m 



DICTIONARY 



THE UNITED STATES CONGRESS, 



THE GENERAL GOVERNMENT; 



COMPILED AS 



100k of '§,dtxma ht* i\it %mzxunn ^^0^1^. 



CHARLES LANMAN, 

AUTHOR OF THE "PEIVATE LIFE OF DANIEL WEBSTER," ETC., feTC. 



FIFTH EDITION: 

REVISED AND BROUGHT DOWN TO INCLUDE THE FORTIETH CONGRESS. 



HAETFORD: 
T. BELKNAP AND H. E. GOODWIN. 

1868. 



\K 



\ 



1^:°. 

\^'' 



Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 18C8, by 

CHARLES LANMAN, 

In the Clerk's Office of the Supreme Court of the United States for the District of Columbia, 

%■ Transfei 
JUN 5 1907 



Manufaolured bj- 

CASE, LOCKWOOD & BRAINARD, 

DARTrOBD, CONN. 



DICTIONARY 



THE UNITED STATES CONGRESS, 



ETC., ETC. 



PREFACE. 



o>«o 



Political laws, wisely framed, have made the United States powerful 
and wealthy to a degree unexampled in modern times ; and I have thought 
that a book of facts, recording the public services of om- national law- 
makers, would be a deserved tribute to them, and, at the same time, be 
generally useful. The record embraces the Senators, Representatives, and 
Delegates, who have served under the Federal Constitution, as well as the 
Delegates to the Continental Congress, and has been made in each case 
as correct and concise as possible. Of many men more might have been 
written, but that was not deemed expedient in a work of this kind ; and 
wliere not enough has been said, the fault must be attributed to the indif- 
ference of the persons mostly interested, or to the neglect of their friends. 
Not being a politician, it has given me but little trouble to be impartial. 
My intention has been to express no opinions of living men, and but seldom 
to echo public opinion in regard to the dead. My leading object has been 
to prepare a kind of labor-saving machine, compiled from original data 
and the National Archives, for the benefit of Members of Congress and of 
State Legislatures, of the Civil Ofllcers of the Government, of Politicians 
and Lawyers, and all who feel an interest in the political history and 
ftiture prosperity of the Republic. 



CONTENTS. 



BIOGRAPHICAL RECORDS. 

PAGK 

Senators, Eepresentatives, and Delegates 9 

STATISTICAL RECORDS. 

Successive Sessions of Congress 433 

Speakers of the House of Kepresentatives 435 

Presidents of the Senate 435 

Secretaries of the Senate 437 

Clerks of the House of Kepresentatives 437 

Chaplains to Congress 438 

Successive Administrations, with Biographical Eecords .... 439 

Executive Officers of the Civil Service ....... 450 

Presidential Electors 454 

The Justices of the Supreme Court, with Biographical Eecords . . 496 

Ministers to Foreign Countries 502 

Pay Table of Leading Civil Officers 575 

The Declaration of Independence . 523 

Delegates to the Continental Congress 529 

Presidents of the Continental Congress 533 

Sessions of the Continental Congress 533 

Articles of Confederation 534 

The Constitution of the United States ' . 539 

The Seat of the General Government . . 551 

Organization of the Executive Departments 553 

The States and Territories of the American Union 564 

Origin of the Names of States 570 

Progress of Population in the United States . . . . . . 572 

Population and Eatio op Eepresentation 573 

Leading Government Publications 575 

The State and Territorial Governors 578 

Eight of Suffrage in the Several States 587 

Qualifications for Governors, Senators, and Eepresentatives . . 591 

Index of Biographies by States 599 

Index to Statistical Eecords 597 

Index to Cabinet Ministers not in Congress 624 

Index to Justices of the Supreme Court not in Congress . . . 624 



BIOGRAPHICAL RECORDS. 



Abbot, (Joe?.— Was born in Fairfleld, 
Connecticut, emigrated to Georgia, and 
was elected a Representative in Congress, 
from Wilkes County, in that State, from 
1817 to 1825, serving as a member of the 
Committees on Commerce and the Slave- 
Trade. Died November 19, 1826. 

Abbott, Ainos. — Born in Andover, 
Massachusetts, September 10, 1786. He 
was educated at a district school, but 
spent the most of his life as a trader and 
merchant. During the years 1835, 1836, 
and 1842, he was a Representative in the 
Massachusetts Legislature ; and from 1840 
to 1842 a member of the State Senate. He 
represented his native State in Congress 
from 1843 to 1849, and was a member of 
the Committees on the Militia and on 
Manufactures. 

Abbott, Kehemiafi. — Born in Sidney, 
Maine, March 29, 1806. He was a lawyer 
by profession ; was a member of the House 
of Representatives, in the Maine Legisla- 
ture, in 1842 and 1843, and was elected a 
Representative to the Thirty-flfth Con- 
gress, serving as a member of the Com- 
mittee on Revolutionary Pensions. 

Abercrombie,J'atnes. — He was born 
in Georgia, and, removing to Alabama, 
was a Representative in Congress, from 
that State, from 1851 to 1855. ' 

Adair, J'ohn. — He was born in 1758, 
in Chester County, South Carolina ; emi- 
grated to Kentucky in 1787 ; served as a 
Major in the border warfare of the time ; 
was elected to the Kentucky Legislature, 
serving one year as Speaker; was a mem- 
ber in 1799 of the Convention which formed 
the State Cioustitution ; subsequently held 
the office of Register of the Land Office in 
Kentucky; and was a Senator of the 
United States, from Kentucky, during the 
years 1805 and 1806 ; commanded the Ken- 
tucky troops at the battle of New Orleans, 
under General Jackson ; and was appoint- 
ed a General in the army. He was elected 
a Representative in Congress, from Ken- 
tucky, from 1831 to 1833, and was a mem- 
ber of the Committee on Military Affairs. 
He died at Harrodsburg, May 19, 1840. 

Adams, Andretv.—He was born in 



Stratford, Connecticut, in January, 1736 ; 
graduated at Yale College in 1760; adopt- 
ed the profession of law, and settled in 
the practice at Litchfield, in 1764; from 
1777 to 1782 he was a Delegate from Con- 
necticut to the Continental Congress, and 
was one of the signers of the Articles of 
Confederation; and in 1789 he was ap- 
pointed a Judge of the Supreme Court of 
Connecticut, and in 1793 Chief Justice of 
said Court. He received from Yale Col- 
lege the degree of LL.D. ; and died No- 
vember 26, 1799. 

Adams, Benjam,in.— Born at Wor- 
cester, Massachusetts ; was a member of 
the Legislature, as Representative, from 
1809 to 1814, and as Senator, in 1814 and 
1815; and from 1822 to 1825; and was a 
Representative in Congress from his na- 
tive State, from 1816 to 1821, having first 
been elected to fill the vacancy caused by 
the death of E. Brigham ; and was a mem- 
ber of the Committees on Revolutionary 
Pensions and Public Expenditures. He 
died at Uxbridge, Massachusetts, in April, 
1837. 

Adams, Charles JP.— Born in Bos- 
ton, August 18, 1807; spent the most of 
his boyhood in St. Petersburg and Lon- 
don, whilst his father, John Quincy Adams, 
was Minister to Russia and England; he 
graduated at Harvard University in 1825; 
studied law, and was admitted to the bar 
in 1828 ; served three years in the Lower 
House, and two years in the Upper House 
of the Massachusetts Legislature ; in 1848 
he was a Delegate to the Bufi'alo Conven- 
tion, and elected President ; was the can- 
didate for Vice-President on the ticket 
with Mr. Van Buren ; and he was elected 
a Representative from Massachusetts to 
the Thirty-sixth Congress, serving as 
Chairman of the Committee on Manufac- 
tures, and as a member of the Special 
Committee of Thirty-three on the Rebel- 
lious States. He was at one time the 
editor of a paper called the " Boston 
Whig;" was a contributor to the North 
American Review, and the editor of the 
well-known Adams Letters, and is the 
author of the standard Biography of his 
grandfather, John Adams. Re-elected to 
the Thirty-seventh Congress, but Avas ap- 
pointed by President Lincoln Minister to 

9 



10 



BIOGBAPHICAL BECOBDS. 



England in 1861. In 1864 the degree of 
LL.D. was conferred upon him by Harvard 
University. 

Adams, Oeorge iMT.— Born in Knox 
County, Kentucky, December 20, 1837; 
educated at Centre College ; studied law ; 
was Clerk of the Circuit Court of Knox 
County from 1859 to 1861 ; subsequently 
served for a few months as a Captain in 
the Union Army ; was an additional Pay- 
master of Volunteers from 1861 to 1865 ; 
and was elected a Kepresentative from 
Kentucky to the Fortieth Congress, serv- 
ing on the Committees on the Militia and 
Freedmen's Affairs. 

Adams, Green. — Born in Barbours- 
ville, Knox County, Kentucky, August 20, 
1812; was bred a farmer, but read law 
and adopted that profession ; in 1832 and 
1833 he was Deputy Sheriff of Knox 
County; in 1839 he was elected to the 
State Legislature, and re-elected ; he was 
a Representative in Congress from Ken- 
tucky from 1847 to 1849, and was a mem- 
ber of the Committee on Engraving. He 
was also a Presidential Elector in 1844 
and 1856, and a Judge of the Circuit Court 
of Kentucky from 1851 to 1856. In 1859 
he was elected a Representative from Ken- 
tucky to the Thirty-sixth Congress, serv- 
ing on the Committee on Post Offices and 
Post Roads. In 1861 he was appointed by 
President Lincoln Sixth Auditor of the 
Treasury. 

Adains, John. — Born at Braintree, 
Massachusetts, October 30, 1735; gradu- 
ated at Harvard University in 1755 ; in- 
structed a class of scholars in Latin and 
Greek for a subsistence ; studied law, and 
having been admitted to the bar, settled 
at Quiucy to practise his profession. As 
a member of the Continental Congress, 
from 1774 to 1777, he was among the fore- 
most in recommending an independent 
Government. In 1777 he was chosen 
Commissioner to the Court of Versailles. 
On his return he was chosen a member of 
the Convention called to prepare a form 
of government for Massachusetts. In 
September, 1779, he was appointed Min- 
ister Plenipotentiary to negotiate a peace, 
and had authority to form a commercial 
treaty with Great Britain. In June, 1780, 
he was appointed Ambassador to Holland ; 
and, in 1782, he went to Paris to engage 
in the negotiation for peace, having pre- 
viously obtained assurance that Great 
Britain would recognize the independence 
of the United States. After serving on 
two or three commissions to form treaties 
of amity and commerce with foreign pow- 
ers, in 1785 he was appointed first Min- 
ister to London; and, in 1788, having 
been absent nine years, lie returned to 
America. In March, 1789, the new Con- 
stitution of the United States went into 
operation, and he became the first Vice- 



President, which ofiice he held during 
the whole of Washington's administra- 
tion. On the retirement of Washing- 
ton, he became, March 4, 1797, President 
of the United States. This was the 
termination of his public functions ; and 
he spent the remainder of his days upon 
his farm in Quincy, occupying himself 
with agriculture, and obtaining amuse- 
ment from the literature and politics of 
the day. He died on the fourth of July, 
1826, with the same words on his lips 
which, fifty years before, on that day, he 
had uttered on the floor of Congress: 
"Independence forever!" His principal 
publications are, " Letters on the American 
Revolution," "Defence of the American 
Constitution," an "Essay on Canon and 
Feudal Law," a series of letters under 
the signature of Novanglus, and Discourses 
on Davila. It was as Vice-President that 
he had a seat in the Senate. In 1856 his 
life and writings were published, in ten 
volumes, edited by his grandson, C. F. 
Adams. 

AdamjS, John.— He was a Represent- 
ative in Congress from Greene County, 
New York, from 1833 to 1835, and was a 
member of the Committee on Invalid Pen- 
sions. He died at Catskill, New York, 
September 28, 1854. 

Adams, John Quincy. •— Born in 

Braintree, now Quincy, Massachusetts, 
July 11, 1767. When ten years of age, he 
accompanied his father to France; and 
when fifteen, was Private Secretary to the 
American Minister in Russia. He was 
graduated at Harvard University in 1787 ; 
studied law in Newburyport, and settled 
in Boston. From 1794 to 1801 he was 
American Minister to Holland, England, 
Sweden, and Prussia. He was a Senator 
in Congress from 1803 to 1808 ; Professor 
of Rhetoric in Harvard University, with 
limited duties, from 1806 to 1808 ; was ap- 
pointed, in 1809, Minister to Russia; as- 
sisted in negotiating the Treaty of Ghent, 
in 1814 ; and assisted, also, as Minister, at 
the Convention of Commerce with Great 
Britain, in 1815. He was Secretary of 
State under President Monroe; and was 
chosen President of the United States in 
1825, serving one terra. In 1831 he was 
elected a Representative in Congress, and 
continued in that position until his death, 
which occurred in the Speaker's room, two 
days after falling from his seat in the 
House of Representatives, February 23, 
1848. His last words were : " This is the 
end of earth; I am content." He was 
Chairman of several of the most important 
committees, and always a working mem- 
ber of the House. He publislied "Letters 
on Silesia," "Lectures on Rhetoric and 
Oratory," and various "Poems," beside 
many occasional letters and speeches. His 
unpublished writings, it is said, would 
make many volumes. 



BIOGRAPHICAL RECORDS. 



11 



Adams, JParmenio. — He was born 
in Hartford, Connecticut, and was a Kep- 
resentative in Congress, from Batavia, 
Genesee County, New York, from 1823 to 
1827. 

Adams, Hobert JT.— He was a Sen- 
ator in Congress, by appointment, from 
Mississippi, from January to May, in 1830, 
and died on the second day of July fol- 
lowing. 

Adam,s, Samuel, — Born in Boston, 
Massaclmsetts, in 1722; graduated at 
Harvard University in 1740; was one of 
the first who organized measures of re- 
sistance to the mother country; was a 
signer of the Declaration of Independ- 
ence ; was a Delegate from Massachu- 
setts to the Continental Congress from 
1774 to 1782 ; signed the Articles of Con- 
federation ; was a member of the Massa- 
chusetts Convention which accepted the 
Federal Constitution; and, on the adop- 
tion of the State Constitution, he was 
elected President of the Senate. He was 
Lieutenant Governor of Massachusetts 
from 1789 to 1794, and, subsequently. 
Governor until 1797 ; and he died October 
3, 1803. 

Adams, Stephen. — He was a native 
of Franklin County, Pennsylvania, and 
had been a member of the Senate of that 
State. Removing to Mississippi, he took 
an active part in public affairs; was a 
member of the State Legislature, and a 
Representative in Congress, from 1845 to 
1847 ; he was elected Judge of the Circuit 
Court, and from 1852 to 1857 was a Sena- 
tor in Congress from Mississippi, serving 
on several committees. He removed to 
Tennessee with the intention of practis- 
ing law at Memphis, where he died, May 
11, 1857. 

Adam,s, Thomas.— He was a Dele- 
gate from Virginia to the Continental 
Congress from 1778 to 1780, and signed 
the Articles of Confederation. 

Addams, William.— He was born 
in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania; was 
a Representative in Congress from Penn- 
sylvania, from 1825 to 1829, and served 
on a Committee for the Deaf and Dumb 
Institutions of New York and Ohio. He 
was, also, Auditor of Berks County, Penn- 
sylvania, in 1813 and 1814; Commissioner 
of the County from 1814 to 1817; member 
of the State Legislature from 1822 to 
1824; and Associate Judge of Berks 
County from 1839 to 1842. Died in the 
spring of 1858, aged 82 years. 

Aflgate, Asa. — He was a Representa- 
tive in the Legislature of New York from 
Clinton County, from 1798 to 1799, and 
elected Representative in Congress from 
Essex County, in that State, from 1815 to 



1817, and was again a member of the Leg- 
islature in 1823. 

Adrain, Garnett JB.— Born in the 

City of New York, December 20, 1816. He 
graduated at Rutgers College, New Jersey, 
in 1833; studied law, and was admitted 
to the bar in 1837 ; and was a Representa- 
tive in the Thirty -fifth Congress from New 
Jersey, serving as Chairman of the Com- 
mittee on Engraving. He was also elected 
a member of the Thirty-sixth Congress, 
serving as Chairman of the Committee on 
Engraving. In January, 1861, he offered 
the resolution of thanks to Major Robert 
Anderson for his defence of Fort Sumter. 
After leaving Congress he was devoted to 
his profession. 

AM, J'ohnA.—He was born in Stans- 
bury, Franklin County, Pennsylvania, in 
August, 1815; received a good English 
education ; studied medicine with his fa- 
ther, and graduated at the " Washington 
Medical College " of Baltimore. He aban- 
doned his profession in 1850, and turned 
his attention to various kinds of manufac- 
tures, and was elected a Representative 
from Pennsylvania to the Thirty-fifth Con- 
gress, serving as a member of the Com- 
mittee on Manufactures. 

Aiken, William,.— He was born in 
Charleston, South Carolina, in 1806 ; grad- 
uated at the South Carolina College in 
1825 ; was a member of the State Legis- 
lature in 1838, 1840, and 1842 ; was Gover- 
ernor of South Carolina in 1844; and a 
Representative in Congress from that 
State from 1851 to 1857. He was consid- 
ered one of the most successful rice plant- 
ers in his native State ; and was one of 
the leading men of his State who did not 
take part in the Rebellion. 

Akers, Thomas Peter. — He was 

elected a Representative from Missouri to 
the Thirty-fourth Congress for the unex- 
pired term of J. G. Miller, and served one 
session. 

Alhertson, Nathaniel. — He was 

born in Virginia, and was elected a Rep- 
resentative in Congress from the First 
Congressional District of Indiana, from 
1849 to 1851, and was a member of the 
Committee on Public Lands. 

Albright, Charles t/".— He was born 
in Pennsylvania, and was elected, from tlie 
State of Ohio, a Representative to the 
Thirty-fourth Congress. 

Aldrich, Cyrus.— ^orn in Smith- 
field, Rhode Island, in June, 1808; re- 
ceived a common-school education; has 
followed the various occupations of a 
sailor, a boatman, a farmer, a contractor 
on public works, and a mail contractor ; 
was a member of the Illinois Legislature ; 



12 



bioghaphical becobds. 



also a llcgister of Deeds and Register of 
the Laud OUiee at Dixon, in tliat State, 
foi- four years; and, having removed to 
Minnesota, was a member of the Consti- 
tutional Convention of that State ; mem- 
ber of the County Board of Hampsliire 
County, in that State; and was elected a 
Representative from Minnesota to the 
Thirty-sixth Congress, serving as a mem- 
ber of the Committee on Agriculture. 
Re-elected to the Thirty-seventh Con- 
gress, and was Chairman of the Commit- 
tee on Indian Afl'airs. After leaving Con- 
gress he was appointed by President 
Lincoln a Commissioner to settle claims 
against the Sioux Indians. In February, 
1807, he was appointed by President John- 
sou Postmaster at Minneapolis, Minnesota. 

Alexander, Adam It. — He was 
born in Washington County, Virginia, and 
was elected a Representative in Congress 
from Madison County, Tennessee, from 
1823 to 1827, and served as a member of 
the Committee on Post Offices and Post 
Roads. 

Alexander, Evan.— Bom in North 
Carolina; graduated at Princeton College 
in 1787; was a member of the Legislature 
for two years ; and a Representative in 
Congress from North Cai'olina from 1805 
to 1809. Died October 28, 1809. 

Alexander, Henri/ JP. — He was 

born in New York, and was a Representa- 
tive in Congress from Herkimer County, 
in that State, from 1849 to 1851, and was 
a member of the Committee on Expendi- 
tures in the State Department. 

Alexander, Jatnes, Jr.— lie was 
born in Maryland; was a resident of St. 
Clairsville, Belmont County, Ohio, and 
elected a Representative in Congress from 
the Eleventh District in that State, from 
1837 to 1839, and was a member of the 
Committee on Public Expenditures. Died 
August t), 1816. 

Alexander, John. — He was elected 
a Repiesentative in Congress from Ohio, 
May 4, 1813, serving till 1817. 

Alexander, MarTc.—TlQ was born 
in Mecklenburg County. Virginia, and 
elected a Representative in Congress from 
that State, from 1819 to 1833. and served 
on the Committees on Revolutionary Pen- 
sions, Ways and Means, and Expendi- 
tures in the State Department, and the 
District of Columbia. 

Alexander, Natlianiel. — Gradu- 
ated at Princeton College in 1776, and, 
aftpr studying medicine, entered the army. 
At the close of the war he resided at the 
High Hills of Santee, pursuing his profes- 
sion, and afterwards at Mecklenburg. 
Wliile lie held a seat in Congress, as a 



Representative from North Carolina, from 
1803 to 1805, the Legislature elected him 
Governor for 1806. He died at Salisbury, 
March 8, 1808, aged fifty-two. In all his 
public stations be is said to have dis- 
charged his duty with ability and firm- 
ness. 

Alexander, Itobert. — He was a 

Delegate from Maryland to the Continen- 
tal Congress from 1775 to 1777. 

Alford, Julius C. — He was born in 
Georgia, and was elected a Representa- 
tive in Congress from Troup County, in 
that State, from 1839 to 1842, and served 
as a member of the Committee on Indian 
Aflairs. 

Allen, Andrew.— lie was a Dele- 
gate from Pennsylvania to the Continen- 
tal Congress in 1775 to 1776. 

Allen, Charles.— Re was born in 

Worcester, Massachusetts, August 9, 1797, 
and was a Representative in Congress 
from that State ft-om 1849 to 1853, and a 
member of the Committee on the District 
of Columbia. He was also a member of 
the State Legislature in 1829, 1833, 1834, 
1838, and 1840; and a State Senator in 
1835, 1838, and 1839 ; Judge of the Court of 
Common Pleas IVom 1842 to 1844 ; Chief 
Justice of the Superior Court ofSufl'olk 
County from 1858 to 1859 ; and subsequent- 
ly Chief Justice of the Superior Court of 
the State. He was a member of the 
State Constitutional Convention of 1853 ; 
and a Commissioner to negotiate the 
Webster Treaty in 1842. He was also a 
Delegate to the Peace Congress of 1861. 

Allen, Chilton. — He was born in 
Albemarle County, Virginia, April 6, 1786, 
and settled in Kentucky as a wheelwright. 
He educated himself for the legal pro- 
fession; from Clark County was elected 
in 1811 to the Legislature of Kentucky for 
several terms ; and he was a Representa- 
tive in Congress from that State from 
1831 to 1837, officiating as Chairman of 
the Committee on Territoi'ies, and a mem- 
ber of the Committee on Foreign Af- 
fairs. In 1838 he was President of the 
Board of Internal Improvement; and in 
1S42 he was again returned to the State 
Legislature, which was the last public 
position he occupied. He died at Win- 
chester, September 3, 1858. He was a 
man of ability and of rare virtues. 

Allen, JEllsha H, — Born in New 

Salem, Massachusetts, January 28, 1804; 
was bred a lawyer; served in the Legisla- 
ture of Maine from 1836 to 1841, and in 
1846; in 1838 as speaker; and was elected 
a Representative in Congress from Maine, 
from 1841 to 1843, serving as a member of 
the Committee on Manuttictures. In 1847 
he removed to Boston, and was elected to 



BIOaRAPHICAL BEOOBDS. 



13 



the Massachusetts Legislature in 1849 ; 
after which he was appointed Consul to 
Honolulu, and has since that time been 
connected with the Government of the 
Sandwich Islands. In 185G he visited the 
United States as Envoy ; and in 1857 was 
Chief Justice and Chancellor of the Sand- 
wich Islands, serving until 18G4. 

Allen, XCeman. — He was born in 
1776 ; was a resident, if not a native of 
Milton, Vermont; adopted the profession 
of law, in which he became distinguished ; 
and was a Representative in Congress 
from Vermont from 1833 to 1839, serving 
as an active member of the Committee on 
Claims. He subsequently settled in Bur- 
lington, Vermont, where he died Decem- 
ber 11, 1844. 

Allen, Meman, — He was born in 
1779, and a resident of Colchester, Ver- 
mont ; he graduated at Dartmouth College 
in 1795, and adopted the profession of law. 
He was Sheriff of Chittenden County in 
1808 and 1809; from 1811 to 1814 he was 
Chief Justice of the Chittenden County 
Court; from 1812 to 1817 he was an active 
member of the State Legislature; was ap- 
pointed Quartermaster of Militia, with the 
title of Brigadier; and was a trustee of 
the University of Vermont. He was first 
elected a Representative in Congress from 
Vermont in 1817, but resigned in 1818 to 
accept from President Munroe the appoint- 
ment of United States Marshal for the Dis- 
trict of Vermont. In 1823 he received 
from the same President the appointment 
of Minister to Chili, which he resigned in 
1828 ; in 1830 he was appointed President 
of the United States Branch Bank, at Bur- 
lington, which he held until the expiration 
of its charter, after which he settled in the 
town of Highgate, Vermont, where he died 
of heart disease, April 9, 1852. 

Allen, tTames C — He was born in 

Shelby County, Kentucky, January 28, 
1823 ; received a good common-school ed- 
ucation, studied law, and was admitted to 
the bar in Indiana in 1843 ; in 1846 was 
elected, for two years. Prosecuting Attor- 
ney in the Seventh Judicial District of In- 
diana; and, having removed to Illinois in 
1848, was elected a member, in 1850 and 
1851, of the State Legislature, and was 
chosen a Representative in Congress from 
Illinois, from 1853 to 1855, and re-elected 
to the Thirty-fourth Congress, when his 
seat was contested unsuccessfully. He was 
chosen Clerk of the House of Representa- 
tives for the Thirty-flfth Congress, and in 
1862 he was re-elected totiie Thirty-eighth 
Congress as a Representative, serving on 
the Committees on Indian Affairs and Un- 
finished Business. 

Allen, JTohn. — Born in Great Bar- 
rington, Massachusetts, in 1763; was a 
lawyer by profession, and a member of tlie 



State Council of Connecticut for several 
years; was a Representative from that 
State during the last Congress which was 
held in Pliiladelphia, from 1797 to 1799. 
He died at Litchfield, Connecticut, July 
31, 1812. 

Allen, JTohn Jf. — He was boi-n in Vir- 
ginia; was a resident of Harrison County, 
and was elected a Representative in Con- 
gress, from Virginia, from 1833 to 1835, 
and served as a member of the Committee 
on the District of Columbia. He subse- 
quently held the oflice of Chief Justice of 
the Supreme Court of Virginia. 

Allen, John W. — Born in Litchfield, 
Connecticut, in 1802 ; settled in Cleveland, 
Oliio, in 1825, and was a member of the 
Senate of that State from 1835 to 1837 ; al- 
so Mayor of Cleveland ; and was elected a 
Representative in Congress from 1837 to 
1841, serving as a member of the Commit- 
tee on the Militia and Military Afiixirs. He 
was the son of John Allen, of Great Bar- 
rington, Massachusetts. 

Allen, Joseph. — He was born in 
Boston; was a merchant in Leicester, and 
benefactor of the Academy there; twice 
Elector for President; was a Clerk of the 
County Court and a State Councillor; and 
a Representative in Congress, from Massa- 
chusetts, from 1811 to 1813, having suc- 
ceeded J. Upham, resigned. He died at 
"Worcester, September 2, 1S27, aged sev- 
enty-eight years. 

Allen, fludson. — He was born in 

Connecticut, and removing to New York: 
was elected a Representative in Congi-ess, 
from that State, from 1839 to 1841, and 
was a member of the Committee on Mile- 



Allen, Nathaniel. — He was born in 
Dutchess County, New York; served in 
the Assembly of that State in 1812, and 
was a Representative in Congress, from 
1819 to 1821, and a member of the Com- 
mittee on Manufactures. 

Allen, Philip.— Tie was born in Prov- 
idence, Rhode Island, September 1, 1785; 
graduated at Brown University in 1803; 
was elected to the State Legislature in 
1819, 1820, and 1821 ; devoted much atten- 
tion to the business of manufacturing ; was 
Governor of Rhode Island during the years 
1851, 1852, and 1853; and was elected a 
Senator in Congress, from his native State, 
from March 3, 1853, for six j'ears, serving 
as a member of the Committees on Com- 
merce and on Naval Affiiirs. Died in Prov- 
idence, Rhode Island, December 16, 1865. 

Allen, Robert. — Born in Augusta 
County, Virginia. He was a Colonel in 
the army under General Jackson ; a Hep- 
resontaiive in Congress, from Tenucsee, 



14 



BIOaBAFHIGAL BECOEDS. 



r 



from 1819 to 1827, serving as a member of 
the Committees on Commerce, tlie Libra- 
ry, and Kevolutionary Claims. He died at 
Carthage, Tennessee, August 19, 1864, 
aged sixty-seven years. 

Allen, Robert.— Born in "Woodstock, 
Shenandoah County, Virginia, July 30, 
1794. He vras educated at Dickinson and 
"Washington Colleges, having left the lat- 
ter institution on a furlough of three 
months, for the purpose of joining a vol- 
unteer military force in 1813, but returned 
and graduated. He studied law, and prac- 
tised in his native place. He held for a 
time the office of Prosecutor for the Com- 
monwealth ; served five years in the Sen- 
ate of Virginia, and was a Eepresentative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1827 to 
1833, serving on the Committee for the 
District of Columbia. 

Allen, Samuel C— Born in Frank- 
lin County, Massachusetts; graduated at 
Dartmouth College in 1794 ; was a Repre- 
sentative in the Massachusetts Legislature 
from 1806 to 1810; a State Senator from 
1812 to 1815, and in 1831 ; and a member 
of the Executive Council in 1829 and 1830 ; 
was a Representative in Congress, from 
Massachusetts, from 1817 to 1829, officiat- 
ing as Chairman of the Committee on Ac- 
counts. He died at Northtield, February 
8, 1842, aged seventy years. 

Allen, William,— He was born in 

Ohio; adopted the profession of law, and 
was a Representative in Congress, from 
Ross County, Ohio, from 1833 to 1835, 
serving as a member of the Committee on 
Indian Affairs ; was elected a Senator in 
Congress from 1837 to 1849, serving as a 
member of several important committees 
in the Senate during his first term. 

Allen, William. — Born in Butler 
County, Ohio, August 13, 1827; received a 
good English education, and taught school 
for a time ; studied law, and was admitted 
to the bar in 1849 ; in 1850 he was elected 
a County Prosecuting Attorney, and re- 
elected in 1852 ; and in 1858 was elected a 
Representative, from Ohio, to the Thirty- 
sixth Congress, serving on the Committee 
on Accounts. Re-elected to the Thirty- 
seventh Congress, serving as Chairman of 
the Committee on Expenditures in Interior 
Department. Was a Delegate to the Chi- 
cago Convention in 1864, and also to the 
Philadelphia "National Union Conven- 
tion" of 1866. 

Allen, William J'.—B.e was born in 
Tennessee in 1828 ; removed with his fa- 
ther to Illinois in 1829 ; studied law, and 
was admitted to the bar in 1848 ; in 1854 
he was elected to the Illinois Legislature ; 
in 1855 was appointed United States At- 
torney for the District of Illinois, which 
he resigned in 1860, and was then elected 



Judge of the Circuit Court. In 1862 he 
was elected a Representative, from Illi- 
nois, to the Thirty-seventh Congress, for 
the unexpired term of John fs. Logan, re- 
signed, and was re-elected to the Thirty- 
eighth Congress, serving on the Committee 
on Claims. 

Allen, Willis. — He was born in Ten- 
nessee, and was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from Illinois, from 1851 to 1855. 

Alley, John IB. — Born in Lynn, Mas- 
sachusetts, January 7, 1817, received a 
good common-school education; was ap- 
prenticed to a shoemaker, and received his 
freedom when nineteen years of age, after 
which he devoted himself to trading; he 
subsequently entered largely into the shoe 
and leather business, which he has since 
followed; he served several years in the 
City Councils of Lynn ; was a member of 
the Governor's Council in 1851 ; a member 
of the Massachusetts Senate in 1852 ; of 
the State Constitutional Convention held 
in 1853, and in 1858 was elected a Repre- 
sentative, from Massachusetts, to the Thir- 
ty-sixth Congress, serving on the Commit- 
tee on Post Offices and Post Roads. Re- 
elected to the Thirty-seventh, and also to 
the Thirty-eighth, Congress, serving as 
Chairman of the Committee on Post Offices 
and Post Roads. Re-elected to the Thirty- 
ninth Congress, serving again on the Post 
Office Committee, and as a member of that 
on the Bankrupt Law. He was also a Del- 
egate to the Philadelphia " Loyalists' Con- 
vention" of 1866. 

Allison, J'ames. — He was elected a 
Eepresentative in Congress, from Beaver 
County, Pennsylvania, from 1823 to 1825. 

Allison, John. — He was born in 
Pennsylvania, and was a Representative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1851 
to 1853, and was re-elected to the Thirty- 
fourth Congress. 

Allison, Robert.— He was born in 
Pennsylvania, and was a Representative 
in Congress, from Pennsylvania, from 
1831 to 1833. 

Allison, William, JB.— He was born 
in the township of Perry, "Wayne County, 
Ohio, March 2, 1829; spent the most of 
his boyhood on a farm; was educated 
chiefly at Alleghany College, Pennsylva- 
nia, and at the Western Reserve College, 
Ohio; studied law, came to the bar in 
1851, and practised the profession in Ohio 
until 1857, when he settled in Dubuque, 
Iowa. He was a delegate to the Chicago 
Convention of 1860; in 1861 he was a 
member of the Governor's staff, and ren- 
dered essential service in raising troops 
for the war ; and in 1862 he was elected a 
Representative from Iowa to the Thirty- 
eighth Congress, serving on the Commit- 



BIOaBAPHIGAL BEC0RD8. 



15 



tees on Public Lands and Eoads and 
Canals. Ke-elected to the Thirty-ninth 
Congress, serving on the Committees on 
Ways and Means, Mines and Mining, and 
Expenses in the Interior Department. Re- 
elected to the Fortieth Congress. 

Alsop, tTohn^—Re was a Delegate 
ft'om New York to the Continental Con- 
gress, from 1774 to 1776. 

Alston, Le^nuel «7".— He was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from South Caro- 
lina, from 1807 to 1811. 

Alston, William jr.— He was born in 
Georgia, and removing to Alabama, was 
a Representative in Congress, from that 
State, from 1849 to 1851, and was a mem- 
ber of the Committee on Post Offices and 
Post Roads. 

Alston, Willis. — Born in Halifax 
County, North Carolina. He appeared in 
public life as early as 1794, serving in the 
State Legislature for several years, and 
was a Representative in Congress, from 
North Carolina, from 1799 to 1803. Died, 
April 10, 1837. 

Alston, Willis, J^r. — Born in North 
Carolina, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1803 to 
1815, and from 1825 to 1831. During the 
war of 1812 he was Chairman of the Com- 
mittee of Ways and Means. 

Alvord, JTames C. — He was a native 
of Massachusetts ; received a liberal edu- 
cation; adopted the profession of law; 
served one term in each branch of the 
State Legislature ; and was elected a Rep- 
resentative from Massachusetts to the 
Twenty-sixth Congress, but died before 
taking his seat, in the latter part of 1839. 

Aines, Fisher, — He was borninDed- 
ham, Massachusetts, April 9, 1758 ; grad- 
uated at Harvard University in 1774; 
studied law in Boston, and commenced 
the practice of it in his native town. He 
distinguished himself as a member of the 
Massachusetts Convention for ratifying 
the Constitution in 1788 ; from that body 
he passed into the State Legislature ; and 
was soon afterwards elected a Represent- 
ative in Congress, where he served from 
1789 to 1797, and gained great reputation 
for his eloquence and exalted patriotism. 
He was devotedly attached to Washing- 
ton, and was the author of the "Address" 
from the House of Representatives to the 
President prior to his retirement from 
office. After leaving Congress, he de- 
voted himself for a few years to the prac- 
tice of his profession ; but, giving that up, 
he devoted himself exclusively to farm- 
ing. He was elected President of Har- 
vard University in 1804, but declined the 
honor, and received from that institution 



the degree of LL.D. He wrote much for 
the papers on the public affairs of America, 
England, and France, and both as a writer 
and orator he attained a very prominent 
position, and exerted an extensive influ- 
ence. He died in Dedhara, July 4, 1808 ; 
in 1809 a collection of his writings and 
his life were published by Rev. Dr. Kirk- 
ham ; and in 1854 a more complete edition 
was issued, edited by his son. 

Ames, OaJces. — He was born in Eas- 
ton, Bristol County, Massachusetts, Janu- 
ary 10, 1804; has lever been a manufac- 
turer by profession; was a member, for 
two years, of the Executive Council of 
the State, and in 1862 he was elected a 
Representative from Massachusetts to the 
Thirty-eighth Congress, serving on the 
Committees on Revolutionary Claims and 
Manufactures. Re-elected to the Thirty- 
ninth Congress, serving on the Commit- 
tees on the Pacific Railroad and Manufac- 
tures; was also a Delegate to the 
Philadelphia " Loyalists' Convention " of 
1866 ; and re-elected to the Fortieth Con- 
gress. 

Ancona, Sydenham E.—He was 
born in Warwick, Lancaster County, 
Pennsylvania, November 20, 1824, and, 
removing to Berks County, was for sev- 
eral years connected with the Reading 
Railroad Company. He was elected in 
1860 a Representative, from Pennsylvania, 
to the Thirty-seventh Congress, serving 
on the Committees on the Militia and on 
Manufactures. In 1862 he was re-elected 
to the Thirty-eighth Congress, serving as 
a member of the Committees on Manufac- 
tures and on the Militia. Re-elected to 
the Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the 
Committee on Military Affairs; and he 
was one of the Representatives designated 
by the House to attend the funeral of 
General Scott in 1866. In March, 1867, 
he was appointed by President Johnson 
Navy Agent at Philadelphia, but was not 
confirmed by the Senate. 

Anderson, Alexander.— He was a 

Senator in Congress, from the Knoxville 
District, Tennessee, during the years 1840 
and 1841, a part of a term, and served as 
a member of the Committee on the Mili- 
tia. 

Anderson, George W. — Born in 
Jefferson County, Tennessee, May 22, 
1832 ; received a liberal education ; adopt- 
ed the profession of law ; settled in Mis- 
souri in 1853 ; in 1854 became the editor 
of the "North East Missourian" news- 
paper; was elected, in 1858, to the State 
Legislature, after a previous defeat; in 
1862 he was chosen a State Senator, re- 
maining in that capacity until 1865, when 
he resigned, having beeu elected a Repre- 
sentative from Missouri to the Thirty- 
ninth Congress, serving on the Commit- 



16 



BlOaBAPHIGAL BEGOBDS. 



tee on Public Lands, and as Chairman of 
the Committee on Mileage. Early in 1861 
he organized a Home Guard, and was 
chosen Colonel thereof, and was subse- 
quently commissioned a Colonel of Mili- 
tia, and had command of the Forty-ninth 
Regiment of his State. He was a Dele- 
gate to the Philadelphia "Loyalists' Con- 
vention" of 1866, and was re-elected to 
the Fortieth Congress. 

A.nderson, Hugh J". — Born in 1801, 
in Maine, and was Clerk of the Waldo 
County Courts from 1827 to 1837, and a 
Eepresentative in Congress, from Maine, 
from 1837 to 1841, and a member of the 
Committee on Naval Affairs. He was a 
lawyer by profession ; Governor of Maine 
from 18i4: to 1847 ; a Presidential Elector 
in 1849 ; and Commissioner of Customs in 
Washington, from 1853 to 1858. In Octo- 
ber, 1866, he was appointed by President 
Johnson Sixth Auditor of the Treasury. 

Anderson, Isaac. — He was a Eep- 
resentative in Congress, from Pennsylva- 
nia, from 1803 to 1807. 

Anderson, John. — He was born in 
Cumberland, Maine; was a graduate of 
Bowdoin College in 1813 ; studied law 
and admitted to the bar in 1816; a mem- 
ber of the Maine Sena,te in 1824, and was 
elected a Representative in Congress, 
from Cumberland County, Maine, from 
1825 to 1833, serving as a member of the 
Committees on Elections and Naval Af- 
fairs. He was also Mayor of Portland in 
1833 and 1842 ; United States District At- 
torney from 1833 to 1837 ; and Collector 
of Customs at Portland from 1837 to 1841, 
and from 1843 to 1848. He died August 
21,. 1853, aged sixty-one years. 

Anderson, Joseph.— Re was born 
near Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Novem- 
ber 5, 1757; enjoyed what was called at 
the time a good education ; studied law ; 
was appointed an Ensign in the New Jer- 
sey line in 1775; was promoted to an 
Adjutancy; as a Captain fought at the 
battle of Monmouth; he also went, in 
1779, with Sullivan against the Six Na- 
tions ; in 1780 he was at Valley Forge ; in 
1781 at the siege of York; and after the 
war he retired with the rank of Brevet 
Major, He practised law in Delaware for 
seven years. In 1791 was appointed by 
Washington Judge of the territory south 
of the Ohio River; remained in that posi- 
tion until the first Constitution of Ten- 
nessee was formed, which he aided in 
forming in convention; and he was an 
influential member of the United States 
Senate, from Tennessee, from 17J7 to 
1815, serving at all times upon important 
committees, and acting on two occasions 
*s President pro tempore of the Senate. 
He was appointed, in 1815, First Comp-* 
troUer of the Treasury, where he remained 



until 1836. He died in Washington, April 
17, 1837. 

Anderson, Joseph JBT. — He was 

born in New York, and was elected a 
Representative in Congress, from that 
State, from 1843 to 1847, and was Chair- 
man of the Committee on Agriculture, 
and a member of the Committee on Ex- 
penditures in the Treasury Department. 

Anderson, Josiah M, — He was 
born in Tennessee, and was elected a 
Representative in Congress, from the 
Third District in that State, from 1849 to 
1852, and was a memJser of the Committee 
on Private Land Claims. He was also a 
Delegate to the Peace Congress of 1861. 

Anderson, J. J*. —He was born in 
Tennessee, and was elected a Delegate to 
the Thirty-fourth Congress from the Ter- 
ritory of Washington. 

Anderson, Lucien. — Was born iu 
Mayfield, Kentucky, in June, 1824; re- 
ceived a good English education ; adopted 
the profession of the law; was a Presi- 
dential Elector in 1852; and served for 
two terms as a member of the Kentucky 
Legislature. In 1863 he was elected a 
Representative from Kentucky to the Thir- 
ty-eighth Congress, serving as a member 
of the Committee on the District of Co- 
lumbia. During the month of November, 
1863, he was taken prisoner by a party of 
" Confederates," and retained in custody 
until just before the meeting of Congress, 
when he was exchanged. He was a Dele- 
gate to the Baltimore Convention of 1864, 
a Presidential Elector in 1853, and a Dele- 
gate to the Philadelphia " Loyalists' Con- 
vention " of 1866. 

Anderson, Richard C, Jr. — Born 

in Jefferson County, Kentucky; was elect- 
ed a Representative in Congress, from Ken- 
tucky, from 1817 to 1821, "and was Chair- 
man of the Committee on Public Lands 
during the Sixteenth Congress. In 1823 
he was appointed Minister Plenipotentiary 
to Colombia, and in 1827 Envoy Extraor- 
dinary to Panama; but died November 6, 
1826. 

Anderson, Samuel.— Bom in 1774, 
in Pennsylvania. He served repeatedly in 
the Legislature of that State ; was Speaker 
of its House during two sessions; and 
elected a Representative in Congress, from 
Pennsylvania, from 1827 to 1839, and was 
a member of the Committee on the Boun- 
dary Line of Missouri. He died in Ches- 
ter, Pennsylvania, January 17, 1850. 

Anderson, Siineon JET.— Born in 
Garrard County, Kentucky, March 2, 1832 ; 
studied law and practised with success; 
served frequently in the Kentuclcj^ Legis- 
lature; was elected a Representative in 



BIOGBAPIIICAL BECOBDS. 



17 



Congress from the Fifth Congressional 
District of Kentuck}', from 1839 to 1841, 
and served as a member of the Committee 
on Post Offices and Post Roads. He died 
at his residence near Lancaster, Kentucky, 
August 11, 1840, before the expiration of 
his term of service. He had the reputation 
of being a remarkably industrious, useful, 
and amiable man. 

Anderson, Thos. JD,— Born in Greene 

Count3% Kentucky, December 8, 1808. He 
was self-educated, and removed to Mis- 
souri in 1830, where he commenced the 
practice of law at twenty-one years of age. 
He was elected to the Legislature of that 
State in 1840 ; was a Presidential Elector 
in 1844, 1848, 1852, and 185(5 ; and a mem- 
ber of the Convention for remodelling the 
State Constitution in 1845, and was elected 
a Representative to the Thirty-fifth Con- 
gress, serving as a member of the Commit- 
tee on Invalid Pensions. He was re-elected 
to the Thirty-sixth Congress, serving on 
the Committee on Private Land Claims. 

Anderson, WUlia^n.— Born in Clies- 
ter County, Pennsylvania, in 17C3, and 
served tliroughout the Revolutionary War 
with credit, taking a prominent part at the 
siege of Yorktown. After the war he re- 
turned to Delaware County, Pennsylvania, 
and was a Representative in Congi-ess, 
from that State, from 1809 to 1815, and 
from 1817 to 1819. He was afterwards a 
Judge of Deleware County Court, and a 
Custom-house officer at Chester, in that 
county, where he died, December 13, 1829. 

Anderson, William C — Born in 
Lancaster, Garrard County, Kentuclijs De- 
cember 6, 1826; educated at the College 
of Danville ; adopted the profession of 
laAv; served in the Kentucky Legislature 
in 1851 and 1853; was a Presidential 
Elector in 1856 ; and in 1859 was elected 
a Representative, from Kentucky, to the 
Thirty-sixth Congress, serving as a mem- 
ber of the Committee on the District of 
Columbia. Died at Frankfort, Kentucky, 
December 23, 1861. 

Andrews, Charles. — Born in Paris, 
Maine, in 1814; studied law, and was ad- 
mitted to tlie bar in 1837 ; was Clerk of 
the County Court of Oxford County ; was 
a member of the State Legislature from 
1839 to 1843, a portion of the time Speaker 
of the House; and a Representative in 
Congress, from Maine, from 1851 to the 
time of his death, which occurred in Paris 
Hill, Maine, April 30, 1852. 

Andrews, George B.— He was born 
in New Yorli, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from the Fourteenth Congres- 
sional District in that State, from 1849 to 
1851, and was a member of the Committee 
on Elections. 



Andrews, tTohn T. — He was born in 
New York, and was elected a Representa- 
tive in Congress, from that State, from 1837 
to 1839, serving as a member of the Com- 
mittee on Expenditures in the State De- 
partment. 

Andrews, Landaff IF.— Born in 
Fleming County, Kentucky, February 12, 
1803; graduated at Transylvania Univer- 
sity in 1824 ; and commenced the practice 
of law in 1826, in which profession he has 
since been actively engaged. He was a 
member of the Kentucky Legislature in 
1834, and in 1838 was elected a Representa- 
tive in Congress, serving from 1839 to 1843, 
and acted on the Committees on Revolu- 
tionary Pensions and Accounts. He was 
also a member of the Kentucky Senate. 

Andrews, Samuel G. — He was born 
in Derby, New Haven County, Connecti- 
cut, October 16, 1799 ; received an academi- 
cal education, and removed with his father 
to Rochester, New York, in 1816. He was 
occupied chiefly in mercantile and manu- 
facturing pursuits ; was for several years 
Mayor of Rochester ; was a member of the 
New York Legislature in 1831 and 1832, 
from Monroe County, New York; Clerk of 
the Monroe County Court; Secretary of 
the State Senate of New York for four 
years ; Clerk of the Court of Dernier Re- 
sort for four years ; and was Postmaster 
of Rochester. He was elected a Repre- 
sentative, from New Yorlc, to the Thirty- 
fifth Congress, serving as a member of the 
Committee on Roads and Canals. Died in 
Rochester, New York, in 1863. 

Andrews, Sherlock J. — Born in 
Wallingford, Connecticut, in 1801 ; grad- 
uated at Union College, settled in Cleve- 
land, Ohio, in 1825, and practised law; was 
Judge of the Superior Court of that State, 
and elected a Representative in Congress, 
from Ohio, from 1841 to 1843, and was a 
member of the Committee on Commerce. 

Angel, William G. — He was a native 
of Newshoreham, Rhode Island ; was elect- 
ed a Representative in Congress, from Bur- 
lington, Otsego County, New York, from 
1825 to 1827, and again from 1829 to 1833, 
and was a member of the Committees on 
Indian Atfairs and on Territories. 

Anthony, Henry B. — He was born 
in Coventry, Rhode Island, April 1, 1815, 
of Quaker ancestry; graduated at Brown 
University in 1833, and in 1838 he assumed 
the editorial charge of the " Providence 
Journal," which he retained until called to 
a seat in the United States Senate. He 
was elected Governor of Rhode Island in 
1849, re-elected in 1850, and declined a re- 
election. He was elected a Senator in 
Congress from Rhode Island for the term 
commencing in 1859 and ending in 1865, 



18 



BIOaBAPHlCAL BEC0BB8. 



serving as Chairman of the Committee on 
Priutiiig; and he was re-elected to the 
Senate for the term ending in 1871, again 
serving at the head of the Printing Com- 
mittee and as ameraber of the Committees 
on Claims, Naval Aliairs, Mines and Min- 
ing, and Post Offices and Post Roads. He 
was a member of the National Com- 
mittee appointed to accompany the re- 
mains of President Lincoln to Illinois; 
and was one of the Senators designated by 
the Senate to attend the fimeral of General 
Scott in 1866. He was also a Delegate to 
the Philadelphia "Loyalists' Convention" 
of 1866. 

ulnthony, Joseph B. — Born in Penn- 
sylvania ; was elected a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1833 to 
1838, serving as a member of the Commit- 
tees on Territories and Military Affairs. 
He died at Williamsport, Pennsylvania, 
January 17, 1851. 

Appleton, tTohn. — Born in Beverly,- 
Massachusetts, February 11, 1815; gradu- 
ated at Bowdoin College, Maine, in 1834 ; 
was admitted to practise law art Portland, 
Maine, in 1837. In the winter of 1838-'39 
he became editor of a Democratic news- 
paper in that city, "The Eastern Argus," 
and continued to be its editor for the next 
four or five years, during a part of which 
time he was also Register of Probate for 
the County of Cumberland. In 1845 he 
accepted an invitation from Mr. Bancroft, 
the Secretary of the Navy, to become Chief 
Clerk of the Navy Department; subse- 
quently he succeeded Mr. Trist as Chief 
Clerk of the State Department, which was 
then presided over by Mr. Buchanan. In 
1848 he was appointed, by President Polk, 
Charge d'Affaires of the United States to 
Bolivia. On his return from that mission, 
which he resigned after the election of 
General Taylor, he resumed the practice 
of law at Portland, in partnership Avith 
Nathan Clifford, now one of the judges 
of the Supreme Court ofthe United States; 
but soon afterwards, in September, 1850, 
he was elected, from the Portland Dis- 
trict, a member of the Thirty-second Con- 
gress. In 1855 he joined Mr. Buchan- 
an, at London, as Secretary of Legation, 
but I'eturned home in time for theTpresi- 
dential canvass of 1856. In 1857, having 
been obliged from ill health to decline the 
position to which he had been invited, of 
editor of the " Washington Union," he was 
appointed, by President Buchanan, As- 
sistant Secretary of State. In May, 1860, 
he was appointed Minister to Russia. He 
died in Portland, Maine, August 22, 1864. 

Appleton, Ifathan.— Born at New 
Ipswich, New Hampshire, October 6, 1779. 
He entered Dartmouth College in 1794, but 
left his studies there, after being invited 
by his brother to join him in the mercantile 
business in Boston. He became interested 



in the cotton manufacture, and in 1821 was 
one ofthe tliree original founders of Low- 
ell. He was at different periods a member 
ofthe Legislature of Massachusetts, and 
from 1831 to 1833, and again in 1842, was 
elected a Representative of that State in 
Congress, serving on important commit- 
tees ; but soon resigned his seat, and has 
since taken no part in public affairs. He 
published pamphlets and essays on Curren- 
cy, Banking, and the Tariff. He died in 
Boston, July 14, 1861. A memoir of his 
life was published by Robert C. VVinthrop. 

Appleton, William. — Born in 

Brooklleld, Massachusetts, November, 
1786, and was educated for mercantile 
pursuits, in which he was engaged exten- 
sively and successfully for more than 
fifty years. He ever took a prominent 
part in various public enterprises and 
benevolent objects ; gave much attention 
to banking and financial operations, and 
was for some years, and until the close 
ofthe institution. President ofthe Branch. 
Bank of the United States in Boston. In 
1850 he was elected a Representative in 
Congress, from Massachusetts, and re- 
elected in 1852. He was also elected to 
the Thirty-seventh Congress, but died iu 
February, 1862, in Boston. 

Archer, tTohn. — He was born in 
Harford County, Maryland, in 1741, and 
graduated at Nassau Hall in 1760. He stud- 
ied divinitjr, but, on account of a throat 
affection, turned his attention to medicine, 
and went through a course of study at 
the Philadelphia Medical College, having 
received the first medical diploma ever 
issued in the New World. At the com- 
mencement of the Revolution he had 
command of a military company ; was a 
member of the State Legislature ; and 
after the war he practised his profession ; 
was a Presidential Elector in 1797 ; was a 
Representative in Congress from Mary- 
land, from 1801 to 1807 ; and died in 1810. 
As a medical man he commanded great 
influence, and several discoveries were 
made by him, which have been adopted 
by the profession. 

Archer Stevenson. — He was born in 
Harford County, Max-yland; graduated at 
Princeton College in 1805; was a Judge 
of the Court of Appeals ; and elected a 
Representative in Congress, from that 
State, from 1811 to 1817, when he was 
appointed Judge in Mississippi Territory. 
He was chosen a Representative in Con- 
gi'ess again, from 1819 to 1821, and was a 
member of the Committee on Foreign 
Affairs. He was the son of John Archer. 

Archer, Stevenson. — He was born 
in Harford County, Marjdand, 1827; 
graduated at Princeton College, in 1846 ; 
adopted the profession of law ; was a 
member of the Maryland Legislature in 



BIOGBAPIIICAL BECOBDS. 



19 



1854:, and in 1866 he was elected a Repre- 
sentative from Maryland to ttie Fortietli 
Congress, serving on the Committees 
on Naval Affairs, Expenditures on Public 
Euildings, and Education in the District 
of Columbia. His father, bearing his own 
name, and his grandfather, named John, 
were both Representatives in Congress 
from the same district which he now 
represents. 

Archer, William jS.— Born in Ame- 
lia County, Virginia, March 5, 1789. He 
came of a Welsh family, a number of 
whom acquitted themselves with honor 
in the Revolutionary war. He obtained 
the rudiments of his education at the best 
grammar schools of the day; graduated 
at the College of William and Mary ; and 
studied law. In 1812 he was elected to 
the State Legislature, where lie served, 
excepting one year, until 1819. In 1820 
he was elected a Representative in Con- 
gress from Virginia, where he remained 
until 1835, taking an active part in all 
matters of national importance, and ex- 
erting a paramount influence, especially 
as Chairman of the Committee on Foreign 
Relations, and member of the Committee 
on the Missouri Compromise. In 1811 he 
was elected to the United States Senate, 
where he remained until 1817, having, 
from the start, been placed at the head of 
the Committee on Foreign Relations in 
that body. By his public acts, he com- 
manded the respect of the country ; and 
by the charms of liis private character, 
won the friendship of many of the leading 
men of his day. On his retirement from 
public life, he devoted himself to the 
improvement of his paternal estate; and 
died March 28, 1855, of neuralgia, with 
which he had been afflicted for twenty 
years. , 

Armstrong, James.— K native of 
Pennsylvania; distinguished himself in 
the Indian wars, and was consulted bj^the 
proprietors of Pennsylvania on all matters 
connected with Indian affairs. In 1776, 
Congress promoted him from the rank of 
Colonel to that of Brigadier-General, and 
he assisted in the defence of Fort Moul- 
trie, and in the battle of Germantown ; in 
1777 he resigned his commission in conse- 
quence of dissatisfaction as to rank. He 
was subsequently elected a Representa- 
tive to Congress from Pennsylvania, serv- 
ing from 1793 to 1795, and sustained a 
number of other honorable offices. He 
died at Carlisle, Pennsylvania, March 9, 
1795, a few days after the expiration of 
his term in Congress. Was brother of 
John. 

Arinstronff, John.— Tie was bom 

in Carlisle, Pennsylvania, November 25, 
1755, and served as an officer in the Revo- 
lutionary war. At the clpse of the war, 
in order to obtain redress for the griev- 



ances sustained by the officers of the 
army, he prepared the celebrated " New- 
burgh Letters." He was a Delegate to 
the Continental Congress in 1778 and 
1787, from Pennsylvania, where he was 
made Secretary of State and Adjutant- 
General of the State ; and to him was 
intrusted the direction of the last Penn- 
sylvania war against the Connecticut set- 
tlers of Wyoming. Returning to New 
York, he was sent to the Senate of the 
United States, serving from 1800 to 1801, 
when he resigned. On the return of 
Chancellor Livingston from the French 
embassy, lie was commissioned Minister 
in his place in 1801; and was also ap- 
pointed a Commissioner Plenipotentiary 
to Spain. Returning to his own country, 
he was appointed a Brigadier-General in 
1812; in 1813, Secretary of War, by Pres- 
ident Madison, which position he re- 
signed in consequence of difficulties grow- 
ing out of the capture of Washington. 
From that time he lived in retirement 
upon his estate at Red Hook, but passed 
a few years in Maryland. He published a 
brief history of the last war with Eng- 
land. He died at Red Hook, New York, 
April 1, 1813. 

Armstrong, William. — He was 

born in Lisburn, Antrim County, Ireland, 
December 23, 1782. He came to this 
country in 1792 ; had a limited education"; 
studied law in Winchester, Virginia; de- 
voted himself to mercantile pursuits. In 
1813 he was appointed, by President Mad- 
ison, Collector for the Sixth District of 
Virginia; in 1818 and 1819 he was a mem- 
ber of the Virginia House of Delegates ; 
in 1822 and 1823, a member of the Board 
of Public Works ; and in 1820 and 1821 he 
was a Presidential Elector; for many 
years a Justice of the Peace; one year 
High Sheriff of Hampshire County; and 
he was a Representative in Congress from 
1825 to 1833. Since that time he has 
lived in retirement in the pleasant valley 
of the South Branch of the Potomac. 

Arnell, Savnuel M. — He was born in 
Maury County, Tennessee, May 3, 1833; 
his grandfather having been a soldier in 
the Revolution, and acquitted himself 
with credit at "King's Mountain." He 
was educated for the Church, but taught a 
classic school and studied law; in 1859 he 
went into the business of manufacturing 
leather; in 1861 he took an active interest 
in putting down the Rebellion, and suf- 
fered in person and property from the 
Confederate Army; was elected to the 
Tennessee Legislature and advocated the 
passage of the Constitutional Amendment 
in 1865 and he was elected a Representa- 
tive from Tennessee to the Thirty-ninth 
Congress taking his seat near the close 
of the first session and serving on the 
Committee on Public Expenditures. Re- 
elected to the Fortieth Congress ; serving , 



20 



:6I0GBAPIIIGAL BEQ0BD8. 



on the Committee on Accounts and as 
Chairman of that on Expenditures in the 
State Department. 

Arnold, Benedict, — He was a mem- 
ber of tlie Assembly of New York, from 
Amsterdam, Montgomery County, in 1816 
and 1817, and was a liepresentative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1829 to 
1831. 

Arnold, Isaac J^.— Born in Hard- 
wicke, Otsego County, New York, in 
November, 1815; wliile engaged in ac- 
quiring an education, he taught school, 
studied law, and came to the bar in 1835 ; 
in 1836 he removed to Chicago^ Illinois ; 
in 1837 he was First Clerk of the'^City of 
Chicago; in 1843 he was elected to the 
Illinois Legislature, and took -an active 
part in the canal improvements; in 1844 
he was a Presidential Elector ; was for a 
time Attorney for the Illinois and Michi- 
gan Canal ; and in 1860 he was elected a 
Eepresentative, from Illinois, to the Thir- 
ty-seventh Congress, serving as Chairman 
of the Select Committee on the Defences 
and Fortifications of the Great Lakes and 
Elvers. In 1862 he was elected for 
another term to the Thirty-eighth Con- 
gress, serving on the Committee on Man- 
ufactures, and as Chairman of that on 
Eoads and Canals. In May, 1865, he was 
appointed by President Johnson Sixth 
Auditor of the Treasury; and in 1866 he 
published a "History of Abraham Lin- 
coln." 

Arnold, Jonatlian. — He was a Del- 
egate from Rhode Island to the Conti- 
nental Congress from 1782 to 1784. 

Arnold, Ziemuel JT.— Born in St. 

Johnsbury, Vermont, January 29, 1792, 
and removed to Rhode Island at an early 
age. He graduated at Dartmouth Col- 
lege, in 1811 ; was educated for the bar, 
but turned his attention to mercantile 
pursuits. In 1831, he was elected Gov- 
ernor of Rhode Island, and re-elected in 
1832; he was a member of the Governor's 
Council during the Dorr Rebellion in 1842 ; 
was a Representative in Congress from 
18-15 to 1847; and died in Kingston, 
Eiiode Island, June 27, 1852. 

Arnold, Peleg. — He was a Delegate 
from Rhode Island to the Continental 
Congress in 1787 and 1788. 

Arnold, Samuel. — He was born in 
Haddam, Middlesex County, Connecticut, 
June 1, 1806; received his education at 
Plainfleld Academy, in Connecticut, and 
"Westfleld Academy, in Massachusetts; 
has devoted the most of his life to agri- 
cultural pursuits, and to various interests 
of commerce ; having also for many years 
carried on one of the most extensive stone 
quarries in the Union. He was, also, for 



a number of years, President of the Bank 
of East Haddam. He served his native 
County, in the Legislature, during the 
years 1839, 1842, 1844, and 1851, and was 
elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, as a 
Representative from Connecticut, serving 
as a member of the Committee on Claims. 

Arnold, Samuel G. — Born in Provi- 
dence, Rhode Island, April 12, 18J1 ; grad- 
uated at Brown University in 1841 ; having 
taken a year from the course to travel in 
Europe and the East; spent two years in 
a counting-house in Providence, and 
again visited Europe ; spent two years at 
the Harvard Law School, and, having 
graduated, came to the bar in 1845; but 
instead of practising, again visited Eu- 
rope, and also South America. In 1852 
he was elected Lieutenant-Governor of 
Rhode Island; in 1859 and 1860, he pub- 
lished the " History of the State of Rhode 
Island," a work upon which he had long 
been engaged; in 1861, he was a Delegate 
to the Peace Convention, and again 
chosen Lieutenant-Governor of the State; 
and, on the breaking out of the Rebellion, 
he took the field, for a few weeks, in com- 
mand of a battery of artillery, as aide-de- 
camp to Governor Sprague. In 1862, he 
was again elected Lieutenant-Governor 
of Rhode Island, and was soon afterwards 
chosen Senator in Congress from Rhode 
Island, for the unexpired term of J. F. 
Simmons, resigned, serving on the Com- 
mittees ou Commerce and Claims. 

Arnold, Thomas D. — He was 

elected a Representative in Congress, 
from Knox County, Tennessee, from 1831 
to 1833, and for a second term, from 1841 
to 1843, representing Gi-eenville County ; 
he was a member of the Committees on 
Elections and Claims. 

Arrington, S. Archibald, — He 

was born in North ('arolina, and repre- 
sented that State in Congress, from 1841 
to 1845, after which he retired to private 
life. He was a member of the Committee 
on Expenditures in the War Department. 

Ash, Michael W.—Re was born in 
Pennsylvania, and was a Representative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1835 to 
1837, serving as a member of the Com- 
mittee on Naval AflTairs. 

Ashe, John, Bapfiste, — He was a 

Representative in Congress, from North 
Carolina, from 1790 to 1793 ; was one of 
those who voted for locating the Seat of 
Government on the Potomac ; was elected 
Governor of the State of North Carolina 
in 1801 : and died November 27, 1802. He 
was a Delegate to the Continental Con- 
gress in 1787 and 1788. 

Ashe, John JB.— He was a son of 
John Baptiste, and was elected a Eepre- 



BIOGRAPHICAL BECOEDS. 



21 



sentative in Congress from Tennessee, 
from 1843 to 1845, representing the Tenth 
District, and serving as a member of tlie 
Committees on Invalid Pensions and Ex- 
penditures in the State and Treasury De- 
partments. 

Ashe, William 5.— Born in Wil- 
mington, North Carolina, and was the son 
of John Baptiste; was a lawyer by pro- 
fession; served in the State Legislature 
in 1846, and was re-elected in 1848; he 
was a Representative in Congress, from 
1849 to 1853, serving on the Committee 
on Expenditures in the State Department. 
Was killed on a railroad, near Wilmington, 
in 1864. 

Ashley, Chester. — Born at Westfiekl, 
Massachusetts, June 1, 1790, but was re- 
moved in infancy to Hudson, New York, 
where lie resided until he reached the age 
of twentj'-seven. He then went to Illinois, 
and after practising law in that State for 
two years, removed to the Territory of 
Arkansas, and established himself in Lit- 
tle Rock, then a mere landing. He was 
chosen a Senator in Congress, from Ar- 
kansas, in 1844, and was Chairman of the 
Judiciary Committee in that body. He 
served until his death, which occurred in 
Washington City, April 29, 1848. 

Ashley, Delos JR. — He received a 
general eilucation and studied law in Mon- 
roe, Michigan ; went to California in 1849, 
where he held the office of District Attor- 
ney in 1851, 1852, and 1833; was a mem- 
ber of the California Assembly in 1854 and 
1855; a State Senator in 1856 and 1857; 
and State Treasurer in 1862 and 1863. 
Early in 1864 he removed to Nevada, and 
was elected a Representative from that 
State to the Thirty-ninth Congress, serv- 
ing as Chairman of the Committee on 
Mines and Mining, and on that on Free 
Schools in the District of Columbia. Re- 
elected to the Fortieth Congress serving 
on the Committee on Public Lauds. 

Ashley Henry. — He was born in 
Cheshire County, New Hampshire, and 
was elected, a Representative in Congress, 
from Delaware and Greene counties, 
New York, from 1825 to 1827. 

Ashley, tfames iltf.— Born in Penn- 
sylvania, November 14, 1824; was self- 
educated; became an adventurer at the 
age of fifteen, at one time acting as clerk 
on the store-boats of the Ohio and Missis- 
sippi, and then doing service in a printing- 
office. He studied law, and was admitted 
to the bar of Ohio in 1849'; but, instead 
of practising his profession, he went into 
the business of boat-building, and was 
C(ninected with the press. He subse- 
quently settled at Toledo, and went into 
the wholesale drug business, and was 
elected a Representative, from Ohio, to 



the Thirty-sixth Congress, sei'ving as a 
member of the Committee on Territories. 
Re-elected to the Thirty-seventh Con- 
gress, and made Chairman of the Com- 
mittee on Territories, and also re-elected 
to the Thirty-eighth Congress, serving on 
the Committee of Claims, and as Cliair- 
man of the Committee on Territories, and 
under his immediate supervision the Ter- 
ritories of Arizona, Idaho, and Montana 
were organized. Re-elected to the Thirty- 
ninth Congress, serving again at the head 
of the Committee on Territories, and as a 
member of those on Unfinished Business 
and Mines and Mining. He was a Dele- 
gate to the Philadelphia " Loyalists' Con- 
vention " of 1866 ; and was re-elected to 
the Fortieth Congress. 

Ashley, Willlatn JET.— Born in Pow- 
hatan County, Virginia, and emigrated to 
Missouri, then Upper Louisiana, in 1808, 
and settled near the Lead Mines, In 1822, 
he projected the scheme of the "Moun- 
tain Expedition," by uniting the Indian 
trade in the R()cky Mountains with the 
hunting and trapping business. He en- 
listed about three hundred hardy men in 
the business, and, after various successes 
and reverses, having sustained numerous 
losses by Indian robbery and river disas- 
ters, he and his associates realized a hand- 
some fortune. He was the first Lieutenant- 
Governor of Missouri, after it became a 
State, and a Representative in Congress, 
from 1831 to 1837. He died near Boon- 
ville, Missouri, March 26, 1838. 

Ashmore, John D. — Born in Green- 
ville District, South Carolina, August 7, 
1819; served as a merchant's clerk for 
several years, and then taught school until 
he became of age; studied law, but, in- 
stead of following that profession, turned 
his attention to agriculture; when quite 
young filled various offices in the State 
Militia; was a member of the South Car- 
olina Legislature in 1848, 1850, and 1852; 
in 1853, he was elected Comptroller-Gen- 
eral of the State for two years, and re- 
elected for a second term ; and he was 
subsequently elected a Representative 
from South Carolina to the Thirty-sixth 
Congress, Withdrew in December, 1860. 

Ashntun, Eli Porter. — He was a 

distinguished lawyer, and for several 
years a member of the House of Repre- 
sentatives and Senate of Massachusetts; 
and was elected, in 1816, to succeed Gen- 
eral Varnum as Senator, from that State, 
in Congress; this office he resigned in 
1818. He died at Northampton, Massa- 
chusetts, May 10, 1819, aged forty-eight. 

Ashmun, Georf/e.— Born in Brand- 
ford, Massachusetts, December 25, 1804 ; 
graduated at Yale College in 1823 ; stud- 
ied law and settled in Springfield in 1828. 
He served in the State Legislature during 



22 



BIOGBAPHIOAL BECOBDS. 



the years 1833, 1835, 1836, 1838, and 1841, 
officiating as Speaker of the House in the 
latter year. He was a Eepresentative in 
Congress from 1845 to 1851, and was a 
member of the Committees on the Judi- 
ciary, Indian Affairs, and on Rules. Since 
that time he has been devoted to tlie prac- 
tice of his profession. In 1860 he was 
elected President of the Chicago Conven- 
tion, convened to nominate a President 
and Vice-President, and was subsequently 
appointed a Director of the Union Pacitic 
Railroad. In 1866 he was chosen a Dele- 
gate to the Philadelphia " National Union 
Convention," but did not take part in its 
pxoceedings. 

Atchison, David M, — He was born 
in Frogtown, Fayette County, Kentucky, 
August 11, 1807; was educated for the 
bar; and removed to Missouri in 1830. 
He was elected to the Legislature of that 
State in 1834, and 1888. In 1841 he was 
appointed Judge of the Platte County 
Circuit Court; and, during the year 1843 
AVas appointed a Senator of Congress, to 
which position he was twice elected, serv- 
ing until 1855, frequently at the head of 
important committees, and for several 
sessions as President i)ro tempore of the 
Senate. He was subsequently devoted to 
agricultural pursuits. 

Athertoft, Charles 6?.— He was 
born in Amherst, Hillsborough County, 
New Hampshire, July 4, 1804 ; graduated 
at Cambridge in 1822; studied law, but 
engaged in politics when quite young. 
He was for many years in the Legislature 
of New Hampshire, and for three years 
Speaker of the House. He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from 1837 to 1843 ; 
a Senator in Congress from 1843 to 1849 ; 
and in November, 1852, he was re-elected 
a Senator to fill a vacancy, and died of 
apoplexy in Manchester, New Hampshire, 
November 15, 1853. He was Chairman, 
in the Senate, of the Committee on Fi- 
nance, and was identified with a measure 
on the Supression of Petitions in regard 
to the subject of Slavery. 

AfJierfon, Charles JET. — He was 

born in Amherst, New Hampshire, Au- 
gust, 14, 1773, and graduated at Harvard 
College in 1794. He held the office of 
Register of Probate from 1798 to 1807; 
was a Representative in Congress from 
1815 to 1817; and stood at the head of the 
bar in Hillsborough County for many 
years. He died in Amherst, January 8, 
1853. 

Atkins, John D. C— He was born 
in Henry County, Tennessee, on the 4th 
of June, 1825; graduated at the University 
of East Tennessee in 1846; was elected to 
the lower branch of the Legislature in 
1849 and 1851 ; was elected to the State 
Senate in 1855 ; was a Presidential Elector 



in 1856; and was elected aRepi'esentative 
in Cougress, from Tennessee, in 1857, and 
was a member of the Committee on Post 
Office and Post Roads. 

Atkinson, Archibald.— Bom in Isle 
of Wight County, Viriginia, September 
13, 1792. He left school at the age of 
eighteen, and entered the office of the 
Clerk of the County Court, and performed 
the duties of copyist, devoting his leisure 
time to the study of law, which he com- 
pleted at the Law School of William and 
Mary College. In 1813 he joined the 
troops at Norfolk, as ensign of a volun- 
teer company which was attached to the 
29th Regiment, and was at the battle of 
Craney Island. Upon leaving the army 
he commenced the practice of law in 
Smithfleld, and was a member of the Gen- 
eral Assembly from 1815 to 1817, and also 
of the House of Delegates and State Sen- 
ate for several years. In 1843 he was 
elected a Representative in Congress 
from Virginia, and served until 1848, and 
was a member of the Committees on 
Naval Affairs and Commerce. He was 
Pi'osecuting Attorney for his county 
twenty years, Mayor of Smithfleld, and 
a magisti-ate. 

At Lee, Samuel John. — Was a 

Delegate, from Pennsylvania, to the Con- 
tinental Congress, from 1778 to 1782. 

Austin, Archibald. — He was a 

Representative in Congress, from Vir- 
ginia, from 1817 to 1819. 

Averett, Thomas H. — He was born 

in Virginia; was a resident of Halifax 
County, and elected a Representative ia 
Congress, from the Third District in that 
State, from 1849 to 1853, and was a mem- 
ber of the Committees on Invalid Pen- 
sions, and on Revisal, and Unfinished 
Business. 

Avery, Daniel.— Hq was elected a 
Representative in Congress, from New 
York, fi'ora 1811 to 1815, and again from, 
1816 to 1817. Resided in Cayuga County, 

Avery, William T.— Born in Maury 
County, Tennessee, November 11, 1819, 
and was very early in life thrown upon 
his own resources for education and sup- 
port; he is a lawyer by profession ; and 
was elected to the Legislature of Tennes- 
see in 1843. He held several creditable 
positions in his native State, and was 
chosen a Representative to the Thirty- 
fifth Congress, serving as a member of 
the Committees on Expenditures in the 
State Department, and on Private Land 
Claims. Re-elected to the Thirty-sixth 
Congress, serving on the Committee ou 
Private Laud Claims. 

Axtell, Samuel JB.— Born in Frank* 



BIOGBAPHICAL BECOBDS. 



23 



lin County, Ohio, October 14, 1819 ; was a 
student at the Western Reserve College ; 
studied and practised law ; emigratecT to 
Calil'ornia in 1851, and was elected a 
Kepresentative from that State to the 
Fortieth Congress, serving on the Com- 
mittees on Commerce and Weights and 
Measures. 

Aycrigg, John B.—lle was born in 
New York, and was elected a Representa- 
tive in Congress, from New Jersey, from 
1837 to 1839, and again from 184:1 to 1843, 
and was a member of the Committee on 
Expenditures in the Treasury Depart- 
ment, and the Joint Committee on the 
Library, and on Invalid Pensions. In 
1844 he was also a Presidential Elector; 
and he was a candidate for election to the 
Twenty-sixth Congress, and although he 
came with the "Broad Seal" of Nevv Jer- 
sey, he was not admitted. 

Babbitt, ElijaTi. — Bovu in Provi- 
dence, Rhode Island, in 1796 ; received a 
common-school and academic education, 
in the States of New York and Pennsyl- 
vania; studied law in the latter State, 
and was admitted to the bar in 1824 ; was 
Prosecuting Attorney for the State in 
1833; served in the State Legislature in 
183(; and 1837; was a State Senator in 
1844 and 1845 ; and was elected a Repre- 
sentative, from Pennsylvania, to the 
Thirty-sixth Congress, serving as a mem- 
ber of the Committee on Revolutionary 
Pensions. Re-elected to the Thirty- 
seventh Congress. 

BabcocJc, Alfred. — He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from New York, 
from 1841 to 1843, serving on the Com- 
mittee on Revolutionary Pensions. 

BahcocJc, Leander. — He was born 
in New York, and was a Representative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1851 to 
1853. 

Babcocic, Wllllain. — He was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from New York, 
from 1831 to 1833, serving on the Com- 
mittee on Public Accounts. 

Bacon, EzeMel. — He was born in 

Stockbridge, Massachusetts, in 1776; 
graduated at Yale College in 1804; the 
son of Joim Bacon; was a member of the 
State Legislature in 1805 and 1806; Chief 
Justice of the Court of Common Pleas for 
the Western District of Massachusetts, in 
1813; First Comptroller of the United 
States Treasury from 1813 to 1815; and a 
Representative in Congress, from Massa- 
chusetts, from 1807 to 1813. He subse- 
quently removed to Utica, New York, and 
was a Delegate to the Constitutional Con- 
vention of 1821. 

Bacon, John, — He was born in Can- 



terbury, Connecticut, in 1737; graduated 
at the College of New Jersey in 17G5; 
studied theology, and, after preaching for 
a time in Maryland, removed to Massa- 
chusetts, and settled in Boston. Owing 
to some difficulties with his congrogatioiT, 
he relinquished the ministry, and subse- 
quently held the positions of magistrate. 
Representative in the State Legislature, 
Presiding Judge of the Court of Common 
Pleas, a member and President of the 
State Senate, and that of Representative 
in Congress, from Massachusetts, from 
1801 to 1803. He died in Berkshire Coun- 
ty, October 25, 1820. 

Badger, George E. — Born in the 
town of Newbern, North Carolina, in 
1795. He graduated at Yale College in 
1813 ; studied and practised law ; and was 
elected to the Legislature in 1816. In 
1820 he was elected a Judge of the Su- 
preme Court, which he resigned in 1825. 
He was appointed Secretary of the Navy 
bv President Harrison in 1841; and was 
elected a Senator in Congress in 1846, 
and re-elected in 1849 for a term of six 
j'ears, serving on the Committees on Mili- 
tary and Naval Afl'airs. He was subse- 
quently wholly devoted to the practice of 
his profession, visiting Washington oc- 
casionally to argue cashes in the Supreme 
Court of the United States. Died at 
Raleigh, North Carolina, May 11, 18G6. 

Badger, Luther. — Born in Part- 

ridgelleld, Berkshire County, Massachu- 
setts, April 10, 1785, but his father re- 
moved to Broome County, New York, In 
1786. Having made sufficient acquaint- 
ance in the common branches of an 
English education, he entered Hamilton 
College at the age of nineteen, and spent 
two years there. In 1807 he commenced 
the study of law, and was admitted to the 
bar in 1812, and continued to practise his 
profession until 1824, when he was elect- 
ed a Representative to the Nineteenth 
Congress. He had been engaged in mili- 
tary services in liis State, and in 1819 was 
appointed, by Governor Clinton, Judge- 
Advocate for the 27th Brigade of Intantry 
of New York State, which office he held 
for eigiit years. In 1832 he resumed the 
practice of law, and in 1840 was appoint- 
ed Examiner in Chancery and Connnis- 
sioner of United States Loans, which 
office he held for three years. From 1846 
to 1849 he was United States District At- 
torney for New York. 

Baer, George. — He was a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from Maryland, from 
1797 to 1801, and again from l'815 to 1817. 

Bagby, Arthur J*.— He was born in 
Virginia, in 1794; was liberally educated; 
adopted the profession of law, and settled 
in Alabama in 1818; was elected a mem- 
ber of the Legislature in 1820 and 1822, 



24 



BIOGBAPIIICAL BEGOBDS. 



and was Speaker of the Honse; was Gov- 
ernor of Alabama from 1837 to 1843 ; and 
a Senator in Congress, from that State, 
from 1842 to 1849. His last public posi- 
tion was that of Minister to Russia, to 
wliich he was appointed in 1848. He died 
of yellow fever, at Mobile', September 21, 
1858. 

Bailey, Alexander M. — Born in 

Minisiak, Orange County, New York, 
August 14, 1817; graduated at Princeton 
College in 1838; studied and practised 
law; in 1840, 1841, and 1842 he was Ex- 
aminer in Chancery for Green County; 
w_as a Justice of the Peace at Catskill for 
four years; was a member of the State 
Assembly in 1849 ; was Judge of Greene 
County for four years from 1851 ; was a 
member of the State Senate from 1861 to 
•18G4; and was elected a Representative 
from New York to the Fortieth Congress, 
in the place of Roscoe Conkling, resigned, 
serving on the Committees on Private 
Land Claims and Expenditures in the In- 
terior Department. 

Bailey, David J. — He was born in 
Georgia, and was a Representative in Con- 
gi'ess, from that State, from 1851 to 1855. 

Bailey, Goldsinith F. — Born in 

"Westmoreland, New Hampshire, July 17, 
1823; finished his schooling at the age of 
sixteen; became a printer and edited a 
country paper; studied law, and was ad- 
mitted to the bar in 1848 ; in 1856 he was 
elected to the Legislature of Massachu- 
setts ; in 1858 and 1860, to the Senate of 
the State; and was elected a Representa- 
tive, from Massachusetts, to the Thirty- 
seventh Congress. His health was im- 
paired when he took his seat in Congress, 
and he died at Fitchburg, Massachusetts, 
May 8, 1862. 

Bailey, tferemiah. — He was born 

at Little Corapton, Rhode Island ; gradu- 
ated at Brown University, and studied 
law. He was a member of the Maine 
Legislature from 1811 to 1814; a Judge 
of Probate from 1814 to 1835 ; and a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from Lincoln 
County, Maine, from 1835 to 1837, serving 
on the Committees on Agriculture and 
J5xpenditures in the Post Office Depart- 
ment. He was also Collector of Cus- 
toms at Wiscasset, from 1849 to 1853; 

and died in July of that year. 

• 

Bailey, John. — He was born in Nor- 
folk County, Massachusetts ; was a mem- 
ber of the Massachusetts Legislature 
from 1815 to 1818; a clerk in the Depart- 
ment of State for a year; a State Senator 
in 1831 and 1834; and a Representative in 
Congress, from Massachusetts, from 1823 
to 1831, serving on the Committees on 
Public Expenditures and Expenditures in 



the State Department; and died at Dor- 
chester, Massachusetts, June 26, 1835. 

Bailey, Theodorus. — He was born 

in 1752 : was a Representative in Congress, 
from New York, from 1793 to 1797, and 
again from 1799 to 1803 ; and a Senator in 
Congress, from 1803 to 1804, when he re- 
signed, and was appointed Postmaster of 
New York City. He died September 6, 
1828. 

Baily, tToseph. — He was born on 
the Brandywine battle-ground, Chester 
County, Pennsylvania, March 18, 1810; 
received a limited education through his 
own exertions, on account of the moder- 
ate circumstances of his father, and was 
early apprenticed to a mechanical branch 
of business, which was his first step to 
eminent success. From 1839 to 1845 he 
represented his native county in both 
branches of the Legislature, and from 
185U to 1854 represented Perry County in 
the State Senate. In 1854 he was Treas- 
urer of the State of Pennsylvania, and in 
1860 was elected a Representative from 
Pennsylvania to the Thirty-seventh Con- 
gress, serving on the Committees on Ag- 
riculture and Printing. He was also re- 
elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, 
serving on the same Committees; and he 
was one of the twelve Democrats in Con- 
gress Avho voted for the Constitutional 
Amendment abolishing slavery. 

BaJcer, Caleb. — He was born in 
Providence, Rhode Island; served four 
years in the New York Assembly ; and 
was a Representative in Congress, from 
that State, from 1819 to 1821. 

BaJcer, David J". — He was a Sen- 
ator in Congress, from Illinois, from 1830 
to 1831. 

BaJcer, Edward D. — Was born in 
England, brought to this country when 
a child, and was early left an orphan in 
Philadelphia. His father was a weaver, 
and when a boy he worked at that busi- 
ness himself. He obtained an education 
under many difficulties; first studied for 
the ministry, but soon turned his atten- 
tion to the law, becoming famous as an 
advocate in Illinois, to which State he 
emigrated in his nineteenth year. After 
serving in the Illinois Legislature for two 
years, he I'esigned, and, in 1846, went to 
Mexico as a Colonel of Volunteers, ac- 
quitting himself with credit at Cerro Gor- 
do. He was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from Illinois, from 1849 to 1851; 
after wliich, he took an active part in the 
building of the Panama Railroad ; in 1852 
he settled in San Francisco, devoting 
himself to his profession; he subsequent- 
ly removed to Oregon, which State he 
represented as a Senator in Congress, 



BIOaBAPHICAL BECOBDS. 



25 



taking his seat in March, 1861. At the 
outbreak of the Rebellion, in 1861, he 
raised a body of men in Philadelphia, 
called the California Regiment, and while 
gallantly leading thein in battle at Lees- 
burg, Virginia, against a superior force, 
he was shot from his horse and killed, 
October 21, 1861. 

Baker, Ezra.—Ra was a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from New Jersey, from 
1815 to ISlzi 

Baker, John. — He was a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from Virginia, from 
1811 to 1813. He was a lawyer, and died 
in Shepherdstown, Virginia, August 18, 
1823. 

Baker, tTeJiU.—lle was born in Fay- 
ette County, Kentucky, November 4, 1822; 
received a good education, studied law 
and adopted it as a profession, and was 
elected a Representative from Illinois to 
the Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on 
the Committee on Private Land Claims, 
and as Chairman of the Committee on 
Expenditures in the Post Office Depart- 
ment, and on the Special Committee on 
the Civil Service. Re-elected to the For- 
tieth Congress, serving on the Commit- 
tees on Education and Labor and Freed- 
men's Aflairs. 

Baker, Os)ni/n.~}Ie was born in 

Amiierst, M issaclmsetts, May 18, 1800; 
graduated at Yale College in 1822 ; adopt- 
ed the profession of law; and was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from his native 
State, from 1833 to 1845. He was also a 
member of the Massachusetts Legislature 
in 1833 and 1834; State Councillor in 1853 
and 1851:. 

Baker, Stephen.— Tie was born in 

the City of New York, August 12, 1819; 
at an early age engaged in mercantile 
pursuits, from which he retired, in 18-19, 
to a country seat in Duchess County, New 
York; and was elected a Representative 
from New York to the Thirty-seventh 
Congress, serving on the Committees on 
Roads and Canals and on Patents. 

Baldwin, Abraham. — Was a native 
of Connecticut, and a graduate of Yale 
College in 1772, and from 1775 to 1779 he 
was a tutor in that institution. Hav- 
ing studied law, he settled in Savannah, 
Georgia, and, soon after his arrival there, 
he was cliosen a member of the Legisla- 
ture. He originated the plan of the Uni- 
versity of Georgia, drew up the charter, 
and persuaded the Assembly to adopt it, 
and was for some time its President. He 
was a member of the Continental Con- 
gress from 1785 to 1788, and a member 
of tlie Convention which framed the Con- 
stitution of the United States, which he 
duly signed. From 1789 to 1799 he was a 



Representative in Congress from Georgia, 
and from 1799 to 1807 he was a member 
of the United States Senate, part of the 
time President pro tern, of the Senate. 
He was one of those who voted for locat- 
ing the Seat of Government on the Poto- 
mac. He died March 4, 1807, aged fifty- 
three years. 

Baldwin, Augustus C. — Was bora 
in Salina, New York, December 24, 1817; 
i-eceived a common-school education, and 
having lost his father when young, be- 
came dependent upon his own efforts for 
support ; in 1837 he emigrated to Michi- 
gan and settled in Oakland County; stud- 
ied law, and at the same time taught 
school, and came to the bar in 1842. In 
1844 and 1846 he was elected to the Legis- 
lature of Michigan ; in 1853 and 1854 was 
Prosecuting Attorne}"- for his adopted 
county; was a Delegate to the Charleston 
and Baltimore Conventions of 1860; and 
in 1862 he was elected a Representative, 
from Michigan, to the Thirty-eighth Con- 
gress, serving on the Committees on 
Agriculture and Expenditures in the In- 
terior Department. Was a Delegate to 
the Chicago Convention in 1864 ; and to 
the Philadelphia "National Union Con- 
vention" of 1866. 

Baldwin, Henry. — He was born in 

New Haven, Connecticut, in 1779; gradu- 
ated at Yale College in 1797 ; and was a 
Representative in Congress, from Penn- 
sylvania, from 1817 to 1822, when he re- 
signed. He was a distinguished lawyer, 
and was for many yeai's Associate Judge 
of the Supreme Court of the United 
States. He died in Philadelphia, April 
21, 1844. 

Baldwin, John. — He was born in 
Windham, Connecticut; and was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from that State, 
from 1825 to 1829, serving on one stand- 
ing and one select committee. 

Baldwin, John J).— Was born in 
North Stonington, Connecticut, Septem- 
ber 28, 1810; graduated at Yale College, 
receiving the degree of A.M. ; read law, 
but never practised ; went through a 
course of theological studies, devoted 
himself to literary pursuits, and published 
a volume entitled '• Raymond Hill and 
other Poems." In 1842 he became asso- 
ciated with the press, first in Hartfoi'd, 
and then in Boston, and was editor of the 
" Daily Commonwealth," a writer for the 
" Advertiser," and subsequently became 
the proprietor of the " Worcester Spy." 
He was a Delegate to the Cliicago Con- 
vention of 1860, and in 1862 he was elect- 
ed a Representative, from Massachusetts, 
to the Thirty-eighth Congress, serving 
on the Committees on Expenditures, on 
Public Buildings, and on Printing; re- 
elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, 



26 



BIOaBAPHICAL BECOBDS. 



serving on the Committees on the Dis- 
trict of Columbia and Expenditures on 
the Public Buildings. He has for many- 
years been particularly devoted to the 
study of ancient history, and is the author 
of a work on that subject, not yet pub- 
lished. He was also a Delegate to the 
Philadelphia " Loyalists' Convention " of 
1866 ; and was re-elected to the Portieth 
Congress, serving as Chairman of the 
Committee on the Library. 

JBaldwin, Hoger Sherman.— Born 

at New Haven, Connecticut, January 4, 
1793; graduated at Yale College in 1811; 
studied law at Litchfield Law School; 
was admitted to the bar in 1814, and 
established himself in practice at New- 
Haven, where he continued to reside. In 
1837 he was elected to the State Senate ; 
re-elected in 1838, and chosen President 
pro tern, of that body, and was a Trustee 
of Yale College in 1888 and 1839. In 1840 
and 1841 he was a Representative in the 
General Assembly, and in the latter year 
was associated with J. Q. Adams in the 
argument before the Supreme Court of 
the United States, in the case of the Afri- 
cans of the Amistad. In 1844 and 1845 he 
was Governor of the State, and in 1847 
was appointed, and in 1848 elected, to the 
United States Senate by the Legislature 
of Connecticut, serving until 1851. He 
subsequently engaged in his profes- 
sional duties. He was also a member of 
the Peace Congress of 1861, and also a 
Presidential Elector in that year, and died 
in New Haven, February 10, 1863. 

Baldwin, Shneon. — Born at Nor- 
wich, Connecticut, December 14, 1761 ; 
graduated at Yale College in 1781. In 
1783 he was appointed tutor at the Col- 
lege, and continued in that station until 
1786, when he was admitted to the bar in 
New Haven, and commenced the practice 
of law. From 1790 to 1803 he was Clerls 
of the District and Circuit Courts of tlie 
United States; was a Representative in 
Congress, from Connecticut, from 1803 to 
1805, and declined a re-election. In 1806 
he was appointed, by the Legislature, As- 
sociate Judge of the Superior Court and 
of the Supreme Court of Errors, and held 
the office until 1817. In 1822 was chosen 
by the General Assembly one of the Com- 
missioners to locate the Farmington Ca- 
ual, and was made President of that 
Board. In 1826 was elected Mayor of 
New Haven. In 1830 he resigned his 
office as Commissioner. He died in New 
Haven, May 26, 1851. 

Sail, Edward. — He was born in 
Vii'ginia, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from Ohio, from 1853 to 1855, 
and was re-elected to the Thirty-fourth 
Congress. He was subsequentlj' elected 
Sergeant-at-Arms in the House of Repre- 
sentatives. 



Ball, William iee.— Born in Lan- 
caster County, Virginia, and was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from that State, 
from 1817 to 1824. Died in Washington, 
February 28, 1824, aged forty-five years. 

Banister, tfolin. — He was a Delegate 
from Virginia to the Continental Con- 
gress, from 1778 to 1779, and signed the 
Articles of Confederation. 

Banhs, John. — "Was born in Juniata 
County, Pennsylvania, in 1793; was 
brouglit up on his father's farm, but re- 
ceived a classical education ; studied law, 
and came to the bar in 1819, and settled 
in the western part of the State ; was a 
Representative in Congress, from Penn- 
sylvania, from 1831 to 1836, when he 
resigned to accept the appointment of 
President Judge of the Third Judicial 
District of the State ; in 1841 was the 
Whig Candidate for Governor, but failed 
to be elected ; and in 1847 he resigned the 
judgeship and became the State Tl-easurer. 
He was subsequently engaged in the prac- 
tice of his profession, and died at Read- 
ing, on the 3d of April, 1864. 

Banhs, JCmn.— Born in Virginia, and 
was for twenty successive years Speaker 
of the House of Delegates of that State, 
and a Representative in Congress, from 
Virginia, from 1838 to 1842, and was a 
member of the Committee on Claims. He 
was found drowned in a stream in Madi- 
son County, Virginia, February 24, 1842. 

Banks, Nathaniel P. —Born in 

Waltham, Massachusetts, January 30, 
1816, of poor but respectable parents, 
operatives in a factory. He had no ad- 
vantages but those afi"orded by the com- 
mon school, but he became a lover of 
books at an early day. His first venture 
before the public was in the capacity of 
newspaper editor in his native town, and 
he followed the same pursuit at Lowell. 
He studied law, but did not practise to 
any great extent, and in 1848 he was 
elected to the Legislature of Massachu- 
setts, serving in both houses, and officiat- 
ing for a time as Speaker. He was chosen 
President of the Convention held in 1853, 
for revising the Constitution of Massa- 
chusetts, and was soon afterwards elected 
a Representative in Congress, serving 
from 1853 to 1857, when he was elected 
Governor of Massachusetts, by a majority 
of 24,000. During his second term in 
Congress he was elected Speaker of the 
House, after a remarkable contest, and it is 
said that not one of his decisions was 
ever overruled by the House. He was 
elected Governor of Massachusetts, for a 
second term, in 1858, and for a third term 
in 1859. During the Rebellion of 1861- 
'64, he served in the Union army as a Ma- 
jor-Geueral of Volunteers, and saw much 
service in the field ; and in 1865 he was 



BIOGBAPHICAL BEC0BD8. 



27 



elected a Representative, from Massachu- 
setts, to the Thirty-ninth Congress, in 
the place of D. W. Gooch, resigned, serv- 
ing on the Committees on the Death of 
President Lincoln, and Rules, and as 
Chairman of the Committee on Foreign 
Affairs. He was also one of the Repre- 
sentatives designated to attend the funeral 
of General Scott in 1866 ; was a Delegate 
to the Philadelphia "Loyalists' Conven- 
tion " of 1866, and of the " Soldiers' Con- 
vention" held at Pittsburg; and was re- 
elected to the Fortieth Congress. 

Barber, Levi. — He was born in 
Litchfield County, Connecticut, and was a 
Representative in Congress, from Ohio, 
from 1817 to 1819, and again from 1821 to 
1823. 

Barber, Koyes. — He was born in 
Groton, Connecticut, April 28, 1781 ; was 
in early life a merchant, but a lawyer by 
profession ; and was a Representative in 
Congress, from his native State, from 
1821 to 1835, He died at Groton, January 
3, 1845. He was a man of ability, and 
while in Congress accomplished much 
good for his native State, where he was 
universally respected as a man and a 
statesman. 

Barbour, J'ames.—A. native of Vir- 
ginia; was Speaker of the House of Del- 
egates, and Governor of that State ; and 
a Senator in Congress, from 1815 to 1825, 
ofliciatiug as President pro tern, of the 
Senate, as Chairman on the Committees 
on Foreign Relations and the District of 
Columbia, and serving on other important 
committees. He was appointed Secretary 
of War in 1825, and Minister to England 
in 1828. He died in Orange County, Vir- 
ginia, June 8, 1842, aged sixty-six years. 

Barbour, John 5. —Born in Cul- 
pepper County, Virginia, in 1810, and died 
in Culpepper County, Virginia, January 12, 
1855. He was in early life a member of the 
State Legislature ; was from 1823 to 1833 a 
member of Congress from Virginia ; again 
in the State Legislature in 1833-34 ; and 
member of the Constitutional Convention 
in 1829-30. He was a gentleman of much 
ability, and exercised considerable influ- 
ence in the public affairs of his State. 

Barbour, Lucien. — He was born in 
Canton, Connecticut, March 4, 1811; 
graduated at Amherst College in 1837, 
having, while receiving his own educa- 
tion, been a teacher himself; he removed 
to Indiana, studied law, and settled in the 
practice at Indianapolis. He was ap- 
pointed, by President Polk, United States 
District Attorney; acted a number of 
times as arbitrator between the State of 
Indiana and private corporations ; in 1852 
was appointed a Commissioner to prepare 
a code of practice for the State ; and was 



a Representative, from Indiana, in the 
Thirty-fourth Congress ; since which time 
he has been devoted to his profession. 

Barbour, FMlip P.— Born in 1779 ; 
was educated for the law, in the practice 
of which he was successful; he was a 
member of Congress, from Virginia, from 
1814 to 1825; Speaker of the^IIouse of 
Representatives in 1821 ; in 1825 he was 
appointed Judge of the Eastern District 
of Vii'ginia; was again in Congress from 
1827 to 1830, officiating as Chairman of 
the Judiciary Committee; and in 1836 
was appointed by President Jackson an 
Associate Judge of the Supreme Court of 
the United States. He died in Washing- 
ton City, of ossification of the heart, Feb- 
ruary 25, 1841. 

Barclay, David.— Tie was born in 
Pennsylvania, and was a Representative 
in Congress, from his native State, from 
1855 to 1857. 

Bard, David.— Re was a graduate 
of Princeton College in 1773, and a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from Pennsylva- 
nia, from 1795 to 1799, and again from 
1803 to 1815. Died in Virginia in 1815. 

Barker, Abraham A. — Born in 

Lovel, Oxford County, Maine, March 30, 
1816; received a common-school educa- 
tion, and engaged in agricultural pursuits ; 
was early a strenuous advocate of tem- 
perance and anti-slavery; I'emoved to 
Pennsylvania in 1854, and devoted him- 
self to the lumber and mercantile busi- 
ness ; was a Delegate to the Chicago Con- 
vention of 1860, and in 1864 he was elected 
a Representative, from Pennsylvania, to 
the Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the 
Committee on Claims. 

Barker, David.— Tie was a lawyer 
by profession, and was a Representative 
in Congress, from New Hampshire, from 
1827 to 1829, and died in Rochester, New 
Hampshire, April 1, 1834, aged thirty- 
seven years. 

Barker, Joseph. -Tie commenced 
his classical studies at Harvard Univer- 
sity, and graduated at Yale College in 
1771; was an ordained Preacher of the 
Gospel ; and was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from Massachusetts, from 1805 to 
1809. He died in 1815, aged sixty-four 
years. 

Barksdale, William. —Bovn in 

Rutherford County, Tennessee, August 
21, 1821, and pursued a partial course of 
studies at the Nashville University. He 
was a lawyer by profession ; held a com- 
mission in the staff of the 2d Mississippi 
Regiment, in the Mexican war, in 1847; 
was a member of the Mississippi Conven- 
tion called in 1851 to discuss the Compro- 



28 



BIOGBAFHICAL EECOBDS. 



mise measures of 1850; and was elected 
Representative, from Mississippi, in the 
Thirty-third, Thirty-fourth, Thirty-fifth, 
and Thirty-sixtli Congresses; serving as 
a member of the Committee on Foreign 
Affairs. Joined the Great Rebellion iu 
1861, and was killed at the battle of Get- 
tysburg in 18G3. 

Barlotv, Stephen.— Tie was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from Pennsylva- 
nia, from 1827 to 1829, and was a member 
of the Committee on Agriculture. 

Jiarnard, Daniel Dewey.— Tie was 

born in Berlvshire County, Massachusetts, 
in 1797; graduated at Williams College in 
1818; studied law, and was admitted to 
the bar, in New York, in 1821 ; in 1826 
was elected District Attorney for the 
County of Monroe, New York; and was 
a Representative in Congress, from New 
York, from 1827 to 1829, and again from 
1839 to 1845, serving as Chairman of the 
Judiciary Committee. In 1850 he was ap- 
pointed Minister to Prussia. He devoted 
much attention to literary pursuits, and 
the degree of LL.D. was conferred upon 
him by the colleges of Geneva and New 
York. Died at Albany, April 24, 1861. 

Barnard, Isaac J).— He was a Sen- 
ator in Congress, from Pennsylvauia, from 
1827 to 1831, and died at West Chester, 
Pennsylvania, February, 1834. 

Barnes, Demas. — He was born in 
Goriiam township, Ontario County, New 
York, April 4, 1827, received an academi- 
cal aud classical education; spent his boy- 
hood on a farm ; became a clerk in a 
country store; subsequently a merchant, 
and, iu his twenty-second year, he re- 
moved to New York city, where lie fol- 
lowed the drug and medicine business, 
with branch houses in New Orleans and 
Montreal. After serving as a member of 
the Chamber of Commerce, and as Presi- 
dent of several incorporated companies, 
he crossed the American continent in a 
wagon, examining the mineral resources 
of Colorado, Nevada, and California; and 
in 1866 he was elected a Representative 
from New York to the Fortieth Congress, 
serving on the Committees on Banking 
and Currency, aud Education and Labor. 

Barnett, William. — He was elected 
a Representative in Congress, from 
Georgia, from 1812 to 1815, when he was 
appointed one of the Commissioners to 
run the Creek boundary line. 

Barney, John. — He was a son of 

Commodore Joshua Barney, and a mem- 
ber of Congress, from Maryland, from 
1825 to 1827. He died in Washington, 
District of Columbia, January 26, 1857, 
aged seventy-two years. He was known 
iu Washington society for many years as 



an agreeable gentleman; aud he left be- 
hind him an unfinished record of " Per- 
sonal Recollections of Men and Things," 
both in this country and Europe. 

Barnifz, Charles A. — He was a 

Representative in Congress, from Penn- 
sylvania, from 1833 to 1835, and died at 
York, in that State, in March, 1850. 

Barnum, William H. — He waa 

born in Connecticut, September 17, 1818; 
received a common-school education, and 
when eighteen years of age he became 
engaged iu business pursuits, and was for 
many years largely engaged in the pro- 
duction of iron from the ore, and in the 
manufacture of car- wheels. In 1852 he 
was elected to the State Legislature ; was 
a Delegate to the Philadelphia "IJnioa 
National Convention " of 1866 ; and in 
April, 1867, he was elected a Representa- 
tive, from Connecticut, to the Fortieth 
Congress, serving on the Committees on 
Manufactures, aud Roads and Canals. 

Barnwell, Robert. — He was a Rep- 
reseutative in Congress, from South Car- 
olina, 1791 to 1793. 

Barnwell, R. 7F.— He was born in 
South Carolina; graduated at Harvard 
University in 1821 ; studied law, and was 
a Representative in Congress, from South 
Carolina, from 1829 to 1833; was Presi- 
dent of the South Carolina College from 
1835 to 1843, and was a Senator in Con- 
gress, in 1850, by appointment, to fill a 
vacancy caused by the death of Franklin 
H. Elmore. In December, 1860, he was 
appointed one of the Commissioners to 
visit Washington in behalf of South Car- 
olina, and served as a member of the 
"Confederate" Congress. 

Barr, Tliomas tT. — Born in New 

York City in 1812; commenced life by de- 
voting himself to a variety of pursuits ; 
from 1835 to 1842 he held the position of 
a landlord in New Jersey; in 1849 and 

1850 he was an Assistant Alderman 
in the City Councils of New York; in 
1853 he was elected a member of the Sta.te 
Senate ; and he was elected a Representa- 
tive in Congress, from New York, taking 
his seat during the second session of the 
Thirty-fifth Congress, and I'e-elected to 
the Thirty-sixth Congress, serving as a 
member of the Committee on Expenses 
in the State Department. He subse- 
quently held an office in New York con- 
nected with the Custom House. 

Barrere, Nelson. — He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Ohio, from 

1851 to 1853. 

Barrett, J". Richard. — Born iu 
Kentucky, and removing to Missouri was 
elected a Representative from that State 



BIOGBAPHICAL BEC0BD8. 



29 



to the Thirty-Sixth Con2:ress, serving as 
a member of the Committee on Public 
Lauds. 

Barringer, Daniel Zi. — Bora in 

Mecklenburg County, North Carolina, Oc- 
tober 1, 178i3; had a good classical educa- 
tion; studied law, and practised with suc- 
cess in Walie County ; served in the Leg- 
islature of North Carolina in 1813, and 
again from 181'.) to 1822; and was a Repre- 
sentative in Cougress, from North Caro- 
lina, from 1826 to 1835. He was also a 
Presidential Elector in 1844. He subse- 
quently removed to Tennessee, and was 
elected Speaker of the House of Repre- 
sentatives of that State. He died October 
16, 1852. 

Barring er, Daniel Moreau. — 

Was born in Cabarras County, North Car- 
olina, and graduated at the University of 
North Carolina in W2G; he selected tlie 
law as a profession, having commenced to 
practise in 18?9. In that year he was 
elected a me-abor of the State Legisla- 
ture, in which position he continued for a 
number of years. In 1835 he was a mem- 
ber of a Convention to amend the State 
Constitution. He was a Representative 
in Congress, from North Carolina, from 
1843 to 1849, when he was appointed by 
President Taylor Minister to Spain, and 
continued in that mission by President 
Fillmore. On resigning his position as 
minister, after serving four years, he 
travelled extensively in Europe, and, on 
his return home, was elected to the State 
Legislature, and in 1855, having declined 
a le-election, retired to private life, de- 
voting himself to literary studies and 
pursuits. He -was also elected a Delegate 
to the Peace Congress of 1861, and also to 
the Philadelphia "National Union Con- 
vention" of 1866, 

Barrotv, Alexander. — Born in 

Nashville, Tennessee, in 1801, where, 
after completing his education, he was ad- 
mitted to the bar; he soon after removed 
to Louisiana, gave up the practice of law, 
and turned his attention to planting. He 
served a number of years in the Legisla- 
ture of Louisiana, and was a Senator in 
Congress, from Louisiana, from 1841 to 
1846. Died December 29, 1846. 

Barrow, WasJiington.—lIe was a 

native of Tennessee ; a' lawyer by educa- 
tion and profession. In 1841 was ap- 
pointed American Charge d'Affaires to 
Portugal, and was a Representative in 
Cougress, from Tennessee, from 1847 to 
1849, serving on the Committee for the 
District of Columbia. During the Rebel- 
lion he was arrested by the Governor 
of Tennessee for alleged disloyalty ; but 
was soon reieased by order of Pi-esident 
Lincoln. Died at St. Louis, Missouri, 
October 19, 1866. 



Barry, William ,Sf.— He was born 
in Mississippi, and was a Representative 
in Cougress from that State from 1853 to 
1855. Took part in the Rebellion. 

Barry, William T.— He was born 
in Fairfax County, Virginia, March 18, 
1780; and was a Senator in Congress, 
from Kentucky, from 1814 to 1816, having 
previously served in the State Legislature 
as Speaker, and during the years 1810 and 
1811 been a Representative in Congress 
from the same State. He was also a 
member of President Jackson's cabinet, 
as Postmaster-General (the tirst, as such, 
admitted to that honor), and at the time 
of his death, which occurred in Liver- 
pool, England, August 30, 1835, he was 
Minister Plenipotentiary of the United 
States to Spain. 

Bar stow, Gam,aliel H.—Tie was 
Treasurer of the State of New York from 
1825 to 1838; served three years in the 
Assembly of New York; four years in the 
State Senate, and was a Representative; in 
Congress, from that State, from 1831 to 
1833. Died at Nichols, New York, in 
April, 1865, aged eighty years. 

Barstoiv, Gideon. — A native of 
Massachusetts; was a member of both 
branches of the Legislature of that State, 
and a Representative in Congress, from 
1821 to 1823. He died in St. Augustine, 
Florida, where he had gone for his health, 
March 26, 1852, aged sixty-nine years. 

Bartlett, Bailey. — He was Sheriff 
of Essex County, Massachusetts, for 
many years, and a Representative in Con- 
gress, from Massachusetts, from 1797 to 
1801, having succeeded T. Bradbury. 

Bartlett, Ichahod, — He was born in 
Salisbury, Merrimack County, New Hamp- 
shire, in 1786; graduated at Dartmouth 
College in 1808 ; studied law, and settled 
in Portsmouth, where he was eminently 
successful in his profession, and was a 
Representative in Congress, from New 
Hampshire, from 1823 to 1829, serving on 
the Committee on Naval Affairs. He was 
also frequently in the State Legislature, 
and a member of the Convention to re- 
vise the State Constitution. He died in 
Portsmouth, October 19, 1853. 

Bartlett, tTosiah. — Was born in New 
Hampshire in 1768, and died at Stratham, 
in that State, April 14, 1838. He was a 
physician of extensive practice, and a 
Representative in Congress, from New 
Hampshire, from 1811 to 1813; also a 
Presidential Elector in 1792, and 1825. His 
father, bearing the same name, was a man 
of note, and the first Governor of New 
Hampshire after the adoption of the 
Federal Constitution. 



30 



BIOGBAPHICAL BEOOBDS. 



Bartleft, tTosiaJl. — Born in Ames- 
bury, Massachusetts, in NoVeraber, 1727, 
and Jiocl May 19, 1795. He was educated 
for the medical profession ; held commis- 
sions, both military and civil, under the 
royal government; accompanied Stark to 
Bennington as medical agent ; was a Del- 
egate from New Hampshire to tlie Conti- 
nental Cougress from 1775 to 1779, and 
signed the Articles of Confederation ; was 
appointed in the latter year Chief Justice 
of the Court of Common Pleas, Justice of 
the Superior Court in 1784, and Chief Jus- 
tice in 17S8. In 1790 he was appointed 
President of New Hampshire, and elected 
by the people in 1791 and 1792. In 1793 
lie was elected Governor of New Hamp- 
shire under the Constitution, serving two 
years; and he was the President of a 
Medical Society established by his efforts 
in 1791. 

Bartlett, Thoinas, Jr. — He was 

born in Vermont; adopted the profession 
of law ; and was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from that State, from 1S51 to 1853. 
lie served three years in the State Legis- 
lature, both houses; was County Attor- 
ney in 1839 and 1841; and President of 
the State Constitutional Convention of 
1850. 

'Bartley, MordecaL— Tie was born 
in Fayette County, Pennsylvania, and was 
a Representative in Cougress, from Ohio, 
from 1823 to 1831, and Governor of Ohio 
from 1844 to 1846. 

Barton, David. — He was one of the 

first emigrants to the Territory of Mis- 
souri; President of the Convention which 
met to form a State Constitution in 1820; 
was a Senator in Congress, from Mis- 
souri, from 1821 to 1831, serving as Chair- 
man of the Committee on Public Lands ; 
and was a man of distinguished talents. 
Died near Boonville, Missouri, September 
28, 1837. 

Barton, Richard TF".— He was born 
in Virginia, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from ls41 to 
1843. He also served in the State Legis- 
lature, and was the first President of the 
Valley Agricultural Society. Died in 
Frederick County, Virginia, March 15, 
1859. 

Barton, Sa'inuel.—E.e was born in 
New York, served three years in the As- 
sembly of that State, and was a Represent- 
ative in Cougress from 1835 to 1837. 

Bashford, Coles. — Born near Cold 
Spring, Putnam County, New York, Jan- 
uary 24, 1816; educated at the Genesee 
Wesleyan Seminary; studied law, and 
came to the bar in 1842 ; in 1847 elected 
District Attorney for Wayne County; 
resigned his office in 1850, and removed 



to Wisconsin; in 1852 he was chosen to 
the Senate of that State ; vras re-elected, 
but resigned, in 1855; in 1856 he was 
elected Governor of Wisconsin. In 1863 
he removed to Arizona; was Attorney- 
General of that Territory from 1864 to 
1866 ; was a member and also President 
of the Territorial Council; and in 1866 
was elected a Delegate from Arizona to 
the Fortieth Cougress. 

Basset, Richard. — He was a mem- 
ber from Delaware of the Convention 
which formed the Constitution, and signed 
that instrument; was a Presidential 
Elector in 1797, and a Senator in Con- 
gress from* 1789 to 1793, having been the 
first man who cast his vote for locating 
the Seat of Government on the Potomac. 
He was also a Justice of the Federal Su- 
preme Court, Governor of Delaware from 
1798 to 1801, and died in September, 1815. 

Bassett, Burwell. — He was born in 
New Kent County, Virginia, and was a 
Representative in Congress, from that 
State, from 1805 to 1813, from 1815 to 
1819, and from 1821 to 1831. 

Bateinan, Ephraim. — He was born 
in Cumberland, New Jersey; was well 
educated, and adopted the profession of 
medicine ; was a Senator in Congress, 
from that State, from 1826 to 1829, and 
was a member of the Committees on Ag- 
riculture and Enrolled Bills ; having pre- 
viously been a Representative in Con- 
gress, from 1815 to 1823, serving on the 
Committees on the Post Office and Ac- 
counts. He was elected to the Senate by 
his own vote in joint meeting of the 
Legislature, and a Committee of the Sen- 
ate reported that his election was entirely 
legal. Died January21, 1829. 

Bates, Edward. — Was born Sep- 
tember 4, 1793, at Belmont, Goochland 
County, Virginia. His education was 
commenced by his father, and succeeded 
by several years of academic instruction, 
mostly at Charlotte Hall, Maryland, and 
finished by an accomplished private tutor. 
In early youth he declined a midshipman's 
warrant, and served, in 1813, at Norfolk, 
in the Virginia Militia, from February to 
October. In 1814 he migrated to St. 
Louis, there studied law, and began to 
practise in 1816. In 1818 he was appoint- 
ed Prosecuting Attorney for that Circuit ; 
in 1820 was a Delegate to the State Con- 
stitutional Convention, and was the same 
year appointed Attorney-General of the 
new State of Missouri. He resigned that 
office in 1822, and was elected to the lower 
branch of the State Legislature. In 1824 
he was appointed by President Monroe 
United States Attorney for the Missouri 
District; in 1826 resigned, and was 
elected a Representative in Congress 
from Missouri, serving from 1827 to 1829. 



BIOGBAPHICAL EECOBDS. 



31 



In 1830 he was elected to the State 
Senate, and iu 1834 again to the lower 
house of the Legislature. In 1835, being 
enfeebled by sedentary labor, he moved to 
the country, and practised law for seven 
years, ti'avelling much on horseback 
around the prairies. In 1842 he returned 
to St. Louis, and in 1850 he was appointed 
by President Fillmore Secretary of War, 
but declined the office. In 1853 was 
elected Judge of the St. Louis Land 
Court, which office he resigned in 1856. 
Daring that year he presided at the Whig 
Convention of Baltimore, and in 1858 re- 
ceived from Harvard University the de- 
gree of LL.D. In 1861 he was appointed 
Attorney-General in President Lincoln's 
Cabinet. 

Bates, Isaac C. — Born at Granville, 
Massachusetts, in 1780, and graduated at 
Yale College in 1802. He studied law 
and attained a high position as an advo- 
cate. He was frequently in the State 
Legislature and a member of the Execu- 
tive Council; was a Representative in 
Congress from 1827 to 1833, and a Senator 
in Congress from 1841 to 1845, and was 
Chairman of tlie Committee on Pensions. 
In 1837 and 1841 he was also a Presiden- 
tial Elector. He died in Washington City, 
March 16, 1845. 

Bates, James, — He was bred a physi- 
cian ; for some j-ears connected with the 
Insane Hospital at Augusta ; and was a 
Representative in Congress, from Somer- 
set County, Maine, from 1831 to 1833, and 
a member of the Committee on Expendi- 
tures in the Post Office Department. 

Bates, tfames W. — He was born in 
Goochland County, Virginia, and was a 
Delegate to Congress, from the Territory 
of Arkansas, from 1820 to 1823. 

Bates, 3Iartin IF.— He was born in 
Salisbury, Litchfield County, Connecticut, 
February 24, 1787; he received a good 
English education, and became a lawyer 
by profession, having first studied medi- 
cine. He removed to Delaware, and was 
several times elected to the Legislature 
of that State ; and in 1850 was a member 
of the Constitutional Convention of the 
State of Delaware. He took his seat in 
the Thirty-fifth Congress, as a Senator 
from Delaware, serving from 1857 to 1859, 
on the Committees on Pensions and Rev- 
olutionary Pensions. 

Baxter, Partus. — Was born in 
Brownington, Orleans County, Vermont ; 
received a liberal education, adopted the 
occupation of a merchant, and was elected 
a Representative from Vermont to the 
Tliirty-seventh Congress, serving on the 
Committee on Elections; re-elected to 
the Thirty-eighth Congress, and served 
on the same committee, and also on that 



of Expenditures in the Navy Department. 
In 1852 and in 1856 he was a Presidential 
Elector. Re-elected to the Thirty-ninth 
Congress, serving on the Committees on 
Elections and Agriculture. He was also 
a Delegate to the Philadelphia " Loyalists' 
Convention" of 1866. Died in Washing- 
ton, March 4, 1868. 

Bay, William V. K.—E.Q was born 
in New York, and, having become a citi- 
zen of Missouri, was elected a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from 1849 to 1851, 
from that State. 

Bayard, James A. — He was horn 
in Pennsylvania in 1767, and graduated at 
Princeton College. After studying law at 
Philadelphia, he commenced the practice 
in Delaware. In 1796 he was elected a 
Representative in Congress, from Dela- 
ware, serving from 1797 to 1801, when he 
was appointed Minister to France. In 
1804 he was elected to the United States 
Senate, of which body he continued a 
member till he was appointed by Presi- 
dent Madison, in 1813, a Commissioner to 
negotiate a peace with Great Britain. The 
absence of the Emperor from St. Peters- 
Ijurg preventing the transaction of any 
business, he proceeded to Holland. He 
lent his able assistance in the negotiation 
of the treaty of peace at Ghent. At Paris 
he was apprised of his appointment as 
Envoy to the Court of St. Petersburg; 
this he declined. He tendered, however, 
his co-operation in forming a commercial 
treaty with Great Britain ; but aa alarm- 
ing illness compelled him to return to the 
United States. He arrived in June, and 
died August 6, 1815. 

Bayard, James A. — He was a na- 
tive of Delaware, a graduate of Princeton 
College, and a Senator in Congress, from 
Delaware, from 1851 to 1864, and was 
Chairman of the Committee on the Judi- 
ciary, and a member of the Committees 
on the Libi-ary and on Public Grounds. 
In 1863 he was re-elected for his third 
term, but resigned in January, 1864. He 
was the son of the Senator bearing the 
same name, and a brother of Richard H. 
Bayard. In April, 1867, he was appointed 
to a seat in the Senate in the place of 
George R. Riddle, deceased. 

Bayard, John.— He was a Delegate 
from Pennsylvania to the Con tinental Con- 
gress from 1785 to 1787. 

Bayard, Biehard EC, — He was born 
in Wilmington, Delaware, in 1796 ; gradu- 
ated at Princeton College in 1814, was 
bred to the law, and was a Senator in 
Congress, from Delaware, from 1836 to 
1839, and again from 1841 to 1845. He 
was subsequently appointed Charge d' Af- 
faires, in 1850, to Belirium. Died in Phila- 
delphia, March 4, 1868. 



32 



BIOGRAPHICAL BECOBDS. 



Bai/ley, Thomas.— Vie was born in 
Somerset County, Maryland; graduated 
at Princeton College in" 1794, aud was a 
Representative in Congress, from that 
State, from 1817 to 1823. 

Baylejf, Thomas ilf.— Born in Vir- 
ginia in 1775 ; entered public life in 1798, 
and continued therein until 1830; served 
in both branches of the State Legislature, 
and was a member of the State Constitu- 
titional Convention of 1830; having been 
a Representative in Congress, from Vir- 
ginia, from 1813 to 1815.^ It was said of 
him that he never lost an election. Died 
in Accomac County in 1831:. 

Baylies, Francis.— Born in Bristol 
County, Massachusetts, in 1784; was 
Register of Probate in Bristol County, 
Massacliusetts, from 1812 to 1820; a mem- 
ber of the State Legislature from 1827 to 
1832, and also in 1835 ; was a Representa- 
tive in Congress, from Massachusetts, 
from 1821 to 1827, and in 1832 was ap- 
pointed" Charge d'Affaires to Buenos 
Ayres, and died October 28, 1852. He 
was the author of "A History of the 
Plymouth Colony." 

Baylies, William. — He graduated at 
Harvard College in 1760; was a member 
of the Provincial Congress in 1775 ; often 
a member of the Massachusetts State 
Council ; served many years in the State 
Legislature; was a Presidential Elector 
in 1801; and a Representative in Congress, 
from Massachusetts, from 1805 to 1809, 
when his seat was successfully contested 
by Charles Turner. He died at Dighton, 
Massachusetts, June 17, 1826, aged eighty- 
two years. 

Baylies, William. — He was born in 
Dighton, Massachusetts, September 15, 
1776; graduated at Brown University in 
1795, studied law, and came to the bar in 
1709. He held a number of local offices, 
served in the State Legislature in 1830 
and 1831, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from Massachusetts, from 1813 
to 1817, and again from 1833 to 1835, 
serving on important committees. Died 
in Taunton, Massachusetts, September 
27, 1865. His father, bearing the same 
name, was also in Congress. 

Baylor, M. E. JB.— He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Alabama, from 
1829 to 1831. 

Bayly, Thomas Henry.— Born in 

Accomac County, Virginia, iii 1810; grad- 
uated at the University of Virginia, and 
came to the bar in 1830. At the age of 
twenty- six he was chosen a member of the 
General Assembly of Virginia, and was 
re-elected for five years in succession. 
While a member of the Legislature, he 



was elected by that body a Brigadier-Gen- 
eral of the Militia of Eastern Virginia. 
He resigned his seat, and was elected 
Judge of the Circuit Superior Court of 
Law. In 1844 he resigned his seat on the 
bench, and was elected to the House of 
Representatives, from the Accomac Dis- 
trict, and continued, by successive elec- 
tions, a member of the House for twelve 
years, until the time of his death ; during 
the Thirty-first Congress officiating as 
Chairman of the Committee of Ways and 
Means. He lived and died on the same 
spot where his ancestors from England 
landed in 1666, and where they established 
the family home. He commanded the same 
brigade which his grandfather had com- 
manded, and he held the same seat in the 
General Assembly of his State and in the 
House of Representatives which his father 
had occupied before him. He died June 
22, 1856, aged forty-five years. 

Beale, Charles L. — Born in Canaan, 
Columbia County, New York, March 5, 
1824; was prepared for college by a pri- 
vate tutor, and graduated at Union Col- 
lege in 1844; studied law at Kinderhook, 
and was admitted to the bar in 1849 ; was 
for several years a member of the Repub- 
lican State Centi'al Committee of New 
York; and in 1858 was elected a Repre- 
sentative to the Thirty-sixth Congress 
from New York, serving as a member of 
the Committee on Public Buildings and 
Grounds. In 1864 he was a Presidential 
Elector, and was a Delegate to the Phila- 
delphia " National Union Convention" of. 
1866, and also to the " State Republican 
Convention " of 1867. 

Beale, James M. JBT.— He was born 
in Virginia, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1833 to 
1837, and for two other terms, from 1849 
to 1^53. 

Beale, It. L. T. — Born at Hickory 
Hill, Westmoreland County, Virginia, May 
22, 1819 ; his education was obtained chiefly 
at Northumberland Academy, spending a 
short time at Dickinson College, Pennsyl- 
vania. In 1836 he commenced the study 
of law, and graduated at the University 
of Virginia, as a student of tliat profes- 
sion, in 1838, and was licensed to practise 
in 1839. In 1847 he was elected a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, and was a member 
of the Committee on the Militia. He de- 
clined a re-election at the expiration of 
his term. In 1850 he was a member 
of the Reform Convention of Virginia, 
and in 1857 was elected to the State 
Senate. 

Beall, Bezin.—He was an officer in 
Wayne's army, with Harrison and Van 
Rensselaer; occupied various public sta- 
tions in Ohio, and was a member of Con- 



BIOGBAPHICAL BECOBDS. 



33 



gress, from that State, from 1813 to 1815, 
and died at Wooster, Ohio, February 20, 
1843, aged seventy- three years. 

Beaman, Fernando C— He was 

born in Chester, Windsor County, Ver- 
mont, June 28, 1814; removed with his 
father to New Yorl? when a boy, and left 
an orphan at the age of fifteen ; received 
a good English education at the Eranlvlin 
County Academy; studied law in Roches- 
ter; removed to Michigan in 1838, and 
commenced the practice of his profession; 
was for sis years Prosecuting Attorney 
for Lenawee County ; was Judge of Pro- 
bate for four years ; was a Presidential 
Elector in 1856 ; and in 1860 was elected a 
Eepreseulative, from Michigan, to tlie 
Thirty-seventh Congress, serving on the 
Committee on Roads and Canals. Re- 
elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, and 
served on the same Committee, and also 
on that on Territories. Re-elected to the 
Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the 
Committees on Territories, the Death of 
President Lincoln, and Frauds on the Rev- 
enue, and as Chairman of that on Roads 
and. Canals. He was also a Delegate to 
the Philadelphia "Loyalists' Convention" 
of 1866; and re-elected to the Fortieth 
Congress, serving on the Committees on 
Reconstruction and Appropriations. 

Bean, Benning M.—He was born in 
New Hampshire, in 1782; occupied a seat 
in the State Legislature for five years, and 
was President of the Senate in 1832 ; was 
a State Councillor in 1829 ; and a Repre- 
sentative in Confj:ress, from 1833 to 1837, 
sei'ving as a member of the Committee on 
Agriculture. Died at Moultonborough, 
New Hampshire, February 9, 1866. 

Bearsley, Samuel.— H.e was born in 

Otsego County, New York; studied and 
adopted the pi'ofession of law ; settled at 
Rome, Oneida County, and was District 
Attorney of the same ; also held the post 
of Attorney-General of the State ; was a 
Representative in Congress, from Oneida 
County, New York, to the Twenty-second, 
Twenty-third, and a part of the Twenty- 
fourth, and Twenty-eighth Congresses, and 
was Chairman of the Committee on the Ju- 
diciary. He also held the offices of State 
Senator in 1823, and those of Assistant 
Justice and Chief Justice of the Supreme 
Court of the State, and the Federal ap- 
pointment of United States District Attor- 
ney for New York. Died at Utica, New 
York, May 6, 1860. 

Beatty, John. —Tie graduated at 
Princeton College, in 1769, and studied 
medicine; was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from New Jersey, from 1793 to 1795, 
having been a Delegate to the Continental 
Congress, from 1783 to 1785. He died at 
Trenton, April 30, 1826, aged seventy-seven 
years. 

3 



Beatty, tToTin. — He was born in San- 
dusky City, Ohio, in 1828; received a good 
English education ; engaged in the banli- 
ing business at Cardington; was a Presi- 
dential Elector in 1860; at the beginning 
of the Rebellion he entered the Third Ohio 
Infantry as a private ; but was at once 
elected Captain, soon promoted to the 
rank of Lieut. Colonel, and as such par- 
ticipated in several of the battles in West 
Virginia; as Colonel he took a conspicu- 
ous part in the campaigns of Kentucliy, 
Tennessee, and Alabama; headed his regi- 
ment at the battle of Perrysvllle ; he com- 
manded a brigade at Murfreesboro', where 
he had two hoi'ses killed under him ; and 
as a Brigadier-General he commenced the 
fighting at Chickamauga; and in 1864, for 
private reasons, he retired from tlie army. 
In January, 1868, he was elected a Repre- 
sentative from Ohio, to the Fortieth Con- 
gress, for the unexpired term of C. S. 
Hamilton, unfortunately l?illed by his in- 
sane son. He was a member of the Com- 
mittee on Invalid Pensions. 

Beatty, 3Iartin. — He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Kentucky 
from 1833 to 1835. 

Beatty, William. — He was born in 
Ireland, and was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from Pennsylvania,from 1837 to 1841. 

Beaumont, Andrew.— He was born 
in Pennsylvania, and was a Representative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1833 to 
1837, and died at Wilkesbarre, Pennsylva- 
nia, October 30, 1853. 

Beck, James B. — He was born in 
Dumfriesshire, Scotland, February 13, 
1822; received a good classical educa- 
tion; emigrated to this country when six- 
teen years of age ; graduated at Transyl- 
vania University, Kentucky, in 1846; 
subsequently devoted his wliole attention 
to the practice of law ; and in 1867 he was 
elected a Representative from Kentucky 
to the Fortieth Congress, serving on the 
Committee on Reconstruction. 

Bedford, Gunning. — He was a Rev- 
olutionary Patriot; was a Delegate from 
Delaware to the Continental Congress from 
1783 to 1787 ; was a member of the Con- 
vention that formed the Constitution and 
signed that instrument ; was chosen Gov- 
ernor of Delaware in 1796 ; was afterwards 
appointed District Judge of the Court of 
the United States. He was a graduate of 
Princeton College in 1771, and died in 1797. 

Bedinger, George M. — He was an 

officer in the Revolutionary war, having 
served as Adjutant in the expedition 
against Chillicothe, in 1779, and as a Major 
at the battle of Blue Licks, in 1782; he 
was one of the earliest emigrants into the 
State of Kentucky ; was a member of the 



34 



BIOaBAPIIlOAL BECOBDS. 



Kentncky Legislature in 1792, and a Rep- 
resentative in Congress from 1803 to 1807. 
He spent the close of his life in retire- 
ment, and died at an advanced age. 

Bedinger, Henry, — He vpas born in 
Virginia; received a classical education; 
adopted the profession of law; and was a 
Eepresentative in Congress, from Virginia, 
from 1845 to 1849, where he was distin- 
guished for his eloquence as a debater. In 
1853 he was appointed Charge d'Affaires 
to Denmark, and returned home in the 
autumn of 1858. He died of pneumonia, 
at Shepherdstown, Virginia, November 
26, 1858. During his residence in Den- 
marlc he was successful in bringing about 
the treaty abolishing the Sound Dues. 

Bee, Thomas. — He was a Delegate 
from South Carolina to the Continental 
Congress from 1780 to 1782. 

Beecher, Philemon. — Born in New 
Haven, Connecticut; he was an able law- 
yer, and one of the early settlers of Ohio, 
to which he emigrated from Connecticut. 
He was a Representative in Congress, from 
Ohio, from 1817 to 1821, serving as a mem- 
ber of the Committee on the Judiciary, and 
re-elected from 1823 to 1829. He died at 
Lancaster, Ohio, November 30, 1839, aged 
sixty-four years. 

Beelcman, Thotnas.—lla was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from New York, 
from 1829 to 1831. 

Beers, Cyrus. — He was elected, in 
1838, a Representative, from New York, 
to the Twenty-fifth Congress, for the un- 
expired term of Andrew D. W. Bruyn, de- 
ceased. 

Beeson, Henry W. — He was born in 
Pennsylvania, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1841 to 1843. 

Belcher, Ifiram. — Born in Augusta, 
Maine; educated at Hallowell Academy; 
studied law, and admitted to the bar in 
1812 ; was for four or five years a member 
of the Maine Legislature; and was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from that State, 
from 1847 to 1848. Died May 7, 1857, aged 
sixty-seven years. 

Belcher, Nathan. — Born in Gris- 
wold, Connecticut, June 23, 1813; gradu- 
ated at Amherr-t College in 1832; studied 
law with Samuel Ingham, of Essex, and at 
the Cambridge Law School; was admitted 
to the bar in 1836, and practised at Clin- 
ton, Connecticut, until 1841, when he re- 
moved to New London, relinquished the 
practice of law, and engaged in manufac- 
turing. He was a member of the House 
of Representatives of Connecticut in 1846 
and 1847, and of the State Senate in 1850 ; 
was a Presidential Elector in 1852 ; and a 



Representative in Congress from 1853 to 

1855. 

Belden, George O, — He was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from New York, 
from 1827 to 1829. 

Bell, Hiram.— Re was born in Ver- 
mont, and was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from Ohio, from 1852 to 1853. 

Bell, J'ames. — Born November 13, 
1804, in Francistown, Hillsborough Coun- 
ty, New Hampsliire; graduated at Bow- 
doin College in 1822; studied law and 
completed liis course at Litchfield ; was 
admitted to the bar in 1825, and com- 
menced to practise at Gilmanton ; removed 
to Exeter, and thence to Gilford ; and for 
many years held a distinguished rank in 
his profession. In 1846 he was elected to 
the Legislature, and was a member of the 
Constitutional Convention of the State in 
1850. He was elected United States Sen- 
ator, in June, 1855, for six years ; and died 
in Laconia, New Hampsliire, May 26, 1857, 
whither he had gone from Washington, to 
recruit his health. 

Bell, J'ames 31. — He was born in 
Ohio, and was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from that State, from 1833 to 1835. 

Bell, (John. — He was born near Nash- 
ville, Tennessee, February 15, 1797. He 
commenced his studies at Cumbei'land Col- 
lege, now the Nashville University, and 
graduated at the latter in 1814 ; he studied 
law, and was admitted to the bar in 1816. 
In 1817 he was elected to the State Senate ; 
declined a re-election, and devoted the 
next ten years of his life wholly to his pro- 
fession; in 1827 he was elected a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, and continued to be 
re-elected until 1841, officiating during one 
term as Speaker; in 1841 he accepted a 
seat in President Harrison's cabinet as 
Secretary of War, which post he resigned 
in five months after the accession of Presi- 
dent Tyler ; in 1847 he accepted a seat in 
the House of Representatives of Tennes- 
see, but before the close of the year he 
was elected to the United States Senate, 
aiid was re-elected in 1852, serving, from 
time to time, as Chairman of important 
committees until the close of the Thirty- 
fifth Congress. In May, 1860, he received 
from the Union party the nomination for 
President of the United States, but was 
defeated. 

Bell, John. — He was a Eepresentative 
in Congress, from Ohio, from 1850 to 1851. 

Bell, Joshua F. — He was born in 
Kentucky, and elected a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1845 to 
1847, serving as a member of the Commit- 
tee on Invalid Pensions, and declined a re- 
election. He is a lawyer, and distinguished 



BIOGBAPIIICAL BECOBDS. 



35 



in the West as an oratoi-. He was also a 
member of the Peace " Convention ol'1861." 

Bell, Peter JET.— He was born in Vir- 
ginia, and was a Kepresentative in Con- 
gress, from Texas, from 1853 to 1857. He 
was also Governor of that State from 1849 
to 1853, and subsequently Judge of the 
Supreme Court of that State. 

Bell, Samuel. — Bovn in 1769, and 
died at Chestei-, New Ilainpsliire, Decem- 
ber 23, 1850. He was a graduate of Dart- 
mouth College in nj'3; a Judge of the Su- 
preme Court of New Hampshire from 1816 
to 1819; Governor of the State from 1819 
to 1823 ; and a Senator in Congress from 
1823 to 1835, serving as a member of the 
Committees on Foreign Afl'airs and Claims, 
and otliciating as Chairman of the latter 
during the Twenty-third Congress. 

Bellinger, Joseph.— lie was a Pres- 
idential Elector in 1809 ; and a Represen- 
taiive in Congress, from South Carolina, 
from 1817 to 1819. 

Belser, tTa^nes E.—B.e was born in 
South Carolina, and was a Representative 
in Congress, from Alabama, from 1843 to 
1845. Died at Montgomery, Alabama, 
January 16, 1859. 

Benjamin, John I^.— Born in the 

town of Cicero, Onondaga County, New 
Yorli, January 23, 1817; received a com- 
mon-school education; spent three years 
in Texas, and in 1848 settled in Missouri, 
in the practice of the law. In 1851 and 
1852 he was a member of the Missouri 
Legislature ; in 1856 he was a Presidential 
Elector; in 1861 he entered as a private in 
the Missouri Cavalry ; in January, 1862, he 
was commissioned a Captain; in May, of 
the same year, a Mojor; in September fol- 
lowing a Lieutenant-Colonel, which posi- 
tion he resigned on being appointed Pro- 
vost-Marshal for the Eighth District of his 
State. He was also a Delegate to the Bal- 
timore Convention of 1864, and was elected 
a Representative from Missouri to the 
Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the 
Committees on Invalid Pensions and Ex- 
penditures in the Interior Department. 
Re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, serv- 
ing on the Committee on Retrenchment. 

Benjainin, Judah IP. — Was a Pres- 
idential Elector in 1849 ; a lawyer by pro- 
fession ; and was elected a Senator in Con- 
gress, from Louisiana, to serve from 1853 
to 1859, serving as Cliairman of the Com- 
mittee on Private Land Claims, and as a 
member of the Committees on the Judi- 
ciary and on Commerce. In 1859 was re- 
elected for a term of six years, but was 
expelled March 14, 1861. He is of Hebrew 
descent. He became identified with the 
Rebellion of 1861, and was Attorney-Gen- 



eral of the so-called *' Southern Confed- 
eracy." 

Bennet, Benjamin, — Born in 1762; 
was a Baptist mmister, and a Representa- 
tive in Congress, from New Jersey, from 
1815 to 1819. He died at Middletovvn, New 
Jersey, October 8, 1840. 

Bennett, Senry.—Re was born in 

New Lisboa, Otsego County, New York, 
September 29, 1808 ; studied law, and was 
admitted to the bar in 1832; and having 
been elected to Congress as a Representa- 
tive from that State in 1848, has continued 
to be re-elected, so that at the end of the 
Thirty-fifth Congress he had served in 
tliat capacit.y, continuously, the period of 
ten years. During the Thirty-fourth Con- 
gress he was Chairman of the Committee 
on Public Lands, and reported a number 
of important bills for the benefit of the 
Western States, and during the Thirty- 
fifth Congress he served as a member of 
the same committee. 

Bennett, Hiram JP. — Was born in 
Carthage, Maine, September 2, 1826; re- 
ceived a common-school education i n Ohio ; 
in 1852 lie was elected to a Judgeship in 
Western Iowa; moved to Nebraska Ter- 
ritory in 1854, and was at once elected a 
memberof the Territorial Council; in 1858 
he was re-elected to tlie Nebraska Legis- 
lature, and made Speaker of the House ; 
removed to Colorado Territory in 1859, 
and was chosen a Delegate therefrom to 
the Thirty-seventh Congress; and in 1862 
was re-elected to the Thirty-eighth Con- 
gress. In March, 1867, he was appointed 
Secretary of the Territory of Colorado. 

Bennett, II. S. — Born in Williamson 

County, Tennessee, March 7, 1807; re- 
ceived a limited education; studied law, 
and began to practise in 1830, when he re- 
moved to Mississippi, where he held the 
office of Circuit Judge for eight years, and 
of which State he was a Representative in 
Congress during the Thirty-fourth Con- 
gress. 

Benson, Egbert. — He was eminent 
as a statesman and jurist, and died at Ja- 
maica, New York, in August, 1833, in the 
eighty-seventh year of his age- He was a 
Representative in Congress, from New 
York, from 1789 to 1793, taking an active 
part in its deliberations. He had previ- 
ously served as a Delegate in the Conti- 
nental Congress from 1784 to 1788. He 
was a graduate of Columbia College in 
1765, and received literary honors from 
Harvard University in 1808, and from 
Dartmouth in 1811. He was also the first 
President of the New York Historical So- 
ciety; and was again a Representative 
in Congress in 1813, for one session, when 
he resigned and was succeeded by William 



36 



BIOGBAPHICAL BECOEDS. 



Irving. From 1780 to 1789 he was Attor- 
ney-General of New York, and from 1794 
to 1801 a Judge of the Supreme Court. 

Benson, Samuel 2*.— He was born 
in the town of Wiuthrop, Maine; gradu- 
ated at Bowdoin College in 1825 ; adopted 
the profession of law; was a member of 
the State Legislature in 1834 and 1836; 
Secretary of State in 1838 and 1841 ; and 
was elected a Representative in Congress, 
from Maine, in 1853, and was re-elected 
to the Thirty-fourth Congress, when he 
served as Chairman of the Committee on 
Naval Afl'airs. He was at one time one of 
the Overseers of Bowdoin College. 

Benton, Cliarles S. — He was born 
in Maine, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from New York, from 1843 to 
1849. 

Benton, tTacob. — Born in Waterford, 
Vermont, August 14, 1819 ; attended the 
Newbury Seminary, and graduated at Man- 
chester, Vermont; studied law, and came 
to the bar in 1843, locating himself at Lan- 
caster, New Hampshire ; in 1854, 1855, and 
1856 he was elected to the State Legisla- 
ture ; was a Delegate to the Chicago Con- 
vention of 1860; came within one vote of 
being nominated for Congress in 1862 ; and 
in 1867 he was elected a Representative 
from New Hampshire to the Fortieth Con- 
gress, serving on the Committees on Land 
Claims and Retrenchment. 

Benton, Samuel. — He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from South Caro- 
lina, from 1793 to 1798. 

Benton, Thomas Hart. — He was 

born in Hillsborough, North Carolina, 
March 14, 1782, and educated at Chapel 
Hill College. He left that institution with- 
out receiving a degree, and forthwith com- 
menced the study of law in William and 
Mary College, Virginia, under Mr. St. 
George Tucker. In 1810 he entered the 
United States Army, but soon resigned his 
commission of Lieutenant-Colonel, and in 
1811 was at Nashville, Tennessee, where 
he commenced the practice of the law. He 
soon afterwards emigrated to St. Louis, 
Missouri, where he connected himself with 
the press as the editor of a newspaper, the 
" Missouri Argus." In 1820 he was elected 
a member of the United States Senate, 
serving as Chairman of many important 
committees, and remained in that body 
till the session of 1851, at which time he 
failed of re-election. As Missouri was not 
admitted into the Union till August 10, 
1821, more than a year of his first term of 
service expired before he took his seat. 
He occupied himself during this interval 
before taking his seat in Congress in ac- 
quiring a knowledge of the language and 
literature of Spain. Immediately after he 
appeared in the Senate he took a prominent 



part in the deliberations of that body, and 
rapidly rose to distinction. Few public 
measures were discussed between the 
years 1821 and 1851 that he did not par- 
ticipate in largely, and the influence he 
wielded was always felt and confessed by 
the country. He was one of the chief sup- 
porters of the administrations of Presi- 
dents Jackson and Van Buren. The peo- 
ple of Missouri long clung to him as tlieir 
leader, and it required persevering effort 
to defeat him. But he had served them 
during the entire period of thirty years 
without interruption, and others, who as- 
pired to honors he enjoyed, became impa- 
tient for an opportunity to supplant him. 
He was distinguished for his learning, iron 
will, practical mind, and strong memory. 
As a public speaker he was not interesting 
or calculated to produce an effect on the 
passions of an audience, but liis speeches 
were read with avidity, always producing 
a decided influence. He was elected a 
Representative in the Thirty-third Con- 
gress for the District of St. Louis, and on 
his retirement from public life devoted 
himself to the preparation of a valuable 
register of the debates in Congress, upon 
which he labored until his death, which 
occurred in Washington, on the 10th of 
April, 1858, of cancer in the stomach. He 
was the author of a political book, giving 
an account of his observations during his 
Senatorial Service of Thirty Years. 

Beresford, Bichard. — He was a 

Delegate, from South Carolina, to the 
Continental Congress, from 1783 to 1785. 

Bergen, John T, — He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from New York, 
from 1831 to 1833. 

Bergen, Teunis G. — Born in Go- 

wauus. City of Brooklyn, New York, Octo- 
ber 6, 1806; was educated at the Academy 
of Erasmus Hall, Flatbush; was a survey- 
or and horticulturist; was a member of 
the State Constitutional Convention of 
1846; was Supervisor of the town of New 
Utrecht for twenty-three years ; served in 
all the grades, from Sergeant to Colonel, 
in the State Militia; was a member of the 
Charleston and Baltimore Conventions of 
1860, and was elected in 1864 a Represen- 
tative, from New York, to the Thirty-ninth 
Congress, serving on the Committee on 
Agriculture. 

Bernhisel, John JIT.— Born in Cum- 
berland County, Pennsylvania, June 23, 
1799; graduated in the Medical Depart- 
ment of Pennsylvania University ; engaged 
in the practice of medicine ; and was elect- 
ed a Delegate to the Thirty-fifth Congress 
from the Territory of Utah. Re-elected 
to the Thirty-sixth and Thirty-seventh 
Congresses. 

Berrien, John McPher son. —Born. 



BIOGBAPIIICAL BECOEDS. 



37 



in New Jersey, August 23, 1781, but when 
a child removed with his father to Geor- 
jria. He graduated at Princeton in his 
fifteenth year, and was admitted totlie bar 
in 1799. In 1809 he was elected Solicitor- 
General, and the next year Judge of the 
Eastern Circuit. During the war of 1812 
he hud command of a regiment of volun- 
teer cavalry. He served in the State Leg- 
islature for several years. In 1824 he was 
elected to the United States Senate, where 
he remained until 1829, when he took a seat 
in the cabinet of President Jackson as At- 
torney-General. For a while afterwards 
he held various positions of responsibility 
in Georgia, and in 1840 was re-elected 
to the United States Senate for six years, 
taking an actise part in all leading meas- 
ures, and officiating most of the time as 
Chairman of the Judiciary Committee. 
In 1845 he was elected one of the Judges 
of the Supreme Court of Georgia, and in 
1847 was once more elected to the United 
States Senate, resigning his seat in May, 
1852. On his return to Georgia, he still 
continued, in various ways, to promote 
the public good, and he died at Savannah, 
January 1, 1856, universally lamented. He 
•was undoubtedly one of the best, most 
distinguished, and high-minded statesmen 
of the country. 

Bef'hune, Laug7ilin.—A native of 
North Carolina, for several years a Senator 
in the State Legislature, and from 1831 to 
1833 a Representative in Congress from 
Cumberland County, in that State, serving 
as a member of the Committee on Elec- 
tions. 

Betton, Silas.— He graduated at Dart- 
mouth College in 1787; was a Represent- 
ative in Congress from New Hampshire, 
from 1803 to 1807; held the office of Sher- 
iff of Rockingham County for several 
years, and died at Salem, New Hampshire, 
in 1822, aged fifty-eight years. 

BettSf Samuel JB.— He was born in 
Richmond, Berkshire County, Massachu- 
setts, in 1787; spent his boyhood on his 
father's farm ; gradu^'ted at Williams Col- 
lege in 1806; studied law, and settled in 
Sullivan County, New York. He took 
part in the war of 1812, and was appointed 
Judge Advocate. He was a Representa- 
tive in Congress, from New York, from 
1815 to 1817, after which he settled in 
Newbnrirh, and was District Attorney of 
Oranse County. In 1823 he was appointed 
a Circuit Judge for the State ; and in 1826 
he was appointed Judge of the United 
States District Court for the Southern 
District of New York, which he continued 
to hold until May, 1867, when he resigned 
and retired to private life. His labors as 
a Judge have long been held in the highest 
estimation by the legal profession of New 
York. 



BettSf Thaddeus.—lle was born in 
Norwalk, Connecticut, graduated at Yale 
College in 1807, and acquired great dis- 
tinction as a lawyer. He was at one time 
Lieutenant-Governor of Connecticut, and 
aninfluentialmember of the United States 
Senate from 1839 to the date of his death, 
April 7, 1840. He was greatly respected 
for his talents and character. 

Bibb, George M. — He was born in 
Virginia in 1772; graduated at Princeton 
College in 1792; studied law, and settled 
in Kentucky. He was a Justice, and twice 
Chief Justice, of the Court of Appeals of 
Kentucky; was in the State Senate two 
years; held the position of Chancellor of 
the Court of Chancery ; was Secretary of 
Treasury under President Tyler; after- 
wards practised his profession in the City 
of Washington, and acted as an assistant 
in the office of the Attorney-General of 
the United States. His services in Con- 
gress were rendered as a Senator from 
1811 to 1814, and again from 1829 to 1835. 
He died in Georgetown, D. C, April 14, 
1859. One of his marked peculiarities 
was a fondness fur fishing, which he prac- 
tised with enthusiasm. 

Bibb, William IF.— Died at his res- 
idence, in Fort Jackson, Alabama, July 9, 
1820, aged thirty-nine years. He was a 
Representative in Congress, from Georgia, 
from 1808 to 1814, and a Senator in Con- 
gress from 1813 to 1816, and was appointed 
in 1817 Governor of the Territory of Ala- 
bama. He was elected first Governor 
under the Constitution of that State in 
1819. He was originally educated for the 
medical profession. 

Bibighaus, Thom,as ilf.— Born in 
Pennsylvania in 1816, and was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from that State, 
from 1851 to the time of his death, which 
occurred in Lebanon, Pennsylvania, June 
18, 1853. 

BicJenell, Bennet, — He was born in 
Mansfield, Connecticut, in 1803 ; and was 
a Representative in Congress, from New 
York, from 1837 to 1830; having been in 
the Assembly of the State in 1812, and a 
State Senator from 1815 to 1818. Died at 
Morrisville, Madison County, in 1863. 

Biddle, Charles Joh7i.—^ovn in 

Philadelphia in 18 19 ; graduated at Prince- 
ton College in 1837; studied law and came 
to the bar in 1840 ; served as a Captain of 
Voltigeurs, United States Army, in the 
war with Mexico, and was in the actions 
of Contreras, Churubusco, Molino del 
Rey, Chapultepec, and the taking of the 
City of Mexico, having been brevetted a 
Major for gallant and meritorious services. 
After the Mexican war he resumed the 
practice of his profession in Philadelphia. 



38 



J3I0GBAPHICAL BECOBDS. 



In 1861 he was appointed a Colonel in the 
Pennsylvania Reserve Volunteer Corps, 
and while in the field in Virginia he was 
elected a Representative from Pennsylva- 
nia to the Thirty-seventh Congress, to fill 
the vacancy caused by the resignation of 
E. Joy Morris. Before quitting the field 
he was tendered the commission of Brig- 
adier-General, but declined it, preferring 
to serve his constituents in a civil capacity. 

Bicldle, Edward. — He was a Dele- 
gate from Pennsylvania to the Continental 
Congress from 1774 to 1776, and again 
from 1778 to 1789. 

Blddle, J'ohn, — He was born in 
Philadelphia; was an officer in the war 
of 1812, acquitting himself with bravery; 
held the position of Paymaster in the 
army; also that of Indian Agent; and was 
a Delegate to Congress, from the Territory 
of Michigan, from 1829 to 1831, when he 
was appointed Register of the Land Office 
at Detroit, Michigan. For some years be- 
fore his death he had been travelling in 
Europe, and died at the White Sulphur 
Springs, Virginia, August 25, 1859, aged 
about seventy years. 

Biddle, Itichard.—Tie was a brother 
of Nicholas Biddle, and a Representative 
in Congress, from Western Pensylvania, 
from 1837 to 1841, and died at Pittsburg, 
July 7, 1847. Was the author of a Life 
of Sebastian Cabot. 

BidlacJc, Benjamin ^.— He was 
born in Pennsylvania, and was a Repi'e- 
sentativein Congress, from Pennsylvania, 
from 1841 to 1845 ; and died at Bogota, 
New Grenada, February 29, 1849, to which 
country he had been appointed Charge 
d'Aflfaires, immediately after leaving Con- 
gress. 

Bidwell, Barnabas.— Re graduated 
at Yale College in 1785; received the de- 
gree of LL.D. from that institution, 
and was a Representative in Congress, 
from Massachusetts, from 1805 to*1807; 
from 1801 to 1805 he was a member of the 
Massachusetts Legislature, and Attorney- 
General for the State from 1807 to 1810. 
He died in 1833. 

Bidwell, J'ohn. — Born in Chautau- 
qua County, New York, August 5, 1819; 
both his grandfathers having fought in the 
Revolutionary war. In 1829 he vvent with 
his father's family to Erie, Pa., and in 
1831 to Ashtabula County, Ohio; was ed- 
ucated at Kingsville Academy; taught 
school in Darke County in the winter of 
1838-'39, and subsequently followed the 
same employment for two years in Mis- 
souri. In 1841 he emigrated to California, 
having been one of the first to cross the 
wild overland route, which .ioarney occu- 
pied six months. His first eniployment 



on the Pacific coast was to take charge of 
Bodega and Fort Russ. He also had 
charge of Sutter's Feather River posses- 
sions. He served in the war with Mexico 
until its close, rising from Second Lieu- 
tenant to Major. He was the first man to 
find gold on Feather River, in 1848. In 
1849 he was a member of the State Con- 
stitutional Convention, and during the 
same year was elected to the Senate of 
the new State. In 1850 he was one of the 
two appointed to convey a block of gold- 
bearing quartz to Washington City ; was 
a dissatisfied Delegate to the Charles- 
ton Convention in 1860. Since that time 
he has been a Brigadier-General of Militia, 
and in 1864 he was elected a Representa- 
tive from California to the Thirty-ninth 
Congress; serving on the Committee on 
the Pacific Railroad, and as Chairman of 
the Committee on Agriculture. He was 
also a Delegate to the Philadelphia " Loy- 
alists' Convention" of 1866. 

Bierne, Andrew. — He was a native 
of Ireland, and, on becoming a citizen of 
Virginia, was elected a Representative in 
Congress from 1837 to 1841. 

Bigelow, AMjah.— Born in West- 
minster, Worcester County, Massachu- 
setts, December 5, 1775. He graduated 
at Dartmouth College in 1795; studied 
law and was admitted to practice in 1798 ; 
was Town Clerk of Leominster for five 
years ; served two years as a member of 
the Genei-al Court of Massachusetts ; and 
was a Representative in Congress from 
1810 to 1815. In 1838 he was appointed 
a Master in Chancery for Worcester 
County; from 1817 to 1833 he was 
Clerk of the County Court of Worcester; 
at one time Treasurer and Trustee of 
Leicester Academy; and held the minor 
office of Justice of the Peace for about 
fifty years. Died April 4, 1860. 

Bigelow, Lewis. — Born in Worces- 
ter County, Massachusetts, in 1783; was 
a Representative in Congress, from hig 
native State, from 1821 to 1823; was the 
author of the "Digest of the First Twelve 
Volumes of Massachusetts Reports;" and, 
removing to Peoria, Illinois, became Clerk 
of the County Court there, and died in 
October, 1838. 

Biggs, ^s«.— Born in Williamstown, 
Martin County, North Carolina, February 
',1811. He was educated at an academy, 
■vjrved as a merchant's clerk, studied law, 
and was admitted to the bar, in 1831. In 
1835 he was elected a member of the Con- 
stitutional Convention of that State; in 
1840, 1842, and 1844 he was elected to 
the State Legislature. He was chosen a 
member of the Twenty-ninth Congress. 
In 1850 he was one of three Commissioners 
appointed to revise the Statutes of the 
State. In 1854 he went a second time into 



BIOGRAPHIGAL BECOBDS. 



39 



the State Senate, and he was elected a 
Senator in Congress, in 1854, for six years, 
but resiii'ned May, 1858, for the appoint- 
ment of Judge of the United States Dis- 
trict Court of North Carolina, conferred 
upon him by President Buchanan. He 
was a member of tlie Committees on 
Finance and on Private Land Claims. 

Bigler, William. — Born at Sher- 
mansburg, Cumberland County, Pennsyl- 
vania, in December, 1814, He received a 
moderate school education, and, instead 
of a college, graduated in a printing-office ; 
by his own personal efibrts, he established, 
and for several years carried on, entirely 
unaided, tlie "Cleartield Democrat;" dis- 
posing of his paper, he devoted himself for 
a time to mercantile pursuits and politics; 
in 1841 he was elected to the State Con- 
vention, and was a member of the State 
Senate, part of the time Speaker, up to 
1847 ; in 1851 he was elected Governor of 
Pennsylvania; subsequently became Pres- 
ident of the Phihidelphia and Erie Rail- 
road Company ; and in 1835 was elected a 
Senator in Congress for six years, serving 
on the Committees on Commerce, Post 
Offices and Post Roads, and Engrossed 
Bills. Was a Delegate to the Chicago 
Convention in 1864, and to the Philadel- 
phia "National Union Convention" of 
1866. 

BillingJiurst, Charles. — He was 

born in Brigiiton, Monroe County, New 
York, July i!7, 1818; adopted tlie profes- 
sion of law, and, after practising a few 
years, removed to Wisconsin in 1847; and 
was a member of the first Legislature of 
that State in 1848; was a Presidential 
Elector in 1852; and was elected a Repre- 
sentative to the Thirty-fourth Congress 
from Wisconsin, and was re-elected to the 
Thirty-flftii Congress, serving as a mem- 
ber of the Judiciary Committee, and was 
also re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Con- 
gress. Died at Juneau, Wisconsin, Au- 
gust 18, 1865. 

Bines, TTiomas. — He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from New Jersey, 
from 1814 to 1815, and again from 1819 to 
1820. 

BingTiain, JoJm A. — He was born 

in Pennsylvania in 1815; received an aca- 
demical education ; spent two years in a 
printing-office ; entered Franklin College, 
in Ohio, but his health prevented him from 
graduating; he studied law in Ohio, and 
was admitted to the bar in 1840; from 
1845 to 1849 he was Attorney for the State 
in Tuscarawas County, and in 1854 he was 
elected a Representative in the Thirty- 
foux'th Congress, and re-elected to the 
Thirty-fffth Congress. During his first 
term, he was a member of the Committee 
on Elections, and made a report on the 
Illinois contested cases, which was adopt- 



ed by the House, and he also served as a 
member of the Committee on Expendi- 
tures in the State Department. He was 
also re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Con- 
gress, serving on the Judiciary Com- 
mittee; re-elected to the Thirty-seventh 
Congress ; and, in 1864, was appointed a 
Judge-Advocate in the army. In August 
of the same year he was appointed Solic- 
itor of the Court of Claims ; and in May, 
1865, he was Assistant Judge-Advocate 
in the trial of the Conspirators, who were 
tried for murdering President Lincoln. 
Re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, 
serving on the Committees on Military 
Affiiirs, the Freedmen, and Reconstruc- 
tion; and he was one of the Representa- 
tives designed by the House to attend the 
funeral of General Scott in 1866. He was 
also a Delegate to the Philadelphia " Loy- 
alists' Convention," of 1866 ; and re-elected 
to the Fortieth Congress, serving on the 
Committee on Reconstruction, as Chair- 
man of the Committee on Claims and as 
one of the Managers in the Impeachment 
Trial of Andrew Johnson. 

BingJiain, Kinsley S. — He was 

born at Camillus, Onondaga County, New 
York, December 16, 1808; received a fair 
academic education ; taught scliool for 
a time at Bennington, Vermont; spent 
three years in the office of a lawyer as 
clerk ; emigrated to Michigan in 1833, and 
settled upon a farm ; he was elected to the 
Michigan Legislature in 1835, and was 
five years a member of that body ; three 
years elected Speaker; he was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Michigan, 
from 1847 to 1851, and served on the Com- 
mittee on Commerce; and was elected 
Governor of Michigan in 1854 and 1856 
He has also held in other years the oflSces 
of Postmaster, Supervisor, Prosecuting 
Attorney, Judge of Probate, and Briga- 
dier-General of Militia. In 1859 he was 
elected a Senator in Congress, from 
Michigan for six years. Died at Oak 
Grove, Livingston County, Michigan, Oc- 
tober 5, 1861. 

Bingham, William. — He graduated 
at the College ot'Philadelphia in 1768. and 
he was agent for this country at Marti- 
nique during the Revolution. In 1786 he 
was a Delegate to the Continental Con- 
gress from Pennsylvania, and was elected 
a Senator in Congress in 1795, serving 
until 1801. and as President 7)ro item, of the 
Senate during tlie Fourth Congi-ess. He 
died at Bath, England, February 7, 1804, 
aged fifty-two years. 

Binney, Horace. — He was born in 
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, January 4, 
1780; graduated at Harvard University in 
1797 ; and was educated a lawyer. He was 
a Director of the old United States Bank, 
and one of the trustees to whom its afftiirs 
were entrusted when it was wound up. 



40 



BIOGRAPHICAL BEC0BD8. 



He w.as a member of the Pennsylvania Leg- 
islature in 1806-7, and declined a re-elec- 
tion; and a Representative in Congress, 
from Pennsylvania, from 1833 to 1835 ; and 
was a member of the Committee on Ways 
and Means, and again declined a re elec- 
tion. In 1827 the degree of LL.D.was con- 
ferred upon him by Harvard University. 

Bird, John. — A native of Litchfield, 
Connecticut; afterwards settled in Troy, 
New York; and was early distinguished 
at the bar of that State and in the Legis- 
lature. He was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from 1799 to 1801, from New York. 

Birrlsall, Ausburn. — He was born 
in New York, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1847 to 
1849. lie was subsequently appointed 
Naval Storekeeper in New York City. 

Birdsall, James. — He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from New York, 
from 1815 to 1817, and a member of the 
Assembly of that State in 1837. 

Hivdsall, Samuel. — He was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress from New York, 
from 1837 to 1839. 

JBirdser/e, Victory. — He was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from New York, 
from 1815 to 1817, and again from 1841 to 
1843; a Delegate to the' State Constitu- 
tional Convention of 1821; and a State 
Senator in 1821 and 1829, as well as a 
member of the Assembly for three years. 
Died September 16, 1853, aged seventy-one 
years. 

BisJiop, James.— He was born in 
New Brunswick, New Jersey, and was a 
Representative in Congress, from that 
State, from 1855 to 1857; he was bred a 
merchant, and has served in the Legisla- 
ture of his native State. 

Bishop, Phanuel.— Re was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Massachu- 
setts, from 1799 to 1807. From 1787 to 
1791 he was a member of the State Senate ; 
and in 1792, 1793, 1797, and 1798, a Rep- 
resentative iu the State Legislature. 

Bishop, William D.—Ue was born 
in Blooiutield, New Jersey. September 14, 
1827; graduated at Yale College in 1849; 
studied law as a profession, but soon en- 
gaged almost exclusively in railroad busi- 
ness, having for several years been Presi- 
dent of the Naugatuck Railroad Company. 
He was elected a Representative to the 
Thirty-fiflli Congress, from Connecticut, 
and was Chairman of the Committee on 
Manufactures. In May, 1859, he was ap- 
pointed by President Buchanan Commis- 
sioner of Patents, but resigned in January, 
1860. In 1866 he was re-elected to the 
State Legislature. 



Bissell, WllllaiU fl".— Born in Hart- 
wick, Otsego County, New York, April 
25, 1811. He was self-educated, attend- 
ing school in the summer, and teaching 
school in the winter; he studied medicine, 
and graduated, in 1834, at the Medical Col- 
lege in Philadelphia; he removed to Il- 
linois, and, after practising his profession 
until 1840, was elected to the State Legis- 
lature; he studied law, and was admitted 
to the bar of Illinois; after practising 
with success, he was, in 1844, elected a 
Prosecuting Attorney; he served with 
distinction in the Mexican war, and es- 
pecially at Buena Vista, as Captain of the 
2d Regiment Illinois Volunteers ; he was 
a Representative in Congress, from Il- 
linois, from 1849 to 1855 ; and in 1856 he 
was elected Governor of Illinois for four 
years, to the duties of which office he de- 
voted his undivided attention. Died at 
Springfield, Illinois, March 18, 1860. 

BlacJc, Edward J".— Born in Beau- 
fort, South Carolina, in 1806. lie never 
attended college, but read law, and was 
admitted to the bar of Augusta, Georgia, 
in 1827. He commenced his public life by 
going into the State Legislature, where 
he served for several years, and was 
elected a Representative in Congress, 
from Georgia, in 1838, remaining there 
until 1845. He died in Barnwell District, 
South Carolina, whither he had gone, for 
change of scene, in 1846. 

BlacJc, Henry. — He was born iu 
Somerset County, Pennsylvania, February 
25, 1783, and was the father of Judge J. 
S. Black; in 1815 he was elected to the 
State Legislature, and for three successive 
years afterwards; and in 1820 he was ap- 
pointed an Associate Judge of his County, 
and held the office for twenty ^years. In 
1841, at a special election, he was chosen 
to fill the seat in Congress made vacant by 
the death of Charles Ogle, serving during 
the extra session of that year; and when 
on the point of his departure for Wash- 
ington, at the commencement of the regu- 
lar session, he died suddenly, November 
28, 1841. 

BlacJc, James. — He was born iu 
Pennsylvania, and was Representative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1843 to 
1847. 

BlacJc, Jaines ^.— He was born in 
South Carolina; served as a Captain in the 
war of 1812 ; and was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1843 to 
the time of his death. Died in Washing- 
ton, April 5, 1848. 

BlacJc, John. — He was at one time a 
resident of Louisiana, but removing to 
Mississippi, was elected a Senator iu 
Congress from 1832 to 1888, officiating as 
Chairman of the Committee on Private 



BIOGBAPHICAL BECOBDS. 



41 



Land Claims during tlie first term. He 
died in Wiucliester, Virginia, August 29, 
1854. 

Blackledge, William. — Presumed 
to have been the father of the following. 
He was for several years a member of the 
General Assembly of North Carolina, and 
served that State as Representative in 
Con^'ress, from 1803 to 1809, and from 
1811 to 1813. Died at Spring Hill, Lenoir 
County, North Carolina, October 19, 1828, 

JBlacMedge, William S. — He was 

born in Pitt County, North Carolina; was 
a member of the General Assembly of 
North Carolina ; and he was elected to Con- 
gress, from that State, for the term from 
1821 to 1823. Died in Newbern, North 
Carolina, March 21, 1857, aged sixty-four. 

BlacJcmar, Esbon.—Tie was a na- 
tive of New York, and a Representative 
in Congress, from that State, from 18-18 to 
1849, for the unexpired term of John M. 
Holley. He also served two years in the 
State Assembly, from Wayne County. 

BlacJcivell, Julius W. — He was 

horn in Virginia, and was a Representative 
in Congress, from Tennessee, from 1839 to 
1841, and again from 1843 to 1845. 

Blaine, Jaines Gillespie.— Ti& was 

born ill Washington County, Pennsylva- 
nia, in 1830; graduated at Washing! on 
College in 1847 ; adopted the profession 
of editor, and, having removed to Maine, 
edited the " Kennebec Journal " and 
"Portland Advertiser" for several years. 
He served four years in the Maine Legis- 
lature, two of which as Speaker of the 
House; and in 1882 he was elected a 
Representative from Maine to the Thirty- 
eiglith Congress, serving as a member of 
the Committee on the Post Office and Post 
Roads. Re-elected to the Thirty-niqth 
Congress, serving on the Committee on 
Military Affairs and the Special Commit- 
tee on the Death of President Lincoln, 
and as Ciiairman of that on the War 
Debts of the Loyal States. Re-elected to 
the Fortieth Congress, serving on the 
Committees on Appropriations and Rules. 

Blair, Austin. — Was born in Caro- 
line, Toinpklus County, New York, Feb- 
ruary 8, 1818 ; graduated at Union College 
In 1839; studied law, and, removing to 
Michigan, practised the profession in that 
State. After holding the local offices 
of County Clerk, and Prosecuting Attor- 
ney for his county, he was elected to the 
Legislature, and afterwards to the Senate 
of the State; was Governor of Michiijan 
from 18C1 to 1865, and in 18GG he was 
elected a Representative from that State 
to the Fortieth Congress, serving on the 
Committees on Foreign Affairs, Rules, and 
Militia. 



Blair, Barnard. — He was a native 
of New York, and a Representative iu 
Congress, from that State, from 1841 to 
1843, serving as a member of the Commit- 
tee ou Elections. 

Blair, Francis P. , Jr. — Born iu 
Lexington, Kentucky, February 19, 1821 ; 
graduated at Princeton College; adopted 
the profession of law; was a membe? of 
the Missouri Legislature in 1852 and 1854; 
and elected a Representative from Mis- 
souri to the Thirty-Fifth Congress, serv- 
ing on the Committee on Private Land 
Claims. Re-elected to the Thirty-seventh 
Congress, and was Chairman of the Com- 
mittee on Military Affairs. Hs was also a 
Colonel of Volunteers in 1801, and in 
1802 he was appointed a Major-General iu 
the army, and was subsequently re-elected 
to the Thirty-eighth Congress. During 
the first session of that Congress he re- 
signed his seat in the House to resume 
his position in the army, but by the ac- 
tion of the House, subsequently the seat 
was assigned to his contestant, Samuel 
Knox. In 1800 he was appointed by Pres- 
ident Johnson Collector of Customs for 
the port of St. Louis. He Avas also a 
Delegate to the Cleveland " Soldiers' Con- 
ventron" of 1800; and in December of that 
year was appointed a Commissioner for 
the Pacific Railroad. 

Blair, Jacob jB.— Was born in Par- 
kersburg. Wood County, Virginia, April 
11, 1821; studied and adopted the profes- 
sion of law; w\as Prosecuting Attorney 
for Ritchie County for several years ; and 
was elected a Representative from Vir- 
ginia to the Thirty-seventh Congress, 
serving ou the Committee on Public 
Buildings and Grounds. In 1803 he was 
elected a Representative from West Vir- 
ginia to the Thirty-eighth Congress, serv- 
ing on the Committees on Public Expen- 
ditures and Public Buildings and Grounds. 

Blair, Janies.—'H.e was born in Lan- 
caster, South Carolina, and was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from South Caro- 
lina, from 1821 to 1822, and from 1829 to 
1834. He died at W.ishiugtou, by his own 
hand, April 1, 1834. 

Blair, John. — He was born in Wash- 
ington County, Tennessee, and was a 
Representative in Congress, from Ten- 
nessee, from 1823 to 1837, and was a 
member of the Committee on Military 
Affairs. Before entering Congress he 
served in both branches of the State Leg- 
islature, and died at Jouesborough, Ten- 
nessee, iu July, 1863. 

Blair, Samuel S.—He was born iu 
Pennsylvania, and elected a Repre.-enta- 
tive, from that State, to the Thirty-sixth 
Congress, serviiiij as a member of the 
Committee ou Private Land Claims. Re- 



42 



BIOGBAPHICAL BECOBDS. 



elected to the Thirtj'-seventh Congress, 
and was placed at the head of that com- 
mittee, serving also on several other com- 
mittees. 

Blaisdell, Daniel. — He was a State 
Councillor from 1803 to 1808, and a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from New Hamp- 
shire, from 1808 to 1811. Died in 1832, 
aged seventy- three j^ears. 

JSlaJce, Harrison G. — Born in New 

Fane, Windham County, Vermont, March 
17, 1818; received a common-school edu- 
cation, and removed to Ohio in 1830. 
Whilst engaged as a merchant's clerk he 
studied law, and after devoting much of 
his life to mercantile pursuits, he adopted 
the profession of law. He has served four 
years in the Ohio Legislature, and was 
President of the State Senate in 18-18-'49; 
and he was elected a Representative, from 
Ohio, to the Thirty-sixth Congress, serv- 
ing as a member of the Committee on Ac- 
counts. Re-elected to the Thirty-seventh 
Congress, serving on the Committee on 
the Post Office. He was also a Delegate to 
the Philadelphia "Loyalists' Convention" 
of 1866. 

BlaJce, John, J'r. — He was a native 
of New York, and a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1805 to 
1809, and was a member of the Assembly 
of that State in 1819. 

SlaJce, Thomas jff.— He was born 
in Calvert County, Maryland, June, 1792, 
and spent his boyhood in Washington 
City. He served at the battle of Bladens- 
burg in 1814; was an early emigrant to 
the State of Kentucky, and afterwards to 
Indiana while a Territory; upon the for- 
mation of the State Government, he set- 
tled at Terre Haute; there practised law, 
and served on the bench of the Circuit 
Court, and was District Attorney; and 
subsequently engaged in mercantile pur- 
suits. He was, for many years, a mem- 
ber of the State Legislature, and a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Indiana, from 
1827 to 1829. Under President Tyler's 
administration he was Commissioner of 
the General Land Office, and, upon his 
resignation, was appointed President of 
the Wabash and Erie Canal Company. 
He held this office at the time of his death, 
having just returned from England, where, 
as the financial agent of his State, he had 
made satisfactory arrangements with its 
public creditors. He died at Cincinnati, 
while on his return from Washington, No- 
vember 28, 1849. 

Blanchard, Jonathan. — He was a 

Delegate from New Hampshire to the 
Continental Congress, in 1783 and 1784. 

Blanchard, John. — Born in the 
County of Caledonia, Vermont, Septem- 



ber 30, 1787. He spent his boyhood on a 
form ; prepared himself for college, and 
graduated at Dartmouth in 1812; removed 
to Penns3dvania, and taught school; read 
law, and was admitted to practice; and 
was a Representative in Congress, from 
Pennsylvania, from 1845 to 1849. He died 
in Columbia, Lancaster County, March 8, 
1849. 

Bland, Michard. — He was a native 
of Virginia; was for some years a lead- 
ing member of the House of Burgesses. 
In 1768 he was one of the committee ap- 
pointed to remonstrate with Parliament 
on the subject of taxation; in 1773 was 
one of the Committee of Correspondence ; 
and was a Delegate to the Continental 
Congress, from 1774 to 1776. He died in 
1790, aged forty-eight years. 

Bland, Theodoric, — Was a native 
of Virginia; having been born in 1742, 
and was the uncle of John Randolph. He 
was bred a physician, but upon the com- 
mencement of the American war he 
quitted the practice for the army, and 
rose to the rank of Colonel, and had the 
command of a regiment of dragoons. In 
1779 he had command of the troops at Albe- 
marle Barracks, and continued in that 
station till elected to a seat iu Congress, 
from Virginia, in 1780. He served in that 
body tliree years. He was then chosen a 
member of the Virginia Legislature. He 
was a Representative in the first Con- 
gress under the Constitution, having 
voted for its adoption. He died at New 
York, June 1, 1790, while attending a ses- 
sion of Congress. He was the first mem- 
ber of Congress whose death was an- 
nounced in that body; and although 
buried in Trinity church-yard, the sermon 
in the church was preached by a pastor 
of the Dutch Reformed denomination. 
He was present at the battle of Brandy- 
wine, and enjoyed the confidence of 
George Washington. He was a man of 
literary cultui-e, and his correspondence 
with eminent men was published in 1843, 
as " The Bland Papers," 

Bledsoe, Jesse. — He was at one time 
a distinguished advocate and jurist of 
Kentuclsy, and a Senator in Congress, 
from that State, from 1813 to 1815; he 
was also Professor of Law in the Univer- 
sity of Transylvania, and Chief Justice 
of the Supreme Court of Kentucky. He 
died at Nacogdoches, Texas, June 30, 
1837. 

Bleeclier, JBCermanus. — He was 

born at Albany, New York, in 1779, and 
died there July 19, 1849. He was a mem- 
ber of Congress, from New York, from 
1811 to 1813, and, by President Van Bu- 
ren, was appointed, in 1839, Charge d' Af- 
faires at the Hague. In 1822 he was a 



BIOGBAPHICAL EEC0BB8. 



43 



Regent of the University of New York, 
and received the degree of LL.D. 

Bliss, George. — "Was born in Jericho 
Chittenden County, Vermont, January 1, 
1813; received an academical education; 
went to Ohio in his twentieth year, and 
spent one year in Granville College; 
studied law and came to the bar in 1841 ; 
in 1850 he was appointed President Judge 
of tlie Eighth Judicial District of Ohio, 
serving one year, or until the State Con- 
stitution was changed; in 1852 was 
elected a Representative from Ohio to the 
Thirty-third Congress, and in 1862 he 
was re-elected to the Thirty-eighth Con- 
gress, serving on the Committee on the 
Judiciary. He was also a Delegate to the 
Philadelphia "National Union Conven- 
tion" of 18G6. 

BUss, Philemon, — Born in Canton, 
Connecticut, July 28, 1814; educated at 
Fairfield Academy, Oneida Institute, and 
Hamilton College, New York; was a law- 
yer by profession ; removed to Ohio, and 
was elected President Judge of the Four- 
teenth Circuit Court, and, in 1854, a Rep- 
resentative to the Thirty-fourth Congress, 
and re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Con- 
gress. He was a member of the Commit- 
tee on Manufactures. 

Bloodworth, Timothy. — He was 
born in North Carolina, and was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from North Car- 
olina, in 1790 and 1791; and a Senator of- 
the United States from 1795 to 1801. He 
was one of those who voted for locating 
the Seat of Government on the Potomac. 
He died August 24, 1814. 

Blootn, Isaac. — He was elected a 
Representative from New York to the 
Eighth Congress, but died before taking 
his seat, in 1803. 

Bloomfield, Joseph. — Born in the 

town of Woodbridne, Middlesex County, 
New Jersey; studied law until 1775. when 
he became an active friend of the Revolu- 
tion ; was afterwards Attorney-General for 
New Jersey; Governor of that State from 
1801 to 1812; was appointed a Brigadier- 
General by President Madison ; and was a 
Representative in Congress, fi'om New 
Jersey, from 1817 to 1821. As Chairman 
of the Committee on Revolutionary Pen- 
sions he reported the bill granting pen- 
sions to soldiers of the Revolutionary 
army. He re5<ided in Burlington, New 
Jersey, many years before his death. 

Blount, Thomas. — He was born in 
North Carolina; was a General of Militia 
in that State; and a Representative from 
the same in the Twelfth Congress. Died 
in Washington, February 9, 1812. 

Blount, William.— B.e was a Dele- 



gate to the Continental Congress in 1782, 
1783, 1786, and 1787, from No'rth Carolina; 
and was Governor of the territory south 
of the Oliio, having been appointed to 
that office in 1790. In 1796 he was chosen 
President of the Convention of Tennessee. 
He was elected the same year, by that 
State, to a seat in the United States Sen- 
ate, but was expelled in 1797, for having, 
as it jvas alleged, instigated the Creeks 
and Cherokees to assist the British in 
conquering the Spanish territories near 
the UiMted States. While his impeach- 
ment was being tried in the United States 
Senate he was elected a member of the 
State Senate and made President thereof. 
He died at Knoxville, March 10, 1810, 
aged fifty-six years. 

Blount, William G. — He Avas a 
Representative in Congress, from Ten- 
nessee, from 1815 to 1819. Died May 21, 

1827. 

Blow, Henry T. — Born in Southamp- 
ton County, Virginia, July 15, 1817; re- 
moved to Missouri in 1830, and graduated 
at the St. Louis University; devoted him- 
self to the drug and lead business ; served 
four j'ears in the State Senate ; in 1881 he 
was appointed by President Lincoln Min- 
ister to Venezuela, which he resigned in 
less than a year, and in 1802 he was 
elected a Representative, from Missouri, 
to the Thirty-eighth Congress, serving on 
the Committee on Ways and Means. He 
was also a Delegate to the Baltimore Con- 
vention of 1864. Re-elected to the Thirt}^- 
ninth Congress, serving on the Commit- 
tees on Appropriation, Bankrupt Law, and 
Reconstruction. 

Boardtnan, Elijah.— Born in New 

Milford, Connecticut, March 7, 1760, and 
became a successful merchant. He was 
frequently a member of the Legislature, 
member of the Council, and a Senator in 
Congress, from Connecticut, from 1821 to 
1823. He died in Boardman, Ohio, Octo- 
ber 8, 1823. 

Boardman William W. — He was 

born in New Milford, Connecticut, Octo- 
ber 10, 1794 ; graduated at Yale College 
in 1812; studied law at Litchfield and 
Cambridge, and practised with success ; 
was at one time Judge of Probate ; for 
several years in the State Legislature, 
and speaker of the House ; and a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, fi'om Connecticut, 
from 1841 to 1843. 

Bockee, Abraham. — Born in the 
town of Northeast, Duchess County, 
New York, in 1783; was a member of the 
State Legislature in 1820; a Representa- 
tive in Congress, from New York, from 
1829 to 1831, and again from 1833 to 1837; 
and a member of the State Senate from 
1842 to 1845. He also held the position, 



44 



BIOGBAPHICAL BEGOEDS. 



in 1846, of first Judge of the Duchess 
County Court. Died at Poughkeepsie, 
June 1, 1865. 

Bococh, Thomas S. — He was born 
in Buckingham County, Virginia, in 1815; 
graduated at Hampden Sidney College; 
adopted the profession of law ; was Com- 
monwealth Attorney for the County of 
Appomattox in 1845 and 1846; for several 
sessions a member of the Virginia House 
of Delegates ; and has been allepresenta- 
tive in Congress from 1847 to 1861, serv- 
ing, for some years, as Chairman of the 
Committee on Naval Affairs. Took part 
in the Kebellion of 1861 as a member of 
the "Confederate" Congress. 

Boden, Alexander, — He was born 
in Carlisle, Pennsylvania, and was a Kep- 
resentative in Congress, from that State, 
from 1817 to 1S21. 

Bo die, Charles. — He was a Eepre- 
sentative in Congress, from New York, 
from 1833 to 1835, and died in New York 
City, in 1836. 

Boerutn, Simon. — He was a Dele- 
gate, from New York, to the Continental 
Congress, from 1774 to 1777. 

BoTcee, David A.. — He was born in 
New York, October 6, 1805; was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from New York, 
from 1849 to 1851, serving on the Commit- 
tee on Indian Affairs; and his last public 
position was that of Naval Officer of the 
port of New York, under President Fill- 
more, lie died in Washington, March 16, 
1860; he was on a visit to that city, and 
was found dead in his room. 

Bond, ShadracJe. — He was elected 
a Delegate to Congress, from the Terri- 
tory of Illinois, from 1811 to 1815; and 
was the first Governor under the State 
Constitution. In 1814 was appointed Re- 
ceiver of Public Moneys in Kaskaskia, 
Illinois. He died at Kaskaskia, April 13, 
1832. 

Bond, William ILey. — He was born 
in St. Mary's County, 'Maryland ; emi- 
grated to Ohio in 1812; studied law and 
settled in the practice of the profession 
at Chillicothe, and subsequently at Cin- 
cinnati; was at one time a Colonel of 
Militia ; and aRepresentative in Congress, 
from Ohio, from 1835 to 1841. Died at 
Cincinnati, February 17, 1864, 

Bonham Milledge i.— He was born 
in South Carolina; graduated at the Col- 
lege of that State in 1834; is a lawyer by 
profession; and was elected a Represent- 
ative to the Thirty-fifth Congress, from 
his native State, serving as a member of 
the Committee on Military Affairs. He 
was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Con- 



gress, but withdrew in December, 1860. 
He was a Major-General of Militia, and 
served in Mexico at the head of a bat- 
talion of South Carolina troops. Served 
as a Major-General in the Rebel Army in 
1861, and was Governor of South Carolina 
from 1862 to 1864. 

Boody, Asariah. — Born in New 
York, and was elected a Representative, 
from that State, to tlie Thiirty-third Con- 
gress, but resigned in October, 1853. 

Boon, Bafliff. — He was boi-n in 
Franklin County, North Carolina, in 1781, 
and was a Representative in Congress, 
from Indiana, from 1825 to 1827, and again 
from 1829 to 1839, officiating as Chairman 
of the Committee on Public Lands during 
the Twenty-fourth Congi-ess. He died in 
Louisiana, November 20, 1844. 

Booth, Walter. — Born in Wood- 
bridge, New Haven County, Connecticut, 
December 8, 1791, and after receiving a 
good school education in New Haven he 
settled in the town of Meriden, where he 
still resides. He was for several years a 
merchant and manufacturer, and for 
eighteen years President of the Meriden 
Bank; he has been a member of the Gen- 
eral Assembly and State Senate ; and in 
1834 was Associate Judge of the County 
Court. He was Major-General of Militia, 
and elected a member of the Thirty-Hrst 
Congress, serving on the Committee on 
Public Expenditures. He has since been 
engaged in agricultural pursuits. 

Borden, Nathaniel B. — He was 

born in Fall River, Massachusetts, April 
15, 1801, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from the Fall River District, in 
that^ State, from 1835 to 1839, and again 
from 1841 to 1843, and was a member of 
the Committees on Elections and Territo- 
ries. He was also a member of the State 
Legislature in 1831, 1834, and 1851, and a 
State Senator from 1845 to 1848. Died at 
Fall River, April 10, 1865. 

Borland, Charles, Jr. — He was 

born in Orange County, New York, and 
was a member of the New York Assembly 
in 1820; a Representative in Congress, 
from that State, from 1821 to 1823"; and 
was again elected to the Assembly in 
1836. 

Borland, Solon. — He was born in 
Virginia; was educated in North Caroli- 
na; served in the war with Mexico as a 
volunteer; was a Presidential Elector in 
1844 ; was a Senator in Congress, from 
Arkansas, from 1848 to 1853, and was 
appointed, by President Pierce, Minister 
to Central America. He also received, 
from President Pierce, the appointment 
of Governor of the Territory of New 
Mexico, but declined. He took part ia 



BIOGRAPHIGAL BECOUDS. 



45 



the Rebellion of 1861 as a Brigadier-Gen- 
eral. Died in Texas early in 1861. 

Borst, Peter I. — He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from tlie County 
of Sclioharie, New Yorlc, from 1829 to 
1831, and was a member of tlie Commit- 
tee on Expenditures in the Post Office De- 
partment. Died at Middleburg, New 
York, November 14, 1848. 

Boss, tTohn L., Jr. — He was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from Rhode Isl- 
and, from 1815 to 1819. 

Bossier, Peter E. — He was descend- 
ed from an old French family of Louisi- 
ana, and, after serving ten years in the 
State Senate, he was elected a member 
of the Twenty-eighth Congress from that 
State, and died in Washington before the 
expiration of his term, April 24, 1844. 

Boteler, Alexander U.— Born in 
Shepherdstovvn, Jefferson County, Vir- 
ginia, May 16, 1815. After going through 
an academic course of studii-s in his na- 
tive town, he entered P'rinceton College, 
and graduated in 1835, and since that 
time has been chiefly devoted to rural and 
literary pursuits. In 1852 and 1856, he 
was on the Electoral ticliets, Whig and 
American ; and in 1859 he was elected a 
Representative, from Virginia, to the 
Thirty-sixth Congress, serving on the 
Committee on Military Affairs. During 
a part of the Rebellion he served as a 
Representative in the so-called " Confed- 
erate " Congress. 

Botts, John il[f.— Born in Dumfries, 
Prince William. County, Virginia, Septem- 
ber 16, 1802, but removed \vith his father 
to Fredericksburg, and subsequently to 
Richmond. In 1811 he lost his parents, 
at the conflagration of the Richmond the- 
atre, and was sent to a boarding-school. 
At eighteen he was admitted to the bar, 
practised for six years, and then retired 
to a farm in Henrico County. He served 
in the Legislature from 1833 to 1839, when 
he was elected a Representative in Con- 
gress, from Virginia, and occupied that 
position until 1843; was re-elected to tlie 
Thirtieth Congress, and was Chairman 
of tlie Committee on Military Affairs. 
He afterwards resumed the practice of 
his profession in Richmond, where he 
now resides, having, since 1851, declined 
all nominations for public office in his 
State. During the Rebellion he remained 
faithful to the Government of the United 
States. He was also a Delegate, to the 
Pliiladelphia "Loyalists' Convention" of 
1866. He was one of those who gave 
bail for Jefierson Davis in 1867. 

BoucJc, Joseph*— Ms was born in 
New York, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1831 to 



1833, serving on the Committee on Im- 
prisonment for Debt. 

Boude, Thotnas. — He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Pennsylvania, 
from 1801 to 1803. 

Boudinot, Ellas. — Was born in Phil- 
adelphia, May 2, 1740. He studied the law 
and became eminent in that profession. 
At an early period of the Revolutionary 
war he was appointed by Congress Com- 
missary General of Prisoners. In the 
year 1777 he was chosen a member of 
Congress, and in 1782 was made Presi- 
dent of that body. After the adoption of 
the Constitution he entered the House 
of Representatives fi*ora Pennsylvania, 
where he continued from 1789 to 1795. 
He then succeeded Rittenhouse as Direc- 
tor of the Mint of the United States, — an 
office which he resigned in the course of a 
few years, and lived from that time at 
Burlington, New Jersey. He devoted 
himself earnestly to biblical literature, 
and, being possessed of an ample fortune, 
made muniflcent donations to various 
charitable and theological institutions. 
The American Bible Society, of which he 
became President, was particularly an ob- 
ject of his bounty. He died at Burling- 
ton, New Jersey, October 24, 1821. He 
published several books, and was devoted 
to Natural History. 

Bouldin, James W. — He was born 
in Virginia, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from Virginia, from 1833 to 
1839, having been elected to the Twenty- 
third Congress in place of his brother, 
T. T. Bouldin, deceased. 

Bouldin, Thomas T.—Re was born 

in Virginia; spent his youth infai'ming; 
adopted the profession of law, and reached 
a high judicial position; was a member 
of Congress from Virginia, from 1829 to 
1833, and died in the Capitol, at Wash- 
ington, February 11, 1834. He had been 
re-elected to the Twenty-third Congress, 
but died soon after entering upon his 
third tei'm. On the day preceding his 
death he was censured by a colleague for 
omitting to call the attention of the House 
to the death of his predecessor, John Ran- 
dolph ; and he had risen to reply, when he 
was seized with paralysis, sank down into 
a chair, and died immediately. Before 
entering Congress he had been a lawyer 
of high rank, and an able and upright 
judge, and highly respected for his talents 
and integrity. 

Bouligney, Dominique. —Mq was 

born in Louisiana; was a lawyer by pro- 
fession ; was a Senator in Congress, from 
that State, from 1824 to 1829, and died in 
1833. 

Bouligney, John Edmund.— Qq 



46 



BIOaBAPniGAL BEC0BD8. 



was born in New Orleans, February 5, 
1824, and was of Creole descent; received 
a good education; held several offices of 
trust in his native city, and was elected a 
Representative, from Louisiana, to the 
Thirty-sixth Congress. Of the represent- 
atives of twelve millions of people, he 
was the only one who refused to abandon 
his State to the leaders of the secession 
movement, and he coiatinued in Congress 
until tlie close of his term. He died in 
Washington, of consumption, February 
20, 18G4. Dominique Bouligney, formerly 
a Senator from Louisina, was his uncle. 

Bourne, Benjamin. — He was a na- 
tive of Bristol, lihode Island, and was 
born about the year 1755, and educated at 
Harvard College, where he graduated in 
1775. He was conspicuous for talents 
and learning, and spent a large part of his 
life in public and honorable employments. 
He was a Representative in Ci^ngress, 
from Rhode Island, from 1790 to 1706, 
when he resigned, and was appointed 
Judge of the United States District Court 
of lihode Island. He died September 17, 
1808. 

Bourne, Shearjasub. — He was a 

graduate of Harvard College in 17C4; was 
Chief Justice of the Court of Common 
Pleas for Suffolk County, Massachusetts ; 
and a Representative in Congress from 
1791 to 1795. He died in 180G. 

Boufwell, George >S>.— He was born 
in Brooliline, Norfolli County, Massachu- 
setts, January 28, 1818. When a boy he 
had some experience in farming; was in 
the mercantile business, as apprentice, 
clerk, and proprietor, for twenty years; 
studied law, and came to the bar some- 
what late in life ; served seven years in 
the Massachusetts Legislature, between 
the years 1842 and 1850; was a member 
of the Massachusetts Constitutional Con- 
vention of 185.^, and also of the Peace 
Congress of 1861 ; was a Bank Commis- 
sioner in 1849 and 1850; was Governor 
of Massachusetts in 1851 and 1852 ; Sec- 
retary of the Massachusetts Board of 
Education for five years ; member for six 
years of the Board of Overseers of Har- 
vard College; and was the first Commis- 
sioner of Internal Reveilne from July, 
1802, to March, 1863. In 1862 he was 
elected a Representative, from Massachu- 
setts, to the Thirty-eighth Congress, serv- 
ing on the Judiciary Committee. Re- 
elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, 
serving on the Committees on the Ju- 
dicially, Reconstruction, on a Bureau of 
Education, and Free Schools in the Dis- 
trict of Columbia; was a Delegate to the 
Philadelphia "Loyalists' Convention" of 
1866, and re-elected to the Fortieth Con- 
gress, serving on his old committees. A 
voluma of his " Speeches and Papers " 
was published in 1867; and in 1868 he 



was one of the Managers in the Impeach- 
ment trial of Andrew Johnson. 

Bovee, 3Iatthias J". — He was born 
in New York, and was a Representative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1835 to 
1837, serving on the Committee on Ex- 
penditures in the War Department. 

Bowden, Lemuel J. — Was born in 
the North Neck of Virginia, in 1812; grad- 
uated at William and Mary College; was 
a lawyer by profession; served three ses- 
sions in the Virginia Legislature; was a 
member of the Convention for amending 
the State Constitution in 1849; also of the 
Convention for the same purpose in 1851; 
was Presidential Elector in 1861; and 
suffered much in his estate, from, the 
rebel armies, during the early part of 
the Rebellion. Wliile our troops were at 
Williamsburg, he did much for the com- 
fort of our officers and men; and in 1863 
he was elected a Senator in Congress, 
from Virginia, but died in Washington 
City, January 2, 1864. In the Senate he 
served on the Committees on Pensions 
and Post Offices and Post Roads. 

Bowdon, FranJclin 7F.— Born in 
Alabama, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from 1846 to 1851, from his na- 
tive State. In 1852 he removed to Texas, 
and engaged in the practice of the law. 
He died at Henderson, Texas, June 6, 1857. 

Bowen, John JEf.— He was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from Tennessee, 
from 1813 to 1815. 

Boiver, Gustavus B, — He was 

born in Virginia, and was a Representa- 
tive in Congress, from Missouri, from 
1843 to 1845. 

Bowers, John 31. — He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from New York, 
from 1813 to 1814. 

Boivie, Michard J.— He was born in 
Georgetown, District of Columbia, June 
23, 1807. He received a classical educa- 
tion, and was admitted to the bar in his 
nineteenth year, and, subsequently, to 
practice in the Supreme Court of the Uni- 
ted States. In 1836 and 1837 he was 
elected to the Legislature of Maryland; 
in 1840 he was a Delegate to the Harris- 
burg Convention, called to nominate a 
President; and he was a Representative 
in Congress from 1849 to 1853. It is 
claimed by his friends that he made the 
first speech in the House of Representa- 
tives on the Compromise measures of 
1850. 

Boivie, Thomas JP.— Born at Queen 
Ann, Prince George's County, Maryland, 
April 7, 1808; graduated, in 1837, at 
Union College, New York* adopted the 



BIOaEAFniOAL BECOBDS. 



47 



profession of law; served as Deputy 
Attorney -General for Prince George's 
County sixteen years ; served tliree terms 
in the Legislature of Maryland, and was 
elected a Representative, from Maryland, 
in the Thirty-fourth and Thirty-tiftii Con- 
gresses. He was a member of the Com- 
mittee on the District of Columbia. 

Bowie, Walter.— Tie was born in 
Maryland; was a member of the Mary- 
land Convention of 1776 ; and a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from that State, from 
1802 to 1805. 

Bowlin, Jatnes B. — Born in Spott- 
sylvauia Coamy, Virginia, in 1801. He 
was reared a mechanic, but obtained a com- 
mon-school education ; and, after study- 
ing law, was admitted to the bar, in 
Greenbrier County, in 1827. In 1833 he 
removed to St. Louis, Missouri; in 1834 
was appointed Chief Clerk of the State 
House of Representatives, and in 1835 
was elected a member of the Legislature. 
In 1837 he was made District Attorney for 
St. Louis; soon after Attorney for the 
Bank of St. Louis; in 1839 he was elected 
Judge of the Criminal Court; and was a 
Representative, in Congress, from Mis- 
souri, from 184-3 to 1851. In 1858 he was 
appointed, by President Buchanan, Com- 
missioner to Paraguay. 

Bowne, 01>acliah^ — He was born in 

New York, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1851 to 
1853. 

Bowne, Samuel 8.— Tie was a mem- 
ber of th'j New York Assembly in 1834, 
and a Representative, in Congress, from 
that State, fro;n 18-11 to 1813. In 1857 he 
was Judge of Otsego County, and held 
various other positions of trust and honor, 
among them that of Deputy Collector of 
New York City. Died in Otsego County, 
July 15, 18G5, aged seventy years. 

Boyce, William W. — Born in 

Charleston, Sonth Carolina, October 24, 
1819, aud was educated at the South Caro- 
lina College and Virginia University. He 
adopted the profession of law; was a 
member of the Legislature of South Caro- 
lina in 1842, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from 1853 to December, 1860, ' 
wlien he resigned. He took part in the 
Rebellion as a member of the " Confeder- 
ate " Congress. His tastes are of a liter- 
ary character, and he is said to be a hard 
student. AVhen re-elected to the Thirty- 
sixth Congress, he served as a member of 
the Committee of Elections, and at the 
time of his leaving Congress he was a 
member of the Committee of Thirty-three 
on the Rebellious States. He subsequent- 
ly settled in Washington City. 

Boyd, Adam,— Be was a Represent- 



ative in Congress, from New Jersey, from 
1803 to 1805, and again from 1803 to 1813. 
He was an active supporter of the Revolu- 
tion, and a man of strong natural ability. 
He died in Hackensack, New Jersey, at an 
advanced age. 

Boyd, Alexander, — He was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from New York, 
from 1813 to 1815. 

Boyd, John H. — He was born in 

New York, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1851 to 
1853. He was a member, in 1840, of the 
State Assembly, from Washington County. 

Boyd, Linn, — Was born in Nashville, 
Tennessee, November 22, 1800. , His early 
advantages were limited, but on arriving 
at man's estate he removed to Kentucky, 
entered into politics, and in 1827 was 
elected to the Legislature of that State, 
from Calloway County, serving three ses- 
sions, and in 1831 was re-elected for an- 
other session, from Trigg County. He 
was a Representative in Congress, from 
Kentucky, from 1835 to 1837, from 1830 to 
1847, and again from 1847 to 1855. He was 
Chairman of the Committee on Territories 
during the Thirty-first Congress; and dur- 
ing the Thirty-second and Thirty-third 
Congresses occupied the chair of Speaker 
of the House of Representatives. He also 
served one term as Lieutenant-Governor 
of Kentucky. During his career in Congress 
he labored faithfully and constantly for his 
constituents, and retired to private life 
with a high reputation. Died in Paducah, 
Kentucky, December 16, 1859. 

Boyd, Sempronius H. — He was 

born in Williamson Countv, Tennessee, 
May 28, 1828; received a good English 
education; adopted the profession of law; 
in 1861 raised a regiment for the war and 
became its commander, the same liaving 
acquired reputation as the " Lyon legion ; " 
and in 1862 he was elected a Representa- 
tive, from Missouri, to the Thirty-eiglith 
Congress, serving on the Committee on 
Indian Affairs, and as Chairman of the 
Committee on Unlinished Business. Sub- 
sequently resumed the practice of liis pro- 
fession. 

Boy den, Ifathaniel,— Bora in Frank- 
lin Township, Massachusetts, August 16, 
1796 ; he graduated at Union College, New 
York, in 1820; in 1821 removed to North 
Carolina; there he taught school, studied 
law, and was elected a number of times to 
the State Legislature. He was in Con- 
gress as a Representative, from North 
Carolina, from 1847 to 1849, and was a 
member of the Committee on Expendi- 
tures in the Navy Department; he declined 
a re-election, for the purpose of devoting 
his whole attention to the practice of his 
profession. 



48 



BIOGRAPHICAL BECOBDS. 



Boyer, JBenjainin M. — He was 

boru iu Montgoinery County, Pennsylva- 
nia, January 22, 1823 ; graduated at the Uni- 
versity of Pennsylvania in 1841 ; studied 
law and adopted tliat profession; was 
District Attorney for his native county 
from 1848 to 1850 ; and was elected a Rep- 
resentative from Pennsylvania to the Thlr- 
ty-nintli Congress, serving ou the Com- 
mittees on Revolutlonaiy Pensions, the 
Mllltla, the War Debts of Loyal States, 
and the New Orleans Riots. Re-elected 
to the Fortieth Congress, serving on the 
Committee on Military Affairs. 

Boyle, tTohn. — He was born iu Ken- 
tuckyj liberally educated, and a lawyer by 
profession. He was a Judge of the Su- 
preme Court of Kentucky, also Chief Jus- 
tice of the State; and a Representative in 
Congress, from Kentucky, from 1803 to 
1803, when he was appointed Governor of 
Illinois Territory. He was a distinguished 
and successful lawyer, and able judge, 
and died in Kentucky, January 28, 1831. 
During the eight years immediately pre- 
ceding his death, he was Judge of the 
United States District Court for Ken- 
tuck}', having been appointed by Presi- 
dent Adams. 

Brahson, Beese jB.— Born in Ten- 
nessee, and elected a Representative, from 
that State, to the Thirty-sixth Congress, 
serving as a member of the Committee on 
Invalid Pensions. Died in Tennessee, in 
September, 1863. 

Brace, J'onafhan. — He was born in 

Harrington, Connecticut, November 12, 
1754, and died at Hartford, Connecticut, 
August 26, 1837. He was a graduate of 
Yaie College iu 1779, and was elected a 
Judge of Probate, Chief Judge of the 
Hartford County Court, and a Representa- 
tive in Congress, from 1798 to 1800. He 
was also frequently in the State Legisla- 
ture, at one time State Attorney for Hart- 
ford County, and for nine years Mayor of 
Hartford. 

Bradbury, George. — Was born in 

Portland, then called Falmouth, Massa- 
chusetts, in 1770. He graduated at Har- 
vard College in 1789, and immediately 
commenced the study of law. He estab- 
lished himself in the practice at Portland, 
now Maine. From 1806 to 1810 he was a 
member ©f the State Legislature, and also 
in 1811 and 1812. In 1812 he was chosen 
to represent the Cumberland District, 
Massachusetts, in Congress, as successor 
to William Widgery, whose vote on, and 
support of war measures, rendered him 
unpopular with his constituents. Mr. 
Bradbury received the approbation of a 
second election in 1814. After this ser- 
vice he returned to his profession, which 
he pursued to the time of his death, which 
toqk place in Portland, November 7, 1823, 



having been Associate Clerk of a Court in 
Portland from 1817 to 1820, and a State 
Senator in 1822. 

Bradbury, James TF.— He was 
born in Maine, in 1805; graduated at 
Bowdoin College in 1825 ; adopted the 
profession of law; was a County Attorney 
from 1834 to 1838 ; a Presidential Elector 
in 1844; and was a Senator in Congress, 
from Maine, from 1847 to 1853, serving as 
Chairman of the Committee on Printing. 

Bradbury, Theophilus. — Was boru 
in that portion of Newbury now New- 
buryport, iu 1739. Having graduated at 
Harvard University at the age of eighteen, 
he then studied law, and practised iu 
Falmouth, Maine, until 1779, when he 
returned to his native town. After tilling 
several local offices, he was chosen to 
represent the Essex District in Congress, 
from 1795 to 1797, when he resigned. 
He was a Presidential Elector iu 1801. 
About six years before his death, which 
occurred September 6, 1803, he was ap- 
pointed a Judge of the Supreme Court of 
Massachusetts. 

Bradford, Allen A.— He was born 
in Friendship, Lincoln Countj', Maine, 
July 23, 1815 ; spent his boyhood on a 
farm, and received a common-school and 
academical education ; emigrated to Mis- 
souri in 1841, where he studied law and 
came to the bar in 1843 ; and in 1845 lie 
was elected Clerk of the Circuit Court of 
Atchison County, which office he held for 
five years. In 1851 he removed to Iowa, 
and in 1852 he was appointed Judge of the 
Sixth Judicial District of that State, 
which he resigned in 1855. During the 
latter year he removed to the Territory 
of Nebraska, and was a member of the 
Legislative Council of the Territory in 
1856, 1857, and 1858. In 1860 he settled 
in Colorado, and was appointed, in 1862, 
Judge of the Supreme Court of that Ter- 
ritory, which position he held until elected 
a Delegate from Colorado to the Thirty- 
ninth Congress. He was a member of the 
National Committee appointed to accom- 
pany the remains of President Lincoln to 
Illinois. 

Bradford, William. — Was born at 
Plympton, Massachusetts, November 4, 
1729. He studied medicine, and estab- 
lished himself in practice at Warren, 
Rhode Island, but afterwards removed to 
Bristol. He then turned his attention to 
the law, and became one of the most dis- 
tinguished civilians of that State. He 
took an active part in the cause of his 
country during the Revolution, and after- 
wards held many important stations. He 
was Lieutenant-Governor of the State, 
and a member of the United States Sen- 
ate, from Rhode Island, from 1793 to 1797, 
when he resigned. He was President j?ro 



BIOGBAPHIOAL BECOBDS. 



49 



tern, of the Senate during a part of the 
Fifth Congress. He died July 6, 1808. 

Bradley, Edivard.—RQ was born 
in East Bloomfleld, Ontario County, New 
YorJi, in April, 1808; spent his boyhood 
on a farm ; when twenty-eight years of 
age he was appointed Associate Judge of 
the Common Pleas of that County; in 
1839 he removed to Michigan and engaged 
in the practice of law; in 1842 he was 
elected to the Senate of Michigan; and 
was a Representative from that State to 
the Thirtieth Congress. He died in New 
York City, while on a tour for the benefit 
of his health, August 5, 1847. 

Bradley, Stephen JR.— He was born 
in Connecticut, aud graduated at Yale 
College in 1775. He was a General of 
Militia, the intimate friend of General 
Ethan Allen, and the aid of General Woos- 
ter when that officer fell in a skirmish 
with the enemy. He was a lawyer by 
profession, and' the first Senator from 
Vermont in the Congress of the United 
States, serving from 1791 to 1795, and 
from 1801 to 1813 ; a man of eminent abil- 
ity, but of eccentric habits ; and died in 
New Hampshire, December 16, 1830, aged 
seventy-six years. During a part of the 
Seventh and Tenth Congresses he ofli- 
ciated as President j;ro tern, of the Senate. 

Bradley, Williatn C. — Born at 

Westminster, Vermont, March 23, 1782. 
He entered Yale College, and was com- 
pelled to leave when a freshman, in 1796, 
aud yet, in 1817, the Corporation of the 
Institution surprised him with the degree 
of M. A. He studied law with his fatlier, 
Stephen R. Bradley, and was admitted to 
the bar in 1802. The public positions 
held by him are as follows : From 1800 
to 1803, Secretary of Commissioners of 
Bankruptcy; from 1804 to 1811, State's 
Attorney for Windham County, and part 
of this period Clerk of Westminster; in 
1806-'7, Representative in the State Legis- 
lature; in 1812, member of the State 
Council; a Representative in Congress 
from 1818 to 1815; from 1817 to 1822, 
agent of the United States under the 
Treaty of Ghent; again in Congress from 
1823 to 1827; in 1850 again in the State 
Legislature ; in 1856 a Presideotial Elec- 
tor; in 1857 a member of the State Con- 
stitutional Convention; and in 1858 took 
formal leave of the bar, at which he had 
practised for fifty-four years, conl'errlng 
honor upon his native State and winning 
a spotless reputation as a man. Died at 
Westminster, Vermont, March 3, 1867. 

BradsJiaw, Samuel C— He was 

born in Plumstead Township, Bucks 
County, Pennsylvania, June 10, 1809; 
received a common-school education; 
studied medicine, and graduated at the 
Pennsylvania Medical College in 1833; 
4 



and was a Representative, from his native 
State, to the Thirty-fourth Congress. 

Brady, Jasper E. — He was born in 
New Jersey, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from Pennsylvania, from 1847 
to 1849. He subsequently settled in the 
practice of law at Pittsburg, Pennsylva- 
nia, and afterwards in Washington City. 

Bragg, John. — He was born in 
North Carolina, and was a Representative 
in Congress, from Alabama, from 1851 to 
1853. 

Bragg, Thomas, — Born in Warren- 
ton, Warren County, North Carolina, No- 
vember 9, 1810; was chiefly educated at 
the Military Academy, at Middletown, 
Connecticut; studied law and commenced 
practice in 1831 ; in 1842 was elected to 
the Assembly of his State; in 1853 was a 
Presidential Elector; was Governor of 
North Carolina for two terras, from 1855 
to 1859 ; and was elected a Senator in 
Congress f jr the term commencing in 
1859, serving on the Committees on Pub- 
lic Lauds and Claims. Expelled from the 
Senate in July, 1861, having previously 
taken part in the Rebellion as Attorney- 
General of the so-called Confederate 
States. 

Brainerd, Lawrence i.— He was 

a Senator in Congress, from Vermont, 
during the session of 1854-'5, for the 
unexpired term of William Upham, de- 
ceased. He was for many years a leading 
business man in the town of St. Albans. 

Branch, John. — Born in Halifax 
County, North Caroliua, November 4, 
1782; graduated at the University of 
North Carolina in 1801 ; studied and prac- 
tised law; in 1811 was elected a State 
Senator; re-elected every year until 1817; 
was then elected Governor of the State ; 
again entered the State Senate in 1822; 
served in the United States Senate from 
1823 to 1829 ; and was in the latter year 
appointed Secretary of the Navy by Presi- 
dent Jackson. On his return home from 
Washington, in 1831, he was elected to a 
seat in Congress as Representative from 
North Carolina; in 1834 he was again 
elected to the State Senate; in 1835, 
elected a member of the Convention to 
revise the State Constitution ; and in 1843, 
was appointed Governor of the Territory 
of Florida ; after which he retired to pri- 
vate life, to enjoy in peace the love and 
respect of his many friends. Died at 
Enfield, North Carolina, January 4, 1863. 

Branch, Lawrence O'Brien. — 

Born in North Carolina in 1820; gradu- 
ated at Princeton College in 1838 ; was a 
lawyer by profession ; and was elected a 
Representative from North Carolina to 
the Thirty-fourth Congress, and re-elected 



50 



BIOaBAFHICAL BECOBDS. 



to the Thirty-fifth and Thirty-sixth Con- 
gresses, serving as a member of the Com- 
mittees on Territories and on Foreign 
Affairs. He took part in tlie Great lie- 
bellion as a General, and was liilled at 
the battle of Sharpsburg, September 17, 
1862. 

Brandegee, Augustus.— ^q was 

born in New London, Connecticut, July 
15, 1828; graduated at Yale College in 
1849, and at the Yale Law School in 1851 ; 
adopted the profession of law ; was elected 
in 1854, 1858, 1859, and 18G1, a member of 
the Connecticut Legislature, having been 
<;hosen Speaker in the latter year; in 
1861, he was a Presidential Elector, and 
was elected a Representative from Con- 
necticut to the Thirty-eighth Congress, 
serving as a member of the Committees 
on Naval Affairs and Expenditures on 
Public Buildings, and also as Chairman 
of a special Committee on the Air-line 
Railroad from Washington to New York. 
He was also a Delegate to the Baltimore 
Convention of 1864. Re-elected to the 
Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the 
Committees on Naval Affairs, Revolution- 
ary Pensions, and the Postal Railroad to 
New York. He was also a Delegate to 
the Philadelphia "Loyalists' Convention" 
of 1866. 

Brayton, William D. — He was 

born ill Warwick, Kent County, Rhode 
Island, November 6, 1815. He Was edu- 
cated at Brown University, and, ill health 
preventing him from following a seden- 
tary profession, he entered into active 
mercantile pursuits ; he held the position 
for some time of Town Clerk; was elected 
in 1841 to the State Assembly, serving 
two terms ; after serving for two years in 
the Town Councils, part of the time as 
President, he was in 1848 elected to the 
State Senate; again elected to the State 
Assembly la 1851 ; elected a second time 
to the Senate in 1855, was Pi'esidential 
Elector in 1856 ; and was elected a mem- 
ber from Rhode Island of the Thirtj'-flfth 
and Thirty-sixth Congresses, serving on 
the Committee on Patents and as Chair- 
man of the Committee on Expenditures 
on the Public Buildings. 

Braocton, Carter, — Born on the 

Mattapony River, Virginia, September 10, 
1736 ; graduated at the College of William 
and Mary; inheriting a large fortune, he 
spent three years in England ; in 1760, he 
was elected to the House of Burgesses, in 
which he was conspicuous; was Sheriff 
of King and Queen County for a time ; on 
the commencement of the war, he was a 
member of the Committee of Safety ; Avas 
a Delegate from Virginia to the Conti- 
nental Congress in 1776, and signed the 
Declaration of Independence; after that 
service, frequently served in the Virginia 
Legislature; and, having lost his large 



property by the war, was, subsequently, 
greatly perplexed in his tinancial circum- 
stances. Died at Richmond, Virginia, of 
paralysis, October 10, 1797. 

BrecJc, Daniel.— He was born near 
Boston, Massachusetts, in 1788; graduated 
at Dartmouth College in 1812 ; he studied 
law, and removed to Kentucky in 1814; 
soon after commenced the practice of his 
profession there. His first public position 
in Kentucky was that of Judge of a County 
Court; in 1824 he was elected to the State 
Legislature, and re-elected five years ; from 
1835 until 1843 he was President of the 
Branch Bank of Kentucky, at Richmond; 
in 1840 he was a Presidential Elector; in 
1843 he was appointed Judge of the Su- 
preme Court of Kentucky ; and he was a 
Representative in Congress, from Ken- 
tucky, from 1849 to 1851, and was a mem- 
ber of the Committee on Manufactures. 
The degree of LL.D. was conferred upon 
him by the Transylvania University in 
1843, and he has attained the title of 
Colonel in the Militia service. After leav- 
ing Congress he resumed the office of Bank 
President. 

Breck, Samuel. — He was born in 
Boston, July 17, 1771 ; was a Representa- 
tive in Congress, from Pennsylvania, from 
1823 to 1825, and died in Philadelphia, 
September 1, 1862. 

BrecJclnridge, Jfatnes. — He was a 

Representative in Congress, from Vir- 
ginia, from 1809 to 1817. 

Breclclnridge, James Z). — He was 

born in Jefferson County, Kentucky, and 
was a Representative in Congress, from 
that State, from 1821 to 1823. He died at 
Louisville, May, 1849. 

Brechinridge, John. — Was a Vir- 
ginian by birth, and the author and advo- 
cate of the celebrated "Resolutions of 
1798-99 " in the Legislature of that State. 
Emigrating to Kentucky, he was elected 
United States Senator in 1801, and was 
appointed Attorney-General of the United 
States, by President Jefferson, in January 

1805, holding that office until January, 

1806. One of his sons, Robert C. Breck- 
inridge, is a distinguished Presbyterian 
divine ; another, John Cabell Breckinridge, 
was an eminent lawyer, and the father of 
Vice-President Breckinridge. He died at 
Lexington, Kentucky, December 14, 1806. 

Brechinridge, John C — He was 

born near Lexington, Kentucky, January 
16, 1821 ; was educated at Centre College, 
Kentucky ; spent a few months at Prince- 
ton ; studied law at the Transylvania Insti- 
tute, and was admitted to the bar at Lex- 
ington. He emigrated to Burlington, 
Iowa, where he remained for a time, but 
returned to Lexington, where he has since 



BIOCrBAPHICAL BECOBDS. 



51 



resided, and Avhen not engaged in public 
duties lias practised his profession vvitii 
success. He served as a Major of Infantry 
during tlie war vvilh Mexico, and while in 
that country distinguished himself as tlie 
counsel of Major-Gener.d Pillow during 
the famous court-martial. On liis return 
from Mexico he was elected to the State 
Legislature ; and was a Representative in 
Congress, j'rom the Ashland District, from 
1851 to 1855. During his administration, 
President Pierce tendered to him the mis- 
sion to Spain; but family affairs compelled 
him to decline the honor. He was elected 
Vice-President of the United States in 
1856, on the ticlcet with James Buchanan, 
and entered upon the duties of his office in 
March, 1857, as President of the United 
States Senate. In 18G1 he went into tlie 
Senate as the successor of Mr. Crittenden. 
In 1860 he was nominated by the Southern 
Democratic party as their candidate for 
President, but was defeated. He was ex- 
pelled from the Senate on tlie 4th December, 
1861 ; and took part in the Great Kebelliou 
as a General. 

Breese, Sidney. — He was born in 
Whitesborough, Oneida County, New 
Yorl^. July 15, 1800. He attended Hamil- 
ton College, but graduated at Union Col- 
lege. He removed to Illinois, and, after 
due preparation, and before becoming of 
age, was admitted to the bar. His tirst 
public position was that of Captain of 
Militia, after which he became Assistant 
Secretary of State under Secretary Kane, 
aud was appointed Postmaster of Kaskas- 
kia. In 1822 he was appointed State Attor- 
ney, which office he held until 1827, when 
he was appointed Attorney of the United 
States for Illinois. In 1829 he published 
a volume of Decisions of the Supreme 
Court, which now bears his name, and 
was the first octavo volume published in 
the State; he served in the Black Hawk 
"War as a Lieutenant of Volunteers. In 
1835 he was elected a Circuit Judge. He 
was a Senator in Congress, from Illinois, 
from 1843 to 1849 and officiated as Chair- 
man of the Committee on Public Lands ; 
he was a Regent of the Smithsonian Insti- 
tute during President Polk's administra- 
tion. In 1850 he went into the Illinois 
Legislature, and was elected Speaker. He 
■was one of the originators of the Illinois 
Central Railroad. In 1855 he was again 
placed under the Circuit Court bench, and 
having been made Chief Judge, still holds 
the position. 

Brengle, Francis. — He was born in 
Maryland, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1843 to 
1845. Died December 10, 1846. 

Brent, Richard. — He was born in 
Virginia; was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from Virginia, from 1795 to 1799, 
and again from 1801 to 1803 ; and a Sena- 



tor in Congress from 1809 to 1814. He 
died December 30, 1814. 

Brent, William Zi.— He was born in 
Charles County, Maryland, and was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from Louisiana, 
from 1823 to 1829. Died in July, 1848. 

Brenton, Samuel. — He was a native 
of Gallatin County, Kentucky; was a 
Minister of the Gospel from the age of 
twenty until 1848, when, stricken by pa- 
ralysis, he resigned, and was appointed 
Register of the Fort Wayne Land Office. 
He was elected to Congress, from Indiana, 
in 1851, and again in 1855. He was also 
President of the Fort Wayne College. He 
died March 29, 1857, aged forty-eight 
years. 

Brevard, James.— E.e was born in 
Iredell County, North Carolina, and was a 
Representative in Congress, from South 
Carolina, from 1819 to 1821. 

Brewster, David P. — He was bora 
in New York, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1839 to 
1843. 

Bridges, George W. — Was born in 
McMinn County, Tennessee, October 9, 
1825 ; was educated at the East Tennessee 
University; adopted the profession of 
law ; was Attorney-General of the State in 
1849 and in 1854", holding the office for 
eleven years ; held the positions of Bank 
Attorney and Railroad Director; was a 
Presidential Elector in 1860; was elected, 
a Representative in Congress, from Ten- 
nessee, in 1861, to serve in the Thirt}'-- 
seventh Congress ; but, having been ar- 
rested by the "Confederates" during the 
Rebellion, did not take his seat until to- 
wards the close of the last session. 

Bridges, Samuel A. — He was born 

in Colchester, Connecticut, January 27, 
1802 ; received an academic education, and 
graduated at Williamstown College in 
1826 ; studied laWr and was admitted to 
the bar in 1829. In 1830 he removed to 
Pennsylvania ; was for seven years Deputy 
Attorney-General of the State for Lehigh 
County; and he was a Representative in 
Congress, from Pennsylvania, from 1848 to 
1849, and from 1853 to 1855. 

Briggs, George. — He was bom in 

Fulton County, New York, in 1805, but re- 
moved to Vermont in 1813, to the Legis- 
lature of which State he was elected in 
1837. In 1838 he settled in the City of 
New York, and for many years devoted 
himself to the hardware business, by which 
he amassed a fortune. He represented the 
City of New York in Congress, from 1849 
to 1853, and in 1858 was elected to the 
Thirty-sixth Congress, serving as Chair- 
man of the Committee on Revolutionary 



52 



BIOGBAPHICAL BECOBBS. 



Claims. He was also a Delegate to tlie 
Philadelphia "National Union Conven- 
tion" of 1866. 

Briggs, George iV. — He was born in 
Adams, Berlishire County, Massachusetts, 
April 12, 1796; commenced life by learning 
the trade of a hatter ; spent one year in an 
academy; studied law, and was admitted 
to the bar in 1818 ; was a Eepresentative 
in Congress, from Massachusetts, from 
1831 to 1843, officiating during the Twenty- 
seventh Congress as Chairman of the Com- 
mittee on the Post Office; and from 1844 
to 1851 was Governor of Massachusetts. 
From 1853 to 1859 he also held the position 
of Judge of the Court of Common Pleas; 
having been a member of the State Con- 
stitutional Convention of 1853, and Eegis- 
ter of Deeds from 1824 to 1831. He was a 
Trustee of Williams College for sixteen 
years; a noted advocate of the Temper- 
ance Cause; died in 1861 from the effects 
of an accident received fi'om a gun ; and 
an intei'esting biograpliy of him was pub- 
lished in 1866, by Eev. Wm. C. Richards. 

Brigham, Elijah.— He was a native 
of Northborough, Massachusetts; a grad- 
uate of Dartmouth College in 1778 ; studied 
law at Harvard ; was a merchant by occu- 
pation ; held many positions of trust and 
responsibility ; and was a Representative 
in Congress, from Massachusetts, from 
1811 to 1816, when he resigned. He died 
in Washington City, of croup, April 22, 
1816, aged sixty-six years. 

Bright, Jesse D. — Born at Norwich, 
Chenango County, New York, December 
18, 1812; received an academic education, 
and studied law as a profession. He was 
Circuit Judge of Indiana, State Senator, 
Marshal of the United States for the Dis- 
trict of Indiana, and Lieutenant-Governor 
of that State. He was a United States 
Senator from Indiana, from 1845 to 1857, 
and President of the Senate during several 
sessions. He was elected for an additional 
term in 1857, for six years, and was Chair- 
man of the Committee on Public Buildings 
and Grounds, and a member of the Com- 
mittees on Finance and the Pacific Rail- 
road. Expelled for disloyalty in February, 
1862. He subsequently settled in Ken- 
tu"cky and was elected to the Senate of 
that State. 

BrinJcerhoff, Henri/ JR.— He was 
born in Adams County, Pennsylvania, in 
1788, and emigrated at an early period to 
New York. During the last war with 
England he served in command of a vol- 
unteer company, and distinguished him- 
self at the battle of Queenstown. He was 
twice elected to the New York Legisla- 
ture, and for many years held the office of 
Major-General of the New York Militia. 
In 1837 he removed to Ohio, and was 
elected to Congress, as Representative 



from that State, in 1843, but died before 
the expiration of his term, in Huron 
County, Ohio, April 30, 1844. 

BrinJcerhoff, Jacob.— YL^ was born 
in New York, and was a Representative 
in Congress, from Ohio, from 1843 to 

1847. 

Bristow, Francis JIf. — Born near 
Nicholasville, Jessamine County, Ken- 
tucky, August 11, 1804; received a good 
English education; studied law, but di- 
vided his time between that profession 
and farming; in 1831 and 1833 he was 
elected to the Kentucky Legislature; in 
1846 to the State Senate ; in 1849 was a 
member of the State Constitutional Con- 
vention ; in 1854 was elected a Represent- 
ative in Congress for the unexpired term 
of Presley Ewing; and in 1859 was elect- 
ed a Representative from Kentucky to the 
Thirty-sixth Congress, serving on the 
Committee on Agriculture and of the 
Special Committee of Thirty-three. Died 
at Elkton, Kentucky, June 10, 1864. 

Broadhead, John C. — B.e was a 

Representative in Congress, from New 
York, from 1831 to 1833, and again from 
1837 to 1839. 

Broclcenhrough, William JS. — 

Born in 1813 ; he originally went to Flori- 
da for the benefit of his health, which, 
during his residence there, was a contin- 
ual depression upon bis physical and 
mental energies. He, however, held no 
undistinguished position as a citizen, 
having been, under the Territorial gov- 
ernment, a Senator from the Western 
District, and at one time President of 
the Senate, also United States District 
Attorney, and a Representative in Con- 
gress, from Florida, from 1845 to 1847. 
He was also a Presidential Elector on 
several occasions; and he died in Talla- 
hassee, Florida, in June, 1850,, of pulmo- 
nary consumption. 

Brochway, John S^.— Born in El- 
lington, Connecticut; graduated at Yale 
College in 1820; he commenced active life 
by teaching the academy at East Windsor 
Hill; he studied law, and has been devot- 
ed to the practice of the profession ever 
since. He has frequently served in the 
two Houses of the State Legislature, and 
was a Representative in Congress, from 
Connecticut, from 1839 to 1843. 

BrodericTe, David C. — Born in the 
District of Columbia, of Irish parentage, 
in December, 1818; when a boy of five 
years removed to New York City with his 
father ; during his youth he was appren- 
ticed to the ti-ade of a stone-cutter, wliicli 
was the trade of his father; was for many 
years foreman of a fire-engine company iu 



BIOGBAPIIICAL BECOBDS. 



53 



New York, clnring which period he was an 
active politician; removed to California 
ill 1849, and engaged in the business of 
smelting and assaying gold; was a mem- 
ber of the Conveutiou which draughted 
the Constitution of that State; served 
two years in the California Senate, and 
was President of that body in 1851 ; and 
he was elected a Senator in Congress, 
from California, in 1856, for the long term, 
taking his seat during the second session 
of the Tliirty-fourth Congress. Died in 
San Francisco, California, September IG, 
1850. from a wound received in a duel 
fought with David S. Terry, Chief Justice 
of the Supreme Court of that State, on 
the loth of the same mouth. He was the 
first member of the United States Senate 
ever killed in a duel; and it is said that 
some of the marble pillars in the old Sen- 
ate Chamber, wliere lie had a seat, were 
cut by his own father. 

Brodhead, John C. — He was a 

minister of the Methodist Episcopal 
Church for forty-four years, and a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from New Hamp- 
shire, from 1829 to 1833. He died at New 
Market, New Hampshire, April 7, 1888, 
aged sixty-seven years. 

Brodhead, Bichard. — He was a 

native of Pike County, Pennsylvania; was 
a Eepresentative in Congress from 1843 
to 1849, and a Senator of the United 
States from 1851 to 1857, from Pennsyl- 
vania. Died at Easton, Pennsylvania, 
September 17, 18G3. 

Bromivell, BEenry P. Jff.— Born in 

Baltimore, Maryland, August 26, 1823; 
spent seven years of his bo.vhood in Ohio ; 
■went with his father to Illinois in 1836; 
received a good English and classical edu- 
cation; studied law, came to the bar in 
1853. and practised in different parts of 
the State; from 1852 to 1854 he was the 
publisher and editor of the " Age of Steam 
and Fire," at Vandalia; in 1853 he was 
elected Judge of Fayette County for four 
years; was a Presidential Elector in 1860, 
and in 1864 he was elected a Representa- 
tive, from Illinois, to the Thirty-ninth 
Congress, serving tm the Committees on 
Patents, Expenses in the State Depart- 
ment and the Civil Service. Re-elected 
to the Fortieth Congress, serving on the 
Committees on Public Expenditures. 

Bronson, Bavid.—^om in Suffield, 
Connecticut; graduated at Dartmouth 
Collegti in 1819 ; studied law and admitted 
to the bar in 1823; was a member of the 
Legislature, as Representative, in 1832 
and 1834, and as Senator in 1846; and 
was a Representative in Congress, from 
Norridgewock, Maine, from la41 to 1843, 
and served as a member of the Committee 
on Public Lands. From 1850 to 1853, he 
was Collector of Customs at BacL, Maine ; 



and from 1854 to 1857 was Judge of Pro- 
bate for Sagadahock County. Died in 
Talbot County, Maryland, in November, 
1863. 

Bronson, Isaac jff.— Born in Rut- 
land, New York, October 16, 1802, and 
died at Pilatka, Florida, August 13, 1855. 
He was educated for the bar, and admit- 
ted to practise in 1822 ; and was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from New York, 
from 1837 to 1839, officiating as Chairman 
of the Committee on Territories, when 
he was appointed one of the Territorial 
Judges of Florida, and from that time 
until his death he served continually ou 
the bench ; at the time of his death being 
District Judge of the United States for 
Northern Florida. 

Brooke, Walter.— Re was a Senator 
in Congress, from Mississippi, from 1852, 
to 1853, in place of H. S. Foote, resigned. 
Took part in the Rebellion. 

Brooks, David. — Was born in 1736; 
entered the army in 1776 as a Lieutenant 
in the Pennsylvania line ; was captured at 
Fort Washington, and remained a prison- 
er for two years. Upon being exclianged, 
he was promoted Assistant Clothier Gen- 
eral at head-quarters, — an office of respon- 
sibility, which he so filled as to secure 
the friendship of Washington. After the 
close of the war he removed to New 
York, and afterwards settled in Duchess 
County, I'epresenting each locality in the 
State Legislature. He was a Representa- 
tive in Congress, from New York, from 
May, 1797, to July, 1797; a Commissioner 
for making the first treaty with the Sene- 
ca Indians (signed where the city of 
Utica now stands), and subsequently first 
Judge of Duchess County for sixteen 
years. He died at his home, where he 
was universally esteemed, in August, 
1838. 

Brooks, James. — He was born in 
Portland, Maine, November 10, 1810. 
When only eleven years old he became a 
clerk in a store; when sixteen was a 
school teacher, and at the age of nearly 
twenty-one he graduated at the Water- 
ville College. He has been an extensive 
traveller both in this country and Europe, 
and has published a large number of let- 
ters descriptive of his tours. In 1835 he 
was elected to the Legislature of Maine ; 
in 1836 he established the "New York 
Daily Express," of which he has since 
been the chief editor and proprietor; in 
1847 he was elected a member of the New 
York Legislature, and from 1849 to 1853 
he was a Representative in Congress, from 
the city of New York, serving on the 
Committee on Public Lands. Re-elected 
to the Thirty-eighth Congress, serving as 
a member of the Committee ou Post Of- 
fices and Post Roads. Re-elected to the 



54 



BIoaBAPHlCAL BEOOBDS, 



Thirty-nintli Congress, serving on the 
Committees on Ways and Means and the 
Pacific Eailroad, but his seat was success- 
fully contested by W. E. Dodge. lie was 
a Delegate to the Philadelphia "National 
Union Convention " of 18G6 ; and re-elect- 
ed to the Fortieth Congress, serving on 
the Committees on Ways and Means, Re- 
construction and on Eules. He was also 
a Delegate to the State Constitutional 
Convention of 1867. 

Brooks, Micah. — He was born in 
Cheshire, Connecticut, in 1775 ; was edu- 
cated by his father, with whom he re- 
moved to Western New York, and where 
he taught school. He settled on a farm, 
but was a Justice of the Peace in 1806, 
and for twenty years thereafter he was a 
County Judge. He was a member of the 
New York Assembly in 1808 and 1809; 
was a Eepresentative in Congress, from 
New York, from 1815 to 1817; a member 
of the State Constitutional Convention of 
1821 ; and a Presidential Elector in 1824. 
He died in Livingston County, New York, 
July 7, 1857. 

JBrooJcs, Preston S- — He was born 
in Edgefield District, South Carolina, in 
August, 1819; graduated at the South 
Carolina College in 1839 ; studied law ; 
was admitted to the bar in 1843, and was 
a State Representative in 1844. In 184G 
he raised a company of volunteers, was 
made Captain, and served in the Palmet- 
to regiment during most of_the Mexican 
war. After the war he devoted himself 
to planting. He was elected to Congress 
in 1853, and again in 1855. In 1856 he 
made a personal assault upon Charles 
Sumner, in the United States Senate 
Chamber, which event caused much ex- 
citement throughout the country. The 
attack was caused by words uttered in 
debate by Senator Sumner against A. P. 
Butler, who was Mr. Brooks' relative. 
He died in Washineton, District of Co- 
lumbia, January 27, 1857. 

Broom, Jacoh. — He was born in 

Baltimore, Maryland, July 25, 1808; re- 
ceived a classical education ; on removing 
to Pennsylvania, was appointed, in 1840, 
Deputy Auditor of that State ; in 1849 he 
was elected Clerk of the Orphan's Court 
for the City and County of Philadelphia ; 
and was elected a Representive, from that 
State, to the Thirty-fourth Congress. 
Died in Washington in November, 1864. 

Broo'inall, John M. — Was born 
in Upper Chichester, Delaware County, 
Pennsylvania, January 19, 1816; received 
a good classical and mathematical educa- 
tion in the schools of the Quakers, to 
which his family had belonged for sev- 
eral generations; studied law, and was 
devoted to that profession ; served in the 



Legislature of the State ; was a Presiden- 
tial Elector in 1861; and in 1862 was 
elected a Representative, from Pennsyl- 
vania, to the Thirty-eighth Congress, and 
was a member of the Committees on 
Accounts and Public Expenditures; re- 
elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, 
serving on the Committees on Public Ex- 
penditures, on Accounts, and on the Mem- 
phis Riots; re-elected to the Fortieth 
Congress, serving as Chairman of the 
Committee on Accounts. 

Broome, James Jf.— He was a 
Representative in Congress, from Dela- 
ware, from 1805 to 1807; graduated at 
Princeton College in 1794. 

Brown, Aaron F.— Born in Bruns- 
wick County, Virginia, August 15, 1795. 
He graduated at Chapel Hill University in 
1814, and in 1815 removed with his parents 
to Tennessee, where he devoted himself 
to the study of law; and, when admitted 
to practice, became a partner of the late 
James K. Polk, in Giles County, serving 
in the mean time for a number of years in 
the Legislature of Tennessee. In 1839 he 
was elected a member of Congress, from 
Tennessee, and re-elected in 1841 and 
1843. On his retirement from Congress, 
in 1845, he was elected Governor of Ten- 
nessee; and he was at all times con- 
sidered one of the most faithful and in- 
dustrious leaders of the Democratic party 
in Tennessee. His last position was that 
of Postmaster-General in the cabinet of 
President Buchanan. Among the meas- 
ures which marked his administration of 
our postal afl'airs may be mentioned the 
establishment of a new and shorter oceanic 
communication to California, by Tehuan- 
tepec; of the great overland mail from 
Memphis and St. Louis to San Francisco, 
and another, across the continent, by the 
way of Salt Lake. His speeches, con- 
gressional and political, were published at 
Nashville, in 1854. He died in Wash- 
ington, March 8, 1859. 

Brown, Albert G. — He was born in 
Chester District, South Carolina, May 31, 
1813; taken to Mississippi when a boy;, 
adopted the law as a profession; was a 
member of the State Legislature from 
1835 to 1839 ; and was a Representative in 
Congress, from Mississippi, in 1840 and 
1841. He was also a Judge of the Circuit 
Superior Court in 1852 and 1853; Gov- 
ernor of Mississippi from 1844 to 1848 ; 
was again elected a Representative in 
Congress, from 1848 to 1854; was elect- 
ed a United States Senator from 1854 to 
1858 ; and re-elected for six years, com- 
mencing March 4, 1859, but was expelled 
in March, 1861, and joined the Great Re- 
bellion. He was Chairman of the Com- 
mittee on the District of Columbia in the 
Thirty-fifth Congress, and a member of 



BIOGBAPHICAL BEC0BD8. 



55 



the Committee on Indian Affairs and tliat 
of Enrolled Bills. His collected speeches 
were published in one volume in 1859. 

Brown, Anson.— He was born In 
New York, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, during the 
years 1839 and 1840, and died at Ballston, 
New York, June 21, 1840, much respected 
for his character and acquirements. 

Brown, Bedford. — Born in Caswell 
County, North Carolina, in 1795; was 
elected to the House of Commons, of that 
State, in 1815, in which capacity he served 
many years ; and was a Senator in Con- 
gress, from that State, from 1829 to 1841, 
officiating as Chairman of the Committee 
on Agriculture during several sessions. 
He was subsequently elected to the Gen- 
eral Assembly, and at the end of his term 
retired to private life. He was first elected 
to the Senate by one majority, and to a 
great extent, by a mere accident; but, 
having acquitted himself Avith ability, was 
re-elected by a large majority. 

Brown, Benjamin. — He was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from Massachu- 
setts, from 1815 to 1817, having served in 
the State Legislature in 1809, 1811, and 
1812. 

Brown, B. Gratz, — Born in Lexing- 
ton, Kentucky, May 28, 1826 ; graduated 
at the Transylvania University in 1845, 
and at Yale College in 1847; studied law 
in Louisville, and settled at St. Louis, 
Missouri; was a member of the Legisla- 
ture of that State from 1852 to 1858; 
assisted in establishing the " Missouri 
Democrat," and edited that journal from 
1854 to 1859. A speech that he delivered in 
the Legislature, in 1857, was the initial 
movement in behalf of freedom in that 
State. When the war broke out, in 1861, 
he volunteered and raised a regiment, 
which assisted in the capture of Camp 
Jackson, and which he commanded during 
its term of service. He subsequently 
commanded a Brigade of militia during 
an invasion of the State. His efforts in 
behalf of freedom were continued during 
the progress of the rebellion, and he was 
foremost in organizing the movements 
which resulted in tlie ordinance of free- 
dom in 1864. He was elected a Senator 
in Congress from Missouri for the terra 
commencing in 1863 and ending in 1867, 
serving on the Committees on Military 
Affairs, Pacific Railroad, Indian Affairs, 
Public Buildings and Grounds, Printing, 
and as Cliairman of the Committee on 
Contingent Expenses of the Senate, and, 
subsequently, on the death of S. Foot, as 
Chsil.uan of the Committee on Public 
Buildings and Grounds, John Brown, 
formerly a Senator from Kentucky, was 
his grandfather. 



Brown, Charles.— Re was born in 
Pennsylvania, and was a Representative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1841 
to 1843, and again from 1847 to 1849. He 
subsequently held the office of Collector 
of the Port of Philadelphia. He was also 
a Delegate to the Philadelphia "National 
Union Convention" of 1866. 

Brown, EUas.—B.e was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Maryland, 
from 1829 to 1831. 

Brown, Ethan A. — He was Governor 
of Ohio from 1818 to 1822, and from 1822 
to 1825 a Senator in Congress, from that 
State, serving as a member of the Judi- 
ciary Committee. He was also appointed 
Commissioner of the Land Office in Wash- 
ington, in 1834 ; and was for several years 
a Judge of the Supreme Court of Ohio. 

Brown, George S. — He was born in 
New Jersey; graduated at Princeton Col- 
lege in 1828 ; adopted the profession of 
law; was a member of the Convention 
which formed the State Constitution of 
1844; and was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from New Jersey, from 1851 to 
1853. 

Brown, James. — He was born in 
Virginia, October, 1766; studied law; 
settled first in Mississippi, at Natchez; 
and was appointed, by President Jeffer- 
son, Secretary of the Territory of Louis- 
iana, after its acquisition. This led him 
to New Orleans, which became his home. 
He was appointed United States Attorney 
for the District of Louisiana, and rose to 
a high rank at the bar. He was chosen to 
the United States Senate, from Louisiana, 
and served from 1812 to 1817; and again 
from 1819 to 1824, officiating as Chairman 
of the Committee on Foreign Relations, 
and, having resigned, was appointed Min- 
ister Plenipotentiary to France. He re- 
mained five vears abroad, and subsequently 
settled in Philadelphia, where he died of 
apoplexy, April 7, 1835. 

Brown, James S. — He was born in 
Hampton, Maine, February 1, 1824; re- 
moved to Cincinnati, Ohio, in 1840, where 
he studied law, and in 1844 took up his per- 
manent residence in Milwaukee, Wiscon- 
sin. In 1846 he was chosen Prosecuting- 
Attorney for Milwaukee County ; in 1848 
he was elected Attorney-General of the 
State; in 1861 was Mayor of Milwaukee; 
and in 1862 he was elected a Representa- 
tive from Wisconsin to the Thirty-eighth 
Congress, serving on the Committee on 
Elections. 

Brown, Jeremiah. — He was born in 
Pennsylvania in 1776; served in the Legis- 
lature of that State, as a member of one 
or two State Conventions ; was the first 
Associate Judge, elected by the people, 



56 



BIOGBAPRTCAL BECOIiDS. 



and a Representative in Congress, from 
Pennsylvania, from 1841 to 1845. Died at 
Lancaster, March 2, 1848. 

Brown, John. — He was a Delegate, 
from Virginia, to tlie Continental Con- 
gress, from 1780 to 1788. 

Brown, John. — He was born in 

Roclibridge, Virginia, in 1757; was chosen 
a Representative in Congress from a west- 
ern district of Virginia, serving in that 
capacity from 1789 to 1793 ; he subse- 
quently removed to Kentucky and settled 
at Frankfort; from 1793 to 1805 he repre- 
sented Kentucliy in the Senate of the 
United States, and during the first session 
of the Eighth Congress officiated as Presi- 
dent, p;'o tern., of that body. He was a 
warm supporter and personal friend of 
President Jefferson through life. He was 
one of those wlio voted for locating the 
Seat of Government on the Potomac. 
Died at Frankfort, Kentucky, August 28, 
1837. 

Brown, John. — He was born in Prov- 
idence, lihode Island, January 27, 1736; 
was bred to mercantile pursuits; was one 
of the men wlio captured the " Gaspee " in 
Providence River in 1772; took an active 
part in the Revolution, and was an ardent 
friend of the Constitution. He was chosen 
a Delegate to the Continental Congress in 
1784, but did not take his seat in that 
body ; was a Representative in Congress, 
from Rhode Island, from 1799 to 180i ; and 
died September 20, 1803. 

Broivn, John. — He was a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from Maryland, from 
1809 to 1810. 

Brown, John. — He was born in Mif- 
flin County, Pennsylvania, and was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from Pennsylva- 
nia, from 1821 to 1825. 

Broivn, John W, — He was born in 
Scotland, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from Orange County, New York, 
from 1833 to 1837, and was a member of 
the Committees on Invalid Pensions, Ter- 
ritories, and Expenditures on Public Build- 
ings. 

Brown, John Young. — He was 

born in Claysville, Hardin County, Ken- 
tucky, June 28, 1835 ; graduated at Centre 
College, Danville, in 1855 ; studied law and 
adopted the proifession; in 1859 he was 
elected to Congn^ss, but not having at- 
tained the constitutional age, declined to 
take his seat; and in 1867 he was elected 
a Representative, from Kentucky, to the 
Fortieth Congress. 

Broivn, JSIilton. — He was born in 
Ohio, and on taking up his resilience in 
Tennessee, was elected a Representative 



in Congress, from that State, from 1841 to 

1847. 

Brown, Mohert. — He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Pennsylvania, 
from 1798 to 1815. 

Brown, Titus, — He was born in Che- 
shire County, New Hampshire; graduated 
at Middlebury College in 1811 ; was a mem- 
ber of the Legislature of New Hampshire, 
from 1820 to 1825 ; was elected a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from New Hamp- 
shire, from 1825 to 1829, serving as a mem- . 
ber of the Committee on the Memorial of the 
Legislature of Tennessee. In 1842 he was 
elected to the State Senate and made Pres- 
ident; and he also held the offices of So- 
licitor of Hillsborough County, from 1823 
to 1825, and from 1829 to 1834, and Rail- 
road Commissioner. Died at Francistown, 
New Hampshire, January 31, 1849, aged 
sixty-three years. 

Brown, William. — He was born in 
Frederick County, Virginia, and was a 
Representative in Congress, from Ken- 
tucky, from 1819 to 1823. 

Broivn, Williain 6r.— He was born 
in Preston County, Virginia, September 
25, 1801; received a good English educa- 
tion; studied law, and was admitted to the 
bar in 1823 ; in 1832 he was elected to the 
Legislature of Virginia, and served in that 
capacity again from 1840 to 1843. He was 
a Representative in Congress, from Vir- 
ginia, from 1845 to 1849; in 1850 he was 
a member of the Virginia State Conven- 
tion ; in 18G0 a Delegate to the " Charleston 
Convention," and also to that held in Balti- 
moi'e ; he was also a Delegate to the " Vir- 
ginia Convention" of 1861, and opposed the 
action of the secessionists; and on his re- 
turn home he was elected a Representative 
to the Thirty-seventh Congress, serving 
on the Committees on Manufactures and 
the Militia; and in 1863 he was re-elected 
to the Thirty-eighth Congress, as a Repre- 
sentative from West Virginia, and served 
on the Committee on Claims. 

Brown, William J. — He was born in 
Kentucky in 1805. He emigrated to Indi- 
ana in 1821, and was at one time Secretary 
of State for Indiana, and a member of the 
State Legislature; a Representative in 
Congress, from Indiana, from 1843 to 1845, 
and again from 1849 to 1851 ; he vras also 
Assistant Postmaster-General under Pres- 
ident Polk; editor of the " Indiana Senti- 
nel;" State Librarian of Indiana; and, at 
the time of his death, Special Agent of the 
Post Office Department for Indiana and Il- 
linois. He died near Indianapolis, March 
18, 1857. 

Browne, George JBT. — Was born ia 
Gloucester, Rhode Island, in 1818; was 
left an orphan at an early age, but mauag- 



BIOaBAPHICAL BEOOBDS. 



57 



ing to obtain a common-school education 
by his own exertions, graduated at Brown 
University in 1840. He studied law, but, 
soon entering into politics, was elected to 
both the Charter and Suffrage Legislatures 
of his State in 1842; was admitted to the 
bar in 1844; Avas again elected to the 
Rhode Island Legislature, and re-elected 
until 1853; during that year he was ap- 
poiuted, by President Pierce, United States 
Attorney for Rhode Lsland ; was re-ap- 
pointed by President Buchanan, wliich 
office he held until elected a Represent- 
ative, from Rhode Island, to the Thirty- 
seventh Congress, serving on the Com- 
mittee on Elections. He was also a Del- 
egate to the Charleston and Baltimore 
Conventions, and to the Peace Congress 
of 1861, 

Broivninff, Orville M. — He was 

born in Harrison County, Kentucky ; after 
acquiring a good English education, he re- 
moved to Bracken County, and, while per- 
forming the duties of a Clerk in the office 
of the County and Circuit Clerk, went 
through a course of classical studies at 
Augusta College. lie studied law, and, on 
being admitted to the bar in 1831, settled 
in Quincy, Illinois, where he subsequently 
resided. He served through the Black 
Hawk war in 1832; in 1836 he was elected 
a Senator in the Illinois Legislature, and 
served in that capacity four years; in 1840 
he was elected to the lower house, serving 
two years; and, in conjunction with liis 
friend Abraham Lincoln, he Avas mainly 
instrumental in forming the Republican 
party of Illinois at the Bloomington Con- 
vention. He was a Delegate to the Chi- 
cago Convention of 1860, and was a warm 
supporter of the government during the 
Rebellion. On the death of S. A. Douglas, 
in 1S61, he was appointed a Senator in Con- 
gress to fill the vacancy until the subse- 
quent election of W. A. Richardson, in 
1863, On the organization of the National 
Union Executive Committee, in June, 1866, 
he became an active member of the same, 
and on the retirement of James Harlan as 
Secretary of the Interior, on the 1st of 
September, 1866, he entered President 
Johnson's Cabinet as Secretary of the In- 
terior Department. He was also a Dele- 
gate to the Philadelphia " National Union 
Convention " of 1866. On the i-esignation 
of Mr. Stanbery as Attorney-General, in 
March, 1868, he was designated by Presi- 
dent Johnson to perform'the duties of that 
office, in addition to his own as Secretary 
of the Interior Department. 

Broivnson, Nathan.—^ ■^. graduated 
at Yale College in 1761, and was a Dele- 
gate, from Georgia, to the Continental 
Congress, from 1776 to 1778. He was also 
one of the Governors of Georgia before 
the adoption of the Federal Constitution. 
Died iu 1796. 



Bruce, Fhineas. — He was born June 
17, 1762; was a graduate of Yale College 
in 1786 ; was a member of the Massachu- 
setts Legislature in 1792, 1793, 1796, and 
1800, and elected a Representative in Con- 
gress, from Massachusetts, from 1803 to 
1805. Died October 4, 1809. 

Brush, Menry. — He was born in 
Duchess County, New York, and was a 
Representative in Congress, from Ohio, 
from 1819 to 1821, He settled in Ohio in 
1803 ; was a lawyer by profession ; a Judge 
of the Supreme Court of Ohio ; and died 
January 19, 1855, aged seventy-seven years, 

Bruyn, Andreiv D. TF.— Born in 

New York, and was elected a Representa- 
tive in Congress, from that State, from 
1837 to 1838, and died at Ithaca in July, 
1838, before the expiration of his term, 

Bryan, Guy M. — Was born in Mis- 
souri," June 12, 1821; received a liberal 
education and studied law ; bore a part in 
the military campaign of Texas in 1838; 
in 1846 he went to the Rio Grande, under 
General Taylor; in 1847 was elected to 
the Texas Legislature, and served in the 
House and Senate seven years ; and was 
elected a Representative, from Texas, to 
the Thirty-fifth Congress, serving on the 
Committee on Agriculture. 

Bryan, Henry JT.— Born in Martin 
County, North Carolina, and was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Tennessee, 
from 1819 to 1823, and was a member of 
the Committee on Private Land Claims, 
Ho died in Montgomery County, of that 
State, in May, 1835. 

Bryan, John H.—He was born in 
Newb'ern County, North Carolina, in 1798, 
and graduated at the University of North 
Carolina in 1815, He was a lawyer by pro- 
fession ; served a number of years in the 
State Legislature, and was a member of 
Congress, from North Carolina, from 1825 
to 1827, 

Bryan, Joseph. — He was elected a 
Representative in Congress, from Georgia, 
from 1803 to 1806. 

Bryan, Joseph S'.— He was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from North Caro- 
lina, from 1815 to 1819. 

Bryan, JN'at Jian, —Bovn in Jones 
County, North Carolina, and in 1791 rep- 
resented that County in the House of Com- 
mons. He was a member of C )ngress, 
from North Carolina, from 1795 to 1798, 
and died at Philadelphia, June 4, during 
the latter year. He was a prominent man 
among the Baptists, and a most exemplary 
Christian. 



58 



BIOGBAPHICAL BECOBDS. 



'Bryde, Archibald M. — Born in 
Moore County, North Carolina, and was 
a Representative in Congress, from that 
State, from 1809 to 1813, and subsequently 
a member of the State Senate for two 
years. 

Buchanan, Andrew.— B-q-was born 
in Pennsylvania, and was a Representa- 
tive in Congress, from that State, from 
1835 to 1839. 

Buchanan, James.— ^om in Frank- 
lin County, Pennsylvania, April 23, 1791. 
After a regular course of classical educa- 
tion lie studied and practised law in Lan- 
caster, Pennsylvania. In 1811 he was 
elected to the State Legislature of Penn- 
sylvania, and re-elected the next year. In 
1821 he entered Congress as a Representa- 
tive from the Lancaster District, where he 
continued until 1831, when he declined a 
re-election. In 1832 he was appointed 
Minister to Russia by President Jackson, 
and on his return from that mission, in 
1831, lie was elected by lh3 Pennsylvania 
Legislature to the Sena'.e of the United 
Stales, to fill the unexpired term of Wil- 
liam Wilkins, who had resigned. He was 
re-elected in 1837, and again in 1843. In 
1845 he resigned his seat in the Senate, 
and became Secretary of State, and the 
head of the Cabinet of President Polk. At 
the close of that eventful administration 
he retired to private life at his residence 
of "Wheatland," near Lancaster; but he 
was summoned again to the public service 
in 1853, when he accepted the appoint- 
ment, from President Pierce, of Minister 
of the United States to the Court of St. 
James. Having resigned this office, he 
returned home in 185G, and in the summer 
of that year received the Democratic nom- 
ination for President of the United States. 
In the following November he was elected 
to that position, and in March, 1857, he en- 
tered upon its duties, and served until the 
commencement of the Rebellion in 18G1. 
In 1865 he published a book giving a his- 
tory of the close of his administration. 

Bucher, John C— He was for many 
years a Judge of the Circuit Court of 
Pennsylvania; a Representative in Con- 
gress, from that State, from 1831 to 1833; 
and died in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, 
October 26, 1851. 

BucJc, Daniel. — He Avas a lawyer by 
profession, and one of the earliest settlers 
in Vermont, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1795 to 
to 1797, and died in 1817. He was the 
father of the Hon. Daniel A. A. Buck. 

Buch, Daniel Azro A. — He was 

born in Vermont in 1789; graduated at 
Middlebury College in 1807 : and also at 
the West Point Military Academy in 1808, 



when he entered the army. He resigned 
his commission in 1811 ; was reappointed 
as a Captain in the army in 1813, but 
finally left the military profession in 1815. 
He then established himself as a lawyer 
at Chelsea, Vermont, and was for fourteen 
years a member of the State Legislature, 
officiating about half of that time as 
Speaker of the lower house. He filled 
tlie office of State Attorney for Orange 
County, for six years; in 1821 he was a 
Presidential Elector; was a Representa- 
tive in Congress, from Vermont, from 
1823 to 1825, and again from 1827 to 1829 ; 
and was subsequentlj'' connected with the 
Indian Bureau of the War Department in 
Washington, where he died December 
24, 1841. 

Buchalew, Charles JB.— Was born 
in Columbia County, Pennsylvania, De- 
cemlier 28, 1821; adopted the profession 
of law, and was admitted to practice in 
1843; was Prosecuting Attorney for his 
native County from 1845 to 1847; was a 
Senator in the State Legislature from 
1850 to 1856; in 1854 he was a Commis- 
sioner to exchange the ratifications of a 
Treaty with Paraguay ; was a Senatorial 
Presidential Elector in 1856; in 1857 was 
Cliairinan of the State Democratic Com- 
mittee, and during the same year was re- 
elected to the State Senate, and also 
appointed a Commissioner to revise the 
Penal Code of Pennsylvania; in 1858 
resigned the two latter positions, and was 
appointed by President Buchanan Resi- 
dent Jliuister to Ecuador, returning home 
in 1861. In 18G3 he was elected a Senator 
in Congress from Pennsylvania, by a ma- 
jority of one vote, for the term ending in 
1SG9, serving on the Committees on In- 
dian Afl'airs, Post Offices and Post Roads, 
Pensions, Mines and Mining, Foreign 
Relations, Contingent Expenses of the 
Senate, and Retren(;hment, and also Chair- 
man of the Committee on Ventilation. 

BucJcland, Malph JP. — Born in 

Leyden, Massachusetts, January 20, 1812, 
and was removed to Ohio in the same 
year; was educated at Kenyon College, 
but did not graduate; studied law and 
came to the bar in 1837 ; was elected to 
the Senate of Ohio in 1855 and 1857, serv- 
ing four years ; in 1861 was appointed 
Colonel of the Seventy-second Ohio in- 
fantry, and fought in the battle of Shiloh 
as the commander of a brigade ; was 
made a Brigadier-General, in the Avinter 
of lSG2-'63, and in that capacity fought at 
Vicksburg; was subsequently in command 
of the District of Memphis, and during 
his absence in the field in 1864 was elect- 
ed a Representative from Ohio to the 
Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the 
Committees on Banking and Currency and 
on the Militia. He was also a Delegate 
to the Philadelphia "Loyalists' Convec- 



BIOQBAPIIICAL BECOliDS. 



59 



tion" of 1866, and of the " Soldiers' Con- 
Tention," held at Pittsburg, and re-elected 
to the Fortieth Congress. 

Buckner, Alexander.— He emigrat- 
ed from Indiana to Missouri in 1818; was 
a member of the Convention which formed 
the Constitution of that State; served 
several years in the State Legislature; 
and was a Senator in Congress, from Mis- 
souri, from 1831 to 1833, and died in May, 
1833. His term would have expired in 
1837. He was a member of the Commit- 
tees on Pensions and Engrossed Bills. 

Buclcner, Aylett. — He was born in 
Kentucky, and was a Eepresentative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1847 to 
1849. 

Buckner, Bichard ^. — Born in 
Fauquier County, Virginia, 1763; was a 
Eepresentative in Congress, from Ken- 
tucky, from 1823 to 1829; a Presidential 
Elector in 1841; and died at his residence 
in Greeusburg, Kentucky, December 8, 
1847. 

Buel, Alexander H, — Born in Fair- 
field, Herkimer County, New York; re- 
ceived a limited education; was a prom- 
inent and successful merchant; and a 
Eepresentative in Congress, from New 
York, from 1850 until the time of his 
death, which occurred in Washington 
City, January 30, 1853. 

Biiel, Alexander W. — "Was born in 
EutUmd County, Vermont, in 1813; grad- 
uated at Middlebury College in 1830; 
taught school for several years in Ver- 
mont and New York, during which period 
he prepared himself for the practice of 
the law. In 1834 he took up his residence 
in Michigan; in 1S3G was Attorney for the 
City of Detroit; in 1837 was elected to 
the State Legislature; in 1843 and 1844 
was Prosecuting Attorney for Wayne 
County ; in 1847 was again elected to the 
Legislature; and from 1849 to 1851 was a 
Eepresentative in Congress from Michigan, 
and Avas a member of the Committee on 
Foreign Affairs. Died in Detroit, April 
17, 1868. 

Buffington, JTosepJi. — He was born 
in Pennsylvania, and was a Eepresentative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1843 
to 1847. 

Buffinton, Jatnes. — Born in Fall 
Elver, Massachusetts, March 16, 1817; 
educated at the Friends' College, Provi- 
dence ; served for a time in a factory at 
Fall Eiver; studied medicine, and Avent 
upon a whaling voyage; afterwards be- 
came a merchant by occupation; was 
Mayor of the city of Fall Eiver during 
the years 1854 and 1855 ; and was elected 
a Representative, from Massachusetts, to 



the Thirty-fourth and Thirty-fifth Con- 
gresses, serving as a member of the Com- 
mittee on Military Aft'airs. He was also 
re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, 
serving as a member of the Committee on 
Military Affairs. Ee-elected to the Thirty- 
seventh Congress, serving as Chairman 
of the Committee on Accounts. In 
March, 1867, he was appointed by Presi- 
dent Johnson, a Collector of Internal 
Eevenue for Massachusetts. 

Buffum, Joseph, Jr. — He was born 
in Fitchburg, Massachusetts ; graduated 
at Dartmouth College in 1808; and was a 
Eepresentative in Congress, from New 
Hampshire, from 1819 to 1821, and a mem- 
ber of the Committees on Expenditures 
in the Navy Department, and on Public 
Buildings. 

Bugg, Bobert M.—Ee was born in 
Tennessee, and was a Eepresentative in 
Congress, from Tennessee, from 1853 to 
1855. 

Bull, John, — He was a Delegate from 
South Carolina to the Continental Con- 
gress from 1784 to 1787. 

Bull, John. — He was a Eepresenta- 
tive in Congress, from Missouri, from 
1833 to 1835. 

Bullard, Henry Adams.— Born in 
Groton, Massachusetts, September 9, 
1781; he was educated at Harvard Univer- 
sity, and graduated in 1807. He was a 
lawyer by profession, but his knowledge 
of the modern languages brought him in 
contact with General Toledo, in Philadel- 
phia, who was organizing an expedition 
to revolutionize New Mexico. He joined 
him as his Aid and Military Secretary, and 
spent the winter of 1812 with him at 
Nashville, and accompanied him into New 
Mexico in the spring. They were defeat- 
ed in a pitched battle by the royal troops 
at San Antonio, and suffered severe hard- 
ships, but he managed to reach Natchito- 
ches, and there remained and commenced 
the practice of his profession. In 1822 he 
was elected to a seat on the District Court 
Bench, and performed its duties for sev- 
eral years. In 1831 he was chosen a Eep- 
resentative in Congress from Louisiana, 
and served till 1834 ; he was then elevated 
to the Supreme Bench of Louisiana, and 
filled the office until 1846, with the excep- 
tion of a few months in 1839, when he 
acted as Secretary of State. He then re- 
moved to New Orleans. In 1847 he was 
appointed Professor of the Civil Law in 
the Law School of Louisiana, and de- 
livered two courses of lectures. In 1850 
he was elected to the Legislature, and a 
few weeks after was chosen to fill a va- 
cancy in Congress, occasioned by the 
resignation of C. M. Conrad, and served 
again in the House of Eepresentative^ 



60 



BIOGBAPHICAL BECOBDS. 



one year. On his return journey home- 
ward he was prostrat id by fatigue and 
exposure ; he lingered three weeljs, and 
died in New Orleans, April 17, 1851. 

Bulloch, JVilliain B. — Born in 
Georgia in 1776 ; was a lawyer by profes- 
sion, being a prominent member of the 
bar as early as 1800. In 1809 he was 
Mayor of Savannah, and subsequently 
Collector of that port. He was United 
States Senator from Georgia in 1813, by 
appointment, but was superseded by W. 
-B.Bibb; and in 1816 was chosen Presi- 
dent of the Bank of Georgia, of which he 
w\as one of the founders, and held the of- 
fice twenty-seven years. lie died in Sa- 
vannah, Georgia, March 6, 1852. 

Bulloch, Archibald. — He was a Del- 
egate from Georgia to the Continental 
Congress from 1775 to 1776. 

Bulloch, Stephen. — Born in Massa- 
chusetts; was a member of the Conven- 
tion which formed the Constitution of that 
State; frequently served in the State Leg- 
islature; and was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from Massachusetts, from 1797 to 
1799. He subsequently became Judge of 
the Common Pleas for Bristol Countj^, 
and served in the State Senate and as a 
member of the Executive Council of Mas- 
sachusetts. He died in 1816, in Massa- 
chusetts, aged eighty-one years. 

Bulloch, Wing field. — He was elected 
a Representative in Congress, from Ken- 
tucky, during the years 1820 and 1821. 
Died October 13, 1821, before taking his 
seat. 

Bunch, Samuel. — Was born in 1786. 
He commanded a regiment in the Indian 
war, under General Andrew Jackson, and, 
in the charge of the battle of the Horse- 
shoe, was the first or second man over 
the breastworks of the enemy. He was 
a Representative in Congress, from Ten- 
nessee, from 1833 to 1837; and died in 
Granger County, Tennessee, September 
5, 1849. 

Bund]/, Hezehiah S. — Born in Mari- 
etta, Ohio, August 15, 1817; received a 
plain education, and his father having 
been killed by the falling of a tree when 
he was a mere boy, he took upon himself 
the support of the family; was in the 
mercantile business as clerk and proprie- 
tor from 1835 to 1846 ; after that he turned 
his attention to farming, and in 1854 be- 
came connected with the furnace business. 
During all these avocations he studied 
law, and came to the bar in 1850; was 
elected to the State Legislature in 1848 ; 
re-elected in 1850; in 1855 chosen a State 
Senator; was a Presidential Elector in 
1860, and in 1864 he was elected a Repre- 
sentative from Ohio to the Thirty-ninth 



Congress, serving on the Committees on 
Manufcictures and Weights and Measures. 
He was also a Delegate to the Philadel- 
phia "Loyalists' Convention " of 1866. 

Bunner, Rudolph.— He was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from New York, 
from 1827 to 1829, and died at Otsego, 
July 23, 1837, aged fifty-eight years. 

Birch, JoJm Chilton. —Born in 

Boone County, Missouri, February 1, 1826 ; 
received a liberal education and studied, 
law; held the position of Military Secre- 
tary to the Governor of Missouri ; in 1850 
he emigrated to California, and turned his 
attention to mining ; in 1853 he was elect- 
ed District Attorney for his County, and 
commenced the practice of law ; in 1856 
was returned to the Assembly, and in 1857 
to the State Senate, where he remained 
until 1859, when he was elected a Repre- 
seuta'ive, from California, to the Thirty- 
sixth Congress, serving as a member of 
the Committee on Agriculture, and of the 
Special Committee of Thirty-three. 

Burd, George. — He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Pennsylvania, 
from 1831 to 1835, anddiedatBedford,Penu- 
sylvania, January 13, 1844, aged fifty years. 

Burges, Tristam. — Born in Plym- 
outh Count}'', Massachusetts, Eebrnary 
26, 1770, and died in Rhode Island, Octo- 
ber 13, 1853. He graduated at the Rhode 
Island College in 1796; studied law and 
taught school at the same time; com- 
menced the practice of his profession in 
Providence, and acquired great influence 
and distinction as an advocate ; in 1818 
was elected Chief Justice of Rhode Island ; 
occupied the Chair of Oratory in Brown 
University ; and was a Representative in 
Congress, from Rhode Island, from 1825 
to 1835. He acquired great reputation by 
a parliamentary contest with John Ran- 
dolph, and left behind him many interest- 
ing pamphlets on political and literary 
subjects. His characteristics as a debater 
were withering sarcasm, combined with 
fervid eloquence and rare reasoning 
power. 

Burgess, Betnpsey. — He was a mem- 
ber of the Provincial Congress of North 
Carolina; a Lieutenant-Colonel of the mi- 
litia; and a Representative in Congress, 
from North Carolina, from 1795 to 1798. 

Burhe, Edanus. — He was born in 
Galwiiy, Ireland, and came to America at 
the beginning of the Revolution. In 1778 
he was appointed a Judge of the Supreme 
Court of South Carolina, and was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from that State, 
from 1789 to 1791. He was an earnest Re- 
publican, and died at Charleston. March 
30, 1802, aged fifty-nine years. He pub- 
lished a pamphlet against the Order of the 



BIOGIiAFHICAL BECOBDS. 



61 



Cincinnati; and, because he would not re- 
sign his Judgeship on being elected to 
Congress, the Legislature passed a law 
prohibiting any State Judge from leaving 
the State, and he resigned his seat in 
Congress. 

BurTce, Edmund, — Born in West- 
minster, Vermont, January 23, 1809 ; was 
educated by private tutors ; studied law, 
and was admitted to the bar in 1829 ; and 
removed to New Hampshire in 1833, where 
he established, iu Sullivan County, the 
"New Hampshire Argus," which he edited 
a number of years. He was a Eepresenta- 
tive in Congress, from New Hampshire, 
from 1839 to 1845, and was Chairman of 
the Committee on the Library, and a mem- 
ber of the Committees on Commerce and 
Claims; and, hy President Pulk, was ap- 
pointed Commissioner of Patents in Wash- 
ington. He was also a Delegate to the 
Piiiladelphia "National Union Conven- 
tion" of 18G6. 

Burlce, Thomas. — He was born in 
Ireland in 1747; when about seventeen 
years of age he left Ireland, and settled in 
Accomac County, Virginia, where he re- 
sided some years, engaged in the study 
and practice of medicine. He subse- 
quently changed his profession for that 
of law, removed to Norfolk and practised. 
In 1772 he removed to Hillsborough, 
Orange County, North Carolina. He first 
attracted public attention in Virginia by 
his writings in opposition to the Stamp 
Act, and iu North Carolina participated in 
the formation of the Constitution for that 
State. He was a Delegate to the Conti- 
nental Congress from 1777 to 1781. In the 
latter year he was chosen Governor of 
North Carolina. While iu that position 
he was seized by the Tories as a prisoner 
of State, and, being transferred to Charles- 
ton, he was sent by General Leslie to 
James' Island on parole, where he was de- 
tained as a hostage ; and, becoming exas- 
perated, after four months' imprisonment, 
he determined to escape, in which purpose 
he was successful. He addressed a letter 
to General Leslie, infoi'ming him of his 
reasons for withdrawing, but considered 
himself subject to the disposal of the 
British authority. An exchange was 
efi'ected by General Greene, and he re- 
turned to his position as Governor. He 
retired from public life the nest year, and 
died near Hillsborough, December 2, 1783. 

BurleiffJi, Walter A. — He was a 

Delegate from the Territory of Dakota to 
the Thirty-ninth Congress. 

Burleigh, William,. — He was born 
in Rockingham, New Hampsiiire, bred a 
lawyer, and was a Representative iu Con- 
gress, from South Berwick, York County, 
Maine, for two terms, from 1823 to 1827, 
and was a member of the Committee on 



Expenditures in the State Department. 
Died in July, 1827. 

Burlingame, Anson. — Born in New 

Berlin, Clienango County, New York, No- 
vember 14, 1822. His youth was spent on 
the Western frontiers, at one time acting 
with surveying parties, and at another 
participating in the making of Indian 
treaties, far beyond the confines of civil- 
ization. He laid the foundation of his 
education at the Branch University of 
Michigan, but, removing to Massachusetts, 
he entered Harvard University, where he 
received a degree in 1846. He studied 
law and practised in Boston. In 1852 he 
was 'elected to the State Senate, and in 
1853 was a member of the Convention for 
revising the Constitution of Massachu- 
setts. He Avas elected a Representative 
in the Thirty-fourth Congress; was re- 
elected to the Thirty-fifth, serving as a 
member of the Committee on Foreign 
Aflairs. He was also re-elected to the 
Thirty-sixth Congress, serving on the 
same committee. In 1861 he was ap- 
pointed by President Lincoln Minister to 
Austria, and subsequently to China, which 
latter position he resigned in 1867 to ac- 
cept a diplomatic appointment from China 
to the European Powers, as well as to the 
United States. 

Burnell, BarJcer, — He was a native 
of Nantucket. When only twenty-two 
years of age he was chosen a member of 
the House of Representatives in his na- 
tive Commonwealth. A few years later 
he passed into the senatorial body, where, 
in spite of his youth, he became a leading 
member. He sat also in the Convention 
which framed the present Constitution of 
Massachusetts ; took an active part in the 
Harrisburg Convention of 1840; and 
served as a Representative in Congress, 
from Massachusetts, from 1841 to 1843. 
He died in Washington, District of Co- 
lumbia, June 4, 1843, aged forty-five years. 

Burnett, J'acob, — Was born in New- 
ark, New Jersey, on the 22d of February, 
1770. He was a graduate of Princeton 
College in 1791 ; was admitted to the bar 
by the Supreme Court of New Jersey in 
1796, and removed to Cincinnati imme- 
diately thereafter, where he continued to 
reside until his death. During the first 
twenty years of that residence he devoted 
himself to the practice of his profession, 
and was ranked among the most distin- 
guislied members of the bai\ When the 
second grade of the Territorial govern- 
ment was established, in 1799, he was ap- 
pointed, by President Adams, a member 
of the Legislative Council, which appoint- 
ment he held till the establishment of the 
State government of Ohio, in the winter 
of 1802-3. He was a member of the State 
Legislature during the war of 1812, and 
took an active part in sustaining the meas- 



62 



BIOOBAPHICAL BECOBDS. 



ures proposed in that body to aid the Geu- 
eral Government in maintaining the con- 
test. In 1821 lie was appointed one of tlie 
Judges of the Sapreine Court of Ohio, 
which commission lie resigned in Decem- 
ber, 1828, and was immediately afterwards 
elected to the Senate of the United States, 
to fill the vacancy occasioned by the resig- 
nation of his friend General Harrison, 
serving until 1831. In the same year he 
was chosen, by the Legislature of the 
State of Kentucky, one of the Commission- 
ers to settle the matters in controversy 
between that State and the Common- 
wealth of Virginia, in regard to the com- 
plaints of the latter against the statute of 
limitation. He was the first President of 
the Astronomical Society of Cincinnati, 
and still continued, in 1852, an active 
member of that institution. He was for 
many years the President of the Coloni- 
zation Society of Hamilton County, Presi- 
dent of the Board of Trustees of the 
Medical College of Ohio, and President 
of the Board of Trustees of the Cincin- 
nati College, and, upon the nomination by 
Lafayette, had been elected a member of 
the French Academy. In 1847 he pub- 
lished a volume entitled " Notes on the 
Early Settlement of the North-western Ter- 
ritory," which is considered as containing 
much interesting information, especially 
as to Ohio, the progress of which he wit- 
nessed from a Territory. He died at Cin- 
cinnati in 1853. 

Burnett, Henry C. — Born in Essex 

County, Virginia, October 5, 1825 ; studied 
law as a profession, and practised in Ken- 
tucky ; was Clerk in the Circuit Court of 
Trigg County, in that State, from 1851 to 
1853, and a Eepresentativ^e in the Thirty- 
fourth and Thirty-fifth Congresses. He 
was Chairman, during the first session of 
the Thirty-fifth Congress, of the Commit- 
tee of Inquiry in regard to the sale of Fort 
Snelling, and a member of the Committee 
on the District of Columbia. Re-elected 
to the Thirtj'^-sixth Congress, and also to 
the Thirty-seventh, but was expelled for 
treasonable conduct in December, 1861, 
and took part in the Rebellion. Died of 
cholera near Hopkinton, Kentucky, Oc- 
tober 1, 1866. 

Burnett, WilUain.—'Re graduated 
at Princeton College in 1749, and was a 
Delegate, from New Jersey, to the Conti- 
nental Congress in 1780 and 1781. Died 
in 1791. 

Burnham, Alfred A. — Born in 

Windham, Windham County, Connecticut, 
IMarch 8, 1819; prepared himself for col- 
lege at the Suffield Literary Institution; 
taught school for a while, and spent one 
year at Washington College, which he left 
for want of means, studied law, and was 
admitted to the bar in 1843 ; was elected 
to the Connecticut Legislature in 1844: and 



1845 ; was Clerk of the State Senate in 
1817; and was subsequently appointed 
Judge of Probate for the District of Dan- 
bury. In 1850 he was again elected to the 
State Legislature; in 1857 Lieutenant- 
Governor of Connecticut; in 1858 again 
elected to the Legislature and made 
Speaker; and in 1859 was elected a Rep- 
resentative, from Connecticut, to the Tliir- 
ty-sixth Congress, serving as a member of 
the Committee on Patents. Re-elected to 
the Thirty-seventh Congress, serving on 
Committee on Foreign Afi'airs. 

Burns, J'oseph. — Born in Waynesbo- 
rough, Augusta County, Virginia, March 
11, 1800; was educated at the Ohio Union 
Schools ; was by trade a hatter and then a 
farmer; filled various County and State 
oflices; and was elected, from the State 
of Ohio, a Representative in the Thirty- 
fifth Congress. He was a member of the 
Committees on Expenditures in the Post 
Ofiice Department and on Invalid Pen- 
sions. 

Burns, Mobert. — He was born in New 
Hampshire ; served three years in the State 
Legislature as Senator and Representa- 
tive, and was a Representative in Con- 
gi-ess, from New Hampshire, from 1833 
to 1837. Died at Plymouth, New Hamp- 
shire, June 20, 1866. 

Burnside, Thomas. — Was an Asso- 
ciate Judge of the Supreme Court of Penn- 
sylvania, and was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from that State, from 1815 to 1816, 
when he resigned. He died at German- 
town, Pennsylvania, March 25, 1827. 

Burr, Aaron. — He was born in 
Newark, New Jersey, February 6, 1756. 
He graduated at Princeton Colle.<re in 1772, 
at the age of sixteen ; in 1775, in his 
twentieth year, he joined the American 
array under Washington, at Cambridge; 
accompanied General Ai-nold as a private 
soldier in his expedition against Quebec; 
after his arrival there, he acted as an aide- 
de-camp to General Montgomery ; and on 
his return, in 1776, General Washington 
invited him to join his family at head- 
quarters. Some circumstances soon took 
place by which he forever lost the confi- 
dence of Washington ; and the hostility 
of the former to the latter, from that time, 
was undisguised and unmitigated. In 
1777 he was appointed Lieutenant-Colonel, 
and distinguished himself as an able and 
brave officer; but in March, 1799, he was, 
on account of the state of his health, com- 
pelled to resign his office and retire from 
military life. He then devoted himself to 
the study of law; commenced practice at 
Albany in 1782, but soon removed to the 
city of New York ; he became distinguished 
in iiis profession ; was appointed Attorney- 
General of New York in 1789; from 1791 
to 1797 he was a member of the United 



BIOGBAPIIICAL BECOBDS. 



63 



States Senate, and bore a conspicuous 
part as a leader of the Democratic or Ile- 
publican party. At the election of Presi- 
dent of the United States for the fourth 
Presidential term Thomas Jefferson and 
Aaron Burr had each seventy-three votes, 
and the choice was decided by Congress, 
on the thirty-sixth ballot, in favor of Jef- 
ferson for President, and Burr for Vice- 
President. On the 12th of July, 1804:, 
Colonel Burr gave Alexander Hamilton, 
long his professional rival and political 
opponent, a mortal wound in a duel. He 
soon after conceived the project of his 
enterprise in the Western country of the 
United States ; for which he was at length 
apprehended and brought to Richmond, in 
August, 1807, on a charge of treason; and 
after a long trial was acquitted. He after- 
wards returned to the city of New York, 
practised law to some extent, but passed 
the remainder of his life in comparative 
obscurity and neglect. He was of small 
stature, yet he had a lofty mien, a military 
air, a remarkably brilliant eye, and a 
striking appearance. He possessed dis- 
tinguished talents and manj"^ accomplish- 
ments. He died on Staten Island, New 
York, September 14, 1836, and his life was 
published in 1838 by Matthew L. Davis. 

Burr, Albert G. — He was born in 
Illinois in 1829; received a good English 
education; adopted the profession of law; 
was elected to the Illinois Legislature in 
1861 ; was a member of the State Consti- 
tutional Convention of 1862, and author of 
the address accompanying the constitution 
to the people ; re-elected in 1863, and in 
1866 he was elected a Representative from 
Illinois to the Fortieth Congress, serving 
on the Committees on Revolutionary and 
Invalid Pensions. 

Burrittf J'aines. — He was born in 
Providence, Rhode Island, April 25, 1772 ; 
graduated at Brown University in 1788; 
studied law, devoted himself to its prac- 
tice, and was Attorney-General of the 
State of Rhode Island from 1707 to 1813; 
was a member and Speaker of the Assem- 
bly in 1814 ; and was Chief Justice of the 
State in 1816. He was elected to the 
United States Senate in 1816, and served 
as a member of the Committees on the 
Judiciary, on Commerce, on Manufactures, 
and on Accounts. He died at Washing- 
ton, before the expiration of his term, 
December 25, 1820. He was considered 
an able scholar and a wise judge. 

Burroughs, Silas M. — He was born 
in New York; served four years in the 
Legislature of that State, and was elected 
a Representative to the Thirty-fifth Con- 
gress, from New York, and was a member 
of the Committee on Indian Affairs. He 
was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Con- 
gress, and died at Medina, New York, 
June 3, 1860. 



Burrows, Daniel,— He was born in 
Groton, Connecticut, and was a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from Connecticut, from 
1821 to 1823. 

Burrows, Ijorenzo. — He was born 
in Connecticut, and was a Representative 
in Congress, from New York, from 1849 to 
1853; and in 1855 he was elected Comp- 
troller of New York. 

Burt, Annistead. — He was born in 
South Carolina, received a liberal educa- 
tion, adopted the profession of law, and 
was a Representative in Congress, from 
South Carolina, from 1843 to 1853. Dur- 
ing a part of the Thirtieth Congress he 
officiated as Speaker of the House of Rep- 
resentatives. 

Burton, Mutchins 6?.— He was born 
in Granville County, North Carolina; 
studied law; in 1810 represented Mecklen- 
burg in the State Legislature, and, in 1816, 
the County of Halifax; was for several 
years Attorney-General of the State. He 
served as a Representative in Congress, 
from North Carolina, from 1819 to 1824, and 
was a member of the Committees on the 
Judiciary and Military Affairs; he was 
then elected Governor of North Carolina, 
from 1824 to 1827. He died in Iredell 
County, April 21, 1836. 

Burton, Robert. — He was a Delegate 
from North Carolina to the Continental 
Congress, from 1787 to 1788. 

Burwell, William, E. — He was a 

Representative in Congress, from Vir- 
ginia, from 1808 to 1821. Died February 
16, 1821, in Washington City, before the 
expiration of his term. 

Busby, George H. — He was born in 
Darstown, Northumberland County, Penn- 
sylvania, July 10, 1794. In 1810 he re- 
moved with his father to Ohio, where he 
acquired a knowledge of the cabinet-mak- 
ing business and devoted himself to farm- 
ing. In 1824 he was appointed Clerk of 
the Court of Common Pleas and of the Su- 
preme Court, and subsequently a Recorder 
of Deeds in the County of Marion ; and he 
was a Representative in Congress, from 
1851 to 1853, from Ohio. 

Butler, Andrew Plclcens.—Re was 

born in Edgefield District, South Carolina, 
November 19, 1796. He graduated at 
South Carolina College in 1817, studied 
law and came to the bar in 1818, became 
a member of the Legislature when quite a 
young man, and was appointed, in 1835, 
one of the Judges of the General Sessions 
of Common Pleas, which office he held 
until 1847, when he was appointed by the 
executive to fill the vacancy in the United 
States Senate caused by the death of Mr. 
McDuffie. He was subsequently elected 



04 



nio(nis\rurOAT4 JiKaorn>f(. 



\\i(»* liutds ottloo (U tl»oll»i\< or 1>I'* >l<'i\lli. 
\\\\W\\ oooui'l'tHt \\\ liU \\\\\\u\ Miiy y.A, 
l)<.>.', Mo \VH"< \\ H\t\\\^H\\u\\\ \\( nhilliy Mu\ 
\ni\ii»MuhM wtH n i't>li»nvo of Pi'ivnioo s, 
U»H<oK*i M\\\ It \v»>'* lu'otuiMo \»r I'OMiurK-* 
t\\{\vl»> ui»ouii Ittiu In »lol<(»lo. b\ ri>t>H»v«t 

vSU\(U>t'«\ «l>!»l Mr. nrO\>lv« UVmlO H lUM'-^vmiU 
H,'<«.'«)Mlll \\\^\\\\ M\\ SUIUI\(M', 

btu'iv, liU(s.on\t» <\HMU\« \V»»>>Myhm>l)», i\» 
Mrtivh. IfiK^i tirmlimivM «i rrluv«»'io\> iNO 
Wa,^» In ISIfi >v«*| l)»\v «t ll»o l.liol\il\^lvl 
Woiu»v>l» wuvl wn^ «»l\\>Uh'vl to iUv> l»!U' In 

lJ<aO, Uo HlMHOvl tlUVO l<M'U\'« h» (ho l,«*Jf' 

liliktiMV \>r ro»uuylvtu»l)»t Wf^j* u Koptv 
^o^^lt>(l\\> lu ro\\\iiVH<«. A\m\» Pom>j<yl\iUU»». 
t^^^n^ ^;*l,^ tv> ^S,^0. m\\\ wtvt t» >»UMuh\M> \\( 
tl\\M\\i\\\»\Ht(^v> vm Ko\olulUM»iU'v riahns, 

\V(\M bv\iM> luvSv^nih nv>o(MlcM, Now U)U\\|u 
i*!\hv, NoxouvUovA, ISIf*i l\l?« ^{rjnultUihow 
i'xOi^hjudjUK hiui»\tf (vow i\\\ \<;l\v>vM' \\\ il\o 
Kv>vohulvM\» M\\\ \\U \)\\\\\^\\ vlv>l\>»> hi>vl\vtf 

»0>*VOvl U\»U»MM<«M»or{>l ,I«oKhvM» 'M N»nv O^ 

U>»n«*» Uo )ir«vln(Uo*l tu WiUo^'vlllo IN^I- 
U^^> U\ \^y\^\ >*tuvUovl Uuv, m\\\ WW h^Am 
»vl»«luovl lo «|h> l^nk* mMIUhJ \\\ \^<\\\\A\y 
M«M>i\olH»!«oH'*, |\moUHhv!i)t hh |MN»iVs?tlv\n 
U\ {\\M \^ty i\\\\\ \\\ UvVHioni In IS^;> lyo \v«s 
olvvlovl U\ iho Sduo ^.o^i^^^;>^n^^^ (»nvl \v;«s 
>alvMOonouUy {\ tnonOuM' \»rihv» v\n\vonilon 
tAMH»vlx0 ^\\^^ 8inU> i\m!<HUUU>n{ \\\ lJ<%V> 
ho \Y5\5* oUvlo\> u> «lu» SirtU» vSvM\(Uoj In 
\J<«U» \\{>!« n O^lotfiUo U> Uw iM(;u^losiv»n 
iVMUontlvMU In V^tll wrt!* «|v(»olniovl « 
Uolji^vUoMJonornU «nvl onUMV\< uoUw^l^v 
ln<\* H>o vv)U' nu»vvMnon('«i IvUxvlhoolosV 
\\0 th«l \o,»u' \\\i \\«H n\!Ulo iv M)vl»»' <'^'*»'^ 
oiwU wk^'^lnitf «H «*«ol> In Now Ovloan* «nil 
\«olvM>^"« vMlvov |>*MMlv>n^H \>r tho wbv^lllons 
>*<s^tO!ti rtt \\w vMno\n>»hn\ of tho IJoUoUlon 
ho »^^*un\o\l hU j^^^ftv^vxIvMx of h>\v l>\ L\>\\^ 
oiK «uvvl In U^<^rt ho vw^?* oJooiovi « Uo(n\w 
?*on<«tl\Ox t^\>nx M«?*»«oh«!toM?*, to iho 
VvWloKh i\Nvv«;<vs{*j !*ovvhvat on tho 0\>nw 
\«\Uoiv» vvn 0»\<n«noo «n\> A|\(M\>>\rt«» 
U\M\!*» «niii »!» OU»UMn«n of Un> vSnooUU 
Oon^nUUoo on lUo A?is«s!*ln«i(lon of Istvsi. 
<)oni Ivlnos^lni {\nv< ho \v«s ono of Iho 
!U4^n>>,^\ »\* In tho Invi^OHohmoni TH*1 of 
AnvUvw *<ohn^on, 

WwW»»»s K4»«»».— Uo \v«s i\ Kop>wsont' 
«tU\^ In <\MV!AX'^^^!*v tVnv VoxMnvnx, ftSMU 
!l8lsH u\ ISKV s^na i^nvnxor of U»«t *i<«lo 
vhu^hvtf 'ho yxs^\^ U<^it5 >^nvl U'isi^?, Uo vUovl 
At \Y>^5o>lnu^y> Yomuw,i> Jnly h^i UVS}«, 

IJ«II<*»\ Jtvjt^wJI*— Worn In ItvM^KUx^^ 
h>»n\ Ovnnny\ Nxw Ujuniwhhv. In ir>\V4^na 
vUovt «l IKhm^kIoIO, Oou>bov in>. U<^«> Ho 
liX'Wxtn^lxHl «< U«v\«^\\< TnUv^Vuy U\ Iv^^iVjij 
^nnllovl U^w tn Vt»>ilnU<»» »nvi \>\wo«l!*ovl It 
tn hlv^ v>«Uv\* f*u^h\ Uo \v»* ^vjvis^UHtly 

ohVUH^ «\* tho 8»^\«0 l<!iit>thHtn\Vj \\\^5« A 

<\»wwii^v {<h<?v'lrt* >^nvi » vMoi^ of tho OvMuts 



ITo wn-* olootoil n ltopro«oi\tntlvo In Con* 11 

jii'osH, iVoiw Now lliimp^hli'o, III ISir.mul ;? 
Norvoil In lliiil OiipiioUy mil 11 Ifi'Vl. olllotiit,« ' 
lil^' wt «Mi;ili'\n,in »>(■ tl\o (\vuui\llloo on 
A»ii'loiilHiro vliii'liiH' tlio SovonlovMilli Cvui- 
m'oM^. Mo wiis lUon timioliUoil .liuljio »>r IN 
lUo HuMoiMor (\mi>l ot Now Ihiiiipslilro, 
Wliloh lio hold iioltl (ho (>(lh'0 wtin i\\u\\- , 
InIio«1, 

tiittlrr l*tf^lH*f*, ■ Moomno ot'tlio (^un- 
Uv oi' iho OiiKos of Oniioiul. In Iroliiiul. 
Uot\M"o (ho U'ovoliuhMi l\o \v»!* a Mi^oi' In 
u Uvlllvh i'«vu1niont In UohIoii, but (illoi^ 
^Viu^h jiltnohod hlinj«olf [w tho ropnUHoiUV 
InNllHillons »>!' Aiuorto!*. In 1*8" ho wsis 
i> Oolv\u»lo, l^^>^n Sonlh riU\>Un;v. 1o tlio 
oUl i \Migro>»!* J In l.'SvS, IV inoniUoi' of tho 
(\nivoi\ttv>n wliloh lV!Uiu>\l tho Ooiif<lilii- 
tlon of tho l'nlto»l SiiUoH. IdivIii-m' >H|«>novl 
tho»»\ivot «iul. niiilor It. Wi»'^ ono wt tho 
ili^t SoniUvnv* \\\\\\\ Sonth t\uv»lln«. (\\\\\ 
iviniilno^l In Ov>iiitf\VMj» Mil Ki'tt. Mo Wiis 
ono v»r tho>»o who vvMoil t\n' Kvnitliisf tho 
vSoiit of l}\n>oriunoiil vmi Mio I'ot^Miitio. 
On tho iloiith of »l, K, riiUnvnii. In lSOi>, 
hv> booiuiu* (iHJiln i\ f^ontit^M* In ronjiivsjt, 
bnt. ivsljiiuhl In IS0»> Mo W!iJ< «>|>pv*sv>»| to 
.Hvnno of \ ho inotivnivs of \V«>!*hliijj;(on\H ml- 
\nliilsti\Ulx>n. hnl wpins^VvHl y\f tho w-!>v of 
ISIiJ. IUmIUM rtt »\ilhnloli>ht{». Kohnuiry 
l,N, l^atf, «^vv< !*ovont,v->iovon. 

titttft^tu Koilf^t'h'k K,— Mo w«s hotn\ 

In \\\\tho\Hlo, Vli\uliih>! \vool\o\l sv llin. 
Iiovl ovlnoiUloni ooininonoovl Ui\> jis ;> mo- 
ohnnlo. hnt Inuintf stiullo<l law. inU^ptovl 
thiU pi'otVsslon nn»l sottlo^i In IVninvssooj 
ho w<>'* « »lnstloo vvf tho lV«oo, i\ M;vlo>*of 
tho MiUtl^i, « l\wu«;»ior nivvloo riv>Ulont. 
KlUnnnv! ,xovvovl twv> yo;u\^ In tho Stnio 
A?*?*on\hly nnvl v>no In tho vStiUo S^ntuot 
\V!\j< n v\Minty *hnl>iv, nini n Uloi»iion;int« 
i'oUniol <lnrln«; tho Kotvlllon; niivl \v:U'» 
j^tihj^ovjnonM;** .invl^r^ of tho Klwt JnvlU Inl 
lU!*tvlot vHf tho StatOi hv^UUnjf tho vmUv^» 
t\\>in lSi5A to lv^t»7, whon ho \V!>'* olooto<l tt 
Kv»jMVsont)Ulvv\ t\\Mn IVninvvsoo, to tho 
Kovt U^ h (\><»^^tvs>i. Uo \v«i>» nlvv* rhul rinun 
of tho UojuwhUojvn 8t»lo l\>nuuUloo. 

WMWr»»». St*m.*im II. -Mo \v«?» horn 
In Svntth <\u\NUn;i. suul was a Uopivsont,*** 
tho \\\ K\\m\\^*x tV\>m that !St»to. ft\M« 
KS40 to t>^4«. 

WwW«*»N Thom^ta* —Mo W{»» hvM>n In 
0«HUIo« \Vnn\\ U j»nl;\» «n\t \V!H h Kopiv- 
?»ont At Uo In i\mv«>\V'^<. t\N>in l.v>nl!*l»n«. 
t\\Mn iJ^tx^ to lv<ai, \>UM Ati^iinsi u. 

WwWr^r, T^<»M♦tf^'« IJ. Mo \\cis horn 
In WothvMNttohl, i\M\nootlontv In tSvK? 
WAS vHlnortttsl » tiuvyovj so>^o\l In tho 
iVnnootlont liOwUljUnw; «»nvl was « Uop» 
»\\sont«tlvv In iNMijixx^^. ^^^>»^ vVnnootl- 



II 1 0(1 It, A I' in a A I. It. i<: a o n h s . 



Gb 



of tlifi Ifitc H(!iiator A. V. Bntlcr, nnd 

gradii.'iuid at, Mk! Oolloyo of H')iitli ('/iro- 
lliKi (IS a Htud'jfit of (ficdiciiK!; nerved (iH 
(111 Oi'Ilccr mid .Sur;:?ofni boUi in ilie Army 
and Navy of Mio XUsMvA ,Sl,al.(;f<; and vva?4 
H U(!|)n;H(!ii(.al.lv(; ill Corij^reHH, from HonlJi 
C.'irdina, i'TDm \m\ la 1811. Ho died 
Decoiiiljcr H, 1821. 

liuUer, IViMlam. — W''. wasaual.lvo 
of H jiitJi (/'arolina; K''"dnaf,(;d ttfc the 
SoiiMi ('arolina (Jollej^f; In 1810; and wast 
ft U(!))roHont,aMv(; in (/'oii{;rcMH, from HonMi 
Carr)lliia, from IHil t,o IHl'J. IIo was Mie 
broUier of t,lie lafe Henalor A. 1', IJiitler, 
and lih wife, was ifi(! Mister of tlio lato 
(Jotnmodoro O. If. Vt;rry. 

Jiiiller, WMia/m O.— Ffr; was horn 
In .Icssamine (Joiinty, F(eiit,fir;ky, in J7!*iJ, 
and eaiiic of a faifiily iiononibly IdenMilerj 
Willi llie IJevfdiiUon, lie w;is liberally 
educated, and vvlieri the war of 181 li In'oke 
onfc lie r'ulistrid as a Holdler; was an en- 
«i;<n under Oenciral VVineliesLer, at the 
batlJo of the liiver llaisin; and ilnfl(;r 
Oe.neral Jaeksoii, in the HoiiUi, he attained 
thf! rank of (laptain, and was made a 
Colonel Ifi 1817. After Hpendin;< many 
ycarM In rritlrement, he was eler;t,ef| a llep- 
rcsentative in (,'oni(ress, from Kentiif;ky, 
In 18;»;>, and re-elected in 1811; and fhir- 
In^ the war with Mexico he obtained such 
(listlnclion th;it he was promot-ed to the 
pOHiMon of ,Major-(/ener;d in the rej^nlar 
army; a sword was voted to him hy Con- 
gress, iMarch 2, 1817; and when Oeneral 
Scott was r(!eall<;d from thr; (jity f>f M<!X- 
ico, General IJntler was left chief-ln-com- 
inand, and amifjuncefl the ratlflcaMoti of 
the treaty (jf p'^ace, May 2'.), Mt8. In 
1818 lie was the l^emocratic candidate for 
■Vice-President, on the ticket with I/!wis 
Cass for President. lie was appr/mted, 
by President, Pierce, Governor of .Vehraska 
Territfjry, but declined the appointment. 
He Is the anthor of many fnf^if.ivr; pieces 
of po(!try, Hcveral of which possess un- 
common merit, and one, entitled "The 
Boat Horn," hasatta/mcfl j(reat popularity. 
In 1801 he was mranber of the i'eiw;e (jon- 
gresH held in Washington. 

Ilulman, Hamut'I.—Wa wnn a rnem- 

I of the Maine liCf^ishature in 182;^, 
J8:;;f;, and 1827, and a llef^resentative In 
Cori:^ress, from Prmobscot ('ounty, Maine, 
from 1S27 to 18>';i, and was a member of 
tlie Onnmitteeon Internal Improvements. 
In 1810 he was a ('ounty Onnrnlssioner, 
and in 185'} was re-elected to the Le;<isla,- 
tnre, and made President of the .Senate. 
Died in 1801. 

Jiuft,f',r/l('J.d, Martin. — lie was 

elect,(!d a Piei^resentative, from New York, 
to the Thirty-sixth Oouj^^rnHH, »ervln^ as 
(/hairman of the Committee on Agricul- 
ture. 



Uf/nff/m, JeHHe A.— Horn In Halifax 
Oinnl.y, North (Jarolina. He wa« (idii- 
cated at Union (jollege, New York ; servcjd 
a number of yoai'» in the Htate IyO,j;isli:i- 
tnre; was a iw.mhur of (,'on;:<reH.s, from 
North GarrWIiia, from I8;;;5 to 18(1. Whlhj 
in ('oii^(i'ess hr; fon^lit, a du'd wi li Danhd 
.Jf:iii/V;r, wliif;li terminated liarmhsssly ; 
and at the ch>se of ilia last term' ho re- 
moved to Louisiana. 

fUihfiU, Edwfird C.~\'>'tr\\ in (tich- 
mond, Vir^^inia, 1817; f^raduatfjd at the 
(iniversity rjf Vir:^inia; and in 18;J7 rc- 
movefl to th(! Territory of Florida,, where 
he Hctthul as a cotton plantfir. lie repre- 
sented the Htate of Florida in (^on.%'ress, 
froiri 1 8 17 to 18r/5. 

iUihcM, H'l.rniirJ, .T. — ln tlie be;;'ln- 
nlii^c of the w;ir of the b'.evolntion he \VM 
at VViHia.m and Mary (yiiWi-.'^c, and left 
there U> join the first armed f;orps raJsed 
in Vir;^inia, and soon attaitifid the rank of 
Lieutenant- (Joloiiel in the (jontinental 
Army, servln;:^ with honor in all the cam- 
p!i,i!,'ns, till the fall of (/'harlestfin, Ma,y 12, 
1780, when he b(!<;afne a prisoner, and the 
c.losr! of thf! war restored liim to libfirty. 
For many years he was a nifanber of the 
Virginia Assembly, and a Ue()r<;seiitativo 
in (,'f>nj^ress, from Vlrj(inla, from 17!>.'; to 
180('!. He died in Nelson (!oiinty, Vir- 
i(inia, Heptcmlicr 4, 1818, aged Hixty-one 
years. 

C!aMe, tJoHCpli. — He was born in 
Ohio, and was a lleprosentative In Con- 
gress, from tliafc Htale, from ISd'J to 1853. 

fjahot^ fjcorffc, — Porn in Balem, 
Massac)iusr-,tf,s, in 1752, and employefl the 
early part, of his life in t'(tri-A<^ri commerce, 
IJefore lif; was twenty-six years ohl he 
was elected a member of the Provincial 
(Jon:<ress, from Massachusetts, w\ii;r(; ho 
advocated those principles of political 
economy for which he was afterwards dii»- 
tin^juished ; he was a member of the (Jon- 
vention which formed the (jonstitution of 
that State, and also of that vviiich ratified 
the (yonstitution of tlie United States, to 
promote vvhicli he mafle the most strenu- 
ous exertions. Fro'u 1701 to 1700 ho 
served In the United States Senate, and 
was one of the most dlstinj^uished mem- 
bers <}f that body ; a confidential friend 
of W.ashini^ton and Hamilton, to the lat- 
ter of whom he rendered most important 
assistance in formin;^ his financial system. 
In 1808 he w,'is a memiier of the (council 
of Massachusetts, and in 1814 a I)ele;<ate 
U} the Hartford (Convention, and wa» 
made President of that body. He, after 
that period, retired from public life, and 
died at lJost,on, April 18, 182», aged 
seventy-two. 

Cfifl/wa/,afff,r, Jnhn, — He was bom 

in I'e.nimylv.'ifiia, and was* a lieprcsenta- 



66 



BIOaBAPHlCAL BECOBDS. 



tive, from that State, to the Thirty-fourth 
Congress. 

Cadwalader, Latnbert, — He was 
born in Trenton, New Jersey. He com- 
manded a regiment early in the llevolu- 
tion, and was a Representative in Con- 
{iress, from Pennsylvania, from 1789 to 
1791, and again from 1793 to 1795. He 
Avas one of those who voted for locating 
the Seat of Government on the Potomac. 
He died in Trenton, September 12, 1823, 
aged eighty-two years. He was also a 
Delegate to the Continental Congress, 
from 1784: to 1787. 

Cadiff Daniel. — He was born in 
Chatham, Columbia County, New York, 
April 29, 1773; was bred a shoemaker; 
studied law, admitted to the bar in 1795, 
and practised with success ; and was a 
Representative in Congress, from New 
York, from 1815 to 1817, having previous- 
ly served five years in the State Legisla- 
ture. In 1846 he was elected a Judge of 
the Supreme Court of New York, which 
he resigned in 1856; 'and he was a Presi- 
dential Elector in 1856, when he presided 
over the College. In April, 1859, without 
a moment's warning, he became totally 
blind. Died in Johnstown, New York, 
October 31, 1859. 

Cadjf, John W. — He was a member 
of the New York Assembly in 1822, and a 
Representative in Congress, from that 
State, from 1823 to 1825. 

Cage, Harry. — He was a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from Mississippi, from 
1833 to 1835. 

Cahoon, William.— IIq was a Presi- 
dential Elector in 1809, and a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from Vermont, from 
1829 to 1833. From 1815 to 1820 he was 
also a State Councillor; County Judge for 
nine years ; Lieutenant Governor of Ver- 
mont in 1820 and 1821; and for seven 
years a member of the State Legislature. 

CaJce, Senry L. — Born in Northum- 
berland, Pennsylvania, October 6, 1827; 
educated in the schools of his native town ; 
learned the business of printing at Harris- 
burg, and settled in Schuylkill County in 
1847; was elected Brigadier-General of 
Militia in 1854; on the 18th of April, 1861, 
he arrived in Washington in command of 
the first five hundred soldiers enlisted to 
put down the Rebellion, and was quartered 
in the Capitol twenty-four hours before 
any other volunteers had arrived ; in May, 
these troops were organized as the 25th 
Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteers, and 
he was elected its Colonel ; after serving 
for a time under Generals Stone and Pat- 
terson, he reorganized his regiment, which 
became the 96th, and continued in the 
service until 1863, when he resigned. Be- 



fore entering the army he was twice a 
candidate for the State Senate ; and in 
18G6 he was elected a Representative, from 
Pennsylvania, to the Fortieth Congress, 
serving on the Committees on Printing, 
the Library and Roads and Canals. 

Caldwell, George ^.— He was born 
In Kentucky, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1843 to 
1845, and again from 1849 to 1851. He 
was also a Delegate to the Philadelphia 
" National Union Convention " of 1866. 

Caldwell, Greene TF.— Born in Gas- 
ton County, North Carolina, April 13, 1811. 
He studied medicine, and practised with 
success, but subsequently devoted himself 
to the law. He served a number of years 
in the State Legislature, and Avas a mem- 
ber of Congress, from North Carolina, 
from 1841 to 1843. He was subsequently 
appointed Superintendent of the United 
States Mint, at Charlotte, which position 
he resigned. He participated in the war 
with Mexico as volunteer Captain of a 
company of dragoons. 

Caldwell, Jatnes.— Re was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Ohio, from 
1813 to 1817. 

Caldwell, Joseph P.— Born in Ire- 
dell County, North Carolina, in 1808. He 
was educated at Bethany Academy; 
studied law; and entered public life in 
1838, as a member of the State Legisla- 
ture, where he served a number of years, 
and was a Repi'esentative in Congress, 
from North Carolina, from 1849 to 1853. 

Caldwell, Patrick C— He was a 

native of South Carolina, and a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from that State, from 
1841 to 1843, serving on the Committee on 
Manufactures. 

Calhoun, John.— Re was born in 
Kentucky, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1835 to 
1839. 

Calhoun, John C— Born in Abbe- 
ville District, South Carolina, March 18, 
1782. He was of an Irish family. His 
father, Patrick Calhoun, was born in Ire- 
land, and at an early age came to Pennsyl- 
vania, thence went to the western part of 
Virginia, and after Braddock's defeat, 
moved to South Carolina in 1756. At the 
age of thirteen he was put under the charge 
of his brother-in-law. Dr. Waddell, in Co- 
lumbia County, Georgia. He entered Yale 
College in 1802, and graduated with dis- 
tinction; studied law at Litchfield, Con- 
necticut ; and in 1807 was admitted to the 
bar of South Carolina. The next year he 
entered the Legislature of that State, 
where he served for two sessions with 
ability and distinction, and in 1811 was 



BIOaitAPHICAL BECOBDS. 



67 



elected to Congress, where he continued 
until 1817, when he became Secretary of 
War under President Monroe, and con- 
ducted the affairs of that department with 
energy and ability for seven years. In 
1825 he was elected Vice-Pi^esident, and in 
1831, upon General Hayne"s leaving the 
Senate to become Governor of South 
Carolina, Mr. Calhoun resigned the Vice- 
Presideucjs and was elected a member of 
the United States Senate by the Legisla- 
ture of South Carolina. After the expira- 
tion of his senatorial term, he went vol- 
untarily into retirement. Upon the death 
of Mr. Upshur, in 1843, he assumed the 
conduct of the State Department, which 
he held until the close of President Tyler's 
administration. In 1845 he was again 
elected Senator, which ofSce he held until 
his decease. From 1811, when he entered 
Congress, until his death, he was rarely 
absent from Washington, and during the 
most of that period he was in the public 
service of his State and country. He en- 
tered Congress at a time of unusual ex- 
citement, preceding the declaration of war 
of 1812, and had great influence in favor 
of that measure. In the difficulties and 
embarrassments upon the termination of 
war, and the transition to a peace estab- 
lishment, he took a responsible part. As 
a presiding officer of the Senate he was 
punctual, methodical, and accurate, and 
had a high regard for the dignity of the 
body, which he endeavored to preserve 
and maintain. His connection witii nulli- 
fication, his views of the tariff, his opin- 
ions in regard to slavery, and the many 
and exciting questions arising from it, 
are well known. He shaped the course 
and moulded the opinions of the people 
of his own State, and of some otlier 
Southern States, upon all these subjects. 
Amid all the strifes of party politics, there 
always existed between him and his politi- 
cal opponents a great degree of personal 
kindness. He died in Washington City, 
March 31, 1850, leaving behind him the 
reputation of one of the greatest and the 
purest of American statesmen. His col- 
lected writings and speeches were pub- 
lished in six volumes, in 1854-'7, accom- 
panied with a biography. 

Calhoun, John ^.— Born in 1749, 
and graduated at Princeton College in 
1774. He afterwards studied law, in which 
profession he became distinguished. Af- 
ter being for many years in the State Leg- 
islature of South Carolina, he was a Sen- 
ator in Congress, from South Carolina, 
from 1801 to 1802. He was a decided 
republican, and supporter of Mr. Jeffer- 
son. He was one of the Committee who 
were instructed to report a modification 
of the judiciary system of the United 
States. He died in Pendleton District, 
November 3, 1802. 

Calhoun, J'oseph.—RQ was a Repre- 



sentative in Congress, from South Caro- 
lina, from 1807 to 1811. 

Calhoun, William B.— He was boru 
in Boston, Massachusetts, December 29, 
1796; graduated at Yale College in 1814; 
bred to the law; and was a Eepresenta- 
tive in Congress, from his native State, 
from 1835 to 1843. He was also a mem- 
ber of the State Legislature from 1825 to 
1835, and Speaker for two years; Presi- 
dent of the State Senate in 1846 and 1847; 
Secretary of State from 1848 to 1851; 
Bank Commissioner from 1853 to 1855 ; 
Presidential Elector in 1844; and Mayor 
of Springfleld in 1859. Died in Spring- 
field, Massachusetts, November 8, 1865. 

Call, tTacoh. — He was a Eepresenta- 
tive in Congress, from Indiana, from 1824 
to 1825. 

Call, 'Richard JT.— He was born ia 
Kentucky; and having taken an interest 
in military afltiirs, became Aide-de-camp 
to General Jackson in 1818, and was pro- 
moted to a Captain soon afterwards, and 
subsequently was appointed Brigadier- 
General of the Florida Militia. He was 
a member of the Legislative Council of 
Florida in 1822; a Delegate to Congress, 
from that Territory, from 1823 to 1825; 
Eeceiver of Public Money from the Land 
Office ; and he held the position of Gov- 
ernor of Florida from 1836 to 1839, and 
again from 1841 to 1844. Died at Talla- 
hassee in September, 1862. 

Calvert, Charles i5.— He was born 
in Prince George County, Maryland, Au- 
gust 24, 1808 ; received his earliest educa- 
tion in Philadelphia, but graduated at the 
University of Virginia in 1827. His whole 
life has been devoted, on a large scale, to 
the pursuits of agriculture. He was for 
many years President of the Maryland 
Agricultural Society; also of the Prince 
George County Society; and Vice-Presi- 
dent of the United States Agricultural 
Society. He has devoted special atten- 
tion to the raising of superior breeds of 
cattle, every vai'iety of which he has tried 
on his extensive farms. He was elected 
to the Legislature of Maryland in 1839, 
1843, and 1844 ; and was elected a Eepre- 
sentative from Maryland to the Thirty- 
seventh Congress, serving on the Com- 
mittees on the District of Columbia, and 
on Agriculture. Died at Riverside, Mary- 
land, May 14, 1864. 

Calvin, Samuel. — Born in Washing- 
tonville, Columbia County, Pennsylvania, 
July 30, 1811. At the age of sixteen, 
after the death oT his father, he was 
thrown upon his own resources, and be- 
came a school-teacher, with the view of 
supporting his father's family and obtain- 
ing the means for a classical education ; 
he accomplished this object ; subsequently 



G8 



BIOGEAPHIGAL BEC0BD8. 



studied law, and was admitted to the bar 
iu 1836, and practised in HoUidaysburg, 
Pennsylvania. In 1848 lie was elected a 
member, from Pemisylvauia, of the Thirtj^- 
flrst Congress, and iu 1850 declined a re- 
election. 

Cambreleng, Churcliill C — He 

■was born iu Washington, North Carolina, 
in 1786, and received an academical educa- 
tion at Newbern, in that State. He had 
a special fondness for field sports, but did 
not let them interfere with liis duties as a 
clerk iu a Carolina store, where he was 
engaged for two years. He removed to 
NeV Yorli City in 1802, which has since 
that time beeu his home, excepting the 
year 1806, when he was a coiinting-house 
clerk in Providence, Rhode Island. He 
engaged at an early day iu mercantile 
pursuits with Jolin Jacob Astor, and 
travelled extensively over the world. He 
was a Representative in Congress, from 
New York, from 1821 to 1839, and offici- 
ated as Chairman of tlie Committees on 
Commerce, Ways and Means, and on For- 
eign Affairs. His reports and political 
pamphlets were at one time very numerous, 
— one of the former, on Commerce and 
Navigation, having gone through several 
editions and been republished in London. 
While travelling in Europe, in 1839, ho re- 
ceived the appoiutment of Minister to 
Russia, and on his return to tlie United 
States he retired to private life. Died at 
West Neck, Long Island, April 30, 1862. 

earner on, Simon.— Re was born in 
Lancaster Count3s Pennsylvania, iu 1799, 
and was left an orphan when only nine 
years of age. He educated himself while 
pursuing the employment of a printer iu 
newspaper offices at Harrisburg and in 
Washington City, and when twenty-two 
years of age edited and published a Demo- 
cratic journal at the former city, having 
previously had charge of a paper, the 
" Pennsylvania Intelligencer," at Do^des- 
town, Pennsylvania. In 1832 he estab- 
lished the Middletown Bank, and devoted 
much of his attention to the railroad inter- 
ests of his native State, and before enter- 
ing Congress he was the Cashier of a 
bank. President of two railroad compa- 
nies, and Adjutant-General of the State. 
He was first elected a Senator iu Congress 
in 1845, where he served until 1849, and 
he was re-elected to the same position in 
1857, for the term ending in 1863, but re- 
signed in 1861. He was spoken of in 1860 
as one of the candidates for the Presi- 
dency, and in 1861 became Secretary of 
War under President Lincoln. He re- 
signed that position, and was appointed 
Minister to Russia in 1862. He was also 
a Delegate to the Baltimore Convention 
of 1864, and to the Philadelphia "Loyal- 
ists' Convention " of 1866 ; and in January, 
1867, he was again chosen a Senator in 
Congress for the term ending in 1873, 



serving on the Committees on Poreiga 
Relations, Military Affairs, and Ordnance, 
and as Chairman of that on Agriculture. 

CatnJ>ell, Alexander.— -He was born 
in Virginia iu 1779 ; was bred a physician ; 
removed to Kentucky in 1785; was a 
member of the Kentucky Legislature in 
1800 ; removed to Ohio in 1803 ; was a 
member of the Ohio Legislature iu 1808 ; 
was a Senator iu Congress from that 
State from 1809 to 1813 ; served as a State 
Senator from 1813 to 1823; and died at 
Ripley, Ohio, November 6, 1857. 

Cainbell, Broolcins. — He was born 

in Washington County, Tennessee, in 
1808 ; was for many years a member of 
the State Legislature, and in 1845 was 
unanimously elected Speaker. He was an 
officer in the Quartermaster's Department 
in the war with Mexico, and a member of 
Congress, from Tennessee, from 1853 to 
the time of his death, which occurred in 
Washington, District of Columbia, De- 
cember 25, 1853. 

Campbell, George W. — He was 

born in Tennessee, in 1768 ; graduated at 
Princeton College in 1794; received a 
good education; was a Representative iu 
Congress, from Tennessee, from 1803 to 
1809, serving during the last two years of 
his term as Chairman of the Committee 
on Ways and Means ; was Judge of the 
United States District Court; was elected 
Senator of the United States in 1811, but 
resigned on being appointed Secretary of 
the Treasury in 1814. He resumed his 
seat in the Senate the following year, and 
served till 1818, when he was appointed 
Minister to Russia, where he remained 
until 1821. In 1831 he was appointed one 
of the Commissioners to settle the claims 
on Prance. He died at Nashville, Tennes- 
see, February 17, 1848. 

Campbell, tTames JET.— He was born 
in Williamsport, Lycoming County, Penn- 
sylvania, February 8, 1820 ; graduated at 
the Carlisle Law School; was admitted to 
the bar in 1841 ; was a member in 1844 of 
the Whig Baltimore Convention ; and was 
a Representative in Congress, from Penn- 
sylvania, from 1855 to 1857, and again 
from 1859 to 1861, serving on the Com- 
mittee on Elections and as a member of 
the Special Committee of thirty-three on 
the rebellious States. Re-elected to the 
Thirty-seventh Congress, serving as 
Chairman of the Committee on the Pa- 
cific Railroad. In 1864 he was appointed 
by President Lincoln, Minister Resident 
to Sweden. 

Campbell, John.— Re was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Maryland, 
from 1801 to 1811; also Judge of the Or- 
phans' Court in Charles County, where he 
died June 23, 1828, aged sixty-three years. 



BIOGBAPHIGAL BECOBDS. 



69 



Camphell, John.— lie was born .in 

South Carolina; graduated at the South 
Carolina College iu 1819; and was a llep- 
reseutati\^e in Congress, from that State, 
from 1829 to 1838, and again from 1837 to 
1845. Died at his residence iu Marlbor- 
ough District, South Carolina, May 19, 
1845. 

Campbell, J'oJm, — He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Kentucky, 
from 1837 to 1843. 

Campbell, John S. — He was born 
in Teuusylvaula, and was a Representa- 
tive in Congress, from that State, from 
1845 to 1847. 

Camphell, John J*.— He was born 
in Kentucky, and was a Representative, 
from that State, to the Thirty-foiu'th Con- 
gress. 

Campbell, John W. — He was born 
in Augusta County, Virginia, and was a 
Representative in Congress, from Ohio, 
from 1817 to 1827. Died September 24, 
1833. 

Campbell, Lewis D. — Born in 
Franklin, Warren Count}', Ohio, August; 
9, 1811. Pie received a limited education ; 
was attached at an early day to the " Cin- 
cinnati Gazette," as printer and assistant 
editor; subsequently had the entii-e con- 
trol of another political paper; and, hav- 
ing studied law, was admitted to practice. 
He was elected a member of Congress, 
from Ohio, in 1848, and was re-elected 
to each successive Congress, down to the 
Thirty-tlfth, when his seat was contested, 
and the House of Representatives decided 
against his claim. During the Thirty- 
third Congress he was Chairman of the 
Committee on Ways and Means. In De- 
cember, 1865, he was appointed by Presi- 
dent Johnson, Minister to Mexico ; but 
before leaving the country, he attended 
as a Delegate, the Philadelphia " National 
Union," and the Cleveland "Soldiers' 
Convention" of 1866. 

Campbell, Robert B.—Re was born 
in South Carolina; graduated at the South 
Carolina College in 1809 ; and was a Rep-, 
resentative in Congress, from South Caro- 
lina, from 1823 to 1825, and again from 
1835 to 1837. He was subsequently ap- 
pointed, by President Fillmore, American 
Consul at Havana, Cuba. 

Catnpbell, Samuel.— Re was born 
in Manslleld, Connecticut, and was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from New York, 
from 1821 to 1823, having previously 
served live years in the Assembly of that 
State. 

Campbell, Thomas J\— He was a 
native of South Carolina, and was a Rep- 



resentative in Congress, from that State, 
from 1834 to 1835. 

Campbell, Thomas J.— Ha was a 

native of Tennessee, and a member of 
Congress, from that State, from 1841 to 
1843, and twice Clerk of the House of 
Representatives, from 1847 to 1850; he 
was also a Presidential Elector iu 1837 and 
1841. During the years 1813 and 1814 he 
was an Assistant Inspector-General of 
Militia. He died in Washington, District 
of Columbia, April 13, 1850. 

Campbell, Tho^npson. — He was 
born iu Pennsylvania, and was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Illinois, from 
1851 to 1853. 

Campbell, William B. — He was 

born iu Tennessee ; read law at Abingdon 
and AVinchester, Virginia; came to the 
bar in his native State and was soon af- 
terwards chosen Attorney-General for the 
Fourth District; was elected to the Ten- 
nessee Legislature in 1835 ; raised a com- 
pany and served as Captain in the Creek 
and Florida wars of 1836 ; and was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from Tennessee, 
from 1837 to 1843, serving on the Com- 
mititees on Claims, Territories, and Mili- 
tary Affairs. In 1844 he was elected 
Major-General of Militia, and was Colonel 
of the First Regiment of Tennessee Vol- 
unteers ill the Mexican war, distinguishing 
himself at the battles of Monterey and 
Cerro Gordo. From 1850 to 1853 he was 
Governor of Tennessee, and in 1857 was 
chosen, by an unanimous vote of the 
Legislature, Judge of the Circuit Court 
of Tennessee. In 1862, without solicita- 
tion on his part, he was appointed by 
President Lincoln a Brigadier-General in 
the Union Army, which he soon I'esigned 
on account of bad health. At the close 
of the war, iu 1865, he was re-elected a 
Representative to the Thirty-ninth Con- 
gress, but was not admitted to his seat 
until near tlie close of the first session of 
that Congress, and during the second 
session he was placed on the Committee 
on the New Orleans Riots. Died in Leba- 
non, Tennessee, August 19, 1867. 

Ca^npbell, Williatn IF.— Born in 
Cherry Valley, New York, June 10, 1806 ; 
graduated at Union College in 1827, and 
studied law with Judge Kent, of New 
York, and in 1831 he commenced the prac- 
tice of his profession in that city, having 
previously written and published a histo- 
ry of the Border War of New York. He 
was a Representative in Congress, from 
New York, from 1845 to 1847, and then 
spent a year in Europe. On his return he 
was appointed a Justice of the Superior 
Court of New York City, and served seven 
years, and was subsequently elected a 
Judge of the Supreme Court of the State. 



70 



BIOGBAPHICAL BECOBDS. 



Canby, Michard S.—TLq was born 
in Ohio, and was a Representative in 
Con<?ress, from that State, from 1847 to 
1849. 

Cannon, Newton. — He was born in 
Guilford County, North Carolina, and was 
a Eepresentative in Congress, from Ten- 
nessee, from 1814 to 1817, and again from 
1819 to 1823, and was also appointed by 
President Moni-oe, in 1819, one of two 
Commissioners to treat with the Chicka- 
" saws. He was also Governor of Tennes- 
see from 1835 to 1839. Died September 
29, 1842. 

Cantlne, John. — He was elected a 
Eepresentative from New York to the 
Eiglitli Congress, but resigned soon after 
taking his seat, and Josiah Hasbrouck 
was elected in his place. 

Caperton, Hugh. — He was born in 
Virginia in 1780; was a farmer by occupa- 
tion ; a member, for many years, of the 
State Legislature ; and a Representative in 
Congress, from the Greenbrier region of 
Virginia, from 1813 to 1815. He died in 
Monroe County, Virginia, February 9, 
1847. 

Carey, George.— Tie. was a native of 
Charles County, Maryland, but removed to 
Georgia, and died in Upson County in 1844. 
He was a Representative in Congress, from 
Georgia, from 1823 to 1827. 

Carey, Jeremiah E.— Born in Cov- 
entry, Rhode Island, April 30, 1803 ; com- 
menced active life in the State of New 
York, by working on a farm and in the 
tannery of an uncle ; he received a good 
common-school education, which he paid 
for by his own exertions as a teacher ; he 
studied law, and was admitted to tlie bar 
in 1829 ; was elected to Congress, from 
Cherry Vallej^ County, in 1842, and, after 
his term as a Representative, removed to 
the City of New York, where he has since 
been engaged in the practice of his pro- 
fession, and holding many important local 
offices connected with the cause of educa- 
tion. 

Carey, John. — Born in Monongahela 
County, Virginia, April 5, 1792; removed 
with iiis parents to the Nortli-west Terri- 
tory in 1798 ; from that period until 1812 
he labored with his father in the tanning 
business ; in 1814 he assisted in building 
the first stone house in Columbus ; after 
which he devoted himself to the various 
employments of carpentering, milling in 
its various branches, and farming; in 1825 
he was elected an Associate Judge, which 
office he held for seven years ; he was 
elected to the Ohio Legislature in 1828, 
1836, and 1843 ; and was elected a Repre- 
sentative, from Oliio, to the Thirty-sixth 



Coflgress, serving on the Committee on 
Agriculture. 

Carlile, John S. — Born in Winches- 
ter, Frederick County, Virginia, Decem- 
ber 16, 1817. He was educated by his 
mother until fourteen years of age, and 
then went into a country store as sales- 
man and clerk, and at the age of seventeen 
commenced business for himself. At the 
the same time he read law, and was ad- 
mitted to the bar in 1840, and settled in 
Beverly, Randolph County, in 1842, to 
practice. He was elected to the State 
Senate in 1847, and served till 1851. In 
1850 he was a member of the Constitu- 
tional Convention of Virginia, and in 
1855 was elected a Representative in Con- 
gress, serving one term. In 1861 he was 
elected a Representative from Virginia to 
the Thirty-seventh Congress, and was 
soon afterwards transferred to the Sen- 
ate, serving on the Committees on Public 
Lands and Territories. His term expired 
in 1865. 

Carlton, Peter. — He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from New Hamp- 
shire, from 1807 to 1809. 

Carmichael, Richard B. — Was a 

native of Maryland ; graduated at Prince- 
ton College in 1828, and studied law ;* Avas 
a Representative from Maryland in the 
Twenty-third Congress; was President 
of the courts of Queen Anne's County, 
Maryland, in 1861. 

Carmichael, William, — Was a 

native of Maryland. In 1776 he aided 
Mr. Deane, the American Minister at 
Paris, in his correspondence; went to 
Berlin to communicate to the King of 
Prussia intelligence concerning American 
commerce, and assisted the American 
Commissioners in Paris. He was a Del- 
egate to the Continental Congress from 
1778 to 1780; was Secretary of Legation 
during Mr. Jay's mission to Spain, and re- 
mained as Charge d'Affaires after Mr. Jay 
left in 1782, and, receiving a commission 
in 1790, retained the office for about fif- 
teen years. In 1792 he was authorized, 
jointly with William Short, to negotiate 
with Spain concerning the navigation of 
the Mississippi River. He died in 1795. 

Carnes, Thomas JP. — ^He was bora 
and educated in Maryland, studied law, 
and settled in Georgia. He was there 
successively Solicitor-General, Attorney- 
General, and Judge of the Supreme Court, 
and was a Representative in Congress, 
from Georgia, from 1793 to 1795. He died 
at Milledgeville, May 8, 1822. 

Carpenter, Davis.— lie was born in 

Walpole, Cheshire County, New Hamp- 
shire, December 25, 1799; received an 



BIOaBAPHICAL BECOBDS. 



71 



academical education; studied medicine, 
and took tlie degree of M.D. at Middle- 
bury Collei(e, Vermont, in 1824. He re- 
moved to tlie State of New York in 1825, 
and tliere attained tlie position of Colonel 
of a rille corps, and was a Representative 
in Congress, from New York, from 1853 
to 1855, in place of A. Boody, resigned. 
He was subsequently devoted to liis pro- 
fession and to surveying. 

Carpenter, Levi D.—Re was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from New York, 
from 1843 to 1845, in the place of Samuel 
Beardsley, resigued. 

Carr, Francis. — He was a member 
of the Massachusetts Legislature fr.)ra 
1806 to 1811, and was a Representative in 
Conirress, from Massachusetts, from 1811 
to 1813. Died in October, 1821, aged six- 
ty-nine years. 

Carr, tTames.—fle served three years 
in the Massachusetts Legislature from 
Bangor, and was a Uepreseutative in Con- 
gress, from Massachusetts, from 1815 to 
1817. 

Carrj John. — He was a Representa- 
tive in Congress, from Indiana, from 1831 
to 1837, and again from 1839 to 1811, and 
died in Clarke County, Indiana, January 
20, 1845. 

Carrington, Edivard. — He was 
born in Virginia, February 11, 174!); was 
an efficient officer during the Revolution ; 
was for some time Quartermaster-General 
of the Army under General Greene, in the 
South, and greatly contributed to the ad- 
vantage gained over the enemy. He was 
afterwards attached to the Army of the 
North, but previously to the evacuation 
of Charleston resumed his former station. 
He was a Delegate to the Continental 
Congress, from Virginia, from 1785 to 
1786 ; was foreman of the jury which tried 
Aaron Burr for treason. He died October 
28, 1810. 

Carroll, Charles, of Carrollton. 

— He was born in Annapolis, Maryland, 
on the 20th of September, 1737; was de- 
scended from a respectable Irish family; 
was of the Roman Catholic religion, and 
inherited a very large estate. He was 
sent at an early age to St. Omer to be 
educated, and afterwards removed to 
Rheims. After having studied civil law 
in France, he went to London and pursued 
the study of common law at the Temple, 
and returned to America at the age of 
twenty-seven. He soon became known 
as an advocate for liberty, and was one of 
the ablest political writers of Maryland. 
In 1776 he was elected a Delegate to the 
old Congress, and subscribed his name to 
the Declaration of Independence, and at 
the time of his death was the last surviv- 



ing signer of that document. In 1778 he 
left Congress, and devoted himself to the 
councils of his native State ; in 1789 he 
was elected a Senator to the new Congress ; 
and in 1810 he quitted public life, and 
passed the reraahider of his days in tran- 
quillity, beloved and revered by his friends 
and neighbors, and honored by his coun- 
try. He was one of those who voted for 
locating the Seat of Government on the 
Potomac; was ever considered a model 
of regularity in conduct and sedateness in 
j udgment ; and died in Baltimore, No vem- 
berl4, 1832. 

Carroll, Charles Jff.— He was born 
in Maryland; was a Representative in 
Congress, from New York, from 1843 to 
1847; a member of the Assembly of tlie 
State in 1836; and a State Senator in 
1837. He was a lawyer by education, but, 
instead of practising, devoted his whole 
time to managing a large estate in tlie 
Genesee couiltry. Died in Groveland, Liv- 
ingston County, New York, in 1865, aged 
seventy-one years. 

Carroll, Daniel. — He was a Dele- 
gate from Maryland to the Continental 
Congress from 178J to 1784; signed the 
Articles of Confederation, and also the 
Constitution; a Representative in Con- 
gress, from Maryland, from 1789 to 1791, 
and was that year appointed Commission- 
er for Surveying the District of Columbia. 
He was also one of those who voted for 
locating the Seat of Government on the 
Potomac. 

Carroll, James. — He was born in 
Maryland, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1839 to 
1841. 

Carson, Samuel P. — Born at Pleas- 
ant Garden, Burke County, North Caroli- 
na. He was for several years a member 
of the State Legislature, and a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from North Carolina, 
from 1825 to 1833. He killed Doctor Rob- 
ert B. Vance in a duel in 1827; and at the 
close of his services in Congress removed 
to Arkansas, where he died in November, 
1840. 

Carter, John. ^— Born on Black 
River, Sumter District, South Carolina, 
September 10, 1792; and graduated at 
South Carolina College, Columbia. He 
was a lawyer by profession; and a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from South Car- 
olina, from 1822 to 1829, when he declined 
a re-election. His residence was Cam- 
den, but he removed to Georgetown, Dis- 
trict of Columbia, in 1836, where he 
remained until his death, which occurred 
June 20, 1850. 

* Carter, Luther <7.— Born in Bethel, 
Oxford County, Maine, February 25, 1805 ; 



72 



BIOQBAPHICAL BECOBDS. 



received an academic education; settled 
in Xew York City, aud devoted himself to 
mercantile pursuits with success ; was a 
member for some years of the Board of 
Education in that city ; aud, having retired 
from business, he settled ou a farm on 
Long Island; and was elected a Eepre- 
seutative, from Xew York, to the Thirty- 
sixth Congress, serving as Chairman of the 
Committee on the District of Columbia. 

Carter, Timothy «J.— He was edu- 
cated for the legal profession ; was Secre- 
tary of the Maine Senate in 1S33 ; County 
Attornej"from 1S33 to 1S37; aud he was a 
Eepresentative in Congress, from Maine, 
from 1S37 to the date of his death, which 
occurred at Washington, March l-t, 1S3S. 

Carter, William 1?.— Born in Ten- 
nessee ia 1812; was a member of tlie 
House aud Senate in the State Legislature ; 
Presideut of the Constitutional Conven- 
tion ; and from 1S35 to 1S41 a Representa- 
tive in Congress from his native State. 
He died in Carter County, Tennessee, 
April 17, ISiS. 

Cartter, David K.—He was born in 
Ivew York, and was a Eepresentative in 
Congress, from Ohio, from 1S19 to 1853. 
In 1801 he was appointed, by President 
Lincoln, Minister to Bolivia, and subse- 
quently a Judge of the Supreme Court of 
the District of Columbia. 

Caritfhers, Hobert i.— TTas bom 
in Smith County, Tennessee. July 31. 1800 ; 
obtained the rudiments of an Euglish ed- 
ucation by his own unaided exertions; 
from 1816 to 1818 he was clerk in a store ; 
subsequently improved his education at 
Woodward Academy aud Greenville Col- 
lege ; studied law and came to the bar in 
1823: served one year as Clerk iu the 
Legislature of Tennessee. Eeturning to 
Lis native county, was appointed Clerk 
of the Chancery Court there ; edited a 
paper for one year; settled in Wilson 
County in 182G, and was soon afterwards 
elected State Attorney, holding the office 
five years ; in 1834 he was elecred a Brig- 
adier-General of Militia; was a member 
of the Tennessee Legislature in 1835; 
was a Presidential Elector in 1845, declin- 
ing to run for Governor; was a Eepre- 
sentative in Congress, from Tennessee, 
from 1841 to 1843. declining a i*e-election ; 
in 1852 was called to a seat on the Su- 
preme Bench of Tennessee, holding the 
position many years ; and was a Delegate 
to the Peace Convention of 1861. 

Caruthers, Sa}niiel.— Born in Madi- 
son County, Missouri, October 13. 1820; 
was educated at Clinton College, Tennes- 
see ; was a lawyer by profession ; and was 
elected a member of the House of Eepre- 
seutatives in Congress, from Missouri, 



from 1853 to 1859 ; and died at Cape Girar- 
deau, Missouri, July 20, 1860. 

Car^f, George B.—A member of Con- 
gress from the Petersburg District, Vir- 
ginia, in 1842 and 1843. He died ia South- 
ampton County, Virginia, March 5, 1850. 

Cary, Samuel JP.— Born in Cincin- 
nati Ohio, February 18, 1814; spent his 
early life ou a farm; graduated at the 
Miami Universit}' iu 1835, aud at the Cin- 
cinnati Law School in 1837 ; practised law 
until 1845, when he retired to a fiirm ; was 
a warm advocate for many years of the 
cause of Temperance ; aud was elected a 
Eepresentative from Ohio to the Fortieth 
Congress, serving on the Committees on 
Education and Labor, and Weights and 
Measures. He was the only member of 
his party who voted against the Impeach- 
ment of President Andrew Johnson. 

Cary, Sliepard. — He was a mer- 
chant and farmer; was a member of the 
Maine Legislature in 1832, 1833. from 1839 
to 1842, iu 1843, and from 1848 to 1854. 
He was a Eepresentative in Congress, 
from Maine, from 1844 to 1845, and served 
as a member of the Committee on Claims. 
In 1836 he Avas a Presidential Elector. 
Died, in Maine, in August, 1866. 

Case, Charles. — Born^at Austinburg, 

Ashtabula County, Ohio, December 21, 
1817;^ a lawyer by profession, and a Eep- 
resentative in the Thirty-titth Congress 
from Indiana. He was a member ot' the 
Committee ou Invalid Pensions. He was 
also re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Con- 
gress, serving on the Committee ou Ter- 
ritories. 

Case, Walter.— He was born in 
Duchess County, Xew York, and was a 
Eepresentative in Congress, from that 
State, from 1819 to 1821. 

Casey, Joseph. — He was born in 
Marylaud, aud was a Eepresentative in 
Congress, from Pennsylvania, from 1849 
to 1851. Iu 1863 he was appointed, by 
President Lincoln, a Judge of the Court of 
Claims. 

Casey, Levi. — He was a Eepresenta- 
tive in Congress, from South Carolina, 
from 1803 to 1807. Died February 1, 1807. 

Casey, Samuel X. — He was elected 
a Eepresentative, from Kentucky, to the 
Thirty-seventh Congress, and was subse- 
quently appointed, by President Lincoln, 
a Commissioner to look after certain na- 
tional interests in the South-western 
States. 

Casey, Zadoc. — He was bom in 
Georgia, and, on removing to Illinois, was 



BIOGBAPniCAL BECOIiDS. 



73 



a Representative in Congress, from that 
State, from 1833 to 1843, and also held the 
officeof Lieutenant-Governor of the State, 
and was a member of one of the State 
Constitutional Conventions. Died at Ca- 
seyville, Illinois, in 1862, aged sisty-sLs 
j-ears. 

CasTcie, John S.—'Re vras born in 
Virginia, and was elected a Representa- 
tive" in Congress, from liis native State, 
from 1S51 to 1855, serving as a member of 
the Committee on the Judiciary. 

Cass, Leivis.— Born in Exeter, New 
Hampshire, October 9, 1782. Having re- 
ceived a limited education at his native 
place, at the eai'ly age of seventeen he 
crossed the Alleghany Mountains on foot, 
to seek a home in the " Great West," then 
an almost unexplored wilderness. Settled 
at Marietta, Ohio; he studied law, and 
was successful. Elected at twenty-five to 
the Legislature of Ohio, he originated the 
bill wliich arrested the proceedings of 
Aaron Burr, and, as stated by Mr. Jeffer- 
son, was the tirst blow given to what is 
known as Burr's conspiracy. In 1807 he 
was appointed, by Mr. Jefferson, Marshal 
of the State, and held the ofEce till the 
latter part of 1811; when he volunteered to 
repel Indian aggressions on the frontier. 
He was elected Colonel of the Third Regi- 
ment of Ohio Volunteers, and entered the 
military service of the United States at 
the commencement of the war of 1312. 
Having by a difficult march reached De- 
troit, he urged the immediate invasion of 
Canada, and was the author of the proc- 
lamation of that event. He was the first 
to land in arms on the enemy's shore, 
and, with a small detachment of troops, 
fought and won the first battle, that of the 
Tarontoe. At the subsequent capitulation 
of Detroit he- was absent, on important 
service, and regretted that his command 
and himself had been included in that 
capitulatioQ. Liberated on parole, he re- 
paired to the seat of government to report 
the causes of the disaster and the failure 
of the campaign. He was immediately ap- 
pointed a Colonel in the regular army, 
and, soon after, promoted to the rank of 
Brigadier-General; having, in the mean 
time, been elected Major-General of the 
Ohio Volunteers. On being exchanged 
and released from parole, he again re- 
paired to the frontier', and joined the army 
for the recovery of Michigan. Being at 
that time without a command, he served 
and distinguished himself, as a volunteer 
aide-de-camp to General Harrison, at the 
battle of the Thames. He was appointed, 
by President Madison, in October, 1813, 
Governor of Michigan. His position com- 
bined, with the ordinary duties of chief 
magistrate of a civilized community, the 
immediate management and control, as 
superintendent, of the relations Avith the 
numerous and powerful Indian tribes in 



that region of country. He conducted 
with success the affairs of the Territory 
under embarrassing circumstances. Under 
his sway peace was preserved between the 
whites and the treacherous and disaffected 
Indians, law and order established, and 
the Territory rapidly advanced in popula- 
tion, resources, and prosperity. He held 
this position till July, 1831, when he was, 
by President Jackson, made Secretary of 
War. In the latter part of 1836 President 
Jackson appointed him Minister to France, 
where he remained until 184:2, when he 
requested his recall, and returned to this 
country. In January, 1845, he was elected, 
by the Legislature- of Michigan, to the 
Senate of the United States; which place 
he resigned on his nomination, in May, 
1848, as a candidate for the Presidency by 
the political party to which he belonged. 
After the election of his opponent (General 
Taylor) to that office, the Legislature of his 
State, in 1849, re-elected him to the Senate 
for the unexpired portion of his original 
term of six years. When Mr. Buchanan 
became President, he invited General Cass 
to the head of the Department of State, 
which position he resigned in December, 
1860. He devoted some attention to literary 
pursuits, and his writings, speeches, and 
State papers would make several volumes ; 
among which is one entitled •' France, its 
King. Court, and Government," published 
in 1840. He died in Detroit, June 17, 
1866. . 

Cassedy, George.— Rq was born in 
Bergen County, Xew Jersey, and was a 
Representative in Congress, from Xew 
Jersey, from 1821 to 1827, and died in 
Hackensack, Xew Jersey, December 31, 
1842, aged fifty-eight years. 

CasiveU, Richard. — Bom in Mary- 
land, August 3, 1729 ; emigrated to Xorth 
Carolina in 1746, where, for some years, 
he was employed in the public offices, and 
afterwards studied and practised law with 
success. From 1754 to 1771 he was a 
member of the Colonial Assembly, and 
for the last two years was Speaker of the 
House of Delegates. He commanded the 
right wing of Tryon's forces at the battle 
of Allamance, in 1771. He was a Delegate 
to the Continental Congress, from 1774 to 
1776. In 1775 he was President of the 
Provincial Congress which framed the 
Constitution of the State, and he Avas 
elected first Governor of Xorth Carolina 
under it, holding that office till 1779. In 
1780 he led the Xorth Carolina troops in 
the battle of Camden. In 17S2 he was 
Speaker of the Senate, and Comptroller- 
General, performing the duties of boih 
offices till 1784, when he was again elected 
Governor, and held that position till he 
became ineligible by the laws of the State. 
In 1787 he was a Delegate to the Conven- 
tion for framing the Federal Constitution. 
In 1789 was elected State Senator, and 



74 



JBIOGJRAPHICAL HECOBDS. 



was a member of the Convention which 
ratified the Constitution. He was also 
Spealver of the Senate, and, whilst pre- 
siding over that body, November 5, 1789, 
he was struck ^ith paralysis, which 
proved fatal in ten days. 

Cathcart, Charles IT.— He was 

bom in the Island of Madeira in 1S09; 
went to sea in early life and studied 
mechanics ; removed to Indiana in 1831 ; 
was for several years a United States 
Surveyor; served in the State Legisla- 
ture ; was a Presidential Elector in 1845 ; 
was elected a Representative in Congress, 
ft-om Indiana, from 1845 to 1849, and was 
a Senator in Congress, from 1852 to 1853, 
by appointment. Of late years he has 
been devoted to farming. 

Catlin, George iS>.— Born in Har- 
wington, Litchtield County, Connecticut, 
in 1809 ; received a common-school and 
academic education; studied law, and 
was admitted to the bar in 1830; and was 
a Kepreseutative in Congress from 1843 
to 1845. He was also a number of years 
in the State Legislature, State Attorney, 
and Judge of the Windham County Court. 
He died in December, 1851. 

Cnttellf Alexander G.—Ue was 
born in Salem, New Jersey, February 12, 
1816; was educated at the village school; 
spent a part of his youth as a Cterb in his 
father's store; was elected in 1840 to the 
State Legislature; from 1842 to 1844 he 
was Clerk of the General Assembly ; and 
in the latter year he was a member of the 
State Constitutional Convention. In 1846 
he settled in Philadelphia as a merchant ; 
became a Director in the Mechanics Bank ; 
and was elected to the city Councils from 
1850 to 1854. In 1855 he returned to New 
Jersey, but continued his business in Phil- 
adelphia; was oue of the early Presidents 
of the Corn Exchange association of that 
city; in 1858 he organized the Corn Ex- 
change Bank and was president of the 
same ; and in 1866 he was elected a Sena- 
tor in Congress from New Jersey, for the 
term ending in 1871, in the place of J. P. 
Stockton, unseated by the Senate, serving 
on the Committees on Finance, and Agri- 
culture, and Public Lands. He was also a 
Delegate to the Philadelphia " Loyalists' 
Convention " of 1866. 

Causin, JTohn M. 5.— He was born 
in Maryland ; was a lawyer by profession ; 
served several terms in the Lt^islatnre; 
was a Representative in Congress, from 
his native State, from 1843 to 1845; and 
in 1849 a Presidential Elector. Died at 
Cairo, Illinois, January 30, 1861. 

Cavanaugh, James M.—B.e was a 
Representative in the Thirty-fifth Con- 
gress, from Minnesota. He was a lawyer 
by profession, and, after leaving Congress, 



settled in the Territory of Colorado, and, 
subsequently removing to Montana, he 
was elected a Delegate from that Territory 
to the Fortieth Congress. 

Chaffee, Calvin C— Born in Sara- 
toga. New York, August 28, 1811. He early 
devoted himself to the study of medicine ; 
graduated at Middlebury College, Ver- 
mont ; and on becoming a citizen of Mas- 
sachusetts, he was elected a Representa- 
tive in Congress, from that State, to the 
Thirty-fourth and Thirty-tifth Congresses, 
serving as a member of the Committee on 
Invalid Pensions. In 1859 he was ap- 
pointed Librarian of the House of Repre- 
sentatives, which office he held until 1861, 
when he was succeeded by the compiler 
of this volume. 

Chalmers^ J'oseph TF.— He was a 
Senator in. Congress, from JVHssissippi, 
from 1845 to 1S4>. 

Chamberlain, Ebenezer ilf.— He 

was born in Maine, and was a Representa- 
tive in Congress, from Indiana, from 1853 
to 1855. 

Chamberlain, J'acob J*.— He was 
born in Massachusetts, and was a Repre- 
sentative, from New York, to the Thirty- 
seventh Congress, serving on the Commit- 
tee on Agriculture. 

Chamberlain, John C— He gradu- 
ated at Harvard LTuiversity iu 1793 ; prac- 
tised law at Alstead, New Hampshire ; and 
was a Representative in Congress, from 
that State, from 1809 to 1811. He died at 
Utica, New Y'ork, December 8, 1834, aged 
sixty-two years. 

Cham,berlain, William. — He was a 

Presidential Elector in 1801, and a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Vermont, 
from 1803 to 1805, and again from 1809 to 
1811. He was a State Councillor from 17&6 
to 1803; served five years in the State 
Legislature ; was Lieutenant-Governor of 
Vermont from 1813 to 1815; and Chief 
Justice of a State Court from 1801 to 1803, 
and in 1814. 

Chambers, David. — He was bora in 

Allentowu, Northampton County, Penn- 
sylvania, in 1780. He was educated by 
his father, who was a school-teacher; and 
in 1794 was employed as a confidential 
express to carry despatches from General 
Henry Lee to President Washington dur- 
ing the Whiskey Insurrection; in 1796 he 
was placed in the office of the "Aurora" 
newspaper to learn the printer's trade; 
and, after spending the sixteen subsequent 
years on a farm in Virginia, he removed to 
ZanesviLle, Ohio, where he conducted a 
newspaper, and was elected State printer. 
When the seat of government was re- 
moved to Columbus, he was appointed 



BIOGBAPUICAL BECOUDS. 



iO 



Secretary of the Senate ; during the years 
1812 and 1«13 he was Aide-de-camp to Gen- 
eral Cass ; and was a Jiepreseutative in 
Congress, from Ohio, from 1821 to 1823. 
He subsequently served a number of years 
in the Stale Legislature of Ohio; was 
Speaker in 1844, and was a member of the 
Constitutional Convention of 1851; Iiaving 
also been elected Mayor of Zanesville, Re- 
corder, and Clerk of the Court of Common 
Pleas. Of late years he has been wholly 
devoted to agricultural pursuits. Died at 
Zauesville, Ohio, August 8, 18G4. 

Chambers, Eseklel F. — Born in 

Kent Count}', Maryland, February 28, 1788 ; 
graduated at Washington College when 
seventeen years of age ; studied law, and 
was admitted to the bar in 1808 ; he per- 
formed some military service in 1812, and 
subsequently attained the rank of Briga- 
dier-General ; in 1822 he was elected to the 
State Senate against his will; he took an 
active part, in 1825, in arranging a system 
of legislation for the recovery of slaves; 
he was a Senator in Congress, from Mary- 
land, from 182G to 1834; serving as Chair- 
man of the Committee on the District of 
Columbia; in 1834 he was appointed Chief 
Judge of the Second Judicial District, and 
a Judge of the Court of Appeals, which 
offices he held until 1851, when the Judi- 
ciary became elective; having been in 1850 
an active member of the Convention which 
changed the State Constitution. He was 
oflTered, in 1852, by President Fillmore, the 
post of Secretary of the Kavy, in the place 
of Secretary Graham, who resigned, but 
his health compelled him to decline the 
honor. In 1833 Yale College conferred 
upon him the degree of Doctor of Laws, 
and in 1852 he received the same honor 
from the Delaware College. He died in 
Chestertowu, Maryland, January 30, 1S67. 

Chambers, George. — Bom in Cham- 

ber.>burg. Pennsylvania, in 178G; gradu- 
ated at Princeton College in 1804 ; studied 
law, and was admitted to the bar in 1807, 
and practised extensively in the Franklin 
Count}' Courts. He was a Representative 
in Congress, from Pennsylvania, from 1833 
to 1837, and was then elected a Delegate 
to the Pennsylvania Constitutional Con- 
vention. In 1851 he was appointed by the 
Governor, with the unanimous consent of 
the Senate, a Justice of the Supreme Court 
of the State, which office he held until the 
expiration of its tenure under the Consti- 
tHtion. Since that time he has lived in 
retirement, discharging many trusts and 
offices in promotion of religion and educa- 
tion, in the town of his birth, which bears 
his father's name. Died in March, 1866. 

Chambers, Senrt/.—RQ was a Sena- 
tor in Congress, from 1825 to 182C, from 
Alabama, and died January 25, 1826. 

Chambers, tTohn.— Bom in Xew Jer- 



sey in 1779; emigrated to Kentucky whea 
thirteen years of age; studied law, and 
practised the profession with success; was 
an Aide-de-camp to General Harrison at 
the battle of the Thames; was appointed 
Governor of the Territory of Iowa by Pres- 
ident Harrison, manifesting great ability 
and prudence in his inteicourse with the 
Indians ; and by President Taylor he was 
appointed a Commissioner to make a trea- 
ty with the Sioux Indians. He was a mem- 
ber of Congress, from Kentucky, from 1827 
to 182^, and again from 1835 to 1833. He 
died near Paris, Kentucky, September 21, 
1852. 

Champion, EpaphrodUus. — He 

was a Representative lu Congress, from 
Connecticut, from 1807 to 1817; a mau 
greatly respected for his public and private 
character; and died at East Haddum, Con- 
necticut, November 22, 1835, aged seventy- 
eight years. 

Cham,plin, ChristopJier €r. — Ho 

was a native of Newport, Rjiode Island; 
graduated at Harvard University in 1786; 
was a member of Congress, from Rhode 
Island, from 1797 to 1801, and a Senator of 
the United States from 1809 to 1811. At 
the time of his death, which occurred 
March 18, 1840, in the seventy-fourth year 
of his age, he was President of the Raode 
Island Bank. 

Chandler, John. — Was a native of 
Maine when a part of Massachusetts, rep- 
resenting it in the State Senate, from 1803 
to 1805, and in Congress from 1805 to 1808, 
and for three years was Sheriff of Kenne- 
beck County. In 1812 he was appointed 
Brigadier-General, and took an active part 
in the Canadian campaign, having his horse 
shot under him at the battle of Stony 
Creek, where he was wounded and taken 
prisoner. He was elected to the United 
States Senate in 1820, being one of the 
first two Senators from Maine after its 
separation from Massachusetts, serving 
two terms, until 1829. In 1829 he was ap- 
pointed Collector of the port of Portland, 
serving until 1837; and lie died at Augusta, 
September, 1841. 

Chandler, Joseph M. — He was bom 

in Kingston, Plymouth County, Massachu- 
setts, in 1792; was liberally educated, and 
adopted the profession of law ; edited for 
many years a newspaper in Pniladelpiiia, 
entitled the " United States Gazette ; " was 
a Representative in Congress, from Penn- 
sylvania, from 1849 to 1855; and in 1853 
he was appointed, by President Baciianau, 
Minister to Naples. After his retjr.i lie 
became editor of the Philadelphia •• Xnth 
American." In 1821 he published a " Gram- 
mar of the English Language," and subse- 
quentlj- a large number of Essays and Ad- 
dresses on subjects connected with Social 
Life and Literature. 



76 



BlOaiiAPIIIOAL BECOBDS. 



Chandler, Thomas, —lie was born 
ill Bedford, New Hamixshife, August 10, 
1772 ; received a coiuinon-scliool educa- 
tion; was a laruierby occupafcion; and had 
a Ibuduess for sacred music, wliich he 
taugiit to a limited extent among las neigh- 
bors. He was a Justice of tlie Quorum in 
1808; a Captain of Militia in 1815; was a 
member of the New Hampshire JjCgisla- 
ture in 1827 ; and a Itcpresentative in Con- 
gress, from his native State, from 1829 to 
183J. Died in Bedford, January 28, 1800. 
His brother, John Chandler, was also in 
Congress, and' he was the uuclcof the Seu- 
utor, Zachariah Chandler. 

Chandler, Zachariah. — Born in 
Bedford, New Hampshire, December 10, 
1813; received an academical education: 
was bred a merchant; was Mayor of De- 
troit, Michigau, in 1851; defeated candi- 
date for Governor of Michigan in 1852; 
and a Senator in Congress, from Michigau, 
Laving succeeded Senator Cass in that ca- 
pacity, and taking his seat in the Thirty- 
fifth Congress, serving as a member of the 
Committee on the District of Columbia, 
and Chairman of the Committee on Com- 
merce. He was x'c-elected to the Senate 
in 180;), for the term ending in 180'J, serv- 
ing on the Committees on Revolutionary 
Claims and on Mines and RHning, and 
again as Chairman of the Committee on 
Commerce. He was a member of the Na- 
tional Committee appointed to accompany 
the remains of President Lincoln to Illi- 
nois ; also a Delegate to the Philadelphia 
"Loyalists' Convention" of 180G. 

Chaneff, John. — He was born in Ma- 
ryland, and was a liepresentative in Con- 
gress, from Ohio, from 1833 to 1830. 

Chanler, John WlnfJirop.—Bovn in 

the City of New York in 1820 ; was a mem- 
ber of the New York Assembly in 185!) and 
1800, and declined a re-nomination ; and in 
1802 he was elected allepresentativo, from 
New Y'ork, to the Thirty-eighth Congress, 
serving on the Committee on Patents, lie- 
elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, serv- 
ing on the Committees on the Bankrupt 
Law, on Patents, and Southern Railroads. 
Ee-elccted to the Fortieth Congress, and 
■was placed on the Committees on Elec- 
tions, Southern Railroads, and Patents. 

Chapln, Graliani S.—llQ was born 
in Connecticut; graduated at Y'ale College 
in 1817 ; and was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from New York, from 1835 to 1837, 
and died in 18-13. 

Chapman, Augustus A.— lie was 

born in Virginia, and was a Representa- 
tive in Congress, from that State, from 
1843 to 18-i7. 

Chapman, Bird J5.— He was born in 
Connecticut, and, on removing to Nebras- 



ka, was elected a Delegate, from that Ter- 
ritory, to the Thirty-fourth Congress. 

Chapman, Charles.— TSonx at New- 
town, Pairlleld County, Connecticut, June 
21, 17!)!); received a classical education; 
was a lawyer by profession; was three 
times a member of tiie House of Represent- 
atives of the State; he was United States 
Attorney during tiie Administration of 
President Tyler, and a Representative in 
the Thirty-second Congress, from Connect- 
icut. 

Chapman, Henr}/.— Horn in Bucks 
County, Pennsylvania, about the year 1805 ; 
received a good education, and read law 
under the competent direction of his 
lather; admitted to the bar about 1826; 
was a member of the State Senate for three 
years, from January, 1843 ; I'resident Judge 
of the Pifteenth Judicial District of Penn- 
sylvania for some years after leaving the 
Senate ; was a Repi'esentative in the Thir- 
ty-llfth Congress, from Pennsylvania; and 
elected President Judge of liie Seventh 
Judicial District of Pennsylvania in 1861. 

Chapman, John.— Tie was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, fromPeuusjlvauia, 
from 171)7 to 17!)!). 

Chapman, Johti G.—lle was born 
in Charles County, Maryland, July 5, 1708, 
and died December 10, 1856. He laid the 
foundation of his education at Yale Col- 
lege, which he left during his senior term, 
on account of his health, and afterwards 
refused a diploma which was tendered to 
him by the faculty. He studied law with 
William Wart, and, after practicing for 
some time, turned his attention to politics, 
and between the years 1821: and 181-4 he 
was almost constantly in the Legislature 
of IMaryland. In 1845 he was elected a 
Representative in Congress, and again re- 
elected in 1847, serving on 'important 
Committees, and doing much good for his 
constituents and the public at large. He 
was chosen President of the Convention 
which framed the present Constitution of 
Maryland; and his last public act was to 
preside as Chairman of the National Whig 
Convention, which met in Baltimore, in 
1850, to nominate Millard Fillmore for the 
Presidency. He was an eloquent speaker, 
tilled all his public trusts with hdelity, and 
died lamented by a large number of warm 
personal friends. 

Chapinan, Iteuben,—lle was born 
in Virginia, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from Alabama, from 1835 to 
1848 ; also Governor of that State from 
1847 to 1840. 

Chapman, William W.— lie was a 

Delegate to Congress, from the Territory 
of Iowa, ftom IslJO to 1841. 



BlOOBAPniCAL BEC0BD8. 



77 



Chnppell, Absaloni jBT. — Tie was 
born ill (ie()ri,n.i, iiiid was Kcprcscuta- 
tivc, from lliat State, to thcTwouty-oiglitli 
Cougrcs.s. 

Chuppell, John J".— Born in Fair- 
field IJi.^Lriel., Soutii Carolina, January 19, 
1782; received a common-school educa- 
tion ; studied law and was admitted to the 
bar in ISOl; was a Solicitor of Efjuity, 
Colonel of Militia, a Trustee of the State 
Colle;;c in 180;), and a Bank Director; and 
a Representative in Congress, from South 
Carolina, from 1813 to 1817. 

Charlton, Jtohert 31.— lie. was born 
in Savannah, Georgia, January 19, 1807; 
was liberally educated; studied law and 
came to the bar before attaining his ma- 
jority ; served in the State Legislature ; 
became United States District Attorney; 
and in his twenty-seventh year was ap- 
pointed Judge of the Supreme Court of 
Eastern Georgia. He Avas a poet, and 
published a volume of poems in 1839 ; and 
also published a prose work entitled 
"Leaves from tlie Portfolio of a Georgia 
Lawyer," as well as a variety of Historical 
and 01 her Lectures and Literary Address- 
es. His service in Congress was as a 
Senator from Georgia, by appointnumt, 
during a part of the years 1852 and 1853. 
He died at Savannah, January 8, 1854. 

Chase, Diidlej/. — Was born ia Cor- 
nish, Sullivan County, New Hampshire. 
December 30, 1771. He received an 
academic education, and graduated at 
Dartmouth College in 1791. Having been 
admitted to the bar, he commenced prac- 
tice in Vermont, and, from 1803 to 1811, he 
was State's Attorney for Orange County. 
He was a member of the Constitutional 
Conventions of 1814 and 1822. He was a 
Representative, from IJandolph, to the 
Legislature of Vermont, in 1805, and the 
seven succeeding years, during live of 
which he was Speaker of the House of 
Representatives, and was again elected 
Representative, from the same town, in 

1823 and 1824. He Avas elected United 
States Scmitor from Vermont, from 1813 
to 1819, but he resigned his seat in 1817. 
He was chosen Ciiief Justice of the Su- 
preme Court of Vermont in 1817, holding 
the same office, by annual re-elections, 
until 1821. Ho then returned to his pro- 
fession of the law for a few years, and in 

1824 he was again chosen United States 
Senator, from 1825 to 1831, inclusive, whon 
he retired wholly from public life, and de- 
voted his attention to farming and garden- 
ing, of -which he was excessively fond. 
He was a brother of the late riiilander 
Chase, Bishop of Hlinois; and died at 
Randolph, Vermont, February 23, 184G. 

Chase, George JF.—lle was born in 
New York, and was a Representative ia 



Congress, from that State, from 1853 to 
1855. 

Chase, Jeremiah T. — He was a 

Delegate, from Maryland, to the Conti- 
nental Congress, from 1783 to 1784. 

Chase, Lucien B.—llo was bom In 

Vermont, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from Tennessee, from 1845 to 
1847, and for a second term, ending in 
1849. He was the author of a work enti- 
tled " History of President Polk's Admin- 
istration." Died in December, 18G4, aged 
forty-seven years. 

CJifise, Salmon P.— He was born in 
Cornish, New Hampshire, January 13, 
1808. His education began at home, and 
was continued at the schools and acade- 
mics of New Hampshire and Central (Jhio, 
and completed at the Cincinnati College, 
and at Dartmouth, in New Hampshire, 
graduating in 182G. He studied law, in 
Washington City, with William Wirt, and 
practised his profession in Cincinnati, 
Ohio, for many years. His lirst public po- 
sition was that of School Examiner, in 
Cincinnati, in 1839; in 1840 he was a City 
Councilman; in 1845 lie projected what 
was called a Liberty Convention; was a 
member of the Free-soil Convention held 
atBufitiloin 1848; and was a Senator in 
Congress, from Ohio, from 1849 to 1855; 
and elected Governor of Ohio, in 1855, and 
re-elected in 1857. In LSGO he was again 
chosen a Senator in Congress ; but on the 
day after he took his seat he was appoint- 
ed Secretary of the Treasury in President 
Lincoln's Cabinet, but i-esigned in Septem- 
ber, 18G4. It was while tlie country was 
passing through the trials of the Rebellion 
that the National Finances were success- 
fully carried through under his adminis- 
tration. Ho was a member, also, of the 
Peace Congress of 18G1. On the Gth of 
December, 18G4, he was appointed by 
President Lincoln Chief Justice of the Su- 
preme Court of the United States, to suc- 
ceed R. B. Taney. By virtue of his posi- 
tion as Chief Justice he presided over the 
Senate while acting as a Court of Im- 
peachment, during the trial of President 
Andrew Johnson, in 18G8. 

Chase, Samuel.— Horn in Somerset 
County, Maryland, April 17, 1741; re- 
ceived a good education, and came to 
the bar in his twenty-second year, settling 
at Annapolis ; he was one of the " Sous 
of Liberty;" was sent by Maryland as a 
Delegate to the Continental Congress, 
where he served from 1774 to 1778, and in 
1784 and 1785; was a signer of the Decla- 
ration of Independence; and he it was 
who proclaimed on the floor of Congress 
that they had a Judas among them, in the 
person of J. J. Zubly, of Georgia, and also 
made a severe demonstration against the 



78 



nioaitAPniOAL records. 



Socioliy of Frloiuis for ivUojCCod dlf(lo,vall.v. 
Ill 178(» ho nolllotl 111 niUlliiiorc, lunl lii 
17HS was !V|)|)t)liiU'(l C'lilcf .liiuMfO of Mio 
('rliiilntil Coiirl., niul was a uumuIx'i" of l.liu 
I'oin (Mil lull Mint. ra(lll(>tl tli<> Fodoral (\)ii- 
nllliKioii. Ill 17'.>(> lio was appoliiictl l>y 
AVasliiiiii'loii an assurlalc on llic SiiiircMU' 
]$t>iu'li; ill ISdl, i\l l.lui liisliijalion olMolui 
Ivaiulnlpli, lii> was liiip(>aclii'il, ami liavliiu" 
l)t>on aiT.'iljiiuMl ill 1S0,">. afliM'a loii.iX trial. 
Ills alloiii'il liiipropcr coiuliirt. on Mk; hoiu'li 
was api>rovt'il. Dlod Juno !!», ISII. Mo 
was a iiijiii of liiuh cliaraolcr ami rai'o 
JxMiovojt'Mro. ami ll. was to liliii that, Wil- 
liam Piiikiio.v was liulobtod for Ills odiioa- 
tlon ami subscqucnfc success lu life. 

Chasr, Satnne/. — Uo was born in 
New York, and w.as a Itoin-osontadvo In 
Con.i^n'oss, iVom Now York, frt>ni ISL'7 to 
1825). 

(^/nist(fin, Ktlirard It'. — llo was 

1)0111 in Soutli Carolina, and was u liopro- 
^^onta^ivo In Oougross, IVom Georgia, from 
18ol (.0 isr)5. 

Chnrrx, .f. /'Vfiwr/^ro. — llo was 

boni in I'iidillas. Hornallllo Conniy. Now 
Moxioo. .liino "Jr. 1S;»;1; roooivod a. liboral 
rduoiitlon at. Nti. litnils, Missouri; stmliod 
niodloino at. tlio CoUo.ijo of I'liysloians and 
tSnrijoons In Now York; and was dovolotl 
for .st'voral yoars to inoroantUo jinrsiiiis, 
and to tlio raising' of oattlo for llio Califor- 
nia inarkot. In ISiU ho ontorotl tlio mili- 
tary sorvioo of tho l'nil.i>d Slalos. juul was 
nppolnlod Major of tho First. Ivojiimont. oi' 
lidiiiilry r.iisoil in Now Moxioo. ami. afior 
partioiiKitiiiij' in sovoral battlos and sooiiii; 
mnoh aotlvo sorvioo on (ho front lor. ho 
was promolod to tlio rank of Lloutonant- 
Colom>l. ami was innsiortHl out at his own 
roqnost. in ISiM ; and in l,'^i>."> ho was oloolod 
a Dolojjato iVoni Now Moxioo to tho 'fliir- 
ty-ulnth (.'ongross. 

ChcathftiH, liivlntvif. — llo was a 

Koprosoiuatlvo in ri>nsi'ross. iVom 'fon- 
uossoo, iVoiiv 1S;1" to 18ih). l>iod in Sop- 
tombor, 1815. 

Chrstimt, fir. Jotn<\t. — Born near 

Oanulon. South Carolina. In I81."> ; jjr.'uln- 
atod at. Trinooton C(>lloa;o; iVom ISIU to 
IJ^.I'J was a inombor of tho Stat.o Lojiisla- 
Inro; iVom 18.M to 18.">8 ho was a nionibor 
of (ho Stato Sonato; ho was appointod to 
a soat in tlio I'nitod 8latos Sonato. taking; 
(ho samo ilnrimj; tho sooond sossion of tho 
TIdrty-lifih Cv>ni>ross. and was snbso- 
qnonlly olootoil to that, posit K>n. but was 
oxpollod .luly 11. 18(il. llo booamo idon- 
titlod with t \o Uobollion of 18(>l. asa inom- 
bor of tho so-oalloilConfodorato Coujjross. 

Cfu'tirood, William. — Boru In 

l^ow .lorsoy in I7i!;»; yraduatod at Trlnoo- 
ton Colloii'o in 17".>'.*. ami adinittod to tho 
bar in I7l>8. Duriuij tho Whiskoy Insur- 



roPtlon ho attended M;ijor-(loneral Loo ns 
Alde-do-canip; at one tlino sorvod In tho 
tSlat.o Council of Now tJorsoy, and was 
oh'otod to Coii,ii,'rt>ss, from that. Sl.'ilo, to 
till a v.'ioanoy durlny; i.lio administralion 
of rroshhnit. .laokson. llo wms an ablo 
lawyor. praotlsod his profossion mil 11 his 
sovontioth year, and died Uocouibor 18, 
lHi57. 

C/trrrs, Lauifdon.—Wi' was born in 

Abl)oviil(< Dislrloi. Soiilli Carolina. Sop- 
toiiibor 17, 177('>; was aiiiiiillod to tho bar 
In l.'^Ol; olootod to tho Slalo Lo^islaluro 
in 1808; was a I'rosldoiitial Isloclor In 
180!); and alYorwards Atti)riioy-Coiioral 
of tho iSlato. llo was a Itoprosonlativo 
in Coni^ross, from South l\'irollna, from 
1811 to 181ti. and was Sin'akor diirin.a; tho 
si'oond sivssion of tlio 'riiirloouth C\»n- 
ji'i'oss. llo was also a Commlssionor of 
Claims nmlor tho Tivjity of tihont.; .Imlii'o 
of tho Court t)f Common I'loas. from 
181(; to 18r.>. and for a. tiim> I'lwsidont of 
tho llnltod Stal.os lliink. Kosiuniii-r this 
trust, ho rotuniod to Carolina, and wilh- 
drow from public life, llo died ,luno L'(!, 
18.". 7. 

Chilcott. <i. .ir.— Horn in Hunt in.!j;don 
(\)unl.y, ronnsylvania, .laiinary -. 18'_'8; 
111 1811 roinov<>il with his fatlior to Iowa; 
stuillod modioino. but, tlid not. iir.-iotiso tho 
prot\'ssion. In 18.')'J ho was olu»son Shor- 
llf of Jolforson (\)uiity; omiyratod to Ne- 
braska. 'l\'rritory in 18,")t>; duriuij tho 
lattor part, of that yoar lu> was olootod to 
tho 'forrllorlal l,i\uislaluro ; in 18.")'.» ho 
sottlod in Colorado, and in 18(!l was 
olootod to tho l.oyislaturo of that, Terri- 
tory; In KStiL' ho was admit tod to tho bar 
of the samo; In 18(!;l ho was .'ippoinlod by 
I'l-osidont Linooln a Ko.nistor of tlio Land 
OlUoo. sorviny four yoars ; in I8(;,"> ho was 
(>looiod to Colli; ross as a Koprosontatlvo 
nmlor tho Stato oriraiii/atioii, Init. not. avl- 
inittod; ami In I8ii(i ho was olootod a Dol- 
oifate iVoni (.\»h>rado to tho Fort lot h Coii- 
.si'ross. In 18(!f> ho was ailmittod to 
praotioo boforo tho Supromo Cvinrt of tho 
Unitoil States. 

Chihttf ffr. Thomas.— Ui.) was 

born in Now York, and was a Uopresenta- 
tivo. from that State, during the Thirty- 
tonrth Con^ross. 

Chihls, Timothjf.—Uo was born In 
ISlassaohusotts ; was a nuMubor of tho 
.Vssoinbly of Now York in 18'J8 and 18;>;?; 
and was a Koprosontatlvo in Conj<ross, 
from that Stato. tVoiu 18l".» to 18;>l. tVom 
18;>."> to 18;5!>, ami again from 18U to 18-13. 
Died at Sautu Oru*, iu Novoaibor, IHJ. 

Chilton, Siamuvl.— llo was born In 
Yiruinia in 1801. and was a Uoprosonta- 
tivo in C'oiicross. t'rom that Stato. from 
1813 to 18l.">. After roooivin?;- a uood odn- 
eatiou, he studied and adopted tiie profos- 



jBioaiiArniCAL becoiids. 



79 



sion of law; nilcd various ofllcos of trust 
and honor, iiiid after rotlriii:^ from (Jon- 
j^rcHs WHS a iii(Uiil)(!r of Mio Stalo ('onsllUi- 
tioiiiil (.'ouvcMition. Died at, Ids r(!sid«Mic-o 
111 Faiujulor County, Virj;,'inla, .January 11, 
18G7. 

Clinton, Thoina».—l\i'. was a na- 
tive of IvontiicUy, and a K<!|)n!Kontntiv(! in 
Oonfjjrciss, fron> tlnit State;, from 1827 to 
IH.'JI, and for a second term from lHu3 to 
1835. 

Chinnf ffoHcph TF.— TTo was a U(!p- 
rcsciitalivo in (;on,i^roHS, from Virf!;iida, 
from 18;il to IHISf), aud died at llLchiuoud, 
L)eceml)er 5, 1810. 

Chfnn, Thoinaa W.—VIq was bora 
in Ki:ntnc,ky, and, removiiif? to Louisiana, 
was (•l(!(t('d a |{,('|)r(;seritativo in (-'on^^ross, 
from tiiat HLato, from IblJ'J to 1811. 

Chipman, Daniel.— Horn in 1705, 
In Saiislxiry, (Jonnecticut; graduated at 
Darlinoiit.li in 1788; was a lawyer l)y pro- 
fession, and practis(!d at Ripton, Vcu-mont. 
He w. MS Cor many years in Mu; !iefj;i.sliit,nre, 
and was frecinentiy Spciaiiiir of tlu! ilonse 
of K(!presentat,ives of liis State, and a 
niemt)er of tlie last State ("onstituiional* 
Convention; lie was tin; first r(!|)ort(!r of 
the d(!cisions of tlie Supnime (jonrt, and 
author oC an a!)l(! worit on "Law (-'ontraets 
for the Sale of Sp(!(M(le Articles," wiiieli is 
liij^ldy (!ste(!m(Mi l)y the jirolViSsion. !!(! 
was a nxiinlier of Congress from iMlf t(} 
1817, and died in Ripton, April 'S,',, 1850. 

Chlpman, John »S.— He was born 
In Vermont, f^raduated at Middl<!biiry (Jol- 
leffe in 1821!, and was a Repr(!S(!nta(iv(! in 
(^)ii;i;ress, from Micliigan, iVoiu 1845 to 
1847. 

CJilpman, Nathaniel. — Viovn In 

Salislmry, (/onneetieiit, NovcMiiber 15, 
1752; {i;ra(ln sited at Vale (;oll(!jj;e in 1777; 
and settled as a lawyer in 'rinmouth, Ver- 
mont; and was Trofessor of Law for 
tvveiit,y-ei<^lity(!ars in Middhibury Colle<,'e. 
In 1780 he was elected a .Ind^^o of the Su- 
premo Court; in 178!) he wa,selios(;n (,'hief 
Justice; and in 17'.)1 was appointcnl Jiidi^e 
of tli(! United States l>istri(;t (jonrt. He 
was sul)se(|U(!ntly ai^ain elected Chief.rus- 
tice, and from 17'.)7 to 180.'Jlie was a mem- 
ber of th(! United States Senatr;, from 
Vermont. Li I T,)'.) he published " Sketeiies 
of the l'rincipl(!S of (Government," and 
" Rciports and Dissertations." lie died 
at Tiumoutli, February 15, 1843. 

Chittenden, Martin. — Tie was born 
In 1701), in Salisbury, Connecticut. He 
was a menib(!r of (Congress, from Ver- 
mont, from 18();j to 18115, and Gov(!rnor of 
Veniiout in 18115 and 1814. lie was a 
graduate of Dartmouth College in 1789, 
and died 1840. 



Chittenden, T. C.—Wa was born In 
Massaclius(!tl-H, and havinij; nimovcid to 
N(!vv Yorii, was electcid a Representative, 
from that State, to the 'rwenty-scventli 
Congress. 

Choale, Itiifan. — Was born at Ip- 

Hwi('h, MassarJmsc^tts, October 1, 171)1). lie 
graduated at Dartmouth (Jollegc; in 181',), 
and was afterwards chosen a tutor in tlial; 
liistitutKjn, but having sel(;(;t(.'d tlie law for 
his profession, Ik; eiit(!reii tli(! Law S<;lio(^l 
at (Jambrldg(!, and after spc-nding u U'.w 
montlis there vv(;nt t() Washington and 
8tU(li<;d with William Wirt, lie complet- 
ed his legal studies at an ofllcc! in Salem, 
and commenced the practice of his pro- 
fession in the town of Danvers in 1824. 
In 1825 he was el(;ct(^d a Repnisentativo 
to the Massachusetts Ij(!gislatur<;, and in 
1827 he Wfis in tlie Senate of tlie same 
State. ll(i toolv a prominent part in tlio 
debates, and won much reputation by hi.s 
energy and Hagacity. In 18:52 he was 
elected a menilxjr of (.'f)ngress from the 
Essex District, but declined a re-(!l(!ctlon 
in 18:51, and removed tolJoslon, to d(!Vot(j 
liimself to his jirofessiou. Wv.vc Ik; took 
an emiiKtnt position at tne bar, and soon 
cauK! into an extensive! practice!. In 1811, 
on tlie r(!tir(!m(!nt of Mr. Weljster from 
the Senate, Mr. (Jlioat,o was (!le(;t<!d to (111 
the vacancy, and at the close (jf his term 
he .gav(! hlins(!lf up wholly to his proles- 
sioii. lie was a Regent of the Smithso- 
nian Institution, but resign(!d tli(! position. 
lie was gr(!atly elistinguished for his (!lo- 
<jU(!nce, but his style of speaking was 
peculiar; his judgiiKiiit in the maiiag(!m(!nt; 
of cas(!S was consid(!red consunmiate;. 
His published oratif)ns and argumeints 
are (juite num(!rous, and all of a higli or- 
d(!r. Fnun Yah! (jolhige h(! receiv(!d the 
degree of LL.D? Hi! di(!d at Halifax", 
Nova Scotia, wliil(! on his way to Kurotu) 
for his health, ,luly 12, 185!). His life and 
writings were published by Dr. S. G. 
15rovvn, and another life by li. C. I'urker. 

Chrisman, Ja/inea S. — Tie was 

born in Kentucky, and was a R(!pr(!senta- 
tive in Congress iroin that State from 185 J 
to 1855. 

Christie, Gabriel.— Uc waHaUeprc- 
8enl,ative in Congress, from Maryland, 
from 17Da to 171)7, and from 171)1) to 1801. 

ChrlHtie Henry.— Ug was a llepre- 
senl,ativ(! in Congress, from Kentucky, 
from 180!) to 1811. 

Churchill, John Clmrle/t.—Uo was 

born in Mooers, (Clinton ('ounty, Ne-W 
York, .January 17, 1821; graduated at Mid- 
dlebury College, V(!rmont, in 181:!; adoj)!,- 
(!(! the profession of law; from 1857 to 
185!) he was the District Attorii(!y for Os- 
wego county; was (Jounty .Judge! e>f the? 
same county from 18U0 to 1803, aud iu 



80 



BIOaBAPHICAL EECOBDS. 



1866 he was electecl a Eepresentative from 
New York to the Foi'tieth Congress, serv- 
ing ou the Committee on the Judiciary. 

CJiurchivell, William 31. — He 

was born in Tennessee, and was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from that State, 
from 1852 to 1855. 

alley, Bradbury.— IIq was a Eep- 
resentative in Congress, from New Hamp- 
shire, from 1813 to 1817. 

alley, Jonathan. — He was born in 

Nottingham, New Hampshire, July 2, 
1802; graduated at Bowdoin College in 
1825 ; adopted the profession of law, and 
admitted to the bar in 1829 ; was at one 
time Speaker of the House of Representa- 
tives of Maine, of which he was a mem- 
ber from 1832 to 1837 ; a :f residential Elec- 
tor in 1832; and a member of Congress, 
from Maine, from 1837 to the time of his 
death. He was killed, at the third Are, at 
a duel fought with William J. Graves, at 
Bladensburg, Maryland, February 24, 1838, 
with rifles, at eighty yards' distance. 

alley, J'osephm — He was born in 
New Hampshire, and was a Senator in 
Congress, from that State, from 1816 to < 

1817"". 

Claggett, aifton. — He was born in 
Rockingham Country, New Hampshire; 
was Judge of Trobate of liillsborough 
County from 1823 to 1827; Judge of the 
Superior Court one or two years ; was a 
Representative in Congress, from that 
State, from 1803 to 1805, and again from 
1817 to 1821 ; and died in 182D, aged fifty- 
six years. 

aaihorne, JToJin* — He was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from Virginia, 
from 1805 to 1808. Died during the latter 
year. 

Claiborne, John F. JET.— Was a 
native of Natchez, Mississippi ; educated 
and licensed as a lawyer in Virghila; was 
a Representative in the Legislature of 
Mississippi during three sessions, and a 
Representative in Congress, from Missis- 
sippi, from 1835 to 1838 ; afterwards con- 
ducted the Natchez " Free Trader," and 
also the " Louisiana Courier," leading- 
journals of the South, and was editor of 
an agricultural journal published in New 
Orleans. He held the office of United 
States Timber Agent for the Districts of 
Louisiana and Mississippi, to which he 
was appointed by President Pierce. He 
wrote an historical work relating to the 
South-west. 

Claiborne, Nathaniel S.—Re was 

born in Sussex County, Virginia; served 
many years in the Legislature of that 
State ; was also a member of the Execu- 



tive Council; and was a Representative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1825 to 
1837. Died in Franklin Countj^, Virginia, 
August 15, 1859, aged eighty-three years. 

Claiborne, Thomas. — He was a 

Representative in Congress, from Vir- 
ginia, from 1793 to 1799, and again from 
1801 to 1805. 

Claiborne, T/iomas.— He was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from Tennessee, 
from 1817 to 1819. 

Claiborne, William, C. C. — He 

studied law, and settled in Tennessee, of 
which State he assisted in forming the 
Constitution, and afterwards represented 
it in Congress from 1797 to 1801. In 1801 
he was appointed Governor of the Missis- 
sippi Territory, and in 1804 of Louisiana, 
and, to that olBce he was also chosen by 
the people, after the adoption of its Con- 
stitution, from 1812 to 1816. He was then 
elected a Senator of the United States, 
but died before he took his seat, at New 
Orleans, November 23, 1817. 

Clajyp, Asa W. U.—Re was born 
in Maine, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1847 to 
1849. 

ClarJc, AbraJiain.— Born nearEliza- 
bethtowu. New Jersey, February 15, 1726. 
He was a self-made man, and because of 
his habit of giving legal advice gratuitous- 
ly, he was called the "Poor Man's Coun- 
sellor." He was Sheriff and Clerk of the 
Colonial Assembly, one of the Delegates 
to the Continental Congress, and a signer 
of the Declaration of Independence; and, 
after the adQi)tion of the Constitution, was 
a Representative in Congress, from New 
Jersey, from 1791 to 1794, when he re- 
signed. He died September 15, 1794, of 
stroke of the sun. 

ClarTc, Ainbrose 7F.— He was born 
near Cooperstown, Otsego County, New 
York, February 19, 1810; received a com- 
mon-school education ; was employed in a 
printing-office at Cooperstown until he 
became of age ; published for five years 
the " Otsego Republican ; " establishecl and 
published for eight years, in Lewis Coun- 
ty, the "Northern Journal;" and also 
published for sixteen years the " Northern 
New York Journal," in Watertown, Jeffer- 
son County, In 1859 he was elected a 
Representative, from New York, to the 
Thirty-seventh Congress, serving on the 
Committee on Printing. He was re-elected 
to the Thirty-eighth Congress in 1862, and 
was Chaii'man of the Committee on Print- 
ing and a member of the Committee on 
Accounts. In 1865 he was appointed by 
President Lincoln Consul at Valparaiso. 

Clark, Christopher.— Rq was a Rep- 



BIOGBAPIIICAL BECOBDS. 



81 



resentative in Congress, from Virginia, 
from 180-t to 1806. 

Clark, Daniel.— Kewsishorn'iu Strat- 
hatn, Kockingliam Coinitj^ New Hamp- 
shire, October 24, 1809; graduated at 
Dartmouth College in 1834; studied law, 
and came to the bar in 1837 ; was a mem- 
ber of the New Hampshire Legislature in 
the years 1842, 1843, 1846, 1854, and 1855; 
In 1857 he was elected a Senator in Con- 
gress from New Hampshire, and in 1861 
■was re-elected for the term ending in 1867, 
serving as Chairman of the Committees on 
Claims, the Judiciary, Indian Affairs, and 
as a member of other important commit- 
tees. During the first session of the 
Thirty-eighth Congress he was chosen 
President pro tmi. of the Senate, bnt re- 
signed the position at the close of the 
second session of the same Congress. In 
July, 1866, he resigned liis seat in the Sen- 
ate, and was appointed by President John- 
sou Judge of the United States District 
Court for New Hampshire. He was also 
a Delegate to the " Loyalists' Couveutiou " 
held in Philadelphia in 1866. 

Clarh, Jr. Ezra. — He was born in 
Vei'mont, and having removed to Connect- 
icut, was elected a Kepresentative to the 
Thirty-fourth Congress, and re-elected to 
the Thirty-fifth Congress, serving as a 
member of the Committee on Elections. 

Clarh, Franklin.— lie was born in 
Maine ; a merchant by occupation ; and 
was a Representative in Congress, from 
that State, from 1847 to 1849. Before en- 
tering Congress he served in the State 
Legislature, and was a member of the Ex- 
ecutive Council in 1855. 

Clark, Henry S. — Born in Beaufort 
County, North Carolina. He studied law ; 
went into the State Legislature in 1834; 
was Solicitor for the State in 1842; and a 
Representative in Conirress, from North 
Carolina, from 1845 to 1847. 

Clark, Horace jp'.— He was born in 

Southbury, New Haven County, Connect- 
icut; graduated at Williams College, 
Massachusetts ; adopted the law as a pro- 
fession ; and was elected a member of the 
Thirty-fifth Congress, from New York, 
serving as a member of the Committee on 
the Judiciaiy. He was also re-elected to 
the Thirty-sixth Congress, serving as a 
member of the Committee on Indian Af- 
fairs. 

Clark, JTatnes. — He was born in Bed- 
ford Countj', Virginia, and was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Kentucky, 
from 1813 to 1816, and again from 1825 to 
1831, and was Governor of the State in 
1836. He died at Frankfort, Kentucky, 
August 27, 1839. 
6 



Clark, James 7F.— Born in Bertie 
County, North Carolina; graduated at 
Princeton College in 1796; was for sev- 
eral years in the House of Commons ; a 
Presidential Elector in 1812 ; three years 
a member of the State Senate ; and a' Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from North Caro- 
lina, from 1815 to 1817. He was in 1828 
appointed Cliief Clerk of the Navy Depart- 
ment, and died in January', 1844, iu the 
sixty-flfch year of his age. 

Clark, John J5. — Born in Madison 
County, Kentucky, April 17, 1802. A law- 
yer by profession; removed to Missouri, 
and was appointed Clerk of Howard Coun- 
ty Court in 1824, serving till 1834. In 1832 
commanded a regiment of mounted militia 
during the Black Hawk war, and made 
Major-General of Militia iu 1848 ; elected 
to the Legislature during the session of 
1850-'51 ; was chosen by the State as com- 
manding oflicer to expel the Mormons from 
Missouri, and was amemberof the Thirty- 
fifth Congress, serving on the Committee 
on Territories. He was re-elected to the 
Thirt5'-sixth Congress, serving on the 
Committee on Territories. Re-elected to 
the Thirty-seventh Congress, but took 
part in the Rebellion of 1861 as a Colonel, 
having been expelled from the House in 
July, 1861. 

Clark, Lincoln, — He was boi'n in 
Massachusetts ; adopted the profession of 
law; was a Judge for several years in 
Alabama; and, on removing to Iowa, was 
elected a Representative in Congress, 
from that State, from 1851 to 1853. 

Clark, Lot. — He was born in New 
York; was a Representative in Congress 
from 1823 to 1825, when he was appointed 
Postmaster at Norwich, New York; and 
was a member of the New York Assembly 
in 1846. 

Clark, 31. S* — He was a Representa- 
tive iu Congress, from Pennsylvania, dur- 
ing the years 1820 and 1821. 

Clark, Mobert. — He was born in 
Washington County, New York, and was 
of Scotch descent ; was a member of the 
Assembly of that State from 1812 to 1815 ; 
a Representative in Congress, from New 
York, from 1819 to 1821 ; and a Delegate 
to the State Constitutional Convention 
held in the latter year. He subsequently 
adopted the medical profession, and set- 
tled in Monroe, Michigan Territory, and 
by President Monroe was appointed Reg- 
ister of the Land Office for the Second 
Land District of said Territory. 

Clark, Samuel.— He was born in 
New York, and was a Representative iu 
Congress, from New York, from 1833 to 
1835 ; on removing to Michigan was elect- 



82 



BIOGEAPHICAL EEC0BD8. 



ed a Representative in Congress, from 
that State, from 1853 to 1855. 

ChirJc, Williain. — He was for some 
time prior to 1828 State Treasurer of 
Pennsylvania. In 1828 lie was appointed 
Treasurer of the United States, and held 
the oflice for one j'ear. From 1833 to 
1887 he was a member of the House of 
Eepresentatives in Congress from Penn- 
sylvania. He died in Dauphin County, 
Pennsylvania, April 28, 1821. 

Clarlie, Archibald S.—I^q was a 
member of the New York Senate for four 
years, beginning with 1813, and was a 
Representative "in Con<iress, from New 
York, from 1816 to 1817. He held the 
several positions of Clerk, Surrogate, 
and Judge of Saratoga County. Died at 
Clarence, New York, December 4, 1821, 
aged forty-three years. 

Clarice, Bayard.— Born in New 

York City, March 17, 1815; educated at 
Geneva College, and studied law. In 1836 
he was Attache and Secretary to General 
Cass's Embassy to France, and continued 
in that position four years. He then took 
a course of study at the Royal School of 
Cavalry, in France, and afterwards served 
in the Second Regiment of Dragoons 
throu2;h the Florida war. He resigned in 
1843, "and settled at Westchester, New 
York. Avhich District he represented in 
the Thirty-fourth Congress. 

Clarice f Beverley (7.— He was born 
in Virginia, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from Kentucky, from 1847 to 
1849T In 1858 he was appointed by Presi- 
dent Buchanan minister to Guatemala ; and 
died March 7, 18G0. 

Clarice, Charles E.—lle was born 
in New York, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1849 to 
1851. In 1839 and 1840 he was a member 
of the New York Assembly from Jefferson 
County. Died December 29, 1863, aged 
seventy-four years. 

Clarice, Daniel. — He was a Delegate 
to Congress, from the Territory of Orleans 
or Louisiana, from 1806 to 1809. 

Clarice, Freeman. — He was born in 
Troj', New York, March 22. 1809; com- 
menced active life as a merchant, but for 
twenty-seven years was engaged in the 
banking business, first as Cashier of the 
Bank of Orleans, at Albion, and subse- 
quently as President of several banks in 
Rochester. He also held the offices of 
Vice-President and Treasurer of one or 
more savings banks and of several impor- 
tant railroad companies. In 1856 he was a 
Presidential Elector, and was elected a 
Representative, from New York, to the 
Thirty-eighth Congress, and was a mem- 



ber of the Committees on Manufactures 
and Invalid Pensions. In March, 1865, he 
was appointed Comptroller of the Curren- 
cy in the Treasury Department ; and he 
was also a Delegate to the State Constitu- 
tional Convention of 1867. 

Clarice, John C— He was born in 
Connecticut; graduated at Williams Col- 
lege in 1811; served in the Assembly of 
New York in 1826 ; and was a Representa- 
tive in Congress, from that State, from 
1827 to 1829, and again from 1837 to 1843. 
Died in 1852, aged iifty-uine years. 

Clarice, Jojm H.—lie was born in 
Elizabethtown, New Jersey, in 1791 ; grad- 
uated at Brown University in 1809 ; adopt- 
ed the profession of law ; served in the 
State Legislature; and was a Senator in 
Conirress, from Rhode Island, from 1847 
to 1853. 

Clarice, Header Wright.— Rq was 

born in Bethel, Clermont County, Ohio, 
May 18, 1812. He obtained a good English 
education, and when fifteen years of age 
learned the trade of a printer, with which 
he has since been connected. He studied 
law, and came to the bar in 1836. In 1840 
and 1841 he was elected to the Ohio Legis- 
lature; was aDelegate, in 1844, to the I3al- 
timore Convention, and was a Presiden- 
tial Elector at the ensuing election; in 
1846 he was appointed Clerk of the Su- 
preme and Common Pleas Courts of Cler- 
mont County, which he held for six years ; 
was a Delegate to the " Chicago Conven- 
tion " of 1860, and in 1864 he was elected a 
Representative, from Ohio, to the Thirty- 
ninth Congress, serving on the Commit- 
tees on Revolutionary Pensions and on 
Printing. He was also a Delegate to the 
Philadelphia " Loj'^alists' Convention" of 
1866 ; and was re-elected to the Fortieth 
Congress, serving on the Committees on 
the Post Office and Expenditures in the 
State Department. 

Clarice, Sidney. — Born in South- 
bridge, Massachusetts, October 16, 1831 ; 
received a common-school education; 
adopted the profession of an editor, and 
published the " Southbridge Press." In 
1858 he emigrated to Kansas, and settled 
in Lawrence ; was a member, in 1862, of the 
State Legislature; subsequently rendered 
military service against the Rebellion as a 
Captain of Volunteers, and Assistant Prov- 
ost-Marshal-General for Kansas, Nebraska, 
Colorado, and Dakota, serving in the lat- 
ter capacity until 1864, when he was elect- 
ed a Representative, from Kansas, to the 
Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the 
Committees on the Pacific Railroad, In- 
dian Afi"airs, and on the Death of Presi- 
dent Lincoln, and also on the National 
Committee appointed to accompany the 
remains of President Lincoln to Illinois. 
He was also a Delegate to the Philadelphia 



BIOGBAPHICAL BECOBDS. 



83 



*' Loyalists' Convention " of 18G6 ; and was 
re-elected to the Fortieth Congress. 

Clarice, Staley JV.— He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from New York, 
from 1841 to 1843. 

ClarTcson, Matthew. — Jie was a 

Delegate to the Continental Congress, 
from Pennsylvania, from 1785 to 178is. 

Clawson, Isaiah X).— He was born in 

Woodstovvn, New Jersey, March 30, 1822 ; 
graduated at Princeton College in 1840; 
studied medicine in the University of Penn- 
sylvania, taking his degree in 1843; was a 
member of the New Jersey Assembly in 
1853; and was elected a Representative, 
from that State, to the Thirty-fourth Con- 
gress, and re-elected to the Thirty-lifch 
Congress, serving as a member of the Com- 
mittee on Revolutionary Claims. 

Clay, Brutus J". — He was born in 
Madison County, Kentucky, July 1, 1808 ; 
was educated at Danville College, Ken- 
tucky, and settled In Bourbon County as a 
farmer in 1837. In 1840 he served in the 
State Legislature ; was subsequently elect- 
ed President of the Bourbon County Agri- 
cultural Society, which position he still 
holds. In 1853 he was elected President 
of the State Agricultural Society, was re- 
elected for four years, and then declined a 
re-election ; was again elected to the Leg- 
islature in 1860; and was elected a Repre- 
sentative, from Kentucky, to the Thirty- 
eighth Congress, serving as Chairman of 
the Committee on Agriculture, and as a 
member of that on Revolutionary Pensions. 
Ever since his boyhood he has been de- 
voted to agriculture, and especially to the 
raising of choice breeds of cattle. 

Clay, Clement C. — He was born in 

Halifax County, Virginia, December 17, 
1789 ; graduated at the University of East 
, Tennessee ; studied law, and was admit- 
ted to the bar in 1809 ; and removed to 
Huntsville, Alabama, in 1811, where he 
has resided ever since. During the Creek 
war he saw some service as a soldier. He 
practised his profession until 1817, when 
he was elected a member of the Territo- 
rial Council of Alabama; in 1819 he was 
chosen one of the Judges of the Circuit 
Court; in 1820 was chosen Chief Justice 
of that Court, and resigned in 1823; in 
1828 he was elected to the State Legisla- 
ture, and was made Speaker; he was a 
Representative in Congress, from Alaba- 
ma, from 1827 to 1835; in 1835 he was 
elected Governor of Alabama, serving two 
years ; and in 1837 he was elected a Sena- 
tor in Congress for the term ending in 
1842. Died at Huntsville, Alabama, Sep- 
tember 9, 1866. His son, bearing the same 
name, was also in Congress. 

Clay, Clement C.j Jr, — B.e was 



born in Madison, Alabama, about the year 
1819; giaduatcd at the University of Ala- 
bama, and spent two years at tlie Univer- 
siy of Virginia; studied law, and com- 
menced tlie practice at Huntsville, Alaba- 
ma, in 1840; served i:i the Legislature of 
Alabama in 1842, 1844, and 1845 ; and was 
elected by the Legislature, in 1846, Judge 
of the Madison County Court, serving two 
years, when he resigned. In 1852 he was 
a Presidential Elector, and in 1853 he was 
elected a Senator in Congress, from Ala- 
bama, and in 1859 was re-elected for the 
term of six years, receiving every vote in 
the Legislature. Expelled from the Senate 
March 14, 1861, and took part in the Re- 
bellion of that year. He was subsequently 
confined in Fortress Monroe as a prisoner 
of state, but finally released by President 
Johnson on his parole. 

Clay, Henry. — Born in Hanover 
County, Virginia,' April 12, 1777. Having 
received a common-school education, he 
became, at an early age, a copyist in the 
office of the Clerk of the Court of Chan- 
cery, at Richmond. At nineteen he com- 
menced the study of law, and shortly after- 
wards removed to Lexington, Kentuclcy, 
where he was admitted to the bar in 1799, 
and soon obtained extensive practice. He 
began his political career by taking an ac- 
tive part in the election of Delegates to 
frame a new Constitution for the State of 
Kentucky. In 1803 he was elected to the 
Legislature by the citizens of Fayette 
County, and in 1806 he was appointed to 
the United States Senate for the remainder 
of the term of General Adair, who had re- 
signed. In 1807 he was again elected a 
member of the General Assembly of Ken- 
tucky, and was chosen Speaker. In the 
following year occurred his duel with 
Humphrey Marshall. In 1809 he was again 
elected to the United States Senate for the 
unexpired term of Mr. Thurston, resigned. 
In 1811 he was elected a member of the 
House of Representatives, and was chosen 
Speaker on the first day of his appearance 
in that body, and was five times re-elected 
to this office. During this session his elo- 
quence aroused the country to resist the 
aggressions of Great Britain, and awak- 
ened a national spirit. In 1814 he was ap- 
pointed one of the Commissioners to nego- 
tiate a treaty of peace at Ghent. Returning 
from this mission, he was re-elected to 
Congress, and in 1818 he spoke in favor of 
recognizing the independence of the South 
American Republics. In the same year he 
put forth his strength in behalf of a na- 
tional system of internal improvements. 
A monument of stone, inscribed with his 
name, was erected on the Cumberland 
Road, to commemorate his services in be- 
half of that improvement. In the session 
of 1819-20 he exerted himself for the estab- 
lishment of protection to American indus- 
try, and this was followed by services in 
adjusting the Missouri Comoromise. After 



84 



BIOGIiAPHICAL HECOEDS. 



the settlement of these qixestions he with- 
drew from Congress, in order to attend to 
his private affairs. Iij 1823 lie returned to 
Congress, and was re-elected Speaker; and 
at this session he exerted himself in sup- 
port of the independence of Greece. Un- 
der John Quiucy Adams he filled the office 
of Secretary of State. The attack upon 
Mr. Adams' administration, and especially 
upon the Secretary of State, by John llau- 
dolph, led to a hostile meeting between 
him and Mr. Clay, which terminated with- 
out bloodjihed. In 1829 he returned to 
Kentucky, and in 1831 was elected to the 
United States Senate, where he com- 
menced his labors in favor of the tariff. 
In the same mouth of his reappearance in 
the Senate he was unanimously nominated 
for President of the United States. In 183G 
he was re-elected to the Senate, where he 
remained until 1842, when he resigned, and 
took his. final leave, as he supposed, of that 
body. In 1839 he was again nominated for 
the Presidency, but General Harrison was 
selected as the candidate. He also received 
the nomination in 1844 for President, and 
was defeated in this election by Mr. Polk. 
He remained in retirement in Kentucky 
until 1849, when he was re-elected to the 
Senate of the United States for the terra 
ending in 1855. Here he devoted all his 
energies to the measures known as the 
Compromise Acts. His efforts during this 
session impaired his strength, and he went 
for his health to Havana and New Orleans, 
but with no permanent advantage. He re- 
turned to Washington, but was unable to 
participate in the active duties of the Sen- 
ate, and resigned his seat, to take effect 
upon the Gth of September, 1852. He died 
in Washington City, June 29, 1852. He 
was interested in the success of the Colo- 
nization Society, and was for a long time 
one of its most efficient oflicers, and also 
its President. His "Life and Letters," and 
also his " Speeches," were published in 
several volumes by the late Calvin Colton. 

Clay, James B, — Born in Washing- 
ton City, November 9, 1817. He received 
his classical education at Transylvania 
University, in Kentucky, and at the age 
of fifteen went to Boston, where he spent 
two years in a counting-house. From 
Boston he emigrated to St. Louis, Mis- 
souri, then a city of only eight thousand, 
and settled upon a farm ; and when twenty- 
one years of age, he returned to Kentucky. 
After spending two years in the manufac- 
turing business, he graduated at the Law 
School of Lexington, and practised law 
as the partner of his father, the Honor- 
able Henry Clay, until 1849 ; and during 
that year President Taylor appointed him 
Charge d' Affaires to Lisbon ; and having 
returned home by order of the Govern- 
ment, he was mentioned by name in Pres- 
ident Fillmore's Message of 1850. In 
1851 he again took up his residence in 
Missouri, but returned to Kentucky in 



1853, when he bacame the proprietor of 
Ashland. He was elected to Congress in 
1857, serving one term, and on the Com- 
mittee on Foreign Relations. He was 
also a member of the Peace Convention 
of 18G1, held in Washington. He was 
identified with the Rebellion of 1861, and 
died in Montreal, January 26, 1864. 

Clay, J'oseph.—'H.s was an earnest 
patriot during the Revolution, and was a 
Delegate, from Georgia, to the Continental 
Congress, from 1778 to 1780, when he re- 
signed. His son, bearing the same name, 
became prominent as a Judge, and also as 
a Baptist preacher. 

Clay, Joseph. — He graduated at 
Princeton College in 1784; was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Pennsylvania, 
from 1803 to 1803, when he resigned, and 
died in 1811. 

Clay, Matthew.— Re was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Virgiuia, 
from 1797 to 1813. Died in 1815. 

Clayton, Augustin S.—'Qoxn in 

Fredericksburg, Virgiuia, November 27, 
17S3, and died at his residence, in Athens, 
Georgia, June 21, 1839. He was educated 
at the University of Georgia; read law, 
and practised it with eminent success; 
served in the State Legislature; was ap- 
pointed Judge of the Superior Court; was 
a Presidential Elector in 1829 ; and was a 
Representative in Congress, from Georgia, 
from 1831 to 1835. He was for many 
years sceptical on the subject of the 
Christian religion, but at the time of his 
death was a sincere believer, and a mem- 
ber of the Methodist Episcopal Church. 
He acquired some distinction as a politi- 
cian, and the political pamphlet called 
"Crockett's Life of Van Buren," is said 
to have been the production of his pen. 

Clayton, John 31. — Born in Sussex 
County, Delawai'e, July 24, 1796; gradu- 
ated at Yale College in 1815 ; was bred to 
the bar, having studied law in the office 
of John Clayton, and for a time in the 
Law School at Litchfield, Connecticut. 
He commenced practice in 1818, and soon 
attained eminence in his profession. He 
was, in 1824, elected to the State Legis- 
lature, and subsequently Secretary of 
State of Delaware; and in 1829 was 
chosen a Senator in Congress. He was 
re-elected in 1835, and resigned in Decem- 
ber, 1836. In January, 1837, was ap- 
pointed Chief Justice oi' Delavvare, which 
office he resigned in 1839. He was again 
elected to the Federal Senate in 1845, and 
was a Senator until 1849, when he be- 
came Secretary of State under President 
Taylor, which position he occupied until 
the death of Taylor, in July, 1850. Dur- 
ing this period he negotiated the famous 
Clayton-Bulvver Treaty. He was for the 



BIOGBAPIIICAL liECORDS. 



85 



third time elected to the Senate, and took 
his seat Marcli, 1851, and died a Senator, 
Noveailjer 9, 18oG. Darini^ lii.s last terra 
in f 10 Senate, he vindicated, with marlied 
abiliiy, the principles of the treaty which 
ho inau.a;urated. At the bar he was a 
learned lawyer and an eloquent advocate ; 
and during his whole public career ac- 
quitted himself uprightly, with dignity 
and recognized ability. 

Clayton, Joshua, — He was the Gov- 
ernor of Delaware from 1793 to 1790, and 
was chosen a Senator of the United 
States in 1798, and died the following year. 

Clayton, TJiotnas.— lie was a Eep- 
resentative in Cungress, from Delaware, 
from 1813 to 1817, and United States Sen- 
ator from 1823 to 182i>, aud again from 
1837 to 1847. He had been at ditferent 
periods a member of tlie Dehiware Legis- 
lature, Cliief Justice of the Court of Com- 
mon Pleas, and of the Superior Court. 
He died in Newcastle, Delaware, August 
21, 18o4, aged seventy-six years. 

Cleaveland, J. F.—'H.e was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Georgia, from 
1830 to 1839, but subsequently removed to 
Charleston, where he became a merchant, 
and died May 19, 1841. 

Clemens, tTeremiah. — He was born 
in Iluucsville, Alal)ama, December 28, 
1814, and was educated at La Grange Col- 
lege and the University of Alabama. He 
studied law at the University of Transyl- 
vania, in Kentucky, and was admitted to 
the bar in 1834. In 1838 he was appointed 
United States Attorney for the Northern 
Di-trict of Alabama; "in 1839, 1840, and 
1841, he was elected to the State Legisla- 
ture ; in 1842 raised a company of volun- 
teer troops, and went to Texas, liaving 
been appointed Lieutenant-Colonel, and 
subsequently to the same office in tlie 
regular army; in 1843 and 1844 he was 
again elected to the Legislature; in 1844 
served as a Presidential Elector; in 1848 
was appointed Governor of the Civil and 
Military Department of Purchase in Mex- 
ico, which position he held until the close 
of the war; and he was a Senator in Con- 
gi-ess, from Alabama, from 1849 to 18o3. 
He was also a Presidential Elector in 
1856. As an author Mr. Clemens lias 
pui)lished two novels, entitled " Bernard 
Lite" and "Mustang Gray," the first in 
1853 and the last in 1857. He was subse- 
quently an editor. Died in Huntsville, 
May 21, 1865. 

Clemens, SJierrard. — Born at 

Wheeling, Virginia, April 28, 1820; grad- 
uated at Washington (JoUege, Pennsylva- 
nia; a lawyer by profession; and during 
political campaigns has held several con- 
fidential positions in his native State; and 
was elected a member of Congress, from 



December, 1852, to March, 1853, and elect- 
ed to the Thirty-fifth Congress, serving 
on the Committees on Manufactures and 
Revolutionary Pensions. In 1858 he was 
chosen a Presidential Elector. In 1859 
he was wounded in a duel fouglit with 
Mr. Wise, and was prevented from at- 
tending the second session of the Thirty- 
fifth Congress. He was re-elected to the 
Thirty-sixth Congress, serving on the 
Committee on Commerce. Took part in 
the Ilebelliou. 

Cletnents, Andrew J". — Born in 
Jackson County, Tennessee, in 1832; 
received a common-school education; 
studied medicine, and graduated at the 
University of Tennessee in 1858, after 
which he practised his profession; and in 
1801 was elected a Representative, from 
Tennessee, to the Thirty-seventh Con- 
gress. In 18.06 he was elected to the Leg- 
islature of Tennessee. 

Clendenen, David.— lie was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from Ohio, fi'om 
1815 to 1817. 

Cleveland, Chauncey JP.— Born in 
Hampton, Connecticut, in 1799; was edu- 
cated in tlie common schools of that vi- 
cinity ; studied law, and was admitted to 
the bar in 1819; lie was in the Connecti- 
cut Lesislaturc in 1826, 1827, 1828, 1829, 
1832, 1835, 1836, 1838, 1847, and 1848, and 
twice elected Speaker. He was appointed 
Attorney for tiie State in 1832; was Gov- 
ernor of Connecticut in 1842 and 1843; 
and he received from Yale College the 
degree of LL.D. He was a Representa- 
tive in Congress from 1849 to 1853; a 
member of the Peace Congress of 1861 ; 
and Presidential Elector in 1860. 

Clever, Charles J*. — He was born in 
Cologne, Province of Prussia, Germany, 
February 23, 1830; was educated at the 
Gymnasium of Cologne and University 
of Bonn; adopted the profession of law, 
and having removed to New Mexico prac- 
tised it tliere with success ; filled the offi- 
ces in that Territory of United States 
Marshal, Attorney-General, Adjutant-Gen- 
eral, as well as several others, and was 
elected a Delegate from New Mexico to 
the Fortieth Congress. In 1868 he pub- 
lished a small work on the Resources of 
New Mexico. 

Clifford, Nathan. — He was born in 
Rumnev, Grafton County, New Hamp- 
shire, August 18, 1803. lie fitted f tr col- 
lege at the Haverhill Academy, and com- 
pleted his education at the Hampton 
Literary Institution. He studied law, 
and, after being admitted to the bar, re- 
moved to Maine in 1827. He was elected 
to the Legislature, from York County, in 
1830, and re-elected for three years, dur- 
ing the last two occupying the post of 



86 



BIOQBAPHICAL BECOBDS. 



Speaker. In 1834 he was appointed At- 
torney-General for the State of Maine, 
which office he held four years ; and he 
was a Eepresentative in Congress from 
1839 to 1813. In 1816 he was appointed, 
by President Polk, Attorney-General of 
the United States, which office he held 
until March, 1847, when he was appointed 
Commissioner to Mexico. When peace 
was declared between this country and 
Mexico he was appointed Minister to that 
Kepublic. On his return to the United 
States he settled in Portland, devoting 
£iniself to his profession; and in 1858 
was appointed, by President Buchanan, 
an Associate Justice of the Supreme 
Court of the United States. 

Clinch, Duncan L.—Was a General 
in the United States Army, and from 1843 
to 1845 a Kepresentative in Congress from 
Georgia. He was a brave soldier and 
noble-hearted man. Died at Macon, 
Georgia, October 28, 1849. 

Clingan, William. —He was a Del- 
egate from Pennsylvania to the Conti- 
nental Congress, from 1777 to 1779, and 
was a signer of the Articles of Confeder- 
ation. 

Clingman, Thomas i.— Born in 

Huntsville, Surry County, North Carolina; 
graduated at Chapel Hill University; 
studied law, but just as he was about to 
enter upon the practice he was elected to 
the House of Commons of the State. On 
his retirement from the Legislature, in 
1836, ho removed to Ashville, in Bun- 
combe County. He was soon after elected 
to a seat in the State Senate of North 
Carolina. In 1843 he was elected to Con- 
gress, and, with the exception of one term, 
was a member of the House of Represent- 
atives until the Thirty-fifth Congress, 
when he was appointed Chairman of the 
Committee on Foreign Affairs. On the 
resignation of A. Biggs, he was appointed 
a Senator in Congress, and in November, 
1858, his appointment was confirmed by 
the Legislature. He made contributions 
to the sciences of geology and mineralogy, 
and brought to light many facts connected 
with the mountains of North Carolina, 
one of the highest peaks of which it was 
Lis fortune to explore and measure, and 
which now bears his name. He took part 
in the Eebelliou of 1861 as a Colonel, hav- 
ing been expelled from the Senate in July, 
1861, to which he had been re-elected for 
the term commencing in March, 1861. 

Clinton, De Witt.— Born at Little 
Britain, in Orange County, New York, 
March 2, 1769. He graduated at Colum- 
bia College, with the highest honors, in 
1786. He studied law, but never engaged 
much in its practice. He was elected to 
the Senate of New York in 1799. In July, 
1802, he fought a duel with Mr. Swart- 



wout, arising from political controversy 
concerning Mr. Burr. He was a Senator 
of the United States from 1802 to 1803, 
and was chosen Mayor of New York in 
1803, holding this office until 1815, except- 
ing the years 1807 and 1810. While he 
was Mayor, he was also for several years 
a State Senator, and the Lieutenant-Gov- 
ernor. Lender his auspices, also, the His- 
torical Society of New York, of which he 
was at one time Pi-esident, and the Acad- 
em}'' of Fine Arts were incorporated, the 
New York City Hall was founded, the 
Orphan Asylum established, and the City 
fortified. He took a great interest, as 
early as 1817, in, and did more than any 
other man in behalf of, the Erie Canal, 
and that great work was finished during 
his administration as Governor, in 1825. 
In 1812 he consented to become the can- 
didate of the Peace party for the Presi- 
dency of the United States. In 1823 and 
1824 he was President of the Board of 
Canal Commissioners, and during the 
latter year was elected Governor of the 
State, and in 1826 was re-elected to the 
same office; he afterwards declined the 
embassy to England, oflered to him by 
President Adams. He died at Albany, 
February 11, 1828. 

Clinton, George.— Born in Ulster 
Couuty, New York, July 26, 1739, and 
died at Washington City, April 20, 1812. 
He commenced life by sailing in a priva- 
teer; served as a Lieutenant in the expe- 
dition against Fort Frontenac; he after- 
wards studied law; Avas a member of the 
Colonial Assembly, and also of tlie Pro- 
vincial Congress in 1775; he Avas appoint- 
ed a Brigadier-General in 1777 ; was Gov- 
ernor of New York for eighteen years ; 
from 1795 to 1800 he lived in retirement; 
was again chosen Governor in 1804 ; and, 
having been elected Vice-President of the 
United States during the last year, he re- 
tained the office until his death, conse- 
quently officiating as President of the 
Senate a period of eight years. 

Clinton, Jr. G^eorgrc— He wasborn 
in New York; Avas a member of the New 
York Assembly in 1801 and 1802 ; and a 
Representative in Congress, from that 
State, from 1804 to 1809. 

Clinton, James C— He was born 
in New York, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from Ncav York, from 1841 to 
1845. 

Clopton, David.— Born in Georgia 
in 1820, and elected a Representative, fiom 
Alabama, to the Thirty-sixth Congress, 
serving as a member of the Committee on 
Public" Expenditures. Resigned in Feb- 
ruary, 1861, to take part in the Rebellion 
of that year. 

Clopton, JoJin,—B.e was a Repre- 



BIOGBAPIIICAL BECORDS. 



81 



sentative in Congress, from Virginia, from 
171)5 to 1799, and again from 180l to 181G. 
Died September 11, 1816. 

Clownetf, William K.—Ue was 
boni iii Soatli Carolina; graduated at the 
Soucli Carolina College in 18i8 ; adopted 
the profession of law; was Commissioner 
in Equity of South Carolina; and was a 
Eepresentative in Congress, from that 
Scate, from 1833 tx) 1835, and again from 
1837 to 1833. 

Clf/mer, Oeorge, — He was bom in 

Philadelphia in 17;:>y, and was a patriot of 
the Kerolution. He engaged in mercan- 
tile pursuits, and early espoused the cause 
of liis country. In 1773 he resolutely op- 
posed the sale of tea sent out by the Brit- 
ish Government, and not a pound was sold 
in Puiladelphia. In 1775 he was one of 
the tirat Continental Treasurers. In 1776 
he was a member of Congress, and signed 
the Declaration of Independence. In 1771 
his furniture was destroyed by the enemy. 
In 1780 he co-operated with Robert Mor- 
ris in the establishment of a bank for the 
relief of the country. He was a member 
of the old Congress in 1780, and a Repre- 
sentative, under the Constitution, from 
1783 to 1701, from Pennsylvania. He was 
also a member of the Convention which 
formed the Federal Constitution, and 
signed that instrument. In 1791 he was 
placed at the head of the Excise Depart- 
ment in Pennsylvania. In 1796 he was 
sent to Georgia to negotiate a treaty with 
the Creek and Cherokee Indians. He was 
afterwards President of the Philadelphia 
Bank and of the Academy of Fine Arts. 
He died at Morrisviile, JBucks County, 
January 23, 1813. 

Cobb, Atnasa. — Born in Crawford 
Couuty, Illinois, September 27, 1823; re- 
ceived a common-school education; emi- 
grated to Wisconsin Territory in 1842; 
spent five years in the lead-mining busi- 
ness, and served in the Mexican war as a 
private soldier, during which time he oc- 
casionally read law, and at the end of the 
■war he began to practise the legal profes- 
sion. In 1850 he was elected a District 
Attorney, and served four years: in 1854: 
was elected to the State Senate, and served 
two years ; in 1855 he was appointed Ad- 
jutant-General of the State, and agai^i in 
1857 ; was elected to the State Legislature 
in l8Cj; re-elected in 1801, and chosen 
Speaker; in 18(il and 18G2 he served in 
the volunteer service as Colonel of the 
Fifth Wisconsin Regiment, and was elect- 
ed a Representative, from Wisconsin, to 
the Thirty-eighth Congress, and was a 
member of the Committee on the Militia, 
and Chairman of the Joint Committee on 
Enrolled Bills. During the recess of Con- 
gress he was again commissioned a Colo- 
nel, and raised the Forty-third Regiment 
of Wisconsin Volunteers, whicii he com- 



manded until July, 18C5, when he was 
mustered out. He was brevetted for gal- 
lant services at Williamsburg, Golden's 
Farm, and Antietam. Re-elected to the 
Thirtj'-ninlh Congress, serving on the 
Committees on Enro'led Bills, District of 
Columbia, and Mines and Mining. Re- 
elected to the Fortieth Congress, serving 
on the Committees on Claims and Public 
Buildings and Grounds. 

Cobb, David. — He was born in At- 
tleborough, Massachusetts, September 14, 
1748; graduated at Harvard College in 
176G, and adopted the Medical profession; 
served in the Revolution, in 1777, as Liea- 
tenant-Colonel ; served as an Aide to 
General Washington in the capacity of 
Colonel; was promoted to the rauk of 
Brevet Brigadier-General; after the war 
was made Judge of a County Court; was 
elected to the Legislature and served as 
Speaker from 1769 to 1793; was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Massachu- 
setts, from 1793 to 1795; was President 
of the State Senate from 1801 to 1805; 
Lieutenant-Governor of the State in 1809; 
a State Councillor in 180:$, and from 1812 
to 1818 ; and was subsequently appointed 
Major-General of the State Militia. Died 
April 17, 1830. 

Cobb, George T. — He was bom in 

New Jersey, and elected a Representative, 
from that State, to the Thirty-seventh 
Congress, serving on the Committee on 
Invalid Pensions. 

Cobb, Hoivell.— The uncle of Secre- 
tary Cobb, and for whom he was named, 
was born in Granville, North Carolina, 
and was a Representative in Congress, 
from Georgia, from 1807 to 1812. During 
the last war with England he served with 
credit as a Captain in the army, and after 
peace was declared he settled upon a plan- 
tation, and devoted his whole attention to 
agriculture. He died about the year 1820. 

Cobb, Howell. — He was bom at Cher- 
ry Hill, in Jefferson Count}', Georgia, Sep- 
tember 7, 1815. When a child, his father 
removed to Athens, Georgia, where he has 
since resided. He graduated at Franklin 
College in 1834 ; he studied law, and was 
admitted to the bar in 183G ; was a Presi- 
dential Elector in that year; in 1837 he 
received the appointment of SoFnitor- 
General of the Western Circuit, which he 
held four years ; and he was elected a Rep- 
resentative in Congress in 1842, having 
been re-elected in 1844, 1840, and 1843, 
and during his latter term he was elected 
Speaker. On his retirement from Con- 
gress, he was chosen Governor of Geor- 
gia; in 1855 he was again elected to 
Congress ; and on the accession of Mr, 
Buchanan to the Presidency, Governor 
Cobb went into his cabinet as Secretary 
of the Treasury. He look a proaiiaent 



88 



BIOGRAPHICAL BEC0BD3. 



part in the Rebellion of 1861, and was a 
member of the so-called Confederate Con- 
gress, and a Brigadier-General. 

Cobb, Thomas W. — He was born in 
Columbia Comity, Georgia, in 1781, and 
attained a high position as a lawyer. He 
was a Representative in Congress, from 
Georgia, from 1817 to 18:21, and again from 
1823 to 1824r ; and he was a Senator in Con- 
gress from 1821 to 1828. He was subse- 
quently chosen a Judge of the Superior 
Court, and died in Greensborough Febru- 
ary 1, 1830. He was the author of many 
political Essays. 

Cobb, Williamson M. IF.— He was 
born in Ray County, Tennessee, in 1807, 
aud in 1800 his father removed to Madison 
County, Alabama, with the prosperity of 
which State his name has been identified 
for many years. He received a good com- 
mon-school education, and then turned his 
attention to farming. From this pursuit 
he was called, in 1845, to a seat in the 
State Legislature, where he remained two 
years. In 1817 he was elected a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Alabama, in 
which capacity lie served his adopted 
State, by successive re-elections, down to 
1860. During eight years of his Congres- 
sional career he has officiated as Chairman 
of the Committee on Unfinished Business, 
and the balance of the time as Chairman 
of the Committee on Public Lands. The 
credit is awarded to him of having engi- 
neered through Congress the Bounty Land 
Bill of 1850, and the Graduation Bill of 
1851. He was killed by the accidental dis- 
charge of a pistol in Alabama, in No- 
vember, 1801. He had served in the 
Confederate Congress, but was expelled 
therefrom on account of disloyalty to the 
Confederacy. 

Coburn, tTohn. — He was born in In- 
dianapolis, Indiana, October 27, 1825; 
graduated at Wabash College in 1846; 
adopted the profession of law; was a 
member of the State Legislature in 1850 
and 1851 ; was Judge of the Court of Com- 
mon Pleas in the Twelfth District from 
1859 to 1861 ; resigned, and served in the 
army during the Rebellion, first as Colonel 
of the Thirtjr-third Regiment Indiana Vol- 
unteers, when he was promoted to the rank 
of Brigadier-General for gallant and meri- 
torious services ; was with the Army of 
the Cumberland, and having gone with 
General Sherman to Atlanta, received in 
person the surrender of that city ; in Octo- 
ber, 181)5, he was elected Judge of the Fifth 
Judicial Circuit of Indiana, which he re- 
signed in August, 1866; and in the subse- 
quent autumn he was elected a Repi-e- 
sentative from Indiana to the Fortieth 
Congress, serving on the Committees on 
Banking and Currency and Public Expend- 
itures. 



Coburn, Stephen. — He was born in 
Maine, and in January, 1861, was elected 
a Representative, from that State, to the 
Thirty-sixth Congress, for the unexpired 
term of Israel Washburn, Jr., resigned. 

Cochran, James. — He was a Major 

of Militia, and represented the State of 
New York in Congress, from 1797 to 1799. 
He died at Oswego, New York, November 
7, 1848, aged seventy-nine years. He was 
at one time Postmaster of Oswego. 

Cochrane, Clarlc B. — Born in New 

Boston, New Hampshire, May 31, 1815; 
graduated at Union College, Schenectady, 
New York; a lawyer by profession ; mem- 
ber of the New York Legislature in 1843 
and 1844; and a Representative in the 
Thirty-fifth Congress, from New York, 
serving on the Committee on Expenditures 
in the War Department. He was also re- 
elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, serv- 
ing as a member of the Committee on 
Private Land Claims. He was also a Dele- 
gate to the Baltimore Convention of 1861, 
and re-elected to the Assembly in 1863. 
Died at Albany, March 5, 1867. 

Cochrane, John, — Born at Palatine, 
Montgomery County, New York; studied 
at Union College and graduated at Hamil- 
ton College, New York; is a lawyer by 
profession; was Surveyor of the port of 
New York for four years, and elected to 
the Thirty-fifth Congress, acting as Chair- 
man of the Committee on Commerce. He 
was also re-elected to the Thirty-sixth 
Congress, serving as a member of the 
Committee on Commerce. Also served as 
a General of Volunteers in the Union army 
in 1861-'2 ; and he was subsequently elected 
Attorney-General of the State of New 
York. In 1801 he was nominated for the 
office of Vice-President of the United 
States, on theticTvCt with J. C. Fremont; 
and he was a Delegate to the Philadelphia 
"National Union Convention" of 1806. 

CocTce, John. — He was born in Bruns- 
wick County, Virginia, 1772; in early life 
he emigrated to Tennessee, adopted the 
profession of law, and became a member 
of the first Legislature of the State, in 
1700; he was Speaker of the House for 
many years, and also a member of the 
Senate. From 1819 to 1827 he was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress from his adopted 
State. He died in Grundy County, Ten- 
nessee, February 10, 1851. 

CockBt Williain. — He was born in 
Virginia, participated in the military, civil, 
legislative, and judicial services of that 
State ; and, on removing to Tennessee, be- 
came a General of Militia; served in the 
State Legislature in 1813; became one of 
the Judges of the Circuit Court ; and was 
a Senator in Congress, from Tennessee, in 



BIOGBAPHICAL RECOBDS. 



89 



1797, but was superseded by A. Jackson, 
and again from 1709 to 1805; and was ap- 
pointed, in 1814, by President Madison, 
Indian Agent for tlie Chickasaw nation. 

Coclie, William 3X.— He was born in 
Tennessee, and was a Representative iu 
Congress, from that State, from 1845 to 
1847, and for a second term, ending in 
1849. 

Coclcerill, Joseph 22.— He was born 
in Virginia, and, having removed to Ohio, 
was elected a Representative to the Thirty- 
fifth Congress, and was a member of the 
Committees on Public Expenditures and 
Expenses in the War Department. 

Coclcran, James.—L Representative 
in Concress, from North Carolina, from 
1809 to"l813. 

Coffee, Jolm. — He was a member of 
Congress, from Georgia, from 1833 to 
1837, and died in Telfair County, of that 
State, {September 25, 1836. 

Coffin, Charles G.—E.e was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from Ohio, from 
1838 to 1839. 

Coffin, Peleg. — He was born Septem- 
ber, 17oG, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from Massachusetts, from 1793 
to 1795. He served a number of years in 
the State Senate, and was State Treasurer 
from 1797 to 1802. Died March 6, 1805. 

Coffroth, Alexander S,— Bom in 

Somerset, Somerset County, Pennsylva- 
nia, May 18, 1828; was self-educated; 
read law and commenced the practice iu 
1851; was a Delegate to the Charleston 
Convention iu 18*30, and was elected a 
Representative, from Pennsylvania, to the 
Thirty-eiglith Congress, and served on the 
Committees on Revolutionary Pensions 
and ou Expenditures in the Interior De- 
partmeut. He was also re-elected to the 
Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the 
Committee im Invalid Pensions, but his 
seat was successfully contested by Mr. 
Koontz. In 1807 he was appointed by 
President Johnson an Assessor of Internal 
Revenue. 

Coif, tfoshua. — Bom in New London, 

Connecticut, October 7, 1753; graduated 
at Harvard University in 177C; he studied 
law and settled in Kew London in 1779; 
and was a Representative in Congress, 
from Connecticut, from 1793 to 1798. He 
also served a number of years iu the 
Legislature of Connecticut. Died in Xew 
London, September 5, 1798, of yellow 
fever. 

Coke, Richard.— 'Re was a lawyer 
by profession, and posssssed talents of a 
high order, and an energy seldom equalled. 



He was a Representative in Congress, 
from Virginia, from 1829 to 1833, and for 
many years a prominent member of the 
bar. He died iu Abingdon, Virginia, 
March 30, 1851. 

Colcock, William F.—B.e was born 
in Soutii Carolina; graduated at the South 
Carolina College in 1823; adopted the 
profession of law ; was a member of the 
State Legislature, and Speaker of the 
House ; and was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from South Carolina, from 1843 to 
1853. 

Colden, CadwaUader D.—Re was 

for many years a prominent member of 
the Xew York bar; served also in the 
Legislatui'e of that State ; held the post 
of District Attorney of the Uniced States 
for many years ; was at one time Maj'or 
of New York ; and a member of Congress 
from 1821 to 1823. He was an early and 
intimate friend of Robert Fulton, and 
wrote his biography ; he was highly re- 
spected for his talents and virtues, and 
died in Jersey City, New Jersey, Febru- 
ary 7, 1834, aged sixty-five years. 

Cole, Cornelius. — Born in Lodi, New 
York, September 17, 1822; bred to the 
business of a farmer; graduated at the 
Wesleyan L'niversity in Connecticut; 
adopted the profession of law ; emigrated 
to California in 1849, and mined for gold 
one year; subsequently prosecute! his 
profession in San Francisco and Sacra- 
mento ; was District Attorney at the lat- 
ter place for two 3-ears; and in 18G3 he 
was elected a Representative, froai C.ili- 
fornia, to the Thirty-eighth Congress, 
serving ou the Committee on Post Offices 
and Post Roads. From 1856 to 186 J he 
was a member of the National Republican 
Committee, and during the Presidential 
campaign of 18C0 was the editor of a 
newspaper in California He was elected 
to the Senate for the term commencing in 
1837, and ending iu 1873, serving ou the 
Committees on Appropriations, Manufac- 
tures, and Claims; and was a Delegate to 
the Philadelphia "Loyalists' Convention" 
of 1866. 

Cole, George E. — Was born in 
Oneida County, New York, December 23, 
1820; went to Iowa in 1849; crossed the 
plains to California iu 1850, and went to 
Oregon the same year; was a member of 
the Oregon Legislature in 1851, 1852 and 
1853; during the years 1859 and 18GJ lie 
was Clerk of the United Slates Di.-trict 
Court for Oregon; removed to Washing- 
ton Territory iu 18G1 ; and in 1863 he was 
elected a Dolesate from Washington Ter- 
ritory to the Thirtj-eighth Congress. 

Cole, Orsainus.—Tle was born in 
New York, and was a Represeutative in 



90 



JBIOGBAPHIOAL BE00BD8. 



Congress, from Wisconsin, from 1849 to 
1851. 

Coleman, Nicholas 2>. — He was a 

Eepresentative in Congress, from Ken- 
tucky, from 1829 to 1831, and was in that 
j^ear appointed Postmaster at Maysviile, 
Kentucky. 

Coles, Isaac. — He was a Eepresenta- 
tive in Congress, from Virginia, from 
1789 to 1791, and again from 1793 to 1797 ; 
and lie was one of those who voted for 
locating the Seat of Government on the 
Potomac. 

Coles, Walter, — He was born in 
Virginia, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1835 to 
1845. 

Colfax, Schui/ler.— Born in New 

York City, March 23, 1823 ; attended a pub- 
lic school ; was a merchant's clerk for three 
years ; and in 1836, removed with his wid- 
owed mother to Indiana, where lie held a 
county office and studied law. In 1845 he 
established the " St, Joseph Valley Regis- 
ter" at South Bend, wliich he conducted 
until 1855. He was a member in 1850, of 
the " State Constitutional Convention ; " in 
1848 and 1852, a Delegate to the " Whig 
National Conventions " of those years, and 
Was Secretary of each. He was elected a 
Eepresentative from Indiana to the Thirty- 
fourth Congress, and to the successive Con- 
jgresses, including the Fortieth, serving as 
Chairman of the Committee on Post Offi- 
ces, and as a Regent of the Smithsonian 
Institution. He was chosen Speaker dur- 
ing the Thirty-eighth Congress, and was 
twice re-elected to the same position. In 
1865 he made an overland journey to the 
Pacific Coast, which formed the subject of 
a popular Lecture which he delivered in 
several States ; and in May, 1868, he was 
nominated for tlie office of Vice-President 
on the ticket with General Grant for Pres- 
ident. 

Collamer, J'acob, — He was born in 
Troy, New York, in 1792, but when a child 
removed with his father to Burlington, 
Vermont. He graduated at the Univer- 
sity of Vermont in 1810; served as a sub- 
altern during the first campaign of the 
last war with England ; studied law, and 
was admitted to the bar in 1813 ; practised 
his profession until 1833, during which 
time he was for several years a member 
of the State Legislature, and from 1833 to 
1841 he was Judge of the Supreme Court 
of Vermont. In 1843 he took his seat as 
a Representative in Congress, from Ver- 
mont, serving by re-elections until 1849; 
in March of that year he was appointed 
Postmaster - General in the cabinet of 
President Taylor; resigned in 1850, with 
the rest of the cabinet, on the death of the 
President, and was soon afterwards reap- 



pointed on the Supreme Bench of his 
State, which office he held until 1854, when 
he was elected a Senator in Congress, 
from Vermont, for six years, from 1855 ; 
and in 1861 he was re-elected for the term 
ending in 1867 serving as Chairman of the 
Committee on Post Offices and Post Roads, 
also that on the Library, and as a member 
of several other important committees. 
He received the degree of LL.D. from the 
University of Vermont, and from Dart- 
mouth College, New Hampshire. Died in 
Woodstock, Vermont, November 8, 1865. 

Collier, John A. — He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from New York, 
from 1831 to 1838. 

Collin, John F. — Born in Hillsdale, 
Columbia County, New York, April 30, 
1802. He received a common-school ed- 
ucation, and has devoted himself to agri- 
cultural pursuits. He served in the State 
Legislature in 1834; was a member for 
some years of the County Board of Super- 
visors ; and was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from New York, from 1845 to 1847. 

Collins, Ela. — Born in Meriden, 
Connecticut, February 14, 178G; studied 
law, and commenced practice in Oneida 
County, New York ; was for twenty years 
a District Attorney, displaying ability as 
an advocate, and during the latter part of 
his life devoted much attention to farm- 
ing. He commanded a regiment of Mili- 
tia near Sackett's Harbor, New York, in 
1814; represented Lewis County in the 
Legislature of the State, aud in 1821 was 
a member of the State Constitutional 
Convention. He was in Congress, from 
New York, from 1823 to 1825 ; and died at 
Lowville, Lewis County, November 23, 
1848. 

Collins, tJo/iM.— Governor of Rhode 
Island, from 1786 to 1789, succeeding 
William Greene. He was a patriot of the 
Revolution, a Delegate to the old Congress 
from 1778 to 1783, and a signer of the 
Articles of Confederation ; aud elected a 
Representative in Congress in 1789. He 
died at Newport, in March, 1795, aged 
seventy-eight. 

Collins, William. — He was the son 
of Ela, and born in Oneida County, New 
York, aud was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from that State, from 1847 to 1849. 
He studied law, and was District Attorney 
for Lewis County, until he removed to 
Cleveland, Ohio. 

Colquitt, Alfred H. —He was a na- 
tive of Georgia; graduated at Princeton 
College in 1844 ; a Representative in Con- 
gress, from that State, from 1853 to 1855, 
and a Presidential Elector in 1861. 

Colquitt, W. T.— He was born in 



BIOGBAPBICAL BECOBDS. 



91 



Halifax County, Virginia, December 27, 
1799 ; was educated at Princeton College, 
and admitted to the bar in 1820. He was 
a Brigadier-General of Militia at the age 
of twenty-one ; in 1826 he was appointed 
a District Judge, and held the first court 
ever held in Columbus ; was appointed to 
the same office in 1829 ; was a member of 
the State Senate in 1834 and 1837 ; a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from Georgia, 
from 1839 to 1843, and a Senator in Con- 
gress from 1843 to 1849. He was also a 
member of the Nashville Convention in 
1850 ; and he died at Macon, Georgia, May 
7, 1855. 

Colston, Edward.— Born in Berke- 
ley County, Virginia, in 1788, and grad- 
uated at Princeton College in 1806. He 
served for a long time as Magistrate of 
the County, and in the capacity of High 
Sherifl'; was frequently a member of the 
State Legislature ; and was a Represent- 
tive in Congress, from Virginia, from 1817 
to 1819. He died April 23^ 1851. 

* Comegys, tToseph J*.— Son of Cor- 
nelius P. Comegys, formei'ly Governor of 
the State of Deleware; was born in St. 
Jone's Neck, at Cherbourg, near Dover, 
Delaware, December 29, 1813; was edu- 
cated at Dover Academy. In May, 1831, 
entered the office of J. M. Clayton, as a 
student of law, and was admitted to the 
bar in 1835; elected a member of the 
House of Representatives of the State in 
1842 and 1848. In January, 1851, was ap- 
pointed by the General Assembly one of a 
Committee of three to revise the Statutes 
of the State. In November, 1856, was 
chosen by the Governor to fill the vacancy 
in the United States Senate occasioned 
by the death of John M. Clayton. He 
was also a Delegate to the Philadelphia 
" National Union Convention " of 1866. 

Cotnins, Linus B.— Born in Charl- 
ton, Massachusetts, in 1817; graduated at 
the "Worcester County Manual Labor High 
School;" and was devoted to mercantile 
business, and to manufacturing. He was 
a member of the Roxbury City Council in 
1846, and in 1847 and 1848 President of the 
Council. In 1854 he was Mayor of Rox- 
bury, and having been, soon after, elected 
to Ctmgress, from Massachusetts, con- 
tinued in that position to the close of the 
Thirty-rtfth Congress, serving on the 
Committee on Commerce. 

CoinstocTc, Oliver C. — He was bred 
a Baptist minister, and was a member of 
the New York Assembly in 1810 and 1812, 
and a Representative in Congress from 
that State, from 1813 to 1819. He subse- 
quently officiated as Chaplain of the House 
of Representatives ; and died at Marshall, 
Michigan, January 11, 1860, aged seventy- 
six years. 



Condictf tTohn.—Jle was born in 
1755 ; was a soldier and surgeon during 
the Revolutionary war. He was a mem- 
ber of the New Jersey Legislature for 
several years; a Representative in Con- 
gress, from that State, from 1799 to 1803 ; 
a Senator in Congress, from 1803 to 1817; 
and again a Representative during the 
years i819 and 1820. He died May 4^1834. 

Condict, Lewis. — Born at Morris- 
town, New Jersey, in March, 1773, and 
was a physician of eminence. From 1805 
to 1810 he was a member of the New 
Jersey Legislature, the two latter years 
officiating as Speaker; in 1807 was a Com- 
missioner for settling the boundary be- 
tween New York and New Jersey; and 
he was a Representative in Congress from 
1811 to 1817 and from 1821 to 1833. In 
1841 he was also a Presidential Elector. 
He was also at one time Sheriff of Morris 
County, and died at Morristown, New 
Jersey, May 26, 1862. 

Condit, Silas.— He was a Delegate 
from New Jersey to the Continental Con- 
gress from 1781 to 1784; and his son 
bearing the same name was a Represent- 
ative in the Federal Congress. 

Condit, Silas.— Born in New Jersey 
in 1777; graduated at Princeton College 
in 1795 ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from New Jersey, from 1831 to 
1833. He was a member of the Conven- 
tion which formed the State Constitution 
of 1844; for many years President of the 
Newark Bankiog Company, and was fre- 
quently elected to the Legislature of New 
Jersey. Died at Newark, New Jersey, 
November 29, 1861. 

Conger, Harmon S. — He was a 

Representative in Congress, from New 
York, from 1847 to 1851. His native 
State was Connecticut. 

Conger, James JD.— He was born 
in New Jersey, and, on removing to Mich- 
igan, was elected a Representative in 
Congress, from 1851 to 1853. 

ConMing, Alfred.— Yie was born in 

East Hampton, Suffolk County, New 
York, October 12, 1789; graduated at 
Union College ; studied law, and came to 
the bar in 1812; was District Attorney 
for Montgomery County for two or three 
years; and was elected a Representative 
from New York to the Seventeenth Con- 
gress. He then settled in Albany, and in 
1825 was appointed by President Adams 
Judge of the United States for the North- 
ern District of New York, his nomination 
having been unanimously confirmed by 
the Senate. AVhile upon the bench he 
wrote two law-books that were much 
needed by the profession; one of them 
entitled "Conkling's Treatise," and the 



92 



BIOaEAPIIICAL JiECOBDS. 



othor " Conkliiiir's Adiulralty." Tn 1852 
he Wfis nppoiiitiHl by I'rt'sldi-nt. Fillmoro 
MiiiistiT U) Moxk'o, iiiiil on his riMurn from 
that iiilssloii lu> soMlctl mI. l!i'ni>siH>, Now 
York, aiul (U>voU>il liiiiisoU' mainly to ii(- 
tM'ary pnrsnils, inrluilinu; tlii> pivparation 
and pul)lii'at.ion of m-w iMlilions of his 
law-books. In 1S(!7 ho i)nblisluHl a work 
on " 'riio Powors of tlu> Kxociilivo Do- 
parttnonts of Iho Unitod Slatos." Two 
of Ills sons woro Koprosontatlves iu Con- 
gress. 

Con J,f }>!{/, VrrdcricJ,' A. — Ho was 

born in Monm'oniory t'onnly. Now York, 
Anunst L'L', ISK!; was brod a nioivliaut, 
juid has followod that ooonpation in tlic 
City of Now York; was u uionibor of the 
Assonibly of Now York in 1854. 1S,")!>, and 
ISOO; and was oloclod a lv(>prosontativo, 
IVoin Now York, to tlio Tliirty-sovontli 
<.\)njiross. sorvini; as a niouibor of the 
Conunittoo on ^jival Alfairs. 

ConJklinff, JJo,sror.— "VA'as born in 
Albany in 18l'8; roooivod a ,uood odnoa- 
t ion ; ndoptod tho pn>fosslon of law ; in 
18l!) lio was appointed Distriot Attorney 
fi>r (.)neida (\iniity ; in 1858 ho was olooted 
INlayor of IMioa, to whioli [ilaoo lie had 
romovoil in ISbi; and at tho eloso of 
]Sr>8 ho was eloetod a Uoprosentative, from 
New York, to tho 'ridrty-slxth Comrress, 
sorvinjj as a member of tho Con\miltoe on 
tho Distriot of (.\dnmbia; ro-olooted to 
the 'Ihirty-sovonth <.\>nuress, sorvinii- as 
Chairman of tho Ctm\mittoo on a Uankrni>t 
Law, and also as Ciiairman of that on tho 
l>istriet of Colnmbia; ro-olooted to the 
Thirty-ninth Conuress. His father, Al- 
fred Conklinu', and liis brother, Freil- 
oriek A., were also Uepresonrat\ves in 
Con;>ross. In the Thirty-ninth Con- 
jrross he served on tho Commiitoes on 
Ways and Moans and Kooonst motion, lie 
was re-eleeted a Keprosont alive to the 
Fortieth Conjiross, bnt in .lannary, 1S(,>7, 
was ohosoii a Senator in (\Mmross for tho 
torni ondiny; in I87;>, sorvini;; on tho Con\- 
mitteos on Appropriations, tho .Indieiary, 
and Mines and ^Minin-j. He was also 
Frosidont of the Kopnblioan State Couveu- 
tiou of 18i)7. 

Con 'ivr, Saniucl S.—llo was born in 
New llampsiiiio; uradnatod at Yale Col- 
lejio in 1801!; was a Liontonant-Colonol in 
tho United States Army in 1812 (18th In- 
fantry "l ; was a IJepresontativo in Conjiross. 
from iMassaohnsotts, from 1815 to 1817. 
Ho also held tiio ollloe of Sarveyor-Gono- 
ral in Ohio in 18 li). lie died at Covinij- 
tou, Kentucky, December 17, 1820. 

Councss, tToJni.—Tlo was born in Ire- 
land. September 20. 1821. but eamo to this 
country when thirteen years of aue; was 
an\onj; (ho llrst emigrants to California, 
where he became engaged in mining and 
luerctmtile pursuits. " Iu 1852 he was elect- 



ed to tlie State TiOglslattiro, and was 
re-elected tliree times. In 185',) he was can- 
didate for Lientonant-Covornor of Calilbr 
nia, and In 18(!1 a candidate fortiovornor 
of tho Union Democratic [>art.y. In 18(!,'l 
lie was olooted a Senator in (\)ngross, from 
California, forthot(>rm oiidinn' in 18t'>l), serv- 
ing on tlu> (\)mmiltoes on Kinaui^eand tho 
I'aeillc Hailroad ; as Chairman of tho (\)n\- 
ndttce on Minos and Mining, and as a mem- 
ber also of that »>n Fost Ollloos and Post 
Ivoads. Ho was also a. Oelogato to tho Piiil- 
adelphla ''Loyalists' Convention" of 18tHJ. 




ima, uoni ii>-i lo xmi, wiioii no iieriinoii 
a ro-oleeliou ; and having, in 1818, served 
in tho Conoral Assembly, lie also declined 
are-election to that olllco, and retired to 
private life. Diediu North Carolina, Jau- 
uary 15, 18G6. 



Conrad, CJtarles M.—Uo. was born 
in Winchester. Virginia, and when an in- 
fant went witii his father, llrst to Missis- 
sippi, and then to Louisiana, whore ho has 
since resided. In 1828 ho was admitted 
to tho bar la New Orleans; served a 
number of years in tho State liCgislaturo; 
was a Senator in Congress in 1812 and 
181;?; was a member of the Stale Consti- 
tutional Convention in 1811; and a Uepre- 
resentative in Congress, from Louisiana, 
from 184:1) to .Vugnst, 1850, when ho be- 
came Secretary of War under President 
Fillmore. Served in tho Southern lle- 
bollion as a l>rlgadier-Ceneral. 

Conrad, .FredcrieJ^-. — He was a 

Representative iu Congress, from Peuu- 
sjdvania, iVon 1803 to 1807. 

Conrad, fTohn. — He was a Repi'c- 
sentative in Congress, from Pensylvania, 
from 1813 to 1815. 

Constable, Albert. — lie was born in 
Maryland, and was a Keprosontati vein Con- 
gross, from tluit Slate, from 1845 to 1847. 

Contee, BcnJanUn.—Uc was a Del- 
egate to the Continental t^ongress in 1787 
and 1788. and was a Uepresentative in 
Congress, from Maryland, from 178".) to 
17'.)1. He was one of those who voted for 
locating the Seat of Coverumeut ou the 
Potomac. 

Con waff, Henrif TT.— Tie was born 
in Croono County, Tennessee, and was a 
Delegate to Congress, from the Territory 
of Arkansas, fl'oiu 1823 to 1829. 

Conway, Martitt JP.— Was born in 



BIOailAnilCAL liECOBDS. 



93 



Cliarlcston, South Carolina, about the year 
1830; iXMuoved to Haltiinore in Iiis f'our- 
teenlhyear; was bred a printer; followed 
that ijusiness for a time, and took part in 
originating the National Typoifraphioal 
Union, He subsequently studied law and 
practised for several years ; went to Kan- 
sas in 1851:, and was elected to the Council 
of the first Territorial Legislature. Under 
the Topelia Convention he was chosen 
Ciiief Justice of the Supreme Court. In 
18i">(; he was President of the Leavenworth 
Constitutional Convention; and in IB^O 
he was elected a Representative, from 
Kansas, to the Thirty-seventh Congress, 
serving ou the Comniittoe on Indian Af- 
fairs. 

CooTCf Burton C. — "Born in Monroe 
County, New York, May 11, 1810; received 
a collegiate education; adopted the pro- 
fession of law; elected State Attorney for 
tlie Ninth Circuit, in 184G, for two years 
by tlie Legislature; re-elected in 1818 for 
four years by the people; was a member 
of tlie State Senate from 1852 to 18C0, and 
in 1804 lie was elected a Keprcsentative 
from Illinois to the Thirty-ninth Congress, 
serving on the Committee on the Judici- 
ary. Re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, 
serving on the Committees on lileclions 
and Niagara Ship Canal, and as Chairman 
of the Committee on Roads and Canals. 

CooTe, Daniel P. — He was born in 
Scott County, Kentucky, and was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from Illinois, 
from 1820 to 1827, and filled with great 
ability his duties as a member of the Com- 
mittee of Wa3'^s and Jleans. By such 
men as Mr. Calhoun and Judge McLean 
he was considered a man of remarkable 
talents. lie died at the age of thirty-two 
years, in October, 1827. 

Cook, John P. — He was born in New 
York, and, on taking up his residence in 
Iowa, was elected a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1853 to 
1855. 

Cooh, Orchard. — He was a Repre- 
senta'ive in Congress, from M;»ssachu- 
setts, from 1805 to 1811. He was a mer- 
chant by occupation, and for some years 
Sheriir of Lincoln County. 

Cooh, Thoinas B.— He was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from New York, 
from 1811 to 1813, and a member of the 
Assembly of that State iu 1838 and 1839. 

Cooh, ZadocJc— Born in 1709; was 
frequently in the Legislature of Georgia; 
and a Representative in Congress from 
1817 to 1819. His memory is said to have 
been remarkable, as he could, after read- 
ing a chapter in the Bible, repeat the same 
from beginning to end. In 1854 he was 
still living. 



Coohe, Bate.—U(i was a Representa- 
tive iu (^ingress, from New York, from 
1831 to 18.'53. At one time, fr<;m 1839 to 
1841, he held the olllce of Comptrr)ller of 
New York, and, was also a Bank Commis- 
sioner in 1840, Died in 1841, 

Coohe, EleutJier OS. —Born in Gran- 
ville, Washington County, New York, 
December 25, 1787. He received a liberal 
education, and having studied law, prac- 
tised it with success both in New York 
and Ohio until 1830. He was a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from Ohio, from 1831 
to 1833; served for many years in the 
Legislature of that State, before and after 
entering Congress ; and thougli ostensibly 
living in retirement, he was for many 
years very frequently called upon to ad- 
dress the citizens of Oliio on topics of a 
varied nature, on account of his populari- 
ty as an orator. Died at Sandusky, Ohio, 
December 27, 1805. He was the father of 
the distinguished banker, Jay Cooke. 

Coohe, Joseph P. — He was bom in 

1730; graduated at Yale College in 1750; 
was a Delegate from Connecticut to tiie 
Continental Congress from 1784 to 1788; 
and died at Danbury, Connecticut, in 1810. 

Cooper, Edmund. — He was born in 
Franklin, Williams County, Tennessee, 
September 1 1, 1821 ; graduated at Jackson 
College in 1839; read law and attended 
lectures at Harvard University and settled 
in the practice of the profession in Bed- 
ford County; in 1849 he was elected to 
the Tennessee Legislature; was elected a 
"Union Delegate" to the State Conven- 
tion proposed in 1801; was again elected 
to the State Legislature in 1805, but re- 
signed on being elected a Representative 
from Tennessee to the Thirty-ninth Con- 
gress, taking his seat near the close of 
the first session, and serving on the Com- 
mittees on the Murders in South Carolina 
and on Territories. In November, 1807, 
he was appointed Assistant Secretary of 
the Treasury, 

Cooper, George J5.— Born at Long 

Hill, Morris County, New Jersey, June 0, 
1808; received a good comuion-school 
education; removed to Michigan in 1830; 
served in the two houses of the State 
Legislature; served two terms as State 
Treasurer of Michigan; held the position 
of Postmaster at .Jackson for eleven years, 
which he resigned when chosen Treas- 
urer; and was elected a Representative, 
from Michigan, to the Thirty-sixth Con- 
gress. His seat, liowever, was contested 
by William A. Howard, and before the 
close of the first session the latter was 
admitted. 

Cooper, Jatnes. — He was born in 
Frederick County, Maryland, May 8, 1810. 
He commenced his education at the com- 



94 



BIOGBAPHICAL ItECOBDS. 



mon schools of the county, spent some 
little time at St. Mary's College, and 
graduated at Washington College, Penn- 
sylvania. He studied law, and was ad- 
mitted to the bar in Pennsylvania in 1834 ; 
was elected a Representative in Congress, 
from Pennsylvania, in 1838, and re-elected 
in 1840; in 1843 he was elected to the 
State Legislature, and re-elected in 1844, 
1846, and 1848, serving in 1847 as Speaker; 
in 1848 he was appointed Attorney-Gen- 
eral of Pennsylvania, and in 1849 was 
chosen a Senator in Congress for the term 
of six years. During his service in Con- 
gress his health was feeble, so that he 
could not participate in the debates of the 
Senate to the extent that he desired, and 
on his return to Pennsylvania settled in 
Philadelphia and subsequently in Freder- 
ick, Maryland. He afterwards became a 
Brigadier-General in the army, and died 
at Columbus, Ohio, March 28, 1863. 

Cooper, John. — He was a Delegate 
froni New Jersey to the Continental Con- 
gress in 1776. 

■Cooper, Marh ^.— He was born in 
Georgia, and was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from that State, from 1839 to 1841, 
and again from 1842 to 1843. 

Cooper, Richard M. — Born in 

Gloucester County, New Jersey; was a 
member of the Society of Friends ; and 
was a Representative in Congress, from 
New Jersey, from 1829 to 1833. He also 
served in the Legislature, and was Presi- 
dent of the State Bank at Camden. Died 
March 10, 1844, aged seventy-six years. 

Cooper, Thomas. — He was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from Delaware, 
from 1813 to 1817. 

Cooper, Thomas B.—Re was born 
in Cooperstown, Lehigh County, Pennsyl- 
vania, December 29, 1823; was educated 
at Pennsylvania College at Gettysburg, 
and also at the University of Pennsylva- 
nia, where he graduated in 1843; and 
having adopted the profession of a physi- 
cian, he was successful therein. He was 
elected a Representative in Congress, 
from Pennsylvania, for the term ending 
in 1863, but died at Cooperstown, April 
4, 1862, during the second session of the 
Thirty-seventh Congress. 

Cooper, William. — Born in New 

Jersey; and having removed to Otsego 
County, New York, became the founder 
of Cooperstown. He was a Representa- 
tive in Congress, from New York, from 
1795 to 1797, and again from 1799 to 1801. 
He was the father of the eminent author, 
James Feniraore Cooper. 

Cooper} TF. iJ.— He was a Represent- 



ative in Congress, from New Jersey, 
from 1839 to 1841. 

Corbett, jffenri/ TF".— He was bora 
in Westborough, Massachusetts, February 
18, 1827. When quite young, he removed 
to Washington County, New York; was 
educated chiefly at the Cambridge Acad- 
emy in that County ; when sixteen years 
of age he removed to New York City, 
where he remained nearly eight years, en- 
gaged in mercantile pursuits. In 1850 he 
shipped a stock of goods to Portland, in 
Oregon, and removed to that Territory in 
the following year, where he has since 
followed the mercantile business. He 
took an active part in politics, and was 
identified with the organization of the 
Republican and Union parties in the 
State; was a Delegate from Oregon to 
the Chicago Convention whicli nominated 
Abraham Liucoln for the Presidency, and 
in 1866 he was elected a Senator in Con- 
gress, from Oregon, for the term com- 
meacing in 1867 and ending in 1873, serv- 
ing on the Committees on Commerce, 
Indian Affairs, and District of Columbia. 

Cornell, EzeJciel. — He was a Dele- 
gate from Rhode Island to the Continen- 
tal Congress, from 1780 to 1783. 

Cornell, Thomas.— TLq was born at 
White Plains, Westcliester County, New 
York, January 27, 1814; received a com- 
mon-school education; has been engaged 
in the business of transportation and 
banking, and in 1866 he was elected a 
Representative from New York to the 
Fortieth Congress, serving on the Com- 
mittees on Roads and Canals, and Educa- 
tion and Labor. 

Corning, Erastus. — Born in Nor- 
wich, Connecticut, December 14, 1794. 
When thirteen years of age he went to 
Troy, New York, and entered the hard- 
ware store of his uncle, Benjamin Smith, 
the bulk of whose property he subse- 
quently inherited. In 1814 he removed to 
Albany, and continued in the same busi- 
ness, establishing the well-known house, 
still in, existence, of Erastus Corning & 
Co. His first public position was that of 
Alderman of the city of Albany; from 
that he was promoted to Mayor, which 
office he held for three years. He was 
also for several years an influential Rail- 
road, Bank, and Canal Company Presi- 
dent; for several terms a member of the 
State Legislature; and was elected a Rep- 
resentative to the Thirty-flfth Congress, 
serving on the Committee on Naval Af- 
fairs. In 1860 he was re-elected to the 
Thirty-seventh Congress, serving on the 
Committee on Ways and Means ; and was 
also a member of the Peace Congress of 
1861. Re-elected in 1862 to the Thirty- 
eighth Congress, but resigned on account 



BIOGBAPHICAL BEC0ED8. 



95 



of his health. la 1833 he was a Regent 
of the Uuivei'sity of New York, and he 
was a Delegate to the State Constitu- 
tional Convention of 1867. 

Corivin, Moses B. — He was born in 
Bonrbou County, Kentucky, January 5, 
1790; spent his boj-hood on a farm in 
Ohio; received a good education ; studied 
law, and was admitted to the bar in 
1812. In 1838 and 1839 he was elected to 
the Legislature ; and was a Representative 
in Congress, from Ohio, from 1849 to 
1851, and from 1863 to 1855, serving as a 
member of the Committee on the Post 
Office Department. 

Corwin, Thomas^ — Born in Bour- 
bon County, Kentucky, July 29, 1794. 
Rising from humble life, he became dis- 
tinguished as a lawyer, having come to 
the bar in 1817; was elected to the Ohio 
Legislature iu 1822, and afterwards a 
Representative to Congress, from the 
Warren District, in 1831. He continued 
a member of the House until 1840; was 
chosen Governor of Ohio in October of 
tliat year ; and was a Presidential Elector 
in 1844. He was Governor but two years, 
Wilson Shannon succeeding him in 1842. 
The Whigs having a majority in the Leg- 
islature of Ohio in 1845, elected him 
a United States Senator, which office he 
held till his appointment in the cabinet, 
In 1850, as Secretary of the Treasury, 
under^President Fillmore. He was long 
known in Congress as an advocate of the 
Whig measures of policy. As a stump 
speaker and before a jury, his eloquence 
was singularly effective. In October, 
1858, he was elected a Representative in 
Congress, from Ohio, for the term com- 
mencing in 1859 ; and during that year a 
volume of his Speeches was published. 
He was Chairman of the Committee on 
Foreign Afiairs, and of the Special Com- 
mittee of Thirty- three, in the Thirty- 
sixth Congress, on the Rebellious States. 
Re-elected to the Thirty-seventh Con- 
gress, but in 1861 was appointed by Pres- 
ident Lincoln Minister to Mexico. After 
his return from Mexico he resided in 
Washington, where he died December 18, 
1865. His Ijife and Speeches were pub- 
lished in 1859, edited by Isaac Strohm. 

Cotteral, J. L. T.— He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Alabama, 
from 1846 to 1847. 

Cottman, J'osepTi iS.— Born in Som- 
erset County Maryland, August 16, 1803 ; 
received a classical education; admitted 
to the bar in 1826 ; served in the Mary- 
land Legislature ; was a Presidential Elec- 
tor in 1849; and a member of Congress, 
from 1851 to 1853. Died in Somerset 
County, Maryland, in 1863. 

Coulter 3 MicJiard. — He attained 



eminence as a lawyer, and was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Pennsylvania, 
from 1827 to 1835, and died in Westmore- 
land County, Pennsylvania, April 21, 1852. 
At the time of his death, he was Judge 
of the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania. 

Covington, Leonard, — He was 

born at Aquasco, Prince George County, 
Maryland, October 30, 1768. In 1793 he 
obtained from General Washington the 
commission of Lieutenant of Dragoons, 
and joined the army under General 
Wayne; he distinguished himself at Fort 
Recovery and the battle of Miami, and 
was honorably mentioned in the official 
report of General Wayne. After the war 
he was promoted to the rank of Captain, 
by Washington, in 1794, and retired to the 
pursuits of agriculture. He was for many 
years a member of the Legislature of 
Maryland, and was elected a Representa- 
tive in Congress, from that State, from 
1805 to 1807." He was appointed by Pres- 
ident Jetlerson, in 1809, Lieutenant- 
Colonel of a I'eglment of cavalry, and in 
1810 was in command at Fort Adams, on 
the Mississippi, and took possession of 
Baton Rouge, and a portion of West 
Florida. In 1813 he was ordered to the 
Northern frontier, and appointed by Presi- 
dent Madison Brigadier-General. At the 
battle of Williamsburg he received a 
mortal wound while animating his men, 
and leading them to the charge, and died 
at French Mills, November 13, 1813, two 
days after his fiill. His remains were 
removed to Sackett's Harbor, August 13, 
1820, and the place of his burial is now 
known as Mount Covington. He had the 
reputation of being one of the best offi- 
cers in the service. 

Covode, John. — Bora in Westmore- 
land County, Pennsylvania, March 17, 
1808 ; a farmer and manufacturer by occu- 
pation, and extensively engaged in the 
coal business. He was elected, from 
Pennsylvania, a Representative to the 
Thirty-fourth and re-elected to the Thirty- 
fifth Congress, serving on the Committee 
on Public Expenditures. He was also re- 
elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, and 
was made Chairman of a Special Com- 
mittee appointed to investigate certain 
charges made against President Buchanan 
and his administration. Re-elected to 
the Thirty-seventh Congress, serving as 
Chairman of the Committee on Public 
Expenditures. Was a Delegate to the 
Philadelphia "Loyalists' Convention" of 
1866; and re-elected to the Fortieth Con- 
gress, serving on the Committee on the 
Pacific Railroad, and Chairman of that on 
Public Buildings and Grounds. 

Cowan, Edgar. — He was born in 
Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania, Sep- 
tember 19, 1815. After spending one 
year at Franklin College, Ohio, he gradu- 



96 



BIOGBAPHTCAL BECOBBS. 



ated at that institution in 1839. Wliile 
yet a mere boy he was thrown upon his 
own resources for a support, and until 
1842 followed various employments, hav- 
ing been a clerk, boat-builder, school- 
master, and a student of medicine. He 
subsequently studied law, and practised 
the profession until 1861, when he was 
chosen a Senator in Congress, from Penn- 
sylvania, for the term ending in 1867, 
serving on the Committees on the Judi- 
ciary and Enrolled Bills, and as Chairman 
of the Committee on Patents and the 
Patent Office, and those on Einance and 
Agriculture. He was also a member of 
the National Committee appointed to ac- 
company the remains of President Lin- 
coln to Illinois. In 1860 he was a Presi- 
dential Elector, and he was a Delegate to 
the Phihidelphia "National Union Con- 
vention " of 1866, and in January, 1867, 
he was appointed by President Johnson 
Minister to Austria, but was not con- 
firmed. 

Cowen, Benjainin S.—lie was a 
Representative in CougTess, from Ohio, 
from 1841 to 1843. 

Corvles, Henry B.— Born at Hart- 
ford, Connecticut, March 18, 1798. When 
eleven years old he removed to Duchess 
County, New York, with his father, and 
graduated at Union College in 1816. He 
studied law, and was admitted to the bar 
in 1819 ; in 1826, 1827, and 1828, he served 
as a member of the New York Legisla- 
tui-e, from Putnam County, and during his 
first term was Chairman of the Select 
Committee raised to investigate the " As- 
tor Claim; " and he was a Kepresentative 
in Congress, from New York, from 1829 
to 1831. In 1834 he took up his residence 
in the City of New York, where he con- 
tinued in the practice of his profession. 

Cox, tTames. — He was a native of 
Monmouth County, New Jersey, having 
been born in 1753; several years a mem- 
ber of the State Legislature, and Speaker 
of the Assembly; commanded a company 
of Militia in the Revolution, having been 
engaged in the battles of Germantown 
and Monmouth ; was subsequently a Brig- 
adier-General of Militia ; and was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from New Jersey, 
during the years 1809 and 1810. Died 
September 12, 1810. 

CoXf Leander 31, — He was born in 
Virginia, and removing to Kentucky, was 
elected a Representative, from that State, 
to the Thirty-third and Thirty-fourth 
Congresses. 

Cox, Samuel S.—Hq was born in 
Zanesville, Ohio; graduated at Brown 
University; adopted the profession of 
law, and was also an editor in Ohio. He 
was appointed Secretary of Legation to 



Peru in 1855; and elected a Representa- 
tive, from Ohio, to the Thirty-fifth and 
Thirty-sixth Congresses, serving as Chair- 
man of the Committee on Revolutionary 
Claims. As an author, he published a 
book of foreign travel called " The Buck- 
eye Abroad," and on literary topics is an 
occasional lecturer. He was elected to 
the Thirty-seventh Congress, serving on 
the Committee on Foreign Affairs, and 
was re-elected to the Thirty-eighth Con- 
gress, serving on the same Committee. 
He was also a Regent of the Smithsonian 
Institution, to serve until December, 
1805, and a Delegate to the " Chicago 
Convention" in 1864. On his retirement 
from Congress he settled in the City of 
New York, and in 1865 published a politi- 
cal work entitled "Eight Years in Con- 
gress." He was a Delegate, also, to the 
Philadelphia " National Union Conven- 
tion" of 1866. 

Coxe, William. — He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from New Jersey, 
from 1813 to 18i5; served in the State 
Legislature, and was chosen Speaker of 
the Assembly ; and died in Burlington. 

Crabb, George W. — He was born in 
Virginia, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from Alabama, from 1839 to 
1841. 

Crabb, Jere^niah. — He was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from Maryland, 
from 1795 to 1796. 

Cradlebaugh, JToJin.—He was born 
in Ohio, and elected a Delegate from the 
Territory of Nevada to the Thirty-seventh 
Congress. 

Crafts, Samuel C— He was born in 
Windliam County, Connecticut; and grad- 
uated at Harvard University in 1790. His 
father effected the settlement of Crafts- 
bury, Vermont, and upon the organization 
of the town, in 1792, Mr. Samuel C. Crafts 
was chosen Town Clerk, and held the office 
for thirty-seven successive years. He was 
the youngest Delegate to the Convention 
for revising the State Constitution in 1793. 
In 1796, 1800, 1801, 1803, and 1805, he was 
elected a member of the House of Repre- 
sentatives of the State. From 1796 to 
1815 he was Register of Probate for Or- 
leans District. In 1798 and 1799 he was 
Clerk of the House of Representatives. 
From 1809 to 1812, and from 1825 to 1827, 
he was a member of the Executive Coun- 
cil. In 1800 he was appointed a Judge of 
Orleans County Court, and remained such 
till 1816, during the last six years as Chief 
Judge. From 1825 to 1828 he was again 
Chief Judge, and from 1836 to 1838 Clerk 
of the Court. In 1816 he was elected Rep- 
resentative in Congress, and served for 
that and the three succeeding terms, — 
that is, from 1817 to 1825, inclusive. In 



A 



BIOaBAPIIICAL BECOBDS. 



07 



1828 he was elected Governor of Vermont, 
and was re-elected in 1829 and 1830. In 

1829 he was President of the Constitu- 
tional Convention. In 1842 he was ap- 
pointed by Governor Paine, and after- 
wards elected by the Legislature, a Sena- 
tor in Congress for the unexpired terra of 
one year. He thus filled every office in 
the gift of Vermont. He died in Crafts- 
bury, Vermont, November 19, 1853, aged 
eighty- four years. 

Cragin, Aaron M. — Born in Wes- 
ton, Vermont, February 3, 1821 ; adverse 
circumstances prevented him from obtain- 
ing a collegiate education; but having 
studied law, came to the bar in Albany, 
New York, in 1847, and the same year re- 
moved to Lebanon, New Hampshire, and 
practised his profession. He was a mem- 
ber of the New Hampshire Legislature 
from 1852 to 1855 ; was elected a Repre- 
sentative, from tliat State, to the Thirty- 
fifth Congress, sei'ving on the Committees 
on Revolutionary Claims and Piinting. 
He was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Con- , 
gress, serving on the same Committees. 
In 1850 he was again elected a member of 
the State Legislature ; and in 1860 was a 
Delegate to the "Chicago Convention" 
which nominated Abraham Lincoln. In 
18G4 he was elected a Senator in Congress, 
from New Hampshire, for the term of six 
years from 1865, serving on the Commit- 
tees on Naval Aflairs, Territories, the Pa- 
cific Railroad, and Engrossed Bills; and 
was also a Delegate to the Philadelphia 
*• Loj'alists' Convention" of 1866. He was 
subsequently made Chairman of the Com- 
mittee on Contingent Expenses of the 
Senate. 

Craig, Hector, — He was a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from New York, from 
1823 to 1825, and again from 1829 to 1830. 

Craig, James. — Born in Pennsylva- 
nia; is a lawyer by profession ; and was a 
member of the Missouri Legislature in 
1847 ; was a Captain of a Volunteer Com- 
pany in the Mexican war; Circuit Attor- 
ney for the Twelfth Judicial Circuit in 
Missouri from 1852 to 1856; and was a 
Representative in the Thirty -fifth Con- 
gress, from Missouri, serving on the Com- 
mittee on Post Ofiices and Post Roads. He 
was also re-elected to the Thirty-sixth 
Congress, serving on the Committee on 
Post Offices and Post Roads. 

Craig, Robert. —He was born in Vir- 
ginia, and was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from that State, from 1829 to 1833, 
and again from 1835 to 1841. 

Craige, Burton.— Bovn in Rowan 
County, North Carolina, March 13, 1811; 
graduated at Chapel Hill in 1829 ; is a law- 
yer by profession ; was a member of tlie 
State Legislature in 1832 and 1834 ; and 
7 



was elected to the Thirty-third, Thirty- 
fourth, and Thirtj'-flfth Congresses, serv- 
ing as a member of the Judiciary Com- 
mittee; re-elected to the Thirty-sixth 
Congress, serving on the Committee on 
Revolutionary Pensions. He took part in 
the Rebellion of 1861 as a member of the 
Confederate Congress. 

CraiJc, William.— He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Maryland, 
from 1796 to 1801. 

Cramer, John, — He was a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from New York, from 
1833 to 1837 ; having been a Presidential 
Elector in 1805, elected to the State Con- 
stitutional Convention in 1821, and having 
served three years in the Assembly and 
three years in the Senate of the State of 
New York. 

Crane, Joseph JBT.— Born in Eliza- 
bethtown. New Jersey ; studied law; was 
for many years President Judge of the 
Court of Common Pleas ; and was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from Ohio, from 
1829 to 1837 ; and died at Dayton, Ohio, 
November 12, 1852, aged seventy years. 

Crane, Stephen. — He was a Dele- 
gate from New Jersey to the Continental 
Congress from 1774 to 1776. 

Cranston, Henry T".— Born in New- 
port, Rhode Island, October 9, 1789; re- 
ceived a limited education; worked at a 
trade for five years from the age of twelve, 
then commenced the business of commis- 
sion merchant ; studied law, and was ad- 
mitted to the bar in three years. In 1818 
he was elected Clerk of the Court of Com- 
mon Pleas, and held the office until 1833; 
he was for twenty-five years annually 
elected Moderator for the town of New- 
port; was a member of the several Con- 
ventions for framing and remodeling the 
State Constitution, and was Vice-President 
of the Convention in 1842. From 1827 to 
1843 he was a member of the lower branch 
of the Legislature, and was a Representa- 
tive in Congress from 1843 to 1847, when 
he was returned to the Legislature, and 
was several times Speaker of that body, 
until 1854, after which time he lived in re- 
tirement. Died at Newport, February 12, 
1864. 

Cranston, Mobert B.—He was born 
in Rhode Island, and was a Representa- 
tive in Congi-ess, from that State, from 
1837 to 1843, and again from 1847 to 1849. 
In 1864 he was a Presidential Elector. 

Crary, Isaac JE. — He was born in 
Preston, New London County, Connecti- 
cut; received a good English education; 
adopted the profession of law, and re- 
moved to the Territory of Michigan ; was 
there appointed a General of Militia ; was 



98 



BIOGBAPHIOAL BEGOBDS. 



elected a Delegate to Congress from the 
Territory in 1835 and 183C; and was a 
Eepresentative in Congress, from that 
State, from the time of its admission into 
the Union in 1836 to 1841. He died in 
Marshall, Michigan, May 8, 1854. 

Cravens, J^atnes ^.— Born in Rock- 
ingham County, Virginia, November 4, 
1818 ; removed with his father to Indiana 
in 1820 ; spent his boyhood in Washington 
County, where he received a common- 
school education, and devoted much of his 
life to agricultural pursuits, and especially 
-to the raising of the best breeds of cattle. 
In 1841 he was a Presidential Elector. He 
served as a Major in the Mexican war un- 
der General Taylor, and vvas present at the 
battle of Buena Vista. In 1848 and 1849 
he was elected to the Legislature of Indi- 
ana; in 1850 elected to tlie State Senate, 
serving three years ; in 1854 he was com- 
missioned a Brigadier-General of Militia; 
frequently presided over tlie Board of 
School Trustees for his township; was 
Vice-President and President of the Wash- 
ington ahd Orange Counties Agricultural 
Societies ; in 1859 he was appointed by the 
Legislature of Indiana to the important 
position of Agent for the State, which he 
resigned, and in 1860 he was elected a 
Representative, from Indiana, to the Thir- 
ty-seventh Congress, serving on the Com- 
mittee on Territories. He was re-elected 
to the Thirty-eighth Congress, and was a 
member of the Committee on Territories. 
He was also a Delegate to the Philadel- 
phia "National Union Convention" of 
1866. 

Cravens, Jatnes H.—Ke was born 
in Rockingham County, Virginia, in 1798 ; 
in early life removed to Indiana, and set- 
tled in Ripley County ; held a number of 
important local offices in the State; and 
was a Representative in Congress, from 
Indiana, from 1841 to 1843. He was sub- 
sequently a candidate of the Free-soil par- 
ty for the office of Governor, but was un- 
successful ; and he served as Colonel of an 
Indiana regiment during the war for the 
suppression of the Rebellion. 

Cratvford, George IF.— Born in 
Columbia County, Georgia, December 22, 
1798. He graduated at Princeton in 1820 ; 
studied law, and commenced the practice 
at Augusta in 1822. In 1827 he was elect- 
ed Attorney-General, and continued in that 
office until 1831 ; he was in the State Leg- 
islature from 1837 to 1842; and in 1848 
was elected to Congress to fill a vacancy. 
He was elected Governor of the State in 
1843, and re-elected in 1845. He was a 
member of President Taylor's Cabinet as 
Secretary of War, and subsequently vis- 
ited Europe, after which time he lived in 
retirement in Georgia. * 

Crawford, J'oe?.— Born in Columbia 



County, Georgia, June 15, 1783. He was 
educated by private tutors ; became a stu- 
dent of law, and was admitted to practice 
in 1808. In 1813 he joined the army of 
General Floyd, and served through the 
whole campaign as Aide-de-camp to the 
General. After the war he resumed the 
practice of his profession ; served three 
years in the State Legislature, and was a 
Representative in Congress, from Georgia, 
from 1817 to 1821. Died April 5, 1858. 

Crawford, 3Iartin J". — He was born 

in .Jasper Countj^, Georgia, March 17, 1820 ; 
Avas educated at the Mercer University; is 
a lawyer by profession, and was a member 
of the Georgia Legislature from 1845 to 
1847. In 1853 he was appointed Judge of 
the Superior Court for the Chattahoochee 
Circuit, and was elected a member of the 
Thirty-fourth and Thirty-fifth Congresses, 
serving in the last on tlie Committees oa 
Ways and Means and Roads and Canals. 
He was also elected to the Thirty-sixth 
Congress, still serving on the Committee 
on Ways and Means. Withdrew in 1861 
and joined the great Rebellion of that year 
as a member of the Rebel Congress, and 
was a Commissioner to Washington. 

Crawford, Thomas jff.— Born at 

Chambersburg, Pennsylvania, November, 
14, 1786. He graduated at Pi'inceton Col- 
lege in 1804 ; studied law for three years, 
and was admitted to the bar in 1807 ; and 
was a Representative in Congress, from 
Penns3'lvania, from 1829 to 1833. During 
the last year named he was elected to the 
State Legislature; in 1836 he was ap- 
pointed a Commissionerto investigate cer- 
tain alleged frauds in the purchase of the 
reservation of land of the Creek Indians ; 
in 1838 he was appointed by President Van 
Buren Commissioner of Indian Affairs, and 
took up his residence in Washington, hold- 
ing that office for seven years ; and in 1845 
he was appointed by President Polk, Judge 
of the Criminal Court of the District of 
Columbia, which arduous position he oc- 
cupied until his death, which took place 
in Washington, January 27, 1863. 

Cratvford, WilUain.—He graduated 
at Princeton College, and was a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from Pennsylvania, 
from 1809 to 1817. 

Crawford, WiUla^n Jf.— Born in 
Amherst County, Virginia, February 24, 
1772, and with his father settled in Georgia 
in 1783. He I'eceived an academical edu- 
cation, and subsequently had the manage- 
ment of Richmond Academy. He studied 
law and took a high position as a lawyer, 
and in 1799 was appointed to prepare a 
Digest of the Laws of Georgia. A con- 
spiracy having been organized to drive 
him from the bar, he was challenged by 
a man named Van Allen, whom he killed 
at the first fire. He served four years iu 



BIOGBAPHICAL BECOBDS. 



99 



the State Legislature, and was a Senator 
iu Congre-JS, from Georgia, from 1807 to 
1813, aiid diidng a part of tlie Twelfth 
Congress officiated as President pro lem. 
of the Senate. President Madison invited 
him into his cabinet as Secretary of War, 
but he declined the honor, accepting, in- 
stead, the post of Minister to France, iu 
1813; on his return, however, at the end 
of two j'ears, he went into the War De- 
partment. In 1817 he was appointed by 
President Monroe, Secretary of the Treas- 
ury, where he served with marl^ed ability 
until 18.'5, during which year he received 
a flattering vote for President of the 
United States. In 1827 he was appointed 
Judge of the Northern Circuit of Georgia, 
which office he held until his death, which 
occurred in Albert County, Georgia, Sep- 
tember 15, 1834. 

Creighton, WilUain. —Born iu 

Berkeley County, Virginia, October 29, 
1778; graduated at Dickinson College 
when quite young; studied law and was 
admitted to the bar at the age of twenty; 
and in 1798 he settled in Chiilicothe, Ohio, 
devoting himself to his profession, and 
holding many positions of public trust. 
He was the first Secretary of State for 
Ohio ; and was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from that State, from 1813 to 1817, 
and again from 1827 to 1833. Died at 
Chiilicothe, October 8, 1851, having for 
many years previously declined all public 
office. 

Creswell, John A. tT.— Was born In 
Port Deposit, Cecil County, Maryland, 
November 18, 1828; graduated at Dickin- 
son College, Pennsylvania, iu 1848 ; stud- 
ied law and came to the bar of Maryland 
in 1850. He was a member of the Mary- 
land House of Delegates in 1861 and 1862. 
Prom August, 1862, to April, 1863, he was 
an Assistant Adjutant-General for Mary- 
land, and was elected a Representative, 
from Maryland, to the Thirty-eighth Con- 
gress, serving on the Committees on Coai- 
merce and Invalid Pensions. He was 
also a Delegate to the Baltimore Conven- 
tion of 1864. In March, 1865, he was 
chosen a Senator in Congress for the un- 
expired terra of T. H. Hicks, deceased, 
serving on the Committees on Agriculture 
and Mines and Mining, and as Chairman 
of the Committee on the Library. By re- 
quest of the House of Representatives, he 
delivered an Eulogy on his friend and 
colleague Henry Winter Davis, on the 22d 
of February, 1866. He was also a Dele- 
gate to the Philadelphia "Loyalists' Con- 
vention," of 1866 and the " Border States 
Convention," held in Baltimore in 1867. 

Crisfielcl, John TT.— Was born in 
Kent County, Maryland, November 6, 
1808 ; received his education at Washing- 
ton College, Chestertown; studied law 
and was admitted to the bar iu 1830 ; set- 



tled in the practice of his profession, in 
Somerset County; was elected to the 
Maryland Legislature in 1836 ; lie was a 
Representative in Congress, from Mary- 
land, from 1847 to 1849 ; iu 1850 he was a 
Delegate to tiie State Constitutional Con- 
vention ; in 1861 he was a Dijlegate to the 
Peace Congress ; and was elected a Rep- 
resentative from Maryland, to the Thirty- 
seventh Conirress, serving on the Com- 
mittees on Public Lands, and on Public 
Expenditures. He was also a Delegate 
to the Piiiladelphia " National Union Con- 
vention," of 1860. 

Crittenden, John J.— Re was bora 
in Woodford County, Kentuck.y, in Sep- 
tember, 1786. When quite young he en- 
tered the army, and during the war of 
1812 served as Major under General Hop- 
kins, in his expedition, and was Aide-de- 
camp to Governor Shelby, at the battle 
of the Thames. After adopting the pro- 
fession of law, he served a number of years 
in the Stale Legislature, and was chosen 
Speaker of the House ; he entered Con- 
gress as a member of the Senate, from 
Kentucky, iu 1817, serving then but two 
years. From 1819 to 1835 he continued in 
the practice of his profession, residing 
principally at Frankfort, and a'jiain occa- 
sionally representing his county in the 
State Legislature. In 1835 he was again 
elected to the United States Senate, and 
continued to serve in that body until 
March, 1841, when he was appointed At- 
torney-General by President Harrison. In 
September, 1841, he resigned with the 
other members of the cabinet, except Mr, 
Webster, and retired to private life, from 
which, however, he was soon called by the 
Legislature to resume his seat in the 
United States Senate, in 1842, in the place 
of Henry Clay, resigned. He was also 
elected a Senator for another term of six 
years, from March, 1843; but, in 1848, 
having received the Whig nomination for 
Governor of Kentucky, he retired from 
the Senate, and was elected to that office, 
which he held until his appointment as 
Attorney-General by President Fillmore, 
in July, 1850. He was again elected to 
the United States Senate in 1855, for the 
term ending in 1861, and was, when he re- 
tired, the oldest member of that body. He 
was elected in 1860 a Representative, from 
Kentucky, to the Thirty-seventh Congress, 
serving, as he had always done in the Sen- 
ate, on the more important committees, 
and a Compromise measure which he 
originated has passed into history bearing 
his name. Died at Louisville, Kentucky, 
July 25, 1863. 

Crocheron, Uenry, — He was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from New York, 
from 1815 to 1817. 

Crocheron, Jacob. — He was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from New York, 



100 



BIOGBAFHIGAL BECOBDS. 



from 1829 to 1831. la 1837 he was a 
Presidential Elector. 

CroclceVf Samuel i.— "Was born in 
Taunton, Massacliusetts, March 31, 1804; 
graduated at Brown University in 1822 ; 
held various municipal offices ; and in 1849 
was elected a member of the Executive 
Council of Massachusetts; was devoted 
to the manufacturing business; and was 
a Representative, from Massachusetts, to 
the Thirty-third Congress. 

Croclcettf David, — Born in Greene 
County, Tennessee, August 17, 1786, of 
Irish descent, his father having fought in 
the Revolutionary war. He commenced 
the active duties of life when twelve years 
old, by turning drover, and, instead of go- 
ing to school, he chose the fortunes of an 
adventurer. He served under General 
Jackson, in some of the Indian wars, as a 
Colonel, and became his fast friend. He 
had a natural bias for politics, and his 
smartness and eccentricities made him 
very popular on the frontiers, and caused 
him to be elected to the Legislature of 
Tennessee. He was fond of the woods, 
and had no equal as a bear-hunter. He 
was elected to Congress, in 1827, from 
Tennessee, and servfed until 1831, and then 
again in 1833, serving until 1835. While 
in Washington he was always at his post 
of duty, never forgetting the welfare of 
his constituents, and he was one of the 
most popular men in Congress. The 
most striking features of his disposition 
and mind Avere, undoubtedly, of a whim- 
sical character; but behind these there 
was mucli to command respect and admira- 
tion. He told stories or related his wild 
adventures with wonderful effect. He was 
killed at the Alamo, Texas, March 1, 
1836. In 1835 he published a " Tour to the 
North and Down East," and in 1847 ap- 
peared a volume about him, entitled 
" Sketches and Eccentricities." 

Crockett, John W. — He was the son 

of the celebrated David Crockett, a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from Tennessee, 
from 1838 to 1843, and died at Memphis, 
November 24, 1852. 

Cross, Edward. — He was born in 
Tennessee, and, on taking up his resi- 
dence in Arkansas, was elected a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from 1839 to 1845. 

Crouch, Edward. — He was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from Pennsyl- 
vania, from 1813 to 1815. 

Crowell, John. — Born in Halifax 
County, Alabama; was chosen Delegate 
to Congress when the Territory of Ala- 
bama was established in 1817, and served 
till 1819, when the State Constitution was 
formed, and he was elected first Repre- 



sentative to Congress, serving till 1821, 
and was a member of the Committee on 
Private Land Claims. Soon afterwards 
he was appointed Agent for the Creek 
Indians, then inhabiting large portions of 
Alabama and Georgia, and exercised ex- 
tensive influence over them, until their 
removal west of the Mississippi, in 1836. 
He died near Port Mitcnell, Alabama, June 
25, 1846. 

Croivell, John. — He was born in 
Connecticut, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from Ohio, from 1847 to 1851, 
and was a member of the Committee on 
Indian Affairs. 

Crowninshleld, Benjamin TV. — 

Born in Essex County, Massachusetts, in 
1774. He filled with general acceptance 
the office of Secretary of the Navy, to 
which he was appointed in December, 
1814, by President Madison, and served 
until his resignation, in November, 1818. 
In 1820 he was also a Presidential Elector. 
In 1823 he was elected a Representative 
in CongL'ess, from the Salem District of 
Massachusetts, and continued in that po- 
sition until 1831. He died in Boston, 
February 8, 1851. 

Crowninshield, Jacob. — He was a 

member of the Massachusetts Legislature 
in 1801, and was elected a Representative 
in Congress, from Mt-ssachusetts, from 
1803 to 1805, and appointed Secretary of 
the Navy, by President Jefferson, March 
3, 1805. Died April 14, 1808. 

Crozier, John S. — He was born in 
Tennessee, and was a Representative in 
Congiress, from that State, from 1845 to 
1847, and for a second term, ending in 
1849. 

Crudup, Josiah. — He was born in 
Wake County, North Carolina; a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from North Caro- 
lina, from 1821 to 1823, and was a member 
of the Committee on Private Claims. 

Cruger, Daniel. — He was a member 
of the New York Assembly a number of 
years, and a Representative in Congress, , 
from that State, from 1817 to 1819. ! 

Crump, George William. — Born 
in Powhatan County, Virginia; graduated 
at Princeton College ; studied medicine 
and practised the profession ; was a 
member of the Legislature ; and was a. 
Representative in Congress from Virginia, 
from 1826 to 1827, in the place of John 
Randolph, resigned. From 1832 to the 
time of his death in 1850 he was Chief 
Clerk of the Pension Bureau in Washing- 
ton. 

Culbreth, Thomas, — Born in Kent 



BIOGBAPMICAL BECOEDS. 



101 



County, Delaware, and was a Representa- 
tive in Congress, from Maryland, from 
1817 to 1S21. 

Cullen, Ellsha X).— He was born in 
Delaware, and elected a Representative, 
from that State, to the Thirty-fourth Con- 
gress. 

Cullotn, Alvan, — He was a native of 
Kentucky ; adopted the law as his profes- 
sion; served frequently in the Legislature 
of Tennessee, and was a Representative 
in Congress, from Tennessee, from 1845 
to 18-i7. He was a Delegate to the Peace 
Congress of 1861. 

Culloin, Shelby 31.— Rn was born 
in Kentucky, November 22, 1829 ; adopted 
the profession of law; on removing to 
Illinois he was elected to the State Legis- 
lature in 1856; re-elected in 1880, and 
chosen Speaker; was a member of the 
War Commission which sat in Cairo in 
1862 ; and in 1864 he was elected a Repre- 
sentative, from Illinois, to the Thirty- 
ninth Congress, serving on the Commit- 
tees on Foreign AfiFairs and Expenditures 
in the Treasury Department. Re-elected 
to the Fortieth Congress, serving on the 
Committee on Territories. 

Culloin, Wllliain. — He was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from Tennessee, 
from 1851 to 1855, and Clerk of the House 
of Representatives daring the Thirty- 
fourth Congress. 

Culpepper, John. — He was born in 
_Ansou County, North Carolina, and rep- 
resented that State in Congress from 1807 
to 1808, when his seat was vacated by res- 
olution of the House ; but he was re- 
elected, and served from 1813 to 1817, 
from 1819 to 1821, and from 1823 to 1825. 
He was' a Baptist preasher, and elected 
to the General Assembly ; but his seat was 
vacated on constitutional grounds. 

Culver, Charles Vernon. — He was 

born in Logan, Ohio, September 6, 1830; 
spent the most of his life actively engaged 
in business pursuits, and was elected a 
Representative, from Pennsylvania, to the 
Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the 
Committees on Banking and Currency 
and Expenditures in the Treasury Depart- 
ment. Having been unfortunate in busi- 
ness he was prosecuted in 1866 for alleged 
illegal practices, but after a prolonged 
trial was duly acquitted of the charges 
brought against liim. 

Culver, Erastus D. — He was born 
in New York ; graduated at the University 
of Vermont in 1826 ; served in the Assem- 
bly of New York in 1838 and 1841, and 
was a Representative in Congress, from 
New Y^ork, from 1845 to 1847. 



CumbacJc, William.— He was bora 
in Franklin County, Indiana, March 24, 
1820; was educated at the Miami Univer- 
sity, Ohio; taught school for one or two 
years; attended the Law School at Cin- 
cinnati, and adopted the legal profession; 
and he was elected a Representative, from 
Indiana, in the Thirty-fourth Congress. 
He was also a Presidential Elector in 
1861, and during that year was appointed 
an Additional Paymaster in the armj'. 

Cuniming, Thomas TF.— He was 
born in Maryland, and was a Representa- 
tive in Congress, from New York, from 
1853 to 1855. 

Cuinming, William. — He was a 

Delegate, from North Carolina, to the 
Continental Congress in 1784. 

Cummins, J'ohn D. — He was born 
in Pennsylvania, and was a Representa- 
tive, from Ohio, during the Thirtieth 
Congress. He died of cholera at Milwau- 
kie, Wisconsin, September 11, 1848. 

Cunningham, Francis A. — He 

was born in South Carolina, and was a 
Representative in Congress, from Ohio, 
from 1845 to 1847. 

Curry, Jdbez Ti. Jlf.— Born in Lin- 
coln County, Georgia, June 5, 1825, and 
removed with his father, in 1838, to Tal- 
ladega County, Alabama, where he has 
since resided ; he graduated at the Uni- 
versity of Georgia in 1843, and at the 
Dane Law School, Harvard University, 
in 1845, and practised law with success in 
Alabama. In 1846 he joined the Texas 
Rangers for the Mexican war, but soon 
returned on account of ill health. He 
was a member of the lower branch of the 
Legislature of Alabama in 1847, 1853, and 
1855 ; a Presidential Elector in 1856 ; and 
in 1857 was elected a Representative in 
Congress, from Alabama, serving on the 
Committees on Revolutionary Claims and 
Expenditures in the State Department. 
Re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, 
serving on the Committee on Naval Af- 
fairs. Withdrew in 1861, and took part 
in the Rebellion of that year as a member 
of the Rebel Congress. After the close 
of the Rebellion he was ordained a 
Preacher of the Gospel in the Baptist 
church. In 1865 he was appointed Pres- 
ident of Howard College, in Alabama. 

Curtis, Carlton B.— He was born in 
New York, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from Pennsylvania, from 1851 
to 1855. 

Curtis, Edward.— ^orn in Vermont ; 
graduated at Union College, New York, 
and practised law in New York City. He 
took a prominent part in the councils of 
that city, and was a Reoresentative in 



102 



BIOGBAPHICAL BEGOBDS. 



Congress, from New York, from 1837 to 
1841. He was appointed Collector of New 
York by President Harrison, and removed 
by President Polk. He was an intimate 
friend of Daniel Webster. 

Curtis, Samuel JR.— Born in Ohio 
(while his parents were emigratin;^ to the 
West from Connecticut), February 3, 
1807. He graduated at the West Point 
Academy in 1831, and was appointed a 
Lieutenant in the United States Infantry, 
but resigned in 1832. He studied and 
pursued the profession of law in Ohio; 
was subsequently an engineer in Ohio and 
Iowa; from 1837 to 1840 Chief Engineer 
of the Muskingum Works; during the 
Mexican war he served as an Adjutant- 
General in mustering the State troops; 
he went to Mexico as a Colonel under 
General Taylor, and acted for a time as 
Governor of Matamoras, Camargo, Mon- 
terey, and Saltillo, performing much im- 
portant service ; on his return from Mex- 
ico he practised law for a time, but was 
called to Iowa and Missouri to perform 
important labors as an engineer, in im- 
provements of harbors and the building 
of railroads ; and having finally settled at 
Keokuk, in Iowa, he was elected from 
that State a member of the House in the 
Thirty-fifth Congress. He was also re- 
elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, 
serving on the Committee on Military Af- 
fairs, and also on the Special Committee 
of Thirty-three on the Kebellious States. 
He was also a Delegate to the Peace Con- 
gress in 1861. Ee-elected to the Thirty- 
seventh Congress, but resigned, in 1861, 
to serve as a Brigadier and Major General 
in the Union Army during the Rebellion. 
He was subsequently appointed a Com- 
missioner to inspect the Union Pacific 
Eailroad. Died at Council Bluffs, Iowa, 
December 25, 1866. 

Cushing, Caleb, — Was born in Salis- 
bury, Essex County, Massachusetts, Jan- 
uary 17, 1800. He graduated at Harvard 
College in 1817, and was subsequently a 
tutor there of mathematics and natural 
philosophy; studied law at Cambridge, 
and settled in Nevvburyport to practise, 
Laving come to the bar in 1822. In 1825 
and 1826 he served in the State Legisla- 
ture, and in 1829 visited Europe for pleas- 
ure, publishing, on his return, "Remi- 
niscences of Spain," and " Review of the 
Revolution in France." He also wrote 
for the "North American Review." In 
1833 and 1834 he was again elected to the 
Legislature ; and was a Representative in 
Congress from 1835 to 1843. He was ap- 
pointed, by President Tyler, Commissioner 
to China, and as such negotiated an im- 
portant treaty. In 1846 he was again 
elected to the Legislature. In 1847 he was 
chosen Colonel of the Massachusetts Reg- 
iment of Volunteers for the Mexican war, 
and was afterwards appointed Brigadier- 



General by President Polk. In 1850 he was 
for the fifth time elected to tlie Legisla- 
ture, and in 1851 was made a Justice of 
the Supreme Court of the State. When 
President Pierce came into power, he in- 
vited General Gushing into his cabinet, 
as Attorney-General ; and on his I'eturu 
home he was again re-elected to the Leg- 
islature of his native State. In office, or 
out of it, he has the reputation of being 
a hard student, and his success as a law- 
yer is unquestioned. In 1860 he was 
elected President of the Cfiarleston Con- 
vention to nominate a President. In 
July, 1866, he was appointed by President 
Johnson one of three to revise and cod- 
ify the laws of the United States, under 
a late law of Congress. 

Cushing, Thomas.— Re was born in 
1728 ; graduated at Harvard University in 
1744; was early a Representative in the 
Legislature of Massachusetts, and Speaker 
of the House; was a Delegate to the Con- 
tinental Congress from 1774 to 1776; a 
member of the Governor's Council, and 
subsequently elected Lieutenant-Governor 
of the State, and, while holding that office, 
he died, in 1788. Received the degree of 
LL.D. from Harvard College. 

Cushman, John JPaine.—Tle was 
born in Pomfret, Connecticut, in 1784, and 
graduated at Yale College, in 1807. He 
studied law and removed to Troy, New 
York, where he practised his pi'ofession. 
He served in Congress, from New York, 
from 1817 to 1819, and in 1838 was ap- 
pointed Judge of the Circuit Court, hav- 
ing previously been Recorder of the City 
of Troy, and one of the Regents of the 
State University. Died in Troy, New 
York, September 16, 1848. He was a man 
of eminence in his profession, and dis- 
charged with ability the various offices 
with which he was intrusted. 

Cushm^an, Joshua.— Re was born iu 
Plymouth, Massachusetts; graduated at 
Cambridge in 1787; studied divinity ; was 
a Representative in Congress, from Mas- 
sachusetts, from 1819 to 1821 ; and repre- 
sented Maine, in Congress, from 1821 to 
1825, after its separation from Massachu- 
setts. He was also a State Senator iu 1809, 
1810, 1819, and 1820, and a member of the 
Assembly in 1811, and 1834, when he died. 

Cushm,an, Samuel.— Born in 1783; 
was Judge of the Police Court of Ports- 
mouth, New Hampshire, and held several 
offices of trust in the State; such as Coun- 
cillor, from 1833 to 1835; County Treas- 
urer, from 1823 to 1828; and Navy Agent 
at Portsmouth, from 1845 to 1849. He 
was a Representative iu Congress, from 
New Hampshire, fi'om 1835 to 1839, and 
died in Portsmouth, May 20, 1851. 

Cuthhert, Alfred,— Bom in Savan- 



BIOGBAPIIICAL BECOBDS. 



103 



nah, Georgia; he graduated at Princeton 
College in 1803 ; and was a Representative 
in Congress, from Georgia, from 1814 to 
1817; again, from 1821 to 1827, and a 
Scnator'of the United States, from 1837 
to 1813. Died in 1856. 

CutJibert, John ^.— He was born in 
Savannali, Georgia; graduated at Prince- 
ton College in 1805 ; and was a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from bis native State, 
from 1819 to 1821, and was appointed by 
the President, in 1822, a Commissioner to 
treat with the Creek and Cherokee In- 
dians. 

Cutler, Manasseh. — He was bora 
in Killingly, Connecticut, in 1742, and 
graduated at Yale College in 1705 ; studied 
law, and was admitted to the bar in 1767 ; 
removed to Dedham, Massachusetts, in 
1769; studied for the ministry, and was 
ordained in 1771 ; and was settled as pastor 
of a church in Hamilton, Massachusetts, 
September 11, 1771. He distinguished him- 
self by his attention to several branches of 
natural history, particularly by making the 
first essay toward a scientific description 
of the plants of New England; an account 
of several hundred of which, communi- 
cated by him, was published by the Amer- 
ican Academy, of which he was a member, 
and the degree of LL.B. was conferred 
upon him by Harvard College. He was 
one of the first scientific explorers of the 
White Mountains. In 1787 he organized 
an expedition for the North-west Terri- 
tory, and in 1788, with General Rufus Put- 
nam, commenced a settlement at Mariet- 
ta, on the Muskingum, Ohio. In 1790 he 
returned with his family to New England, 
served a number of years in the Legisla- 
ture, and was pastor of the church at 
Hamilton, Massachusetts, until his death. 
In 1800 he was elected to a seat in Con- 
gress, and retained it till 1804, when he 
declined any further political employment, 
from its interference with his professional 
duties. He died July 28, 1823. 

Cutler, Williatn P. — Born near Ma- 
rietta, Ohio, July 12, 1813; was elected to 
the Ohio Legislature in 1844, 1845, and 
1846, ofticiatiug as Speaker of the House 
during the last term ; he was a member of 
the Constitutional Convention of 1850; 
from that period until elected to Congress 
he was President of the Marietta and Cin- 
cinnati Railroad Company; and he was 
elected a Representative, from Ohio, to the 
Thirty-seventh Congress, serving on the 
Committees on the Militia and on Invalid 
Pensions. 

Cutting, Francis JS.— He was born 
in New York; was liberally educated, and 
adopted the profession of law; in 1836 
and 1837 he was a member of the Legisla- 
ture of New York, from the City of New 
York ; and was a Representative in Con- 



gress, from his native State, from 1853 to 
1855. 

Cutis, Charles.— Born in Massachu- 
setts in 1769; entered Harvard College in 
1786; graduated in 1790; studied law with 
Judge Pickering; was elected a member 
of the Legislature in 1804, and then 
Speaker of the House; was sent to the 
United States Senate in 1810, from New 
Hampshire, and served till 1813; and 
chosen Secretary of the Senate, from 1814 
to 1825. By appointment, he entered the 
Senate, for a second term, in 1813, but re- 
signed in June of that year. He died in 
Virginia, in 1846. 

Cutts, Richard.— Born June 22, 1771, 
at Cutts Island, Saco, in the Province or 
District of Maine, then constituting a part 
of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, 
and received his early education at Har- 
vard University, at which institution he 
graduated in 1790, and in the twentieth 
year of his age. He studied law ; was ex- 
tensively engaged in commerce, and took 
an active part in politics. He visited 
Europe, and, on his return, after serving 
two successive years as a member of the 
General Court of Massachusetts, he was, 
at the age of twenty-nine, in 1800, elected 
a member of the House of Represeutatives 
of the United States. He took his seat in 
the House, December 7, 1801, and through 
six successive Congresses, constantly sus- 
tained by the coniiuued confidence of his 
constituents, he gave a firm support to 
President Jefferson's adminstration, and to 
that of his successor. President IMadison, 
until the close of his first term, March 3, 
1813, having patriotically sustained, by his 
votes, non-importation, non-intercourse, 
the embargo, and finally war, as measures 
called for by the honor and interest of the 
nation, although ruinous to his private 
fortune. On the 3d of June, of that year, 
he was appointed Superintendent General 
of Military Supplies, an oflice created by 
the act of March 3, 1813, the functions of 
which were required only during the con- 
tinuance of the war. The oflSce was ac- 
cordingly abolished by the act of March 3, 
1817, to provide for the isrompt settlement 
of public accounts. By the same act the 
ofiice of Second Comptroller of the Treas- 
ury was created, to which Mr. Cutts was 
immediately appointed by President James 
Monroe, and which he held until 1829; 
after which he resided in the City of 
Washington, in the retirement of private 
life, until his death, April 7, 1845. 

Daggett, David. — Born in Attlebor- 
ough, Massachusetts, December SI, 1704; 
graduated at Yale College in 1783. and was 
Professor of Law in that institution for 
many years, and subsequently received the 
degree of LL.D. from that institution. He 
was State's Attorney and Mayor of New 
Haven, and frequently a member of the 



104 



BIOGBAPIIIOAL BEOOBDS. 



Legislature, and member of the Council ; 
and also served as a Presidential Elector 
on several occasions. From 1813 to 1819 
he was a Senator in Congress, from Con- 
necticut ; from 1826 to 1832 he was a Judge 
of the Supreme Court of the State, and 
■was Chief Judge from 1832 to 1834, when 
he attained the age of seventy years. He 
died April 12, 1851. 

Daily, Samuel G. — He was born in 
Indiana in 1819; was elected a Delegate, 
~from the Territory of Nebraska, to the 
Thirty-seventh Congress, and re-elected 
to the Thirty-eighth Congress. He was 
subsequently appointed a Deputy Collect- 
or in New Orleans, where he died Septem- 
ber 14, 18G5. 

Dallas, George Mifflin.— Ke was 

born July 10, 1792, in the City of Philadel- 
phia, where he received his early educa- 
tion. He graduated at Princeton College 
in 1810; commenced the study of law in 
his father's office in Philadelphia, and was 
admitted to the bar in 1813. In the same 
year he accompanied Mr. Gallatin to Eus- 
sia as his private secretary, when that 
gentleman was appointed a member of the 
Commission to negotiate a peace under the 
mediation of Alexander. During his ab- 
sence, he visited Russia, France, England, 
Holland, and the Netherlands. He re- 
turned to the United States in 1814, and, 
after assisting his father for a time in his 
duties as Secretary of the Treasury, he 
commenced the practice of his profession 
at Philadelphia. In 1817 he was ap- 
pointed the deputy of the Attorney-Gen- 
eral of Philadelphia, and soon won a high 
reputation as a criminal lawyer. He took 
an active part in politics, and in 1825 he 
was elected Mayor of Philadelphia, and 
on the accession of General Jackson, in 
1829, he was appointed to the office of 
District Attorney, the same office which 
had been held by his father. This post he 
held until 1831, when a vacancy having 
occurred in the representation from Penn- 
sylvania in the United States Senate, Mr. 
Dallas was chosen to fill it. He took an 
active part in the debates of the stormy 
session of 1832-'33. On the expiration of 
his term of office in 1833, he declined a re- 
election, and resumed the practice of his 
profession. In 1837 he was appointed, by 
President Van Buren, Ambassador to Rus- 
sia, and remained in that country until 
October, 1839, when he returned home, 
and once more devoted himself to the 
practice of law. In 1844 he was elected 
Vice-President of the United States, and 
entered upon the duties of his office in 
March of the following year. His term of 
office expired in March, 1849, when he 
was succeeded by Mr. Fillmore. He was 
appointed, by President Pierce, in 1856, to 
succeed Mr. Buchanan as Minister at the 
Court of Saint James, in Avhich position 
he was retained by Mr. Buchanan, when I 



he became President. Died in Philadel- 
phia, December 31, 1864. 

Dalton, Tristam. — Was born in that 
portion of Newbury, Massachusetts, now 
Newburyport, in 1743, and at the early 
age of seventeen graduated at Harvard 
University. He studied law as an accom- 
plishment, — the fortune which he inherited 
from his father not requiring him to prac- 
tise it as a profession, — and he took a deep 
interest in the cultivation of a large 
landed estate, in what is now the town 
of West Newbury. Washington, John 
Adams, Louis Philippe, Talleyrand, and 
other distinguished guests partook of his 
hospitalities. As eminent for piety as he 
was for mental endowments, the Episco- 
pal Church, of which he was a warden, 
shared in his generous liberality; and he 
was also noted for the affectionate intei'est 
which he took in the welfare of his ser- 
vants, both black and white. He was a 
Representative, Speaker of the House of 
Representatives, and a Senator in the 
Legislature of Massachusetts, and a Sen- 
ator of the United States in the First Con- 
gress after the adoption of the Federal 
Constitution. When Washington City 
was founded, Mr. Dalton invested his en- 
tire fortune in lands there, and lost it by 
the mismanagement of a business agent. 
At the same time a vesse.l, which was 
freighted with his furniture and valuable 
library, was lost on her voyage from New- 
buryport to Washington, and he thus 
found himself, after having lived sixty 
years in affluence, penniless. Several 
offices of profit and honor were immedi- 
ately tendered him by the government, 
and he accepted the Surveyorship of Bos- 
ton. He died in Boston, in June, 1817, 
and his remains were taken to Newbury- 
port, where they were interred in the 
burial-ground of St. Paul's Church. 

Damrell, William S. — Born in 
Portsmouth, New Hampshire, November 
20, 1809 ; never had the privilege of even 
a common-school education ; was by trade 
a printer; and was elected a Represent- 
ative, from Massachusetts, to the Thirty- 
fourth Congress, where he served on the 
Committee on Engraving, and to the 
Thirty-fifth Congress, serving on the 
Committee on Roads and Canals. Died 
at Boston, May 17, 1860. 

Dana, Amasa.—He was a member 
of the New York Assembly in 1828 and 
1829, and a Representative in Congress, 
from that State, from 1839 to 1841, and 
again from 1843 to 1845. 

Dana, Francis. — He was born in 

1743; graduated at Harvard College in 
1762; and, after studying law, resided a 
year in England. He was a Delegate 
from Massachusetts to the Continental 
Congress from 1776 to 1779 and in 1784; 



BIOGBAPHICAL BECOBDS. 



105 



signed the Articles of Confederation ; was 
Secretary of Legation at Paris under John 
Adams; was appointed Minister to Rus- 
sia, but not officially received; was Chief 
Justice of the State from 1792 to 1806, 
when he resigned; and he died in 1811. 

Dana, tTudah. — Born in Massachu- 
setts in 1772; graduated at Dartmouth 
College in 1795; commenced the practise 
of law in Fryeburg; was Attorney for 
Oxford County for six years; Judge of 
Probate for twenty years ; Judge of the 
Common Pleas for nine }'ears ; one of the 
Committee which drafted the Constitu- 
tion of Maine ; a member of the Execu- 
tive Council of the State in 1834 ; and, by 
appointment of the Governor, was a Sen- 
ator in Congress, from Maine, during the 
years 183G and 1837. He died at Frye- 
burg, Maine, December 27, 1845. 

Dana, Samuel. — He was a respecta- 
ble lawyer and a Judge, and during the 
years 1814 and 1815 a Representative in 
Congress from Massachusetts, in place of 
W. M. Richardson, resigned. He died at 
Charleston in November, 1835, in the 
sixtieth year of his age. 

Dana, Samuel IF.— He was born in 
Connecticut in 1747, and died July 21, 
1830. He graduated at Yale College in 
1775, and was a Senator in Congress, from 
Connecticut, from 1810 to 1821. 

Dane, tToseph, — He was born in Bev- 
erly, Essex County, Massachusetts, Octo- 
ber 25, 1778, and graduated at Harvard 
University in 1799. He adopted the pro- 
fession of law, and removing to Kenne- 
buniv, Maine, was a member of the State 
Constitutional Convention of 1816 and 
1819 ; in 1820 he was elected to Congress 
for the unexpired term of J. Homes; and 
from 1821 to 1823 he represented the 
York District of Maine in Congress, when 
he resigned; was subsequently in the Leg- 
islature as a member of the House for six 
years, and was a member of the Senate 
in 18:.^9. He was chosen a member of the 
Executive Council of Massachusetts in 
1817, and to a similar station in Maine in 
1841 ; but he declined both offices. He 
settled in Kentucky early in the present 
century, where he died May 1, 1858. 

Dane, Nathan.— Born at Ipswich, 
Massachusetts, in 1752; graduated at Har- 
vard College in 1778; was a Delegate, 
from Massachusetts, to the Continental 
Congress from 1785 to 1788; was the 
framer of the celebrated ordinance passed 
by Congress in 1787; and, though devoted 
to the practice of law, found time to pre- 
pare a Digest of American Law in nine 
volumes. He established a Professorship 
of Law in Harvard University ; and after 
he had attained his seventieth year, he 
was in the habit of spending fourteen 



hours of each day engaged in reading and 
writing. Died at Beverly, Massachusetts, 
February 15, 1834. He received from 
Harvard College the degree of LL.D. 

Daniel, Senry. — He was born in 
1793, and was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from Kentucky, from 1827 to 1833, 
where he had a famous encounter with 
Tristam Burgess. 

Daniel, John R. «/.— Born in Halifax 
County, North Carolina; graduated at the 
University of that State in 1821 ; studied 
law, and practised it with success. He 
served for several years in the General 
Assembly, and was elected Attorne\'-Gen- 
eral of the State; and was a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from North Carolina, 
from 1841 to 1853, serving through several 
sessions as Chairman of the Committee 
on Claims. 

Danner, W. JB.— He was a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from Pennsylvania, 
from 1850 to 1851. 

Darby, Ezra.— He was a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from New Jersey, from 
1804 to 1808, when he resigned. Died 
January 28, 1808. 

Darby, John Fletcher.— Bom in 
Person County, North Carolina, Decem- 
ber 10, 1803. In 1818 he removed with 
his father to Missouri, and settled in St. 
Louis County, where, until 1823, he 
worked on a farm, pursuing his studies 
under many difficulties, having previously 
received a good English education in his 
native town. After the death of his par- 
ents, in 1825 he applied for an appoint- 
ment at West Point, but being unsuccess- 
ful, sold otit his father's estate, and went 
to Frankfort, Kentucky, and studied law. 
In Majs 1827, having a license to practise 
from the Supreme Court of Kentucky, he 
returned to Missouri and commenced his 
professional life. He was four times 
chosen Mayor of the City of St. Louis, 
and once a member of the State Senate, 
and was a Representative in Congress, 
from 1851 to 1853, from that State. 

Dargan, Edward S. — He was born 
in North Carolina, removed in early youth 
to Alabama, where he subsequently taught 
school and studied law. In 1844 he was 
elected Mayor of Mobile ; from 1845 to 
1847 he was a Representative in Congress, 
from Alabama; and during the latter year 
was elected a Judge of the Supreme Court 
of Alabama. 

Darling, 3Iason C— Born in Bel- 

lingham, Massachusetts, May 18, 1801; 
received a common-school education; 
commenced active life as a school-teacher 
in New York; and having studied med- 
icine, graduated at the Berkshire Medical 



106 



JBIOGBAFHICAL EECOBDS. 



Institution of Massachusetts in 1824. He 
practised his profession for thirteen years, 
when he removed to Wisconsin, and aided 
in establishing the towns of Sheboygan 
and Fond du Lac. The principal offices 
held by him in Wisconsin were those of 
Judge of Probate, Mayor of Fond du Lac, 
a member for several years of the Terri- 
torial Legislature, and a Eepresentative in 
Congress, from the State of Wisconsin, 
from 1847 to 1849. 

Darling, Williain A,— Tie vfa.s horn 
in Newark, New Jersey, December 17, 
1817, but shortly afterwards settled in 
New York City; received a commercial 
education, and. as clerk and proprietor, 
was devoted to the wholesale business ; 
in 1838 he was a director of the Mercantile 
Library Association; was for eleven years 
a member, as officer and private, of the 
Seventh Regiment, National Guard; from 
1847 to 1854 he was Deputy Eeceiver of 
Taxes for New York; from 1854 to 18G5 
was President of a railroad company in 
New York ; was a Presidential Elector in 
1860; in 1803 and 1804 he was President 
of the Union and Republican organization 
of New York Citj^; and in the latter year 
he was elected a Representative from 
New York to the Thirty-ninth Congress, 
serving on the Committees on Naval Af- 
fiiirs. Expenditures in the Post Office 
Department, and the War Debts of Loyal 
States; and also as Chairman of the Com- 
mittee on Revenue Frauds. 

Darlington, Edward. — He was 

born in Pennsylvania, and was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from that State, 
from 1833 to 1839. 

Darlington, Isaac. — Born in West- 
town, Chester County, Pennsylvania, De- 
cember 13, 1781, and died April 27, 1839. 
He was brought up to hard labor, partly 
on a farm, and in the shop of his father, a 
worthy blacksmith, and was a Quaker in 
religion. He educated himself, taught 
school, studied law, and was successful as 
a practitioner. In 1807 he was elected to 
the State Legislature; served as a volun- 
teer Lieutenant in the last war with Eng- 
land; and was a member of Congress, 
from Pennsylvania, from 1817 to 1819; 
declining a re-election. In 1820 he was 
appointed Deputy Attorney-General for 
Chester County, and in 1821 was appoint- 
ed President Judge of the County Court, 
which he held until his death. 

Darlington, William. — Born in 

Birmingham, Chester County, Pennsylva- 
nia, April 28, 1782. He was brought up 
on a farm until eighteen years old, trained 
in the religion of George Fox, and when 
young had but a limited education. He 
studied medicine, and in 1804 graduated 
at the University of Pennsylvania. In 
1806 he was disowned by the Society of 



Friends for accepting the appointment of 
Surgeon to a military regiment. In 1807 
he went to India as Surgeon of a merchant 
ship; in 1811 and 1812 he assisted in es- 
tablishing the West Chester Academy, 
Pennsylvania, of vvhich he was long a 
Trustee and the Secretary; in 1813 he 
prepared a catalogue of plants of his 
native county ; in 1814 he took part in es- 
tablishing the Bank of West Chester, and 
was its President. When Washington 
City was attacked by the British, he went 
to camp as a volunteer ; and he was a mem- 
ber of Congress, from Pennsylvania, from 
1815 to 1817, and again from 1819 to 1823. 
He was also a member of the " American 
Philosophical Society ;" was a Canal Com- 
missioner in 1825. In 1826 he aided in 
forming a Natural History Society in 
West Chester, and was elected President 
of the same; and on account of his devo- 
tion to science, and his scientilic learning, 
a number of rare plants were named after 
him by leading naturalists of Switzerland 
and America. He also held the office of 
Clerk of the Court of Chester County; 
aided in founding and was President of 
the "West Chester Medical Society;" 
was President of a railway company ; in 
1847 he was robbed of $50,000 belonging 
to the bank of which he was President; 
his publications on botany and kindred 
subjects are quite numerous ; in 1848 he 
received from Yale College the degree of 
Doctor of Laws, and in 1855 that of Doc- 
tor of Physical Science from Dickinson 
College; and he was elected a mem- W 
ber of some forty learned societies in 
America and Europe. Died in 1863. 

Darragli, Cornelius. — He was 

born in Pennsylvania, and a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from that State, 
from 1843 to 1847. Died in January, j 
1855. j 

Davee, Thomas.— Born in Plym- 
outh, Massachusetts, December 9, 1797; 
removed to Maine, and was bred a mer- 
chant; served six years in the two Houses 
of the Maine Legislature ; served a second 
term in the State Assembly, and was 
chosen Speaker; he was also High Sher- 
iff of Somerset County, and a Repre- 
sentative in Congress frem 1837 to 1841. 
He was also for many years a Postmaster 
in Maine, and at the time of his death was 
a Senator elect of the State Legislature. 
He died, supported by the hopes of the 
Christian, December 9, 1841. 

Davenport, Franklin.— Tie was a 

Senator in Congress, from New Jersey, 
from 1798 to 1799, but was superseded by 
J. Schureman, and was a Representative 
in Congress from 1799 to 1801. 

Davenport, tTames. — He was a 

graduate of Yale College in 1777, and was 
a Representative in Congress, from Con- 



BIOGBAl'HICAL BECOBDS. 



107 



necticut, from 1796 to 1797, in which year 
he died. 

Daveniyort, John, — He was born in 
Connecticut; graduated at Yale College 
in 1770; was a tutor in that College in 
1773-74; and a Itepresentative in Con- 
gress, from Connecticut, from 1799 to 
1817. He died in 1830. 

Davenport, John, — He was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from Ohio, from 
1827 to 1829. 

Davenjyorf, TJiomas, — He was 

born in Cumberland County, Virginia, 
and was a Representative in Congress, 
from Virginia, from 1825 to 1835, and 
died in Halifax County in November, 
1838. 

Davidson, Thomas €?.— Born in 

Jeffjrson County, Mississippi, August 6, 
1805; studied law and was admitted to 
the bar in 1827; in 1833 was Register of 
the Land Office at Greensburg, Louisiana; 
was elected to the Legislature of that 
State in 1833, where he served, from dif- 
ferent parishes, some thirteen years; and 
he was elected a Representative in Con- 
gress from Louisiana in 1855; re-elected 
in 1857, and was Chairman of the Com- 
mittee on Enrolled Bills, and member of 
the Committee on Claims. Re-elected to 
the Thirty-sixth Congress, but withdrew 
in February, 1861. 

Davidson, William, — He was a 

native of Mecklenburg County, North 
Carolina, liaving been born September 
12, 1778 ; represented that County in the 
State Legislature as a Senator in 1813, 
1815, 1816, and 1817; and was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from his native 
State, from 1818 to 1821. He served 
again in the State Senate in 1827, 1828, 
and 1829. He died in Charlotte, Meck- 
lenburg County, September 16, 1857, from 
injuries which he received by being 
thrown from his carriage while taking a 
drive with a fractious horse. Though 
leading the quiet life of a planter, he was 
a man of great influence and usefulness. 

Davies, Edward, — He was born in 
Pennsylvania, and was a Representative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1837 
to 1841. 

Davis, Am^os, — He represented Ken- 
tucky in Congress, from 1833 to 1835, and 
died in wings ville, Kentucky, June 5, 
1835. 

Davis, Garret. — He was born at 
Mount Stirling, Kentucky, September 10, 
1801 ; received an English and classical 
education; while yet a boy, he was em- 
ployed as a writer in the County and 
Circuit Courts of his district; studied law 



and came to the bar in 1823. In 1833 he 
was elected to the State Legislature, and 
was twice re-elected; in 1839 he was a 
member of the State Constitutional Con- 
vention ; from 1839 to 1847 he was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress from Kentucky, 
and declined a re-election; and, though 
always actively engaged in the practice 
of his profession, he has ever devoted 
much attention to the pursuits of agri- 
culture. In 1861 he was elected a Senator 
in Congress from Kentucky for the term 
ending in 1867, serving on the Committees 
on Foreign Relations, on Territories, 
Claims, and Pensions. From early man- 
hood until the death of Henry Clay he 
was one of the most intimate personal and 
political friends of that statesman. In 1864 
he was appointed a Regent of the Smith- 
sonian Institution, andlnl866 he was one 
of the Senators designated by the Senate 
to attend the funeral of General Scott. 
In January, 1867, he was re-elected to the 
Senate for the term ending in 1873. 

Davis, George T. — He was born in 
Sandwich, Massachusetts, January 12, 
1810; graduated at Harvard College in 
1829; studied law, and was admitted to 
the bar in 1832 ; was elected to the Senate 
of Massachusetts in 1839 and 1840; and 
was Representative in Congress, from 
Massachusetts, from 1851 to 1853. 

Davis, Henry Winter. — Was bora 

in Annapolis, Maryland, August 16, 1817; 
graduated at Kenyon College in 1837. In 
1839 he entered the University of Virginia 
and went through a course of studies at 
that institution; he then settled iu the 
practice of law at Alexandria, Virginia; 
iu 1850 he settled in Baltimore, Maryland, 
and was elected a Representative from 
that State to the Thirty-fourth, Thirty- 
flfth, and Thirty-sixth Congresses, serving 
on the Committee on AVays and Means, 
and also elected to the Thirty-eighth 
Congress, serving as Chairman of the 
Committee on Foreign Afl"airs, and on the 
Special Committee on the Rebellious 
States. In 1864 he was appointed a Re- 
gent of the Smithsonian Institution, and 
from Hampden Sidney College he received 
the degree of LL.D. He was a man of 
superior power as an orator, and as an 
author he published, in 1852, a book en- 
titled "The War of Ormuzd and Ahrinara 
in the Nineteenth Century." Died in 
Baltimore, December 20, 1865; and by a 
resolution of the National House of Rep- 
resentatives a eulogy was pronounced 
upon him on the 22d of February, 1866, 
by his friend and late colleague. Senator 
John A. J. Creswell. This is said to 
have been the only occasion when a pri- 
vate citizen was thus lionored by Con- 
gress. In 1867 his collected speeches 
were published under the editorship of 
his friend Creswell. 



108 



BIOGBAFHICAL BECOBDS. 



Davis, <Tefferson. — He was born in 
Christian County, Kentucky, Jane 3, 1808, 
but his father removed to Mississippi in 
his infancy. He commenced his education 
at tlie Transylvania University, Kentucky, 
but left it for the West Point Academy, 
where he graduated in 1828. He followed 
the fortunes of a soldier until 1835, when 
he became a planter. He was a cadet 
from 1824 to 1828 ; Second Lieutenant of 
Infantry from 1828 to 1833; First Lieu- 
tenant of Dragoons from 1833 to 1835; 
serving in various campaigns against the 
Indians ; was Adjutant of Dragoons, and 
at different times served in the Quarter- 
master's Department; in 1844 was a Pres- 
idential Elector; in 1845 was elected a 
Representative in Congress from Mis- 
sissippi for one term, bnt resigned in 1846 
to become Colonel of a Volunteer regi- 
ment to serve in Mexico ; in Mexico he 
received the appointment of Brigadier- 
General; in 1847 was appointed a Sen- 
ator of Congress, to fill a vacancy, and 
was elected for the terra ending in 1851, 
but resigned in 1850; was re-elected for 
a term of six years, but resigned; was 
appointed Secretary of War by President 
Pierce, serving throughout his administra- 
tion ; and in 1857 again took his seat in 
the United States Senate for the terra of 
six years, serving as Chairman of the 
Committee on Military Affairs, and a 
member of those on Public Buildings and 
Grounds and on Printing. In February, 
1861, he withdrew from the Senate, be- 
came identified with the Great Rebellion, 
and was elected President of the so-called 
*' Southern Confederacy." He was subse- 
quently confined as a prisoner of state in 
Fortress Monroe, and after remaining in 
that stronghold as a prisoner for two 
years, he was, in 1867, released on bail, 
and went to Canada. 

Duvis, J'ohn. — Born in North- 
borough, Massachusetts, January 13, 1787 ; 
graduated at Yale College in 1812 ; adopt- 
ed the profession of law; admitted to the 
bar in 1815; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from 1825 to 1834; Governor of 
Massachusetts during the years 1834 and 
1835, aud 1841 and 1842 ; a Senator in 
Congress from 1835 to 1841, and again 
from 1845 to 1853, always serving on im- 
portant committees and exerting much 
influence. On account of his many popu- 
lar qualities, he was called " Honest John 
Davis." He died suddenly, at Worcester. 
April 19, 1854. 

Davis, tTohn.—Tie was born in Penn- 
sylvania, and was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from that State, from 1839 to 1841, 

Davis, John 6?.— Born in Fleming 
County, Kentucky, October 10, 1810. His 
education was obtained at a country 
school, where, dui-ing the winter months, 
he studied the rudiments of reading, writ- 



ing and arithmetic. He was bred to the 
occupation of a farmer; was elected 
Sheriff of Parke County, Indiana, and re- 
signed in 1832. He was Clerk of the Su- 
perior and Infei'ior Courts of that county 
from 1833 to 1851, and was a Representa- 
tive, from Indiana, in the Thirty-second, 
Thirty-third, and Thirty-fifth Congresses, 
and was a member of the Committee on 
Public Lands, and also served on the Com- 
mittee to Examine into the accounts of 
the late Clerk of the House, William Cul- 
lom. He was also re-elected to the Thirty^ 
sixth Congress, serving as a member of 
the Committee on Public Lands. Died at 
Terre Haute, Indiana, January 18, 1866. 

Davis, J'ohn TF.— He was born in 
Lancaster, Pennsylvania, in 1799 ; after 
completing his medical studies in Balti- 
more, in 1821, at the Medical College, he 
emigrated in 1823 to Indiana. He served 
first, in 1829, as a Surrogate, and then in 
the Legislature of that State, and was 
Speaker of the lower branch, both before 
and after his services in Congress, namely, 
in 1832 and 1841 ; and was afso a Commis- 
sioner to make a treaty with the Indians. 
He was a Representative in Congress, 
from Indiana, from 1835 to 1837, from 1839 
to 1841, and again from 1843 to 1847, serv- 
ing as Chairman of the Committee on 
Public Lands, and was Speaker of the 
House of Representatives during the 
Twenty-ninth Congress. He was, in 1848, 
appointed Minister to China, and, subse- 
quently, held the position of Governor of 
Oregon Teri'itory. He was also President 
of the Baltimore Convention, which nom- 
inated Franklin Pierce for President, in 
1852. Died at Carlisle, Indiana, August 
22, 1859. 

Davis, Reuben. — Born in Tennessee, 
January 18, 1813. He was self-educated, 
owing to the limited means of his father. 
He studied and practised medicine for a 
few years, and afterwards pursued the law 
as a profession. In 1835 he was chosen 
District Attorney for the Sixth Judicial 
District of Mississippi. In 1837 he was 
re-elected to the same office ; served four 
months, in 1842, on the bench of the High 
Court of Errors and Appeals ; was in the 
Mexican war as Colonel Commandant of 
the Mississippi Rifles, but resigned on ac- 
count of sickness, and was in no battle ; 
was elected to the lovi^er branch of the 
State Legislature from 1855 to 1857 ; and 
was elected a member of the Thirty-fifth 
Congress, serving on the Committees on 
Post Offices and Post Roads, and Expendi- 
tures in the Navy Department. Re-elected 
to the Thirty-sixth Congress, and was a 
member of the Special Committee of 
Thirty-three. Joined the Rebellion in 
1861. 

Davis, Michard D.— He was born 
in New York, graduated at Yale College 



BIOGBAPHICAL BECOBDS. 



109 



in 1818, and was a Kepresentative in Con- 
gress, from Ills native State, from 1841 to 
1845. 

Davis, Roger. — He was a Kepresent- 
ative in Congress, from Pennsylvania, 
from 1811 to 1815. 

Davis, Samuel. — He was born in 
Massaciiusetts, and was a Representative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1813 
to 1815. In 1803, from 1808 to 1812, and 
in 1815 and 1816, lie was a member of tlie 
State Legislature. 

Davis, Samuel J3.— He was born in 
Virginia, and was a Eepreseutative in 
Congress, from Louisiana, from 1853 to 
1855^. 

Davis, Thomas. — He was born in 
Ireland, and Iiaviug emigrated to Rhode 
Island, was elected a Representative in 
Congress, from 1853 to 1855. 

Davis, Thomas T.— He was a Eep- 
lesentative in Congress, from Kentucky, 
from 1797 to 1803, and was appointed in 
that year Judge in the Territory of In- 
diana. 

Davis, Thomas T. — Was born In 
Middlebury, Addison County, Vermont, 
August 22, 1810; graduated at Hamilton 
College, New York, in 1831 ; studied law 
in Syracuse, and was admitted to the bar 
in 1833. As a public man, his time has 
been chiefly devoted to business connect- 
ed with railroads, with various kinds of 
manufacturing, and with the mining of 
coal ; and in 1862 he was elected a Repre- 
sentative, from New York, to the Thii'ty- 
eighth Congress, serving on the Commit- 
tee on the District of Columbia. Re-elected 
to the Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on 
the Committee on Roads and Canals. 

Davis, Timothy. — He was born in 

Newark, New Jersey, in March, 1794 ; re- 
ceived a common-school education; re- 
moved to li^entuckyin 1816, and was there 
admitted to the bar in 1817 ; spent twenty 
years of his life in Missouri ; and, having 
removed to Iowa, was elected a Repre- 
sentative, from that State, to the Thirty- 
fifth Congress, and was a member of the 
Committee on the Post Office and Post 
Eoads. 

Davis, Timothy.— Re was born in 

Gloucester, Massachusetts, April 12, 1821 ; 
was educated at a district school, which 
he did not attend after reaching the age 
of twelve years ; spent two years in a 
printing-office ; lived a number of years 
in Boston as a clerk and as a merchant ; 
in 1854, by an unusually large majority, 
he was elected a Representative in Con- 
gress, from his native district; was re- 
elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, and 



served as a member of the Committee on 
Naval Affai rs. He was appointed by Pres- 
ident Lincoln to a place in the Boston 
Custom House in 1861. 

Davis, Warren JR. — He was born in 
South Carolina ; graduated at the College 
of South Carolina in 1810; adopted the 
profession of law ; came to the bar in 
1814; was appointed Solicitor for South 
Carolina in 1818; and was a Representa- 
tive in Congress, from South Carolina, 
from 1825 to 1835, and died in Washing- 
ton, District of Columbia, January 29, 
1835, aged forty-two years. It was while 
attending his funeral that President Jack- 
son was tired at by a man named Lawrence. 

Davis, William Jf.— Was born in 
Pennsylvania, and elected a Representa- 
tive, from that State, to the Thirty-seventh 
Congress, serving on the Committee on 
the District of Columbia. 

Dawes, Henry £.— Born in Cum- 
mington, Hampshire County, Massachu- 
setts, October 30, 1816. He graduated at 
Yale College in 1839, and adopted the pro- 
fession of law. He taught school for a 
time, and edited a paper called the "Green- 
field Gazette." He was a member of the 
Legislature of Massachusetts, during the 
years 1848, 1849, and 1852; of the State 
Senate in 1850, and also of the State Con- 
stitutional Convention in 1853. He was 
also District Attorney for the Western 
District of his native State, from 1853 
until elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, 
wherein he served as a member of the 
Committee on Revolutionary Claims ; was 
re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, 
serving on the Committee on Elections ; 
re-elected to the Thirty-seventh Con- 
gress, serving as Chairman of the Com- 
mittee on Elections; and was re-elected 
to the Thirty-eighth Congress, serving 
again as Chairman of the Committee on 
Elections. Re-elected to the Thirty-ninth 
Congress, continuing at the head of the 
Committee on Elections, and serving on 
that on Weights and Measures. He was 
also a Delegate to the Philadelphia "Loy- 
alists' Convention" of 1866, and re-elected 
to the Fortieth Congress, serving again at 
the head of the Committee on Elections. 

Dawson, John. — He graduated at 
Harvard University in 1782 ; was a Presi- 
dential Elector in 1793; was elected a 
Representative in Congress, from Vir- 
ginia, from 1797 to 1814 ; served in one of 
the State Conventions of Virginia, and in 
the General Assembly ; was a member of 
the Executive Council of Virginia ; ren- 
dered service in the war of 1813. as Aid to 
the Commanding General, on the Lakes ; 
and was appointed Bearer of Despatches 
to France, in 1801, by President Adams. 
He died in Washington City, March 30, 
1814, aged fifty-two. 



110 



BIOaBAPEICAL BEC0BD8. 



Dawson, John B. — He was born at 
Nashville, Tennessee, in 1800, and was a 
Representative in Congress, from Lou- 
isiana, from ISil to the time of his death, 
which occurred at St. Francis ville, Lou- 
isiana, June 26, 1845. He had repeatedly 
served in the Legislature of Louisiana; 
was a Militia General of the State ; and 
was Judge of the Parish Court in which 
he resided before his election to Con- 
gress. 

Dawson, <JoJin Zi. — He was born in 
Uniontovvn, Fayette County, Pennsylvania, 
February 7, 1813; Avas educated at Wash- 
ington College; adopted the profession of 
law ; was appointed by President Polk, in 
1845, United States Attorney for the West- 
ern District of Pennsylvania; was elected 
a Representative, from Pennsylvania, to 
the Tliirty-second and Thirty-third Con- 
gresses, serving during the last term as 
Chairman of the Committee on Agricul- 
ture; and in 1862 was re-elected to the 
Thirty-eighth Congress, and was a mem- 
ber of the Committee on Foreign Atfairs, 
and also of the Committee on Public 
Lands. He was the author of the Home- 
stead Bill which passed in 1854; and a 
Delegate to the Baltimore Conventions 
of 1844, 1848, and 1860, and of the Cin- 
cinnati Convention of 1856, when, on the 
part of Pennsylvania, he delivered the 
speech acknowledging tlie nomination of 
Mr. Buchanan. He was appointed Gov- 
ernor of Kansas, by President Pierce, in 
1855, but declined the appointment; re- 
elected in 1864, to the Thirty-ninth Con- 
gress, serving on the Committees on 
Rules and Foreign Affairs. 

Dawson, William C— Born in 

Greene County, Georgia, January 4, 1798, 
and died May 5, 1856. He graduated at 
Franklin College in 1816 ;• studied law at 
home and at Litclifleld, Connecticut; and 
having been admitted to the bar, settled 
at Greensborough, in 1818, where he was 
eminently successful as a jury lawyer. 
He was for twelve years Clerk of the 
House of Representatives of Georgia, and 
several times Senator and Representative 
in the Legislature. He was a Representa- 
tive in Congress, from Georgia, from 
1837 to 1842 ; and in 1845 he was appointed 
Judge of the Ockmulgee Circuit; and 
from 1849 to 1855 he was a Senator of the 
United States, where he served on im- 
portant committees, and spoke on many 
questions of national interest, and com- 
manded a wide influence. 

Dawson, William J".— A Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from North Caro- 
lina, from 1793 to 1795. 

Day, Rowland. — He was a mem- 
ber of the New York Assembly in 1816 
and 1817, and was a Representative in 



Congress, from that State, from 1823 to 
1825, and again from 1833 to 1835. 

Day, Timothy C— He was born in 
Ohio, and was elected a Representative, 
from that State, to the Thirty-fourth Con- 
gress. 

Dayan, Charles. — Born at Amster- 
dam, New York, July 16, 1792; until four- 
teen years of age he worked in a mill; at 
that time he began to study, and was suc- 
cessful; taught school for four winters at 
a monthl_y price of two dollars per month ; 
studied law, and was a successful practi- 
tioner for many years. He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from New York, 
from 1831 to 1833; a State Senator in 1827 
and 1828 ; acting Lieutenant-Governor in 
1829 ; and a member of tlie Assembly in 
1835 and 1836. He was also District At- 
torney for Lewis County for five years. 

• Dayton, Elias. — He was an officer 
of the Revolution, and in 17/8 was 
appointed by Congress Colonel of the New 
Jersey Regiment, and at the close of the 
war was promoted to Brigadier-General, 
and held the office of Major-General of 
Militia. He was a delegate to the Con- 
tinental Congress from 1787 to 1788. He 
died at Elizabethtown, July, 1807, aged 
seventy-one. 

Dayton, Jonathan. — A native of 
New Jersey; graduated at Princeton 
College in 1776 ; was a member of the 
Convention', in 1787, which formed the 
Constitution and signed that instrument; 
was a Representative in Congress from 
1791 to 1799; Speaker of the House of 
Repi-esentatives from 1795 to 1797; and 
Avas a Senator of the United States, from 
New .Jersey, from 1799 to 1805. He was 
a distinguished statesman, and died at 
Elizabethtown, Ncav Jersey, October 9, 
1824, aged about sixty^eight years. 

Dayton, William L. — ^ Born in 

Somerset County, Ncav Jersey, February 
17, 1807; graduated at Princeton College 
in 1825 ; Avas a lawyer by profession, hav- 
ing come to the bar in 1830; was a mem- 
ber of the State Senate of Ncav Jersey in 
1837; Avas appointed one of the Justices 
of the Superior Court of the State Feb- 
ruary 28, 1838, and resigned said office in 
1841, and resumed the practice of law; 
was a Senator in Congress from 1842 to 
1851. In March, 1857, was appointed 
Attorney-General of New Jersey, Avhich 
office he held until 1861, when he was 
appointed, by President Lincoln, Minister 
to France. He was also a Regent of the 
Smithsonian Institution. Died in Paris, 
December 2, 1864. 

Dean, Ezra. — He was born in New 
York, and Avas a Representative in Con- 
gress, from Ohio, from 1841 to 1845. 



BIOGBAPHICAL BECOEDS. 



Ill 



Dean, Gilbert.— Was born in Pleas- 
ant Vulley, Duchess County, New York. 
In May, 1837, he entered the Amenia 
SemiiKiry, and in September of the same 
year he went to Yale College, and grad- 
uated in 1841. He studied law in Pine 
Plains, and commenced practice in Pough- 
keepsie in 1844, attaining eminence in his 
prolession ; and was elected a Eepresenta- 
tive in Congress, from New York, from 
1851 to 1853. Was re-elected for a second 
term, but resigned in 1855 to accept the 
office of Judge of the Supreme Court of 
the State. 

Dean, tTosiah. — He was born in 
Baynliam, Massachhsetts, March 16, 
1748; was a Presidential Elector in 1805; 
was a Representative in Congress, from 
Massachusetts, from 1807 to 1809. From 
1804 to 1807 he was a State Senator; and 
in 1810 and 1811 was a member of the 
State Legislature. Died October 14, 
1818. 

Dean, Sidney. — He was born in 
Glastenbury, Hartford County, Connecti- 
cut, November, 16, 1818. He received 
only a common-school education ; entered 
upon active life as a manufacturer; but 
subsequently became a clergyman. He 
served one year in the Legislature of Con- 
necticut, and was elected a Representative 
in Congress, from that State, in 1855, and 
re-elected in 1857 ; officiating during his 
first term as Chairman of the Committee 
on Public Expenditures, and as a member 
of the Committee on the District of 
Columbia. In 1860 he settled in Rhode 
Island as a clergyman. 

Deane, Silas, — A native of Connecti- 
cut; graduated at Yale College in 1758. 
He was a Delegate to the Continental 
Congress from 1774 to 1776, when he was 
appointed a political and commercial agent 
to France, but was recalled by Congress, 
in consequence of certain contracts which 
he made. In 1784 he published an address 
to the citizens of the United States, com- 
plaining of the manner in which he had 
been treated. He went to Europe soon 
after and died in extreme poverty at Deal, 
England, in 1789. His intercepted letters 
to ills brothers and others were published 
in 1782. 

Dearborn, Senry.— Was a native 
of New Harapshii-e, and settled, in the 
practice of Physic, at Portsmouth. He 
was a Captain in Stark's regiment at the 
battle of Bunker Hill; he accompanied 
Arnold in the expedition through the 
wilderness of Maine to Quebec; he was 
captured by the British, and put into close 
confinement; but in May, 1776, was per- 
mitted to return on parole; in March, 
1777, he was exchanged ; he served as a 
Major in the army under Gates at the 
capture of Burgoyne. He distinguished 



himself at the battle of Monmouth by a 
gallant charge on the enemy. Dearburn 
being sent to ask for further orders, 
Washington inquired, bj' way of com- 
mendation, "What troops are those?" 
" Full-blooded Yankees from New Hamp- 
shire, sir," was tlie reply. In 1779 he ac- 
companied Sullivan in his expedition 
against the Indians; in 1780 he was with 
tiie army in New Jersey; in 1781 he was 
at Yorktown, at the surrender of Corn- 
wallis; in 1789 Washington appointed him 
Marshal of the District of Maine. He was 
elected a member of Congress, from 
Massachusetts, from 1703 to 1797. In 
1801 he was appointed Secretary of War, 
and held the office till 1809, when he was 
appointed to the office of Collector of 
Boston. In 1812 he received a commission 
as senior Major-General in the army of 
the United States. In the spring of 1813 
he captured York, in Upper Canada, and 
Fort George, at the mouth of the Ni- 
agara. He was recalled by President 
Madison in July. He was ordered to 
assume the command of the military dis- 
trict of New York City. In 1822 he was 
appointed Minister Plenipotentiary to 
Portugal ; two years after, ho returned to 
America at his own request. He died in 
1829, aged seventy-eight years. 

Dearborn, Henry A. S.—Bovn in 
1783, in Exeter, New Hampshire ; was ed- 
ucated at William and Mary College, 
Virginia, and commenced the study of law 
in Washington, while his fatlier was 
Secretary of War under Jelferson. He 
finished his studies at Salem, Massa- 
chusetts, and commenced to practice in 
that city. He removed to Portland, and 
superintended the erection of the forts in 
the harbor. He was appointed Collector 
of Boston by President Madison (having 
been previously made Deputy Collector by 
his father, when Collector), as an induce- 
ment for his father to accept the command 
of the army, and he held the office until 
removed by General Jackson in 1829. In 
1812 he was Brigadier of Militia, and had 
the command of the troops in Boston 
harbor. In 1821 was a member of the 
Convention for revising the Constitution 
of Massachusetts. In 1829 was a Repre- 
sentative in the Legislature from Roxbury ; 
and the same year chosen Executive Coun- 
cillor, and the following year a State 
Senator. From 1831 to 1833 he was a 
Representative in Congress. He was 
soon appointed Adjutant - General of 
Massachusetts, and continued in that 
office till 1843, when he was removed for 
lending some of the State ayuis during the 
Dorr Rebellion in Rhode Island. In 1847 
was chosen Mayor of Roxbury, which 
office he held until his death. While in 
the Custom-house, in Boston, he wrote 
and published three volumes on the " Com- 
merce of the Black Sea." He also wrote 
a biography of Commodore Baiubridge, 



112 



BIOGItAPHICAL JtECOIiDS. 



and one of his father ; a book on Architec- 
ture, and a Life of Christ. He died in 
Portland, Maine, July 20, 1851. 

Deberry, Edtnund.—HomXvi Mont- 
gomery County, North Carolina, August 
14, 1787. He was educated at the ordi- 
nary schools of the county, and having 
entered public life, in 1806, as a member 
of the State Legislature, he continued to 
serve there, with occasional intermissions, 
until 1828 ; and was a llepresentative in 
Congress, from North Carolina, from 
1829 to 18:il, from 1833 t;o 1845, and again 
from 1849 to 1851. Died in his native 
county in 1859. 

De frees, Joseph II.— He was born 
in Cartilage, White County, Tennessee, 
May 13, 1812; received a good common- 
school education; spent his early days en- 
gaged in tlie printing business, but subse- 
quently turned his attention to merchan- 
dizing in Indiana; in 1836 he was elected 
Sheriff of Elkhart County, and re-elected 
in 1838; in 1849 he was elected to the 
Indiana Legislature; in 1850 to the State 
Senate; and in 1864 he was chosen a Rep- 
resentative, from Indiana, to the Thirty- 
ninth Congress, serving on the Commit- 
tees on Banking and Currency, and Roads 
and Canals. 

DeGraff, John J.— He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from New York, 
from 1827 to 1829, and again from 1837 to 
1839. 

Deitz, William,.— lie was born in 
Schoharie County, New York, and was a 
member of the New York Assembly in 
1814 and 1815; a Representative in Con- 
gress, from that Stale, from 1825 to 1827 ; 
and a State Senator from 1830 to 1833. 

De Jamette, Daniel C— Born in 

Caroline County, Virginia, in 1822 ; re- 
received a liberal education; adopted the 
occupation of a farmer; served many 
years in the Legislature of Virginia; and 
was elected a Representative, from that 
State, to the Thirty-sixth Congress, serv- 
ing on the Committee on Revolutionary 
Claims. Re-elected to the Thirty-seventh 
Congress, serving on the Committee on 
the District of Columbia. " Withdrew in 
1861. 

Delano, diaries.— Bora in Brain- 
tree, Massachusetts, in 1820; graduated 
at Amherst College in 1840; studied law, 
and came to tli^ bar in 1842 ; in 1850 he 
was appointed Treasurer of Hampshire 
County ; and he was elected a Represent- 
ative, from Massachusetts, to the Thirty- 
sixth Congress, serving as a member of 
the Committee on Revolutionary Pen- 
sions. Re-elected to the Thirty-seventh 
Congress. 



Delano, Columbus.— lie was born 
in Shoreham, Vermont, in 1809 ; removed 
to Mount Vernon, Ohio, in 1817; was ad- 
mitted to the bar in 1831, and became 
eminently successful, both as a criminal 
prosecutor and an advocate. In 1844 he 
was elected a Representative, from Ohio, 
to the Twenty-ninth Congress, and served 
on the Committee on Invalid Pensions. 
In 1847 he was a candidate for Governor, 
but lacked two votes of a nomination. 
In 1860 he was a Delegate to the Chicago 
Convention. In 18G1 was appointed Com- 
missary-General of Ohio, and lllled the 
olfice with great success until the general 
government assumed the subsistence of 
all State troops. In 1862 he was a candi- 
date for United States Senator, but again 
lacked two votes of nomination. In 18G3 he 
was elected to the House of Representatives 
of Oliio, and was a prominent member of 
that body, taking a leading part in shap- 
ing the Important legislation of that ses- 
sion. In 1864 he was a member of the 
Baltimore Convention, and Chairman of 
the Ohio Delegation, zealoasy supporting 
President Lincoln and Andrew Johnson. 
He was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth 
Congress, serving as Chairman of the 
Committee on Claims. Having relin- 
quished the practice of his profession, he 
became extensively engaged in agri- 
cultural pursuits and the business of 
banking. He was also a Delegate to the 
Philadelphia " Lo}'alists' Convention " of 
1866 ; and in 1868, having contested the 
seat of G. W. Morgan for the Fortieth 
Congress, he was successful, and became 
a member of the House. 

Delaplaine, Isaac C— He was born 
in New York, and was elected a Repre- 
sentative, from that State, to the Thirty- 
seventh Congress, serving on the Commit- 
tee on Public Buildings and Grounds. 

Dellet, James.— He was a native of 
Ireland, and one of the early graduates 
of the University of South Carolina, hav- 
ing left it in 1810; he adopted the profes- 
sion of law, coming to the bar in 1813; 
was a Commissioner in Equity; removed 
to Alabama in 1818, where he was ap- 
pointed a Judge of the Circuit Court, and 
frequently represented his County in the 
State Legislature, and was a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from Alabama, from 
1839 to 1841, and again from 1843 to 1845. 
He died at Claibourne, December 21, 1848, 
aged sixty years. 

Denting, Benjamin F.—He was 
born at Danville, Vermont; received a 
common-school education ; served a num- 
ber of years as a clerk in a store ; was 
Clerk of the Court in his native County 
for sixteen years; and was elected a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from Vermont, 
for the term from 1833 to 1835, but died 






BIOGRAPHICAL BECORDS. 



113 



at Saratoga Springs, whither he had gone 
for his health, July 11, 183i. 

Denting, Henry C— He was born 
In Connociicut; graduated at Yale Col- 
lege in 1836, and at the Law School of 
Harvard College in 1838 ; he was a mem- 
ber of the Couuecticut Legislature in 
1849 and 1850, and also from 1859 to 
18G1, serving as Spealter during the latter 
year. In 1851 he was a member of the 
State Senate. He subsequently presided 
over the City of Hartford as Mayor for 
six years. In 18G1, as Colonel of the 
Twelfth Regiment of Connecticut Volun- 
teers, he went to New Orleans, and par- 
ticipated in the capture of that city. In 
October, 18G2, he was appointed Mayor 
of New Orleans, which position he held 
until February, 1863, when he resigned 
both that office and his commission iu the 
army, and returned home. Two months 
afterwards he was elected a Representa- 
tive, from Connecticut, to the Thirty- 
eighth Congress, serving on the Commit- 
tee on Military Affairs, and as Chairman 
of the Committee on Expenditures in 
the War Department. Re-elected to the 
Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the 
Committee on the Death of President 
Lincoln, as well as on his former Commit- 
tees; and was one of the Representatives 
appointed to attend the funeral of General 
Scott, in 1866. He was also a Delegate 
to the Philadelphia " Loyalists' Conven- 
tion " of 1866, 

De Mott, John. — He was born in 
New Jersey ; M'as a member of the New 
York Assembly in 1833 ; and a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from that State, from 
1845 to 1847. 

Denison Chatties. — Was born in 
Wyoming Valley, Pennsylvania, January 
23,1818; graduated at Dickinson College 
in 1829; adopted and practised the pro- 
fession of law ; and was elected a Repre- 
sentative, from Pennsylvania, to the Thirtj'- 
eighth Congress, serving on the Commit- 
tee on Indian Affairs. Re-elected to the 
Thirty-Ninth Congress, serving on the 
Committees on Indian Affairs and Expen- 
ditures in the Navy Department. Re- 
elected to the Fortieth Congress, but died 
in Wilkesbarre, June 27, 1867. 

Denning, William.— He was elect- 
ed a Representative, from New York, to 
the Eleventh Congress, but did not qual- 
ify, having resigned. 

Dennis, John. — He was bom in 

Somerset County, Maryland, in 1807; was 
a Representative in Congress, from that 
State, from 1837 to 1841. He was also 
twice elected to the State Legislature, and 
was a member of the Maryland State 
Convention in 1850. He was educated for 
the bar, but relinquished professional life 
8 



for the pursuits of agriculture. Died of 
consumption November 1, 1859. 

Dennis, Littleton J*.— He gradu- 
ated at Yale College in 1803; served 
many years in the Legislature of Mary- 
laud; and was elected a Representative to 
Congress, from Maryland, in 1833; and 
died at Washington, April 14, 1834, ijefore 
the expiration of his term in Congress. 

Dennison, George. — He was born 
in Luzerne County, Pennsylvania, and was 
a Representative in Congress, from that 
State, from 1819 to 1823. He was for 
many years Register and Reconler of 
Luzerne County, and, before as well as 
after his service in Congress, was fre- 
quently returned to the Legislature, and 
died at Wilkesbarre, Pennsylvania, in 
1831, while in office. 

Denny, Arthur A. — He was born in 
Indiana in 1822 ; went with his parents to 
Knox County, Illinois, when fourteen 
years of age ; was for eight years Survey- 
or of Knox County. In 1851 he removed 
to the Pacific coast, and settled at Puget's 
Sound, in what is now called Washington 
I'erritory. He Avas a member of the Ter- 
ritorial Legislature from 1853 to 1861; 
four years Register of the Land Office at 
Olympia; and was elected a Delegate 
from Washington Territory to the Thirty- 
ninth Congress. 

Denny, Hannar.— Born in Pitts- 
burg, Pennsylvania, in 1794; graduated at 
Dicivinson College; was a member of the 
Legislature of his native State, and a 
Representative in Congress from 1829 to 
1837; and a member of the Convention 
Avhich formed the present Constitution of 
Pennsylvania. He died in Pittsburg, Janu- 
ary 29, 1852. 

Denoyelles, Peter. — He was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from New York, 
from 1813 to 1815. 

Dent, George. — He was a Represent- 
ative iu Congress, from Maryland, from 
1793 to 1801, and was appointed in the lat- 
ter year United States Marshal for the Po- 
tomac District. During the third session 
of the Fifth Congress he was elected 
Speaker of the House of Representatives. 

Dent, Williain B. W. — He was born 
in Maryland, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from Georgia, from 1853 to 
1855. 

Denver, JTames W. — Bom in Win- 
chester, Virginia, iu 1818. When quite 
young he emigrated to Ohio with his par- 
ents ; received a good education ; in 1841 
he went to Missouri, where he taught 
school and studied law ; he served in the 
Mexican war as a Captain, under appoint- 



114 



BIOaBAFIIICAL BEC0BD8. 



ment from President Polk; in 1850 he 
went to California, where he was ap- 
pointed a member of a relief committee to 
protect emigrants, and afterwards Secre- 
tary of State of California; he was a Rep- 
resentative, from California, in the Thirty- 
fourth Congress ; by President Buchanan 
he was appointed the Commissioner of 
Indian Afl'airs, which office he resigned to 
accept the appointment of Governor of 
the Territory of Kansas, which position 
he resigned in November, 1858, and was 
reappointed Commissioner of Indian Af- 
fairs. Pi,esigned March, 1859. He was also 
a Delegate" to the Cleveland " Soldiers' 
Convention" of 1866 ; and settled in "Wash- 
ington City as an Attorney-at-Law. 

Desaussure, William F.—B.e was 
born in Charleston, South Carolina, in 
1792; graduated at Harvard University in 
1810; adopted the profession of law, and 
was a Senator in Congress, from his na- 
tive State, from 1852 to 1853. 

Desha, Joseph. — He was born in 
Pennsylvania, December 9, 17G8, and emi- 
grated to Kentucky in 1781 ; in 1794 he 
served as a volunteer in the expedition 
against the Indians, under General Wayne ; 
served for a time in the State Legislature ; 
fought at the battle of the Thames as a 
Major-General; was a Keprcsentative in 
Congress, from Kentucky, from 1807 to 
1819 ; was Governor of Kentucky for four 
years, from 1824 ; and died at Georgetown, 
Kentucky, October 13, 1842. 

Desha, Robert. — He was a promi- 
nent merchant of Mobile, and a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from Tennessee, from 
1827 to 1831. He was the brother of Jo- 
seph Desha. He died February 8, 1849. 

Destrihan, J'ohn Noel. — He was a 

Senator in Congress, from Louisiaria, for a 
part of the year 1812. 

Deivart, Lewis. — He was a native of 
Pennsylvania, and a Representative in Con- 
gress, from that State, from 1831 to 1833. 

Deivart, Williann L.—lle was born 
in Pennsylvania: was a lawyer by profes- 
sion, and was a member of the Thirty-lifth 
Congress, from his native State. He was 
Chairman of the Committee on Unfinished 
Business. 

Dewey, Daniel. — Was a lawyer, 
having studied under Theodore Sedgwick, 
and attained a high rank in his profession. 
He was a member of the Council of the 
State, and a Representative in Congress, 
ftom Massachusetts, in 1813 and 1814, 
when he resigned; was appointed Judge 
of the Supreme Court of Massachusetts 
in 1814. He died June 3, 1815. 

De Witt, Alexander. — Bora in 



Worcester County, Massachusetts, April 
2, 1797; was a Representative in the Mas- 
sachusetts Legislature from 1830 to 1836 ; 
devoted himself to the manufacturing busi- 
ness; was a Bank President; and was a 
Representative in Congress, from Massa- 
chusetts, from 1853 to 1857. He was also 
a State Senator in 1842, 1844, 1850, and 
1851 ; and a member of the Constitutional 
Convention of 1853. 

De Witt, Charles. — He was a Dele- 
gate, from New York, to the Continental 
Congress, from 1783 to 1785. 

De Witt, Charles G. — He was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from New York, 
froui 1820 to 1831, and appointed Charge 
d' Affaires, for Central America, in 1833. 
He died at Newburg, April 13, 1839. 

De Witt, tTacob JEf.— He was born in 

Ulster County, New York, and was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from that State, 
from 1819 to 1821 ; and a member of the 
New Yoi'k Assembly in 1839 and in 1847. 
He died at Kingston, New York, January 
30, 1857, aged seventy-three years. 

De Wolfe, Jaines. — He was a Sena- 
tor of the United States, from Rhode 
Island, from 1821 to 1825, when he re- 
signed, and died in the City of New York, 
December 21, 1837, aged seventy-four 
years. 

Dexter, Samuel. — Was a native of 
Massachusetts, and born in 1761 ; he grad- 
uated at Harvard College in 1781 ; and, 
having studied law at Worcester with Le- 
vi Lincoln, he soon rose to professional 
eminence. He was a member of the House 
of Representatives in Congress, from Mas- 
sachusetts, from 1793 to 1795, and was 
elected to the Senate, serving from 1799 
to 1800. During the administration of 
John Adams he was appointed Secretary 
of War in 1800, and Secretary of the Treas- 
ury in January, 1801 ; and, for a short time, 
also had the charge of the Department of 
State. On the accession of Mr. Jefferson 
to the Presidency he held the office of Sec- 
retary of the Treasury, and not complying 
with an intimation to resign, Mr. Gallatin 
was appointed in his place. In 1812 he 
abandoned the party to which he had al- 
ways been attached, and became a leader 
on the other side, and, as such, was a can- 
didate for Governor of Massachusetts, in 
1815 and 1816, in opposition to Governor 
Brooks. A mission to Spain was offered 
him, by President Madison, in 1815. He 
died May 3, 1816. 

DicJc, eJoZtn.— Was born in Pennsyl- 
vania; was bred a merchant; and vvasa 
member of Congress, from said State, in 
1854 and 1855, and was re-elected to the 
Thirty-fourth and Thirty -fifth Congresses, 



BIOaBAPIIICAL BECOBDS. 



115 



serving as a member of the Committee on 
Accounts. 

DicJc, Samuel.— He was a Delegate 
from New Jersey to the Contiaental Con- 
gress iu 1783 and 178i, 

Dickens, Samuel.— A. Eepresenta- 
tive in Congress, from North Carolina, 
during the years 1816 and 1817. 

Dickerson, Slahlon.—Bovn in Mor- 
ris County, New Jersey, in 1769; gradu- 
ated at Princeton College in 1789; studied 
law, and in early life he resided in Penn- 
sylvania, where he was Recorder of the 
City of Philadelphia, and subsequently 
Quartermaster-General of the State; he 
returned to New Jersey, and was elected 
to the Legislature of that State, lie was 
Judge of the Supreme Court of New Jer- 
sey, and was elected Governor of that 
State iu 1815, and held the office until 181 7, 
when he was chosen United States Sena- 
tor, from New Jersey, and continued in 
that odlce for sixteen years, serving as 
Cliairman of the Committee on Manufac- 
tures, as well as others. In 1831: he became 
Secretary of the Navy, in the cabinet of 
President Jackson, and held that Depart- 
ment until 1838, some two years after the 
accession of President Van Buren. For 
two years he was President of the Ameri- 
can institute. He died in Morris County, 
New Jersey, October 5, 1853. 

Dickerson, JPTiilemon. — A native 
of New Jersey ; was an officer in the Amer- 
ican Revolution, and enjoyed a great repu- 
tation for courage and zeal in the cause of 
liberty. He commanded the Jersey Militia 
at the battle of Monmouth. He was a 
Delegate from Delaware to the Conti- 
nental Congress, from 1782 to 1783; and 
after the organization of the National Gov- 
ernment in its present form, he was ap- 
pointed a Senator in Congress from 1790 
to 1793. Having discharged in a satisfac- 
tory manner the duties of the several civil 
and military stations which he held, he 
enjoyed several years of retirement from 
public life, and died at Trenton in 1809. 

Dickerson, Philemon. — He was the 

brother of Mahlon Dickerson, a native of 
New Jersey, and a Representative in Con- 
gress, from the Paterson District, in that 
State, from 1833 to 1835, and again from 
1839 to 1841. In 1836 he was Governor of 
New Jersey, and was subsequently ap- 
pointed Judge of the United States Dis- 
trict Court for New Jersey. Died at Pat- 
erson, New Jersey, December 10, 1862, 
aged about seventy years. 

Dickey, Jesse C— He was born in 
Pennsylvania, and was a Representative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1849 to 
1851. 



Dickey, John. — He was a member 
of Congress, from Pennsylvania, from 1843 
to 1815, and from 1847 to 1849 ; and at the 
time of his death was United States Mar- 
shal for Western Pennsylvania. He died 
in Beaver County, March 14, 1853. 

Dickinson, Daniel S. — He was born 
in Goshen, Litchfleld County, Connecti- 
cut, September 11, 1800; removed with his 
father to Chenango Count}'-, New York, in 
1806; received a common-school educa- 
tion; and in 1821 he entered upon the du- 
ties of a school-teacher, and, without the 
aid of an instructor, mastered the Latin 
language, and became versed in the higher 
branches of mathematics and other sci- 
ences. He studied law, came to the bar 
iu 1830, and settled in Binghamton, where 
he long practised his profession with suc- 
cess. In 1836 he was elected to the State 
Senate, serving from 1837 to 1840; was 
Judge of the Court of Errors from 1836 to 
184i; from 1842 to 1844 he was President 
of said Court, Lieutenant-Governor, and 
also President of the Senate ; Avas a Re- 
gent of the University of New York in 
1843; was a member of the Convention 
which nominated J. K. Polk for President, 
and a Presidential Elector in 1844 ; and he 
was a Senator in Congress, from New 
York, from 1844 to 1851, serving on im- 
portant committees, originating and ably 
supporting several important measures. 
In 1861 he was elected Attorney-General 
of the State of New York; was a Delegate 
to the "Baltimore Convention" of 1864; 
and in 1865 he was appointed by President 
Lincoln United States District Attorney 
for the Southern District of New York; 
and died suddenly in that city, April 12, 
1866. Before accepting his last public po- 
sition he declined several appointments 
tendered to him by the President of the 
United States and the Governor of New 
York. His " Life and Works " were pub- 
lished in 1867, in two volumes. 

Dickinson, David W. — He was a 

Representative iu Congress, from Tennes- 
see, from 1833 to 1835, and again from 
1843 to 1845, and died at Franklin, Ten- 
nessee, April 27, of the latter year. 

Dickinson, Edward. — He was 

born in Massachusetts; adopted the pro- 
fession of law; was a member of the 
Massachusetts Legislature in 1838 and 
1839; a State Senator in 1842 and 1843; 
a State Councillor in 1845 and 1846; and. 
a Representative in Congress, from Mas- 
sachusetts, from 1853 to 1855. He was a 
graduate of Amherst College, and a law- 
yer by profession. 

Dickinson, John.— Trie studied law 
in Philadelphia, and spent three years at 
the Temple in London. On his return to 
America he commenced to practise in 
Philadelphia. In 1764 he was a member 



116 



BIOGBAFHICAL BEC0BD8. 



of the Assembly, and in 1765 of the Gen- 
eral Congress. He was a Delegate to the 
Continental Congress, from 1774 to 1776, 
and opposed the Declaration of Inde- 
pendence, fearing the strength of the 
country insufficient to take so important 
a stand, but was the only member of Con- 
gress to face the enemy a few days after 
the publication of the Declaration. From 
1776 to 1777 he was a Delegate to Con- 
gress from Delaware, and again from 
1779 to 1780, and signed the Articles of 
Confederation, as well as the Constitu- 
tion. In 1781 he was President of that 
State. In 1782 he was chosen President 
of Pennsylvania, and filled that oflice till 
1785. In 1767 he began to publish his 
letters against taxation, and wrote the 
greater portion of the State papers of the 
First Congress. His collected writings 
-were published in 1801. He died in 1808, 
aged seventy-five. 

DicMnson, John J).— He was born 
in Middlesex County, Connecticut, in 
1767 ; graduated at Yale College, in 1785 ; 
and was a member of Congress, from 
New York, from 1819 to 1823, and, again 
from 1827 to 1831 ; and died at Troy, Jan- 
uary 28, 1841. 

Dickinson, JRudolphus.—He was 

born in Massachusetts, and, having re- 
moved to Ohio, was elected a Eepresenta- 
tive in Congress, from that State, from 
1847 to 1849. Died in August, 1849. 

DicTcson, David.— He wns amember 
of Congress, from Mississippi, in 1835 
and 1836, and died at Little Rock, Arkan- 
sas, July 31, 1836. 

DicTcson, J'ohn. — He graduated at 
Middlebury College in 1808 ; was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from New York, 
from 1831 to 1835, and died at West 
Bloomfleld, New York, February 22, 1852. 

Dichson, Samuel. — He was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from New York, 
during the Thirty -fourth Congress. He 
died at his residence, in New Scotland, 
New York, May 3, 1858, in consequence 
of spinal injuries received while in the 
faithful discharge of his public duties at 
Washington. He had been bred a physi- 
cian, and was universally respected. 

DicTcson, William.— Tie was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from Tennessee, 
from 1801 to 1807. 

DilUngTiam,, Faul, Jr.— Re was 

born in Shutesbury, Franklin County, 
Massachusetts, August, 1800; removed 
to Waterbury, Vermont, with his father, 
in 1805 ; received a good education ; 
adopted the profession of law ; and was 
admitted to practice in Washington 
County, in 1824. He was Town Clerk of 



Waterbury, from 1829 to 1844, and Jus- 
tice of the Peace eighteen years. He was 
State's Attorney, for Washington County, 
from 1835 to 1838 ; and was a member of 
the Constitutional Convention in la36 and 
1837. He was a Representative to the 
General Assembly six years, and State 
Senator in 1841 and 1842 ; and elected a 
Representative in Congress from 1843 to. 
1847, and was a member of the Committee 
on the Judiciary. He has since that time 
devoted himself to the practice of his pro- 
fession; and was elected Governor of 
Vermont for the year 1866. 

DimmicTc, Milo M. — He was bom 

in Pennsylvania, and was a Representa- 
tive in Congress from that State, from 
1849 to 1853. 

DitnmicTc, Williatn JEC. — He was 

born in Milford, Pike County, Pennsylva- 
nia, December 20, 1815; he received an 
academical education, and adopted the 
profession of law. He was Prosecuting 
Attorney, for the Commonwealth of Penn- 
sylvania, for Wayne County, in 1836 and 
1837 ; was a member of the State Senate 
in 1845, 1846, and 1847; and was elected 
a Representative, from Pennsylvania, in 
the Thirty-fifth Congress, officiating as 
Chairman of the Joint Committee on the 
Library. He was also re-elected to the 
Thirty-sixth Congress, serving on the 
Committee on Printing. Died at Hones- 
dale, Pennsylvania, August 2, 1861. 

DimocTc, Davis, Jr. — He was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from Pennsylva- 
nia, from 1841 to 1842. Died January 13, 
1842. 

Dinsmoor, Samuel. — He was born 
at Londonderry, New Hampshire, in 1766 ; 
graduated at Dartmouth College in 1789; 
was for many years a Major-General of 
Militia; a Presidential Elector in 1821; 
and a Representative in Congress, from 
New Hampshire, from 1811 to 1813; a 
Judge of Pi'obate; and served as Gov- 
ernor of his native State during the years 
1831, 1832, and 1833. He died at Keene, 
March 15, 1835. 

Disney, David T.— He was a native 
of Baltimore, Maryland, and removed to 
Cincinnati, Ohio, in 1820. He was fre- 
quently a member of both branches of the 
State Legislature of Ohio, and three times 
elected Speaker. He represented his 
adopted State in Congress, from 1849 to 
1855. He died in Washington, March 14, 
1857, aged fifty-four years. 

Diven, Alexander S. — He was 

born at the head of Seneca Lake, town 
of Catharine, and County of Tioga, New 
York, February 15, 1809; received an 
academical education; studied law and 
adopted that profession; was a Senator 



I 



BIOGBAPniCAL BEC0BD8. 



117 



in the New York Legislature, in 1858; 
and was elected a Ilepreseutative from 
New York, to the Thirty-seventh Con- 
gress, serving as a member of the Com- 
mittee on the Judiciary. 

Dlx, John A. — Born in Boscawen, 
New Hampshire, July 21:, 1798. He com- 
menced his education by attending the 
academies at Salisbury and Exeter; spent 
one year in a French College at Montreal ; 
and, in 1812, was appointed a cadet in the 
army, but, instead of going to West Point, 
preferred to join the army on the frontier 
as an Ensign; and in 1813 he was acting- 
Adjutant of an independent batrali>)u. in 

1819 he was Aide-de-camp to Major-Gen- 
eral Brown, but devoted his leisure to the 
study of law; from that time until 1828, 
he visited Cuba and travelled in Europe 
for his health, when he settled at Coop- 
erstown as a lawyer. In 1831 he was Ad- 
jutant-General under Governor Tliroop; 
in 1833 he was appointed Secretary of 
State of New York, and was a llegent of 
the State University; in 1841 he was 
elected to the Assembly, from Albany; 
and after making another visit abroad, 
was elected to the United States Senate, 
■where he seiwed from 1845 to 1849. In 

1820 he received from Brown University 
the Degree of Master of Arts, and in 
1845, from Geneva College, the Degree 
of Doctor of Laws. In 1852 he published 
a book entitled, "A Winter in Madeira." 
In 18G0 he was appointed by President 
Buchanan, Postmaster of New York; and 
in Januarj', 1861, was appointed by Mr. 
Buchanan, Secretary of the Treasnrv. 
He served in 1861 and 1862 as a Major- 
General of Volunteers, and was appointed 
to the same position i;i the regular army. 
On the organization of the Pacitic Rail- 
road Company he was elected its Presi- 
dent. In 1806 he was a Delegate 
to the "National Union Convention," 
held in Philadelphia; was appointed by 
President Johnson, Minister to the Neth- 
erlands, but declined; a few weeks later, 
was appointed Naval Officer for the port 
of New York, from which position he was 
soon transferred to France as Minister 
Plenipotentiary. 

Dixon, Archibald. — Was born in 
Caswell County, North Carolina, April 2, 
1802. and removed with his father to 
Henderson County, Kentucky, in 18('5. 
He received only a plain English educa- 
tion at the county schools, but made 
good use of his advantages, and at the 
age of twenty entered upon the study of 
law, and acquired considerable reputation 
as a lawyer. In 1830 he was a Repre- 
sentative in the Legislature, and in 1836 
in the State Senate, and again in the 
Lower House in 1841. In 1843 was elect- 
ed Lieutenant-Governor of Kentucky. In 
1849 was a member of the Constitutional 
Couveution for reforming State laws, and 



was a member of the United States Sen- 
ate, from 1852 to 1855, being elected to 
till the vacancy occasioned by the resigna- 
tion of his friend, Henry Clay. 

Dixon, tTaines.—Ue was born in 
Enileld, Connecticut, August 5, 1814; 
graduated at Williams College, Massachu- 
setts, in 1834; adopted the profession of 
law; was a member of the House in the 
Legislature of Connecticut in 1837, 1838, 
and 1844, and of the State Senate in 1849 
and 1854; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Connecticut from 1845 to 1849; 
was elected a Senator in Congress for six 
years from 1857; was re-elected in 1863 
for the term ending in 1869; serving on 
the Committee on Manufactures and va- 
rious other committees, and as Chairman 
of the Committee on Contingent Ex- 
penses of the Senate, of the Committee 
on the District of Columbia, and of the 
Committee on the Post Office and Post 
Roads. He was also a member of the 
National Committee appointed to accom- 
pany the remains of President Lincoln to 
Illinois. He was also a Delegate to the 
Philadelphia " National Union Conven- 
tion" of 1866. 

Dixon, Joseph Henri/. — A Repre- 
sentative in Congress from North Caro- 
lina, from 1799 to 1801. 

Dixon, Nathan J'.— Born at Plain- 
field, Connecticut, in 1774; graduated at 
Brown University in 1799; studied law, 
and established himself in Rhode Island, 
in 1802, to practise his profession. In 
1813 he was elected a member of the Gen- 
eral Assembly of that State, and contin- 
ued to serve in that capacity for seventeen 
years. From 1839 to 1842 he was a Sena- 
tor of the United States. He died at 
Washington, District of Columbia, Janu- 
ary 29, 1842. His son, bearing the same 
name, was also in Congress. 

Dixon, Natlian F. — Born in West- 
erly, Rhode Island, May 1, 1812; fitted for 
College at Plainfleld Academy, in Connect- 
icut, and graduated at Brown University 
in 1833. He attended the Law Schools at 
New Haven and Cambridge, and was ad- 
mitted to the bar in New London in 1837, 
and engaged in the practice of his profes- 
sion in Connecticut and Rhode Island. 
He was a member of the General Assem- 
bly of Rhode Island from 1840 to 1849 ; 
was a Presidential Elector in 1844 ; and 
was elected a Representative, from Rhode 
Island, to the Thirty-first Congress. He 
was again elected to the General Assem- 
bly of his State in 1851, and, with the ex- 
ception of two years, held the office until 
1859. In 1863 he was re-elected to the 
Thirty-eighth Congress, serving as a 
member of the Committee on Commerce; 
and was also re-elected to the Thirty -ninth 
Congress. His father bearing the same 



118 



BIOQBAFEICAL BECOBBS. 



name was a Senator in Congress. In the 
Thirty-ninth Cons^ress he served on the 
Committees on Commerce and Expendi- 
tures on the Public Buildings. He was 
also a Delegate to the Philadelphia " Loy- 
alists' Convention " of 1866, and was re- 
elected to the Fortieth Congress. 

Doane, Williatn. — He was born in 
Maine, and, having removed to Ohio, was 
elected a Representative in Congress, 
from that State, from 1839 to 1843. 

Dobbin, James C— He was born in 
1814; graduated at the University of 
North Carolina in 1832. He was a lawyer 
by profession, and was elected a Ilepre- 
sentative in Congress, from his native 
State, in 1845, and declined a re-election. 
He served in the State Legislature in 1848 
and 1850, and during the last session offi- 
ciated as Speaker; and in 1852 was a 
Presidential Elector. His eloquence at 
the bar and in the legislative hall is said 
to have been of the most winning charac- 
ter, and his urbane manners and amiable 
disposition made him a general favorite. 
He was Secretary of the Navy during the 
whole of President Pierce's administra- 
tion, and he died at Fayetteville, North 
Carolina, August 4, 1857. 

DocJcery , A-. — He was a native of 
North Carolina, and a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1845 to 
1847, and again from 1851 to 1853. 

Dodd, Edward. — Born in Salem, 
Washington County, New York, in 1805 ; 
was bred a merchant; chosen County 
Clerk of the County of Washington for 
three terms of three years each, com- 
mencing January 1, 1835 ; was a member 
of the Constitutional Convention of New 
York in 1846; and a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, in 1855, serv- 
ing on the Committee on the District of 
Columbia. 

Doddridge, JPhilip. — He was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from Virginia, in 
1829, and continued in that position until 
his death, which occurred in Washington 
November 19, 1832. He was a distin- 
guished lawyer, and commanded great in- 
fluence in Congress. He was about sixty 
years of age. 

Dodge, Augustus C, — He was born 
in St. Genevieve, Missouri, January 2, 1812, 
and was a Delegate to Congress, from the 
Territory of Iowa, from 1841 to 1847 ; a 
Presidential Elector for the State of Iowa, 
in 1848; a Senator in Congress, from 
the State of Iowa, from 1848 to 1855; 
after which he received, from President 
Pierce, the appointment of Minister to 
Spain, which he resigned. He was a Del- 
egate also to the Chicago Convention of 
1864, and also to the Philadelphia "Na- 



tional Union Convention " of 1866. Pronix 
1838 to 1841 he also held the office of Reg- 
ister of the Land Office at Burlington, 
Iowa. 

Dodge, Grenville M".— He was born 
in Danvers, Massachusetts, April 12, 1831 ; 
graduated at the Norwich University of 
Vermont in 1850; adopted the profession 
of civil engineer, and was employed on 
several important railroads in the West, 
and became Chief Engineer of the Union 
Pacific Railroad; in 1861 he entered the 
military service as Captain ; raised the 
Fourth Regiment of Iowa Infantry, and 
was made Colonel; in 1862 he was ap- 
pointed Brigadier-General for services at 
Pea Ridge ; after various services in Mid- 
dle Tennessee, at Vicksburg, and Corinth, 
he took an active part in the Atlantic cam- 
paign, and was promoted to be a Major- 
General on the recommendations of Gen- 
erals Grant, Sherman, and McPherson, 
and was subsequently in command of the 
Departments of Wisconsin, Kansas, and 
the Plains, and soon after, resigning his 
commission in the army, he was elected a 
Representative, from Iowa, to the I ortieth 
Congress, serving on the Committees on 
Military Affairs and Roads and Canals. 

Dodge, Henry, — He was born in 
Vincenues, Indiana, October 12, 1782, and 
removed to Wisconsin ; served, with great 
credit, as an officer of volunteers, on the 
north-western frontiers, and was Briga- 
dier-General of Missouri troops in 1812. 
He distinguished himself especially in the 
Black Hawk Avar, and, as an Indian fighter, 
was thought to have no superior. When 
the First Regiment of Dragoons was raised 
in 1833, he was appointed Colonel, which 
office he resigned in 1836, when he was 
appointed Governor of Wisconsin Terri- 
tory and Superintendent of Indian Affairs, 
serving as such from 1836 to 1841 and from 
1845 to 1848. He was a Delegate to Con- 
gress, from Wisconsin, from 1841 to 1845, 
and a Senator in Congress, from the State 
of Wisconsin, from 1848 to 1857. Died 
at Burlington, Iowa, in June, I867. He 
was the father of Augustus C. Dodge. 

Dodge, William E. — He was born in 
Hartford, Connecticut, September 4, 1805 ; 
received a good common-school educa- 
tion ; in his thirteenth year he removed to 
New York and entered a counting-house 
as clerk; and on reaching the age of 
twenty-one he commenced business on his 
own account, and was for forty years at 
the head of one of the most extensive im- 
porting and manufacturing establishments 
in the country. He was prominently con- 
nected with many of the public improve- 
ments of the day; was a member of the 
"Peace Convention" of 1861; devoted 
much time and money to the support of the 
Government during the Rebellion; was 
for many years President of the National 



BIOaBAFIIICAL BECOBDS. 



119 



Temperance Society; active iu tlie vari- 
ous religions and benevolent operations 
of New York ; and was elected a Repre- 
sentative, from New York, to the Thirty- 
ninth Congress, having successfully con- 
tested the seat of James Brooks; serving 
on the Committee on Foreign Affairs. 
He was also a Delegate to the Philadelphia 
"Loyalists Convention" of 1866. 

Doe, Nicholas B, — Born in New 
York, and elected a Representative, from 
that State, to the Twenty-sixth Congress, 
iu place of A. Brown, deceased. 

JDoig, Andrew W, — He was born in 

Washington County, New York, and was 
a Representative in Congress, from that 
State, from 1839 to 1813, having previ- 
ously served one year, 1832, in the State 
Assembly. He was many years a teacher 
arid surveyor, a County Clerk for one 
year, and held the office of Surrogate from 
1835 to 1840. He went to California in 
1849, but subsequently returned to his na- 
tive county. 

Donnell, Richard S.—Re was born 
in North Carolina, and was a Representi^- 
tive in Congress, from that State, from 
1847 to 1849. In 1863 he published a Let- 
ter on the Rebellion, whicii attracted great 
attention. 

Donnell]/, Ignatius.— Tie was born 
in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, November 
3, 1831; graduated at the Central High 
School in that city; studied law, and was 
admitted to the bar in 1853 ; emigrated to 
Minnesota iu 1857 ; was elected Lieutenant- 
Governor of that State in 1859 ; re-elected 
in 1861, and in 1862 was elected a Repre- 
sentative, from Minnesota, to the Thirty- 
eighth Congress, and served on the Com- 
mittees on the Post Office and Post Roads 
and Expenditures in the Interior Depart- 
ment, and also on the Special Committee 
on the Pacific Railroad ; re-elected to the 
Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the 
Committees on the Pacific Railroad and the 
Public Lands, and also on that on a Bureau 
of Education. Re-elected to the Fortieth 
Congress. 

Doolittle, James U. — Born in Hamp- 
ton, Washington County, New York, Jan- 
uary 3, 1815 ; graduated at Geneva College 
in 1834 ; adopted the profession of law, 
and was admitted to the Supreme Court 
of New York in 1837. He was District 
Attorney for several years of Wyoming 
County, New York; removed to Wiscon- 
sin in 1851; was chosen Judge of the 
First Judicial Circuit of that State in 
1853, but resigned in 1856. He was 
elected a Senator of the United States in 
1857, for six years, serving as Chairman 
of the Committee on Indian Affairs, and 
as a member of the Committees on Foreign 
Affairs, Commerce, and Military Affairs. 



He was also a member of the Peace Con- 
gress of 1861. In 1863 he was re-elected 
to the Senate for the term ending in 1869. 
During the summer recess of ISGo, as a 
member of a Special Committee of the 
Senate, he visited the Indian tribes west 
of the Mississippi River. He was also a 
Delegate to the Philadelphia "National 
Union Convention " of 1866, taking au 
active part in its proceedings. 

Dorscy, Clement. — He was born in 
Anne Arundel County, Maryland, and was 
a Representative in Congress, from Mary- 
laud, from 1825 to 1831. Died August 6, 
1846. 

Doty, James D. — He was born in 
New York; was a Delegate to Congress, 
from the Tei'ritory of Wisconsin, from 
1839 to 1841, and a Representative iu Con- 
gress, from the State of Wisconsin, from 
1849 to 1853. He was also, for many 
years. United States Judge for Northern 
Michigan; also Superintendent of Indian 
Affairs; and from 1841 to 1844 Governor 
of Wisconsin. In 1864 he was appointed, 
by President Lincoln, Governor of Utah, 
of which Territory he had previously been 
Treasurer; and died in 1865. 

Doubledaj/, Ulysses F. — He was 

born iu New York, and was a Representa- 
tive iu Congress, from that State, from 
1831 to 1833, and again from 1835 to 1837. 

Douglas, Stephen ^.— Was born at 
Brandon, Rutland County, Vermont, April 
23, 1813. He lost his father while an in- 
fant, and his mother being left in destitute 
circumstances, he entered a cabinet shop at 
Middlebury, in his native State, for the pur- 
pose of learning the trade. Aftpr remain- 
ing there for several mouths, he returned 
to Brandon, where he continued for a year 
at the same calling, but his health obliged 
him to abandon it, and he became a stu- 
dent in the academy. His mother having 
married a second time, he followed her to 
Canandaigna, in the State of New York. 
Here he pursued the study of the law until 
his removal to Cleveland, Ohio, in 1831. 
From Cleveland he went still further West, 
and Anally settled in Jacksonville, Illinois. 
He was at first employed as clerk to au 
auctioneer, and afterwards kept school, 
devoting all the time he could spare to the 
study of the law. In 1834 he was admitted 
to the bar, soon obtained a lucrative prac- 
tice, and was elected Attorne^'-Gcneral of 
the State. In 1837 he was appointed, by 
President Van Buren, Register of the Land 
Office, at Springfield, Illinois. He after- 
wards practised his profession, and, in 
1840, was elected Secretary of State, and 
the following year Judge of the Supreme 
Court, This office he resigned, alter sit- 
ting upon the bench for two years, incon- 
sequence of ill health. In 1843 he was 
elected to Congress, and continued a mem- 



120 



BIOGBATHICAL BECOBDS. 



berof the lower house for four years. In 
December, 1847, he was elected to the 
United States Senate for the term ending 
in 1863 ; was re-elected for the term end- 
ing 1859 ; and re-elected for another term, 
but died in Chicago, June 3, 1861. He was 
Chairman, among others, of the Committee 
on Territories. In 1860 he was the candi- 
date of his own party for the office of Pres- 
ident, but was defeated. 

Dowdell, tTanies 1^.— Born in Jasper 
County, Georgia, November 26, 1818; 
graduated at liandolph Macon College in 
1840, and was a lawyer by profession ; he 
removed to Alabama in 1846, and took 
charge of a female college for one year, 
and afterwards engaged in farming and 
planting. In 1848 he was a Presidential 
Elector. He was a Kepresentative, from 
Alabama, in the Thirty-third, Thirty- 
fourth, and Thirty-lifch Congresses, and 
was a member of the Committee on Ways 
and Means, and also that of Inquiry into 
the Cost of Public Printing and Laws re- 
lating thereto. 

Downing, Charles.— He was born 
in Virginia, and was a Delegate to Con- 
gress, from the Territory of Florida, from 
1837 to 1841. Died October 24, 1841. 

Downs, Solomon W,— He was born 
in Tennessee, in 1801 ; graduated at the 
Transylvania University; studied law 
and came to the bar in 1825; settled in 
Louisiana; was United States District At- 
torney from 1845 to 1847 ; a Presidential 
Elector in 1844 ; Collector of the Port of 
New Orleans ; and from 1847 to 1853 a 
Senator in Congress from Louisiana. He 
died at Orchard Springs, Kentucky, Au- 
gust 14, 1^54. 

Doivse, Edward. — He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Massachu- 
setts, from 1819 to 1821, and having re- 
signed, W. Eustis was elected in his 
place. 

Dowse, William. — He was elected a 

Representative from New York, to the 
Thirteenth Congress, but died before tak- 
ing his seat. Died February 18, 1813. 

Dralce, Charles C. — He was born In 

Cincinnati, Ohio, April 11, 1811; received 
an academical education; in 1827 he en- 
tered the navy as a midshipman, and re- 
mained in it until 1830; he then pro- 
ceeded to study law and was admitted to 
the bar in 1833 ; in 1834 he removed to St. 
Louis, where he practised his profession ; 
in 1859 he was elected to the Missouri 
Legislature; in 1861 and 1862 he took an 
active and conspicuous part against the 
secession movement; in 1863 he was 
elected to the Missouri State Convention; 
was a Presidential Elector in 1864; in 
1865 he was a member and Vice-President 



of the Convention that formed the pres- 
ent constitution of Missouri; and in Jan- 
uary, 1867, he was elected a Senator in 
Congress from Missouri for the terra end- 
ing in 1873, serving on the Committees on 
Naval Affairs, Pacitic Railroad, Contingent 
Expenses, and Ordnance. 

DraUe, John JR. — He was one of the 

earliest settlers in Tioga County, New 
York; was a Representative in Congress, 
from that State, from 1817 to 1819; was 
elected Judge of Tioga County in 1833 ; 
and was a member of the New York As- 
sembly in 1834. He was in ill health for 
eight years before his death, which oc- 
curred at Oswego, March 21, 1857, in the 
seventy-fourth year of his age. 

Draper, Joseph. — He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Virginia, from 
1830 to 1831, and again from 1832 to 1833. 

Drayton, William.— 'Born in St. 

Augustine, Florida, December 30, 1776; 
went to school in England, and on return- 
ing to South Carolina was for a time 
Assistant Clerk in a Court of Sessions ; 
studied law, and came to the bar in 1797 ; 
was a Captain in the South Carolina Mili- 
tia; in 1812 was commissioned a Colonel 
in the United States Army, and Inspector- 
General in 1814; assisted Generals Scott 
and Macomb in preparing a System of In- 
fantry Tactics for the army ; was elected 
Recorder of Charleston in 1819; was a 
Representative in Congress, from South 
Carolina, from 1825 to 1833 ; and was 
chosen President of the United States 
Bank in 1840. Died in Philadelphia, May 
24, 1846. 

Drayton, Williain JSenry.—'H.e 

was born in South Carolina; was educated 
at Westminster and Oxford, England; in 
1771 was appointed a Judge; was Presi- 
dent of the Provincial Congress; was 
made Chief Justice in 1776; he was a 
warm advocate of freedom, and published 
various pamphlets which strengthened 
the American cause; he was a leading 
member of the South Carolina Assembly; 
was a Delegate to the Continental Con- 
gress from 1778 to 1779, and was a signer 
of the Articles of Confederation. He was 
the author of a " History of the Revolu- 
tion," which was published in three vol- 
umes, by his son, in 1821. 

Drlggs, John F. — Was born in 
Kinderhook, New York, March 3, 1813; 
was apprenticed to a mechanical business 
connected with building in New York City, 
and was a master-mechanic until 1856 ; in 
1844 he was appointed Superintendent of 
the New York Penitentiary, holding the 
office one year ; settled in East Saginaw, 
Michigan, in 1856; was President of that 
village in 1858; during the two following 
years he was a member of the Michigan 



BIOGBAPHICAL BEOOBDS. 



121 



Legislature ; and in 1862 he was elected a 
Representative, from Michigan, to the 
Thirty-eighth Congress, and was a mem- 
ber of the Committee on the Public Lands. 
Re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, 
serving on the Committees on Invalid 
Pensions, Mines and Mining, and Public 
Lands. He was also a Delegate to the 
Philadelphia "Loyalists' Convention" of 
1866, and re-elected to the Portieth Con- 
gress. 

Drum, Augustus. — He was born in 
Pennsylvania, and was a Representative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1853 to 
1855. 

Dromgoole, Oeorge C — He was 

born in Virginia; educated a lawyer; and 
was a Representative in Congress, from 
Virginia, from 1835 to 1841, and also from 
1843 to 1847 ; and died April 27, 1847. He 
entered public life when young ; served for 
years in the two houses of the State Leg- 
islature, and was President of the Senate ; 
and was a member of the second Constitu- 
tional Convention of Virginia. 

Duane, tTames. — A lawyer by pro- 
fession ; was a Delegate, from New York, 
to the Continental CongTess, from 1774 to 
1784, and signed the Articles of Confeder- 
ation. He was appointed Judge of the Dis- 
trict Court of New York in 1789 ; and was 
first Mayor of New York, after its recovery 
from the British. Died in 1797. 

Dudley, Charles JE.—E.Q was born 
in Rhode Island, but early settled in Al- 
bany, New York. He was a merchant by 
occupation, and attained great wealth. He 
was at one time Mayor of Albany, served 
in the New York Legislature from 1820 to 
1825, and was a Senator in Congress, from 
that State, from 1828 to 1833. Died at 
Albany, January 23, 1841. His widow 
founded an astronomical observatory at 
Albany, to which she gave the name of 
her husband. 

Dudley, Edward S.— He was a 

Representative in Congress, from North 
Carolina, from 1829 to"l831 ; and in 1836 
was elected the first Governor of North 
Carolina under the amended Constitution 
of that State. He was subseque4itly ap- 
pointed President of the Wilmington and 
Raleigh Railroad Company, and died at 
Wilmington, North Carolina, in Novem- 
ber, 1855. 

Duell, JR. Holland.— '^om in War- 
ren, Herkimer County, New York, Decem'- 
ber 20, 1823 ; received an academic educa- 
tion ; studied law and was admitted to tlie 
bar in 1845; in 1850 he was elected Dis- 
trict Attorney for Cortland County, and 
held the office six years; in 1856 he was 
elected County Judge for said county ; and 
in 1858 he was elected a Representative, 



from New York, to the Thirty-sixth Con- 
gress, serving as a member of the Com- 
mittee on Revolutionary Claims. Re- 
elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress, 
serving as Chairman of the Committee on 
Revolutionary Pensions. 

Duer, William,.— Hq was a Delegate 
from New York to the Continental Con- 
gress, in 1777 and 1778, and his son, bear- 
ing the same name, was a Representative 
in the Federal Congress. He was one of 
the signers of the Articles of Confederation. 

Duer, William.— 'Born in the City 
of New York, May 25, 1805. He gradu- 
ated at Columbia College in 1824; studied 
law, and in 1828 removed to Oswego, soon 
after returning to New York; he subse- 
quently removed to New Orleans, and 
again returned to Oswego; he served in 
the Legislature of New York on two occa- 
sions ; was District Attorney for Oswego 
County, and a Representative in Congress, 
from New York, from 1847 to 1851. 

Dumont, Ebenezer. — Born in Ve- 
vay, Switzerland County, Territory of In- 
diana, November 23, 1814; attended the 
Indiana University at Bloomiugton, but 
did not graduate ; adopted the profession 
of law; was a member of the State Legis- 
lature in 1838; from 1839 to 1845 was 
Treasurer of his county; served in the 
war with Mexico as a Lieutenant-Colonel, 
and was in several battles ; was a Presi- 
dential Elector in 1852; in 1850 and 1853 
he was again elected to the Legislature; 
was President for nine years of the State 
Bank of Indiana. When the Rebellion broke 
out, he was appointed Colonel of the 
Seventh Indiana Volunteers, and was at 
the battle of Philippi, in West Virginia; 
was subsequently in charge of a brigade at 
Murfreesboro', and, after the battle at that 
place, was assigned to the command of 
the troops at Nashville; from that place 
he led an expedition against John Morgan, 
taking nearly his whole command ; and 
in 18(32, while yet in the field, he was 
elected a Representative, from Indiana, to 
the Thirty-eighth Congress, serving on the 
Committees on the District of Columbia 
and on Revolutionary Pensions. Re- 
elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, 
serving as Chairman of the Committee 
on Expenditures in the Interior Depart- 
ment. 

Dunbar, William.— He was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from Louisiana, 
from 1853 to 1855. 

Duncan, Alexander. — He was a 

member of the House of Representatives 
in Congress, from Ohio, from 1837 to 1841, 
and from 1843 to 1845. He died in Cin- 
cinnati, Ohio, March 2, 1852. 

Duncan, Daniel. — Born in the town 



122 



bioob'apiiical becords. 



of Shippensburg, Cumberland County, 
Pennsylvania, July 22, 180G, and died in 
Washington, Jane 18, 1849. He was bred 
a mercliant, and in 1843 was elected to the 
Legislature of Ohio, from Licking Coun- 
ty. He was a Representative in Congress 
from 1847 to 184D, and more a man of ac- 
tion than of words. 

Duncan, Gamett.—He was born in 
Kentucliy, and was a llepreseutative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1847 to 
1849. 

Duncan, tTaines H.—He was born 
in Haverhill, Massaciiusetts, December 5, 
1793; adopted the profession of law; 
served four years in the State Legislature ; 
was a State Senator from 1828 to 1831 ; 
State Councillor in 1840 and 1841; and 
was a Representative in Congress, from 
his native State, from 1849 to 1853. 

Duncan, tToseph. — He served in the 
army with credit during the last war with 
England ; held various offices of distinc- 
tion and trust; was Governor of Illinois 
from 1834 to 1838, and a Representative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1827 to 
1835. He died at Jacksonville, Illinois, 
January 15, 1844. 

DunJiam, Cyrus L.—lle was a na- 
tive of New York State. As a farmer's 
boy, he worked during the summer 
months to obtain means for his education 
during the winter; after acquiring the ru- 
diments, he tilled the humblest position 
on board a fishing-craft from one of the 
seaports of Massachusetts to Newfound- 
land, and, after completing his studies, he 
removed to Salem, Indiana, taught school 
and studied law, and was admitted to the 
bar. He was elected to the Legislature 
of Indiana in 1846 and 1847, and was a 
Representative in Congress, from that 
State, from 1849 to 1855. Served again in 
the Legislature at a subsequent period. 

Dunlap, George TF.— He was born 
in Fayette County, Kentucky, February 
22, IsiS; graduated at Transylvania Uni- 
versity, Lexington; studied law and 
adopted that profession; was a member 
of the Kentucky Legislature ; also of the 
" Border State Convention" held in May, 
18G1; and was elected a Representative, 
from Kentucky, to the Tnirty-seventh 
Congress, serving as Chairman of the 
Committee on the Navy Department, and 
also as a member of the Committee on 
Accounts. In 1864 he was a Presidential 
Elector. 

Dunlap, Robert JP.—lie was boi'n 
in Maine; graduated at Bowdoin College 
in 1815 ; studied law and was admitted to 
the bar in 1818; in 1821, 1822, and 1823, 
was a member of the State Legislature ; 
in 1823 he was elected a State Senator, 



serving nine j'ears, and presided over 
that body f air years ; in 1833 he was a 
member of the Executive Council of 
Maine ; in 1834 he was elected Governor 
of Maine, and served four years ; and he 
was a Representative in Congress, from 
1843 to 1847. During the years 1848 and 
1849 he was Collector of Customs at Port- 
land, and from 1853 to 1857 Postmaster 
of Brunswick; and was for many years 
President of the Board of Overseers of 
Bowdoin College. Died in Brunswick, 
Maine, October 20, 1859, aged seventy 
years. 

Dunlap, William C— He was born 
in Tennessee, and was a Representative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1833 
to 1837. 

Dunn, George G. — He was born in 
1813, and died in Lawrence County, In- 
diana, in September, 1857. He had held 
many high official trusts, and was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from that State, 
from 1847 to 1849. He was a lawyer, and 
noted for his abilities as an orator. 

Dunn, George JET.— He was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from Indiana, 
from 1837 to 1839. 

Dunn, William JJcilee.— Born in 
the Territory of Indiana, December 12, 
1814; graduated at the State College of 
Indiana in 1832; taught school for two 
years, and having entered Vale College, 
received from that College the degree of 
A.M. in 1835; adopted the profession of 
law; was elected to the Indiana Legisla- 
ture in 1848; a member of the State Con- 
stitutional Convention in 1850; and in 
1858 was elected a Representative, from 
Indiana, to the Thirty-sixth Congress, 
serving on the Committees on Manufac- 
tures, and Roads and Canals, and also on 
the Special Committee of Thirty-tiiree. 
Re-elected to the Thirty-seventh Con- 
gress, serving as Chairman of the Com- 
mittee on Patents, after which he became 
a Judge Advocate in the army. He was 
also a l)elegate to the Philadelphia " Loy- 
alists' Convention " of 1860. 

Durell, Daniel M. — He was born in 

Massachusetts ; graduated at Dartmouth 
College in 1794 ; studied law, and entered 
upon the practice at Dover in 1797; and 
was a Representative in Congress, from 
New Hampshire, from 1807 to 1809. He 
also held the post of United States Dis- 
trict Attorney from 1830 to 1834. He died 
in 1841, aged seventy-one years. 

Durfee, tToh. — lle was born in 
Tiverton, Rhode Island, in 1790; grad- 
uated at Brown University in 1813; 
adopted the profession of the law ; and, 
though for a long time Chief Justice of 
Rhode Island, he devoted much attention 



BIOOBAl'IIICAL BECOBDS. 



123 



to poetry and belles-lettres generally. He 
■was for many years a member of the 
State Legislature, and Speaker of the 
House ; and he Avas a Representative in 
Congress, from Rhode Island, from 1821 
to 1825. He died in 1847. 

Diirfee, Nathaniel B. — He was 

born in Tiverton, Rhode Island, Septem- 
ber 29, 1812; received a good classical 
education at Newport; from 1838 to 1850 
devoted himself to the pursuits of agri- 
culture ; be represented the town of War- 
wick some seven or eight years in the 
State Legislature, and the town of Tiver- 
ton four years ; and having been elected 
a member of the Thirty -fourth Congress, 
served his term, and was re-elected to the 
Thirty-flfth Congress, serving on the 
Committee on Manufactures. 

Durkee, diaries.— Born in Royal- 
ton, Vermont, December 5, 1807 ; was a 
merchant; removed to Wisconsin, and 
was elected to the Legislature of that 
State in 1837 and 1838; a Representative 
in Congress in 1848 and 1850, from Indi- 
ana, and a United States Senator for six 
years, commencing March, 1855, serving 
as a member of the Committees on Revo- 
lutionary and Private Land Claims. lie 
was a Delegate also to the Peace Con- 
gress of 18G1, and in 1865 was appointed, 
by President Johnson, Governor of Utah. 

Duval, Gabriel. — He was born in 
1751, of a Huguenot family; served as a 
Clerk to the first Legislature of Maryland, 
before the Declaration of Independence ; 
he was a Representative in Congress, 
from Mar3'land, from 1794 to 1793; Comp- 
troller of the United States Treasury in 
1802; and in 1811 was appointed a Judge 
of the Supreme Court of the United 
States, which office he held for twenty- 
five years. He died in Prince George 
County, Maryland, March 6, 1844. 

Duval, William J?. —Born in Vir- 
ginia, in 1784, but in early life went to 
Kentucky, where, for a time, he led the 
life of a hunter, after which, he studied 
and practised law; he was a Represent- 
ative in Congress, fi'om Kentucky, from 
1813 to 1815; and in 1822 was appointed 
Governor of Florida, by President Mon- 
roe, and reappointed by Adams and Jack- 
son. In 1848 he removed to Texas ; and 
died in Washington, District of Colum- 
bia, March 19, 1S54. He was the original 
of "Ralph Ringvvood" of Washington 
Irving, and " Nimrod Wildfire " of James 
K. Paulding. 

Dwight, Henry TF.— Born in Berk- 
shire County, Massachusetts; was a mem- 
ber of the Massachusetts Legislature in 
1818 and 1834 ; and a Representative in 
Congress, from Massachusetts, from 1821 



to 1831, and died in New York, February 
21, 1845. 

Dwight, Theodore. — Born in North- 
ampton, Massachusetts, in 17G5. Soon 
after the Revolution he studied law, and 
attained a high position as a lawyer ; for 
a great number of years he was a State 
Senator in Connecticut; and he was a 
Representative in Congress, from Con- 
necticut, during the years 1803 and 1807. 
In 1813 he was a Presidential Elector. He 
was a ready and brilliant writer; conduct- 
ed for a time the " Hartford Mirror; " was 
Secretary of the Hartford Convention, of 
which he wrote the authentic history ; in 
1815, at the suggestion of leading men, 
he established the '-Albany Daily Adver- 
tiser;" and in 1817 founded "the New 
York Daily Advertiser," which he con- 
ducted with signal ability until 183G, when 
he removed to Hartford, Connecticut, and 
retired from active life. About three years 
before his death he went to New York to 
reside with his son, and died in that city, 
June 11, 1846. 

Dwight, Thomas. — He graduated 
at Harvard University in 1778; was a 
member of the Massachusetts Legislature 
in 1794 and 1795; a State Senator from 
1796 to 1803 and 1813; and a member of 
the Executive Council in 1803 and 1809; 
and was a Representative in Congress, 
from Massachusetts, from 1803 to 1805; 
and died in 1819. 

Dwinell, Justin, — He graduated at 
Yale College in 1805; was a memb<'rof 
the New York Assembly in 1821 and 1822; 
and was a Representative in Congress, 
from that State, from 1823 to 1825. 

Dyer, Eliphalet. — He was a Dele- 
gate, from Connecticut, to the Continen- 
tal Congress from 1774 to 1779, and again 
from 1780 to 1783. 

Eager, . S. W. — He graduated at 
Princeton College in 1809 ; and was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from New York, 
from 1829 to 1831. 

Earle, Elias. — He was born in Fred- 
erick County, Virginia, and was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Sou'.h Caroli- 
na, from 1805 to 1807, from 1811 to 1815, 
and again from 1817 to 1821. 

Earle, John B. — He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from South Caroli- 
na, from 1803 to 1805. 

Earle, Samuel, — He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from South Caroli- 
na, from 1795 to 1797. 

Earll, Jonas, Jr. —Born in 1786; 
was at one time a Senator in the New 
York Legislature ; a member of Congress, 



124 



BIOaBAPHlCAL REC0BD8. 



ft-om that State, from 1827 to 1831 ; and a 
Canal Commissioner at the time of his 
death, which occurred at Syracuse, New 
York, in October, 1846. 

Earll, Kehemiah JET.— He was born 
in New York, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1839 to 
1841. 

Early, Teter. — Born in Madison 
County, Virginia, June 20, 1773, and emi- 
grated to Georgia with his father in 1795. 
He graduated at Nassau Hall, Princeton, 
and studied law in Philadelphia. He 
served in the United States House of 
Kepresentatives, from Georgia, from 1802 
to 1807; and was one of the most conspic- 
uous among its members who supported 
the Administration. On his return to 
Georgia he was made a Judge of the Su- 
preme Court of the State, and in 1813 was 
elected Governor of his adopted State. 
He was subsequently a State Senator, but 
for several years before his death lived in 
retirement. He died August 15, 1817. 

Easterhrooh, Experience,— Born 

in Lebanon, Grafton County, New Hamp- 
shire, April 30, 1813; received a good 
academic education ; studied law iu Buf- 
falo, and graduated at the Law School of 
Marshall College, Pennsylvania; removed 
to Wisconsin in 1840, where he practised 
his profession until 1854 ; besides holding 
a number of county offices, he was a mem- 
ber of the Convention that formed the 
Constitution of that State ; served also in 
the Legislature of Wisconsin, and was 
Attorney-General of the State. In 1854 
he was appointed United States District 
Attorney for the Territory of Nebraska, 
which office he held until 1859, when he 
was elected a Delegate to the Thirty-sixth 
Congress from Nebraska. , 

Eastman, Benjamin C— A Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from Wisconsin, 
from 1851 to 1855. He died February 5, 
1856, at Platteville, in that State. 

Eastman, Ira ^.— He was born in 
New Hampshire ; graduated in Dartmouth 
College in 1829 ; served in the State Leg- 
islature, and was Speaker of the House 
from 1837 to 1839; he was at one time 
Sectetary of the State Senate ; Register 
of Probate ; and from 1844 to 1859 was a 
Judge of the Circuit and Supreme Court ; 
and elected a Representative in Congress, 
from New Hampshire, from 1839 to 1843. 

Eastman, Nehemiah.—Was born 
in Straflbrd County, New Hampshire ; was 
a lawyer by profession ; settled at Farm- 
ington. New Hampshire; was a Senator 
in the State Legislature from 1820 to 1825 ; 
a Representative in Congress, from New 
Hampshire, from 1825 to 1827. Died 
January 11, 1856, aged sixty-five years. 



Easton, IBufus,—Re was a Delegate 
to Congress, from Missouri Territory, 
from 1814 to 1816. 

Eaton, tToTm fl".— He was a Senator 
in Congress, from Tennessee, from 1818 
to 1829; was Secretary of War under 
President Jackson (as well as a warm per- 
sonal friend) from 1829 to 1831 ; from 1834 
to 1836 was Governor of the Territory of 
Florida ; and from 1836 to 1840 Minister 
Plenipotentiary to Spain. He died in 
Washington, District of Columbia, No- 
vember 17, 1856, aged sixty-six years. 

Eaton, Lewis. — He was a Represent- 
ative In Congress, from New York, from' 
1823 to 1825. 

EcJcert, George ^.— He was born in 
Pennsylvania, and was a Representative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1847 to 
1849, after which he was appointed Direc- 
tor of the United States Mint from 1851 
to 1853. He was a physician by profes- 
sion, and a man of superior ability. Died 
iu Philadelphia, in July, 1865. 

EcJcley, Ephraim iJ.— Born In Jef- 
ferson County, Ohio, December 9, 1812; 
received his education in the West ; read 
law, and came to the bar in 1837 ; was a 
member of the Ohio Senate in 1843, 1845, 
and 1849, serving until 1851 ; and iu 1853 
he was elected to the State House of Rep- 
resentatives. After the Rebellion broke 
out he had charge, as Colonel, of the 
Twenty-sixth and Eightieth Regiments of 
Ohio Volunteers, serving through several 
battles, and at the battle of Corinth he 
had command of a brigade. In 1862 he 
was elected a Representative from Ohio 
to the Thirty-eighth Congress, serving oi^ 
the Committees on Private Land Claims 
and on Roads and Canals ; and in March, 
1863, resigned his position In the army. 
Re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, 
serving on the Committees on the Public 
Lands and on Accounts. He was also a 
Delegate to the Philadelphia " Loyalists' 
Convention " of 1866 ; and was re-elected 
to the Fortieth Congress, serving on old 
committees. 

Eddy, Norman, — He was born in 
New York, and, having removed to Indi- 
ana, was a Representative In Congress 
from that State, from 1853 to 1855. 

Eddy, Samuel. — Born In Provi- 
dence, 'Rhode Island, March 31, 1769; 
graduated at Brown University In 1787 ; 
studied law, but did not long engage in 
practice. In 1798 he was chosen Secre- 
tary of State, and held the office for twen- 
ty-one years, when he resigned, and was 
elected a Representative iu Congress, from 
his native State, from 1819 to 1825. He was 
subsequently Chief Justice of the Supreme 
Court of Rhode Island for eight years. 



BIOGnAPniCAL BECOIiDS. 



125 



He devoted some attention to literary 
pursuits, and was honored, in 1801, witli 
tlie decree of LL.D. He died in Provi- 
dence, February 3, 1839. 

Eden, John R, — Was born in Bath 
County, Kentuclsy, February 1, 1826; 
went with his parents at an early age to 
Indiana, and received a common-school 
education; studied law, and commenced 
the practice of it In Illinois. In 1866 he 
was appointed State Attorney for the 
Seventeenth District, wliich office he held 
four years ; and iu 1862 he was elected a 
Kepreseritative from Illinois to the Thirty- 
eighth Congress, serving as a member of 
the Committees on Accounts and Revolu- 
tionary Pensions. 

Edgerton, Alfred P.— Re was born 
in New Yorlv, and, removing to Ohio, was 
elected a Representative in Congress, from 
that State, from 1851 to 1855. 

Edgerfon, tToseph Ketchutn. — 

Born in Vergennes, Vermont, February 
16, 1818 ; spent his youth in Clinton Coun- 
ty, New York, and received a common- 
school education, chiefly at Plattsburg; 
read law; settled in New Yorls City in 
1835 ; and came to the bar in 1889, and re- 
moved to Fort Wayne, Indiana, In 1844. 
In 1855 he was President of tlie Fort 
Wayne and Chicago Railroad Company, 
and subsequently financial agent of the 
same when consolidated with the Pitts- 
burg road, and in 1862 he was elected a 
Representative from Indiana to the Thirty- 
eiglith Congress, serving on the Commit- 
tee on Naval Aflfairs. 

Edgerton, Sidney.— Born in Caze- 
novia, Madison County, New York, in 
1818; became an orphan when a mere 
boy, and acquired an academic 'education 
by means of his own exertions, teaching 
school and studying at the same time ; re- 
moved to Ohio in 1844 and studied law, 
spending one year at the Law School in 
Cincinnati ; he was a Prosecuting Attorney 
for four years in Summit County ; and was 
elected a Representative from Ohio to the 
Thirty-sixth Congress, serving as a mem- 
ber of the Committee on the District of 
Columbia. Re - elected to the Thirty- 
seventh Congress, serving on the Commit- 
tee on Revolutionary Claims and Private 
Land Claims. He was appointed by Pres- 
ident Lincoln a Judge for the Territory 
of Idalio, and subsequently Governor of 
Montana. 

Edle, John S,. — He was born in 
Pennsylvania, and elected a Representa- 
tive to the Thirty-fourth and Thirty-flfth 
Congresses, from that State, serving as a 
member of the Committee on Patents. 

Efhnond, William,— Born at South 
Britain, Connecticut, September 28, 1755, 



and graduated at Yale College in 1773, 
He was a volunteer soldier at the burning 
of Danbury, and received a wound iu tlio 
leg, which made him lame for life. He 
was a lawyer by profession ; was cliosen a 
member of the Legislature, member of the 
Council, and Judge of the Supreme Court 
of the State, and a member of Congress, 
from Connecticut, from 1798 to 1801. He 
died in Newton, Connecticut, August 1, 
1838. 

Edmonds, tf. Wiley, — He was born 
in Massachusetts, and was a Representa- 
tive in Congress, from that State, from 
1853 to 1855. 

Edmunds, George F. — He was 

born iu Richmond, Vermont, February 1, 
1828 ; received a common-school educa- 
tion, and enjoyed the instructions of a 
private tutor; he studied law, and came 
to the bar in 1849, devoting himself ex- 
clusively to the legal profession. In 1851 
he settled in Burlington, and in 1854-'55, 
and iu 1857, 1858, and 1859, was elected to 
the Vermont Legislature, serving three 
years as Speaker; iu 1861 and 1802 he was 
elected to the State Senate, officiating as 
President pro tern, of that body during 
those years. On the breaking out of the 
Rebellion he Avas a member of the State 
Convention which met to form a coalition 
between the Republicans and War Demo- 
crats, and drew up the resolutions which 
were adopted in that Convention as the 
basis of union for the country. On the 
death of Solomon Foot, he was appointed 
in his place to tlie United States Senate, 
taking his seat iu April, 1866, and the ap- 
pointment was confirmed by the Legisla- 
ture. The Committees upon which he 
served were those on Commerce, Public 
Lands, Pensions, Retrenchment, and the 
Judiciary. He was also a Delegate to the 
Philadelphia "Loyalists' Convention" of 
1866. 

Edmundson, Senry A.— Re was 

born in Virginia, and having been elected 
a Representative in Congress, from that 
State, in 1849, was re-elected to each suc- 
cessive Congress down to the Thirty- 
sixth Congress, serving as a member of 
the Committee on Public Expenditures. 

Edsall, Joseph E.—Re was bom in 
Sussei County, New Jersey, and was 
elected a Representative in Congress, from 
tliat State, from 1837 to 1839. He was 
also a member of the State Legislatui-e, 
and of the Convention which framed the 
last State Constitution. 

Edward, John. — He was born in 
New York, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1837 to 
1843. 

Edwards, Benjamin, — Born in 



12G 



BIOGEAPHICAL BECOEDS. 



Stafford County, Virginia, in 1752, and 
died iu Todd County, Kentucky, Novem- 
ber 13, 1826. He had not the advantage 
of a classical education, and his pursuits 
were tliose of agriculture and merchan- 
dise. He was a member of the Maryland 
Legislature; also of the State Convention 
which ratified tlie Federal Constitution; 
and a member of Congress, from Mary- 
land, from 1704 to 1795, to fill the unex- 
pired term of Uriah Forrest. He spent 
the latter years of his life in Kentucky, 
but held no public position in that State. 

JSdtvards, Francis S. — He was 
born in Norwich, Connecticut, May 28, 
1818; adopted the profession of law; and 
removing to New York, was appointed a 
Master in Cliancery, in 1841, for the 
County of Chenango; in 1851 was elected 
Surrogate of Chatauque County; and in 
1854 to the Thirty- fourth Congress, from 
New York. 

Edrvards, Henry W.—R& was born 
in New Haven, Connecticut, in 1779 ; grad- 
uated at Princeton College in 1797 ; studied 
his profession at the Litchfield Law 
School, and settled in New Haven. He 
was a Representative in Congress from 
1819 to 1823; United States Senator from 
1823 to 1827; member of the State Senate 
in 1828 and 1829 ; Speaker of the Connec- 
ticut House of Representatives in 1830 ; 
Governor in 1833, and from 1835 to 1838 ; 
and upon his recommendation, a geologi- 
cal survey of the State was taken. He 
died in New Haven, July 22, 1847. 

Edwards, J'ohn. — He was a Senator 
in (Congress, from Kentucky, from 1792 to 
1795. 

Edtvards, John. — He was a Repre- 
sentative iu Congress, from Penusylvaina, 
from 1839 to 1843, and died iu Chester, 
Pennsylvania, June 25, 1843. 

Edwards, J'ohn €. — He was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from Missouri, 
from 1841 to 1843, and Governor of that 
State from 1844 to 1848. 

Edwards, Ninian.— Born in Mont- 
gomery County, Maryland, March, 1775. 
He was in early life the intimate friend of 
William Wirt, and graduated at Dickinson 
College. He studied both medicine and 
law, but devoted himself to the practice 
of the law with eminent success. Re- 
moving to Kentucky, he was twice elected 
to the Legislature ; was appointed a Cir- 
cuit Clerk, and subsequently Judge of the 
General Court of Kentucky, of the Circuit 
Court, of the Court of Appeals, and, 
finally, Chief Justice of the State, and all 
before reaching the thirty-second year 
of his age. In 1809 President Madi- 
son appointed him Governor of the 
Territory of Hlinois, to which office he 



was three times reappointed. Before 
Congress had adopted any measures on 
the iiubject of volunteer rangers, he or- 
ganized companies, supplied them with 
arms, built stockade forts, and established 
a line of posts from the mouth of the 
Missouri to the Wabash River. He was 
thus prepared for defence, and during the 
Indian wars on the frontiers was most 
devoted to his country's service. In 1816 
he was appointed a Commissioner to treat 
with the Indian tribes. When Illinois be- 
came a State, he was elected a Senator in~ 
Congress, serving from 1818 to 1824, when 
he was appointed Minister to Mexico, but 
declined the office. In 1826 he was elect- 
ed Governor of the State of Illinois, 
which office he filled until 1831. He died 
of cholera, July 20, 1833. 

Edwards, JPlerpont.—Re was born 
in Northampton, Massachusetts, April 8, 
1750, and was the youngest son of Jona- 
than Edwards, the distinguished divine. 
From the fact that his father was a mis- 
sionary among the Stockbridge Indians, 
he spent much of his early boyhood 
among that people, and acquired the lan- 
guage so perfectlj^ that he was wont to 
say that he "thought in Indian." His 
later bo.vhood he spent in New Jersey and 
North Carolina, and was educated at 
Princeton College. He studied law, and 
settled in the practice of the profession at 
New Haven, Connecticut, and he was fre- 
quently elected to the Connecticut Legis- 
lature; was Administrator of the Estate 
of Benedict Arnold at the time of his 
treason. He served in the array during 
the Revolution; was in two hard-fought 
battles ; and at the battle of Danbury he 
was reported killed, because he remained 
on the battle-field for the purpose of res- 
cuing a friend ; and he was a Delegate from 
Connectic*lit to the Continental Congress 
from 1797 to 1798. He subsequently filled 
the office of United States Judge for the 
State of Connecticut, which he held at 
the time of his death, which occurred at 
Bridgeport, -Connecticut, April 1, 1826. 
He was the founder of what was called 
the Toleration party in Connecticut, and 
by his ability and perseverance called 
down upon his liead the animosity of the 
Calvinists ; and he was also the first Grand 
Master among the Masons of Connecti- 
cut, having, in fact, drawn up the consti- 
tution of the original Lodge in that 
State. 

Edwards, Samuel. —He was born 
in Delaware County, Pennsylvania, and 
was a Representative in Congress, from 
that State, from 1819 to 1827. 

Edwards, Thomas M.—'Born in 
Cheshire County, New Hampshire ; grad- 
uated at Dartmouth College ; adopted the 
profession of law ; served eight years in 
the New Hampshire Legislature between 



BIOGBAPHICAL BEC0BD8. 



127 



the years 1831 and 1856; was a Presi- 
dential Elector iu 1856; and in 1859 
was elected a Representative, from New 
Hampsliire, to tlie Tliirty-sixth Congress, 
serving as a member of the Committee 
on Indian Atlairs. Re-elected to the 
Thirty-seventh Congress. He was also 
a Delegate to the Philadelphia "Loyal- 
ists' Convention" of 1866. 

Edwards, T7ioinas O. — He was . 

born jn Maryland, and having taken up 
his residence in Ohio, was elected a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from that State, 
from 1817 to 1849. 

Edwards, Weldon N. — Born in 
Northampton County, North Carolina, in 
1788 ; educated at Warrenton Academy ; 
read law, and came to the bar in 1810; 
was in the Legislature for two years; and 
was a member of Congress, from North 
Carolina, from 1816 to 1827. He again 
went into the Legislature, serving there 
from 1833 to 1844; and was re-elected in 
1850, when he was made President of the 
State Senate. 

Effner, Valentine. — He was born 
iu New York; a member of the Assembly 
of that State in 1829; and a Representa- 
tive in Congress from 1835 to 1837. 

Egbert, Joseph. — He was born in 
New York, and was a Representative iu 
Congress, from that State, from 1841 to 
1843. 

Ege, George. — He was a Represent- 
ative iu Congress, from Pennsylvania, 
during the years 1796 and 1797, for the 
unexpired term of D. Heister, resigned 

Eggleston, Benjamin. — He was 

born in Corinth, Saratoga County, New 
York, January 3, 1816; removed with his 
father to Hocking County, Ohio, in 1831, 
where he entered upon commercial pur- 
suits, and since which time he has been 
extensively identified with the business 
interests and prosperity of Cincinnati and 
Ohio. He was connected for many years 
with the Board of Public Works of Ham- 
ilton County and Cincinnati, and was its 
Chairman; was the effective Chairman, 
also, of an important Finance Committee, 
in a time of great public distress, Presi- 
dent of the City Council, and was like- 
wise for some years a member of the State 
Legislature. He was a member of the 
Chicago Convention of 1860, and a Presi- 
dential Elector at the following election ; 
and iu looking after the welfare of the 
Ohio soldiers during the Rebellion, ren- 
dered services that were universally ac- 
knowledged. One or tw;3 important canals 
were inaugurated by him, and carried on 
under his supervision; and in 1864 he was 
elected a Representative, from Ohio, to 
the Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the 



Committees on Commerce, and Expendi- 
tures in the Post OfHce Department, and 
Revenue Frauds. He was also a Delegate 
to the Philadelphia " Loyalists' Conven- 
tion " of 1866 ; and was re-elected to the 
Fortieth Congress, serving on the addi- 
tional Committee of Expenditures in tlie 
Post Office Department. 

Eggleston, tTosepTL—Born in Ame- 
lia County, Virginia, November 24, 1754, 
and died February 15, 1811. He was ed- 
ucated at the College of William and 
Mary; served in the Revolutionary war as 
a Captain and Major of Cavalry under Col- 
onel Henry Lee ; was in several of the bat- 
tles fought by Gates and Greene; he 
served in the Virginia Assembly for sev- 
eral years; and was a Representative in 
Congress, from Virginia, from 1798 to 
1801. From the time of his leaving Con- 
gress until his death he was a Justice of 
the Peace. 

Ela, tTacob IE. — Born in Rochester, 
New Hampshire, July 18, 1820; began ac- 
tive life as a printer in the office of the 
"Statesman" newspaper in 1837; estab- 
lished and edited the " Herald of Free- 
dom," and also participated in establish- 
ing the " Independent Democrat." In 
1857 and 1858 he was a member of the 
State Legislature, and filled several other 
State offices; in 1861 he was appointed by 
President Lincoln U. S. Marshal for his 
State, holding the office until 18GG ; and in 
1867 he was elected a Representative, from 
New Hampshire, to tlie Fortieth Congress, 
serving on the Committees on Printing 
and Freedmen's Affairs. 

Eldridge, Charles ^.— He was born 
in Bridgeport, Addison County, Vermont, 
February 27, 1821. When a child he re- 
moved with his parents to St. Lawrence 
County, New York; studied law in that 
State, and came to the bar in 1846. In 
1848 he removed to Fond du Lac, Wiscon- 
sin; in 1854 and 1855 he was a member of 
the State Senate; and in 1862 he was 
elected a Representative from Wisconsin 
to the Thirty-eighth Congress, serving on 
the Committee on Revolutionary Claims. 
Re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, 
serving on the Committees on Revolution- 
ary Claims and Naval Affairs. He was 
also a Delegate to the Philadelphia " Na- 
tional Union Convention " of 1866 ; and 
was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, 
serving on the Committees on the Judi- 
ciary and Revolutionary Claims. 

Eliot, Samuel ^.— Born in Boston, 
Massachusetts, March 5, 1798; educated 
at Harvard College, and engaged in com- 
mercial and manufacturing business. He 
was Mayor of Boston from 1837 to 1839 ; 
Representative and Senator in the Legis- 
lature for three or four years ; and a Rep- 
resentative in Congress from 1850 to 1851. 



128 



BIOGBAPHICAL BECOBDS. 



He was also Treasurer of Harvard College 
eleven years. Died at Cambridge la 1861. 

Eliot, Thomas !>.— Born in Boston, 
Massachusetts, March 20, 1808 ; graduated 
at Columbia College, Washington, in 1825 ; 
adopted the profession of law, and set- 
tled at New Bedford; served in both 
houses of the Massachusetts Legislature ; 
was a Representative in Congress, for the 
unexpired term of Zeno Scudder, in 1855 ; 
and re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Cou- 
:gress, serving on the Committee on 
Commerce; re-elected to tlie Thirty- 
seventh Congress, and was Chairman of 
the Special Committee on Confiscation of 
the property of rebels; and was re- 
elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, 
serving on the Committees on Commerce, 
and on Expenditures in the Treasury De- 
partment, and also as Chairman of the 
Special Committee on Emancipation. Re- 
elected to the Thirtj^-ninth Congress, and 
was again a member of the Committee on 
Commerce, and Chairman of that on Freed- 
men, and also of that on the New Orleans 
Riots. Several important bills bearing on 
the colored race were drawn up by him. 
He was also a Delegate to the Philadel- 
phia " Loyalists' Convention" of 1866 ; and 
was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress. 

Ellery, Christoplier. — He gradu- 
ated at Yale College in 1787; was a Sena- 
tor in Congress, from Rhode Island, from 
1801 to 1805 ; and was appointed, in the 
latter year, United States Commissioner 
of Loans. He was appointed Collector of 
Newport in 1828, and died in 1840. 

Ellery, William. — He was born in 
Newport, Rhode Island, December 22, 
1727; graduated at Harvard College in 
1747; was a lawyer by profession ; a Dele- 
gate to the Continental Congress, from 
1776 to 1780, and from 1783 to 1785; was 
a signer of the Declaration of Independ- 
ence, and also of the Articles of Confedera- 
tion; in 1786 he was appointed Commis- 
sioner of Loans for Rhode Island; was 
elected Chief Justice of the State; and in 
1789 he was appointed by Washington 
Collector of Newport, which office he held 
until his death, which occurred February 
15, 1820. 

Ellicott, Benjamin. — He was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from New York, 
from 1817 to 1819. 

Elliot, tToJin. — He graduated at Yale 
College in 1794 ; resided in Sunbury, Lib- 
erty County, Georgia, and was a Senator 
in Congress, from that State, from 1819 to 
1825, serving on several impoi'tant com- 
mittees. He died August 9, 1827. 

Elliott, James,-— Tie was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Vermont, from 



1803 to 1809, and died at Newfane, Ver- 
mont, November 10, 1839. 

Elliott, John M.—Born in Scott 
County, Virginia, May 16, 1820. He was 
educated In the county schools of Ken- 
tucky; studied law, and commenced the 
practice in 1843; was elected to the State 
Legislature in 1847; and in 1853 was 
elected a Representative in Congress, 
serving as Chairman of the Committee on 
Public Expenditures. 

Ellis, Caleb. — Born at Walpole, Mas- 
sachusetts, and graduated at Harvard Col- 
lege in 1793 ; when admitted to the bar he 
settled at Claremont, New Hampshire. He 
was a Representative in Congress, from 
1805 to 1809 ; was a member of the Coun- 
cil, and in 1811 elected to the State Sen- 
ate. In 1812 he Avas one of the Electors 
of President and Vice-President ; and in 
1813 was Judge of the Supreme Court 
of New Hampshire, and continued in 
that office until his death, which occuri'ed 
May 9, 1816, aged forty-nine years. 

Ellis, Cheselden.—He was born in 
New York, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1843 to 
1845. 

Ellis, Powhatan. — He was born in 
Virginia, but removing at an early day to 
Mississippi, there devoted himself to the 
practice of law. He became one of the 
Judges of the Supreme Court of that 
State ; in 1825 he was appointed to a seat 
in the United States Senate, but was dis- 
placed by the Legislature ; in 1827, how- 
ever, the Legislature elected him a Senator 
in Congress, where he served until 1833, 
after which he was appointed United 
States Judge for the District of Missis- 
sippi. In 1836 he was appointed Charge 
d'Affaires to Mexico, and in 1839 full 
Minister to that Republic. 

Ellis, William C. — He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Pennsylvania, . 
from 1823 to 1825. 

Ellison, Andrew. — He was born in 
Ireland, and having emigrated to Ohio, 
was elected a Representative in Congress, 
from 1853 to 1855. 

Ellsworth, Oliver. — Born at Wind- 
sor, Connecticut, April 29, 1745, and grad- 
uated at Princeton College, New Jersey, 
in 1766. He studied law, and soon be- 
came eminent in the practice. In 1777 he 
was chosen a Delegate in Congress from 
Connecticut. In 1780 he was elected to 
the Council of Connecticut, and was a 
member of that bpdy till 1784, when he 
was appointed a Judge of the Superior 
Court of that State, In 1767 he was 
elected a member of the Convention which 
framed the Federal Constitution, In ati 



JBIOGIiAPHICAL BEC0BD8. 



129 



assembly' illustrious for talents, erudition, 
and patriotism, he held a distin<;uisiicd 
place. His exertions essentially aided in 
the production of an instrument which 
has been the main pillar of American 
prosperity and glory. He was afterwards 
a member of ihe State Convention of Con- 
necticut, and contributed his efforts to- 
wards procuring the ratification of the 
Constitution by that State. When the 
Federal Government was organized, in 
1789, he was a member of the Senate from 
Connecticut. In 1796 he was appointed, 
by Washington, Chief Justice of the Su- 
preme Court of the United States, but re- 
signed the office, on account of ill health, 
in 1800. In 1805 he was a Presidential 
Elector. In 1799 he was appointed, by 
President Adams, Envoy Extraordinary to 
France, for the purpose of settling a treaty 
with that nation. He received the degree 
of LL.D., in 1790, from Yale College, and 
in 1797 from Dartmouth. He died No- 
vember 2G, 1807. 

Ellsworth, Samuel S. — He was 
born in Vermont; was a member of the 
New York Assembly in 1840, and a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from that Slate, 
from 1845 to 1847. 

Ellstvortli, Williain W. — He was 

the sou of Oliver Ellsworth; born in 
Windsor County, Connecticut, November 
10, 1791; graduated at Yale College in 
1810; adopted the profession of law, and 
was Professor of Law in Trinity College ; 
and was a Representative in Congress, 
from Connecticut, from 1829 to 1833. In 
1838 he was elected Governor of Connecti- 
cut, and re-elected four years ; and for 
many j'ears was a Judge of the Supreme 
Court of Connecticut. Died at Hartford, 
Connecticut, January 15, 1868. 

Ehnendorf, Lucas. — He graduated 
at Princeton in 1782, and was a Represen- 
tative in Congress, from New York, from 
1797 to 1803; a member of the Assembh' 
of tliat State in 1804 and 1805 ; and a State 
Senator from 1814 to 1817. Died August 
17, 1843, aged eighty-five years. 

Ehner, Ebenezer. — He was born in 
Cedarville, New Jersey, in 1752; was edu- 
cated a physician; was a Field OfHcer in 
the Revolutionary war; also a Surgeon in 
the army ; was President of the Society 
of the Cincinnati for New Jersey; a Rep- 
resentative in Congi-ess, from that State, 
from 1801 to 1807; served a number of 
years in the State Assembly, and was 
chosen Speaker; he was also for a long 
time Adjutant-General of the New Jersey 
Militia; during the war of 1812 he com- 
manded the troops on the Delaware ; in 
1807 and 1815 he was a member and Vice- 
President of the State Council; in 1808 he 
Avas appointed Collector of Bridgeton, and 
held the office for many years; and he 
9 



died at Bridgeton, New Jersey, October 
18, 1843. He was one who always seemed 
to think more of his duty as a public offi- 
cer than of his private interests. 

Ehner, <JonatHan. — He was born in 
Cumberland County, New Jersey, in 1745; 
was a prominent physician, and practised 
in his native county, having graduated 
with honors at the University of Pennsyl- 
vania; was a member of the Continental 
Congress; and a Senator in Congress un- 
der the Federal Constitution, from New 
Jersey, from 1789 to 1791. He was one of 
those who voted for locating the Seat of 
Govei'nment on the Potomac. During the 
Revolution he was a Sheriff, a Surrogate, 
and a Judge ; was a man of learning, and. 
a member of the Pliilosophical Society of 
America. He died in 1817. 

Ehner, Lucius Q. C. — Born in 

Bridgeton, New Jersey, in 1793 ; graduated 
at Princeton College; was educated a law- 
yer, which profession he practised in his 
native town. For many years he was 
Prosecutor for the State; was in the As- 
sembly from 1820 to 1823, the last year be- 
ing Speaker of that body; and in 1824 he 
was appointed Attorney of the United 
States for New Jersey, which office he 
filled until 1829. He was a Representative 
in Congress, from New Jersey, from 1843 
to 1845; in 1850 was appointed Attorney- 
General of the State; and in 1852 one of 
the Justices of the Supreme Court of his 
State, which office he continued to hold 
until 1859. 

Ehnore, FranJclin E[arper.— Born 

in Laurens District, South Carolina, in 
1799 ; entered South Carolina College in 
November, 1817, and graduated in 1819.; 
he was a lawyer by profession, and admit- 
ted to the bar in 1821 ; was a Colonel of 
Militia, and also a Trustee of the South 
Carolina College. In 1822 he Avas elected 
Solicitor of the Southern Circuit, and was 
continued in this office, by re-elections, un- 
til 1837, when he was elected to the House 
of Representatives in Congress, and 
served till 1889 ; he was that j'ear elected 
President of the Bank of the State of South 
Carolina, which office he held till his ap- 
pointment to the Senate, in April, 1850, to 
fill the vacancy occasioned by the death 
of the Hon. John C. Calhoun. His voice 
was heard but once in the Senate, and 
then in answering to his name when called 
bv the Secretary. He died in Washington, 
District of Columbia, May 29, 1850. 

Ely, Alfred. — Was born in Lyme, 
New London County, Connecticut, Febru- 
ary 18, 1815; removed to Rochester, New 
York, in 1835 ; studied law, and was ad- 
mitted to the bar in 1841, where he has 
since practised his profession. In 1840, 
while a student at law, he was appointed 
Clerk of the Recorder's Court of Roches- 



130 



BlOaHAJPIlICAL JiECOIiDS. 



tor; In 1S.")S wiis cloctotl u liopivsontntlvo, 
tVom Now York, to iho Tlilrty-slxtli (.\>u- 
;jrt>ssi was n>-oloet.oil, mul whtlo in Iho 
'riilrlv-scvoiilli Conu'ross sorvod a>< t'lmlr- 
umn ol' tlio Coininllloo on Invaliil l'i"n- 
slous. In .Inly, IStU, ho was a wllnoss of 
tho hattU^ of i>nll Unn, whoro lio was oap- 
tnroil and tako\» as a prlsonor of war to 
l{h'l\inonil ; al't»>r a oonllnoniont of nioro 
than tlvo months, lio was oxohanu'i'd li» 
Dooonihor, lSt!l, for tho Hon. (Miarlos .). 
Kanlknt>r, tho AniorU-an Mlnisior to 
Krani'o, wlio had boon iinprlsonoil for ilis- 
lovalty. Aftor Ills rotnrn homo, Mr. Kly 
piibllshod a book with tills llllo, ".lonrnal 
of Alfiod Kly. a Prlsiuior of War In Hloh- 
uiond," oilUoil by tJio author i>f this Dic- 
tionary. 

iiV//. flohtt. — TTo was l>orn In ri>nnoot- 
icut. aiivl was a Uoprosont;iti\ o In Vow- 
jrross, fiMiii Now YiM'k, from l^>lii) to lv'<41, 
lia\inj>- provMoiisly sorvod two years iu tho 

Assoiiibly of that" Stato. 

iiV//, jr<7//«m.— Ho jiradnatod at Yalo 
CoUoj;o In 17S7; was a Koprosontativo in 
0;>n,iiioss, tVom Massaolmsotts, from ltiO."> 
to lv^l.">, ami diod In K'^IT. 

Kinbrt'f, l\ fish a.— Worn In T.lnooln 
County, Koninoky. Soptoinbor'JS. IStU, ami 
rt>m»>voil with his fathor. In ISll, to tho 
south-wostorn portion o( Imliaiia 'Porrl- 
tory, whoro ho iony; oontiimoil to rosido. 
Ho j*oooivoil a oommon-soliool odiioation, 
aftor whioh lio stutllod anil praotisoil law. 
In ISl;! ho wasolootoil to tlio Stato Sonato 
of Indiana; In 1S;>."> was ohoson by tho 
Loii'islatiuo c'ironlt .liulu'o, whioh otlloo ho 
liold for ton yi>ars. In IS4 7 ho was olootod 
Koprosontativo In tho riilrtioth t'onuross. 
from liuiiana. and aftor tho oxpiration of 
that torm booamo onijaiiovl In aurlonltiiral 
pursuits, niod at Prhiootou, Now .Jorsoy, 
Alaroh 7, l^>i!J>. 

Emott, fTames, — Born in Albany, 

Now York, in 1770; lio did not roooivoa ool- 
loyiato odnoatlon, but in ISOO rnion (\>l- 
h\vt'o oonforrod on him tho douroo i>f A. M. 
Ho was a dlsiinj;uishod mombor of tho 
bar. ai»d uuilor tlio oUl ronstltutlon of 
Kow YiM'k, ho. for sevoral yoars, tlUod tho 
ortloo of lirst .Ind.uo of tlio Court of t\Mn- 
luon I'loas t'or his o»iunty, and In that oa- 
paoliy jiavo that l\>nrt a rank amonn' tho 
bost of tho Stato. I'lulor tho Constitution 
of ISL'l ho was appoiutod .Indjio for tho 
Seoond Olsirlot, whioh station ho tlllod 
nntll ho roaohod tho auo of sixty yoai-s, 
which roqulrod him to rotliv. lie was a 
Koprosontativo In Con<;ross. iVom his na- 
tive Stato. tVom lSOi> to ISlIi. and dlod In 
Poughkoopslo, .Vpril 7, ISoO. 

EmtHe, «/". Reece.—Mv' Avas born in 
Ohio, and olootod a Kop>'*">*^'^>t"tivo. tVom 
tirnt State, to the Thirty-l'ourth Congress. 



Knfflish, ffaincft l'7.— AVas born in 
Now Havon. Conm'oliout, in Man-li, 1,S12; 
ontorod oarly in lifi> into moroantilo pur- 
suits, and oontinm-d to {\o biisinoss as a 
iiu-rohant niilil IS,">,">; sinoo whioh ho has 
boon oxtonslvoly oni;ay;od in sovoral 
branohos of maimfaoluro. In 18.^."> ho was 
a momlior of tho Lon'islaturo of Coiinoetl- 
out; In 18.">('> was olootod to tho Stato Son- 
ato, and iloolliiod a ro-olootlon; was a 
oandiilato for l.ioutonant-Covornor of Con- 
noi'tiout in ISi'.d, but was not olooti'd; and 
was olootod a l\oi)rosonlatlv<', fron* his 
nalivo Stato, to tho 'riiirty sovonth Ci>n- 
yross; and ro-olo<'tod to tho f hlrly-oinhth 
Con,iiross, serving; i»n Iho Ctnuuiittoos on 
tho Public Lands ami Kxpoiulituros in the 
Slate DopartnuMit. lio was also a Dole- 
.uato to tho I'hiladolphla ••NatU)nal Union 
Coiivontlon" of lv^tl(! ; and was elected 
(iovornor of Connecticut for tho term 
ondlny in ISCl). 

EnffJifih, WlUiatn JT. — Born In 
Soott County, Indiana, .\ujiust l.'7, 18:.'2. 
Ho recolvod !i liooil oommoii-sohool odnoa- 
tlon. ami spoilt ihroo yoars at tho I'nlvor- 
sliy ol' Sontli llanovor; stiuliod law, and 
wasadnUttovl lopraotloo in 181(i, but when 
at homo is chiotly tlovotod to aurionltural 
pursuits; in 184;? lie was tdootod ChMk of 
tho House of Kopresentatlvos of Indiana; 
durinji rrosidont Polk's administration lie 
was a Clork in tho 'rroasiuy Popart moiit; 
ho was the C'lork of tho State Constitu- 
tional Coiivontion In 18.">0; in 18.M ho was 
olootod to Iho Stato Loiiishituro. ami oHl- 
elatoil as Speaker; in 18.'>2 ho was olootod 
a Kopi'osentatlve in Coiiuross. friMu Indi- 
ana; re-elected in 18.">4. and imulo a Ke- 
ji'ont of iho Smilhsonlan Institution ; airain 
oloctoil in 18,">i;. and during' iho llrstsession 
of tho Thlrty-tlfth Compress took part in 
the Kansas Compromise luoasuro. aiul olll- 
elatod at the same time as I'liainnan of 
tho Conunlttee on Tost l^llloes and Post 
Ixoads. He was reolecloil to the Thirty- 
sixth Couiiross, servluii' on tho (.\>mmittee 
on Tost (.>lHcos and Post Koads. 

Eppt's, Jolin 11'. — Ho was a Bopre- 
sentatlvo In t\>nuress. fi\>m Ylrsiinia, iVoin 
181K5 to 1811. and a^aln from 18i;5 to 181,"); 
was a Senator In Coniiiess IVom 1817 to 
18P.». when ho roslunod from 111 health. 
He dlod near KiohnuMul. Virginia, Sop- 
tombor, 18-';>. aged tifty years. 

Krdman, tTacoh, — He was born in 
ronnsylvania. and was a Keprosoiitatlve 
in Congress, tVom that State, fiom 1845 to 
1847. Died in Lehigh County. July 20, 
18ii7. 

Krvin, JTatnes,— Born in Sonth Car- 
olina, in t.)clobor, 1778; graduated at 
Urown rnivorsity in 17',>7; studioil law, 
and was admittoil to tho bar In If^lX); 
served In tho Stato l.ogislatnro in 1801 and 
1802, andlVom 1804 to 181t>i was a Solici- 



lilOaBArillOAL BECOItDS. 



ir,i 



tor of tlu! Nortliorn Circuit; oi^ht years a 
Ti'UsUh! of I.Ik! South (Jiirolina c;oll(!jj;(! ; a 
Kitpn.'sc'iitativo in (.'oii^^nsss, (Voin Soutli 
Carolina, IVoia 1817 to 1821, and died in 
1841. 

JStttlll, Jienjamln. — Ue was born in 
Wu.sliiM;it,on (/Oiinly, VIr;?inia, and was a 
lloproHiMitaMvo in (;on;j;reH.s, froin Vir- 
ginia, from 1825 to 1827. 

JRtheridge, Emerfton.—lJo was born 
Jn Ciirriliu;k, Nortli (Jarolina, Scptemljor 
28, 181!); wiicn tliirtcciu yaarsofajjo Iks re- 
moved to Tennessee!, wlicire iie received a 
coninion-seliooi education; an(J, liaviiif? 
studied law, was admitted to the l)ar in 
1840. In 1845 iie was elected to tiie State 
Le;^i.slature for two years, and was at once 
nominated for Spcjaker, wlii(;li Ik; iost I)v 
two votes; and in 185:5 lie was elected a 
Representative, from 'I'cirniessee, to tlie 
Tliirty-tliird ('ow^vitsH ; re-elected to tiie 
Thirty-fourth, and also to tlie 'I'hirty-sixtli 
Coiij?ress, serviiif^, durinj^ his last term, as 
Chairman of the (>>mmittee on Indian Af- 
fairs. On the mcetini? of the Thirty-sev- 
enth Conjjress lie was ei<;cted Clerk of the 
House of lleprescntatives. 

EuHtlftf Oeorye, Jr. — Tie was born 
In Louisiana, and was educated at Harvard 
University; practised law in New Orleans, 
and was elected a Uepres(!iitativc to the 
Thirty-fourth and Tliiity-(iftli Con;i;resses, 
serving on the Committee on Commerce. 

JZuHtiH, WilUani.—WiiH born in Cam- 
brldj^e, Massaduisetts, June 10, 175:^. 
After graduating at Harvard ('ollege in 
1782, he studied medicine witii Dr. Josciph 
Warren. At the l)eginiiing of the war he 
was appointed Surgeon of a regiment, and 
afterwards Hospital Surgeon. In 1777, and 
during most of the war, he occupi(;d, as a 
liospiiai, the spacious house of Colonel 
Kobinson, a royalist, opposite to West 
Point; Arnold had his head-quarters in tiie 
same house. At tlie tcjrmination of the 
Avar he commenced the practice of his 
profession in Boston. In 1800 he was 
elected a Representative in C'oiigress, from 
Massachusetts, serving until 1805. In 
180!) lie was appointed Secretary of War 
by President Madison, and continued In 
olflce until 18i:j, when, on account of the 
surrender of Hull, lie resigned, In 1815 
he was sent as Ambassador to Holland. 
After his return, he was a liepresentative 
in Congress from 18ii0to I82;J. He was 
chosen Oovernor of Massacliusetts in 18215, 
and died in I5oston, after a short illness, 
February C, 1825. 

Evans, Alexander.— Uc was born 
at Elkton, Cecil Coijn|;y, Maryland, his 
ancestors having settled in that county 
more than a hundred years ago. His 
education was received at a village school 
until llftecn years of age, and his llrst 



avocation was that of a civil engineer. 
In 1812 !i(! commenced tin; study ol' luw 
In his native; town, and was admitted to 
tlie bar In 1815. He was a Riinesenta- 
tive in Congress, from Maryland, from 
1817 to 185:5, since which time; lie has 
practised his proHiSslon at Klkton. In 
1812 lie was ehicted Corn!st)on(liiig Meni- 
b(!r of till! National Institute at Washing- 
ton, and in 181!) recelv<!d the degnje of 
A.M. from Dcdaware (Jollr;g(!. In 1851 
he was (decttid amemlxir of th<! American 
Association for tlii! Advancem<!nt of Sci- 
ence, and also a memlierof the Historical 
Society of Baltimore. 

Evans, JJavld E.—Ua was elected 
a Uepres(!ntativ(!, from New York, to the 
Twentieth (/'ongress, but resigned, and 
P. L. Tracy was elected iu his place. 

Evans, David JR.— Horn In West- 

mor(;laii(I, lOiiAcland, February 20, 17*;!); 
and, having niinoved to Soutli (.'arolina, 
was eilucat(!d at Mount Zion Coll(!fre; 
studi(!d law, and (;!uiie to tli<i bar in ITDfJ; 
H(!rv(;d in tlie Stnte Lr-glslature from 1800 
tol80.'{; from 1804 to 1811 was Solicitor 
for the Middle District of Soutli Carolina; 
was a Itepresftntatlve in (>>iigr(!ss, from 
that State, from 181:5 i,o 1815; in 1818 and 
1822 was a nuimber of the State Senate; 
and was for many years the Pr<!sid(Mit of a 
Bible Society, and also of Mount Ziou 
Society. Died March 8, 184:5. 

Evans, fJeorf/e.—Tiorn In Ilallowell, 
Maine, January 12, ]7!)7; graduated at 
Bowdwin College, S<!i)tember :5, 1815; was 
a lawyer by profession ; was Spfiaker of 
the Hous(! of Ucpresentatives of Maine in 
182!); a Uepresentative in Congress from 
1821) to 1841, and United States Senator, 
from Maine, from 1841 to 1847. Krom 184!) 
to 1850 h(! was a (Joinmissloner of the 
Board of (;iai ms agai list M(!X ico ; A ttorney- 
Ceiieral of Maine in 185,5, 1854, and 1850, 
and died in Portland, April G, 1807. Dur- 
ing his service in tlie Senate he served 
with ability as (Miairman of the Commit- 
tee on Commerce. 

Evans, ,Tohn. — He was a Delegate to 
the ContiiM;ntal (.'ongress, from Delaware, 
from 1770 to 1777. 

Evans, .Toshtia. — He was a liepre- 
sentative in (Jongress, from Pennsylvania, 
from 182!) to 183:5. 

Evans, .Tosiah, .Tr. — He was born in 
the District of Marlborough, South f>aro- 
lina, November 27, 1780; he was for a 
time a merchant's clerk, but graduated at 
South Carolina (Joilege In 1808; taught 
school for one year; studied law, and rose 
to a high l<;gal position ; at an early age, 
in 1812, 18i:5, and I8I0, he was sent to the 
Legislature; by that body madr: Solicitor 
for the State from his District, which 



132 



BIOQBAPniCAL BEG0BD8. 



position he held for thirteen years; in 
1830 he was chosen a Judge of the Su- 
preme Court, which office "he held until 
1852, Avhen he was elected to the United 
States Senate for the term endiugin 1859, 
He died May 6, 1858, of disease of the 
heart, having, only an hour before his 
death, been partaking of the hospitalities 
at dinner of his friend and colleague. 
Senator Hammond. He was Chairman of 
the Committees on Revolutionary Claims, 
and on Contingent Expenses of the Sen- 
ate, and also a member of the Committees 
on Patents and on Naval Afi'airs. 

JEvans, Lemuel D. — He was born in 
Tennessee, and was elected a Eepresenta- 
tive, from Texas, to the Thirty-fourth 
Congress. 

Evans, Nathan. — Born in Belmont 
County, Ohio, June 24, 1804; received a 
common-school education, and studied 
law, being admitted to practice in 1831. 
He was Prosecuting Attorney for Guern- 
sey County for four years, and was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from Ohio, from 
1847 to 1849, and now follows his profes- 
sion in Cambridge, Ohio. 

Evans, Thomas. — He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Virginia, from 
•1797 to 1801. 

Eveleigh, Nicholas.— Rq was a Del- 
egate, from South Carolina, to the Conti- 
nental Congress from 1781 to 1782. 

Everett, Edivard. — Born in Dor- 
chester, Massachusetts, April, 1794. He 
received his early education at Boston, 
and entered Harvard College when little 
more than thirteen years old, leaving it 
with first honors four years later, i;ude- 
cided as to a pursuit for life. He turned 
his attention for two years to the profes- 
sion of divinity; but, in 1814, he was in- 
vited to accept the new Professorship of 
Greek Literature at Cambridge, Massachu- 
setts, with permission to visit Europe. 
He accepted the office, and, before enter- 
ing on its duties, embarked at Boston for 
Liverpool. He passed more than two 
years at the famous University of Gottin- 
gen, engaged in the study of the German 
language and the branches of learning 
connected with his department. He 
passed the winter of 1817-18 at Paris. 
The next spring he again visited London, 
and passed a few weeks at Cambridge and 
Oxford. In the autumn of 1818 he re- 
turned to the continent, and divided the 
winter between Florence, Rome, and 
Naples. In the spring of 1819 he made a 
short tour in Greece. He came home in 
1819, and entered at once upon the duties 
of his professorship. Soon after his re- 
turn he became the editor of the "North 
American Review,"a journal which, though 
supported by writers of great ability, had 



acquired only a limited circulation. Un- 
der its new editor the demand increased 
so rapidly that a second and sometimes a 
third edition of its numbers was required. 
In 1824 he delivered the annual oration 
before the Phi-Beta-Kappa Society, at 
Cambridge, Massachusetts. This was 
the first of a series of orations and ad- 
dresses delivered by him on public occa- 
sions of almost every kind during a 
quarter of a century, and afterwards col- 
lected in several volumes. Up to 1824 he 
had taken no active interest in politics, 
but the constituency of Middlesex, Mas- 
sachusetts, without any solicitation on his 
part, returned him to Congress. Eor ten 
years he sat in Congress, and was a work- 
ing member. In 1835 he retired from 
Congress, and was for four successive 
years chosen Governor of Massachusetts. 
In 1841 he was appointed to represent the 
United States at the Court of St. James. 
Although the Secretaryship of State at 
Washington was held by four diflerent 
statesmen, of various politics, during his 
mission, he enjoyed the confidence and 
approbation of all. His scholarship Avas 
recognized by the bestowal of the degree 
of D.C.L. by the Universities of Oxford 
and Cambridge. He i-eturned to America 
in 1845, and was chosen President of Har- 
vard College, which office he resigned in 
1849. On the death of Mr. Webster he 
was appointed Secretary of State by Pres- 
ident Eillmore, which office he I'esigned 
for a seat in the Senate, serving from 
March, 1853, to May, 1854. This position 
he also resigned, after which time, al- 
though leading the quiet life of a scholar, 
he greatly added to his reputation by de- 
livering orations on the Life of Washing- 
ton, and on other topics, all being for 
charitable purposes. He was the intimate 
friend of Daniel Webster, and wrote the 
best Life extant of that distinguished 
man, whose collected writings he edited. 
In 1860 he was nominated by the Union 
party as their candidate for the office of 
Vice-President of the United States, but 
was defeated. Died in Boston, January 
15, 1865. His last public position was 
that of Presidential Elector in 1864. 

Everett, Horace. — A native of Ver- 
mont, was born in 1780; he was a lawyer 
by profession; settled in Windsor, and 
distinguished himself as one of the most 
successful jury advocates in Vermont. 
He served in the State Legislature in 1819, 
1820, 1822, 1823, 1824, and 1834; was 
State's Attorney for Windsor County 
from 1813 to 1817, and was a prominent 
member of the State Constitutional Con- 
vention of 1828. He was a Representa- 
tive in Congress from 1829 to 1843, and had 
the title conferred upon him of Doctor of 
Laws. Died at Windsor, Vermont, Janu- 
ary 30, 1851. 

Everhart, William. — He was born 



I 



BIOGBA'PHICAL BECOEDS. 



133 



in Pennsylvania, and was a Eepresenta- 
tive in Congress, from tiiat State, from 
1853 to 1855. The circumstance is related 
of this gentleman, that it was his misfor- 
tune, many years ago, to be wreclted on 
the coast of Ireland, where he and five 
survivors of the ill-fated vessel were 
treated with great ivindness; and that, 
during the famine in Ireland a few years 
ago, he loaded a ship *vith provisions, at 
his own expense, and sent her to Ireland, 
by way of expressing his gratitude. 

Ewing, Andrew.— He was born in 
Tennessee, and was a Kepresentative in 
Congress from 1849 to 1851. Tooli part 
in the llebcllion. 

Ewing, Edivin IF.— He was born in 
Tennessee, and Avas a Representative in 
Congress, from Tennessee, from 1845 to 
1847. Took part in the Rebellion. 

Ewing, John. — He was born at sea, 
while his pai-ents were on their way fx-om 
Ireland to Baltimore. He was bred to 
mercantile pursuits, but acquired a taste 
for literature. He served in both branches 
of the Legislature of Indiana, and was a 
Representative of that State, in Con- 
gress, from 1833 to 1835, and again from 
1837 to 1839. He died suddenly and 
alone, at Vincennes, in the winter of 1857, 
leaving on his table these lines : — 

" Here lies a man who loved his friends, 
llis God, his country, and Viucennes." 

Ewing, John EE. — He was born in 
Pennsylvania, and was a Representative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1845 to 
1847. 

Ewing, Presley. — Born in Ken- 
tucky, and was a Representative, from 
that State, to tlie Thirty-third Congress ; 
he died at the Mammotli Cave, September 
27, 1854. He was considered one of the 
most promising young men of the State. 
He had been liberally educated, and, before 
entering Congress, had twice served in 
the Legislature of Kentuck}-, and he had 
also travelled extensively in Europe. 

Ewing, Thomas. — He was born near 
West Liberty, Ohio County, Virginia, De- 
cember 28, 1789; he received his early 
education chiefly from an elder sister, and, 
with his father's family, settled in the 
wilds of Ohio, about 1792, where he en- 
joyed the advantages of a winter school 
and an academy; his life, during his youth 
and early manhood, was one of continuous 
toil; in 1814 he was a school-teacher; in 
1815 he received the degree of A.B. from 
the Athens Academy, the first ever granted 
in Ohio; and he studied law and was ad- 
mitted to the bar in 181G, practising with 
success in the courts of Ohio and the 
Supieme Court of the United States. In 
1830 lie was elected to a seat in the United 



States Senate, from Ohio, where he re- 
mained until 1837; he was a member of 
President Harrison's cabinet, as Secretary 
of the Treasury, in 1841 ; on the accession 
of President Taylor to the Presidency, in 
1849, he was invited into the cabinet, and 
took charge of the new Department of the 
Interior; and, in 1850, he was appointed 
to a seat in the United States Senate, 
where he remained until 1851, when he 
retired from political life, and resumed 
the practice of his profession in Ohio. 
He was a Delegate to tlie "Peace Congress" 
of 18G1 ; and also chosen a Delegate to 
the Philadelphia- " National Union Con- 
vention " in 18G6, but did not take part in 
its proceedings. 

Ewing, William L. 2>.— He was a 
Senator in Congress by appointment, from 
Illinois, from 183G to 1837. Died March 
25, 184G, aged fifcy-one years, while hold- 
ing the office of State Auditor. 

Faii^fleld, John. — Born in Saco, 
Maine, January 30, 1797. He received a 
common-school education, studied law, 
and was admitted to the bar in 1820. In 
1832 he was appointed Reporter of the 
Decisions of the Supreme Court; from 
1835 to 1839 he was a Representative iu 
Congress, from Maine ; he was Governor 
of the State during the years 1839, 1840, 
1842, and 1843 ; and he was elected a Sen- 
ator in Congress, in 1843, to fill a vacancy, 
and in 1845 was re-elected for a term of 
six years; but he died at Washington, 
December 24, 1847, after a surgical oper- 
ation for the relief of a local complaint. 

Faran, James J. — He was born in 
Ohio, residing at Cincinnati, and was a 
Representative, from Ohio, to the Thirti- 
eth Congress. 

Farelly, John W. — He was the son 

of Patrick, named below, and was born in 
Meadville, Pennsylvania, in July, 1809; 
was a member of the State Legislature in 
1828; a State Senator from 1838 to 1841; 
a Representative in Congress, from that 
State, from 1847 to 1849; "and Sixth Audi- 
tor of the Treasury, from 1849 to 1853. 

Farelly, Patric7c.—Born in Ireland 
in 17G0; was a lawyer by profession, and 
was a Representative in Congress, from 
Pennsylvania, from 1821 to 1826. Died 
January 12, 1826, at Meadville, Pennsyl- 
vania, before the expiration of his term 
in Congress. 

Farlee, Isaac 6?.— He was born in 
New Jersey, and was a Representative in 
Congress, "from that State, from 1843 to 
1845. 

Farley, E. Wilder.— Tie was born 
in Maine, in 1818; graduated at Bowdoin 
College in 1836 ; studied law, and was ia 



134 



BIOGItAriTlCAL BECOBDS. 



the Stnte Legislature in 1845; and from 
1S51 to 185:1; and was a Uopi'osoutativo in 
Congress, IVom Maine, from 18.');> to 1855. 
lie also served in tlie State Senate iii 185G. 

JFarlin, l)u<nt'!/.—\\i> was a llepre- 
senlaflve in Ct)ni;ivss, from Now Yorlc, 
IVom 18;j5 to 18i>7, and died at Warrens- 
burg, New York, September 20, 18117. 

FifrnftirorfJi, fTohn F.— Was born 
in tlu' townsliip oi I'aton, Lower (^inada, 
Mareli L'7, 1820; is a lawyer l\v profession, 
and was u Kepreseutativo to tiio 'I'liirty- 
llttli Congress, tVoin Illinois, and was a 
inemi>er of tlie Committee on Kovolntion- 
ary Pensions. He was also re-eleeteil to 
tlie Tliirty-sixtli Congress, and in 18(i2 to 
the Thlrty-eiglHli Congress, serving on 
the Committee on JNlilltary Atfairs. In 
18(!1 he took part in the war as a Colonel 
of Volnnteers. lie raised and took into 
the Held the Eighth Uegimeiit oi Illinois 
Cavalry, serving in the Army of the Toto- 
mnc until 18l);>; and in 18(!;> anil 18(U he 
raised the Seventeenth Kegiment of Illi- 
nois Volunteers by order of the War De- 
partment. He was hrevetted a lirigadier- 
Ceneral in 18t'c'. Ke-eleeted to the Thir- 
ty -ninth Congress, serving i>n the Com- 
mittee on Appropriations, and as a Kegent 
of the Smithsonian Institution; and on 
the Committees on the South Carolina 
^lurders, ami Keeoustrnetion. He was a 
Delegate to the Pittsburg " Soldiers' t\>u- 
veutiou " of 18lU') ; and was ro-eierteil to the 
Fortieth Congress, serving on the Com- 
mittees on Keeonstruetion and the I'ost- 
Oniee. 

Favquhar, tTohn Jf.— He was born 
in Frederiek County, jMaryland, Deeem- 
ber I'O, 1818; removed to Imliana with 
Ids father's family in 18;>;>; from 18;>7 to 
1810 he served his adopted St;ite as a Civil 
Fugineer; studied law and praetised the 
profession; in 1842 and 18t;> he was See- 
retary of the Indiana Senate; was Chief 
Clerk of the State House of Kepresenta- 
tives in 1814; was a rresiileutial Eleetor 
in 18i!0, and in 1801 he was eommissioned 
a Captain in the Nineteenth I'nited States 
Infantry, in whieh eapaeiiy lie served un- 
til 18i;4, when he resigned, and was eleeted 
a Ixepresentative Aoiu Indiana to the 
Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the 
Committees on the Post Olllee and Post 
Koads, and on the Militia. 

Faf'vhujton, Jamca. — He was born 
in New Ibuupshire in 17i>l, and was a 
Kepresentative in Congress, ft-om that 
State, IVom 1837 to 18oil. He was also a 
member of the State Legislature in 1830, 
1832, and 1833. Pied at Koehester, New 
York, Oetober 21), 1850. 

Farrow, Samuel. — Vn-^vn in Vir- 
ginia in 17i!0; served in the Kovolntion- 
ai"y war, and was wounded; studied law. 



and was admitted to tlie bar in 1703; wag 
eleeted to Congress frt)m South (^aroliua 
as a Ivepresentative for the terms from 
1813 to 1817, but resigned in 181(>; served 
in the State Leglslaturo from 1817 to 1821; 
and died at Columbia, November IS, 1824. 

Farwell, NafJian .4.— Tic was born 
In the town of Unity, Maine, in 1812, and 
received a pubiierscliool education; was 
eleeted to tlie State Legislature in 18G0, 
18l>3, and 18(14; was a member of the State 
Senate in 1853, 1854, 18(!1, and 18t')2, pro- 
siding as Presiilent of that body during 
the latter year; was also a Delegate to 
the llaltlmore Convention in 18(!4; and in 
Oetober of that year he was appointed, 
and soon afterwards elected, u Senator in 
Congress, from Maine, for the unexpired 
term of William P. Fessenden, who had 
resigned, taking his seat during the sec- 
ond session of the Thirty-eighth Ctmgress. 
He was also a Delegate to tlie Pliiladel- 
phia " Loyalists' Convention " of 18Gt!. 

FauUcner, CJiarles J". —Born in 
Ilerkeley Ct>uiity, Virginia, about the year 
1805. He received a collegiate eilueation; 
came to the bar in 1820; was, in 1832 and 
1833, elected to the House of Delegates; 
sv)on afterwanis appointed a Commissioner 
to report upon the boundary between Vir- 
ginia and JMaryland; in 1841 was elected 
to the Senate of Virginia, anil in 1848 was 
again eleeted to the House of Delegates; 
in 1850 was a member of the Convention 
formed to revise the Constitution of the 
State, and having, in 1851, been elected a 
Kepresentative in Congress, was re-elect- 
ed to each snecessive Congress, and was, 
during the tirst session of the Thirty-lifth 
Congress, a member of the Connnittee to 
Inquire into the Sale of the Port Snelliug 
Keservation; also serving on the Com- 
mittee on iMilitary Atlairs. and in a subse- 
quent (.\>ngress was Chairman of the 
Committee on Military Atfairs. In Jan- 
uary, 181)0, he was appointed by Presi- 
dent Buchanan Minister to France. Ho 
returned to America in 18l'>l, was suspect- 
ed of disloyalty, imprisoned at Fort War- 
ren, and excliaugeil for Hon. Alfred Ely 
in December of that year. 

Faff, Francis B. — lie was born in 
Massachusetts; was a member of the 
Massachusetts Senate in 1842 and 1845; 
Mayor of (Mielsea in 1857 ; and a Kepre- 
sentative in Congress, from Massachu- 
setts, IVom 1852 to 1853. 

Faj/, tlohn. — He was born in Worces- 
ter County, Massachusetts, and was a 
Kepresentative in Congress, from New 
York, from 1810 to 182L 

Fearing, Faul.—Tiorn in Warehara, 
Massaclnusttts, February 28. 17l>2; grad- 
uated at Harvard University in 1785 ; stud- 
ied law, and emigrated to Ohio, whore be 



DIOGEAnilCAL ItECORDS. 



135 



became distinguished in his profession. 
He settled in Marietta in 1788, after per- 
forrainijthe journey from Baltimore over 
the niouutaius on foot. Soon after Ills 
arrival he was appointed United States 
Attorney for Wasiiington County, in that 
Territory. In 1797 he was appointed 
Jud.^e of Proljate for his county, and in 
180i was chosen a Delegate to Congress, 
serving until 1803. In 1814 he was ap- 
pointed Master Commissioner in Chan- 
cery, and from 1810 to 1817 was Judge in 
one of the State Courts. In 1808 he en- 
gaged extensively in the raising of Meri- 
no sheep, producing the best description 
of wool, and stimulating others to unite 
in the business. He died August 21, 
1822. 

Featherston, TV. S.—Uc was born 
in Tennessee, and, on taking up his resi- 
dence in Mississippi, was elected a Rep- 
resentative in Congress from 1847 to 1851. 
Took part in the llebellion of 18G1 as a 
Brigadier-General. 

Fetch, Alpheus.— Born in Limerick, 

York County, Maine, September 28, 180(>. 
He graduated at Bovvdoin College, and 
adopted the law as a profession. He emi- 
grated to Michigan when quite young; 
was a member of the State Legislature in 
183G and 1837 ; was appointed Bank Com- 
missioner of Michigan in 1838, and re- 
signed in 1839; for a short time in 1842 
was Auditor-General of the State, but re- 
linquished that position for a seat on the 
bench of the Supreme Courtof Micliigan; 
in 1845 he Avas elected Governor of Mich- 
igan, and having resigned in 1847, wjfs 
elected a Senator in Congress for six 
years. He was appointed by President 
Pierce one of the Commissioners to settle 
Land Claims in California, under the Act 
of Congress and the Treaty of Guada- 
lupe Hidalgo, in March, 1853 ; the business 
of which commission was closed by dis- 
posing of all the cases before it in March, 
185G, since which time he has lived in re- 
tirement. He was also a Delegate to the 
" Chicago Convention " of 1804. 

Felder, John Ji".— Born in Orange- 
burg District, South Carolina, July 7, 
1782; graduated at Yale College in 1804; 
studied law, and was admitted to the bar 
in 1808; was a member of the State As- 
sembly in 1812, and subsequently of the 
Senate ; was a Trustee of South Carolina 
College ; and served as a Major of Militia; 
and was a Representative in Congress, 
from South Carolina, from 1831 to 1835. 
Died at Union Point September 1, 1851. 

Fell, tToJm.—Uc vvas a Delegate from 
New Jcn-soy to tiie Continental Congress 
from 1778 to 1780. 

Fenner, tfaines. — Born in Provi- 
dence, Rhode Island, in 1771 ; graduated 



at Brown University in 1780, from which 
Institution he received the de<i;rec of 
LL.D. He was for more than half a cen- 
tury actively connected witli tlie public 
affairs of his native State; was United 
States Senator from 1805 to- 1807, whoi» he 
was elected Governor of Rhode Island, 
which ofllce lie held four years ; vvas re- 
elected in 1824, and served seven years, 
and was again elected in 1841 ; was a 
Presidential Elector, in 1821, 1827, and 
1837; and was President of tiio Conven- 
tion that formed the State Constitution 
in 1842. He died in Providence, April 17, 
184G. 

Fenton, Meuhen F. — Born in Car- 
roll, Chatauque County, New York, July 
1, 1819; was educated at Pleasant Hill and 
Fredonia Academies, and adopted the pro- 
fession of law, but pursued the mercantile 
business. In 1843 he was elected Super- 
visor of the town of Carroll. He was 
elected a Representative, in the Thirty- 
third and Thirty-fifth Congresses, from 
New York, serving on the Committee on 
Private Land Claims ; was re-elected to 
the Thirty-sixth Congress, serving as 
Chairman of the Committee on Invalid 
Pensions ; was also elected to tiie Thirty- 
seventh Congress, serving as Ciiairman of 
the Committee on Claims. Re-elected to 
the Thirty-eighth Congress, serving on the 
Committee on Ways and Means, which 
position he resigned to accept the Gov- 
ernorship of New York for 18G5 and 18G6, 
to which he had been elected. Re-elected. 

Ferguson, Fenner. — Born in Rens- 
selaer County, New York, April 25, 1814. 
His education was academic, and he is a 
lawyer by profession ; he was Master in 
Cliancery in Albany, New York, in 1844; 
also Master in Cliancery in Micliigau; a 
member of the Michigan Legislature, and 
Prosecuting Attorney. June 29, 1854, he 
was appointed by President Pierce Chief 
Justice of the Territory of Nebraska, 
which office he resigned, after being 
elected a Delegate to the Thirty-fifth Con- 
gress from that Territory. Died at Bel- 
levue, Nebraska Territory, in November, 
1859. 

Ferris, Charles G. — He was born in 
New York, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1841 to 
1843. 

Fe7'riss, Orange. — He was born at 
Glen's Falls, Warren County, New York, 
November 2G, 1814; graduated at the 
University of "Vermont in 183G; studied 
law and came to the- bar in 1840. In 1841 
he was appointed Surrogate of his county 
for four years; in 1851 he was elected 
under the new constitution Judge of War- 
ren County, and twice re-elected, holding 
the office twelve years in all. Towards 
the close of the Rebellion he was appointed 



136 



BIOGBAFHIOAL BFCOBDS*. 



Provost Marshal for his district, but de- 
clined, and in 18G6 he was elected a Rep- 
resentative from New York to the Fortieth 
Congress, serving on the Committees on 
Eevislon of Laws, Mines and Mining, and 
Weights and Measures. 

Ferry, Orris S. — Born in Bethel, 
Connecticut, August 15, 1823; graduated 
at Yale College in 1844 ; studied law, and 
was admitted to the bar in 184 G. In 1847 
he received the appointment of Lieuten- 
ant-Colonel of the First Division Con- 
necticut Militia; in 1849 was appointed 
Judge of Probate for the District of Nor- 
"vvalk ; elected to the State §enate in 1855 
and 1850 ; in 1856 he was appointed State's 
Attorney for the County of Fairfield, which 
position he continued to occupy until 1859, 
when he was elected a Representative to 
the Thirty-sixth Congress from Connect- 
icut, serving as a member of the Commit- 
tee on Revolutionary Claims, and the Spe- 
cial Committee of thirty-three on the 
Rebellious States. He served with dis- 
tinction as a Colonel and Brigadier-Geu- 
erel in the war for the Union, and in 18G6 
he was elected a Senator in Congress for 
the term commencing March, 18G7, and 
ending in 1873. He was also a Delegate 
to the Philadelphia " Loyalists' Conven- 
tion "of 18G6andofthe " Soldiers' Conven- 
tion " held at Pittsburg. The Committees 
upon which he served were those on Pri- 
vate Land Claims, Patents and the Patent 
Office, Public Buildings and Grounds, 
and Territories. 

Ferry, Thomas TV. — He was born 
in Mackinac, Michigan, June 1, 1827; was 
self-educated; has ever been occupied in 
business affairs. In 1850 he was elected 
to the State Legislature; to the State 
Senate in 1856 ; for eight years he was an 
active member of the Republican State 
Committee ; was a Delegate at large to the 
"Chicago Convention" of 1860, and a Vice- 
President; was appointed in 1863 Com- 
missioner for Michigan of the Soldiers' 
National Cemetery at Gettysburg; and in 
1864 was elected a Representative from 
Michigan to the Thirty-ninth Congress, 
serving on the Committees on the Post 
Office and Post Roads, the Militia, and the 
War Debts of Loyal States. He was also 
a Delegate to the Philadelphia '-Loyalists' 
Convention " of 186G ; and was re-elected 
to the Fortieth Congress, serving on the 
Committee on Naval Affairs. 

Fessenden, Samuel C— Was born 

in New Gloucester, Maine, March 7, 1815; 
graduated at Bowdoin College in 1834, and 
completed his education at the Bangor 
Theological Seminary in 1837; in 1838 he 
Avas ordained and installed as Pastor of the 
Second Congregational Church, in Thom- 
aston, now Rockland, and dismissed, at 
his own request, in 1856; daring that year 
he established the "Maine Evangelist ; " in 



1858 he entered upon the practice of law; 
soon after taking that step he was elected I 
Judge of the Municipal Court of Rockland ; f 
and he was elected a Representative from 
Maine to the Thirty-seventh Congress, 
serving as a member of the Committees 
on the District of Columbia, Government 
Employes, and Unfinished I3usiness. In 
1865 he was appointed a member of the 
Board of Examiners of the Patent Olflce. 

Fessenden, T. A. D. — Was born in 
Portland, Maine, January 23, 1826 ; gradu- 
ated at Bowdoin College in 1845; adopted 
the profession of law; was a member of 
the Convention that nominated General 
Fremont for President; in 185:J was ap- 
pointed Aide-de-camp to the Governor of 
Maine; in 1860 was elected to the Maine 
Legislatui-e ; and in 1861 was chosen At- 
torney for the County of Androscoggin, 
which position he held until 1862, when 
he was elected a Representative from 
Maine to the Thirty-seventh Congress for 
the unexpired term of C. W. Walton, re- 
signed, serving on the Committee on Pri- 
vate Land Claims. 

Fessenden, William Pitt. — Born 

at Boscawen, New Hampshire, October 16, 
1803; graduated at Bowdoin College in 
1823; studied law, and was admitted to 
the bar in Portland in 1827, where he has 
continued the practice to the present time ; 
was a member of the Maine Legislature in 
1832, and re-elected in 1840; was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from 1841 to 1843, 
declining further service ; was again in the 
State Legislature in 1845 and 1846, and re- 
elected in 1853 and 1854; and was elected 
a Senator in Congress for six years, from 
March, 1853, serving as a member of the 
Committee on Finance ; and in 1859 was 
re-elected for the term of six years, serv- 
ing as Chairman of the Committee on Fi- 
nance, on the Library Committee, and also 
as a Regent of the Smithsonian Institution. 
He was a member, in 1832, of the Conven- 
tion which nominated Henry Clay for 
President, and also of the Conventions 
that nominated Generals Ta}dorand Scott. 
During the summer of 1858 the degree of 
LL.D. was conferred upon him by Bow- 
doin College, of which institution he is a 
Trustee. He was also a member of the 
" Peace Congress " of 1861. In July, 1804, 
he was appointed, by President Lincoln, 
Secretary of the Treasury, in the place of 
S. P. Chase, I'esigned ; and soon afterwards 
received from Harvard Unis'-ersity the de- 
gree of LL.D. In 1864 he was re-elected 
a Senator in Congress for the term com- 
mencing in 1865 and ending in 1871. He 
resigned his position in the cabinet and 
again took his seat in the Senate, March 
4, 1865, and was again placed at the head 
of the Committee on Finance. At the 
succeeding session of Congress ho was 
made Chairman of the Special Joint Com- 
mittee on Ilecoustructiou, so called, and 



BIOGBAPniCAL BEOOBDS. 



137 



was the author of the Report of that Com- 
iQittcs rccoiTiiuaadiiig an Amendment to 
the Constitution. He Avas also a member 
of the Committee on Foreign llelations 
anil a^rain of tliat on the Library, and 
was made Chairman of the Committee on 
rublic Buildings and Grounds. 

Feiv, JFllllam.— Born in Maryland 
Juni; 8, 1748. AVhen he was ten years of 
age he removed with his father to North 
Carolina, where he received a good edu- 
cation. He was a Colonel in the Revolu- 
tionary army, and distiuguisiied himself 
in several actions with the British and 
Indians. He settled in Georgia in 1776, 
and ia 1778 was Surveyor-General of the 
State, and Presiding Judge of the Rich- 
raon I C juaty Court; in 1780 he was sent 
as Delegate to Congress, and remained in 
that body until the peace ; and was again 
appointed in 1786; and in the next year 
he assisted in forming the National Con- 
stitution, which he duly signed; after the 
adopLi )n of which, he was elected a Sen- 
ator in Con2;ress, serving from 1789 to 
1703; in 1793 he was a member of the 
Convention which framed the Constitu- 
tion of the State of Georgia, and subse- 
quently served three years upon the 
Bench, as well as in the Legislature of 
that State. He resided during his latter 
years in the City of New York, of which 
lie WIS Mayor, and whence he went to the 
Legislature of that State, and where he 
also held the office of Commissioner of 
Loans. He died at Fishkill, New York, 
July IG, 18:i8. 

Flchlln, Orlando B.—A native of 
Kentucky, and born in 1808; he received 
a plain English education; studied law, 
and graduated at the Transylvania Law- 
School, commencing to practise in 1830, 
in Mjiint Carmel, Illinois. In 1834 he 
was a member of the Legislature, and 
was Attorney for the Wabash Circuit 
in 18:55. In 1838 and in 1842 was again 
elected to the Legislature; and in 1843 
was elected a Representative in Congress, 
from Illinois, serving six consecutive 
years, and was re-elected in 1850. In 
1853 he was Colonel of Militia; since 
which time he has been engaged in the 
practice of his profession and in agricul- 
tural pursuits. In 1856 he was a Presi- 
dential Elector. 

Field, Tticliard S.—'Rg was born in 
New Jersey, and held a seat in the United 
States Senate, from that State, for a few 
months, in 18G2-'G3, by appointment, in 
place of J. R. Thompson, deceased, when 
he was appointed, by President Lincoln, 
Judge of the District Court of the United 
States of New Jersey. He was also a 
Delegate to the Philadelphia "Loyalists' 
Convention" of 18G6. 



Fields, William C— He was born in 
the City of New York, February 13, 1804; 
received a common-school education; 
adopted tlie business of a merchant and a 
manufacturer; was for three years Clerk 
of Otsego County, sixteen years a Justice 
of the Peace in the Town of Laurens and 
subsequently Supervisor of the town; and 
in 1866 he was elected a Representative 
from New York, to the Fortieth Congress, 
serving on the Committees on Agriculture 
and Accounts. 

Fillntore, 3Iillard. — Born January 
7, 1800, at Summer Hill, Cayuga County, in 
the State of New York. At an early age 
he was sent to Livingston County, at that 
time a wild region, to learn the clothier's 
trade, and about four mouths later he was 
apprenticed to a wool-carder, in the town 
in which his father lived. During the four 
years that he worked at his trade he did 
what he could to supply the defects of his 
early education. At the age of nineteen 
he commenced the study of law, and de- 
voted a portion of his time to teaching 
school. In 1821 he removed to Erie Coun- 
ty, and pursued his legal studies in the 
City of Buffalo. Two years later he was 
admitted to the Common Pleas, and com- 
menced the practice of the law at Aurora, 
in the same county. In 1827 he was ad- 
mitted as an Attorney, and in 1829 as a 
Counsellor in the Supreme Court, and in 
the following year he removed to Buffalo. 
His political life commenced with his elec- 
tion to the State Assembly, in which he 
took his seat in 1829. In 1832 he was 
elected to Congress, and took his seat in 
the following year. In 1835, at the close 
of his term in office, he resumed the prac- 
tice of the law, but was re-elected to Con- 
gress in 1837. During this term he took 
a more prominent part in the business of 
the House than during his former terra, 
and was assigned a place on the Commit- 
tee on Elections. He was successively re- 
elected to the Twenty-sixth and Twenty- 
seventh Congresses. At the close of the 
first session of the Twenty-seventh Con- 
gress, he declined a re-election, returned 
to Buffalo, and again devoted himself to 
his profession. In 1847 he was elected to 
the office of Comptroller of the State. In 
1848 he was nominated by the Whigs as 
their candidate for "Vice-President, and 
elected to that office in the autumn of the 
same year. In March, 1849, he resigned 
his office of Comptroller, to assume the 
duties of his new position, where he re- 
mained until the death of President Ta}^- 
lor, in July, 1850, by which he was elevated 
to the Presidential chair. His term of 
office expired March 4, 1852. Since his 
retirement from public life he has visited 
Europe. 

Finch, Isaac— lie was a native of 
New York ; a member of the Assembly of 



13S 



M10&:BAfSICAL SECONDS. 



ZA-JSi Srax'? -.>! 1*2? snd 1?2J 



:l^l:j«r. 






was 

-IS i 






:3. 






7BIfdIa.Jr 







of tie 






ilaOa so 1*1" 






.j.y 
Toe 









IzreoE Cooirr 



BIOGBAPniCAL BECOEDS. 



139 



mi::-. I : j ::.-. or Ij .-4: : ;- 

of l:-rpr^::rci.i-:lve=- : in 1:^- 
Secretary of State of I 
l64i» lie Vrer*: !-to tbe ?t:.T' 
St Wa- • 
SecrfT :. 



l^ 

er- 

tv 

a- 
Ai; 
tj 



Ftfzrjerald. Tfini^m. — He was bora 

1 1S31 to 

. "~ "tee 



Fitzhugli. JFlIJiam. — HewasaDel- 

ezat^ X'j ue Ccntinentil Coi:xres5. Iroin 



r - 



Fisk. Jam^s.—l 



17' 



Termcc: ; 
tolM:. - - 

Jnd^es of i_r - :7„t . . ^; 
He was a ScZ :. : : . : _ - - 1 - : - 
years 1*17 and 151^, ::-_ 
1612 lie was appointed '•: 7 d 
isoo Ju-I't ::" :dT Ter: ;: 
and in 1 : - " ! d ; : : : : _ 
barg. Tr_.:_ :ii:: _i _-_d 
He died I>ecemi:>er 1. I>i4. 



in ihil v^ 



.—He was a E. 
from Xew i 



Fish, Jo 

&eiiia::ve v- 
f rom 1 - ' ' - 

ISIO, TT 

AttorLcT .;. 
York. 



Fiich. Asa. — He was a Ee; 

tive in Cousress, from 2s ew T; 
ISll to Ijisr 

Fitfh. G. 3'.— Bo— - Ir d 
esee C-onnrr. New y ; ^ _ 

1?:?. He :^ce:ved dd 



L 1^5-3, to lae 
-i-iinsia 1S51; 
iuil"ebiaarr. ls§l, 
Beb^^km of \haX 
d r ~ Le serred as 
T -Tiate. He was 
: _ : ::-"-dia "Xa- 



Chicago, Illinois, from 1544 to 

1S44, 1*-^ ■ 1S56. lie was 

Presic : : or, and in ISf. 

was ed ; 

He w.Ai a 1 

flrom that S : 

1S57 was cd: ^eI. - ; : ;" d 

States for the te: . :. _ 

as a meiiiNcr of . . 

O^ces and Post d 

fairs. He was ;. - . 

Philadelphia -^Nauoaal UiikHi 

tion ■" of l>t»6. 



Fitzsimk»HSa Thtna-a^. — He was a 
l>eles3f»e to tfce Co*itiTjeDt.ai Cor-sress, 
d .:. rzimsfhEaBii. ": " - '.'-' 
er <rf' the C 



^Islamre o: 1 _ 
"itiTe in Congress. 
1549 to 1?>3. and in 

; : :;" :de United 
- 1. serring 



UJfU -U 

Hews 



T Trears. 
r'lcvrai- 

_r roto- 



r: 



Hfz^eralil. Thontas. — n 
lawyer by profession; served i:: 



140 



BIOGBAPIIICAL BECORDS. 



he was connected until 18G1; durins; tliat 
year he vvas elected to the State Legisla- 
ture; spent two years in tlie United States 
Branch Mint; was appointed, in 18G2, 
Register of tlie Humboldt Bay Land Of- 
fice, which lie resigned, and then he re- 
moved to Washington Territory, from 
which he was elected a Delegate to the 
Fortieth Congress. 

Flanders, Benjamin 1^.— Born in 

Bristol, New Hampshire, January 2G, 1816; 
graduated at Dartmouth College in 184:2; 
studied law and settled in New Orleans; 
taught school iu that city for a time, and 
became tlie editor of the " Tropic" newspa- 
j)er; served as a member of the city gov- 
ernment; was superintendent of a public 
school, and also of a railroad company; 
and towards the close of tlie year 1801 he 
was elected, under a new order of tilings, 
a Representative, from Louisiana, to the 
Thirty-seventli Congress, taking his seat 
within a fortnight of its final adjournment. 
In 18S7 he wns appointed by military au- 
thority. Governor of Louisiana, supersed- 
ing J. M. Wells, having previously held a 
special appointment under the Treasury 
Department. 

Fleintnhig, William. — He was a 

Delegate from Virginia to the Continental 
Congress from 1779 to 1781. 

Fletcher, Isaac. — He was formerly 
a member of the Vermont Legislature, and 
a member of Congress, from that State, 
from 1837 to 1841. He died at Lyndon, 
Vermont, October 19, 1842. 

FletcJier, JZichard. — He was born 

In Cavendish, Vermont, January 8, 1788; 
'graduated at Dartmouth College in ISOG; 
served in the Legislature of Massachu- 
setts; was a Judge of the Supreme Court 
from 1848 to 1853; and a Representative 
in Congress, from Massachusetts, from 
1837 to 1839. 

Fletcher, Thomas. — He was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from Kentucky, 
from 181G to 1817. 

Florence, Ellas. — He was born in 

Virginia; and. having taken up his resi- 
dence in Ohio, was elected a Representa- 
tive in Congress from 1843 to 1845. 

Florence, Thomas B. — Born in 
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, January 2G, 
1812. He had not tlie benefit of a college 
education; for a time he devoted himself 
to the occupation of a hatter; he publish- 
ed and edited, for several years, a Demo- 
cratic newspaper; was nine years Secre- 
tary of the Board of Controllers of Public 
Schools in Pennsylvania; and vvas elected 
to Congress in 1850, where he served con- 
tinuously until 1859, acting as a member 
of the Committees on Naval Affairs and 



Invalid Pensions. He was also re-elected 
to the Thirty-sixth Congress ; and while 
occupying his seat as a Representative, 
established In Washington the " National 
Democratic Review," and subsequently ed- 
ited the " Constitutional Union" in Wash- 
ington. He was also a Delegate to the 
Philadelphia "National Union Conven- 
tion " of 18G6. 

Flournoy, Thomas S. — He was 

born in Virginia, and was a Representa- 
tive in Congress, from that State, from 
1847 to 1849. He participated in the great 
Rebellion, and was killed in battle in Vir- 
ginia in June, 1864. 

Floyd, Charles A.— He was born in 
New York, served in the Assembly of that 
State in 1836 and 1838, and was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from 1841 to 1843. 

Floyd, John. — Born in Virginia, Oc- 
tober 3, 17G9. In consequence of the 
pecuniary losses of his fiither, he learned 
the trade of a carpenter, and in 1791 re- 
moved to Georgia, and acquired wealth 
from the manufacture of boats. He served 
in the State Legislature, and was a Rep- 
resentative of Georgia, in Congress, from 
1827 to 1829. He was a Brigadier-General 
of Militia, and subsequently Major-Gener- 
al, and served during the war of 1812. He 
died in Camden County, Georgia, June 24, 
1839. 

Floyd, tTohnt. — Was born in JeflTerson. 
County. Virginia, and was a Representa- 
tive in Congress, from Virginia, from 1817 
to 1829 ; served many years in the Legis- 
lature of that State, and was Governor of 
Virginia from 1829 to 1834. He died at 
the'Sweet Springs, in that State, August 
16, 1837. 

Floyd, John G. — He was a native of 
New York, served in the Assembly of that 
State, and was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from the same, from 1839 to 1843, 
and from 1851 to 1853. 

Floyd, William. — He was born in 
Suffolk County, New York, December 17, 
1734 ; was a Delegate to the Continental 
Congress, from 1774 to 1783, and signed 
the Declaration of Independence ; was a 
Representative in Congress, from New 
Y^ork, from 1789 to 1791 ; a Presidential 
Elector in 1800, 1804, and 1820 ; and for 
three years a member of the New York 
State Senate ; in 1801 he was a member of 
the State Constitutional Convention. He 
died in Oneida County, New York, August 
4, 1821. 

Flugler, Thomas T.— He wasboi-n 
in New York, served in the Assembly of 
that State in 1842 and 1843, and was a 
Representative in Congress from 1853 to 
1857. 



BIOGEAPHICAL BECOBDS, 



141 



Fogg, George 0.—\\c was born in 
MtTcdiili, Belknap County, New Hamp- 
shire, May 26, 1815; graduated at Dart- 
mouth Colle|;:e in 1839; soon afterwards 
became Principal of the Hebron Academy ; 
■was subsequently Professor of English 
Literature in the New Hampton Academi- 
cal Institution, studying law at the same 
time ; and after a course of study at the 
Cambridge Law School he was admitted 
to the bar in 1842. After practising for 
some years in Gilmanton, he was elected 
in 1846 to the State Legislature, and soon 
afterwards Secretary of State, when he 
became editor of the " Independent Dem- 
ocrat," with which he has ever since been 
connected. In 1855 he was appointed Ke- 
porter of the Decisions of the Supreme 
Judicial Court of the State, which he re- 
signed in 1859; in 1856 he was appointed 
Clerk of the Congressional Committee 
sent out by the House of Kepresentatives 
to Kansas ; was a Delegate to the " Buflalo 
Free Soil Convention " of 1848 ; the 
" Pittsburg Convention " of 1852 ; the 
" Philadelphia Republican Convention" of 
1856; and to tlie "Chicago Convention" 
of 1860; was a member of the Republican 
National Committee from 1856 to 1864, 
and Secretary of said Committee during 
the canvass for the re-election of Presi- 
dent Lincoln in 1860; in 1861 he was ap- 
pointed by President Lincoln Minister 
Resident to Switzerland, returning in No- 
vember 1865 ; and in 1866 he was appointed 
a Senator in Congress, from New Hamp- 
shire, in the place of D. Clark, resigned; 
serving on the^Committees on Foreign Af- 
fairs, Claims, and Revolutionary Claims. 
He was also a Delegate to tlie Philadelphia 
"Loyalists' Convention" of 1866. 

Foley, tfatnes B. — He was born in 

Kentucky, and, having taken up his resi- 
dence in Indiana, was elected a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from that State, in 
1827, and was a member of the Commit- 
tees on Agriculture and Expenditures in 
the Post Office Department. 

Folger, Walter. — He was born at 
Nantucket, Massachusetts ; was a direct 
descendant of Benjamin Franklin; was a 
member of the Massachusetts Senate from 
1800 to 1815, and also in 1822; and was a 
Representative in Congress, from that 
State, from 1817 to 1831. 

Folsom, Nathaniel. — He was a Del- 
egate from New Hampshire to the Conti- 
nental Conaress, in 1774, 1775, 1777, 1778, 
1779, and 1780. 

Foot, Samuel ^.— Born in Cheshire, 
Connecticut, November 8, 1780; graduated 
at Yale College in 1797, and commenced 
the practice of law in his native town. He 
was chosen a Representative in Congress, 
from Connecticut, in 1819, 1823, and 1833; 
was Speaker of the Connecticut House of 



Representatives in 1825 and 1826 ; and Sen- 
ator in Congress, from 1827 to 1833, serv- 
ing as Chairman of the Committee on Pen- 
sions. In 1834 he was elected Governor 
of the State, and in 1844 he was a Presi- 
dential Elector. He died September 16, 
1846. He it was who ottered, on the floor 
of Congress, the famous resolutions, upon 
which was founded the great debate be- 
tween Hayne and Webster. 

Foote, Solomon, — He was born in 
Cornwall, Addison County, Vermont, No- 
vember 19, 1802; graduated at Middlebury 
College in 1826; was for one year the 
Principal of Castleton Academy, and for a 
time a Tutor in the University of Vermont, 
and Professor of Natural Piiilosophy in 
the Vermont Academy of Medicine; stud- 
ied law and came to the bar in 1831, set- 
tling in Rutland, where he always resided. 
He was a member of the Vermont Legis- 
lature in 1833, 1836, 1837, 1838, and 1847; 
Avas Speaker of the House during his last 
three terms ; was a member, in 1836, of 
the Convention for altering the State Con- 
stitution; and was a State Attorney from 
1836 to 1842. He was a Representative 
in Congress from 1843 to 1847; and was 
elected a Senator in Congress, from Ver- 
mont, for the term commencing in 1851 
and ending 1857, serving on the Commit- 
tees on Foreign Aftairs and the Pacific 
Railroad, and as Chairman of tlie Commit- 
tee on Public Buildings and Grounds. He 
was re-elected to the Senate for the term 
ending in 1863 ; also for a third term, end- 
ing in 1869, continuing at the head of his 
old Committee, and as a member of those 
on Foreign Relations, Pensions, and Com- 
merce. He was also a member of the 
National Committee appointed to accom- 
pany the remains of President Lincoln to 
Illinois. During a part of the Thirty- 
sixth, the whole of the Thirty-seventh, and 
a part of the Thirty-eighth Congresses, 
he was President pro tern, of the Senate. 
He was also a Delegate to the " Baltimore 
Convention" in 1864. Died in Washington, 
March 28, 1866, deeply lamented. 

Foote, Charles A, — He was bom in 

New York, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1823 to 
1825. Died in Delaware County, August 
1, 1828. 

Foote, JEEenry S. — He was born in 
Fauquier County, Virginia, September 20, 
1800, and was educated at Washington 
College, in that State; studied law, was 
admitted to the bar, and settled in Ala- 
bama in 1824; in 1826 he removed to Mis- 
sissippi, and there continued the practice 
of his profession; was a Presidential 
Elector in 1844; was elected, in 1847, a 
Senator in Congress, where he remained 
until 1852, ofliciating as Chairman of the 
Committee on Foreign Relations; and he 
was elected Governor of Mississippi in 



142 



BIOGBAPHICAL BEG0BD8. 



1852. He subsequently spent a few years 
in California. In 1859 lie was a member 
of the Southern Convention held at Knox- 
ville, Tennessee, and during his life fought 
three duels. He identified himself with 
the great Rebellion, and was a member 
of the Confederate Congress ; and after 
the return of peace he published " The 
War of the Rebellion." 

Forbes, tTames.—lle was a Delegate 
from Maryland to the Continental Con- 
gress from 1778 to 1780. 

Ford, tTames. — He served two years 
in the Pennsylvania Legislature, and was 
a Representative in Congress, from Penn- 
sylvania, from 1829 to 1833. His life was 
honorably interwoven with the history of 
liis State, and he died at Lawrenceville, 
Pennsylvania, August, 1859, aged seventy- 
six years. 

Ford, Willlain D. — He was born in 
Providence, Rhode Island-, served in the 
New York Assembly in 1816 and 1817; 
and was a Representative in Congress, 
from that State, from 1819 to 1821. 

Fornance, Joseph. — He was born 
in Pennsylvania, and was a Representa- 
tive in Congress, from that State, from 
1839 to 1811. 

Forney, Daniel M. — Born in Lincoln 
County, North Carolina, May, 1784. Dur- 
ing the late war with England he served 
as Major in the State line, and was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from North Caro- 
lina, from 1815 to 1818, and in 1820 was 
appointed Commissioner to treat with the 
Creek Indians. From 1823 to 1826 he was 
a member of the State Legislature. In 
1834 he removed to Lowndes County, 
Alabama, where he died in October, 1847. 

Forney, Peter. — Born in Lincoln 
County, North Carolina, April, 1756. He 
was a patriot and soldier of tlie Revolu- 
tion. He served as a member of the 
State Legislature for several years, and 
was a Representative in Congress, from 
North Carolina, from 1813 to 1815. He 
served as an Elector during the Presi- 
dential campaigns of Jefferson, Madison, 
Monroe, and Jackson. Died February 1, 
1834. 

Forrest, Thomas. — He was born in 
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and was a 
Representative in Congress, from that 
State, from 1819 to 1821, and again from 
1822 to 1823, for the unexpired term of 
William Milnor. Died March 20, 1825. 
He was elected to Congress by one vote. 

Forrest, Uriah, — He was a General 
in the Revolutionary war; lost a leg at 
the battle of Bi'andywine, was wounded 
at the battle of Germantown, from the 



effects of which he never recovered ; was 
a Delegate to the Continental Congress 
from 1786 to 1787; was a Representative 
in Congress, from Maryland, during the 
years 1793 and 1794, and resigned. Died 
at his country seat near Georgetown, 
District of Columbia, in 1805. 

Forrester, John B. — He was born 
in Tennessee, and was a Representative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1833 
to 1837, and was a member of the Com- 
mittee on Claims. Died August 31, 1845. 

Forsyth, John. — He was born in 
Fredericksburg, Virginia, October 2, 
1780; graduated at Princeton College in 
1799 ; removed with his father to Charles- 
ton, South Carolina, and afterwards to 
Augusta, Georgia. He studied law, and 
from 1802 to 1808 distinguished himself at 
the Georgia bar-, and in 1808 was Attornej'- 
General of the State; he was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Georgia, from 
1813 to 1818, and from 1823 to 1827 ; a 
Senator in Congress, durins: the vears 
1818 and 1819, and from 1829 to 'l837, 
serving as Chairman of the Committee 
on Commerce; Governor of Georgia in 
1827, 1828, and 1829; Minister to Spain 
from 1819 to 1822; and was Secretary of 
State under President Jackson ; in which 
position he was continued by President 
Van Buren until the end of his adminis- 
tration. His superior abilities were uni- 
versally acknowledged, and the dignity 
and elegance of his manners added much 
to his popularity. He died in Washing- 
ton City, of bilious fever, October 21, 
1841. 

Fort, Toinlinson. — He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Georgia, from 
1827 to 1829. He was at one time a mem- 
ber of the Legislature of Georgia ; prac- 
tised the profession of medicine ; and was 
President of the Central Bank of Georgia 
from 1832 until his death, which occurred 
May 11, 1859, aged seventy-two years. 

Forward, Chauncey. — He was 

born at Old Granby, Connecticut, and was 
the younger brother of Walter Forward. 
About the year 1800 he removed to Ohio 
with his father; was educated at Jefferson 
College ; studied law and came to the bar 
in Pittsburg, Pennsjlvania. In 1817 he 
settled in Somerset, of that State; was 
frequently elected to the State Legisla- 
ture, serving in both Houses ; in 1825 he 
was elected a Representative in Congress 
for an unexpired term, and was twice re- 
elected, serving until 1831. He never 
quitted politics, nor ceased to practise his 
profession, but late in life took a special 
interest in matters connected with the 
Baptist Church, and became a very popular 
and successful preacher. He died at 
Somerset, October, 1839. 



BIOanAPHICAL BECOBDS. 



143 



Forward, Walter.— lie was born in 
Connecticut in 1780, where he received a 
liberal education. He removed to Pitts- 
burg in 1303, and studied law. In 1805 
he became editor of the paper called the 
" Tree of Liberty ;" from 1806 to 1822 he was 
engaged in the practice of law, and, as a 
pleader, had few equals. In 1822 he was 
elected to Congress, from Pennsylvania, 
as a IJepresentative, where he continued 
till March, 1825. In 1837 he bore a prom- 
inent part in tlie Pennsylvania Convention 
to reform the State Constitution. In 
March, 1841, President Harrison named 
him First Comptroller of the Treasury, 
which post he held until he was appointed 
by President Tyler Secretary of the 
Treasury. On retiring from President 
Tyler's cabinet, he resumed and continued 
his practice at the bar, until appointed by 
President Taylor Charge d'Affaires to Den- 
mark, where he spent sevei-al years, re- 
signing his situation to return home in 
ofder to accept the office of President 
Judge of the District Court of Alleghany 
County, to which he had been called by 
popular election. While in court, em- 
ployed in his judicial duties, he was 
suddenly taken ill, and died in forty-eight 
hours, at Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, Novem- 
ber 24, 1852. 

FosfUcJc, Nlcoll. — Born in New Lon- 
don, Connecticut, November 9, 1785, of 
direct Puritan stock ; in 180!) removed to 
Herkimer County, New York; was a 
Presidential Electo^ in 1816 ; a member of 
the Legislature of New York in 1818, 
again in 1819, and declined are-election; 
was a Representative, from New York, in 
the Nineteenth Congress ; returned to his 
native place in 1848, and from 1849 to 1853 
was Collector of Customs for the District 
of New London. Died in New Loudon 
May 7, 1868. 

Foster, Ahiel. — Born in Andover, 
Massachusetts, August 8, 1735 ; graduated 
at Harvard University in 1756; studied 
theology, and was a pastor for eighteen 
years over the Congregational Church in 
Canterbury, New Hampshire ; and in 1780 
was a Representative to the General 
Court; was a Delegate, from New Hamp- 
shire, to the Continental Congress from 
1783 to 1785 ; and was present at Washing- 
ton's resignation of the command of the 
army at Annapolis ; he was a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from New Hampshire, 
from 1789 to 1791, and was again a Repre- 
sentative in the Legislature, and a Dele- 
gate to revise the State Constitution ; was 
a member of the State Senate from 1793 
to 1794, and in both years was President 
of that body ; and was re-elected to Con- 
gress from 1795 to 1803. He died at 
Canterbury February 6, 1806. 

Foster, A. Lawrence.— Re was 

born in New York, and was a Representa- 



tive in Congress, from that State, from 
1841 to 1843. 

Foster, Dwight,—B.e was born in 
Massachusetts in 1757, and died at Brook- 
field, in that State, in April, 1823. He 
graduated at Brown University in 1774; 
studied and practised law; Avas County 
Sheriff and Judge of the Common Pleas; 
and was a Representative in Congress, 
from Massachusetts, from 1793 to 1799; 
and a Senator in Congress, from 1800 to 
1803, when he resigned. 

Foster, Ephraiin H. — He entered 
public life when quite young, and in 1829 
was Speaker of the House of Representa- 
tives of Tennessee. In 1837 he was 
elected to the United States Senate, but 
in 1839 resigned his seat because he could 
not obey the instructions of the State 
Legislature; and in 1843 he was re-elected 
for two years. On his return from Wash- 
ington he was a candidate for Governor, 
but failed of an election. He died at Nash- 
ville, September 4, 1854. 

Foster, Senry A. — He was born in 
New York; served in the Senate of that 
State from 1831 to 1834, and from 1841 to 
1844 ; was a Representative in Congress, 
from New York, from 1837 to 1839 ; and 
vras a Senator in Congress during the 
years 1844 and 1845, by appointment of 
the Governor. 

Foster, Henry 2>.— He was born in 
Pennsylvania, and was a Representative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1843 to 
1847. 

Foster, LaFayette /S>.— He was bora 
in Franklin, New London County, Connect- 
icut, November 22, 1806, and is a direct 
descendant of Miles Standish. He grad- 
uated at Brown University in 1828 ; 
studied law, and came to the bar in 1831 ; 
was a member of the General Assembly 
of Connecticut in 1839 and 1840, in 1846, 
1847, and 1848, and 1854 ; was Speaker of 
the House in 1847, 1848, and 1854; Mayor 
of the City of Norv?ich for two years, in 
1850 and 1851; received the degree of 
LL.D. from Brown University in 1850, and 
was chosen a Senator in Congress for the 
term commencing in 1855 and ending in 
1861, serving as a member of the Commit- 
tees on Public Lands, Pensions, and the 
Judiciary. He was re-elected in 1860 for 
the term ending in 1867, and during the 
Thirty-seventh and Thirty-eighth Con- 
gresses he was Chairman of the Commit- 
tee on Pensions, and a member of the 
Committees on Revolutionary Claims, 
Private Land Claims, Indian Affairs, and 
Foreign Relations; at the extra session 
of the Senate, in 1865, he was chosen 
President pro tern, of that body ; the death 
of Abraham Lincoln and the elevation of 



144 



BIOaitAFItlCAL BECOBDS. 



Andrew Johnson to the Presidency mak- 
ing liim acting Vice - President of the 
United States. During the subsequent 
recess, as a member ofa Special Commit- 
tee of the Senate, he visited some of the 
Indian tribes west of the Mississippi. 

Foster, Natlianiel G. — Born at 

" The Fork," in Greene County, Georgia, 
August 25, 1809; graduated at Franklin 
College in 1839 ; read law, and was ad- 
mitted to the bar in 1831, and settled in 
Madison, Georgia, where he obtained a 
high reputation as an advocate and jury 
lawyer. lie served three years as So- 
licitor General of Ocmulgee Circuit, five 
years in the State Senate, and one year in 
the House; and was a Representative in 
the Thirty-fourth Congress. 

Foster, Stephen C— Born in Ma- 

chias, Maine, December 24, 1799 ; com- 
menced life as a blacksmith, but for the 
last twenty-five years has been a lumber- 
merchant and ship-builder; was in the 
Maine Legislature from 1834 to 1837, 
agaiu in 1840, when he was President of 
the Senate, and again in 1847; was elected 
to Congress, from Maine, in 185G, serving 
through the Thirty-fifth Congress as a 
member of the Committee on Manufac- 
tures. He is now President of the Wash- 
ington Agricultural Society of his native 
State. He was also elected to the Thirty- 
sixth Congress, and was also a member 
of the Peace Congress of 18G1. 

Foster, Theodore. — He was born 
in Massachusetts ; graduated at Brown 
University in 1770; and was a Senator in 
Congress, from Rhode Island, from 1790 
to 1803, and died in 1828, aged seventy-six 
years. 

Foster, T^OJwasl^.— Born in Greens- 
borough, Georgia, November 23, 1790. 
He graduated at Franklin College in 1812 ; 
read law at home, and at Litchfield, Con- 
necticut, and was admitted to the bar in 
1816. He was for many years a member 
of the Georgia Legislature ; and a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Georgia, from 
1829 to 1835, and again from 1841 to 1843. 
He died in 1847. 

Foulie, Philip B.— Born in Kaskas- 
kia, Illinois, January 23, 1818 ; was chief- 
ly self-educated; was first a clerk and 
then a civil engineer; in 1841 he estab- 
lished a paper called the "Belleville Ad- 
vocate," which he printed and edited for 
four years; he then studied law, and after 
being admitted to practice, he was elected 
in 1846 Prosecuting Attorney for his Dis- 
trict, and re-elected; in 1851 he was 
elected a member of the Illinois Legisla- 
ture ; in 1856 he was again elected Prose- 
cuting Attorney; and in 1858 was elected 
a Representative, from Illinois, to the 
Thirty-sixth Congress, serving on the 



Committee on Public Expenditures. Re- 
elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress, 
but served as a Colonel of Volunteers iu 
1861, resigning his commission in 1862. 

Fowler, John. — He was a soldier ia 
the war of the Revolution ; attained the 
rank of Captain ; and was a member of 
Congress, from Kentucky, from 1797 to 
1807. He died at Lexington, Kentucky, 
August 22, 1840, aged eiglity-five years. 

Fowler, Joseph Smith. — He was 

born in Steubenville, Ohio, August 31, 
1822; graduated at Franklin College in 
1843, in which Institution he was a Pro- 
fessor of Mathematics for four years ; he 
commenced the study of law in Kentucky, 
but removing to Tennessee, was admitted 
to the bar in that State, which has since 
been his home. Wlien the Rebellion broke 
out, he warmly espoused the Union cause; 
in September, 1861, he left the State un- 
der the forty days' proclamation of Jef- 
ferson Davis, and resided in Springfield, 
Illinois, until April, 1862 ; and on his re- 
turn he was Comptroller of Tennessee 
under Governor Johnson, and took a lead- 
ing part in organizing the Union party 
and reorganizing the State government. 
In 1865 he was elected a Senator in Con- 
gress from Tennessee for six years, but 
was not admitted to his seat until July, 
1866. He was a Delegate trJ the Philadel- 
phia "Loyalists' Convention" of 1866; 
and the Committees upon which he was 
placed in the Senate were those on Manu- 
factures, Territories, Foreign Affairs, 
Pensions, and as Chairman of that oa 
Engrossed Bills. 

Fowler, Orin. — He was born in 
Connecticut in 1795; graduated at Yale 
College in 1815; studied divinity, but 
turned his attention to politics ; was 
elected to the Senate of Massachusetts in 
1848; and was a Representative in Con- 
gress from 1849 to the time of his death, 
which occurred in Washington City, Sep- 
tember 3, 1852. He was at one time 
settled over a church in PJainfield, Con- 
necticut. 

Fowler, Samuel. — Born in New 
Jersey in 1779 ; was a distinguished mem- 
ber of the medical profession, and a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from New Jer- 
sey, from 1833 to 1837. Died in Sussex i 
County, New Jersey, February 21, 1844. 

Fox, John.— Re was born in the City 
of New York in 1835; received a common- 
school education ; was bred to a mechani- 
cal employment; was elected an Alderman 
in the City Councils ; also held the oflice 
of Supervisor, and in 1866 he was elected 
a Representative, from New York, to the 
Fortieth Congress, serving on the Com- 
mittees on Post Offices and Post Roads, 
and Invalid Pensions. 



BIOGEAPIIICAL BECOBDS. 



115 



Franchot, Richard.— Was bora in 
Monis, Otsego Countj% New York, iu 
181G; received an Englisli education; 
served as a Civil Engineer for seven years ; 
subsequently turned liis attention to farm- 
ing; was President of the Albany and 
Susquehanna Railroad Company; and 
was elected a Representative, from New 
York, to the Tliitty-seventh Congress, 
serving on the Committees on the Dis- 
trict of Columbia and the Pacific Railroad. 

Francis, John J3.— He was born in 
Rhode Island, and was a Senator in Con- 
gress, from that State, from 1844 to 1845, 
having been Governor of Rhode Island 
from 1833 to 1838. He was also for many 
years a member of the State Legislature. 
Died in Providence, Rhode Island, August 
9, 1864. 

Franic, Augustus. — He was born in 
Warsaw, Wyoming County, New York, 
July 17, 182(); early became engaged in 
mercantile pursuits, to which he was 
devoted for many years. In 1858 he was 
elected a Representative, from New York, 
to the Thirty-sixth Congress, serving as 
a member of the Committee on Patents ; 
re-elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress, 
serving on the Committees on the Library 
and on Mileage ; and for a third terra was 
re-elected to ^he Thirty-eighth Congress, 
when he was made Chairman of the Com- 
mittee on the Library^ serving also on the 
Committee on Mileage, and the Select 
Committee on the Bankrupt Law. He 
was also a Delegate to the " State Consti- 
tutional Convention " of 1867. 

FranJclin, Benjamin. — Born in 
Boston, January 17, 170G; after various 
vicissitudes, when seventeen years of age 
he went to Philadelphia, and acquired the 
trade of a printer; with the help of Gov- 
ernor Sir William Keith he visited Eng- 
land, where he remained nearly two years ; 
on his return he became a Clerk, and then 
engaged in business on his own account; 
in 1732 he commenced the publication of 
" Poor Richard's Almanac," which he con- 
tinued until 1737 ; after that he established 
a newspaper, and held the various offices 
of State Printer, Clerk of the General 
Assembly, and Postmaster of Philadelphia. 
He was the fatlier and patron of the Phil- 
osophical Society, and of the Pennsylvania 
University and Hospital ; in 1741 he pub- 
lished the "General Magazine," and in 
1744 he was elected to the Provincial As- 
sembly, holding the office ten years. In 
1758 he concluded a treaty with the In- 
dians at Carlisle, and in the following 
year was sent to Albany, N. Y., to meet a 
congress of commissioners to arrange 
means of defence against the French and 
Indians. He subsequently became Post- 
master-General of America; was sent to 
England as an advocate and agent for the 
province on two occasions; remaining 
10 



tliere eleven years ; on the breaking out 
of the Revolution he returned to America, 
and took an active and important part iu 
public aff":urs; was a signer of the Decla- 
ration of Independence, a Delegate to th'i 
Continental Congress in 1775 and 1776 ; in 
1778 he was sent to France in a diplomatic 
capacity, Avhere he remained until 1785; 
he was next elected Governor of Penn- 
sylvania, and was a member of the Con- 
vention which formed the Federal Con- 
stitution, and signed that instrument; 
and he died April 17, 1790. The qualities 
of his mind were remarkably various, but 
he perhaps stood pre-eminent as a philos- 
opher and benefactor of mankind. Ho 
made important discoveries in electricity ; 
wrote and published much on a variety of 
themes, and his Life, Writings, and Cor- 
respondence, issued in ten volumes, are 
an important feature in all the best libra- 
ries of the country. 

FranJclin, J esse. — He was born in 
Surry County, North Carolina; served 
with credit in the Revolutionary war, as a 
Major; was a member of the House of 
Delegates of that State in 1794 ; repre- 
sented that State in Congress from 1795 
to 1797, and then returned to the Legisla- 
ture. From 1799 to 1805, and from 1807 
to 1813, he was United States Senator, 
officiating in tlie Eighth Congress as Pres- 
ident 'pro tern, of the Senate; and, having 
been superseded by F. Locke, in 1816, ho 
was appointed, by President Madison, a 
Commissioner to treat with the Chicka- 
saws, and was elected Govei'uor of North 
Carolina in 1820. He died in Surry 
County, in 1823, aged sixty-five years. 

Franklin, John JB.— He was born 
in Worcester County, Maryland, May 6, 
1820; graduated at Jeflersou College, 
Pennsylvania, in 1836; studied law and 
was admitted to the bar in 1841 ; served 
in the State Legislature of Maryland iu 
1843, and also in 1849, when he was elect- 
ed Speaker; in 1851 he was chosen Presi- 
dent of the Board of Public Works of the. 
State; and was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from Maryland, from 1853 to 1855. 

FranJclin, MeshacJc. — A Represent- 
ative in Congress, from North Carolina, 
from 1807 to 1815. He served in the House 
of Commons of that State in 1800, and in 
the State Senate in 1828 and 1829. He 
was also a member of the Executive 
Council of North Carolina, and a Delegate 
to the Convention for revising the State 
Constitution. He died in Surry County, 
December 18, 1839. 

Freedley , John. — He was born (ac- 
cording to an interesting work published 
by E. T. Freedley, Esq.) in Norristown, 
Montgomery County, Pennsylvania, May 
22, 17j3. He commenced life as a brick- 
maker ; studied law, and was admitted to 



14G 



BIOGBAFIIICAL HE COEDS. 



the bar in 1820; he entered extensively 
iuti.) various kiiuls of busiiness, especially 
that of qu-.irryiug marble, aucl was suc- 
cessful; and v/as a IJepresencative in Con- 
gress, from rennsylvanla, from 1847 to 
1851. He died December 8, 1851. 

Freeman, tTohn 2>.— He was born in 
Kew Jersey, and, haviuy; removed to Mis- 
sissippi, was elected a Kepreseutative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1851 to 
1853. 

Freeman, Jonathan. — He was a 

Eepreseutative in Congress, from New 
Hampshire, from 1797 to 1801. From 
1780 to 1797 he was a State Councillor; 
from 1793 to ISOS cue of the Overseers of 
Dartmouth College; and died iu 1808, 
aged sixty-three years. 

Freeman, Xathaniei.—Ue was born 
at Denuis, Massachusetts, iu April, 17-11, 
and died September 27, 1820. He gradu- 
ated at Harvard University; studied med- 
icine ; and was a patriot in the Kevolution- 
ary war; pei-formed various services iu 
the Legislature and as a Brigadier-Gen- 
eral of Militia; he was also a Judge of 
Probate for forty-seven years, and a judge 
of the Common Pleas for thirty years; he 
was twice married, and had twenty chil- 
dren ; and was a member of Congress, from 
Massachusetts, from 1795 to 1799. 

Frelinghuysen, Frederick.— Bom 

iu New Jersey, April 13, 1753; graduated 
at Princeton College in 1770T When 
twenty-two years of age he was sent to 
the Continental Congress ; and as Captain 
of a Volunteer Corps of Artillery, he was 
at the battles of Trenton and Monmouth, 
and it is said that it was he who killed 
Rhalle. the Hessian commander at Tren- 
ton. He was a Senator in Congress from 
1793 to 1796, when he resigned on account 
of domestic bereavemeuts. Pie stood 
among the first at the bar of New Jersey, 
and held various State and Countv offices. 
He died AprU 13, 1804. 

FreUngJiuysen, Frederick T.— 

He was born at MilNtowu, Somerset 
County, New Jersey, August 4, 1817, and 
is the nephew and adopted son of The- 
odore Frelinghuysen; graduated at Kut- 
gers College in 183(j;" studied law, and 
came to the bar iu 1839 ; was appointed 
Attorney-General of New Jersey iu 18G1, 
and I'eappointed iu 18G6 ; and was sub- 
sequently appointed a Senator in Con- 
gress, from New Jersey, for the unexpired 
term of William Wright, deceased, serv- 
ing on the Committees on the Judiciary 
and Pensions. Iu January, 1867, his ap- 
pointment as Senator was confirmed by 
the election of the Legislature, and his 
term will terminate in 1869. The Com- 
mittees upon which he served were those 



on Naval Affairs, the Judiciary, and 
Claims. 

Frelinghuysen, Theodore. — He 

was born iu MiUstown. Somerset County, 
New Jersey, March 28, 1787, and was the 
son of Frederick, of the Continental Con- 
gress; graduated at Princeton College, 
Nassau Hall, in 1804; studied law, and 
was admitted to the bar iu 1808; was 
Attorney-General of New Jersey from 
1818 to 1829 ; a Presidential Elector in 
1829; and a Senator in Congress, from 
New Jersey, from 1829 to 1835. He wws 
Chancellor of the University of New 
York from 1839 to 1850, when he resign- 
ed; and while iu that position was the 
candidate of the Whig party for Vice- 
President upon the ticket with Henry 
Clay. In 1850 he was elected President 
of Kutgers College, where he, officiated 
iintil his death, devoting much of his time 
and means to the benevolent and educa- 
tional interests of his native State, of 
New York, and of the Union. He resided 
for many years at Newark, New Jersey, 
and was Mayor of that city in 1837 and 
1838. He also served as President of the 
American Temperance Union, of the 
American Tract Society, the Board of 
Foreign Missions, and of the American 
Bible Society, during his residence in 
New York. In the church, he was for 
many years recognized as a great leader 
in ail the moral movements of the coun- 
try, and was universally beloved. He had 
a rare command of thought aad language, 
and was considered an eloquent speaker. 
Died at New Brunswick, New Jersey, 
April 12, 1862. 

Fremont, tTohn Charles. — Bora 

in Savannah, Georgia, January 21, 1813. 
His father was an emigrant from France. 
He received a good education, though left 
an orphan at four years of age ; and at the 
age of seventeen he graduated at Charles- 
ton College. From teaching mathematics 
he turned his attention to civil engineer- 
ing, and was recommended to the 
government for employment in the Mis- 
sissippi survey. He was afterwards em- 
ployed at Washington in constructing 
maps of that region. Having received 
the commission of a Lieutenaut of Engi- 
neers, he proposed to the Secretary of 
War to penetrate the Rocky Mouutains. 
His plan was approved, and iu 1842, with 
a few men, he explored the South Pass- 
Impatient of quiet, he pkvnned a new ex- 
pedition to the Territoi'y of Oregon. He 
approached the Rocky Mountains by a 
new line, scaled the summits south of the 
South Pass, deflected to the Great Stilt 
Lake, and connected his survey with thafe 
of Wilkes's Exploring Expedition. He 
also performed another expedition, ia 
which he revealed the grand features of 
Alta California, its greaf basin, the Sieriu 
Nevada, the valleys of the San Joaquia 



BIOGBAPHICAL BECOBDS. 



147 



and Sacramento, and established thegeojr- 
raphy of the western portion of the conti- 
nent, lu Angnst, 1844, he was planning 
a third expedition, wliile writing the his- 
tory of tlie second, and before its publica- 
tion, in 1845, was again on his way to the 
Pacific, collecting his mountain comrades, 
to examine in detail the Asiatic slope of 
the continent, which resulted in giving a 
new volume of science to the world, and 
California to the United States. After the 
conquest of California, in which he bore 
a part, he was the victim of a quarrel be- 
tween two American commanders, and 
was stripped of his commission by court- 
martial. The President reinstated him, but 
he declined returning. He determined 
to retrieve his honor. One line more 
would complete his survey, the route for 
a great road from the Mississippi to San 
Francisco. Again he appeared in the far 
west. He retltted his expedition, and 
started again; pierced the country of 
the Apaches; met, awed, or defeat- 
ed savage tribes ; and in a hundred days 
from banta Pe stood on the banks 
of the Sacramento. The people of Cali- 
fornia reversed the judgment of the court- 
martial, and he was made the first Senator 
of the Golden State, serving from 1849 to 
1851. He was subsequently, in 1856, a 
candidate for President, in opposition to 
Mr, Buchanan, and though he received a 
lai'ge vote, was defeated. In 1861 he 
served in the Union army as a Major- 
Genera! ; and by the " Cleveland Conven- 
tion " of 1864 was again nominated for the 
office of President of the United States 
and again defeated. 

Frenchf Ezra B. — He was a Repre- 
sentative, from Maine, in the Thirty-sixth 
Congress, serving as a member of the 
Committee on Manufactures. He was also 
a member of the Peace Congress of 1861. 
By President Lincoln he was appointed 
Second Auditor of the Treasury. 

French, Richard. — He was a native 
of Kentucky, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1835 to 
1837, from 1843 to 1845, and again from 
1847 to 1849. 

Frey, J'oseph.—B.e was born in Penn- 
sylvania, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1827 to 
1831. 

FricJc, EEenry. — Born in Northum- 
berland County, Pennsylvania, in 1795; 
was educated as a printer ; became an ed- 
itor of a newspaper at Milton ; served for 
three sessions in the State Legislature; 
and was a Representative in Congress, 
from Pennsylvania, at the time of his 
death, Avhich occurred at Washington 
City, March 1, 1844. 

FiHeSf George, — He was born in 



Pennsylvania, and, having removed to 
Ohio, was elected a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1845 to 
1847, and for a second term ending ia 
1849. Died November 13, 1866. 

Frotnentin, Eligius.—k. Senator 
of the United States, from Louisiana, 
from 1813 to 1819. In 1821 he was Judge 
of the Criminal Court of New Orleans, 
and was appointed Judge of the Western 
District of Florida. He shortly resigned, 
his office and returned to the pi*actice of 
law, at New Orleans, where he died, of 
the yellow fever, October 6, 1822. 

Frost, George.— Re was a Delegate 
from New Hampshire to the Continental 
Congress from 1777 to 1779. 

Frost, tToel. — He was born in New 
York; served in the State Assembly in 
1806 and 1808, and was a Representative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1823 
to 1825. 

Fry, Jacob, Jr. — He was a native 
of Pennsylvania, and was elected a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from that State, 
from 1835 to 1839. He was at one time 
Auditor-General of the State, and died at 
Norristown, Peonsylvauia, November 28, 
1866. 

Fuller, George. — He was born in 
Pennsylvania, and was a Representative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1843 
to 1845. 

Fuller, Henry M.—B.G was born in 
Bethany, Wayne County, Pennsylvania, 
January 3, 1820; graduated at Nassau 
Hall, Princeton, in 1839 ; studied law, and 
was admitted to the bar in 1842; in 1848 
was elected to the Legislature of Penn- 
sylvania; and was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1851 to 
1853, and from 1855 to 1857. Died in 
Philadelphia, December 26, 1860. 

Fuller, Philo C. — He was a member 
of the New York Assembly in 1830; a 
Representative in Congress, from New 
York, from 1833 to 1837; the Second 
Postmaster-General from 1841 to 1843; 
Comptroller of New York in 1851 ; and. 
died at Geneva, August 16, 1855. 

Fuller, TJioinas J. i>.— He was born 
in Hardwick, Caledonia County, Vermont, 
March 17, 1808 ; was left an orphan when 
seven years of age; spent his boyhood 
and youth upon a farm ; on attaining man- 
hood, studied and adopted the profession 
of law, having been admitted to the bar 
in 1833; and, removing to Maine, was 
elected State Attorney for his county 
for three years; was elected a Repre- 
sentative, from Maine, to the Thirty- 
first, Thirty-second, Thirty-third, and 



148 



BloaBAPHICAL BECOBDS. 



\ 



Thirty-fourth CoTij?ressos, serving as an 
active member of the Committee on Com- 
merce. In 1857 he was appointed, by 
President Buchanan, second Auditor of 
the Treasury, which office he held until 
1861. 

Fuller f Timothy.— lie was born at 
Ghilniarli, Martha's Vineyard, Massachu- 
setts, July 11, 1778, and graduated at Har- 
vard University in 1801 ; was a member of 
the Massachusetts Senate from 1813 to 
1817; Speaker of the lower house in 1825; 
again a State Representative in 1831; a 
State Councillor in 1831; and he was a 
Eepresentative in Congress, from Massa- 
chusetts, from 1817 to 1825 ; and died at 
Groton, Massachusetts, October 1, 1835, 
aged fifty-seven years. He was the father 
of the distinguished authoress, Sarah Mar- 
garet Fuller. 

Fuller, William K. — He was a mem- 
ber of tile Assembly of New York in 1829 
and 1830; at onetime Adjutant-General of 
the State Militia; and from 1833 to 1837 a 
Eepresentative in Congress. 

Fullerton, David.— Born in 1771; 
was for several years a member of the 
State Legislature of Pennsylvania; and 
represented that State in Congress from 
1819 to 1820, when he resigned. He died 
at Greencastle, Pennsylvania, February 1, 
1813. 

Fulton, Andretv S. — He was born 
in Virginia, and was a liepresentative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1847 to 
1849. 

Fulton, John JBT.— He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Virginia, from 
1833 to 1835, and died at Abiogtou, Janu- 
ary 28, 1836. 

Fulton, William, S.—Yle was born 
in Cecil County, Maryland, June 2, 1795 ; 
graduated at Baltimore College in 1813, 
and commenced the study of law with 
William Pinckney ; but before coming of 
age he served with great credit in a volun- 
teer company, which was assigned to the 
defenceof Fort McHenry. He was Aid to 
Colonel Armistead, taking cliarge of his 
company during the illness of that com- 
mander, and returned with them to the 
City of Baltimore. After peace was re- 
stored in 1815, he removed to Tennessee 
with his father's family, and resumed the 
study of law with Felix Grundy. In 1818 
he volunteered with the Nashville Guards, 
and was Private Secretary to General 
Jackson during the Florida campaign. He 
settled in Alabama for the practice of law, 
and was appointed by President Jackson, 
in 1829, Secretary of the Territory of Ar- 
kansas, and, in 1835, Governor of the same, 
which office he held until the Territory was 
admitted into the Union as a State, when 



he was elected a Senator, from Arkansas; 
from 1836 to 1844. He died at Rosewood, 
near Little Rock, Arkansas, August 15, 
1844, 

Gadsden, Christopher. — He was 

born in Charleston, Soutli Carolina, in 
1724; and was a Delegate from that State 
to the Continental Congress from 1774 to 
1776; having previously been elected to 
the New York Congress of 1765, to peti- 
tion against the Stamp Act. During the 
siege of Charleston, in 1780, he was taken 
prisoner and confined for some months at 
St. Augustine. A parole was ofiered him, 
but he declined to accept; and, on his re- 
lease by exchange, he was elected Gov- 
ernor of the State, but declined to serve 
on account of his age. He died August 
28, 1805, His grandson, bearing the same 
name, was the third Episcopal Bishop of 
South Carolina. 

Gaget Joshua. — He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Massachu- 
setts, from 1817 to 1819. having been a , 
member of the Legislature from 1805 to > 
1808, in 1813, 1814, 1820, and 1821; and , 
was a State Councillor in 1822 and 1823. 

Gaillard, John. — A Senator of the 
United States, from South Carolina, from i 
1804 to 1826. He voted for the war of 
1812, and was repeatedly called to preside !■ 
over the Senate in the absence of the Vice- -j 
President. He died at Washington, Fel3»<'»j 
ruary 26, 1826. -'-m 

Gaines, John P. — He was born ftt 
Kentucky; was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from that State, from 1847 to 1849; 
and was subsequently appointed Governor 
of Oregon Territory. 

Gaither, Nathan. — He was born in 
Kentucky; was a Representative in Con- 
gress, fi'om that State, from 1829 to 1833. 
He died at Columbia, Adair County, Ken- 
tucky, in 1862, aged seventy-seven years. 

Galhraith, John. — He was born in 
Pennsylvania ; was bred a lawyer ; served 
several terms in the Legislature of Penn- 
sjdvania; and was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1833 to 
1837^ and again from 1839 to 1841. Died 
at Erie, June 15, 1860, while holding the 
office of United States President Judge for 
the Sixth District of Pennsylvania. 

Gale, George. — He was a Represent^" 

ative in Congress, from Maryland, from | 

1789 to 1791, and was one of those who || 

voted to locate the Seat of Government on |j 

the Potomac. j< 

Gale, Levin.— He was born in Mary- \\ 
land, and was a Representative in Con- tj 
gress, from that State, from 1827 to 1629. || 



BIOGBArillCAL EECORDS. 



149 



Gallatin, Albert.— Bora at Geneva, 
January 29, 1701; graduated at the Uni- 
versity of his native city, in 1779, and 
during the next j^ear emigrated to Ameri- 
ca, lie commenced his career in Maine, 
then a part of Massachusetts, having been 
placed in command of a small fort at Ma- 
chias, and while there he furnished funds 
of his own to American troops, and acted 
as a volunteer also. He %vas appointed a 
tutor at Harvard University in 1782, and 
removed to I'ennsylvania in 1763, where 
lie acted a prominent part in the State 
Convention of 1789, and served in the 
lower Ijraucli of the Legislature in 1790 
and 1791. He also spent several years in 
Virginia, and in that State took the oath of 
allegiance. In 1793 he was elected a Sena- 
tor iu Congress from Pennsylvania, but 
his seat was vacated, in 1794, by a resolu- 
tion of the Senate, on the ground of want 
of citizenship for a sufficient length of 
time; and soon after, without his liuowl- 
edge, he was elected a Representative in 
Congress from Pennsylvania, serving 
from 1795 to 1801. He was, in the latter 
year, appointed Secretary of the Treasury, 
under President Jefl'erson, and, as an ex- 
ecutive councillor, and subsequently di- 
plomatist and statesman, he obtained a 
very high reputation. In 1813 he went 
to St. Petersburg as one of the Envoys 
Extraordinary, to negotiate witli Great 
Britain, under the mediation of Russia, 
and during the following year, with Ad- 
ams, Bayard, Clay, and Russell, signed the 
Treaty of Ghent. He assisted also in con- 
cludiug the Commercial Convention with 
England, at London, in 1815, and resided 
at Paris, as Minister of the United States, 
from 1816 to 1823. In 1827 he obtained 
full indemnification from England, for 
injuries sustained by our citizens, for vio- 
lating the Treaty of Ghent. President 
Madison offered him a scat in his cabinet, 
as Secretary of State; President Monroe 
offered him the post of Secretary of the 
Kavy; and he was also nominated for 
Vice-President ; all which honors he de- 
cliued. In 1828 he became a citizen of 
New York, and took an active part in pro- 
moting the literary and commercial inter- 
ests of the Empire City, and of tlie Union 
at large. In 1831 he was a member of the 
" Free Trade Convention," and drew up 
the memorial to Congress, which embodies 
the views of the Democratic party ; he 
was President of the National Bank of 
New York, and also of the New Y'^ork His- 
torical Society, and the Ethnological So- 
ciety, and advocated the establishment of 
I the New York University; and, just before 
! his death, became identified with the 
I Smithsonian Institution. He was a line 
! scholar, and published many papers on the 
1 currency and finance, on Indian languages, 
I and other important subjects. He died at 
, Astoria, Long Island, August 12, 1849. 

Gallegos, Jose Manuel,— Ke was 



born in New Mexico, and was a Delegate, 
from that Territory, to the Thirty-tliird 
and Thirty-fourth Congresses. 

Galloway, J'oseph.—'Rc was born 
in 1730; was a member of the Assembly 
of Pennsylvania in 17G4, officiating as 
Speaker; was a Delegate to the Conti- 
nental Congress in 1774 and 1775, and a 
signer of the Declaration of Independence; 
but subsequently deserted the American 
cause and joinetl the British in New York. 
In 1779 he was examined before tlie House 
of Commons, and his testimony was not 
creditable to the British commander in 
America. Died in England in 1803. He 
was the author of a number of political 
pamphlets bearing upon the conduct and 
the consequences of the war, which were 
published in London and attracted much 
attention. 

Galloway, Samuel. — He was born 
in Pennsylvania, and, having removed to 
Ohio, was elected a Representative, from 
that State, to the Thirty-fourth Congress. 

Gallup, Albert. — He was atone time 
Sheriff of Albany County, New York; a 
Representative in Congress, from New 
York, from 1837 to 1841, and was appointed 
by President Polk Collector of Albany. He 
died at Providence, iu November, 1851. 

Gainble, J'ames.—B.e was born in 
Pennsylvania, and was »a Representative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1851 to 
1855. 

Gamble, Moger L. — "Was a member 
of the House of Representatives in Con- 
gress, from Georgia, from 1833 to 1835, 
and from 1841 to 1843; and afterwards 
Judge of the Superior Court of that State. 
He tiled December 20, 1847. 

Gannett, Barzilla.—'Re graduated 
at Harvard University in 1785 ; served four 
years in the State Legislature ; and was a 
Representative in Congress, from Massa- 
chusetts, from 1809 to 1811. 

Gansevoort, Leonard. — He was a 

Delegate, from New York, to the Conti- 
nental Congress, in 1787 and 1788. 

Ganson, tTohn. — He was born in Le 
Roy, Genesee County, New York, January 
1, 1818; graduated at Harvard College in 
1839 ; adopted the profession of law ; was 
a member of the State Legislature iu 1862 ; 
and was elected a Representative, from 
New York, to the Thirty-eighth Congress, 
serving on the Committee on Elections. 
He was also a Delegate to the '■ Chicago 
Convention" of 1864. 

Gar denier, Barent.—Tle was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from New York, 
from 1807 to 1811. 



150 



mOOHAPIIICAL BECOEDS. 



Oardner, .F/'rtno /."». — Ho was born 
In liOoiiilnstiT, IMassac'luisotts, l>oco»ubor 
27, 1771; uTiuhiiittHl ut Ihuvanl Colloji'o; 
Avas a IJt'prosentatlvo in Coniiivss, iVom 
2Nicw UanipsliliT. tVom 1S07 to 180l>; ami 
clitnl at Koxbury, Massachusetts, Juno -.">, 

Oartlner, <r*</<'(>n.— Ho was a Kop- 
resontativo in (.'onuross, iVom Massaclm- 
setts, IVom 1809 to IS 11. 

Oarthier, tTosep7i.—\U> was a l")ole- 

gato, tVoui IVmisvlvauia, to tl\o Coutiuou- 
tal Couijioss, in i7vS4 anil 1785. 

Oar/ieltl, James ^4.— Tie was born 
iu Oraujjo, t'uvaliona t'ouuty, OMo, No- 
vombor li), 18i>l; jjiaduatoil at Williams 
OolU\!;o, Massaoluisotts, in isr>i:. anil 
adopt od tlio prot'ossion of law; in IS.VJ 
and ISiiO ho was a iiionibor of tho (>hlo 
!J«onato; in 1801 ho ontorod tlio army as 
(.'olouol of tho Foity-sooond Kojjiinont of 
Voluntoors; was appointed a IJriyadior- 
Ceneral in 18l>2, tlio day that ho fouiiht in 
the battle of Middle Ciook. Kontueky. lie 
subsoquontly sorvoil at Sliiioh, I'oriutli, 
and in Alabama, and early In 18i;;> ho was 
appointed (.Miiofof Statf to Oenoral Hose- 
crans, with whouj he sorvod up to tho bat- 
tle of Ohiekamany;a. In 18(:2 ho was eloetod 
a Kopresontative, tVon\ Ohio, to tho Thir- 
ty-eiiihth Congress, serving; as a member 
of the Oommittee on Jlilitary Atlairs. Be- 
fore takinu: his seat iu Couiiross he was 
appointed a Major-Uenoral of Voluntoors 
'• for gallant and moritorlous services in 
the battle of Ohiokamanga, (Jeortiia, from 
September ID, 18ii;5." ke-oleeted to the 
Thirty-iunth Oonuress, sorviui; on the 
Committee on Ways and Means, that on 
the Postal Kailroad to Now York, and as 
Chairman of that on a lUiroau of Kduoa- 
tion; and also as llegent of the Smiihso- 
iiian Institution. He was also a Delegate 
to tho IMiiladelphia " Loyalists' Conven- 
tion" of 18i;t>, and of the'" Soldiers' Con- 
vention" hold in rittsburg; and was re- 
elected to the Fortieth Cougivss, serving 
ou old committees. 

GarlatKJ, lynvid 5.— He was a Kep- 
i*eseutative in Congress, from Virginia, 
from 1801) to 1811. i)iod iu October, 1841. 

Garland, iTames.—Uc was a native 
of Virginia, and a Kepreseutative iu Con- 
gress, trom that Stale, fi-om 1845 to 1847. 

Garland, Hice. — lle was born in 

Yii'ginia, and, having taken up his resi- 
dence in lA^uisiaua, was a Kopi'esentative 
in Congress, fi-om that State, fron> 18">4 to 
1840, having resigned to become Judge of 
the Superior Court of l.onisiana. 

Garnettf tfames JU".— Born at Elm- 
wood, iu Essex County, Virginia. June 8, 
1770. ilo served for several yeai's as a 



membor of the Legislature of his native 
State, and was a Koprosentatlve in Con- 
gress, from Virginia, ft-oni 1805 to 1809. 
He was a nAombor of tho Conventi(nj as- 
sembled at Kichmond in 181';) to revise the 
(.\)i\stitntlon of Virginia. Ho was inter- 
ested in tlie canso of education, and de- 
voted to the pursuits of agriculture, hav- 
ing presided o\cv the .\gricnUnral Society 
of Eroilericksburg for nvore than twenty 
years, and toiled lal)oriously for the for- 
mation of a National Agricultural Society. 
He ilicd at Elmwood, Alay, 1843, aged six- 
ty-two years. 

Garnett, 3[us('oe JR. JJ.— He was 
born In Essex (.\>uuty, Virginia; was edu- 
cated at the Uulversity of Virginia, and 
studied law as a prt»fession ; he was a 
nuMubor of the Constitutional Convention 
of the State in 1850; a membor of tiio 
House of Delegates iu 185,) and 1851, 1855 
and 185t>, and dnri.ig tlie latter session 
was Chairman of tho Committee on Fi- 
nance. He was elected to the Thirty-tlfth 
Congress as a Kopresontativo, from Vir- 
ginia, serving as a member of the Com- 
nuttee ou Claims, and also elected to the 
Thirty-sixth Congi-ess. He was a Delegate 
to tho Democratic Conventions at Balti- 
more ami Cincinnati, in 1852 and 185i>. 
Took part iu tho liobelliou. 

Garnett, Mobert ^.— He was a na- 
tive of Essex County, Virginia, and a Kep- 
reseutative iu Congress, from that Slate, 
from 1817 to 1827. 

Garnseif, Daniel G.—Uc was born 
iu Saratoga County, New York, and was 
a Kepreseutative in Congress, IVom New 
York, from 1825 to 1830. 

Garrison, Daniel,— lie was born in 
Salem County, New Jersey, and was a 
Kepreseutative in Congress, IVom New 
Jersey, IVom 1823 to 1827. 

Garrow, Xathaniel. — JTc was a 

Kepreseutative iu Congress, from New 
York, from 1827 to 1829. 

Gartlin, Alfred.— Ilo was born in 
North Carolina; graduated at the l^uiver- 
slty of that State; and was a Koprosenta- 
tive in t^ougress, IVom North Carolina, 
IVom 1823 to 1825. 

Gartrell, Lucius J".— Born in Wilkes 
County, (.Jeorgia, Jamiary 7, 1821; edu- 
cated at Kandolph Macon College, Vir- 
ginia, and Franklin College, Athens, 
Coorgla: adopted tho profession of law; 
and in 1843 was elected, by the General 
Assembly of Georgia, Solicitor-General 
of the Northern Judicial Circuit. He re- 
signed in 1847. on being elected a Kepi"©- 
sentative to tlie Legislature, and was re- 
elected in 1849 ; was a President ial Elector 
fur the Stale of Georgia iu 185i3; and in 



BIOOIiAPIIICAL BECOBDS. 



151 



1857 was elected a Representative in the 
Thirty 11 fill Coii^jress, IVoiii Georgia. He 
was one of the llegentsof tlie Smithsonian 
Institution, and a member of the Commit- 
tee on Expend iture.s in the Treasury De- 
partment; re-elected to the TJiirty-sixtii 
Congress, serving on the Committee on 
Elections. Withdrew in 18G1, and retired 
to Georgia. 

Oai'vin, Wdliain S.—Hg was a Ilcp- 
resentative in Conuress, from Peunsylva- 
uia, from 1845 to 18i7. 

Gaston, William. — Horn in New- 
beru, North Carolina, September 11), 1778. 
His early education was conducted by his 
niotlier; advanced at tlio Catholic College 
of Georgetown, District of Columbia; and 
he graduated at rrincetou College in 17'Jo. 
He studied law, and was admitted to prac- 
tice in 1708. He served a number of years 
in the State Legislature, one term as 
Speaker; and was a Representative in 
Congress, from Noroli Carolina, from 1813 
to 1817. In 1804 he was appointed Judge 
of tile Supreme Court, and in 1835 was a 
member of the State Convention to amend 
the Constitution. He continued on tlie 
bencli until tlie time of his death, whicli 
occurred January 23, 1844. lie was an 
able and successful lawyer, and an upright 
judge, liad a taste f(jr polite literature, and 
is remembered in North Carolina as one 
of its most distinguished citizens, lie 
■was a Presidential Elector in 1808, and 
later in life received from Princeton the 
degree of Doctor of Laws, and the same 
honor from four other institutions of 
learning. 

Gales, SetJi Merrill.— Ug was born 
in Winlield, Herl<imer County, New York, 
0_-t)berlG, 1800; was self-educated; stud- 
ied law, and commenced practice in 
1827; was elected to the State Legislature 
in 1832, declining a re-election; in 1838 he 
purchased and became editor of tlie " Le 
Roy Gazette;" was elected a Representa- 
tive, from New York, to tlie Twenty-sixth 
Congress, and was elected to the Twenty- 
seventh Congress. In his pai)er and in 
Congress he advocated the right of peti- 
tion, and on account of his hostility to 
slavery a reward of five hundred dollars 
was olfered by a Soutliern planter for his 
person. At the close of the Twenty-sev- 
enth Congress he drew up a protest against 
the annexation of Texas, which was signed 
by twenty-two Representatives, — John 
Quincy Adams heading tl>e list of names. 
In 1818 lie was the Free-soil candidate for 
Lieutenant-Governor of New York; and 
he his been a resident of the " Old Gene- 
see " District for flfiy-eight years. 

Gayarre, Charles E. ^.— Born in 

Louisiana, Janu.iry 3, 1805; educated at 
the Ci)lli':re of New Orleans; in 182G he 
went to Philadelphia and studied law; was 



admitted to the bar in 1820, and returned 
home; in 1830 lie was elected to the Legis- 
lature; in 1831 was appointed Deputv At- 
torney-General; in- 1833 Presiding Judge 
of the City Court of New Orleans; and in 
1835 ho was elected a Senator in (Jongress, 
but ill healtli prevented him from taking 
his seat. He went to Europe, where he 
spent a number of years, and on liis re- 
turn, in 1843, was aguin returned to the 
State Legislature; and in 184G he was ap- 
pointed Secretary of State, in wiiicii ca- 
pacity lie served seven years. As an author 
he has acquired a high position, his lead- 
ing works being as follows : " History of 
Louisiana," " Romance of tlie History of 
Louisiana," " Spanish Domination in Lou- 
isiana," a «dramatic novel called " The 
School of Politics," and a work on " The 
Influence of the Mechanic Arts." 

Gayle, Jfohn. — Born in Sumter Dis- 
trict, South Carolina, September 11, 1792'; 
educated at South Carolina College ; and 
emigrated to Alabama in 1813. In 1817 
he was appointed a member of the Terri- 
torial Legislature; was Solicitor of the 
First Judicial District on the organiza- 
tion of the State Government; and in 
1823 was elected Judge of the Supreme 
Court of the State. Iw 1829 was elected 
to the Stnte Legislature, and was Speaker 
of the House. In 1831 was elected Gov- 
ernor, and re-elected in 1833. He was 
Presidential Elector in 1830 and in 1840, 
and in 1847 was elected, from Mobile 
County, a Representative in Congress. 
In 1849 he was appointed Judge of the 
United States District Court of Alabama, 
and died near Mobile, July 21, 1859. 

Gaylord, James M.—\\g was born 
in Ohio, and was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from that State, from 1851 to 1853. 

Gazley, James W.—lla was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from Ohio, from 

1823 to 1825. 

Gehhard, John. — Tie was born in 
Claverack, New York, and was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from New York, 
from 1821 to 1823. 

Geddes, James,— "^ovn near Car- 
lisle, Pennsylvania, July 22, 17C3; ob- 
tained a limited education while working 
upon a farm ; removing to New York, he 
organized, in 1794, a company for the 
manufacture of salt at Onondaga; in 1800 
was elected a magistrate ; in 1804 and ia 
1821 he was in the State Legislature; in 
1809 an Associate County Justice; in 1813 
Judge of the Common Pleas; and he was 
a Representative in Congress, from New 
York, from 1813 to 1815. In 1822 he was 
appointed Chief Engineer of the Oiiio Ca- 
nal ; and in 1827 assisted in locating the 
Chesapeake and Ohio Canal, as well as 



152 



FIOGEAPIIICAL EEQ0BD8. 



the Pennsylvania Canal. He died August 
19, 1838. 

Gentry, Meredith JP.— He was born 
in North Carolina, in 1811; studied law 
and settled in the practice of his profes- 
sion in Tennessee; was elected to the 
Legislature of the State in 1835 and 1337; 
and was a Representative in Congress, 
from tliat State, from 1839 to 1843, from 
1845 to 1847, and from 1847 to 1853. He 
took part in the Rebellion as a member of 
the " Confederate Congress," and died 
November 3, 1866. He was quite dis- 
tinguished as an orator. 

Ger^nan, Obadiah.—TLa was a Sen- 
ator in Congress, from New -York, from 
1809 to 1815,^" and died September 24, 1842. 

Gerry, Elbridge. — Corn at Marble- 
head, Massacimsetts, July, 1744, and grad- 
uated at Harvard College, in 1762. He 
devoted himself for several years to com- 
mercial pursuits ; was a member of the 
Legislature in 1773, and was appointed on 
the Committee on Correspondence. From 
1776 to 1785 he was a Delegate to the Con- 
tinental Congress, and signed the Declara- 
tion of Independence; also the Articles of 
Confederation. While in Congress he was 
a member of the Committee of Public 
Safety and Supplies, and when the Com- 
mittee were in session at Menotomy he, 
with Colonel Orne, escaped from the Brit- 
ish ti oops at night by fleeing to a corn- 
field, while the house was searched for 
them. He was a member of the Conven- 
tion which framed tlie Constitution of the 
United States, but declined subscribing to 
it. Was a Presidential Elector in 1793. 
He was a Representative in the Federal 
Congress from 1789 to 1793, and in 1797, 
he was appointed Minister to France. In 
1804 he was one of the Presidential Elec- 
tors, and was Governor of Massachusetts 
in 1810 and 1811. In 1813 he was inaugu- 
rated Vice-President of the United States, 
and filled the office until his death, which 
took place at Washington, November 23, 
1814. 

Gerry, Elbridge. — Born in Water- 
ford, Oxford County, Maine, December 6, 
1815; received a good academical educa- 
tion; studied law, and was admitted to the 
bar in 1839 ; in 1840 was Clerk of the House 
of Representatives of Maine; in 1842 was 
appointed State's Attorney for Oxford 
County, and re-elected by the people dar- 
ing the following year; in 1846 he was 
elected to the State Legislature ; and he 
was a Representative in Congress, from 
Maine, from 1849 to 1851. Of late years 
he has resided in Portland, engaged in the 
practice of his profession. The signer of 
the Declaration of Independence, bearing 
the same name, was his grandfather. 

Gerry, James,— 'S.q was born in 



Maryland, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from Pennsylvania, from 1839 
to 1843. 

Gervais, John 2/.— He was a Dele- 
gate, from South Carolina, to the Conti- 
nental Congress from 1782 to 1783. 

Getz, J. Lawrence,— Ke was born 
in Reading, Pennsylvania, September 14, 
1821 ; his father was an ofticer in the navy, 
and fought under Captain Lawrence in 
1812 ; he received an academical education 
in Reading and in Nottingham, Maryland; 
read law and came to the bar in 1846 ; and, 
having turned his attention to the news- 
paper business, he was for twenty years 
the editor of the Reading " Gazette and 
Democrat; " in 1856 he was elected to the 
State Legislature ; re-elected in 1857 and 
made Speaker of the House, and in 1866 
he was elected a Representative, ft-ora 
Pennsylvania, to the Fortieth Congress, 
serving on the Committees on Mileage, 
Soldiers' and Sailors' Bounties, and Pub- 
lic Expenditures. 

Geyer, Henry S.—Tie was born in 
Frederick County, Maryland, in 1798, and 
early in life removed to Missouri. He saw 
some service in the war of 1812, and 
was Captain of the first Militia company 
formed in the State of his adoption. He 
adopted the profession of law, and be- 
came eminent as a practitioner. He took 
an active part in politics, and was a mem- 
ber of the Convention which formed a 
State Constitution, and he was an active 
member of the first two sessions of the 
State Legislature, and was chosen Speak- 
er during his second term. He succeeded 
Mr. Benton in the United States Senate, 
where he served from 1851 to 1857; and 
while in Washington officiated as Attor- 
ney in the Di'ed Scott case. He was a 
man of ability, of pleasing manners, and 
of high character. He died at St. Louis, 
March 5, 1859. 

Gholson, James JBT.— He was born 
in Virginia, graduated at Princeton Col- 
lege in 1820; and was a Representative in ' 
Congress, from Virginia, Irom 1833 to 
1835, and died at Brunswick, Virginia, 
July 2, 1848, aged fifty years. 

Gholson, S. J. — He was a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from Mississippi, from 
1837 to 1838. 

GTiolson, Thomas. — He was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from Virginia, 
from 1808 to 1816. 

Gibbons, WiUiain.—'R& was a Del- 
egate, from Georgia, to tlie Continental 
Congress from 1784 to 1786. 

Giddings, Joshua R. — Born at 
Athens, Bradford County, Pennsylvania, 



BIOGBAPHICAL BECOBDS. 



153 



October 6, 1795 ; was a lawyer by pi'ofes- 
sion; practised in Ohio; was elected to 
the Ohio Legislature in 1826 ; and was a 
Representative In Congress, from Ohio, 
from 1838 to 1859. He was for many 
years recognized as one of the leaders of 
the Anti-slavery party, and was the au- 
thor of a book on Florida, and also of a 
" History of the Great Rebellion." In 
1861 he was appointed by President Lin- 
coln Consul-General of British North 
America; and died at Montreal, suddenly, 
May 27, 1864. 

Gilbert, Edward. — He was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from California, 
from 1850 to 1851. 

Gilbert, Ezehiel. — He was born in 
1755, in Middletowu, Connecticut; grad- 
uated at Yale College in 1778 ; and was a 
member of Congress, from New York, 
from 1793 to 1797. He suffered for thir- 
ty years from a stroke of paralysis, and 
died at Hudson, New York, in July, 1842. 

Gilbert, Sylvester.— Qom in 1756, 
at Hebron, Connecticut; graduated at 
Dartmouth College in 1775 ; studied law, 
and was admitted to practice, in 1777, at 
Hebron. In 1780 he was a member of the 
General Assembly, being the youngest 
member in the House. In 1788 he was 
appointed State's Attorney for Toland 
County, and filled that office twenty-one 
years. In 1807 he was appointed Chief 
Judge of the County Court, and Judge of 
Probate, which offices he held until 1825, 
with the exception of his terra as Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Connecticut, 
in 1818 and 1819 ; and in 1810 he was a teach- 
er of a law school, which he continued about 
seven years, during which time fifty-six 
students wei'e prepared for the bar under 
his tuition. In 1826 he was again elected 
to the Legislature, and was then the oldest 
member in the House ; to which body he 
had, from the year 1780, been re-elected 
thirty times. He died in January, 1846. 

Gilbert, William A. — He was born 
in Connecticut, and, removing to New 
York, was elected a Representative, from 
that State, to the Thirty-fourth Congress. 

Giles, John. — Born in Rowan Coun- 
ty, North Carolina, about the year 1788; 
graduated at Chapel Hill University in 
1808 ; was a lawyer by profession, and en- 
gaged in the practice for ijiore that thirty 
years. In 1829 he was eUcted a member 
of the House of Representatives in Con- 
gress, from North Carolina, but resigned, 
before taking his seat, on account of ill 
health. In 1835 he was a member of the 
Convention which met to revise the State 
Constitution. He died March 2, 1846, in 
Stanley County, North Carolina, where 
his professional duties required his at- 
tendance before the Circuit Court. 



Giles, William BrancJi.— Born in 

Amelia County, Virginia, August 12, 1762; 
graduated at Princeton 1781 ; studied law, 
but abandoned the profession after prac- 
tising about six years. In 1801 and 1805 
he was a Presidential Elector. From 1826 
to 1829 he was Governor of his native 
State ; was a Representative in Congress 
from 1790 to 1798, and again from 1801 to 
1802; and United States Senator from 
1804 to 1816; and was subsequently a 
member of the Legislature. A few months 
after his first appointment to the Senate 
he was superseded by A. Moore, but im- 
mediately re-appointed for the longer 
term. He published a Speech on the Em- 
bargo Laws in 1808, and, in 1813, Political 
Letters to the People of Virginia, and 
subsequently an invective letter against 
President Monroe and others, of a politi- 
cal character, to John Marshall and John 
Quincy Adams. He died in Albemarle 
County, Virginia, December 4, 1830. 

Giles, William E.—He was born in 
Maryland, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1845 to 
1847. He was subsequently appointed 
Judge of the Circuit Court of Maryland. 

Gillespie, tTames. — He was a mem- 
ber of the Provincial Congress of North 
Carolina, and a Representative in the 
United States Congress, from that State, 
from 1793 to 1799, and from 1803 to 1805. 
Died January 10, 1805. 

Gillet, Hansom, H. — "Was born in 
New Lebanon, Columbia County, New 
York, January 27, 1800. His early employ- 
ment was farming on his father's farm, in 
Saratoga County, in the summer, and lum- 
bering in the pine forest during the win- 
ter. In 1819 he removed to St. Lawrence 
County, where he was employed to teach 
school during the winter, while he at- 
tended the St. Lawrence Academy during 
the summer. In 1821 he engaged in the 
study of law with Silas Wright, at Can- 
ton, still continuing to teach for his sup- 
port. He was admitted to the bar, and set- 
tled in Ogdensburg, where he continued, 
devoted to his profession, for about twenty 
years. In 1827 he was appointed Brigade 
Major and Inspector of Militia; February 
27, 1830, he was appoined Postmaster of 
Ogdensburg, which office he filled three 
years ; in 1832 he was a member of the 
Baltimore Convention, which nominated 
General Jackson for President ; was elect- 
ed the same year a Representative in Con- 
gress ; re-elected in 1834, and served as a 
member of the Committee on Commerce; 
in 1837 he was appointed, by President 
Van Buren, a Commissioner to treat with 
the Indian tribes in New York, and con- 
tinued in that service until 1839; in 1840 
he was a member of the Baltimore Con- 
vention which re-nominated Mr. Van Bu- 
ren; he then engaged in practising law; 



154 



SIOGBAPHICAL BEC0BD8. 



and continued to do so until 1845, when 
President Folli appointed Iiim Register of 
the Treasury, in whicli office he served 
until 1847, when he was appointed Solici- 
tor of the Treasury, in wliicli place he 
continued to serve until the autumn of 
1849; he then resumed tlie pi'actice of 
law in New Yorii; in 1855 he became As- 
sistant to the Attorney-General of the 
United States, and continued in that office 
until he resigned, in 1858, and President 
Buchanan appointed him Solicitor of the 
Court of Claims, which he held until 1861. 

Gilette, Francis. — He was a Senator 
in Congress, from Connecticut, during the 
session of 1854 and 1855, for the unex- 
pired term of Truman Smith, resigned. 

Gillis, tTaines JL. — Born at Hebron, 
Washington County, New York, October 
2, 1792. He received a common-school 
education ; served an apprenticeship to the 
currying and tanner's trade; during the 
campaigns of 1812 and 1813, served as a 
volunteer from New York ; in 1814 he was 
commissioned a Lieutenant by the Gover- 
nor of New York, and having been taken 
prisoner by the British, was transported 
to Halifax, where he remained until the 
close of the war; he subsequently re- 
turned to Ontario County, and established 
himself as a fanner; in 1823 he removed 
to Pennsylvania ; in 1840 was elected to 
the Legislature of that State ; in 1842 was 
appointed one of the Judges of Jefferson 
County; elected to the State Senate in 
1845; re-elected to the Lower House in 
1851 ; and elected a Representative, from 
Pennsylvania, in the Thirty-fifth Con- 
gress, serving on the Committee on Agri- 
culture. 

Gillon, Alexander, — He was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from South Car- 
olina, from 1793 to 1794, having died dur- 
ing the latter year. 

Glhnan, Charles J. — He was born 
in New Hampshire ; served in the Legis- 
lature of tliat State in 1854 ; and, having 
removed to Maine, was elected a Repre- 
sentative to the Thirty-fifth Congress, 
from that State, and was a member of ithe 
Committee on Private Land Claims. 

Gilman, John Taylor.— ^orw in 

1754, and died in 1828. He was a volun- 
teer in the Revolutionary army ; a Dele- 
gate from New Hampshire, in 1780, to the 
Hartford Convention ; a Delegate to the 
Continental Congress in 1782 and 1783, 
in the latter year succeeding his father as 
Treasurer of New Hampshire. This office 
he resigned to become a Commissioner to 
settle certain accounts for the States, but 
was re-elected in 1791. He was Governor 
of New Hampshire from 1794 to 1805, and 
again from 1813 to 1815, when he declined 
a re-election. 



Gilman, Nicholas.— He was a Dele- 
gate, from New Hampshire, to the Conti- 
nental Congress, from 1786 to 1788 ; a 
member of the Convention that framed the 
Constitution, and singed that instrument; 
Sittv.v the adoption of the Constitution, 
was elected a Representative in Congress 
from 1789 to 1797 ; and was a Senator in 
Congress, from New Hampshire, from 
1805 to 1814. He died at Philadelphia, 
Pennsylvania, May 2, 1814, aged fifty-two 
years. 

Gilmer f George J2.— He was born 
in Wilkes County (now Oglethorpe), 
Georgia, April 11, 1790. He received an 
academical education, but did not cuter 
college, on account of ill health. He 
studied law, and settled in Lexington, 
Oglethorpe County, Georgia. In 1813, as 
First Lieutenant of the Forty-third Regi- 
ment, United States Army, he participated 
in the Creek War, and in 1818 entered up- 
on the practice of his profession. He was 
elected to the State Legislature in 1818, 
1819, and 1824; was Governor of the 
State for the terms commencing in 1829 
and 1837, and during the latter term re- 
moved the Cherokee Indians from Geor- 
gia. He was President of the Board of 
Presidential Electors in 1836 ; and was a 
Representative in Congress, from Georgia, 
from 1821 to 1823, from 1827 to 1829, and 
from 1833 to 1835. He was also a Presi- 
dential Elector ia 1836 and 1840, and for 
thirty years performed the duties of Trus- 
tree of the Georgia College. He was the 
author of a book, published in 1855, enti- 
tled "Georgians," which contains much 
useful and interesting information touch- 
ing the early settlement of his native 
State. Died at Lexington, Georgia, No- 
vember 15, 1859. 

Gilmer, John ^.— Born in Gilford 
County, North Carolina, November 4, 
1805 ; acquired a good English education 
at winter schools, working on a fai-m and 
in the shop during the summers; then 
taught a school, and thus obtained the 
means to enter the academy at Greens- 
borough for three years, and became a 
good linguist and mathematician, and 
taught for three years in a grammar 
school ; afterwards studied law, and was 
admitted to tlie bar in 1832. Was a mem- 
ber of the State Senate from 1846 to 1856, 
and was elected a Representative to the 
Tliirty-flfth Congress, serving as a mem- 
ber of the Committee on Elections. In 
1856 he was the Whig candidate for Gov- 
ernor of North Carolina, but was defeat- 
ed. He was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth 
Congress, and made Chairman of the 
Committee on Elections; withdrew in 
1861. He was a Delegate to the Phila- 
delphia "National Union Convention" of 
1866. Died in Greensborough,Mayl4, 1868. 

Gilmer i Thomas IF.— He was a na- 



BIOaitAPHICAL BECOBDS. 



155 



tive of Virginia; received a limited edu- 
cation; stiulied law and wliile practising 
the profession edited a newspaper; served 
frequently in the Legislature, and was 
Speaker of the House ; and he held many 
positions of high character, having been 
Governor of the State in 1840, and was a 
Eepresentative in Congress, from 184:1 to 
1843, from Virginia. He was Secretary 
of the Navy under President Tyler. He 
was killed by the accident on board the 
United States steamer Princeton, Tebru- 
ary 28, 1844. 

Gilmore, Alfred. — He was born in 
Pennsylvania, and was a Representative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1849 
to 1853. 

Gilmore, Jolin.—He was a Eepre- 
sentative in Congress, from Pennsylvania, 
from 1829 to 1833. Died May 18, 1845. 

GisfftToseph. — Born in Union District, 
South Carolina, in 1775; educated at the 
Charleston College ; studied law and ad- 
mitted to the bar in 1799; was a Presi- 
dential Elector in 1809 ; served in the 
Legislature of his native State for eighteen 
years ; was a Representative in Congress, 
from South Carolina, from 1821 to'l827; 
served as a Trustee of the State College ; 
and died May 8, 1835. 

GlascocJc, TJioinas. — He was a 

soldier and statesman of Georgia; served 
at the siege of Savannah, under Count 
Pulaski, as Lieutenant, and exhibited great 
skill and bravery; he was appointed Colo- 
nel of the troops ordered out by the 
Legislature, in defence of the State against 
the Indians, on the western frontier; and 
was afterwards elected General of Militia. 
He was a Representative in Congress, 
from Georgia, from 183() to 1839, and 
highly respected for his talents and char- 
acter. He died at Decatur, Georgia, May 
9, 1841. ' 

Glasgow, Sugh.—H.e was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Pennsylvania, 
from 1813 to 1817. 

Glenn, Henri/, — He took an active 
part in the Revolutionary war, and was a 
Representative, from New York, in Con- 
gress, from 1793 to 1801. He died at 
Schenectady, in 1814, aged seventy-three 
years. 

Gloninger, John,— Re was born in 
Pennsylvania, and was a Representative, 
from tiiat State, in the Twelfth Congress ; 
but resigned before the expiration of his 
term, and E. Crouch was elected in his 
place. 

Glosshrenner, Adam, J". — Born in 
Hagerstown, Maryland, August 31, 1810; 
apprenticed at at early age to the printing 



business, which was his school; Avhen 
seventeen years of age he travelled in the 
West and became foreman in the olfice of 
the " Oaio Monitor," and afterwards of the 
" Western Telegraph ;" in 1829 he returned 
to Maryland and then to Pennsylvania 
and settled at York, where he published 
the "York Gazette," and there held various 
offices of trust and responsibility. In 
1849 he was elected Sergeant-at-Arms of 
tlie national House of Representatives 
for tlie Thirty-first Congress, and was re- 
elected to the same office by the four fol- 
lowing Congresses; in 18G1 he was Pri- 
vate Secretary to President Buchanan ; in 
1863 he became one of the founders of 
the "Piiiladelphia Age;"andinl8G4hevvas 
elected a Representative from Pennsylva- 
nia to the Thirty-ninth Congress, serving 
on the Committees on Public Lands, and 
Engrossed Bills. He was also re-elected 
to the Fortieth Congress, serving on the 
Committees on Expenditures in the 
Navy Department, and Executive Mansion. 

Goddard, Calvin. — Born in Shrews- 
bury, Massachusetts, July 17, 17G8 ; and 
graduated at Dartmouth in 1786. He was 
admitted to the bar in Norwich, Connecti- 
cut, in 1790, and settled in Plainfleld, 
from which place he was elected a Repre- 
sentative in the Legislature for nine ses- 
sions, during thi-ee of which he was 
Speaker of the House. He removed to 
Norwich in 1807. From 1801 to 1805 he 
was a Representative in Congress; and 
from 1808 to 1815 he was a member of the 
State Council; in 1813 a Presid'^ntial 
Elector; in 1814 a Delegate to the Hart- 
ford Convention; and from 1815 to 1818 
Judge of the Superior Court. He was 
State's Attorney for the County of New 
London for five years, and Mayor of Nor- 
wich for seventeen years. He died at 
Norwich, May 2, 1842. 

Goggin, William L, — Born in Bed- 
ford County, Virginia, May 31, 1807; re- 
ceived an academic education ; studied 
law in Winchester, and was admitted to 
the bar in 1828, and practised in several 
of the Circuit and District Courts of the 
State. In 1836 he was a member of the 
Legislature, and in 1837 declined a re- 
election. In 1839 he was elected a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from Virginia, 
and was re-elected in 1841, 1843, and 1847, 
being Chairman of the Committee on Post 
Offices and Post Roads during his last 
term. He was afterwards appointed one 
of the Visitors to West Point, under the 
administration of President Fillmore ; and 
since that time he has pursued his pro- 
fession, in connection with agricultural 
pursuits. In 1859 he was nominated as 
the Whig candidate for Governor of Vir- 
ginia. 

Gold, Thomas JJ.— He was a native 
of New York; graduated at Yale College 



156 



JBIOGHAPUWAI^ JRSCOUDi?. 



tnlT^dx was a member of the State Senate 
ftvu\ ir97 to 181^^: a member of the As- 
sembly h» 18tV<; ami a Uepivseutative In 
Couifrtv*!!. ft\>m New York, t^^>^n Iv^^Oi* to 
1;?1S, ana a^-jUu ftxMU 1.<15 to IS17. lie 
clK\\ l« lv«iiJt5. 

^0ltlsb0roHffh, f*hftHes ir. — He 

was tJovenior ot' the State of M;u"vh»ud. 
aiul a Kepresentatl\-e i« Ooujjn^ss, tVvxu 
ISiW to ISIT. «e aUxt at SUoal Credit, 
Alarylaxui, IVwmber IS. ISSi. 

€l^dsbottiuah, Jiohert*~U» was a 

Pelejiate, t^^»^u Alaryla»vi, to the Oouti- 
nental Cojvjrress tWm im to i:75. At 
the time of the Peelaration of ltulei.H'ntt- 
emv was sJ^mni, he was at home on a 
siek bi\l. anil svhhx afterwanls ilie^l. at his 
rt^sivlenee In Maryland, lie was by prt>- 
ft^ssion a p\\'sloian. 

Golltttittjf, J'aeob ^S .— He was elected 
a Kepresentativt*. tV\>m Kentneky to the 

Fortieth Oon^iirv^ss. servJn^i; on the Com- 
mittee on Kxpenses in t+iie Wsir Depart- 
inent, 

G0<H'h. VttHief IT.— Born in Wells, I 
State of Maine, iu Jannai\v. ISiO. He 
SnuUiatevl at Oartmonth in "lS4^^: studieil 
law. and came to the bar in K^U?; com- I 
memwl the practice of his prof^^s^^ion in 1 
Boston; w^»s electeil in l;?oa to the Lesris- 
lature of Massachusetts: in ISo^ to the 
Conslittttioiial Convention of the State; ' 
and subseqttcntly a Kepresentative in the I 
Thirty-titth Conjjr\»ss. tVv>m Massachu- i 
setts, fl>r an unexpirctl term. He was 
also electeil to the rhirty-sixth Congress, 
serviii^ as a member of the Cvnnmittee on 
Territories; r«^electe<i to the Thirty- 
seventh Conwrt^ss, servin»» on the Special 
Cv>tannttee on the Comluct of the War; 
aiHl was re-ele<.nevl to the Thirty-ef'rhch 
Cv^u^ress, serving on the Coaunitttx^s on 
l*ri\-ate Laml Claims, anvl For^'i^rn Atl"airs. 
Ke-eleetevl to the Thirty-ninth Con^rresj!, 
but in ij^i^ was app<>iutevl by FresKlent 
Jv^xhnsoa SavT Ai^nit ft>r the port of Bv»ston. 
He was alsv> a IVte^te to the Fhilailei- 
phia '-* Loyalists* Conveutiou " of U<(*^. 

G00tie^ Patrick €?.— He was bom in 
Tlrjiini.-*, aiij was etet-teil a Kepresenta- 
ti>v iu Cou^res*, tVom Ohio, tl\>m H^i^r to 

G0ode. Sitinttet,—l{^ was a Kepre- 

sentative iu Congress, ft\>ta Virginia, 
flroiu i:y^ to i>oi. 

G^4Hl4r, WiUiam O.— H* was bom 

at lu^ewvXKl. Mecktenbur« County, Vir- 
iriuia, September lif. IT^V*; was evlncated 
at the Collej::e of William aiKl Mar>-; 
stiuUv.\l law. auvl cv>mmeucevl the practice 
in l>il : he was, early iu lit'e. electtsl for 
several terms a membv-r of the State Leg- 
islature. Ue was a member iu l>35> of 



the St«te Kefl>rm Convention of Viririnla; 
In 1SI5:J ho was .n^iin elected to the State 
Leji'slature, and took- ,>a active part iu 
the debates on slavery of that year; h© 
was iv-clecttnl to the Lesiislatnrt^ in L<;lS; 
and he was tlrst elected a Uepresentative* 
in Conjrivss. tYxMn Vlrjjinia, in l;^4l, serv- 
luir nntil 1S4,^. He' was snbstHinently 
Jljrain cKn'ttM to the Lesrislatni-e. and was 
Speaker of the House of delegates t\>r 
sevenU sessions; he was slso a member 
of the State Uet\>rni Convention of IS,>0, 
and was chosen Chairman of ihe Lcirisla- 
tive Committee; and he was a member of 
the Honse of Dele^tes. calUnl to pat the 
New Constitution into oix»ration. and 
Chairman of the Committee on Finance, 
In 1;<5S he was a^irain elected a Keprt>seut- 
ative in Con^rt^ss, tYvux Vii-giuia. and 
was rejrnlarly re-elet>te\l nntil the rhirty- 
flfth Con§rr<?"ss, in whiv^h he served as 
Chairman of the CommitttH» on the Dis- 
trict of Columbia. Picvl near Eovdtown, 
Virginia, July S, lSdi>. 

€?««Kf <*»»<» w, tTohi^ M.— He was a 

Eepivsentative in Cousrress. t\vu\ Ohio» 
fVom L<i» to 1S51. Die*,i in 1SA>. .s^hI 56 
years. 

G^Oiie^ttotr, Iiobert,—Tle was born 
in Fartuinjjton. New llamjv<hiiv, iu 1S(K»; 
admitted to the bar in lSi-1; was Cvmuty 
Attorney ft\>m 1S:JS to L<54, and iu iS-tl"; 
and, having taken wp his residem^ iu 
Maine, was a Keprese^ntative in Con>iress, 
fh>m that State, ftvni It^l to 1S5S. la 
IS^r he was appointed Bank Commissioner 
fl>r the State. 

GiHxfenotr, JRufUjf K. — Botn in 
Henuiker. New Hampshire. April :J4, ITIM), 
but removevl with his tether to llivwnrieUI, 
Maine, where he was eilucait\l in a coun- 
try seho«.>l. He was a farmer and t\vr manjr 
yeans a eommou sailor. He enter^nl th« 
army in ljil2 as Captain iu the Thirty- 
third Keiriment of Uniteil States lutliiniry, 
and serv<Hl in that cajvacicy nutil lc>f5. 
ri>on the ors^iuizatian of a Slate ilovero- 
ment he was a(H><.>iuted Clerk v>f the Courta 
for Oxfbrvl County, and removes! to Paris, 
aud held this otKce sixteini years. He was 
a member of the Maine lieirislatnr* ; a 
Frt^sidenjial elector iu 1>40; ami repre- 
sented his district iu the rhirly-iirsi Con- 
gress. Died at Paris Mare^ 24, IS*JS. 

G^^odhtte., Be^t^JatHtH, — Born at 

Salem. Massachu«:ects. October 1, 17-tS; 
gradoatevl at Harvanl Uui>-ersity.in 17^(5; 
ami recinveil literary honors tWm Yale 
College iu ISvH. Early iu lit"fe^ he e^^i^?d 
in commercial pttrsnits. He was a Whig 
dnriug the Kevolution; rvpresentevl his 
native county iu the State Senate tVom 
17>4 to 17Si>, when he was electe*.! a Repre- 
sentative to Congretjs nmler the new Con- 
stisntion. and. assistevl by Mr. Ficasimiuous, 
of Philadelphia, ibrmevl our cxxio oc rx>ve« 



BiooBAPiiicAL HE conns. 



157 



nue laws, tho majority of wliich liave 
novcr been abro^jatod. In 17!J'» lie was 
elected a Senator oi the United States, and 
became distinguished as Chairman of the 
Committee on Commerce; i>ut in 1800 he 
resigned his seat and retired from public 
life, lie died at Salem, July 28, 1814. 

Ooodrich, CJiauncey,— Born at 

Durham, Connecticut, October 20, 175!); 
graduated at Vale (Jollege, In 177G, with 
a high reputation for genius and acquire- 
ments. After spending several years as 
tutor in that institution he established 
himself as a lawyer at Hartford In 1781, 
and soon attained to eminence in the pro- 
fession, lie was a Ilepresentative in the 
Legislature in 17!i.'{, and a Itepresentative 
in Congress from 17'J5 to 1801. From 1802 
to 1807 was a Councillor of the State; and 
he was elected United States Senator from 
1807 to IHV.i. He received the ollice of 
Mayor of Hartford in 1812, and resigned his 
seat in (Congress. He was elected Lieu- 
tenant-Govern jr of the State in 1813, and 
was also a Delegate to the Hartford Con- 
vention in 1814. He died at Hartford, 
August 18, 1815. 

Goodrich, JSlizur.—Re was one of 

the very few survivors among the m(;n who 
figured ill public life under the administra- 
tions of Washington and the elder Adams. 
He belonged to the Washington school of 
Federalists, and his removal from the 
odlce of Collector of Customs, at New 
Haven, immediately on the accession of 
Jefferson to the rresidency,gave occasion 
to the famous letter, in which Jelferson 
avowed liis principle of removal for polit- 
ical opinions. Besides being honored with 
various oflices of trust and responsibility, 
he was for some time Professor of Law in 
Yale College, and for many years the elli- 
cient Mayor of New Haven. He was twice 
elected to the State Legislature and was a 
Judge of the County and Frobate Courts 
for llfteen years, and was a Presidential 
Elector in 17!J7. He was a Representative 
in Congress, from Connecticut, from 17y.'> 
to 1801. Died in New llaveu, November 
1, 1849. 

Goodrich, John Z.—lla was born in 

Sheflield, Massachusetts, September 27, 
1801 ; adopted the profession of law, but 
turned his attention to manufacturing; 
served in the State Legislature in 1848 and 
1849; was a Presidential Elector in 1841; 
and was a Representative in Congress, 
from 1851 to 1855, from his native State. 
In 1801 he was appointed, by I'resident 
Lincoln, Collector of Boston, and was a 
Delegate to the "Peace Congress " of 18G1. 

Goodwin, Henry C— Bom in De 

Ruyter, Madison County, New York, June 
25, 1824; received an academic education, 
and studied law, having been admitted to 
the bar in 1840. lu 1847 he was elected 



District Attorney of Madison County, and 
^eld the odlt^e three years. He was a Rep- 
resentative, from .N'ew Vork, to the second 
session of the 'i'liiity-third Congress, and 
was re- ilected to tiie 'riiirty-dfib, serving 
as a member of the Committee on Claims. 
Died at Hamilton, Madison County, New 
York, November 12, 1800. 

Goodwin, John iV. — Was born in 
South Berwick, Maine; graduated at Dart- 
mouth College ill 1844; studied law, and 
commenced practice in South Berwick; 
was elected in 1854 to tlie Senate of 
Maine; and in 1800a Rejiresentative, from 
Maine, to the Thirty-seventh Congress, 
serving on the Committees on the Militia 
and Invalid Pensions. He was snbse- 
(piently appointed, by President Lincoln, 
Chief Justice of tlie Territory of Arizona, 
and also Governor; and he was elected a 
Delegate, from Arizona, to the Thirty-uiuth 
Congress. 

Goodwin, JPeterson.—Uo was a 
Representative in Congress, from Vir- 
ginia, from 180.'} to 1818. Died in Novem- 
ber of that year. 

Goodyear, Charles. — Born in Co- 

blesliill, Schoharie County, New York, 
April 20, 1805 ; graduated at (/nion Col- 
lege ill 1824; studied law, and came to 
the bar in 1827; was a member of the 
State Assembly in 18.j9; in 1841 was ap- 
pointed First .judge of Schoharie County; 
was a Jiepresentative, from New York, in 
the Twenty-ninth Congress ; discontinued 
the practice of his profession in 1852, and 
turned his attention to the business of 
private banking in Schoharie and the City 
of New York; and in 1801 he was elected 
a Representative, from New York, for a 
second term, to the Thirty-ninth Con- 
gress. During his first term in Congress 
he served on the Committee on Invalid 
Pensions, and during the Thirty-ninth 
Congress on the Committees on Private 
Land Claims, Revolutionary Pensions, 
and on a Bureau of Education. He was 
also a Delegate to the Philadelphia "Na- 
tional Union Convention" of 18G0. 

Gordon, James. — He was a member 
for seven years of the State Senate of 
New York, twelve years in the State As- 
sembly, and was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from New York, from 1791 to 1795. 

Gordon, Samuel. — He was born in 

New Vork; served in the State Assembly 
in 1834, and was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from that State, from 1841 to 1843, 
and again from 1845 to 1847. In 18G3 he 
was appointed Provost- Marshal for the 
Nineteenth District of New York. 

Gordon, William.— Tla was a grad- 
uate of Harvard College in 1779; was 
Attorney-General for the State of New 



158 



SJOaHAPIttCAL SKCO^DS, 



ftvm Mew UjunivstiUv, t\\nu I7i>7 to l8vV|| 
wlieu lie r^*?ilijuovl ; aiul ^li>.\l In Boston, lu 
Mi^y, l$Oi, a^Hl thlrty-uluo yt>ars. 

<ro>*<laM, WilikiM F.— He was a 

native oi" Xii-jiinla, aiul a Hopivseutatlvp 
itt l.V»\ij»vss, t\\Mu that 8tate. t^viu lv^:^v> 
to lJ«AJ. Uo i^ said to have bee»» the o»*i^ 
iu»tor of the ^«b- Tivasury System. 1>U><1 
to Att>«>(uari« Oottut^, July 3, iJsW, 

€f<*tf* Chfiaiapht^r.—Jionx lu Bos- 

tvMU Alas>aehuseils. in KvV^; ;sii\^d«attHl at 
llavvav\l roUejjv lu I77r>; ».«ovenH>r of 
jMasJsiaehusetts luuler the CoustitvUlou of 
Kj*v>. He settknl i« lU^tou as a lawyer. 
a«U, l« 17j>i>. was ap^HnutvHl l>istrlet 
AUoruey ftn- the l>istriot of Massachu- 
st?tts. uiKler the new Ooustitiuiou of the 
Vultevl iScates. In 17l>(.5 he was appolut- 
t^l a Commissioner under the tXnirth arti- 
cle of J;v,y's Tivaty. This apiH^intmeut 
oWi^y^^l him to jiv> to l.oudou. wheiv he 
ivmaimnl eljihl years, diuin^sir the last of 
which he was leit Oiiarii<» irAttUhvs. He 
was ap\lu eh>.xsen Governor in ISW, but 
outy servtxl one term, lu 15^13 he was 
chv»seu a Senator of the VnUt\l States, iu 
w hieh eap<»eity he servt\l until ij^Ui. when, 
after serving as a Piwidential Kieetor dui'^ 
iu^ that year, he rx'thwl to private life. 
lie vlie\l Matvh I. lSif7, .\irvvl slxty-eijiht. 
Having uo chiUUvu, Mr. Uoiv left valuaWe 
bev^uests to the American Aeademy and 
the Uistorieal Si^HMety. of whieh he was a 
luemlXH'-. and he made Uarvai\l CoUejiv. 
of which instlcuiiott he havl been a Fellow 
ami Tnistee. his ivsiduary Icjrattv. lie 
wtts tVr a time the l<'i;al tutor and adviser 
of Pauiei \\>bsiw. 

€w0i^httm* B«*it/<:imu».— He was born 
iu Crtarle*cowu. Mas^iachusetts. February 
IS. ITT^. and died iu lJvV>tou. Scptetu^er 
a?. lisVi. He ^iiraduated at t.'ambriv.l5r^> lu 
17tM>, studied law with Th».H>philus l^*i^ 
sv>«s, of ]Sewburyix>re. and i\»se tv> emi- 
MeiK'tf at the bar of l$t.>*tou. Ue was a 
Kepr^seutative lu Cou^ivss. t\\i>m the Suf- 
folfe Pbtrict, frv>m I;<:iv> to l>>:*3,tVom lSi7 
to 1^1. anvl ftvm lJs:53 to ISo^. He was 
afterwarvls. fv>r a short time, membt^r of 
the State l^egislature. but sjxjut the cKxs- 
iu^ years of his UtV lu rvtiremeut. 

€ri>rhtttn, yathaniei,—tli' was boru 
lu Charle;>towu. Massachusetts, iu 113^; 
was a l>ele^te. t\vm that State, to the 
Ooutlneutal Cou^rtvssiu 17$i aiul 17^. auvl 
ft\nn 17js> tv^ I7S7. serving a i>ar5 of the 
time as Vresideut of that ovnly; t\wiueutly 
servevl lu the State Le^^islatuifV' ; ami was 
a membi^r of the Cvmveutiou callevl to 
tVamv the Fe<leral Coustitutlou. and si^mnt 
that ittstrttiueut; anvl he dievl Juue H, 
17t»<}. 

airman, IViUis ^.— He was bora 

iu Keucuckv . auvl, havit^; rx?iaovevlto luvU- 



ana. was electetl a Reprt»sentatlve In Oou- 
^iiivss, rt\>u» that State, tVouj lSti> to IS53; 
aud was i.«overnor of the Territory of 
Minnesota t\\>m 1S5S to IW7. 

0<*tty .Df»»»«>l.— He was born lu Con- 
necticut, aud, on jvmoviu;; to New York, 
was electevl a Ueprv^seutative iu Couiiivss 
tVom ljil7 to 1S31. 

Gouht, llc^rmnn i>.— He was bom 
In Connecticut, aud. having taken up his 
ivsideuce iu New York, was electevl a 
Uepivseutatlve lu Consrivss, fi\nu that 
State, fkvm IS40 to U<0.1.' Died in l>elhU 
I<ew York, iu l$o:J. 

irOtit'itiHt Theottot'et—UK" was a 

Ke^nvsentative in Cou^ivss. fi\>m South 
CatvUua, t\\^m 181S to lj>lo>. l^ied Jan- 
uary 17, l5^:h>, 

<Toraw, A* R.— He was born In 
Orauiiehurs. South l^uvUua, and was a 
Ivcpivseutative iu Con^ivss, flvm South 
Caivlina. fivm K^33 to l.^:?7. haviuir tlrst 
been elcctt^l fl^r the uuexphwl term of 
James <.>ve»"sH\'^'t. 

Ot'tthftm* t7^(iiw«».<8.— Born In Lincoln 
County. North Caivlina. iu January. 1793. 
He jji'tuluattHl at the Vuiversity of tluat 
State iu liSU: studied law, and pj-actised 
with suvvess for mauv- yeai-s; served four 
ye^u-s iu the State LejrisUatmv: aud was a 
ixcpivseutative iu Cv>u^iinvss. tVoni North 
Caivlina, fivm 1>;J3 to lS-t3. aiul fivm Ij^t^ 
to lji47. He stx^nt the cK>se of his life 
eu^iTv^iivd iu .Hjiricultural j^ursuits, aud du\l 
September i^y lc>ol. 

€rr(iA<tii>. JTames JFf.— He was elect- 
e<l a Kepivseutative. fivm >Je\v Y'ork, to 
the Thirty-sixth CoiViSrcs^s, servinjr as a 
member of the Committee on Aetxmuts. 

€rt^ha»H* Tf'iWi«*w.— He was born 
in 17isJ; lev.viveil a limited eilucatiou; 
was a member of the Couveutiou which 
tinuued the State Constitution of Indi.-inu: 
served many yeans iu both bi-auches of 
the State Le^islatuiv. aud was Speaker iu 
lSiV>: auvl was a Kepivseutacive in Con- 
jrress, f>om luvUaua, ftvin l$i>7 to l>Si>. 
bled near Yaloiua, Itnllaua, iu 1S^7. 

Gnthttm* WiUiam A. — He was 

Wru iu >kOrth Carv>liua. September 5, 
1S04, aud was the son of General J>.>seph 
Graham, of the Kevolutiou. He was edu- 
caievl at Chapel Hill Vuivei-siiy, wheiv he 
^raduate\.l iu ISi-l : studied law, auvl came 
to the bar at Newberu; servevl iu the 
State Leitist.atun? t>v>m IjsSS to ISStf. aud 
also in lSji> and l?5-tO: was a Senator iu 
Coi\i:rr?>s*, fh.>m North Carv>liua. fivm 1S41 
to lj^43; iu lJ>44 he was elei'tevl Goveruv>r 
of the State, aud re-electtxl iu ij^^t; -. he 
was Secivtary of the 2savy uuder Tivsi- 
^ deut Fillmore; aud subsequently was 



JilOOBAPHICAL ItECOBDS. 



159 



nominated for theomce of Vice-President 
on tliu tieiiet willi Wiiillcld Scolt. He wan 
also ii I)ei(';r:ite to tlie Pliiladelpliia "JS'a- 
tioiial Union Couventiou " of 18GG. 

Granger, Amos I*. — He was born 

in Siifliidd, liartlord County, Connectieut, 
in June, 1781); received a common-.sciiool 
education. In 1811 lie removed to Man- 
lius, New Yorl<, and was for a time Presi- 
dent of tliat corporation; served as a 
Captain of Militia at Suckett's Harbor in 
1812, and snl)seqnently became a General 
of Miliiia; in 1820 lie removed to Syra- 
cuse, and for many years devoted himself 
to ajj;ri(:iilMiral and mercantile pursuits. 
He was elected a Representative, from 
New York, to the Thirty-fourth and Thir- 
ty-flftli Congresses, servinjj chiefly on the 
Committee on Territories. In early life 
he became zealously attached to the 
Episcopal Church, and by his liberality 
and kiiowled;re of ecclesiastical history 
did much for the prosperity of the church 
in his seel ion of the country. lie was a 
cousin of Francis Granger. Died in Syra- 
cuse, New York, August 20, 18GC. 

Granger, Sradley F, — lie was 

born in New York, and elected a Ilepre- 
sentative, from Michigan, to the Thirty- 
seventh Congress, serving on the Com- 
mittee on Kevolutiouary Pensions. 

Granger, Francis. — He was born 
in Suflield, Hartford County, Connecticut, 
in 1787; graduated at Yale College in 
1811 ; and, on removing to New York, 
was for five years, from 1826, a member 
of the General Assemlily of tliat State. 
He was a Pepresentative in Congress, 
from New York, from 1835 to 1837, and 
again from 1830 to 1841, when he resigned, 
to receive from President Harrison tlie 
appointment of Postmaster-General. Since 
that time he lias lived in retirement. 

Grant, Ahrahain JP.— He was born 
in New York, and was a Representative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1837 
to 1839. 

Grantland, Seaton. — He was born 
in Virginia, and, having taken up his resi- 
dence near Milledgeviile, in Georgia, was 
elected a Representative in Congress, 
from that State, from 1835 to 1839. He 
was also a Presidential Elector. 

Gravely, Joseph, J. — He was bom in 

Henry County, Virginia, in 1828; received 
a common-school education, and spent his 
youth cliiefly on a farm. In 1853 and 1854 
he was elected to the Virginia Legislature ; 
during tlie latter year he i-eraoved to Mis- 
souri ; was elected to the Convention of that 
State in 18C0; in 18G2 he was elected to 
the Senate of the State, and re-elected in 
18G4; liad command during a part of the 
Eebellion as Colonel of the Eighth Regi- 



ment of Missouri Cavalry. After the close 
of the war he turned his attention to the 
practice of law, and in IBGO he was 
elected a Representative from Missouri 
to the Fortieth Congress, serving on the 
Committees on the Militia, and li^ducatiou 
and Labor. 

Graves, William J".— He represent- 
ed the State of Kentucky in Congress 
from 1835 to 1841. In 1838 he engaged in 
a duel with Jonathan Cilley, in which the 
latter was killed. Died at Louisville, Sep- 
tember 27, 1848, aged forty-three years. 

Gray, Edward.— lla was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Virginia, 
from 1799 to 1813. 

Gray, Hiram.— lie was a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from New York, from 
1837 to 1839, and in 18G7 received from 
Union College the degree of LL.D. 

Gray, John C— He was born in 
Southampton County, Virginia, and was 
a Representative in Congress, from that 
State, from 1820 to 1821, for the unex- 
pired term of James Johnson. 

Grayson, William. — Was a native 
of Virginia, and a member of the Conti- 
nental Congress. In 1788 was a member 
of the Convention of Virginia which as- 
sembled to consider the Constitution of 
the United States, and made himself con- 
spicuous both by his talents and his union 
with Henry in opposing the adoption of 
the Constitution. From 1789 to 1790 lie 
was a Senator of the United States, and 
died at Dumfries, while on his way to tlie 
Seat of Government, March 12, 1790. 

Grayson, Williain J".— He was born 

in Beaufort, South Carolina, in 1788; grad- 
uated at the South Carolina College in 
1800 ; was bred to the legal profession ; 
was a Commissioner in Equity of South 
Carolina for many years ; a member of the 
.State Legislature in 1813; and a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from 1833 to 1837; 
and by President Taylor he was appointed 
Collector of the Customs of Charleston, 
holding the office until 1853. He subse- 
quently devoted himself to planting. He 
published "The Hireling and tlic Slave," 
" Chicora, and other Poems," and was the 
author of a "Life of J. L. Petigru." Died in 
Newberu, October 4, 18G3. 

Greeley, Horace. — Was born at Am- 
herst, in New Hampshire, February 3, 
1811. Until the age of fourteen he at- 
tended a common school during winter, 
working in summer on liis father's farm. 
In 182G, his parents having removed to the 
State of Verminit, Horace, who had early 
shown a fondness for reading, especially 
newspapers, and had resolved to be a 
printer, endeavored to find employment as 



160 



BIOaBAPIIICAL BECOBDS. 



an apprentice in a printing-office in "White- 
hall, but without success. He afterwards 
applied at the office of the " Northern Spec- 
tator," in Poultney, Vermont, where his 
services were accepted, and where he re- 
mained until 1830, when the paper was dis- 
continued, and he returned to work on his 
fatlier's farm. During the following year 
he arrived in the City of New York, where 
he obtained work as a journeyman printer, 
and was employed in various offices, with 
occasional intervals, for the next eighteen 
months. In 1834, in connection with 
-Jonas Winchester, he started the " New 
Yorker," a weekly journal of literature and 
general intelligence, and became its edi- 
tor. After struggling on for several years, 
the journal was abandoned. During its 
existence, Mi". Greeley published several 
political campaign papers, the *' Constitu- 
tion," the " jeffersonian," and the "Log 
Cabin." In 1841 he commenced the pub- 
lication of the " New York Tribune." In 
1848 he was chosen to fill a vacancy in the 
Thirtieth Congress, and served through the 
short term preceding President Tajior's in- 
auguration. In 1851 he visited Europe, and 
was chosen Chairman of one of the juries 
at the AYorld's Fair. He gave an account 
of his ti'avels in a series of letters to the 
"Tribune," which were afterwards collect- 
ed into a volume. He has also published a 
collection of his addresses, essaj's, etc., 
under the title of " Hints toward Reforms ;" 
and a work entitled "The American Con- 
flict." In 1804 he was Presidential Elec- 
tor, also a Delegate to the Philadelphia 
" Loyalists' Convention " of 1866, and to 
the "State Constitutional Convention" of 
1867. He was one of those who gave bail 
for Jefferson Davis in May, 1867. In No- 
vember he was appointed by President 
Johnson Minister to Austria, and was 
confirmed, but declined the position. 

Green, Bi/ram. — He was born in 
New York; served five years in the As- 
sembly of that State ; and was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from 1843 to 1845. 

Green, FredericTc TV. — He was born 
in Maryland, and, having removed to Ohio, 
was elected a Representative in Congress, 
from that State, from 1851 to 1855. 

Green, I, L, — He was born in Massa- 
chusetts ; graduated at Harvard Univer- 
sity, in 1781 ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from Massachusetts, from 1805 to 
1809, and again from 1811 to 1813. He 
died in 1841. 

Green, Innis. — He was born in Penn- 
sylvania, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1827 to 
1831. 

Green, James S. — He was born in 

Fauquier County, Virginia, February 28, 
1817 ; and in 1836, with uo fortune but a 



common English education, he removed 
to Alabama, where he remained one year, 
and then took up his residence in Mis- 
souri, with which State he has since been 
identified. After many struggles with the 
world, he was admitted to the bar in 1840, 
and soon thereafter entered upon a lucra- 
tive practice. He was a Presidential 
Elector in 1844; was a member of the 
Convention, held in 1845, for the revision 
of the Constitution of Missouri; and was 
elected a member of Congress in 1846, 
serving through two terras. He argued 
a boundary dispute case in the Supreme 
Court, by appointment of the Governor of 
Missouri; and in 1849 took the stump 
against the late Hon. Thomas H. Benton. 
In 1853 President Pierce appointed him 
to be Charged Affaires, and subsequently 
Minister Resident at Bogota, New Gra- 
nada. He was again elected a member of 
Congress in 1856, but before taking his 
seat he was chosen by the Legislature to 
represent the State of Missouri in the 
Senate of the United States, where he re- 
mained until 1861. During the first ses- 
sion of the Thirt3^-fifth Congress he was a 
member of the Committees on the Judi- 
ciary, and on Territories, and at the 
commencement of the second session of 
that Congress he was chosen Chairman of 
the Committee on Territories. 

Green, Willis. — He was born in Ken- 
tucky, and was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from that State, from 1839 to 1845. 

Greene, Albert C. — He was born in 
East Greenwich, Rhode Island, in 1792; 
read law in New York, where he was ad- 
mitted to the bar; returned to his native 
State, and there commenced the practice 
of his profession ; in 1815 he was elected 
to the General Assembly of the State ; in 
1816 was elected a Brigadier-General of 
Militia, and subsequently became aMajor- 
General; from 1822 to 1825 he served 
again in the Legislature of the State, and 
was chosen Speaker; from 1825 to 184cJ he 
was Attorney-General of the State; from 
1845 to 1851 he was a Senator in Congress 
from Rhode Island; and, having again 
served a term in each of the two houses of 
the State Legislature, he retired from pub- 
lic life in 1857. He received the degree of 
Master of Arts from Brown University in 
1827. Died at Providence, January 8, 
1863. 

Greene, Ray. — He was born in Rhode 
Island; graduated at Yale College in 1784; 
and was a Senator in Congress, from 
Rhode Island, from 1797 to 1801, when he 
resigned. 

Greene, Thomas JX. — He was a 

Delegate to Congress, from the Territory 
of Mississippi, from 1802 to 1803. 

Greenup, Christopher, — Hq was 



BIOGBAPIIICAL BECOBDS. 



IGl 



Governor of Kentucky from 180i to 1803; 
was a patriot of the American Revolution, 
and parlicipateclin tlie perils of the war. 
He was at various times a member of the 
Legislature of Kentucky, and a Represent- 
ative of that State in Congress, from 1792 
to 1797, and was a Presidential Elector iu 
1809. lie was a man of great usefulness 
in his native State, and died at Frankfort, 
Kentucky, April 24, 1818. 

Greenwood, A. B.— Born in Frank- 
lin County, Georgia, July 11, 1811 ; grad- 
uated at the Athens University, Georgia; 
is a lawyer by profession ; and was a mem- 
ber of the Legislature of the State of 
Arkansas, fi-om 18-12 to 1845. He was 
Prosecuting Attorney for said State from 
1815 to 1851 ; Circuit Judge from 1851 to 
1853 ; and elected a Representative in Con- 
gress, from 1853 to 1858, from Arlvansas, 
serving a portion of the time as Chairman 
of the Committee on Indian Aifairs. In 
1859 he was appointed, by President Bu- 
chanan, Commissioner of Indian Aflairs. 

Gregg, Andrew. — Born in Carlisle, 
Pennsylvania, June 10, 1755; he received 
a good classical education, and for several 
years was tutor in the University of Penn- 
sylvania. In 1783 he opened a country 
store in Middletown, Daupliin County, 
whence he removed, iu 1789, to a wilder- 
ness valley, where he commenced agricul- 
tural pursuits. In 1790 he was elected a 
Representative in Congress, from Penn- 
sylvania, serving from 1791 to 1807, and a 
Senator of the United States from 1807 to 
1813, serving for a time as President x>ro 
tern, of the Senate. In 1814 he removed 
to Bellefonte, and in 1816 he was appoint- 
ed Secretary of State of Pennsylvania. 
He was remai'kable for a sound and dis- 
criminating mind, agreeable and dignifled 
manners, and performed his duties with 
talent and iutegrity. He died at Belle- 
fonte, May 20, 1835. 

Gregg , J'ames 31. — Born in Patrick 
County, Virginia, June 26, 1806. He re- 
ceived only a common-school education, 
and was bred a practical farmer, but 
studied the profession of law; and in 1830 
he settled iu Hendrick County, Indiana. 
From 1834 to 1837 he was County Survey- 
or, and then chosen Clerk of the Circuit 
Court, serving till 1845. He was elected 
a Representative of the Thirtj^-flfth Con- 
gress, and was a member of the Commit- 
tee on Public Expenditures. 

Gregory, Dudley S. — He was born 

in Connecticut ; was at one time engaged 
in the iron business among the Adirondack 
Mountains of New York, and, having set- 
tled in New Jersey, was elected a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from that State, 
from 1847 to 1849. 

Greig, tTohn. — Born in Dumfries- 
11 



shire, Scotland, August 6, 1779; educated 
at the Edinburgh High School ; emigrated 
to America in 1797; settled iu Cauan- 
daigua, New York; studied law, and came 
to the bar in 1804 ; practised his profession 
until 1820, when he became President of 
the Outario Bank, which he held until 
1856 ; he was for many years a Regent of 
the New York University, and also a 
Vice-chancellor ; was long the active head 
of an Agricultural Society, and Avas one 
of the founders and corporators of the 
Ontario Female Seminary. His service iu 
Congress was for the term commencing 
in 1841, but he resigned at the close of the 
first session. Died at Cauandaigua, April 
9, 1858. 

Grennell, GeoT'flre.— Born in Green- 
field, Franklin County, Massachusetts, 
December 25, 1786; graduated at Dart- 
mouth College in 1808 ; studied law, and 
came to the bar in 1811 ; was Prosecuting 
Attorney for Franklin County from 1820 
to 1828; was a member of the State Sen- 
ate from 1824 to 1827 ; and was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from MassaoJiusetts, 
from 1829 to 1839. He was for niany years 
a member of the Board of Trustees of 
Amherst College, and iu 1854 the degree 
of LL.D. was conferred upon lii;n bylhat 
institution. From 1849 to 1853 he was 
Probate Judge for his county, and subse- 
quently settled down as Clerk of the 
Franklin County Court. He was the first 
man who proposed and advocated on tlie 
floor of Congress the recognition of Hayti. 

Grey, Benjamin E.—Rq was born 
in Kentuck3', and was a Representative iu 
Congress, from that State, from 1851 to 
1855. 

Grider, Senry. — Was born in Gar- 
rard County, Kentucky, July 16, 1793; re- 
ceived a good desultory education at Bowl- 
ing Green, and elsewhere ; studied law, 
and while engaged in practice, also de- 
voted some attention to fixrmiug. He ren- 
dered his first public service as a private 
iu the array, during the last war with Eng- 
land, having served with Shelby in his 
campaign to Canada; in 1827 and 1831 he 
was elected to the Legislature of Ken- 
tucky, and in 1833 to the State Senate, 
where he served four years. He was a 
Representative in Congress, from Ken- 
tucky, from 1843 to 1847, and was also re- 
elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress, 
serving on the Committees on Revolution- 
ary Claims and on Mileage. Re-elected to 
the Thirtj;-eighth Congress ; was a mem- 
ber of the Committee on the Territories. 
Re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, 
serving on the Committees on Territories, 
Mileage, and Reconstruction. Died in 
Warren County, Kentucky, September 14, 
1806. 

Griffin, Cyrus. — He was a native of 



1G2 



BIOaRAPIIICAL ItECOBDS. 



England; was educated in that conntrj'; 
"was a Dc'kijate to the Continental Con- 
gress, from Vii'iiinia, from 1778 to 1781, 
and again from i787 to 1788, and was Pres- 
ident of that body daring the latter year. 
He was appointed in 1789 Judge of the 
District Court of the United States, serv- 
ing in that office for twenty-one years. 
He died in Yorktown, December 10, 1810, 
aged sixtjf-two years. 

Griff.li, Isaac— He was born in Penn- 
sylvania, and was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from that State, from 1813 to 1817. 

Grlffln, tfohti K.—Hc was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from South Caroli- 
na, from 1831 tols-tl, and died at Milton, 
Soutli Carolina, August 1, 18il. 

Griffin, Samuel,— He was a Eepre- 
sentative in Congress, from Virginia, from 
1789 to 1795, and was one of those who 
voted for locating the Seat of Govern- 
ment on the Potomac. 

Griffin, Thomas.— B.e was a Eepre- 
scntativc in Congress, from Virginia, from 
1803 to 1805. 

Grimes, James JF. — He was born 

in Deering, Hillsborough County, New 
Hampshire. October IG, 181G; commenced 
his education at Hampton Acadeu!.v, and 
graduated at Dartmouth College in" 183G. 
Soon after that time he emigrated to the 
West, and in 1838 was elected to the first 
General Assembly of the Territory of 
Iowa, to wliich he was frequently re-elect- 
ed. He was Governor of the" State of 
Iowa from 185i to 1858, and in 1859 he was 
elected a Senator in Congress, from that 
State, for six years, serving as Chairman 
of the Committee on the District of Co- 
lumbia, and also of that on Naval Afl\virs, 
and as a member of those on Public Lands 
and Public Uuildings. He was also a Del- 
egate to the •' Peace Congress " of 1861. He 
was re-elected to the Senate for the term 
commencing in 18G5, and ending in 1871; 
and in 18G5 received from the Iowa Col- 
lege the degree of LL.D. He was also a 
member of the Special Joint Committee on 
the Kebellious States, that on Contingent 
Expenses of the Senate, and that on^Ap- 
propriatious; and he was one of the Sen- 
ators designated by ths Senate to attend 
the funeral of General Scott in 18G6. 

Grinnell, tTosepJi.— Be was born in 
New Bedford, Massachusetts, November 
17, 1788. His early education wa^ re- 
ceived at private schools, and was 
moulded in view of a mercantile life ; he 
commenced business in New York as a 
commission merchant in 1809. and contin- 
ued there until 1829. for tlve years, being 
connected with John H. Howland, eleven 
years with Preserved Fish, and four years 
with his brothers, Moses H. and Henry 



Grinnell; in 1829 he retired from the New 
York concern, and visited Europe; on his 
return he settled in his native place, de- 
voting himself to commerce generally, and 
especially to the whale fishery. Among 
the laborious positions which he has long 
held in New Bedford, are those of Pi-esi- 
dent of the Marine Bank, of the New 
Bedford and Taunton Railroad, and of the 
Wamsutta Cotton-mill. In 1839, 1840, and 
1841, he was a member of the Governor's 
Council of Massachusetts; he was elected 
a Representative to Congress in 1843, and 
was three times re-elected, serving on the 
Post Office and Commerce Committees, 
and originating the idea of a reduction of 
postage and the establishment of life- 
boats. Indeed, so great was Mr. Grin- 
nell's influence on the floor of Congress, 
as ever}' measure he proposed seemed to 
succeed, he was playfully designated by 
liis friends as one of the most dangerous 
men in the House. 

Grinnell, JosiaU JB. — He was born 
in New Haven, Vermont, December 22, 
1821 ; received a collegiate and tlieologi- 
cal education; went tcTlowa in 1855, and 
turned his attention to fiirming, having 
been the most extensive wool-grower in 
the State, to which he has devoted special 
attention; was a member of the State 
Seuate for four years ; a special agent for 
the General Post Office for two years ; and 
was elected a Representative, from Iowa, 
to the Thirty-eighth Congress, serving on 
the Committee on Post Offices and Post 
Roads. Re-elected to the Thirty-ninth 
Congress, serving on the Committees on 
Freedmen, on Agriculture, and on the 
Postal Railroad to New York. In June, 
1S6G, L. H. Rousseau, a fellow-member, 
made a personal assault upon him for 
words spoken in debate, whicli i-esultedin 
a resolution, which was passed, I'eprimand- 
iug the assailant for "violating the rights 
and privileges of the House." 

Grinnell, Moses B".— Born in New 
Bedford, Massachusetts, March 3, 1803; 
was educated at private schools and at 
Friends' Academy; was bred a merchant, 
and frequently went abroad as supercargo ; 
and he w^as a Representative in Congress, 
from New^ York, from 1839 to 1841. He 
was also a Presidential Elector in 1856. 
Moses H., Henry Grinnell, and Robert B. 
Minturn, were the gentlemen composing 
the distinguished firm of Grinnell, Min- 
turn, & Co., the house taking that title in 
1829, though iu reality founded man}' years 
before by Joseph Grinnell and Preserved 
Fish. 

Grisivold, Gai/lord.— He graduated ' 
at Yale College in 1787 ; was a member of i 
the New York Assembly from 1796 to 1798 ; ' 
and a Representative in Congress, from 
New York, from 1803 to 1805; aud died 
in 1809, 



BIOGBAPHICAL REC0BD8. 



1G3 



Griswoldf John A. — He was born 
in Rensselaer County, New York, about 
the year 1822 ; was educated for the mer- 
cantile profession ; settled himself in the 
iron trade, to which, in connection with 
banking, he has ever been devoted. He 
served one term as Mayor of the City of 
Troy, and in 1862 he was elected a Repre- 
sentative from New York to the Thirty- 
eighth Congress, serving on the Commit- 
tee on Naval Affairs. Re-elected to tlie 
Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the 
Committees on the Death of President 
Lincoln and Naval Affairs. Re-elected to 
the Fortieth Congress, serving on the 
Committee on Ways and Means. 

Grlstvold, Roger. — Born in Lyme, 
Connecticut, May 21, 1762; graduated at 
Yale College in 1780, and studied law, in 
the practice of which he became eminent. 
From 1795 to 1805 he was a Repi-esenta- 
tive in Congress from Connecticut. In 
1801 he declined the appointment of Sec- 
retary of War, offered him by President 
Adams a few days pi'evious to the acces- 
sion of President Jefferson. In 1807 he 
was chosen a Judge of the Supreme Coui-t 
of the State; was Lieutenant-Governor 
from 1809 to 1811, and then elected Gov- 
ernor ; while holding that office he refused 
to place four companies under General 
Dearborn, at the requisition of the Presi- 
dent, for garrison purposes, deeming the 
requisition unconstitutional, as they were 
not wanted to " repel invasion." In 1809 
he was also a Presidential Elector. A 
scene that occuri-ed between him and Mat- 
thew Lyon on the floor of Congress was 
one of great excitement. He received 
from Harvard College the degree of LL.D. 
He died in 1812. 

Griswold, Stanley.— Born in Tor- 
ringford, Connecticut, November, 1768; 
graduated at Yale College in 1786; and 
was a clergyman. In 1804 he became the 
editor of a Democratic paper in Walpole, 
New Hampshire, but was soon after ap- 
pointed by President Jefferson Secretary 
of the Territory of Michigan. He was a 
Senator in Congress, from Ohio, in 1809, 
but was superseded by A. Campbell ; and 
he was United States Judge for the North- 
western Territory. He died at Shawnee- 
town, Illinois, August 21, 1814. 

Groeshech, William S.— He was 

born in New York about the year 1826 ; 
studied law, and removed to Cincinnati, 
where he engaged in the practice of his 
profession; in 1852 he was a member of 
the Commission appointed to codify the 
laws of Ohio ; was a member in 1851 of the 
"State Constitutional Convention;" was 
elected a Representative, from Ohio, to 
the Thirty-flfth Congress, serving on the 
Committee on Foreign Affairs ; was a mem- 
ber of the "Peace Congress" of 1861, and 
in 1862 was elected to the Senate of Ohio. 



He was also a Delegate to the Philadel- 
phia "National Union Convention" of 
1866, and was one of the counsel for An- 
drew Johnson during his Impeacluuent 
Trial in 1868. 

Gross, Ezra C— He was born in 
Windsor County, Vermont; graduated at 
the University of Vermont in 180r>; prac- 
tised law at Elizabethtown, New York; 
was Surrogate of Essex County, from 1815 
to 1819; was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from New York, from 1819 to 1821; 
and was elected to the Assembly of that 
State in 1828 and 1829, but died before the 
close of his second term. 

Gross, Samuel. — He was a native of 
Montgomery County, Pennsylvania, and 
was a Representative in Congress, from 
that State, from 1819 to 1823. 

Grosvenor, Thomas P. — Born in 
Pomfret, Connecticut, in 1780, and died 
April 25, 1817. He graduated at Yale Col- 
lege in 1800, and, after studying law, re- 
moved to New York; served a number of 
years in the Legislature of that State, and 
was elected to Congress as a Representa- 
tive, serving from 1813 to 1817. 

Grout, Jonathan. — He was born in 
Lunenburg, Worcester County, Massachu- 
setts, July 23, 1787; was an officer in the 
colonial service in the French and Indian 
war of 1757-1760 ; studied law and settled 
in Petersham, Worcester County, Massa- 
chusetts. Was an active and energetic 
Whig through the Revolutionary war; 
served for a short time in the Revolution- 
ary army ; was for some j'ears a member 
of the "General Court," or House of Rep- 
resentatives of Massachusetts ; and in 1789 
was elected a member of the First Con- 
gress, in which he served from 1789 to 1791. 
He subsequently devoted himself to his pro- 
fession, and died while attending Court at 
Dover, New Hampshire, September 8, 1807. 

Grove, William B. — He was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from North Caro- 
lina, from 1791 to 1803. 

Grover, Asa P. — Born in Ontario 

County, New York, in 1819 ; educated at 
Centre College, Kentucky, of which State 
he became a resident in 1847 ; studied and 
practised law; was elected to the State 
Senate in 1857; re-elected in 1861, hold- 
ing the position eight years ; and was 
elected a Representative, from Kentucky, 
to the Fortieth Congress, serving on the 
Committee on Expenditures on the Public 
Buildings, 

Grover, Lafayette.— W as born in 
Bethel, Oxford County, Maine; graduated 
atBowdoin College; studied law in Phila- 
delphia, where he was admitted to the bar 
in 1850, and soon afterwards took up his 



uu 



BlOOIixirillCAL I^ECOUDS. 



residence in S:\lem. Oreiron TorrUory. In 
IS.')! ho was elected rroseciitiiiii Attorney 
lor the Territory ; in lfr)2. Auditor of 
Public Accounts :" served three years in the 
Territorial Legislature ; saw some service 
in the Indian wars ofOresjon; was a Com- 
missioner in 1854 to adjust tl\e claims of 
citizens of Oregon against the United 
States; he was appointed in l^oG one of 
the Couunissiouers to Investigate the In- 
dian war claims against the General Gov- 
ernment ; and, having been an active meui- 
ber of the Convention of lSo7 to form a 
State Constitution, lie was subsequently 
elected the tlrst Kepreseutativo in Con- 
gross from the prospective State, and took 
his scat as such in February, ISo'J. 

Grorer. Martin.— "He was a native 
of New York, and a Keprosentative in 
Congress, from that State, from lS4j to 
1S47; auii was subsequently a Judge of the 
Supreme Court of New York. 

Grow, Ga7iisha ^1.— T5orn in Ash- 
ford, Windham Ct^unty, Connecticut. Au- 
gust SI. lSi}r>; was educated at .\mherst 
Colleiie. graduating in 1844: adopted the 
law as a profession, and was admitted to 
the bar in 1847 ; and. having settled among 
the mountains of rennsylvania. and his 
health, in 1850. being delicate, he amused 
himself by surveying wild lands and raft- 
ing; and in 1850 he was elected a liepre- 
seutative in Congress, from Pennsylvania, 
where he served as a member of the Com- 
mittee on Territories and Public Printing. 
When Mr. Banks was Speaker of the 
House of IJepresentatives, Mr. Grow was 
Chairman of the Committee on Territo- 
ries; and during one of the recesses of 
Congress he visited Europe, lie was re- 
elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, serv- 
ing as Chairniivn of the Committee ou 
Territories. Ke-elected to the Thirty- 
seventh Congress, and was choseu Speaker 
of the House of Kopreseutatives. He was 
also a Delegate to the ••Boltimoi-e Cou- 
veutiou" of 18G4. 

Gritndi/, Fel'iJC. — Born in Virginia, 

September 11. 1770; he removed with his 
father to Kentucky, and was educated at 
Bardstown Academy: studied law, and 
soon became distinguished at tiio bar. Ho 
commenced his public career, at the age of 
twenty-two. as a member of the Conven- 
tion for revising the Constitution of Ken- 
tucky : was afterwards, for six or seven 
years, a member of the Legislature of that 
State. In 180i) he was elected one of the 
Judges of the Supreme Court of Kentucky, 
and was soon st'ter Chief Justice. In 1807 
he removed to Nashville, Tennessee, and 
became eminent as a lawyer. From 1811 
to 1814 he was a Keprosentative in Con- 
gress from Tonnossee. and during several 
years after was a member of the Legisla- 
ture of that State. From 18i'ii to 1838 he 
wa;i United. States Seuaior, and in the 



latter year was appointed by President 
Van Ruren .Vttorney -General of the United 
States; in 1840 he resigned this position, 
and was again elected Senator. He died 
at Nashville, Tennessee, December 19, 
1840. 

Gunn, fJames. — IIo was a Senator of 
the United States, from Georgia, from 1789 
to 1801. auvl died iu Louisville, in that 
State. July oO. 1801. He was one of those 
who voted for locating the Seat of Govern- 
ment on the Potomac. 

Gitrlei/, lieu r II JET.— IIo was born ia 
Lebanon. Connecticut, in 17S7: w:\s edu- 
cated at Williamstosvn College; studied 
law, and settled at an early day in Louisi- 
ana; and he was a Hepresentative in (.'on- 
gress. from that State, from 1823 to 1831. 
He previously held the otlice of United 
States Judge of the District Court of Lou- 
isiana, and died in 1832. 

Gurleif, John A. — Born in East 
Hartford. Connecticut. December 9, 1813; 
received an academic education; studied 
for the ministry, and was settled as a 
preacher at Methuen. Msissachusetts. from 
1834 to 1837, when ho removed to Cincin- 
nati. Ohio, where ho 'published a paper, 
called the " Star of the West," for tifteeu 
years. In 1858 he was elected a Repre- 
sentative, from Ohio, to the Thirty-sixth 
Congress, otliciating as Chairman of the 
Committee on Printing. Re-elected to 
the Thirty -seventh Congress, serving on 
the Committees on Commerce, and ou 
Roads and Canals. Died at Cincinnati, 
August 19. 18i)3. while holding the otlice 
of Governor of Arizona, conferred upon 
him by President Lincoln. 

Gustine, Amos.— lie was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Pennsylvania, 
from 1841 to 1843. and died in Lost Creek 
Viilley. Pennsylvauia, March 3, 1844. 

Guthrie, iTaines.—Tle was born near 
Bardstown, Nelson County, Kentucky, 
December 5, 1792; educated at the Bards- 
town Academy. When twenty years of 
age commenced trading with New Orleans 
as the owner of tlat-boa^s ; studied law. and 
in his tweuty-tifth year settled at Louis- 
ville as a lawyer. For a time he hold the 
olHce of Prosecuting Attorney for the coun- 
ty iu which he lived, and for many years 
practised his profession with success. Dur- 
ing that period he was shot by a political 
opponout, and was in consequence cou- 
lined to his bod for three years. He served 
nine years in the Legislature of the State 
and six years in the State Senate ; was Pres- 
ident of the " State Constitutional Conven- 
tion" of 1851; took an active part iu the 
banking business of Louisville, and. after 
originating, became President of the Nash- 
ville lUid Louisville Ktiilroad. In 1S53 he 



1 



BTOGIiAPIirCAL RECOTIDS. 



165 



went into Preslflent Pierce's cabinet as 
Secretary of tlie Treasury ; was a Deleji:at(! 
to tiie •' Cliicago Convention" of isGl; 
and was elected a Senator in C.>i)f?re.ss, 
from Kentuclvy, in 1805, for the term end- 
ing in 1871, serving on tlie Coininittees on 
Finance, Agriculture, Patents, Appropria- 
tions, and Mines and Mining, lie was also 
a Delegate to the Pliiladelphia "National 
Union Convention" of 18Gi3. Resigned in 
February, 18G8, ou account of his health. 

Guy on, Jr., James. — Tie was born 
in Uiclunond County, New York, in 1777; 
represented Staten Island in the Legisla- 
ture of New York a number of years, and 
was a member of Congress from 1819 to 
1821. lie died ou Staten Island, March 8, 
181(). 

Owin, William M. — Born in Sum- 
ner County, Tennessee, October 9, 1805; 
graduated at Transylvania University, 
Lexington, Kentucky, and studied medi- 
cine as a profession; he was appointed 
United States Marshal for Mississippi ; and 
elected a Representative in Congress, from 
tliat State, serving from 1811 to 1843. He 
was Commissioner of Public Buildings to 
superintend the erection of tlie New Or- 
leans Custom House; a member of the 
Convention for framing the Constritutlon 
of California, and was one of tlie first 
United States Senators from that State, 
having been elected in 1850 for six years, 
and re-elected in 1856 for ihe term vvliich 
expired in 1801. He was Cliairuian of the 
Committee on the Pacific Railroad, and a 
member of the Committees on Flnance,and 
on P.ist Offices and Post Roads. During 
the Rebellion he was arrested and impris- 
oned for Ills opposition to tlie Federal 
Government, but was released on his pa- 
role oy President Johnson in 1800. 

Gwinnett, Button.— lie was born in 
England in 1732; received a good educa- 
tion ; came to America in 1770, and settled 
la Charleston, South Carolina; was de- 
voted, first to commercial pursuits, and 
afterwards to planting, in Georgia; he 
joined the popular party, and was conspic- 
uous at revolutionary committees; he was 
a Deloirate to the Continental Congress, 
from 1775 to 1776, and was one of the sign- 
ers of the Declaration of Independence. 
He w;is a member, in 1777, of the Conven- 
tion to form a State Constitution for Geor- 
gia; was re-elected to Congress, but, hav- 
ing fought a duel with General Mcintosh, 
he was mortally wounded, and died May 
27, 1777. 

Habersham, JosepJi.—lle was born 
in Georgia; served with distinction in the 
Revolutionary war as a Lieutenant-Col- 
onel; was a Delegate, from Georgia, to tlie 
Continental Congress from 1785 to 1786; 
was appointed by Washington Postmaster- 
General in 1795, and having been con- 



tinued in oflflce by Presidents Adams and 
Jelferson, resigned in 1802. Died ia 
Georgia in 1815. 

Habersham, Richard W.—Ue was 
born ill Savannah, Georgia, in 1780, and 
was educated at Nassau Hall, New Jersey, 
where he graduated in 1805. He distin- 
guished himself as a lawyer, and occupied 
many stations of trust in his native State, 
and was a Representative in Congress 
from 1839 to 1843, where he commanded 
great respect f.)r his political integrity. 
He died in Habersham County, Georgia, 
December 2, 1844. 

Hachett, Thotnas C.—Ue was born 
in Georgia, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1849 to 
1851, and was a member of the Committee 
on Indian Affairs. Died at Marietta, 
Georgia, October 8, 1851. 

Hacliley, Jr., Aaron.— V>nxw in 
New Haven, Connecticut, and was a mem- 
ber of the New York Legislature in 1814, 
1815, and 1818, and a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1819 to 
1821. 

Hahn, John. — He was a Represent- 
ative in Couiiress, from Pennsylvania, 
from 1815 to 1817. 

Hahn, 3Iichael. — Born in Bavaria, 
in November, 1830; was brought to the 
United States when a child, and settled ia 
Louisiana; received a public-school educa- 
tion in New Orleans, and received the 
degree of LL.D. in the University of 
Louisiana; adopted the profession of law; 
and in 1802 was chosen a Representative to 
the Thirty-seventh Congress, — he and B. 
F. Flanders having been elected during 
the military rule in Louisiana. He took 
his seat at the close of the session. In 
1804 he was elected Governor of Louisiana 
for the term ending in 1868. 

Halght, Charles.— I^q wa'j born at 
Cok's Neck, Monmouth County, New Jer- 
sey, January 4, 1838; graduated at Prince- 
ton College in 1857 ; studied law and came 
to the bar in 1862 as an attorney, and in 
1864 as a counsellor; was elected to the 
New Jersey Legislature in 1861 and 1802, 
and chosen Speaker in the latter year; 
was a Delegate to State Conventions in 
1864 and 1865; was commissioned a 
Brigadier-General of Militia in 1801, and 
rendered eflective service in raising troops 
for the war; and in 1806 he was elected a 
Representative from New Jersey to the 
Fortieth Congress, serving on the Com-- 
raittee on Naval Affairs. • 

Haight, Edward.— Bovn. in New 

York City, March 26, 1817; was educated 
at a private school ; entered a counting- 
house, and turned his whole atteutiou to 



166 



BIOGBAPEICAL BECOBDS. 



mercantile pursuits ; became a director in 
the National Bank of New York, and sub- 
sequently Vice-President of the Bank of 
the Commonwealth, and finally President, 
"Which position he still occupies. Besides 
acting as a director in six or seven banks 
and insurance coaipanies, he has frequently 
served as an officer in various benevolent 
institutions. In 18G0 he was elected a 
Representative, from New York, to the 
Thirty-seventh Congress, serving on the 
Committee on Manufactures. 

Salle f William.— Tie was born in 
171)7, and died at Woodville, Mississippi, 
March 7, 1837. He was a member of 
Congress, from Mississippi, from 1826 to 
1828. 

Sale, Artetnas.— Born in "Winchen- 
don, Worcester County, Massachusetts, 
October 20, 1783, and pursued the occupa- 
tion of a fiirmer until twenty-one years 
of age, having received only a common- 
school education. He Avas a teacher in 
Hinghaui for ten j'cars, and then removed 
to Bridgewater, where he engaged In 
manufacturing. He was a Representative 
in the Legislature for several years, and a 
State Senator in 1833 aud 183-1. In 1853 
he was a member of the '• State Constitu- 
tional Convention," aud a Representative 
in Congress, from Massachusetts, from 
1845 to lSi9. In 186i he was also a 
Presidential Elector. 

Sale, James T.— He was born in 
Bradford County, Pennsylvania, in Octo- 
ber, 1810; received a common-school 
education ; studied law, and was admitted 
to the bar in 1832; in 1851 he was 
appoiuted President Judge in the Twen- 
tieth Judicial District of Pennsylvania, 
and in 1858 was elected a Representative, 
from Pennsylvania, to the Thirty-sixth 
Cougress, serving as a member of the 
Committee on Claims. Re-elected to the 
Thirty-seventh Congress, serving on the 
Committees on Claims, and on Roads and 
Canals. Re-elected to the Thirty-eighth 
Cougress, and was Chairman of the 
Committee on Claims. DiedatBellefonte, 
Pennsylvania, April 7, 1865. 

Sale, John P. — Born in Rochester, 
Stratlbrd County, New Hampshire, IMarch 
81, 1806. After preparing himself at 
Exeter Academy, he entered Bowdoiu 
College, and graduated iu 1827. He 
studied law, and was admitted to the bar 
in 1830; in 1832 he was elected to the 
State Legislature; in 1834 he was ap- 
pointed, by President Jackson, District 
Attorney fur New Hampshire, and re-ap- 
pjinted by President Van Buren; in 
1843 he was elected a Representative in 
Congress ; in 1846 he was again elected 
to the State Legislature, aud chosen 
Speaker; iu 1847 he was elected a Senator 
in Coug^j-ess, aud ufter serving until 1853, 



devoted himself for two years to his 
profession, and was re-elected in 1855 to 
the United States Senate, and in 1859 was 
re-elected for the term euding in 1865, 
serving as Chairman of the Committee on 
Naval Affairs, and member of that on 
Post Offices and Post Roads. In 1852 he 
was the Free-soil candidate for Vice- 
President of the United States. Soon 
after leaving the Senate, March 10, 1865, 
he was appoiuted, by President Lincoln, 
Minister to Spain. 

Sale, Hobei't S. — Born in Chelsea, 
Orange County, Vermont, September 24, 
1822; graduated at tlie University of 
Vermont in 1842; studied law, and after 
coming to the bar settled in the practice 
of his profession at Elizabethtown, Essex 
County, New York ; was Judge of Essex 
County from 1856 to 1864 ; was appointed 
in 1859 a Regent of the University of New 
York; in 1860 he Avas a Presidential 
Elector ; and he was elected a Represent- 
ative from New York to the Thirty-ninth 
Congress, in the place of Orlando Kellogg, 
deceased, serving on the Committees on 
the Militia, JNIauufactures, and Retrench- 
ment. He w^as also a Delegate to the 
"National Union Convention" at Phila- 
delphia, iu 1866. 

Sale, Sahna. — He was a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from New Hampshire, 
from 1817 to 1819, and a member of the 
State Legislature in 1823, 1824, and 1845, 
serving in both houses. Died November 
19, 1866, aged seventy-nine years. 

Sale, William,. — He was one of the 

most influential men of New Hampshire, 
and a member of Congress from 1809 to 
1811, and again from 1813 to 1817. Died 
at Dover, November 8, 1848, aged eighty- 
four years. 

Sale J/, Elisha. — He was born in 
Connecticut, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1835 to 
1839. 

Sail, Augustus. — He was born in 
New York, and elected a Representative 
in Congress, from Iowa, to the Thirty- 
fourth Congress. 

Sail, Sollinff. — He was a member 
of Congress, from Georgia, from 181 1 to 
1817; died near Montgomery, Alabama, 
March 25, 1836, aged sixty-seven years. 

Sail, CJiapin.— Born in Ellicott, 
Chautauque County, New York, July 12, 
1816; received a good English education; 
has devoted his life to mercantile pursuits 
in connection with lumbering; and was 
elected a Representative, from Pennsyl- 
vania, to the Thirty-sixth Congress, serv- 
ing as a member of the Committee oa 
Invalid Pensions. 



BIOGBAPIIICAL liECOBDS. 



107 



Mnll, fieorge. — He was born in New 
IlavL'u, Con.iecLicut; was a member of 
the Assembly of New York iu 1816, and a 
Representative in Congress, from that 
State, from 1819 to 1821. 

Hall, miand. — He was born in Ben- 
nington, Vermont, July 20, 1795. He 
spent his boyhood on his father's farm, 
receiving, as he could, a good English 
education; studied law, and was admitted 
to the bar in 1819 ; in 1827 he Avas elected 
to the State Legislature, and afterwards, 
for several 3-ears, was State's Attorney ; 
and he was a Representative in Congress, 
from Vermont, from 1833 to 18i3, offlciat- 
iiig fjr several sessions as Chairman of 
the Committee ou Revolutionary Claims. 
He was also Bank Commissioner for Ver- 
mont, from 18i3 to 1816; four years Judge 
of the Supreme Court; iu 1850 Second 
Comptroller of the Treasury; and in 1851 
was appointed, by President Fillmore, 
Land Commissioner for California, where 
he remained until 185-1, He subsequently 
resided on the farm where he was born, 
and was elected Governor of Vermont iu 
1858 ; in ISo'J he received from the Uni- 
versity of Vermont the degree of LL.D., 
and served as a Delegate to the " Peace 
Congress " of 1861. 

Hall, J'ohn»—B.e was a Delegate 
from Maryland to the Constitutional Con- 
vention from 1775 to 1776, and from 1783 
to 1781. 

Hall, Joseph.— Rq was born in Es- 
sex County, Massachusetts, June 26, 1793 ; 
received a limited education ; after leav- 
ing Audover Academy, went to Maine, 
and was a clerk in a store until he was 
twenty-one years of age ; served as Lieu- 
tenant of Militia in 1813-14; from 1817 
until 1819 was engaged in mercantile pur- 
suits; was Sheriff of two counties for 
twelve years ; and was a Representative 
in Congress, from Maine, from 1833 to 
1837, having been the first Northern man 
who voted against receiving slavery pe- 
titions. Before entering Congress he was 
for four years Postmaster of Camden, 
Maine; and, by President Polk, was ap- 
pointed Navy Agent of Boston in 1819. 
He has since been connected with the 
Boston Custom House. 

Hall, Lawrence, W. — He was born 
in Lake County, Ohio, in 1819; was edu- 
cated in that State; graduated at Hudson 
in 183;) ; was admitted to the bar in 1813 ; 
practised his profession until 1851, when 
Jie was elected Judge of the Court of 
Common Picas, which position he held 
until 1856, when he was elected a Repre- 
sentative, from Onio, to the Thirty-tifth 
Congress, serving as a member of the 
Cora\nittees on Agriculture, and on Pub- 
lic Buildings and Grounds. During the 
troubles of 1862 he was imprisoned for 



alleged disloyalty, and died soon after his 
release, iu Ohio, January 26, 1863. 

Hall, Ziytnan. — He was born in Con- 
necticut in 1725; graduated at Yale Col- 
lege in 1747; studied medicine and estab- 
lished himself in Sunbury, Georgia. He 
early espoused the American cause ; was a 
Delegate to the Continental Congress from 
1775 to 1779, and signed the Declaration 
of Independence. His property was con- 
fiscated by the British; in 1783 he was 
elected Governor of Georgia ; and he died 
in that State in 1791. 

Hall, Nathan ]&.— Born March 28, 
1810, at Marcellus, Onondaga County, 
New York. He read law in the oflice of 
Mr. ( afterwards President) Fillmore, and 
became his partner in the practice of their 
profession, at Bufi"alo, Erie County, New 
York, in 1832. He has held difi"erent ad- 
ministrative and judicial offices in his 
native State, served as a member of the 
State Legislature, and was a Representa- 
tive in Congress from 1817 to 1849. On 
Mr. Fillmore's accession to the Presiden- 
cy, in July, 1850, he was appointed to the 
oflice of Postmaster-General. He was 
subsequently appointed Judge of the 
United States District Court for Western 
New York. 

Hall, Obed. — He was a Representa- 
tive in Congress, from New Hampshire, 
from 1811 to 1813. 

Hall, Moberf jB.— Born in Boston, 

Massachusetts, January 28, 1812; was 
educated for the ministry ; was a member 
of the Massachusetts Senate in 1855 ; was 
elected a Representative to the Thirty- 
fourth Congress in that year, and was re- 
elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress in 
1857, serving as a member of the Com- 
mittee on Revolutionary Pensions, 

Hall, Thomas jff".— Born in Edge- 
combe County, North Carolina, in 1773; 
was educated for the medical profession; 
and was a Representative in Congress 
from 1817 to 1825, and again from 1827 to 
1835. In 1836 he served as a member of 
the State Senate, and voted against the 
reception of any of the surplus revenue 
of the United States Treasury by the 
State of North Carolina. He died in Tar- 
borough, June 30, 1853. 

Hall, Willard. — He was born in 
Westford, Massachusetts, December 24, 
1780; graduated at Harvard College in 
1799; he studied law, and was admitted 
to the bar in 1803 ; he removed to Dela- 
ware and practised his profession there; 
in 1811 he was elected Secretary of State 
in Delaware, and held that office three 
years; he was elected a Representative in 
Congress in 181i!, and re-elected in 1818; 
he was again Secretary of State in 1821; 



168 



BIOGBAPniCAL BEC'OIiDS. 



jn 1822 he was elected to the Legislature ; 
and iu 1823 was appointed, by Tresideiit 
Monroe, District Judge of the United 
States for Delaware ; in 1829 he revised 
the State Laws of Delaware, and in 1831 
he was a member of the " State Constitu- 
tional Convention." 

Sail, Willard P.— Tie was born in 
Virginia, and, on taking up his residence 
iu Missouri, was elected a Representative 
in Congress from 1847 to 1853. He was 
Lieutenant-Governor of that State iu 1861, 
- 1^62, and Acting Governor. 

Hall, Williant. — He was born in 

1774, and died in Sumner County, Ten- 
nessee, ill October, 1856. He was a Gen- 
eral of Militia, and a Representative in 
Congress, from Tennessee, from 1831 to 
1833. 

Hall, William A. — He was born in 
Maine, takfen to Virginia in early child- 
hood, and emigrated to Missouri in 1841. 
In 1844 he was a Presidential Elector; in 
1847 was appointed a Judge of the Circuit 
Court; was a member of the "Missouri 
Convention " of 1861 ; was elected a Repre- 
sentative, from Missouri, to the Thirty- 
seventh Congress, in the place of J. B. 
Clark, expelled; and in 1863 was re- 
elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, 
serving on the Committees on Roads and 
Canals, and Expenditures in the Post Of- 
fice Department. He was also a Delegate 
to the " Chicago Convention" of 1S64, and 
to the Piiiladelphia " NatlonalUnion Con- 
vention " of 1866. 

Halloclz, John, J'r. — He was born 
in Orange County, New York, and was a 
member of the Assembly of New York 
State, from Orange County, in 1816 and 
1817, and from 1820 to 1821 ; and a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from 1825 to 1829. 

Halloivay , Hansom. — A Represent- 
ative in Congress, from the Eighth Con- 
gressional District of New York, from 
1849 to 1851. He died in Mount Pleasant, 
Prince George County, Maryland, April 
6, 1851. 

Halsey, George A.—YLe was born 
in Springiield, Essex County, New Jersey, 
December 7, 1827; in 1844 he settled in 
Newark, and became engaged in the man- 
ufacturing business ; inl861 and 1862 he 
was elected to the State Assembly ; in the 
latter year he was appointed Assessor of 
Internal Revenue for the Eifth District of 
New Jersey, which he held until 1866, and 
was elected a Representative from New 
Jersey to the Fortieth Congress, serving 
on the Committees on Retrenchment, and 
the Distx'ict of Columbia. 

Halsey, Jehiel JH".— He was a mem- 
ber of the New York Senate from 1832 to 



1S35, having previously been a Represent- 
ative in Congress, Irom that State, from 
1829 to 1831. 

Halsey, 2ficoll. — He was a member 
of the New York^Assembly, from Tomp- 
kins County, in 1824, and a Representative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1833 
to 1835. 

Halsey, Silas. — He was a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from New York, from 
1805 to 1807, and, having previously been 
in the Assembly of that State for several 
years, was subsequently, for one year, a 
member of the State Senate. 

Halsted, William. — He was born in 
New Jersey; graduated at Princeton Col- 
lege in 1812; and was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1837 to 
1839, and again from 1841 to 1843. He 
was a candidate for election to the Twen- 
ty-sixth Congress, and, although he came 
with the broad seal of his State, he was 
not admitted. 

Hamer, Thomas L. — He was born 
in Pennsylvania; removed to Ohio when 
quite young; taught a common school; 
studied law, and came to the bar in 1821 ; 
sewed several sessions in the State Leg- 
islature, and was once elected Speaker. 
He was a Representative iu Congress, 
from Ohio, from 1833 to 1839, and died at 
Monterey, Mexico, while serving in the 
war, December 3, 1846. He entered the 
army as a private, and was promoted to 
the rank of Brigadier-General. It has 
been said to his credit that he was the 
Representative who nominated General U. 
S. Grant, as a Cadet to West Point. 

Hamilton, Alexander. — Born in 
the Island of St. Croix, of American 
parents, in 1757; when sixteen years of 
age he came to New York, and spent 
three years in King's College ; two years 
afterwards he entered the array as an 
officer of artillery, and became an Aide- 
de-Camp to Washington, with the rank 
of Lieutenant-Colonel ; he acquitted him- 
self with credit at the siege of Yorktown ; 
after the war he quitted the army, and 
turned his attention to the law in New 
York; he was a Delegate to the Conti- 
nental Congress in 1782-83, and in 
1787-88; in 1786 he was elected to the 
State Assembly; and he was elected to 
the Convention which formed the Federal 
Constitution. By his writings, signed 
Publius, he did much to secure its 
adoption, but was the only member from 
New York who signed that instrument. 
In 1789 he was appointed, by Washington, 
Secretary of the Treasury, and continued 
in that office until 1795, when he resigned. 
In 1798 he was associated with Washing- 
ton in command of the army; and in 1804 
he had a difficulty with Aaron Burr, which 



JBIOGBAPHICAL BECOSDS. 



1G9 



resulted ia a duel, which took place at 
Hobokeu, and, liavhig received afatalshot, 
died oa the following day, July 12, 1804. 
He was the author of a great variety of 
able essays on politics aud tinance, and 
especially of the largest number of chap- 
ters published in the " Federalist," and 
his collected writings were published iu 
an edition of seven volumes iu 1850. 

Hamilton^ Andrew tT.—Boru in 

Madison County, Alabama, January 28, 
1815; received a good common-school 
education, spending his earlier years on 
his father's farm. He held for some years 
the position of Clerk of the Circuit Court, 
and did business as a merchant ; he sub- 
sequently studied law, and was admitted 
to the bar; In 18-16 he removed to Texas, 
and devoted himself to his profession. 
In that State he held the office of Attorney- 
General ; served frequently iu the Legisla- 
ture; in 1853 was a Presidential Elector; 
and was elected a Representative from 
Texas to the Thirty-sixth Congress, serv- 
ing as a member of the Select Committee 
of Thirty-three. In 1882 he was ap- 
pointed, by President Lincoln, Military 
Governor of Texas; and in 18G5, by 
President Johnson, Provisional Governor 
of the same State. He was also a 
Delegate to the Philadelphia " Loyalists' 
Convention" of 1866, and also of the 
" Soldiers' Convention," held at Pittsburg. 

Matnilton, Cornelius S.— He was 

born In Mu.sklngum County, Ohio, Janu- 
ary 2, 1821; received a common-school 
education; studied law, but In addition to 
practising that profession he paid some 
attention to farming and banking, aud 
edited a newspaper; in 1850 he was 
elected to the " State Constitutional Con- 
vention;" in 1856 to the Senate of the 
State; was subsequently appointed an 
Assessor of Internal Revenue, and in 
1866 he was elected a Representative from 
Ohio to the Fortieth Congress, serving on 
the C:)ramlttee3 on Private Land Claims 
and Invalid Pensions. He was called 
from his duties In Washington to attend 
upon a son, who had suddenly become 
Insane, and by that son, in an unguarded 
moment, he was killed, at Marysville, 
Ohio, December 21, 1867. 

Hamilton, tTames.—'^ovn in Charles- 
ton, South Carolina, in 1789 ; was liberally 
educated; and adopted the law as a 
profession. In 1812 he served with dis- 
tinction on the Canadian frontier; was 
for several years Mayor of Charleston ; In 
1823 was elected to the State Legislature; 
and from that position was transferred to 
the National House of Representatives, 
where he remained until 1829. Ho was 
subsequently chosen Governor of South 
Carolina, aud, becoming interested in the 
Republic of Texas, helped to promote her 
independence, and went to Europe as 



Minister Plenipotentiary from that re- 
public. He did much to promote the 
interests of his native city and State, and 
was one of the founders of the " Southern 
Quarterly Review," and also of the Bank 
of Charleston. At the time of his death 
he was a Senator-elect in Congress, from 
Texas, but was drowned on his passage 
to Texas, November 15, 1857, by a col- 
lision between the steamers Galveston 
and Opelousas, having been a passenger 
on board the latter steamer. 

Hamilton, J'ohn. — He was at one 
time High Sheriff of Washington County, 
Pennsylvania, and a Representative ia 
Congress, from that State, from 1805 to 
1807. He died at home, August 31, 1837. 

Hamilton, William T.— He was 
born in Maryland, and was a Representa- 
tive in Congress, from that State, from 
1849 to 1855. 

JSatnlin, Edward S.— lle was a 

Representative in Congress, from Ohio, 
from 1844 to 1845. 

Hamlin, Hannibal.— Born in Paris, 

Oxford County, Maine, August 27, 1809 ; 
prepared himself for a collegiate educa- 
tion, but, owing to his father's death, was 
obliged to take charge of his farm, where 
he remained until he was of age ; he then 
spent a year in a printing-office as a com- 
positor; studied law, and was admitted to 
the bar in 1833, and continued in active 
practice until 184S ; was a member of the 
Maine Legislature from 1833 to 1840; and 
Speaker of the House in 1837, 1839, and 
1840; was elected a Representative to the 
Twenty-eighth Congress, and re-elected 
to the Twenty-ninth Congress; was again 
a member of the House of Representatives 
in the State Legislature in 1847; and 
elected to the United States Senate, May 
26, 1848, for four years, to fill a vacancy 
occasioned by the decease of John Fair- 
field. He was re-elected for six years in 
1851, and elected Governor of Maine, Jan- 
uary 7, 1857, resigning his seat In the Sen- 
ate and being inaugurated Governor the 
same day. On the sixteenth of the same 
month was re-elected United States Sen- 
ator for six years, and resigned the office 
of Governor, February 20, 1857. He 
served as a member of the Committees on 
Commerce and on the District of Colum- 
bia. In 1860 he was nominated by the 
Republican party as their candidate for the 
office of Vice-President, and was elected. 
In 1865 he was appointed, by President 
Johnson, Collector of Customs for the 
port of Boston. 

Hainmet, William, J. — He was 

born In Virginia; studied divinity; was 
Chaplain of the University of Virginia, 
when he finished his education ; was at one 
time Chaplain of Congress ; and a Repre- 



170 



BIOajiAPIIIOAL BECOBDS. 



sentative in Congress, from Mississippi, 
from 184:3 to 18i5. 

Saimnond, Edward. — lie was 

born in Maryland, and was a llepresenta- 
tive in Congress, from tliat State, from 
1849 to 1853. 

Satnniond, Jdbez J). — He was a 

lawyer and popular political writer of New 
York; did not receive a collegiate educa- 
tion, but Union College conferred on him 
the degree of A.M. He was a Represent- 
ative in Congress from New York, from 
1815 to 1817, and, on the expiration of his 
term, he was elected to the State Senate, 
of which he was a member until 1821. He 
visited Europe, in 1830, to restore his 
health. He was elected County Judge in 
1838, and about that time commenced his 
" Political History of the State of New 
York." In 18i5 he was elected to succeed 
Mr. Van IJuren as a Kcgent of the Uni- 
versity of New York, and held the office 
until his death. After his return from 
Europe, having withdrawn in a measure 
from public and professional life, Jie de- 
voted himself to literary pursuits, and pub- 
lished works entitled "Julius Melbonrn," 
"The Political History of New York." 
and the " Life and Times of Silas Wright." 
He died, August 18, 1855, in Cherry Valley, 
New York, his place of residence. 

Hatn^nond, Jaines JST.— Born in 

Newbury District, South Carolina, No- 
vember 15, 1807; graduated at the State 
College, Columbia, in 1827; practised law 
from 1823 to 1830 ; was editorof the '•South- 
ern Times ;" served his native State in Con- 
gress, from 1835 to 1837; after which he 
visited Europe for bis health. In 1841 he 
was appointed a General of Militia; and in 
1842 elected Governor of South Carolina. 
After spending about fifteen years in the 
quiet enjoyment of his plantation on the 
Savannah River, devoting himself to ag- 
ricultural and literary pursuits, he was, in 
November, 1857, elected to the United 
States Senate in place of A. P. Butler, but 
withdrew in December, 1860. He died at 
Lis residence, November 13, 1864. 

Hatnmond, Mohert XT.— He was 
boru in Pennsylvania, and was a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from that State, from 
1837 to 1841. Died June 2, 18i7. 

JSaniniond, Samuel. — Born in Rich- 
mond County, Virginia, September 21, 
1757 ; received as good an education as the 
country afforded at the time. AViieu quite 
young he volunteered in an expedition 
against the Indians under Governor Dun- 
more, and acquired distinction at the battle 
of the Kanawha. When the Revolution 
broke out he displayed great bravery and 
ability at the baitle of Long Bridge, at the 
siege of Savunnah, where he was made 
Assistant Quartermaster ; at the battle of 



Black Stocks, where he had three horses 
sliot from under him, and was woundeil. 
He was a member of the "Council of Capitu- 
lation" at Charleston; was at the battle of 
King's Mountain. He was also at the siege 
of Augusta ; at the battle of Cowpens ; the 
battle of Eutaw, wherehe was again badly 
wounded; and also at many others. After 
the war he settled at Savannah, and held 
many positions of trust and honor; in 1793 
he headed a volunteer corps, and did good 
service in the Creek country ; served a 
number of years in the Georgia Legisla- 
ture ; was one of the early Governors of the 
State; and he was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1803 to 
1805. He was also appointed, by President 
Jefferson, Military and Civil Commandant 
of Upper Louisiana; and Receiver of Pub- 
lic Money in Missouri. He was also Presi- 
dent of the Bank of St. Louis. In 1824:, 
he returned to South Carolina, and was 
elected to the Legislature of that State; 
was appointed Surveyor-General; and in 
1831, Secretary of State. He retired from 
public life in 1835, and died September 11, 
1842, leaving behind a brilliant reputation 
both as a patriot and as a man. 

Satninons, David.— lie was born in 
Oxford County, Maine, in 1807 ; received 
a limited education; studied law and com- 
menced the practice in Lovell, Oxford 
County, in 1836; was a member of the 
Senate of Maine in 1840 and 1341 ; and was 
a Representative in Congress, from Maine, 
from 1847 to 1849. Now living in Bethel, 
Maine, devoted to his profession. 

Uatnmons, Joseph.— ile was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from New 
Hampshire, from 1820 to 1833; and died 
at Farmington, in that State, April, 1836. 

JIainpton, James G.—lle was born 
in New Jersey ; graduated at Princeton 
College in 1835 ; and was a Representative 
in Congress, from his native State, from 
1845 to 1849. 

Hainpton, ilfoses.— Born in Beaver 
County, Pennsylvania, October 23, 1803, 
but removed with his father to Trumbull 
CountA"-, Chio, so that his opportunities for 
even a common-school education were lim- 
ited; he, however, by his own exertions, 
obtained a classical education, and gradu- 
ated at Washington College, Pennsylvania. 
He studied law at Uniontown, and was ad- 
mitted to the bar in 1829, and commenced 
to practise in Somerset, Pennsylvania, . 
where he I'emained until 1838, and then 
went to Pittsburg, and pursued the prac- 
tice of his profession. From 1347 to 1851, 
he was a Representative in Congress from 
Pennsylvania, and declined a re-election. 
In 1853, he was elected President Judge of 
the District Court for Alleghany County, 
and still holds that oilice. 



BIOOBAPIIICAL JRECOIiDS 



171 



Hampton, Wade.—THe was born in 
South Carolina, ill 1775; he toolv an active 
part in the war of the Revolution; was a 
Representative in Confjress from that State 
from 1795 to 171»7, and from 1803 to 1805; 
a Presidential Electorin 1801 ; also in 182!); 
commanded a bri<j;ade in 1812 on the north- 
ern frontier; he spent the larger part of 
his life engaged in agricultural pursuits, 
by Avhich he amassed a very large fortune, 
having been called the richest planter in 
the United States ; and he died at Colum- 
bia, South Carolina, February 4, 1834. 

Hanchettf Luther. — Was born in 
Portage County, Ohio, October, 25, 1825 ; 
received a good education at Fremont; 
studied law and commenced the practice 
when twenty-one years of age; emigrated 
to Wisconsin in 1849 ; spent some time en- 
gaged in the lead and lumbering business ; 
was four years District Attorney lor Por- 
lage County in his adopted State; from 
1856 to 1860 was a member of the Wiscon- 
sin Senate ; and in 1860 he was elected a 
Representative, from Wisconsin, to the 
Thirtj-^-seventh Congress, serving on the 
Committees on Public Expenditures, and 
Private Land Claims. Died at Madison, 
Wisconsin, November 26, 1862. 

Hancock, JoJin. — Born near Quincy, 
Massachusetts, in 1737; graduated at Har- 
vard University in 1754; was bred to com- 
mercial pursuits in the counting-house of 
an uncle, and visited Europe in 1760, and 
became a successful merchant. He was 
for many years one of the selectmen of 
Boston ; in 1766 went into the General 
Assembly of the State, where he became 
distinguished for his ability. He was 
among the first to repel the policy of Eng- 
land, and the first vessel seized by the rev- 
enue officers was his property. In 1774, 
he was unanimously elected President 
of the Provincial Congress, and, having 
been elected a Delegate to the Continental 
Congress in 1775, he was chosen President 
of that body, serving as such two years 
and a half, and as a Delegate from 1775 to 
1780, and from 1785 to 1786. He was the 
first man to sign the Declaration of Inde- 
pendence, and his peculiar signature is 
universally known ; and he also signed the 
Articles of Confederation. He was a mem- 
ber of the Convention to form a State 
Constitution ; was Governor of Massachu- 
setts for five years, after the adoption of 
its Constitution, and, under the Federal 
Constitution, from 1789 to near the close 
of the year 1793, when he died on the 8th 
of October. He was a bold and high-toned 
patriot, and possessed all the personal 
qualities of a good man and a true gen- 
tleman. 

HancocTi, George.— He was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from Virginia, 
from 1793 to 1797. He served as a Colo- 
nel in the Revolution; was greatly be- 



loved by his associates, and died at 
Fotheringay, Virginia, August 1, 1820, in 
the sixty-sixth year of his age. 

Hand, Augustus C— He was born 
in Shoreham, Addison County, Vermont, 
in 1806; and, having adopted the profes- 
sion of law, settled at Elizabelhtown, 
Essex County, New York. He was Sur- 
rogate of that County from 1831 to 1839 ; 
a Representative in Congress from New 
York, from 1839 to 1841; a member of the 
State Senate from 1845 to 1848; and was 
a Justice of the Supreme Court from 1848 
to 1856; after which he was wholly de- 
voted to the practice of his profession. 

Hand, Edward. — He was a Dele- 
gate from Pennsylvania 1o the Continental 
Congress, in 1784 and 1785. 

Hanna, John Jl.— -He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Pennsylvania, 
from 1797 to 1805. 

Hanna, Moberf. — He was a member 
of the Indiana "Constitutional Conven- 
tion ■' of 1816 ; a General of Militia ; was for 
many years in the State Legislature ; was 
a Senator in Congress, from Indiana, by 
appointment, from 1831 to 1832 ; took an 
active part for many years in the public 
affairs of his State ; and was killed by the 
cars, while walking on the track of a rail- 
road at Indianapolis, November 19, 1858. 

Hannegan, Edward A. — He was 

born in Ohio, but spent his boyhood in 
Kentucky ; received a good education, 
studied law, and vvas admitted to the bar in 
his twenty-third year, settling in Indiana. 
He was frequently a member of the State 
Legislature, and a Representative in Con- 
gress, from Indiana, from 1833 to 1837, 
and a Senator in Congress from 1843 to 
1849, otticiating a part of the time as 
Chairman of the Committee on Roads and 
Canals, and on Enrolled Bills. On his re- 
tirement from the Senate he was appoint- 
ed Minister to Prussia, and on his return 
from Europe took up his residence in 
Missouri. He died at St. Louis, February 
25, 1859. 

Hanson, Alexander Contee. — 

He was a lawyer by profession ; was a 
Presidential Elector in 1789 and 1793; 
and at one time edited a political newspa- 
per called the " Federal Republican," first 
at Baltimore and then at Georgetown, Dis- 
trict of Columbia. He was a bitter oppo- 
nent of the administration, and in 1812 
published an article which so irritated the 
populace that his printing-oftice in Balti- 
more was destroyed. He resolved to re- 
issue the paper, and took possession of a 
house for that purpose, supported by sev- 
eral political friends, well armed; the 
paper appeared next morning with an ar- 
ticle against the people and police of 



172 



BIOGBAPIIICAL BECORDS. 



Baltimore, and in the evening the house 
was attacked by a mob, vvhicli was, how- 
ever, repelled; but Mr. Hanson and his 
friends were obliged to surrender to the 
civil authorities for security, and were 
conducted to jail. That building was also 
attaclied, and he was thrown in front of 
the jail, with others, and left by the mob, 
supposed to be dead. Then it was that 
he issued his paper in Georgetown. He 
afterwards settled in Baltimore, and was 
elected a Representative in Congress, 
serving from 1813 to 1816, when he was 
elected a Senator of the United States 
from Maryland. He died at Belmont, 
April 23, 1819, aged thirty-three years. 

Sanson, John. — He was distin- 
guished as a friend of his country, and was 
a Delegate from Maryland fo the Conti- 
nental Congress from 1781 to 1783; Presi- 
dent of that body during the first session, 
and a signer of the Articles of Confeder- 
ation. He died in 1783. 

Haralson, Sugh A. — Born in 
Greene County, Georgia, November 13, 
1805. He graduated at the University of 
Georgia in 1825, and adopted the law as a 
profession, having, by an actx)f the Legis- 
lature, been permitted to practise before 
he was twenty-one. He was for many 
years a member of the Georgia Legisla- 
ture, and a Representative in Congress 
from 1843 to 1851. He died at home in 
October, 1851. He also participated in 
the military affairs of the State, and was a 
Major-General of Militia; and when in 
Congress was Chairman of the Committee 
on Military Affairs. 

Hard, Gideon. — He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from New York, 
from 1833 to 1837, and a State Senator 
from 1842 to 1847. 

Hardeman, Thomas, Jr.— Tie was 

born in Bibb County, Georgia, January 12, 
1825, and elected a Representative from 
that State to the Thirty-sixth Congress, 
serving on the Committee on Mileage. 
He had before served in the State Legis- 
lature. Joined the great Rebellion in 
1861. 

Hardin, Benjamin.— Tie was born 
in Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania, 
and was a Representative in Congress, 
from Kentucky, from 1815 to 1817, from 
1819 to 1823, and again from 1833 to 1837, 
and died at Bardstovvn, Kentucky, Sep- 
tember 24, 1852. 

Hardin, John J. — He was born at 
Frankfort, Kentucky, in 1810 ; was the son 
of M. D. Hardin, previously a member of 
Congress, He graduated at the Transyl- 
vania University; adopted the profession 
of law; and, having removed to Illinois, 
located in Jacksonville, where he prac- 



tised his profession with success. He 
held the olfice of Prosecuting Attorney 
for his Circuit; was a member of the Illi- 
nois Legislature from 1836 to 1842; was a 
Representative in Congress, from Illinois, 
from 1843 to 1845; and he commanded a 
regiment in the war with Mexico, and was 
killed at the battle of Buena Vista, while 
leading his men in the final charge, with 
heroic gallantry, February 23, 1847. 

Hardin, IMartin D. — He was born 
on the Monongaliela River, Western Penn- 
sylvania, June 21, 1780. He was educated 
chiefly at Transylvania Seminary, in Ken- 
tucky; studied law; served for several 
years in the Legislature of Kentucky ; was 
at one time Secretary of State for Ken- 
tucky; served in the North-western army 
as a Major; and was a Senator in Con- 
gress during the years 1816 and 1817. He 
had a supeiior mind, and as a lawyer 
was eminently successful. He died in 
Franklin County, Kentucky, October 8, 
1823. 

Harding, Aaron. — Was born in 
Greene County, Kentucky; spent his boy- 
hood on a farm ; studied law, and came to 
the bar in 1833, locating in Greene County ; 
in 1840 he was elected to the State Legis- 
lature, and in 1861 he was elected a Rep- 
resentative, from Kentucky, to the Thirty- 
seventh Congress, serving on the Com- 
mittee on Territories. I^e-elected to the 
Thirty-eighth Congress, serving on the 
Committee on the Post Office and Post 
Roads. Re-elected to the Thirty- ninth 
Congress, serving on the Committees on 
Banking and Currency, and Invalid Pen- 
sions. He was also a delegate to the 
Philadelphia "National Union Conven- 
tion" of 1866. 

Harding, Abner (7.— Born in East 
Hampton, Middlesex County, Connecticut, 
February 10, 1807; was educated chiefly 
at Hamilton Academy, New York ; prac- 
tised law in Oneida County, of that State, 
and fifteen years in Illinois ; managed farms 
in that State for twenty-five years ; was 
a member of the Illinois " Constitutional 
Convention" of 1848; served in the State 
Legislature in 1848-'49 and 1850; was for 
ten years engaged in managing railroads. 
In 1862 he enlisted as a private in the 
Eighty-third Illinois Infantry, and, having 
been appointed its Colonel, served with 
success at Fort Donelson; was made a 
Brigadier-General, and had command at 
Murfreesboro' in 1863, and in 1864 he was 
elected a Representative from Illinois to 
the thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the 
Committees on Manufactures, and on the 
Militia. Re-elected to the Fortieth Con- 
gress, serving on the Committees on the 
Union Prisoners, Claims, and the Militia. 

Harding, Benjamin 1^.— Born in 
Wyoming County, Pennsylvania, January 



mOGBAPHlCAL BECOBDS. 



173 



4, 1823 ; studied law in his native county, 
and cauie to the bar in 18i7; emigrated to 
Illinois in 1848, and during the following 
year settled in Oregon ; in 1850 was chosen 
Q member of the Lfegislative Assembly; in 
1851 was Chief Clerk of the Legislative 
Assembly; in 1852 was chosen a member 
of the Legislature and made Speaker. In 
1853 he was appointedjby President Pierce, 
United States District Attorney for the 
Territory of Oregon ; in 1854 was ap- 
pointed Secretary of the Territory, which 
office he held until Oregon was admitted 
as a State. From 1859 to 1862 he was a 
member of the State Legislature, serving 
the two last years as Speaker; and in 18G2 
he was elected a Senator in Congress 
from Oregon, taking his seat during the 
third session of the Thirty-seventh Con- 
gress, serving on the Committee on Naval 
Affairs, and that on Public Lands. 

Hardy, Samuel. — lie was a Dele- 
gate to the Continental Congress, from 
Virginia, from 1783 to 1785. 

Having, John.—YLe was a Delegate, 
from New York, to the Continental Con- 
gress, from 1774 to 1775, and again from 
1785 to 178S. 

Harlan, Aaron. — He was born in 
Warren County, Ohio, September 8, 1802 ; 
received a good English education ; adopt- 
ed the profession of law, and was admit- 
ted to the bar in 1825; in 1831 he was 
elected amemberof the State Legislature, 
and in 1838 and 1839 was elected to the 
State Senate ; Avas a Presidential Elector, 
in 1844, from Ohio; iu 1849 was again 
elected to the State Senate; in 1850 was a 
member of the " State Constitutional Con- 
vention;" and in 1852 he was elected a 
Kepresentative in Congress from Ohio, 
where he continued to serve the people of 
his native district until the close of the 
Thirty-flt'th Congress, serving as a mem- 
ber of the Committee on Private Land 
Claims. 

Harlan, Andrew J. — He was born 
in Chester, Clinton County, Ohio, March 
29, 1815; received a limited education; 
studied law, but abandoned the practice 
for politics. In 1842 lie was elected Clerk 
of the Indiana House of Eepresentatives ; 
was elected to the Legifdature in 1840, 
1847, and 1848 ; and was elected a Kepre- 
sentative in Congress, from Indiana, from 
1849 to 1851, and again from 1853 to 
1855. 

Harlan, James. — Born in Mercer 
County, Kentucky, June 22, 1800; re- 
ceived a good English education, and en- 
gaged in mercantile pursuits from 1817 to 
1821. He then commenced the study of the 
law, and was admitted to the bar in 1823. 
In 1829 he was appointed Prosecuting 
Attorney for the Circuit in which he re- 



sided, and held the office four years. In 1835 
he was elected a Representative in Con- 
gress from Kentucky, and in 1837 was re- 
elected ; during the last session he was 
Chairman of the Committt e for Investigat- 
ing Defalcations. From 1840 to 1844 he was 
Secretary of State of Kentucky, and was 
a Presidential Elector in 1841. In 1845 
he was elected to the lower branch of 
the Legislature; and in 1850 he was ap- 
pointed Attorney-General of that State, 
which office he held until his death, which 
occurred at Frankfort, Kentucky, Feb- 
ruary 18, 1863. 

Harlan, James. — He was born in 
Clarke County, Illinois, August 25, 1820; 
graduated at the Indiana Asbury Univer- 
sity in 1845 ; adopted the profession of 
law; was Superiutendant of Public In- 
struction for Iowa iu 1847 ; was President 
of the Iowa Wesleyan University in 1853; 
and was elected a Senator in Congress 
from Iowa in 1855, serving as Chairman 
of the Committee on Public Lands. On 
the 12th of January, 1857, because of in- 
formality in his appointment, and after 
long debate, his seat was declared vacant; 
but on the 17th of the same month he was 
elected by the Legislature for the terra 
ending in 1861. He was also a Delegate 
to the "Peace Convention" of 1861. He 
was re-elected to the Senate for the term 
ending in 1867. In March, 18G5, he was 
invited by President Lincoln to succeed 
Mr. Usher as Secretary of the Interior De- 
partment. After the death of President 
Liucohi he waived his right to a seat in 
the cabinet of President Johnson, but the 
appointment of the former was con- 
tinned by the latter, and on the loth of 
May, 1865, he resigned his seat in the 
Senate and entered upon his duties as 
Secretary of the Interior. In January, 
1866, he was again re-elected to the Senate 
for the term commencing in 1867 and end- 
ing in 1873, and iu July he resigned his 
position as Secretarj- of the Interior, the 
resignation to take effect in the September 
following. He was also a Delegate to the 
Philadelphia " Loyalists' Convention " of 
1866. In 1867 he was made Chairman of 
the Committee on the District of Colum- 
bia, serving on those on Foreign Relations, 
Post Office, and Pacilic Railroad. 

Harmanson, John H. — Born in 
Norfolk, Virginia, in January, 1803. He 
was educated at Jeflersou College, Mis- 
sissippi, and, having removed to Louisi- 
ana, devoted himself first to one of the 
mechanic arts, then to law, and afterwards 
to agriculture. He served in the State 
Senate in 1844; and was elected to the 
National House of Representatives in 
1845, and re-elected in 1847 and 1849, ever 
keeping a watchful eye upon the interests 
of his adopted State, and proposed in 
Congress a project to secure a grant from 
the United States to Louisiana of all the 



174 



BIOGBAPHICAL EECOBDS. 



submerged lands in that State, with a 
view to their redemption from that con- 
dition, and thus promoting the public 
healtli. He died in New Orleans, October 
25, 1850. 

Marnett, Cornelius.— B.e was a 

Delegate, from North Carolina, to the Con- 
tinental Congress, from 1777 to 1780, and 
signed the Articles of Confederation. 

JSarper, Alexander.— Via was born 

- in Ireland, and, having emigrated to Ohio, 

was elected a Representative in Congress 

from 1837 to 1839, from 1843 to 1847, and 

again from 1851 to 1853. 

Harper f Francis J. — He was elect- 
ed a member of Congress from Pennsyl- 
vania, but died before taliing his seat, 
March 18, 1837, aged thirty-eight years. 

Harper, James. — He was born in 
Ireland, and, having emigrated to Penn- 
sylvania, was elected a Representative in 
Congress, from 1833 to 1837. 

Harper, John ^.— He was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from New Hamp- 
shire, from 1811 to 1813. 

Harper, Joseph 3f .— Born in Lim- 
erick, Maine, June 21, 1787; commenced 
active life by working on liis father's farm 
in summer, and going to the district 
school in winter ; he was also at the Frye- 
burg Academy, and taught scliool; he 
studied medicine and law and practised 
both professions ; and he was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from New Hamp- 
sliire, from 1831 to 1835. In 1858 was 
President of the Mechanics' Bank, Con- 
cord. For a short time in 1831 he offi- 
ciated as Acting Governor of New Hamp- 
shire. Died in Canterbury, N. H., Jan- 
uary 14, 1865. 

Harper, Robert G. — He was born 
near Fredericksburg, Virginia, in 1765; 
was a graduate of Princeton College iu 
1785, and for a time a teacher in that in- 
stitution; removing to Charleston, South 
Carolina, he studied law and was ad- 
mitted to the bar of that State ; he was a 
leading Representative in Congress, from 
South Carolina, from 1794 to 1801; lie 
subsequently removed to Baltimore, Ma- 
ryland, and was a Senator in Congress, 
from that State, during the years 1815 and 
1816; in 1819 he visited Europe, and, on 
his return, devoted himself to the cause 
of the Colonization Society and to liter- 
ary pursuits, publishing a number of in- 
teresting addresses and papers, which 
were subsequently collected iu a volume. 
He served with credit in the war of 1812, 
having attained the rank of Major-Gen- 
eral. He died suddenly, January 15, 
1825, having been engaged the preceding 
day in the Circuit Court. 



Harper, William. — He was a na- 
tive of South Carolina; born Januaiy 17, 
1790; graduated at the South Carolina 
College in 1808, and became one of the 
Board of Trustees of tliat institution in 
1813; adopted the profession of law; 
served in the State Legislature, and was 
elected Speaker of the lower house. He 
was a Senator in Congress, from South 
Carolina, during the year 1826, and was 
appointed Chancellor of that State in 
1835. He was, in 1830, elected a Judge 
of the Court of Appeals, and for a time 
State Reporter. For domestic reasons, 
he spent a few years in Missouri, from 
1818 to 1823, and wliile iu that State was 
made Chancellor of the State. He was 
an eminent jurist, and died October 10, 
1847. 

Harrington, Henry TV. — "Was 
born in Otsego County, New York, Sep- 
tember 12, 1825; studied law, and came 
to the bar in 1849; in 1856 he took up his 
residence in Indiana, and continued the 
prosecution of his pi ofession there ; after 
serving in a local Convention he was 
chosen a delegate to the Charleston Con- 
vention in 1860; and in 1862 lie was elect- 
ed a Representative, from Indiana, to the 
Thirty-eighth Congress, serving on the 
Committee on Private Land Claims. He 
was subsequently appointed an Assessor 
of Internal Revenue iu Indiana. 

Harris, Benjamin Givinn. — Born 

near Leonardtown, St. Mary's County, 
Maryland, December 13, 1806; after re- 
ceiving an academical education at Char- 
lotte Hall, he spent a few months in St. 
Mary's College, and went to Yale College, 
from which he was dismissed with one 
hundred and forty others, in 1829, on ac- 
count of their seceding from Commons 
Hall; and although a compact was en- 
tered into that they would not return un- 
less their wishes were respecteci, all of 
them did return, excepting Mr. Harris 
and one other, a Georgian. He subse- 
quently spent fourteen months at the 
Cambridge Law School, and then settled 
in his native county as a lawyer. In 1832 
he was elected to the House of Delegates 
of Maryland, and re-elected in 1833, 1836, 
184;), 1852, and 1856. With his profession 
and public duties he ever combined agri- 
cultural pursuits; and in 1863 he was 
elected a Representative, from Maryland, 
to the Thirty-eighth Congress, serving on 
the Committee on Manufactures. He was a 
Delegate to the " Chicago Convention "of 
1864. Re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Con- 
gress. In May, 1865, he was arrested and 
tried by Court-Martial for violating the 
56th article of war, and,alfchougli declared 
guilty, the President, on account of ad- 
ditional testimony, ordered the sentence 
of the court to be remitted in full. 

Harris, Charles M.—He was born 



BIOGBAPIIICAL HECOUDS. 



175 



in Munfordsville, Hart County, Kentucky, 
April 10, 1S21 ; received a common-school 
education ; adopted the profession of law ; 
and, having become a citizen of Illinoi's, 
he was elected, in 18G2, a Representative, 
from that State, to the Thirty-eighth Con- 
gress, serving on the Committees on Pub- 
lic Expenditures and on Expenditures in 
the War Department. 

Harris, Ira. — He was born in 

Charleston, Montgomery County, New 
York, May 31, 1802, tracing his lineage to 
the colony of Roger Williams; when a 
boy he labored upon a farm in summer, 
and attended school in winter; in his 
seventeenth year he entered Cortland 
Academy to prepare for college ; gradu- 
ated at Union College in 1824; studied 
law, and was admitted to the bar in 
Albany, where he settled. For seventeen 
years he devoted his whole attention to 
his prolfession, in which he was eminently 
successful, avoiding all political entangle- 
ments. In 1844 he was elected to the 
State Legislature ; re-elected in 1845 ; was 
a Delegate in 1846 to the Convention for 
revising the Constitution of the State ; 
before the Convention adjourned was 
elected to the State Senate ; in 1847 he 
was elected Judge of the Supreme Court, 
and held the position twelve years and a 
half; and in 1861 he was elected, for six 
years, a Senator in Congress from New 
York, serving as Chairman of the Com- 
mittee on Private Land Claims, and mem- 
ber of the Committees on the Judiciary, 
Foreign Relations, and Public Lauds. He 
was a member of the Special Joint Com- 
mittee on the Rebellious States. He was 
also a member of the National Committee 
appointed to accompany the remains of 
President Lincoln to Illinois. During his 
sojourn in Washington he delivered an 
occasional Lecture before the Law Stu- 
dents of Columbian College by invitation 
of the Faculty. He was also a Delegate 
to the Philadelphia "Loyalists' Conven- 
tion" of 1866, and to the " State Constitu- 
tional Convention" of 1867. 

Harris, Isham 6?.— He was born in 
Tennessee, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1849 to 
1853. Was a Presidential Elector in 1856 ; 
also Governor from 1857 to 1861. Took 
part in the Rebellion, after Avhich lie 
settled in Liverpool as a merchant. 

Harris, tf. Worrison. — Born in the 

City of Baltimore, in 1821; was educated 
at Lafayette College, Pennsylvania, and 
studied law, being admitted to the bar in 
1843. He was a Presidential Elector in 
1848, and in 1855 was elected a Represent- 
ative, from Maryland, in the Thirty fourth 
Congress, and returned to the Thirty-flfth 
Congress in 1857, serving as a member of 
the Committee on Mileage. Also elected 
to the Thirty-sixth Congress, serving ou 



the Committee on Naval Affairs. He was 
also a Delegate to the Philadelphia " Na- 
tional Union Convention " of 1866. 

Harris, tTohn. — He was born in New 
York, and was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from that State, from 1807 to 1809. 

Harris, John T. — Born in Albemarle 
County, Virginia, in 1823; receiveda good 
English education, going to school and 
working on his father's farm alternately; 
taught school for a while; studied law, 
and wiis licensed to practise in 1845 ; was 
a State Elector in 1848, 1851, and 1855 ; a 
Presidential Elector in 1852 and 1856; 
was twice elected Attorney for the Com- 
monwealth; and was elected a Represent- 
ative, from Virginia, to the Thirty-sixth 
Congress, serving on the Committee on 
Expenditures on the Public Buildings. 

Harris, Warh. — He was born in 
Ipswich, Massachusetts, in 1779; removed 
to Portland in 1800; went into trade as a 
grocer; took an active part in politics; 
held the offices of County and State 
Treasurer for twenty years ; was a State 
Senator in 1816 and 1819; a State Coun- 
cillor in 1820; served also in the State 
Legislature ; and was a Representative in 
Congress, from Maine, from 1822 to 1823, 
for the unexpired terra of E. Whitman. 
Died in New York, March 2, 1843. 

Harris, Robert. — He was born in 
Dauphin County, Pennsylvania, and was a 
Representative in Congress, from that 
State, from 1823 to 1827. 

Harris, Sampson W. — Born in 
Elbert County, Georgia, February 23, 
1809, and died in Washington City, April 
1, 1857. He graduated at Franklin Col- 
lege in 1828; adopted the profession of 
law; served one term in the Georgia 
Legislature, and then removed to Ala- 
bama. He was there appointed Prose- 
cuting Attorney for the State ; and in 
1847 he was elected a Representative in 
Congress, from Alabama, where he con- 
tinued until his death. 

Harris, Thomas K. — He was a 

Representative in Congress, from Ten- 
nesee, from 1813 to 1815. 

Harris, Thomas L. — He was born 
in Norwich, Connecticut, October 29, 
1816; graduated at Trinity College, Hart- 
ford, in 1841 ; studied law, in Connecticut, 
with Governor Isaac Toucey; was ad- 
mitted to the bar, in Virginia, in 1842, and 
during that year commenced tiie practice 
of his profession in Petersburg, Menard 
County, Illinois. In 1845 he was chosen 
School Commissioner for his county; and 
in 1846 he raised and commanded a com- 
pany, and joined the Fourth Regiment of 
Illinois Volunteers to serve in the wa^ 



17G 



nroanAniiCAL hecouds. 



"with Afoxico; ho Mils aftorwanls oloctod 
]M!\ji>r of llu' roicimout, and, owin^ to tlio 
eicUnoss of his superior olHoors, was o!\ii-f 
in coiumaml liui-imj most of tlio cainpai.y:n. 
lie was at tlio takinir of Vera Cniz, iiiui 
served in tlie navy battery with a detaeli- 
niont durinii^ tlie day of its terrible tire; 
was also at Cerro Goi'tlo, and, after the 
■wtMuulini; of General Sliiehls, tooli eom- 
niand of the reyinient, and was honorably 
monlionod in ,i!:overninent despatehes, for 
plaeing' a twenty-fonr pounder battering 
cannon on the iieights of Cerro Gordo, 
diirinij the niiilit preceding the battle. 
AVhile absent in the army, in 18 U>, he was 
oleeted a Senator in the Illinois Legisla- 
ture, and in 1848 was chosen a Represent- 
ative iu Congress, serving through the 
Thirty-iir^t. and was re-elected to the 
Thirty-lifth Congress; during las second 
term he olliciated as Chairman of the Com- 
mittee on Elections, lie took a special 
interest in the election in Illinois when he 
\vas reelected to the Thirty-sixth Con- 
gress; and it is supposetl that, owing to 
his declining health, theetlbrts he made to 
attend the polls were the more immediate 
cause of his death, which occurred at 
Springtield. Illinois, November l>4, 1858. 
His disease was pulmonary consumption. 

TlarriSf W. L. — He was appointed, 
by tlie acting Governor of Mississippi, in 
18">l. to till a vacancy in the United States 
Senate, caused by the resignation of J. 
Davis; but it does not appear, from the 
Journal of the Senate, that ho took his 
seat. 

Harris, TTilei/ P. — lie was born in 
Mississippi, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 18o3 to 
1855. Took part iu tlie llebelliou. 

JTarris, Williauh ^-1.— lie was born 

in Fauquier County, Virginia, August 8, 
180.'>; received a classical education; he 
adopted tlie profession of law, and prac- 
tised it for ten years ; he was twice elected 
to the Legislature of Virginia; was a 
rresidential Elector in 1841 ; and he was a 
Kepresenrative iu Congress, from Vir- 
ginia, from 1841 to 1843. He was editor, 
for several years, of a journal called the 
'' Spectator." and subsequently of the 
"Constitution," published in Washington ; 
and in 1845 he was appointed, by Presi- 
dent Polk, Charge d'Atlairos to Buenos 
Ayres, where ho remained nntil 1S51. 
After the election of Mr. Buchanan to the 
Presidency, he became the editor and pro- 
prietor of the •' Washington Union," 
which continued in his possession until ho 
was elected Printer to the United States 
Senate, which otlice he held for two years. 
In 1854 he removed to Missouri, and died 
in Pike County, March 23, 1SG4. 

Harrison, Albert G. - He was a 

uutivo of Kentucky; a lawyer by profes- 



sion ; and a member of Congress, from 
Missouri, from 18;)5 to 18;>i). lie died at 
Fulton, Jlissouri, Seplember 7, 1839, 
highly esteemed. 

Harrison, Benjamin.— Bm-n in 

Berkeley County, Virginia; wa^ educated 
at the College of William and Mary; after 
performing important duties on local com- 
mittees, ho was elected to the Williams- 
burg Convention of 1774; was a Delegate 
to the Continental ('ongress from 1774 to 
1778. and signed the Declaration of Inde- 
pendence; in 1775 ho was a menilier of the 
Richmond Convention; took an important 
part in organizing means of defence; 
while iu Congress ho served conspicuously 
on the most important ci)nuniitees, and 
was very popular as Chairman of the Com- 
mittee of the Whole. He was a Council- 
lor of Virginia under the new form of 
government; and he was considered a co- 
lossus iu the cause of liberty and humau 
rights. He was a member ami Speaker 
of the House of Burgesses; in 1782 he 
was elected Governor of Virginia, and 
twice re-elected; subsequently served iu 
the Legislature; was a memlier of the 
Convention called to ratify the Federal 
Constitution; and he died in April, 1791. 
He was the warm pei\-<onal friend of 
Washington, and the father of President 
William Henry llarrisou. 

Harrison, Carter B.—Uc was a 
Representative in Congress, from Virginia, 
from 1793 to 1799. 

Harrison, John Scott.— lie was 

born in Ohio, and was a Representative in 
Congress from that State, from 1853 to 
1857. He was the sou of William Henry 
Harrison. 

Harrison, JiicJtard ^.— He was 

born in England in 1827. and emigrated 
to Ohio in 183t); received a good English 
education; served for a time in a printing- 
otllce in Clarke County; graduated at the 
Cincinnati Law School iu 184i!; in 1857, 
he was elected to the t)hio House of Rep- 
resentatives ; subsequently to the State 
Senate ; and he was elected a Represent- 
ative, from Ohio, to the Thirty-seventh 
Congress, serving on the Committees on 
Invalid Pensious and the Militia. 

Harrison, S. jS.— He was born in 
Maryland; and was a Representative in 
Congress, from Peuusylvauia, from 1S33 
to 1837. 

Harrison, Williain.—Tlc was a 

Delegate from Maryland to the Coutinea- 
tal Congress from 1785 to 1787. 

Harrison, William Henry.— Wt^'i 
born in Charles County, Virginia. February 
9, 1773; was educated at Hanipen Sydney 
College, imd iifcerwards studied medicine. 



BIOGBAnilCAL RECOBDS. 



177 



lie received from Washington a military 
commission in 1791, and foui^Iit under 
Wayne in 17!)2. After the battle of Miami 

,Bapid.s, he was made Captain and placed 
in command of Fort Washington. In 1707 
he was appointed Secretary of tlie North- 

.west Territory; and in 1799 and 1800 lie 
was a Delegate to Congress. IJeing ap- 
pointed Governor of Indiana, he was also 
Superintendent of Indian Affairs, and ne- 
gotiated thirteen treaties. He gained a 
great victory in the battle of Tippecanoe, 
Koveml)er 7, 1811. In tlie war witli Great 
Britain he was Commander of the North- 
west army, and was distinguished in the 
defence of Fort Meigs, and the victory of 
the Thames. From 181G to 1819 he was a 
Kcpresentative in Congress from Ohio; a 
Presidential Elector in 1821 and 1825; and 
from 1825 to 1828 United States Senator. 
In 1828 he was Minister to the Ilepublic 

.of Colombia; and on his return he resided 

.upon his ftirm, at North Bend, Ohio. In 
1840 he was elected President of the Uni- 
ted States, by 234 votes out of 294, and 
inaugurated March 4, 1841. He died in 
the Presidential mansion, April 4, 1841. 

Hart, Emanuel B. —Born in New 

York City, October 29, 1811 ; entered early 
upon a mercantile occupation; went to 
the Spanish Main aS a supercargo, and 
settled in New York as a commission mer- 
chant; served for a time in the Board of 
Aldermen ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from 1851 to 1853; he was at one 
time a Lieutenant-Colonel of the State 
Militia; &w? was appointed, by President 
Buchanan, Surveyor of the Port of New 
York. Mr. Hart has also frequently been a 
member of the State and National Conven- 
tions of the Democratic party. 

Hart, John. — Born in Hopewell, 
Hunterdon County, New Jersey, in 1715; 
received a good plain education; was a 
farmer i)y occupation; frequently served 
in the Colonial Legislature ; and he was a 
Delegate, from New Jersey, to the Conti- 
nental Congress, from 1774 to 1776, and 
was one of the signers of the Declaration 
of Independence. Died in 1780. 

Hart, JRoswell. — Bom in Eochester, 
New York, in 1824; graduated at Yale 
College in 1843; studied law, and was ad- 
mitted to the bar in 1847, but never prac- 
tised the profession ; devoted himself to 
mercantile pursuits, and in 1804 he was 
elected a Representative, from New York, 
to the Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on 
the Committees on Indian Affairs, Ex- 
penditures in the State Department, and 
the District of Columbia. He was also re- 
elected to the Fortieth Congress. 

Hartley, TJiomas.—Yle was bom in 

Reading, Pennsylvania; served in the 
Revolutionary war as a Colonel from 1776 
to 1779 ; was a lawyer of eminence ; and 
12 



a Representative in Congress, from Penn- 
sylvania, from 1789 until his death, which 
occurred at York, Pennsylvania, in 1800. 
He was one of those who voted for locat- 
ing the Seat of Government on the Po- 
tomac. 

Harvey, Jonathan.— IJ a was born 
in Merrimack County, New Hampshire; 
served seven years in the two houses of 
the State Legislature; was President of 
the Senate from 1817 to 1823; was a State 
Councillor from 1823 to 1825 ; and a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from New Hamp- 
shire, from 1825 to 1831, during his last 
term serving as a member of the Commit- 
tee on Commerce.' Died in Sutton, New 
Hampshire, August 23, 1859, aged seventy- 
nine years. 

Harvey, Matthew. — He was bora 

in Hillsborough County, Hew Hampshire, 
in 1781, and was for many years a member 
of the New Hampshire Legislature ; Speak- 
er of the House from 1818 to 1821, and 
President of the Senate from 1825 to 1828; 
a State Councillor in 1828; Governor of 
the State in 1830; and in 1831 was ap- 
pointed Judge of the United States Dis- 
trict Court. His services as a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from New Hampshire, 
were rendered from 1821 to 1825. Died at 
Concord, New Hampshire, April 7, 1866. 

Harvie, John. — He was a Delegate 
to the Continental Congress, from Vir- 
ginia, from 1778 to 1779, and signed the 
Articles of Confederation. 

HasbroMcIc, Abraham. — He was a 

member of the New York Assembly, from 
Ulster County, in 1781 and 1782, and again 
in 1811; anda Representative in Congress 
from 1813 to 1815; and State Senator in 
1822. 

HasbroucJc, Abraham B. — He 

graduated at Yale College in 1810; and 
was a Representative in Congress, from 
New York, from 1825 to 1827. He was a 
native of Ulster County, New York ; but 
he spent a few years of his life in New 
Jersey, and was President of Rutgers Col- 
lege, which office he resigned. 

HasbroucJc, Josiah.—lle was for 

four years a member of the New York As- 
sembly, and a Representative in Congress, 
from that State, from 1803 to 1805, and 
again from 1817 to 1819. 

Hascall, Augustus P. — He was 

born in Massachusetts; and was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from New York, 
from 1851 to 1853. 

Haskell, William T.— He was born 
in Tennessee; received a liberal educa- 
tion, and adopted the profession of law; 
he commanded, as Colonel, a Regiment of 



178 



BIOGRAPHICAL BEC0BD8. 



Tennessee Volunteers in the war with 
Mexico, having distinguished liimself at 
Medelin and ac Cerro Gordo; and was a 
Ilepresentative in Congress, from Tennes- 
see, from 1847 to 1849, and a Presidential 
Elector in 1852. He died at Hopkiusville, 
Tennessee, March 20, 1859. 

MasTcin, John JB.— Born at Ford- 
ham, Westchester Count}', New York, Au- 
gust 7, 1821 ; educated at a public school 
in New York City ; he was a lawyer by pro- 
fession ; held several important city offices 
from 184G to 185(5, and was then elected a 
Kepresentative, in the Thirty-fifth Con- 
gress, from New York, officiating as Chair- 
man of the Committee on Expenditures in 
the Navy Department; and was also elect- 
ed to the Thirty-sixth Congress, serving 
as Chziirman of the Committee on Public 
Expenditures. 

Mastings, George. — He was born in 

Clinton, Oneida County, New York, March 
13, 1807; graduated at Hamilton College 
in 1825; studied law, and was admitted to 
the bar iu 1830; he was District Attorney 
for Oneida County nine years ; and he was 
a Representative iu Congress, from New 
York, from 1853 to 1855. Late in the latter 
year he was elected Judge for Livingston 
County, which office he held until his death. 
Died at Mount Morris, Livingston Count}', 
New York, August 29, 1866. 

Hastings, John. — He was a Repre- 
sentative m Congress, from Ohio, from 
1839 to 1843, and died at Columbus, De- 
cember 29, 1854. 

Hastings, Samuel Clinton.— Rq 

was a Representative in Congress, from 
Iowa, from 1846 to 1847. He was a law- 
yer by profession : was at one time a Judge 
of the Supreme Court of Iowa; and, hav- 
ing emigrated to California, practised his 
profession in San Francisco. 

Hastings, Seth.—Re graduated at 
Harvard University in 1782; was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Massachu- 
setts, from 1801 to 1807. After his service 
■ in Congress, he was elected a State Sena- 
tor in 1810 and 1814 ; was appointed Chief 
Justice of the Court of Sessions; and died 
in 1831, aged seventy years, at Mendon, 
Massachusetts. 

Hastings, William, Soden. — He 

was frequently a member of the Legisla- 
ture of Massachusetts; in the Senate 
from 1829 to 1834 ; and was a Representa- 
tive in Congress, from that State, from 
1887 to 1842. He died at the Sulphur 
Springs, Virginia, June 17, 1842. 

Hatch, Israel T.— He was born in 
New York; was a member of the Assem- 
bly of that State in 1852 ; and elected a 
Eepresentative to the Thirty-fifth Con- 



gress, serving as Chairman of the Com- 
mitee on the Militia, and as a member of 
the Committee on Engraving. In 1859 he 
was appointed, by President Buchanan, to 
examine and report upon the working of 
the Reciprocity Treaty, and a few weeks 
later was appointed Postmaster at Buf- 
falo. 

Hathaway, Samuel €r.— Born in 

Freetown, Bristol County, Massachusetts, 
July 18, 1780; received a common-school 
education; tried the sea as a sailor, but 
gave it up ; in 1830 he settled in Chenan- 
go County, New York; was for eight years 
a Justice of the Peace; in 1814 and 1818 
he was elected to the State Legislature ; 
in 1822 to the State Senate; and was a 
Representative, from New York, to the 
Twenty-tiiird Congress. In 1852 he was 
a Presidential Elector; was a Delegate to 
the " Cincinnati Convention " of 1856 ; was 
for many years deeply interested in mili- 
tary afi'airs, and attained the rank of Ma- 
jor-General of Militia; and, besides hold- 
ing a great variety of local offices, became 
one of the most extensive land proprietors 
and fai'uiers in his county. 

Hathorn, John. — He was a member 
of the State Senate of New York in 1787; 
a Representative in Congress, from New 
York, from 1789 to 1791, and again from 
1795 to 1797 ; and was again elected to the 
State Senate in 1804. During the latter 
year he was a Presidential Elector. 

Hatton, Robert. — Born in Sumner 
County, Tennessee, in 1827 ; graduated at 
Cambridge University; studied law, and 
was admitted to the bar in 1849 ; served ia 
the Tennessee Legislature iu 1856 ; and in 
1859 was elected a Representative, from 
Tennessee, to the Thirty-sixth Congress, 
serving on the Committee on Expenses in 
the Navy Department. He served in the 
Rebellion of 1861, and was killed at the 
battle of Fair Oaks, before Richmond, iu 
1862. 

Haun, H. 2*.— Born in Scott Coun- 
ty, Kentucky ; read law at the Transylva- 
nia University, of that State, and was ad- 
mitted to the bar iu 1839 ; he was for a 
time Attorney for his native county; re- 
moved to Iowa in 1845, and was a member 
of the Convention which formed the Con- 
stitution of that State in 1846 ; removed « 
to California in 1850, and was there elect- 
ed a County Judge; and in 1859 was 
elected a Senator in Congress, from Call- I 
fornia, for the unexpired term of the late 
Mr. Broderick. He served as a member t 
of the Committees on Indian Affairs and 
on Territories. Died at Marysville, Cali- 
fornia, May 6, 1860. 

Haven, Nathaniel A.— Re was a 

native of New Hampshire; graduated at i 
Harvard University iu 1779 ; was a mem- 



BIOGBAPHICAL BECOEDS. 



179 



ber of Consyress, from that State, from 
1809 to 181 i, and died March, 1831, aged 
sixiy-iiine years. 

Haven, Solomon G.—11& was born 
in Kevv York, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1851 to 
1857. Died at Buffalo, New York, De- 
cember 24, 1861. 

Havens, Jonathan ^.— He gradu- 
ated at Yale College in 1777, and was for 
nine years a member of the New York 
Assembly, from Suffolk County, and a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from 1795 to 1799, 
the year of his death. 

Hawes, Albert 6?.— He was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from Kentucky, 
from 1831 to 1837, and died iu Davis 
County, Kentucky, April 14, 1849. 

Hawes, Ai/lett.—Was a Representa- 
tive in Congress, from Virginia, from 
1811 to 1817. He was a physician by pro- 
fession, and died in Culpepper County, 
Virginia, August 31, 1833. 

Hawes, Richard. — He was born in 
Caroline County, Virginia, February 6, 
1797; removed with his family to Ken- 
tucky in 1810; received a good collegiate 
education; adopted the profession of law ; 
was a member of the Kentucky Legisla- 
ture in 1828, 1829, and 18B6; and was a 
Representative in Congress, from Ken- 
tucky, from 1837 to 1841. 

HawTces, J'aines.—B.e was born in 
Worcester, Massachusetts, and was a 
Representative in Congress, from New 
York, from 1821 to 1823. 

Hawhins, Benjamin. — Born in 

Yatt's County, North Carolina, August 15, 
1754 ; was educated at Princeton College ; 
and was an excellent French scholar, 
which occasioned his becoming a person- 
al friend of Washington, that he might 
act as interpreter iu his intercourse with 
the French officers of his army. He was 
with him at the battle of Monmouth. In 
1780 he was chosen Commercial Agent by 
the Legislature of North Carolina; and 
from 1781 to 1784, and 1786 to 1787, he 
was a Delegate in the First Congress; 
and as a Senator of the United States, 
under the Constitution, from North Caro- 
lina, he served from 1789 to 1795 ; and, 
having been appointed, by Washington, 
Agent for Superintending all the Indians 
south of the Ohio, he retained that office 
until his death, having tendered his resig- 
nation, without its being accepted, to each 
successive President, from 1796 to 1816. 
He was a man of superior abilities and 
lofty character, and left behind him some 
valuable writings on " Topography " and 
*' Indian Character." He was also one of 
those who voted for locating the Seat of 



Government on the Potomac, and died 
June 6, 1816. 

Hawkins, George 5.— He was born 
in New York, and, having become a citi- 
zen of Florida, was elected a Representa- 
tive to the Thirty-fifth and Thirty-sixth 
Congresses, from that State, serving on 
the Committees on Private Land Claims, 
and on Naval Affairs; and he was a mem- 
ber of the Select Committee of Thirty- 
three on the Rebellious States. He was 
a Delegate to the Philadelphia "National 
Union Convention " of 1866. 

Hawkins, Isaac JR.— Be was born 
in Maury County, Tennessee, May 16, 
1818; served as a Lieutenant in the war 
with Mexico, and was present at the cap- 
ture of Vera Cruz ; was a Presidential 
Elector in 1856; was a Delegate to the 
" Peace Congress " of 1861 ; was elected in 
1862 a Judge, but, on account of the war, 
was not commissioned ; from 1862 to 1865 
he served as an Officer in the Union Army, 
and had command of the Seventh Tennes- 
see Cavalry; was captured by Confeder- 
ates in March, 1864, and confined in two 
different prisons in Macon, Georgia ; and 
was one of the fifty officers placed under 
the fire of the Federal guns in Charleston; 
in 1865, after having been mustered out, 
he was commissioned Chancellor for the 
Sixth Division of Tennessee ; and in 1865 
he was elected a Representative in Con- 
gress, from Tennessee, to the Thirty- 
ninth Congress, taking his seat near the 
close of the first session, and serving on 
the Committees on the Militia, and the 
Debts of Loyal States. Re-elected to the 
Fortieth Congress, serving on the Com- 
mittee on Military Affairs. 

Hatvkins, Joseph.— "He was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from New York, 
from 1829 to 1851. 

Hawkins, Joseph W.—Re was a 
Representative in Congress, from Ken- 
tucky, from 1814 to 1815. 

Hatvkins, M. T.— He entered public 
life in 1819, as a member of the House of 
Commons of North Carolina; was a mem- 
ber of the State Senate from 1823 to 1827; 
and a Representative in Congress, from 
North Carolina, from 1831 to 1841. He 
served again in the State Senate in 1846. 
He was also at one time a General of 
Militia. 

Haws, J. H. Hobart.—He was 

born in New York, and was a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from that State, from 
1851 to 1853. 

Hay, Andrew K. — He was born in 
Massachusetts, and, having become a 
resident of New Jersey, was elected a 



180 



BIOGBAFHICAL BECOBDS. 



Eepresentative in Congress, from 1849 to 
1851. 

Hayden, Moses.— He was born in 
Hampsliire County, Massachusetts ; grad- 
uated at Williams College, in 1804; and 
was a member of the New York State 
Senate in 1829 and 1830, and a Eepresent- 
ative in Congress, from New York, from 
1823 to 1827. Died February 14, 1830, 
aged forty-four years. 

Hayes, JRutherford J5.— Born in 

Delaware, Ohio, October 4, 1822; grad- 
uated at Kenyon College, Ohio, and at the 
Law School' of Cambridge; adopted the 
profession of law ; was City Solicitor of 
Cincinnati from 1858 to 1861 ; Major and 
Lieutenant-Colonel of the Twenty-third 
Ohio Volunteers in 1861; Colonel of the 
same from 1862 to 1864, when he was ap- 
pointed a Brigadier-General, and during 
the same year was elected a Eepresent- 
ative, from Ohio, to the Thirty-ninth 
Congress, serving on the Committee on 
Private Land Claims, and as Chairman 
of the Committee on the Library. He 
-was also a Delegate to the Philadelphia 
"Loyalists' Convention" of 1866, and of 
the '' Soldiers' Convention " held at Pitts- 
burg; and was re-elected to the Fortieth 
Congress ; resigned in the summer of 
1867, and was soon afterwards elected 
Governor of Ohio. 

Hayes, Samuel.— He was boi*n in 
Virginia, and was a Eepresentative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1841 to 
1843. 

Haymond, Thomas 5.— He was 

born in Virginia, and was a Eepresent- 
ative in Congress, from that State, from 
1849 to 1851. 

Hayne, Arthur JP.— He was born in 
Charleston, South Carolina, March 12, 
1790 ; received a good education, and com- 
menced active life in a counting-house. 
He early formed an attachment for milita- 
ry life, and, on entering the army, ren- 
dered good service during the last war 
with England, at Sackett's Harbor, as 
First Lieutenant; on the St. Lawrence, as 
Major of Cavalry ; in the Creek Nation, 
as Inspector-General, and also at the 
storming of Pensacola, and at New Or- 
leans. After the war he studied law, and 
was admitted to the bar in Pennsylvania. 
During the Florida war he was again 
called into the field, and had command of 
the Tennessee Volunteers, and, after re- 
iDeiving three brevets, retired from the 
army in 1820. He subsequently served 
in the Legislature of South Carolina, and 
was chosen a Presidential Elector in 1828, 
voting for Jackson ; and he was appoint- 
ed to a seat in the United States Senate, 
from South Carolina, in May, 1858, in the 
place of J. J. Evans. Died in Charleston, 



S. C, January 7, 1867. His brother, E. \i 
Y. Hayne, was also a Senator in Con- i 
gress. I , 

Hayne, Hobert r".— He wa;s bora 
near Charleston, South Carolina, Novem- ' i 
ber 10, 1791; his early advantages for < 
education were limited ; he studied law i 
with Langdon Cheves, and was admitted 
to the bar before he was twenty-one years 
of age, attaining a high rank as a lawyer. ; 
In the war of 1812 he held the commis- 
sion of Lieutenant. In 1814 he was elect- i 
ed to the State Legislature, and in 1818 
Speaker, and was also Attorney-General 
of the State. He was elected to the 
United States Senate in 1823, and con- 
tinued there until 1832, serving as Chair- 
man of the Committee on Naval Affairs. 
In 1832, as a member of the " Union and 
State Eights Convention" of South Car- 
olina, he reported the Ordinance of Nulli- ; 
flcation, and was soon afterwards elected i 
Governor of the State, serving until 1834. 
He was subsequently Mayor of Charles- 
ton, and President of the Charleston, 
Louisville, and Cincinnati Eailroad Com- 
pany, He died at Ashville, North Caro- 
lina, September 24, 1839. His abilities 
were of a high order, and he acquired 
distinction by his participation in a debate 
in the Senate with Daniel Webster. 

Haynes, Charles jE.— He Was bom 
in Brunswick, Virginia, and was a Eepre- 
sentative in Congress, from Georgia, 
from 1825 to 1829, and again from 1835 to 
1839. 

Hays, Li. Samuel. — He was born in j 
Pennsylvania, and was a Eepresentative = 
in Congress, from that State, from 1843 i 
to 1845. 

Haywood, William,H., Jr.— Bom. 

in Wake County, North Carolina, in 1801j 
graduated at the University of North 
Carolina in 1819; studied law; entered ! 
public life as a member of the House o^ ! 
Commons in 1834, continuing there three ; 
years; in 1836 was Speaker of the House; 
and a Senator in Congress from 1843 to ; 
1846. 

Hazard, Jonathan. — He was a 
Delegate from Ehode Island to the Con- 
tinental Congress in 1787 and 1788. 

Hazard, Nathaniel.— He was born t 
in JSewport, Ehode Island; graduated at i 
Brown University in 1792, and was elect- 
ed a Eepresentative in Congress, from r 
that State, from 1819 to 1821. Died De- 
cember 18, 1820, in Washington City. 

Hazeltine, Ahner. — He was a mem- v 
ber of the New York Assembly in 1829 ( 
and 1830, and a Eepresentative in Con- i 
gress, from that State, from 1833 to 1837. r 



BIOGBAPniCAL BEC0BD8. 



181 



H.ealy, Joseph. — He was born in 
Gliesliire, New HiUiipsJiire; was a Ilepre- 
sentalivc in Congress, from New Hamp- 
shire, from 1825 to 1829, and was a mem- 
ber of tlie Committee on Revolutionary 
Claims. He was also a State Councillor 
from 1829 to 1832, and State Senator in 
1824. Died at Washington, New Hamp- 
islilre, October 10, 1861, aged eighty-five 
years. 

SEeatJt, J'aines JP. — He was born in 
Delaware, December, 21, 1777. In 1799 
he was appointed a Lieutenant in the 
Regiment of Artillerists and Engineers, 
which he resigned in 1802 ; he was Reg- 
ister in Chancery at Annapolis at the 
commencement of the war of 1812; lie 
served through the whole war as Aide-de- 
camp to General Winder; in 1838 he was 
wrecked on the steamer Pulai*ki, and 
spent Ave days and nights afloat upon a 
piece of the wreck; when nineteen years 
of age he fought a duel with John Knight, 
and received a ball which never left him; 
and he was a Representative in Congress, 
from Maryland, from 1833 to 1835, serving 
as a member of the Committee on Com- 
9ierce. He died in Georgetown, D. C. 
June 12, 1854. 

Seath, Johiu, — He was a Represent- 
ative in Coni^ress, from Virginia, from 
1793 to 1797. 

Sebard, Wllliain. — He was born in 
Connecticut; and, having settled in Ver- 
mont, was elected a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1841) to 
1853. He was also Judge of the Supreme 
Court from 1842 to 1845; Judge of Pro- 
bate for seven years ; served seven years 
in the two houses of the Legislature ; 
and was two years Attorney for Orange 
County. 

Heister, Daniel, — Was born in 
Berks County, Pennsylvania, in 1747. He 
received a good English education, and 
became a tliorough business man. He 
settled in Montgomery County, where he 
was active during the Revolution, being 
Colonel, and afterwards Brigadier-Gener- 
al, of the Militia, and in service. In 1784 
he was elected to the Supreme Executive 
Council of Pennsylvania, and in 1787 was 
appointed a Commissioner of the Connect- 
icut Land Claims. He was a member of the 
First, Second, Third, and Fourth Con- 
gresses from Pennsylvania. After this he 
removed to Hagerstown, Maryland, and 
was elected from that State a member of 
the Seventh and Eighth Congresses, dur- 
ing his attendance upon which last he 
died, at Washington, March 8, 1804. He 
was one of those who voted for locating 
the Seat of Government on the Potomac. 

JSeister, Daniel, — Son of John 
Heister, succeeded his father in Congress, 



and was a member of the Eleventh Con- 
gress. 

Seister, tfohn,— Brother of Colonel 
Daniel Heister, was born April 9, 1746, 
and was a member of the Tenth Congress 
from Pennsylvania. Died October 15, 
1821. 

Heister, William. — Nephew of John 
and of Colonel Daniel Heister, was born 
in Bern Township, Berks County. He 
established himself in Lancaster County, 
where he cultivated a farm, and by his in- 
dustry, honesty, and good sense, recom- 
mended himself lo the popular regard. He 
was a member of the Twenty-third and 
Twenty-fourth Congresses, of the Con- 
vention of 1837 to revise the Constitution 
of Pennsylvania, and of the State Senate. 
Died October 15, 1853, aged sixty-two 
years. 

Seisfer, tToseph. — Was born in Bern 

Township, Berks County, November 18, 
1752, and was brought up to conduct a 
farm and a store. Inheriting a good for- 
tune, at the outbreak of the Revolution he 
equipped a company himself, with which, 
he joined the army. He became a Colonel ; 
was a prisoner in the Jersey prison-ship, 
where he exercised a liberal generosity in 
alleviating the sufferings of his fellow- 
prisoners. He was a member of the Con- 
vention that framed rhe State CoustiUitioa 
of 1776. He served five years in the House 
and four in the Senate of Pennsylvania, 
and as a member of the '• State Constitu- 
tional Convention" of 1790. He was a 
member from Pennsylvania of the Fifth, 
Sixth, Seventh, Eighth, and Ninth Con- 
gresses. In 1807 he was appoiuted one 
of the two Major-Generuls to command 
the Pennsylvania contingent, called for by 
the President. After this he retired from 
public life, but in 1814 his old constituency 
of Berks would again have him in Con- 
gress, and elected him for the Fourteenth, 
Fifteenth, and Sixteenth terms. In 1817 
he was run for Governor uusuccessfully, 
but three years afterwards was elected, 
and served in that office until 1823, with 
great credit for a wise and honest admin- 
istration of public affairs. Declining all 
solicitations to the contrary, he now, 
finally, I'etired from office, and spent the 
serene evening of an honorable life in the 
midst of the people who loved him. He 
died at Reading on the 10th of June, 1832. 

SEehnich, William. — Born in Jef- 
ferson County, Ohio, September 6, 1817; 
received a common-school education, and 
taught school for seven years; studied 
law, and was admitted to the bar in 1845 ; 
in 1851 he was elected a Prosecuting At- 
torney ; and in 1858 he was elected a Rep- 
i-esen'tative, from Ohio, totheThirty-sixtli 
Congress, serving as a memi)er of the 
Committee on Post Offices and Post Roads. 



182 



BIOGBAPHICAL BECOBDS. 



He subsequently accepted a chief clerkship 
in the Interior Department. 

JXelmSf William. — He was an officer 
in the Revolutionary army ; a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from New Jersey, from 
1801 to 1811; and, removing to Tennessee, 
died there at an advanced age. 

HeinpTiill, John.—B.e was a Senator 
in Congress, from Texas, from 1859 until 
that St^te seceded, when he became iden- 
tified with the great Rebellion. Expelled 
from the Senate July 10, 1861. 

Hemphill, Joseph.— Rq was born in 
Delaware County, Pennsylvania, and was 
a leading member of the old Federal party ; 
he was a Representative i n Congress, from 
Pennsylvania, from 1801 to 1803, again 
from 1819 to 1827, and from 1829 to 1831. 
He distinguished himself particularly by a 
speech on the Judiciary Bill in 1801; and 
was for some time Judge of the District 
Court of Philadelphia. He died in Phila- 
delphia, May 29, 1842, aged seventy-two 
years. 

Hempstead, Edivard. — He was 

born in New Loudon, Connecticut, June 
3, 1780; received a classical education 
from private tutors, and, having studied 
law was admitted to the bar in 1801 . After 
spending three years in Rhode Island prac- 
tising his pi-ofession, he removed, in 1804, 
to the Territory of Louisiana, travelling 
on liorseback, and tarrying for a time at 
Vincennes, Indiana Territory. He first 
settled at St. Charles, on tlie Missouri 
River, but in 1805 he removed to St. Lonis, 
where he resided the balance of his life. 
In 1803 he was appointed Deputy Attor- 
ney-General for the District of St. Louis 
and St. Ciiarles, and in 1809 Attorney- 
General for the Territory of Upper Louis- 
iana, which office he held until 1811 ; and 
he was the first Delegate to Congress from 
the western side of the Mississippi River, 
representing Missouri Territory from 1811 
to 1814. After his service in Congress, 
he Avent upon several expeditions against 
the Indians ; was elected to tlie Territori- 
al Assembly, and chosen Speaker ; and he 
died August 10, 1817. He was a man of 
ability, pure, and without reproach, and 
Lis loss was deeply lamented by all who 
knew him. 

Hemsle]/, William,— Re was a Del- 
egate from Maryland to the Continental 
Congress from 1782 to 1784. 

Henderson, Archibald. — Born in 

Granville County, North Carolina, August 
7, 17C8, and died October 21, 1822. He 
was educated in his native county, studied 
law, and rose to a high position at the bar 
of his State. He was a Representative in 
Congress, from North Carolina, from 1709 
to 1803 ; and subsequently elected to the 



General Assembly for several terms. His 
learning was extensive, and his character 
as a man above reproach. 

Henderson, Bennett JET.— He was 
a Representative in Congress, from Ten- 
nessee, from 1815 to 1817. 

Henderson, John. — He was a law- 
yer by profession; a General of Militia in 
Mississippi ; a Senator in Congress, from 
Mississippi, from 1839 to 1845 ; and dur- 
ing the latter part of his life practised his 
profession in Louisiana. After Iiis service 
in Congress, he was engaged in an unlaw- 
ful expedition against Cuba, for which he 
was tried, but acquitted by a New Orleans 
jury. He died at Pass Christian, in 1857, 
aged sixty-two years. 

Henderson, John B. — "Was born in 
Virginia, November 16, 1826 ; in 1836 re- 
moved with his parents to Missouri ; spent 
a part of his boyhood on a farm. While 
obtaining an academical education, he 
taught school for his support; studied law, 
and came to the bar in 1848, and was soon 
afterwards elected to the State Legisla- 
ture; re-elected in 1856; and in the same 
year chosen a Presidential Elector. He 
was a Delegate to the Charleston Con- 
vention in 1860; had command for a time 
of a Brigade of Militia. On the expul- 
sion of Trusten Polk from the United 
States Senate, he was appointed to fill the 
vacancy, and in 1863 was elected for the 
full terra ending in 1869, serving on the 
Committees on the Post Olflce and Post 
Roads, and those on the District of Colum- 
bia, Finance, Expenses of the Senate, 
Foreign Relations, and Claims, and as 
Chairman of the Committee on Indian Af- 
fairs. He was also a Commissioner to 
treat with the hostile tribes of Indians in 
1867. 

Henderson, John H. D.—He was 
born in Salem, Livingston County, Ken- 
tucky, July 23, 1810; received a good 
English education ; commenced active life 
by adopting the trade of a printer; was 
subsequently a preacher of the Gospel, 
and for several years was devoted to agri- 
cultural pursuits. In 1864 he was elected 
a Representative, from Oregon to the 
Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the 
Committees on the Pacific Railroad, Mines 
and Mining, Indian Affairs, and the Spe- 
cial Committee on the Death of President 
Lincoln. 

Henderson, Joseph. — He was born 
in Pennsylvania, and was a Representative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1833 
to 1837. 

Henderson, J. JPincJcney. — Born 
in Lincoln County, North Carolina, March ^ 
31, 1808. He received a liberal education», 



BIOGItAnilCAL BECOBDS. 



183 



but did not graduate, and adopted the law 
as a profession, first visiting Cuba for his 
health, and settling in Mississippi. He 
emigrated to Texas in 1836, and his first 
civil office was that of Attorney-General 
of the Republic of Texas, having been ap- 
pointed by President Houston in 1830 ; in 
1837 he Avas appointed Secretary of State 
of the Republic; soon afterwards Minister 
Plenipotentiary to England and France, 
clothed with the additional powers of Com- 
missioner to solicit the recognition of the 
independence of Texas; in 1838 he made 
a commercial arrangement with England, 
and in 1839 a commercial treaty with 
Prance ; in 1844 he was appointed a Spe- 
cial Minister to the United States, which 
mission resulted in the annexation of 
Texas; in 1845 he was a member of the 
Convention which framed the Constitution 
of the State of Texas ; in November of 
the same year, was elected Governor of 
the State; and when the Mexican war 
broke out, in 184(5, as Governor of the 
State, and, by permission of the Legisla- 
ture, he took command in person of the 
volunteer troops called for by General Tay- 
lor, served six months as Major-General, 
and distinguished himself at the battle of 
Monterey, subsequently receiving from 
Congress, for his services, a vote of thanks 
and a sword valued at fifteen hundred dol- 
lars. He was elected a Senator in Con- 
gress, in 1857, from Texas, but, owing to 
ill health, did not take an active part in 
its proceedings, and he died in Washing- 
ton Ciiy. June 4, 1858, deeply lamented by 
all who knew him. 

Henderson, Samuel.— Tie was a 

Representative in Congress, from Penn- 
sylvania, from 1814 to 1815, for the unex- 
pired term of Jonathan Roberts. 

Sender son, Thomas.— Tie was a 

graduate of Princeton College in 17G1; 
was Judge of the Court of Common Pleas ; 
a Delegate to the Continental Congress, 
from 1779 to 1780; a Representative of 
New Jersey in Congress, under the Con- 
stitution, fi'om 1795 to 1797 ; and was once 
Lieutenant-Governor of that State. 

Hendricks, Thomas A.— Tie was 
born in Muskingum County, Ohio, Sep- 
tember 7, 1819: was educated at South 
Hanover College ; studied law, and com- 
pleted his legal studies at Cliambersburg, 
Pennsyb^ania, in 1843; settled in Indiana, 
and practised his profession with success. 
In 1848 he was chosen to the State Legis- 
lature, and declined a re-election; was an 
active member of the Indiana " Constitu- 
tional Convention" of 1850; and was a 
Representative in Congress, from Indiana, 
from 1851 to 1855; he was appointed by 
President Pierce, in 1855, Commissioner 
of the General Land Office, in which he 
was continued by President Buchanan un- 
til 1859, when he resigned. He was sub- 



sequently elected a Senator in Congress 
for the long term, commencing in 1863 
and ending in 1869, serving on the Com- 
mittees on Claims, Public Buildings and 
Grounds, the Judiciary, Public Lands, and 
Naval Affairs. 

Hendricks, William. — Born in 
Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania, in 
1783. He was one of the early settlers of 
Madison, Indiana, having removed thei-e 
in 1814. During his residence in that 
State he filled many high and important 
offices ; he was Secretary of the Conven- 
tion which formed the present Constitu- 
tion of the State ; the first and sole repre- 
sentative of Indiana in Congress from 
1816 to 1822; Governor of the^State from 
1822 to 1825, when he was elected a mem- 
ber of the United States Senate, and 
served until 1837. He was Chairman of 
the Committee on Roads and Canals. He 
died in Madison, May 16, 1850. 

Henley, Thomas J'. —Tie was horn 
in Indiana in 1810; was educated at the 
Indiana State College, and pursued the 
occupation of a farmer; he was a member 
of the State Legislature from 1832 to 
1842; and was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from Indiana, from 1843 to 1849, 
having been the first native of that State 
elected to that office. In 1849 he emi- 
grated to California, and was a member of 
the first Legislature of that State ; he was 
for seven years Superintendent of Indian 
Affairs for California, and was subse- 
quently appointed Postmaster of San 
Praucisco. 

Henn, Bernharf. He was born in 
New York, and, on emigrating to Iowa, he 
was elected a Representative in Congress, 
from that State, from 1849 to 1853. 

Henry, JTaines. — He was a Delegate, 
from Virginia, to the Continental Con- 
gress, from 1780 to 1781. 

Henry, John. — He was a graduate 
of Princeton College, in 1769 ; was for 
several years, from 1778, a Delegate to 
the Old Congress ; a Senator in Congress, 
under the Constitution, from Maryland, 
from 1789 to 1797, when he resigned, and 
was elected Governor of Maryland in the 
latter year. He was one of those who 
voted for locating the Seat of Government 
on the Potomac. He died at Easton, De- 
cember, 1798. 

Henry, John F.—Tle was the 
brother 'of Robert P. Henry, and was 
elected to Congress, from Kentucky, for 
the unexpired term of the same, from 
1826 to 1827. He was born in Scott 
County, Kentucky, January 17, 1793; re- 
ceived his educa'tion at the Georgetown 
Academy, of Kentucky; studied medicine, 
and in 1813 was appointed Surgeon's Mato 



184 



BIOGBAFHICAL BECOBDS. 



in Boswell's Keg-itnent o*" Kentucky troops, 
serving at Fort Meigs, Subsequently 
graduated at the Nevv York University ; 
settled in Hopkinsville, Kentucky, in 
1822; aud subsequently to his service in 
Congress removed to Burlington, Iowa. 

Henri/, PatricJe.— Born in Studley, 
Hauover'County, Virginia, May 29, 1736; 
Lis education was neglected until he had 
reached the age of manhood, and was a 
husband aud father ; then it was that he 
began to study law, and was soon admit- 
ted to practice; in 176-1 he made his first 
striking effort as an advocate aud an ora- 
tor, and from that year became famous. 
He was the first man of mark in Virginia 
to declare against the usurpations of Brit- 
ain. In 1765 he was chosen to the Vir- 
ginia Assembly, and there introduced a 
set of remarkable resolutions, supporting 
them with a speech of surpassing ability ; 
and from that time he was hailed as the 
great advocate of human rights and ra- 
tional liberty. He was elected a Delegate 
from Virginia, to the Continental Con- 
gress, from 177'4 to 1776; there distin- 
guished himself as an orator ; and signed 
the Declaration of Independence. He 
was a Delegate to the "Richmond Conven- 
tion " of 1777, and again electrified the peo- 
ple by his eloquence; in 1776 he was 
elected Governor of Virginia, re-elected, 
and then declined a re-election; from 1780 
to 1791 he served in the Assembly of the 
State ; was a member in 1788 of the Con- 
A'ention to ratify the Federal Constitution, 
to which he was opposed ; in 1795, Wash- 
ington tendered to him the office of Sec- 
retary of State, but he preferred the 
retirement of home and declined it; was 
again elected Governor in 1796, but de- 
clined to serve ; in 1799 President Adams 
ofiered him the mission to France, but his 
declining health compelled him to decline 
that honor also ; and on the sixth of June, 
of that year, he died. Evidences of his 
splendid intellect are abundant and " fa- 
miliar as household words," and a tribute 
that he paid to the Christian religion, in 
his will, is, for beauty and force, without 
a parallel in the English language. 

Senry, Robert P. — Born in Scott 
County, Kentucky, November 24, 1788 ; 
graduated at the University of Transyl- 
vania ; studied law with Henry Clay, and 
was admitted to the bar in 1809 ; served 
that year as Prosecuting Attorney for his 
district; served in the war of 1812, as an 
Aide-de-camp to his father, Major-General 
William Henry; subsequently settled in 
Christian County, and became Prosecut- 
ing Attorney for that circuit ; was a Di- 
rector of the Princeton Branch of the 
Commonwealth Bank ; aud was elected a 
Representative in Congress, from Ken- 
tucky, for the term from 1823 to 1827. As 
a member of the Committee on Roads and 
Canals, he obtained the first appropriation 



ever granted for improving the Missis- 
sippi River. While in Congress he re- 
ceived the appointment of Judge of the. 
Court of Appeals, which he declined ; and 
he died of fever, August 25, 1826, before 
the expiration of his term in Congress. 

Henry, Thomas. — Born in Ireland, 
in 1785. ' He served his adopted State, 
Pennsylvania, in Congress, from 1837 to 
1843. Died in Beaver County, Pennsyl- 
vania, February 27, 1849. 

Henry, William. — He was a Dele- 
gate from Pennsylvania, to the Continen- 
tal Congress, from 1784 to 1786. 

Henry, William.— He was born in 
New Hampshire, and, having settled in 
Vermont, devoted himself to mercantile 
pursuits. Was for many years Cashier of 
the Bank of Bellows Falls, where he re- 
sides; was elected a Representative in 
Congress, from Vermont, from 1847 to 
18.53, accomplishing much work as a mem- 
ber of several committees. 

Herbert, John C. — He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Maryland, 
from 1815 to 1819. 

Herbert, Philip T. — Born in Alaba- 
ma, and was a Representative in Congress, 
from California, from 1855 to 1857. 

Herkimer, tTohUt—Bovn in Herki- 
mer County, New York, in 1773; was for 
many years a Judge of the Circuit Court; 
and a Representative in Congress, from 
New York, from 1817 to 1819, and again 
from 1823 to 1825. Died at Danube, Nevf 
York, June 8, 1845. 

Hernandez, J'oseph M.—He was 
one of the prominent Spanish citizens who 
remained in the Territory of Florida at the 
time of its transfer to the United States. 
He was the first Delegate to Congress, 
from Florida, and subsequently a leading 
member and presiding officer of the Ter- 
ritorial Legislature. At the breaking out 
of the Indian hostilities, he was made a' 
Brigadier-General in the United States ser- 
vice. He was a man of refined and 
elegant manners ; resided at St. Augustine ; 
and died near Matanzas, Cuba, June 8, 1857, 
at an advanced age. 

Herod, William. — He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from Indiana, from 
1837 to 1839. 

Herrick, Anson.— He was born in 
Lewiston, Maine, January 21, 1812; re- 
ceived a common-school education ; at the 
age of fifteen years he was apprenticed 
to the business of a printer; settled in 
New York City in 1836, and continued in . 
the same employment until 1838, when he 
commenced the publication of a weekly 



BIOQBAPHICAL BECOBDS. 



185 



journal now called the "New York Atlas," 
of wliich he has since been the editor and 
proprietor. In 1853 he was chosen one of 
the aldermen of the city, and served 
three j'ears, and by President Buchanan 
he was appointed Naval Storekeeper for 
New York, which he held until 1861. In 
18G2 he was elected Representative, from 
New York, to the Thirty-eighth Congress, 
serving on the Committees on Revolu- 
tionary Pensions, and Expenditures in 
tlie Navy Department. He was also a 
Delegate to the Philadelphia " National 
Union Convention" of 1866; and died 
in New York, February 5, 1868. Eben- 
ezer Herrick, who served in Congress from 
1821 to 1827, was his father. 

HerricJc, Ebenezer, — He was born 
in Lincoln County, Maine, and was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from Maine, from 
1821 to 1827, and died at Lewlston in that. 
State, May 7, 1839. In 1820 lie held the 
office of Secretary of the State Senate, 
and was a State Senator in 1828 and 1829. 

Serricic, Joshua, — He was born in 

Beverly, Essex County, Massachusetts, in 
1794^; received a common-school educa- 
tion; removed to Maine, and became a 
Sheriff in that State ; was Deputy Col- 
lector of the port of Kenuebunk fi'om 1829 
to 1841 ; was Chairman of a Board of 
County Commissioners from 1842 to 1843; 
and was a Representative in Congress, 
from Maine, from 1843 to 1845, serving on 
the Committees on Naval Affairs and Ac- 
counts. He was again Deputy Collector 
of Kennebunk from 1847 to 1849 ; and from 
1850 to 1854, and in 1856 he was Register 
of Probate for York County, State of 
Maine. 

HerricTc, Richard P. — Born in 

Rensselaer County, New York, in 1791; 
was a man of remarkable business enter- 
prise ; and a member of Congress, from 
New York, from 1845 to the time of his 
death, which occurred at Washington, 
June 22, 1846, 

Serrlch, Samuel. — He was born in 
Ducliess County, New York, April 14, 
1779. He read law at Carlisle, Pennsyl- 
vania, and was admitted to the bar in 1805 ; 
in 1810 he settled at Zanesville, Ohio, and 
was appointed Collector of Taxes for that 
County; soon afterwards Prosecuting At- 
torney for the same county; and soon af- 
ter that, by President Madison, was ap- 
pointed United States District Attorney 
for Ohio ; ill 1812 he was appointed one oif 
a Board of Commissioners for settling 
the North-western boundary line ; in the 
autumn of that year, he succeeded Lewis 
Cass as Prosecuting Attorney for Mus- 
kingham County; in 1814 he was appoint- 
ed to the same office in Licking County; 
and he v/as a Representative in Congress 
from Ohio, from 1817 to 1821. After his 



second election his seat was contested by 
Charles Hammond, but the House sus- 
tained his claim. He was a Presidential 
Elector in 1828, and in 1829 was appointed, 
by President Jackson, United States Dis- 
trict Attorney for Ohio. Tht; remainder of 
his life was spent in retirement, and he 
died in December, 1851. 

SeweSf Joseph. —He was born near 
Kingston, New Jersey, in 1730; was edu- 
cated at the Princeton School ; settled in 
Philadelphia as a merchant; when thirty 
years of age located at Edenton, North 
Carolina; served in the Assembly of the 
Province; was a delegate fro:n North 
Carolina to the Continental Congress from 
1774 to 1777, and again in 1779, and signed 
the Declaration of Independence ; and he 
was de facto the first Secretary of the 
Navy. Died in Philadelphia, November 
10, 1779. 

Reyward, Thomas. — Born in Par- 
ish of St. Luke, South Carolina, in 1748; 
received a classical education, and stud- 
ied law; finishing his legal studies at the 
Temple, in London; on his return from a 
tour in Europe he was elected to the As- 
sembly in North Carolina; he was a Del- 
egate to the Continental Congress from 
1776 to 1798, and signed the Declaration 
of Independence and the Articles of Con- 
federation; was subsequently a Judge of 
the Civil and Criminal Courts of the 
State ; he commanded a company of artil- 
lery at the battle of Beaufort, and was 
wounded; served also at Savannah and 
Charleston; at the latter place he was 
taken prisoner, and while confined at St. 
Augustine his property was pillaged, and 
his wife died ; and he was subsequently a 
member of the Convention that formed 
the Constitution of South Carolina in 
1790; and he died in March, 1809. 

Heyward, William, Jr.— Tie grad- 
uated at Princeton College in 1808; and 
was a Representative in Congress from 
Maryland, from 1823 to 1825. 

SiJfbard, Marry. — He was born in 
Vermon"; graduated at Dartmouth Col- 
lege in 1835; was Assistant Clerk oftlie 
New Hampshire House of Representa- 
tives in 1839 ; Clerk of the same from IS 10 
to 1843 ; Speaker of the House in 1344 
and 1845; in the State Senate from 1S43 
to 1849, officiating fwo j-ears as Presi- 
dent; and was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from New Hampshire, from 1849 to 
1855. 

Hlbshman, Jacob. — He Avas born 
in Lancaster, Pennsylvania, and was a 
Representative in Congress, from that 
State, from 1819 to 1821. 

lIicJcm,an, John. — Born in Chester 
County, Pennsylvania, near the Brandy- 



186 



BIOGBAPIIICAL BECOBDS. 



wine battle-ground, Septemb ii- 11, 1810; 
received a thorough mathematical and 
classical education; commenced the study 
of medicine ; but, finding his health too 
feeble for the dissecting-room, he studied 
law and was admitted to the bar in 1833. 
In 1845 he was appointed District Attor- 
ney for Chester County, holding the office 
fifteen months ; in 1854 he was elected a 
Representative, from Pennsylvania, to the 
Thirty-fourth Congress, serving on the 
Committee on Elections; re-elected to the 
. Thirty-flfLh Congress, serving as Chair- 
man of the Committee on Revolutionary 
Pensions; to the Thirty-sixth Congress, 
and was Chairman of tlic Judiciary Com- 
mittee; and to the Thirty-seventh Con- 
gress, again serving as Chairman of the 
Judiciary Committee, He declined a re- 
election to the Thirty-eighth Congress, but 
was subsequently a member of the Penn- 
sylvania Legislature. 

Hichs, Thomas Solly day. — He 

was born in Dorchester Co'untyj Mary- 
land, September 2, 1798; received a plain 
English education ; worked on his father's 
farm Avhen a boy; served for a time as 
Constable and Sheriff of his county, and 
subsequently devoted himself to mercan- 
tile pursuits. In 1836 he was elected to 
the Electoral College of the State; was 
also a member of the Governor's Council; 
in 1838 was appointed Register of Wills ; 
was a member of the " State Constitution- 
al Convention " of 1849 ; frequently served 
in the Legislature of the State; was Gov- 
ernor thereof, from 1858 to 1862 ; and was 
appointed a Senator in Congress in the 
place of James A. Pearce, deceased, tak- 
his seat during the third session of the 
Thirty-seventh Congress, and was elected 
for the term ending in 1867, serving on 
the Committee on Naval Affairs, and that 
on Claims. He died in Washington City, 
February 13, 1865, and will ever be re- 
membered as a true patriot for his firm- 
ness during the earlier troubles of the 
Rebellion. 

Hlester, Isaac EllmaJcer, — He 

was born in Lancaster County, Pennsyl- 
vania; received a good classical educa- 
tion; graduated with honors at Yale Col- 
lege, and studied law. He was a member 
of the Thirty-third Congress, in which he 
expressed opinions upon the slavery ques- 
tion not in harmony with those of his 
constituency. At the next election he 
was defeated, and resumed the practice 
of law with distinguished success. He 
was the son of William Heister, M. C, but 
changed the spelling of his name. 

Slgby, William. — Was born in 

Essex County, New York, August 18, 
1813; spent his boyhood on a farm, and 
subsequently engaged in the lumber and 
iron business; graduated at the Univer- 
sity of Vermont in 1840 ; adopted the pro- 



fession of law, which he practised in his 
native county until 1850; during tliat year 
he emigrated to California, and was Dis- 
trict Attorney of Calaveras County, from 
1853 to 1859 ; in 1862 he was a member of 
the State Senate ; and in 1863 was elected 
a Repi'esentative, from California, to the 
Thirty-eighth Congress, serving on the 
Committees on Public Lands, and Expen- 
ditures in the Navy Department ; re-elect- 
ed to the Thirty-ninth Congress. He was 
also a member of the Special Committee 
to visit the Indian tribes of the West in 
1865, and of the Committees on the Death 
of President Lincoln and Appropriauions. 
He was also a Delegate to the Philadel- 
phia "Loyalists' Convention" of 1866. 
Re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, serv- 
ing on the the Committee on the Pacific 
Railroad, and as Chairman of the Com- 
mittee on Mines and Mining. 

SLigginson, Step7ien.—He was a 

Delegate, from Massachusetts, to the 
Continental Congress, in 1782 and 1783. 

Sill, Clement S. — Born in Kentucky, 
and was a Representative in Congress, 
from that State, from 1853 to 1855. 

Sill, Sugh L. IF.- Born in Ten- 
nessee, and was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from that State, from 1S47 to 1849. 

Sill, Isaac. — Born in Somerville, 
Massachusetts, April 7, 1788. In 1798 his 
parents removed to a farm in Ashburnham, 
Massachusetts ; his education was exceed- 
ingly limited, and at the age of fourteen 
he was apprenticed in a printing-office, 
and in 1809, at the expiration of his ap- 
prenticeship, he went to Concord, New 
Hampshire and purchased the "American 
Patriot," which was afterwards issued as 
"The New Hampshire Patriot," and be- 
came a paper of immense circulation and 
influence during the twenty years of his 
editorship. During that time he was 
twice chosen Clerk of the State Senate; 
was once a Representative in the Legisla- 
ture, and was elected a member of the 
State Senate in 1820, 1821, 1822, and 1827. 
In 1828 he was a candidate for the United 
States Senate, but not elected. lu 1829 
he was appointed, by President Jackson, 
Second Comptroller of the Treasury, and 
held the office until April, 1830. He re- 
turned to New Hampshire, and was elect- 
ed by the Legislature United States Sen- 
ator for six years, from 1831. In 1836 he 
resigned his senatorship, being elected 
Governor of New Hampshire and re- 
elected in 1837 and 1838. In 1840, he 
was appointed, by President Van Buren, 
Sub-Treasui'er at Boston, and in that year 
established, in connection with his two 
oldest sons, "Hill's New Hampshire Pat- 
riot," which they published and edited 
until 1847, when that paper was united 
with the " Patriot." He also published 



I 



BIOGBAPniCAL BECOBDS. 



187 



the "Farmei's' Monthly "Visitor," an agri- 
cultural paper, for ten years; and during 
the last lifteeu yeai's of his life devoted 
much attention to agriculture. He died 
in Washington, District of Columbia, 
March 22, 1851. 

Sill, John. — He was born in Virginia, 
and was a Representative in Congress, 
from that State, from 1839 to 1841. 

Hill, John. — Born in Stokes County, 
North Carolina; served many years in the 
Legislature of the State ; was a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from 1839 to 1841, and 
in 1850 held the position of Reading Clerk 
in the State Senate. 

Hill, tTohn. — He was born in Catskill, 
New York, in 1821; received a common- 
school education ; was for seven years a 
clerk and book-keeper in his native place ; 
removed to Boonton, Morris County, New 
Jersey, and pursued the same business for 
three years, and subsequently devoted 
himself to mercantile pursuits. He held, 
for many years, a number of local and town 
offices, and in 1860 he was elected to the 
State Legislature ; and, on being twice re- 
elected, was made Speaker of the Assem- 
bly; took an active part in raising troops 
during the Rebellion; has been foremost 
among his neighbors in promoting the 
moral and social welfare of his fellow-cit- 
izens ; and in 18G6 he was elected a Rep- 
resentative, from New Jersey, to the For- 
tieth Congress, serving on the Committees 
on the Post Office, and Weights and Meas- 
ures. 

Hill, Joshua. — Born in Abbeville 
District, South Carolina, January 10, 1812 ; 
he had not a collegiate education, but 
studied law as a profession. He was elect- 
ed a Representative to the Thirty-fifth 
Congress, from Georgia, and was a mem- 
ber of the Committee on Public Lands. 
Re-elected to the Thirt3'-sixth Congress, 
serving on the Committee on Foreign 
Aflairs. Withdrew in February, 1861, and 
returned to Georgia. He did not take an 
active part in the Rebellion ; and in 1866 
he was appointed by President Johnson 
Collector for the port of Savannah; and 
in 1867 he was appointed a Visitor to the 
West Point Academy. 

Hill, 3Iarh i.— He was born in Bid- 
deford, Maine, June 30, 1772. From the 
year 1792, to the close of his life, he had 
been almost constantly in the exercise of 
some public enjoyment, either by popu- 
lar election or executive appointment. 
Though denied the advantages of a liberal 
education, he succeeded, by assiduous self- 
culture, in making himself useful to his 
country and gaining honor to himself in 
the various posts oif high responsibility to 
which he was successively elevated. He 
was, at various periods, a member of the 



Senate and House of Representatives of 
Massachusetts, a Judge of the Court of 
Common Pleas, member of Congress, from 
Massachusetts, from 1819 to 1821, and 
from Maine, from 1821 to 1823; Postmas- 
ter at l^hippsburg, Maine, Collector of 
the port at Bath, and held several other 
town and county offices. He was one of 
the Overseers of Bowdoin College from 
the first until 1821, when he became a 
Trustee, in which office he continued till 
his decease, and, during the whole period 
of forty- nine years, regularly attended 
every meeting except one. He died at 
Phippsburg, Maine, November 26, 1842, ia 
the seventy-first year of his age. 

Hill, Malph. — Born in Johnson, 
Trumbull Coun. ■-, Ohio, October 12, 1827. 
After receiving an academical education, 
he studied law at the New York State and 
National Law School, and received the 
degree of LL.D. in 1851, and, on removing 
to Indiana, he was elected a Representa- 
tive, from that State, to the Thirty-ninth 
Congress ; serving on the Commiitees on 
Territories, and on Expenditures in the 
Treasury Department. 

Hill, Thomas. — He was born in 
Pennsylvania, and was Representative iu 
Congress, from that State, from 1824 to 
1826. 

Hill, TFJiif mill. —lie was a Delegate 
from North Carolina, to the Continental 
Congress, from 1778 to 1781. 

Hill, William H.—lle was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from North Caro- 
lina, from 1799 to 1803, and he was also 
appointed Judge of the United States 
District Court for the District of North 
Carolina. He died in 1809. 

Hillen, Solomon, Jr.— lie was born 
Maryland, and was a Representative in 
Congress from that State, from 1839 to 
1841. 

Hillhouse, James. — He was born at 
Montville, Connecticut, October 21, 1754; 
graduated at Yale College in 1773; after 
due preparation, entered upon the prac- 
tice of law; took an active part ia the 
Revolutionary struggle, and when New 
Haven was invaded'hy the British, was 
Commander of the Governor's Guards. 
He became a Representative in Congress, 
in 1791, and three years afterwards he wa.s 
chosen a Senator of the United States, 
from Connecticut, and continued a distin- 
guished member for sixteen years ; and in 
the Sixth Congress was President /)?"o tern. 
of the Senate. In 1810 he resigned his 
seat in the Senate, and took the office of 
Commissioner of the School Fund of Con- 
necticut, which he managed with great 
ability and fidelity for fifteen years. He 
was also a Delegate to the " Hartford Con- 



188 



BIOGEAPHIOAL BECOBDS, 



vention"of 1814; and in 1825 he under- 
took to conduct the construction of the 
Farinington and Hampshire Canal. He 
was chosen Treasurer of Yale College, in 
1782, and continued to hold the office until 
his death, having done much to promote 
the interests of that institution. He died 
at New Haven, December 29, 1832. 

milJiouse, Williafn.—B.e was a 

Delegate from Connecticut, to the Conti- 
nental Congress, from 1783 to 1786. 

miliar d, Henri/ W.—B.e was born 
ill North Carolina, and spent his boyhood 
in South Carolina, at the College of which 
State he graduated. He studied law, and 
settled in Georgia, but in 1836 became a 
citizen of Alabama, occupying for several 
years a professorship in tlie University of 
that State. In 1838 he was elected to the 
State Legislature, and in 1840 a Presiden- 
tial Elector. In 1842 he was appointed, 
by President Tyler, Minister to Belgium; 
and was a Representative in Congress, 
from Alabama, from 1843 to 1851. He was 
also a llegent of the Smithsonian Institu- 
tion, and devoted some attention to the 
pursuits of literature. A volume of his 
speeches was published in 1855. 

Silly er, Junius.— 'Rq was born in 
Wilkes" County, Georgia, April 23, 1807; 
graduated at the State University at 
Athens in 1828; having studied his profes- 
sion while in college, he was admitted to 
the bar within one week after graduating; 
in 1834 ho was elected by the Legislature 
Solicitor-General for the Western District 
of the State; and he was a Representative 
in Congress from Georgia, from 1851 to 
1855, during his second term serving as 
Chairman of the Committee on Private 
Land Claims. In 1857 he was appointed, 
by President Buchanan, Solicitor of the 
United States Treasury. 

mndman, Thomas C— He was 

born in Ttuuessee in 1818 ; served in the 
Mexican war as a Second Lieutenant of 
Mississippi Volunteers ; and was a Repre- 
sentative, from Arkansas, to the Thirty- 
sixth Congress; was re-elected to the 
Thirty-seventh, but when the Rebellion 
broke out he entered the Confederate ser- 
vice, and was at once made a Brigadier- 
General, and subsequently a Major-Gen- 
eral. Was living in Texas in 1865. 

Hindmanf William. — He was a 

Delegate, from Maryland, to the Conti- 
nental Congress ; a Representative in Con- 
gress, from 1792 to 1799 ; and a Senator in 
Congress during the years 1800 and 1801. 
He died January 26, 1822. 

Binds, Thomas. — Born about the 
year 1775; was a distinguished officer in 
the battle of New Orleans ; and a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Mississippi, 



from 1828 to 1831. He died in Jefferson 
County, Mississippi, August 23, 1840. 

Mines, Richard. — He was born in 
North Carolina, and was a Representative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1825 to 
1827. 

Hise, Elijah. — He was born in Ken- 
tucky ; appointed in 1848 Charge d' Affaires 
to Guatemala; was a Presidential Elector 
in 1856 ; and in 1866 he was elected a Rep- 
resentative, from Kentucky, to the Tliirty- 
ninth Congress, for the unexpired term of 
H. Grider, deceased, serving on the Com- 
mittee on Reconstruction. He was re- 
elected to the Fortieth Congress, but died 
by suicide at Russelville, Kentucky, May 
8, 1867. In personal appearance he bore a 
remarkable resemblance to John C. Cal- 
houn, of whom he was a warm admirer. 

Hitchcocic, Peter. — Born in Chesh- 
ire, Connecticut, October 19, 1780; and 
graduated at Yale College in 1801. He 
was admitted to tlie bar in 1804, and com- 
menced tlie practice of law in his native 
town. In 1806 he removed to Geauga 
County, Ohio, and in 1810 he was elected 
to the General Assembly of that State; 
from 1812 to 1816 he was a member of the 
State Senate, and President of that body 
one session. He was a Representative in 
Congress, from 1817 to 1819, and then 
chosen Judge of the Supreme Court of 
Ohio for seven years ; was re-elected to 
the same office in 1826, and retired from 
the bench in 1852, after a judicial service 
of twenty-eight years; having been for a 
portion of that time Chief Justice. From 
1833 to 1835 he was again a member of the 
State Senate, and once again President. 
In 1850 he was a Delegate to the " Consti- 
tutional Convention" of the State. He 
died in Painesville, Ohio, May 11, 1853. 

HitchcocJc, Phineas Tf.— He was 
born in New Lebanon, New York, Novem- 
ber 30, 1831; graduated atWilliaras College, 
Massachusetts, in 1855 ; studied law, and, 
after being admitted to the bar, emigrated 
to Nebraska Territory, and settled in the 
practice of his profession at Omaha in 
1857. In 1861 he was appointed, by Pres- 
ident Lincoln, Marshal of the Territory, 
which office he held until his election, 
from Nebraska, as Delegate to the Thirty- 
ninth Congress. He was a member of the 
National Committee appointed to accom- 
pany the remains of President Lincoln to 
Illinois. In March, 1867, he was appointed 
Surveyor-Gereral of Nebraska. 

Hoagland, Moses,— He was born in 
Ohio, and was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from that State, from 1849 to 1851. 

Soar, Samuel. — Born in Lincoln, 

Massachusetts, May 18, 1788. He gradu- 
ated at Cambridge iu 1802, and was for 



BIOaiiAPHICAL ItECOBDS. 



189 



two years thereafter a private tutor in 
Virginia. He studied law witli Artemas 
Ward, and was admitted to the bar iu 
1805, and opened an office in Concord. He 
soon attained high rank, and was for forty 
years one of the most eminent and suc- 
cessful practiuioners in Middlesex County, 
as well as in the whole State. He was a 
member of the Convention for revising 
the State Constitution in 1820; State Sen- 
ator in 1825 and 1833 ; member of the Ex- 
ecutive Council in 1845 and 1846; State 
Kepreseutative in 1850; and a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from 1835 to 1837. In 
1844 he was appointed by the Legislature 
of Massachusetts to proceed to South Car- 
olina and aid the colored citizens of Mas- 
sachusetts, imprisoned by the authorities 
of Soutii Carolina, by testing, in the Courts 
of the United States, the constitutionality 
of the acts of South Carolina authorizing 
the imprisonment of colored persons who 
should enter that State. His appearance 
in Charleston caused great excitement, 
and he was expelled from that city by its 
citizens, December 5, 1844, the Legislature 
having passed resolutions on that day au- 
thorizing the Governor to expel him. He 
was a member of various religious and 
charitable societies ; of the American 
Academy of Arts and Sciences, of the 
Massachusetts Historical Society ; and, at 
the time of his death, one of the Overseers 
of Harvard College, the degree of Doctor 
of Laws having, iu 1838, been conferred 
upon him by that institution. He died 
in Concord, Massachusetts, November 2, 
1856. 

Hoard, Charles J5.— Born in Spring- 
field, Vermont, June 28, 1805 ; he was a 
mechanic, and for several years in early 
life a clei'k in a private land office at Ant- 
werp, New York. He was Postmaster 
under Presidents Jackson and Van Buren ; 
Justice of the Peace for several years ; a 
member of the Legislature of New York 
in 1838, and County Clerk of JeflTerson 
County, New York, in 1844, 1845, and 
1846. He has been an active politician, 
and was elected a Representative to the 
Thirty-fifth Congress, serving on the 
Committee on Expenditures in the State 
Department. He was also re-elected to 
the Thirty-sixth Congress, serving as a 
member of the Committee on Claims. 

Hobart, Aaron. — He was born in 
Abington, Plymouth County, Massachu- 
setts, June 26, 1787 ; graduated at Brown 
University in 1805 ; adopted the profession 
of law ; served in the State Senate ; as a 
State Councillor; was Judge of Pi'obate ; 
and was a Representative in Congress, 
from Massachusetts, from 1821 to 1827. 
Died at East Bridgewater, September 19, 
1858. 

Hobart, John /S?oss.— He graduated 
at Yale College in 1757 ; was Judge of the 



District Court of New York, and held 
several important positions in that State 
during the Revolutionary war ; after which 
he was appointed one of the three Judges 
of the Supreme Court. He was appointed 
a member of the United States Senate for 
the term commencing January, 1 798, in 
the place of P. Schuyler, but resigned 
May 5, not having taken his seat, and was 
then appointed Judge of the United States 
District Court of New York. He died 
February 4, 1805, aged sixty-six. 

Hobble, Selah JB. — Born in New- 
berg, New York, March 10, 1797, and at 
an early day established himself at Delhi, 
Delaware County, in the practice of law, 
where he was soon appointed District 
Attorney and Brigade Major and Inspect- 
or. He was a Representative in Congress, 
from New York, from 1827 to 1829, when, 
on the accession of General Jackson to 
the Presidency, he was appointed Assist- 
ant Postmaster-General, which he held 
until 1850, when he retired on account of 
ill health, but assumed the duties of the 
office under President Pierce. He died in 
Washington, District of Columbia, March 
23, 1854. He was the son-in-law, and at 
one time the law partner, of Erastus Root. V 

Hodges, Charles D.—Ue was elect- 
ed a Representative iu Congress, from 
Illinois, and took his seat during the 
second session of the Thirty-fifth Con- 
gress. 

Hodges, George T.—Ue was born 
in Clarendon, Vermont, July 4, 1789; he 
was bred to active business, and" was a 
merchant in Rutland for many years ; 
served frequently in both Houses of the 
State Legislature; and was a Representa- 
tive in Congress, from Vermont, during 
the third session of the Thirty-fourth 
Congress. For more than a quarter of a 
century he was President of the Bank of 
Rutland; was a large contributor to the 
success of the Burlington Railroad, and a 
warm supporter of the Vermont Agricul- 
tural Society. Died at Rutland, September 
9, 1860. 

Hodges, James Ii. — He was a State 
Senator in 1823 and 1824, and a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from Massachusetts, 
from 1827 to 1831. He died March 8, 
1846, aged fifty-six years. 

Hoffman, Henry W^.— He was born 
in Maryland, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1855 to 
1857. He was subsequently elected Ser- 
geant-at-arras iu the House of Represent- 
atives, and in 1861 he was appointed, by 
President Lincoln, Collector of the port 
of Baltimore. 

Hoffman^ Michael.— ^oxn in the 
town of Clifton Park, Saratoga County, 



190 



BIOGBAPHICAL liECOBDS. 



New York, in 1788. He was educated as 
a physician, but afterwards studied law, 
and settled in Herkimer County, where he 
occupied a high position. He was elected 
to Congress in 1824, and continued a 
member for eight years, serving a portion 
of the time as Chairman of the Commit- 
tee on Naval Affairs. He was appointed 
a Canal Commissioner for the State of 
Nevv York, wrote several able reports, 
and resigned the office in 1835. In 1841 
he went into the House of Assembly from 
-Herkimer Count}', and accomplished much 
good for the service and credit of his 
State. He was also a Delegate to the 
" Constitutional Convention" of 1846, and 
was Naval Officer in the City of New York ; 
he Avas a powerful and effective debater, 
and, as a man, unselflish and of high char- 
acter. He died at Brooklyn, September 
27, 1848. 

IToffinan, Ogden. — He was born in 
New York City in 1794, and graduated at 
Columbia College in 1812; he soon after 
entered the navy as a midsliipman, but in 
three years he resigned, and studied law. 
He commenced to practise in Orange 
County, and was appointed District At- 
torney, but removed to New York City in 
182G, and was a partner of Hugh Maxwell, 
and became eminently successful in his 
profession. In 1828 he was a Representa- 
tive in the Legislature; from 182'J to 1835 
was District Attorney; and was appointed 
United States District Attorney liy Presi- 
dent Harrison. From 1837 to 1841 he was 
a Representative in Congress, and was a 
member of the Committee on Foreign 
Affairs; he was re-elected in 1848, and in 
1854 was appointed Attorney-General of 
the State. He was remarkable for his 
eloquence and learning, and for more than 
a quarter of a century occupied a high 
position at the bar of New York. He 
died in that city, 'May 1, 1856. 

Ilogan, fTohn. — Born in Mallow, 
County of Cork, Ireland, January 2, 1805 ; 
emigrated to Baltimore, Maryland, with 
his fatlier in 1817. In that city he was 
apprenticed to the trade of a shoemaker, 
and during his term of service did what 
he could to obtain an education, and was 
an attendant at the Asbury Sunday School. 
In 1826 he emigrated to the West; in 1831 
opened a store in Madison County, Illinois ; 
in 1836 was elected to the State Legisla- 
ture; in 1838 he was elected by the Legis- 
lature Commissioner of the Board of Public 
Works ; re-elected and made President of 
the Board; in 1841 he was appointed by 
President Harrison Register of the Land 
Office at Dixon, Illinois, where he re- 
mained until 1845 ; soon afterwards settled 
in St. Louis, Missouri, resuming the 
mercantile business ; became engaged in 
insurance companies; organized and was 
President of a savings institution and 
a bank; in 1857 was appointed by Presi- 



dent Buchanan Postmaster of St. Louis, 
serving his whole term; and in ISiM he 
was elected a Representative from Mis- 
souri to the Thirty-ninth Congrt-ss, serv- 
ing on the Committee on Ways and Means 
and the Special Committee on the Civil 
Service. He is the author of two publica- 
tions, on the " Resources of JMissouri," 
and on the "Commerce and Manufactures 
of St. Louis." He was also a Delegate to 
the Philadelphia "National Union Con- 
vention" of 1866. 

H.ogan, William, — He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from New York, 
from 1831 to 1833^ 

JSoge, "John. — He was born near 
Carlisle, Cumberland County, Pennsylva- 
nia, September 10, 1760; received the 
greater part of his education from aj 
private tutor; he entered the army of the 1 
Revolution in 1776, and was made Ensign I 
of the Ninth Pennsylvania Regiment. luj 
1782 he emigrated to the western part of 
the State, and, with his brother \Villiam, I 
founded tiie town of Washington. Inj 
1789 lie was a Delegate to the Convention' 
which formed the State Constitution; 
from 1790 to 1795 he served in the State 
Senate; in 1799 he was chosen a member 
of the "American Philosophical Society," 
and was a Representative in Coniiress, 
from Pennsylvania, in 1804 and 1805, for 
tlie unexpired term of his brother, William . 
Hoge. He was a man of culture andj 
literary tastes, and died near Washington, : 
Pennsylvania, August 4, 1824. 

Moge, Joseph P. — He was born in I 
Ohio; and, having removed to Illinois,! 
was elected a Representative in Congress, j 
from that State, from 1843 to 1847. 

Hoge, William.— He was born iuj 
Cumberland County, Pennsylvania, but iaj 
1782 he settled in the western part of the : 
State, and participated, with his brother] 
John, in founding the town of Washing- 
ton. He was a Representative in Congress, 
from Pennsylvania, from 1801 to 1804, 
when he resigned, and again from 1807 to ] 
1809. Died on his estate in the town of 
Washington. 

Bogeboom, J'am,es Zi. — He was a I 

member of the New York " Constitutional! 
Convention " of 1821, and was a Represent- 1 
ative in Congress, from that State, from] 
1823 to 1825. 

S^ogg, Sam^uel. — He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Tennessee, 
from 1817 to 1819. 

HolbrooJc, E. D. — He was born in 
Elyria, Lorain County, Ohio, in 1836; 
received a common-school education; 
studied and adopted the profession of law ; 
and, having emigrated to Idaho, was elect- 



BIOGHAPHIOAL BECOliDS. 



191 



ed a Delegate, from that Territory, to the 
TMrt3'-uiuth Congress. 

Ilolcombf George.— Rq was born in 

Lanibertsvilte, Hunterdon County, New 
Jersey, in 178G; graduated at Princeton 
College in 1805 ; adopted the medical 
profession, and practised it with success 
in Allentown; was a member of the State 
Legislature in 1815; received from the 
University of Mar3iaud the degree of 
M.D. ; was a Representative in Congress, 
from New Jersey, from 1821 to 1828; and 
died at Allentown, January 14, 1828. 

JSoUnday, Alexander It. — He was 

born in Virginia, and was a Representa- 
tive in Congress, from that State, fi'om 
1849 to 1853, and waf Chairman, during 
his first term, of the Committee on Ex- 
penditures in the Navy Department. 

Holland, Cornelius.— Born July 9, 

1782; establisJied himself as a ph3'sician 
at Canton, Maine; was a member of the 
Maine "Constitutional Convention" of 
1819 ; a member o'f the State Legislature in 
1820 and 1821 ; and a State Senator in 1822, 
1825. and 1826. He was a Representative 
in Congress, from Maine, from 1830 to 
1833, serving on the Committee on Elec- 
tions, as well as the Committee on Rep- 
resentation under the Fifth Census. 

Holland, tTa^nes. — He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from North Caro- 
lina, from 1795 to 1797, and again from 

1801 to 1811. 

Solleinan, Joel. — Born in the 

County of Isle of Wight, Virginia, Octo- 
ber 1, 1793; was educated at Chapel Hill, 
North Carolina; taught school for some 
years, and then studied law, in the prac- 
tice of which he was successful; and was 
a Representative in Congress, from Vir- 
gina, from 1839 to 1840, when he resigned, 
"because he could not represent the feel- 
ings and wishes of a majority of his con- 
stituents." He was subsequently in the 
State Legislature for several years, and 
Speaker of the House when lie died, Au- 
gust, 1844. 

Molley, tToJm 31. —He was born in 
Saulsbury, Connecticut, in Novembei", 

1802 ; graduated at Yale College in 1822 ; 
removed to New York and came to the 
bar in 1825; was a member of the New 
York Assembly from 1838 to 1841; and 
elected a Representative in Congress, 
from New York, from 1847 to 1848. He 
died at Jacksonville, Florida, March 8, 
1848, before the expiration of his term. 

Ilolloivay , David P. — Born in 
Waynesville, Warren County, Ohio, De- 
cember 6, 1809, but removed with his par- 
ents to Cincinnati in 1813. In 1823 he went 
to Richmond, Indiana, and learned the 



printing business, and subsequently served 
four years in the office of the " Cincinnati 
Gazette." He commenced the publication 
of the "Richmond Palladium" in 1832, 
editing it for many years. In 1S43 he was 
elected to the lower branch of the State 
Legislature of Indiana, and in 1844 to the 
State Senate, serving nine years. In 1853 
he was elected a Representative in Con- 
gress, from Indiana, and was Chairman 
of the Committee on Agriculture during 
that term. He was eight years President 
of the Agricultural Society of Wayne 
County. In 1861 he was appointed, by 
President Lincoln, Commissioner of Pat- 
ents. 

Solman, William S. — Born in 
Verdstown, Indiana, September 6, 1822; 
received a good English education at 
common scliools ; adopted the profession 
of law; was a member of the Convention 
to revise the Constitution of Indiana in 
1850; was a member of the State Legis- 
lature in 1851 ; was a Judge of the Court 
of Common Pleas from 1852 to 1856; and 
was elected a Representative from Indi- 
ana, to the Thirty-sixth Congress, serv- 
ing as a member on the Committee on 
Revolutionary Claims. Re-elected to 
the Thirty-seventh Congress, serving on 
the Committee on Claims; and he was 
also re-elected to the Thirty-eighth Con- 
gress, serving on the same Committee. 
Re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, serv- 
ing on the Committees on Enrolled Bills 
and Claims. 

Hohnes, David.—lUe was a native 
of Virginia; aRepresentative in Congress, 
from that State, from 1797 to 1809 ; in the 
latter year, he was appointed Governor 
of the Territory of Mississippi, which posi- 
tion he held until 1817; and he was Gov- 
ernor of the State, by election, from 1817 
to 1819; and he was a Senator in Con- 
gress, from Mississippi, fi'om 1820 to 
1825, when he resigned; and he died Au- 
gust 20, 1832. 

SColmeSf Ellas B. — Born in Fletch- 
er, Vermont, May 27, 1807. He com- 
menced life as a teacher, and at the age 
of twenty emigrated to Monroe County, 
New York, where he studied law, and 
was admitted to practice in 1830. He 
was a Representative in Congress, from 
New York, from 1845 to 1849. 

Hohnes, Gabriel. —Born in Samp- 
son County, North Carolina; was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from North Caro- 
lina, from 1825 to 1829. Educated at 
Harvard University, and was a lawyer by 
profession. He Avas in the State Senate 
in 1807, and Governor of the State in 
1821. He died September 26, 1829, in 
Sampson County, North Carolina, aged 
sixty-live years. 



192 



BIOGBAPIIICAL BECOBDS. 



Hohnes, Isaac E. — Born in Charles- 
ton, South Carolina, April 5, 178G; educa- 
ted at the best schools of his native city, 
and graduated with honors at Yale Col- 
lege "in 1815; he studied law, and was 
admitted to the bar in 1818. in Charles- 
ton. He was one of the originators of 
the "South Carolina Association;" and 
was elected to the State Legislature in 
1826. For a time he devoted himself to 
planting, but his most distinguished pub- 
lic service was as a Representative in 
Congress, from South Carolina, from 1839 
to 1851, during which period he served 
with ability at the head of the Committees 
of Commerce and the Navy, and also on 
that for Foreign Affairs. He subsequently 
took up his residence in California; but, 
having returned to his native State, died 
in Ciiarleston, February 25, 1867. 

Sohnes, John. — He was born on 
Cape Cod in March, 1773; graduated at 
Brown University in 1796; studied law, 
and commenced the practice in Alfred, 
Maine, in 1799; was a member of the 
Massachusetts Legislature in 1802, 1803, 
and 1812; aud State Senator from 1813 
to 1817; was a Boundary Commissioner 
under the Treaty of 1815; was a member 
of the Convention to form the Constitu- 
tion of Maine, and Chairman of the Com- 
mittee that drafted the document in 1820; 
having been a Representative in Con- 
gress, from Massachusetts, from 1817 to 
1820 ; and he was a Senator in Congress, 
from Maine, from 1820 to 1827, and from 
■ 1829 to 1833. For a part of 1829, and 
from 1835 to 1838, he was a member of 
the Maine Legislature; and he was United 
States District Attorney for Maine from 
1841 till his death, which occurred at 
Portland, July 7, 1843. He was a promi- 
nent member of the bar for forty years, 
and distinguished for his eloquence and 
wit. 

HohneSf Sidney T. — He was born 
in Schaghticoke, Rensselaer County, New 
York, in August, 1815; settled with his 
father in Morrisville, Madison County, in 
1819, where he always resided; received 
an academical education; studied law; 
and came to the bar in 1841, prior to 
which date he spent five years as a civil 
engineer; was twice appointed Loan 
Commissioner for Madison County, in 1848 
and 1850; in 1851 was elected Judge and 
Surrogate for the same county, and re- 
elected in 1855 and 1859, serving until 
1864, — altogether a period of twelve 
years. In 1864 he was elected a Represent- 
ative, from New York, to the Thirty-ninth 
Congress, serving on the Committee on 
Public Lands and Revolutionary Pen- 
sions. 

Hohnes, Uriel. — He graduated at 
' Yale College in 1784, and was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Connecticut, 



from 1817 to 1818, when he resigned. He 
died in 1827. 

Holsey, HopJcins.—Ue was born in 
Virginia in 1799, and was a Representa- 
tive in Congress, from Georgia, from 
1837 to 1839. He subsequently edited the 
"Athens Banner," and tilled a large space 
in the politics of Georgia. Died in Co- 
lumbus, Georgia, March 31, 1859. 

Holt, Orrin.—He was born in Con- 
necticut, and was a Representative in Con- 
gress., from that State, in 1836, to till an 
unexpired term, and from 1837 to 1839. 

Holten, Samuel,— Born in Danvers, 

Massachusetts, June 9, 1738, and was bred 
a physician. During the Revolution he 
zealously espoused the cause of his coun- 
try, and was a member of the old Congress 
from 1778 to 1787. officiating at one time 
as its Pi'esident; and he also signed the 
Articles of Confederation. He was a 
Representative, under the Constitution, 
from 1793 to 1795; and spent the closing 
years of his life as Judge of Probate for 
Essex County, and died January 2, 1816. 

Hoolc, Enos. — He was born in Penn- 
sylvania, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1839 to 
1841. 

JIooJcs, Charles. — Born in Bertie 
County, North Carolina; served for many 
years in the State Legislature ; and was a 
Representative in Congress during the 
years 1816 and 1817, and from 1819 to 
1825. He subsequently removed to Ala- 
bama, where he died in 1851. 

Hooper, Samuel. — Was born in 
Marblehead, Massaclmsetts, February 3, 
1808 ; received his education in that town ; 
spent four years in a counting-room in 
Boston ; subsequently made repeated vis 
its to Europe and the West Indies, at- 
tending to commercial business; and in 
1832 settled finally in Boston as a mer- 
chant, chiefly engaged in the China trade, 
the last house of which he formed a part 
having been long known as William Ap- 
pleton & Co. In 1851 he was elected 
to the State House of Representatives, 
served three years, and declined a re-elec- i 
tion ; in 1857 was elected to the State Sen- 
ate, and declined to serve a second term; j 
in 1861 he was elected, a Representative, j 
from Massachusetts, to fill the vacancy | 
caused by the resignation of William | 
Appleton, in the Thirty -seventh Congress, I 
serving on the Committee on Ways and { 
Means ; and in 1862 he was re-elected to ' 
the Thirty-eighth Congress, serving on 
the same committee. Re-elected to the 
Thirty-niuth Congress, serving on the Com- 
mittee on Ways and Means, Banking and 
Currency, and the War Debts of the Loy- 
al States. In July, 1866, he received from 



BIOaiiAPIIICAL PiECOIiDS. 



103 



Howard University the degree of Master 
of Arts, as founder of the " School of 
Mines." He was a Delegate to the Phila- 
delphia '• Loyalists' Convention " of 18GG ; 
and re-elected to the Fortieth Congress. 

Hooper, William.— He was born in 
Boston, June 17- 1742; graduated at Har- 
vard University inl7G0; studied law and 
was admitted to the bar; in 17C6 he set- 
tled in Wilmington, North Carolina; in 
1770 he had the courage to instigate se- 
vere measures against three thousand 
Regulators in t hat State, which caused their 
dispersion; in 1773 he was elected to the 
State Assembly. He was a Delegate to 
the Continental Congreso from 177't to 
1777, and signed the Declaration of Inde- 
pendence ; in 1776 he was a member of 
the " Hillsborough and Halifax Conven- 
tion; " in 1787 he retired from public life, 
and died in October, 1790. 

Hooper, W, H.— Born in Cambridge, 
Dorchester Couniy, Maryland, December 
25, 1813; received a common-school edu- 
cation ; was for several years a clerk in a 
store at Baltimore ; when seventeen years 
of age built a schooner; was for some 
years a merchant on the Eastern Shore of 
Maryland, emigrated to Illinois in 1835, 
from which time until 1849 he was en- 
gaged in mercantile pursuits and steam- 
boating on the Mississippi. In 1850 he 
removed to Utah ; was a member of the 
Legislature, and Acting Secretary of the 
Territory; and in 1859 entered the Thirty- 
sixth Congress as a Delegate from the 
Territory of Utah; and was re-elected a 
Delegate to the Thirty-ninth Congress. 

Hopkins, Benjainin F.—Ue was 
born in Washington County, New York, 
April 22, 1829; received a good English 
education ; removed to Wisconsin and be- 
came engaged in general business pur- 
suits; was Private Secretary to the Gov- 
ernor of Wisconsin for one terra ; Avas a 
member of both branches of the Legisla- 
ture, and in 18(J6 he was elected a Repre- 
sentative from Wisconsin to the Fortieth 
Congress, serving on the Committees on 
Enrolled Bills and Public Lands. 

HopMns, George W. — Born in 

Goochland County, Virginia, February 22, 
1804. He was educated at the "old field 
schools " of that day, and for some years 
alternately taught school and studied law. 
During the years 1833 and 1834 he served 
in the House of Delegates, and was elect- 
ed a Representative in Congress in 1835, 
and was re-elected mitil 1847, serving 
during one session as Speaker of the 
House of Representatives, after which he 
was appointed by President Polk Charge 
d'Affaires of the United States to Portu- 
gal. On his return from Europe, in 1849, 
he went a second time into the House of 
Delegates of Virginia, and was elected | 
13 



Speaker of the House. He was subse- 
quently elected a Jud^'e of the Circuit 
Court, and in 1857 was re-elected to the 
Thirty-flfLh Congress, serving as Chair- 
man of the Committee on Foreign Rela- 
tions. Died Marcli 2, LSGl, at which time 
he was a member of the Virginia Legisla- 
ture. 

HopMns, Samuel.— lie was born in 
Albemarle County, Virginia. He served 
with distinction in the Revolutionary war, 
having fought at Princeton. Trenton, Mon- 
mouth, Brandywine, and Geruiantown, 
and also as Lieutenant-Colonel of a Vir- 
ginia regiment at the siege of Charleston. 
He removed to Kentucky in 1797, and 
served a number of years in the State 
Legislature; in 1812 led two thousand 
troops against the Kickapoo Indians ; and 
was a Representative in Congress, from 
Kentucky, from 1813 to 1815. He died at 
an advanced age in October, 1819. 

HopMns, Samuel M.—Hq gradu- 
ated at Yale College in 1791, and was a 
Representative in Congress, from New 
York, from 1813 to 1815. He was an 
eminent lawyer, and much respected as a 
philanthropist and a Christian. He died 
at Geneva, New York, October 8, 1837, 
aged sixty-live years. 

HopMns, Stephen.— lie was born 

in Scituate, Massachusetts, March 7, 1707; 
was brought up a farmer; in 1742 removed 
to Providence and entered the mercantile 
business; from 1751 to 1754 he was Chief 
Justice of the Superior Court; in 1755 he 
was elected Governor of the State, and, 
with the exception of four years, served 
until 17C8. He was a Delegate to the 
Continental Congress from 1774 to 1777, 
and also in 1778, and was a signer of the 
Declaration of independence. In 1765 he 
published, by order of the Assembly, 
"Rights of ihe Colonies examined, arid 
an Account of Providence," in two vol- 
umes. Died July 13, 1785. 

HopMnson, Francis. — Born in 

Philadelphia, in 1738 ; his father died when 
he was fourteen years of age, and, after 
having been taught by his mother, he en- 
tered the University of Pennsylvania, 
where he graduated. He studied law, but 
was fond of the fine arts, and indulged in 
humorous satire. In 17G5 he visited Eng- 
land, and remained there two years. On 
the breaking out of the Revolution he 
rendered good service to the American 
cause by the power of his pen. He was a 
signer of the Declaration of Indepen- 
dence; a Delegate from New Jersey to 
the Continental Congress in 177G and 
1777 ; he was a Judge of the Admiralty 
Court ; and subsequently a Judge of the 
United States District Court. Died of 
apoplexy May 9, 1791. 



194 



BIOGBAPIIICAL BECOEDS. 



IIopMnson, fToseph.— Born in Phil- 
adelphia, Pennsylvania, November 12, 
1770 ; was cdncatecl at the Universitj' of 
his native State, from which institution, 
as well as from Nassau Hall and Harvard 
University, he subsequently received the 
degree of LL.D. He studied law, and 
commenced to practise at the age of twenty 
at Easton, and afterwards at Philadelphia, 
and became eminent in his profession. He 
was the leading counsel of Dr. Rush in his 
famous suit against William Cobbett in 
1799, and was also engaged by Judge Chase 
in his impeacliment case before the United 
States Senate. In 1815 he was a Represent- 
ative in Congress from Pennsylvania, and 
served until 1819, after which he resided 
in Bordentovvn, New Jersey, until ap- 
pointed by President John Quincy Adams 
Judge of the District Court of the United 
States for the Eastern District of Penn- 
sylvania, when he returned to Philadel- 
phia, and held this office until his death. 
In 1837 he was a member of the Constitu- 
tional Convention of the State ; was one 
of the Trustees of the University of 
Pennsylvania; was President of the Phil- 
adelpliia Academy of Fine Arts, and Vice- 
President of the American Philosophical 
Society. He published many interesting 
addresses, and wrote the song "Hail, 
Columbia." He died at Philadelphia, Jan- 
uary 15, 1842. 

Morn, Menri/.—Ilewas a Represent- 
ative in Congress,'from Pennsylvania, from 
1831 to 1833. 

MombecJc, John TF.— He was a na- 
tive of New Jersey, and a graduate of 
Union College, New York. Removed to 
Pennsylvania, and turned his attention to 
the profession of law. He was a mem- 
ber of the House or Representatives in 
Congress, from Pennsylvania, from 1847 
to 1848, and died at Allentovvn, Pennsyl- 
vania, January 16, 1848. 

Jlornbloiver , tTosiah. — Born in 
Stalfordsiiire, England, in 1729. Did not 
receive a university education, but Avas a 
greatstudent and made himself acquainted 
with many important branches of science, 
and adopted the profession of civil engi- 
neering. In 1751 he came to America to 
build a steam engine at the copper mines 
near Belleville, New Jersey. This is said 
to have been the first engine built in North 
America. He became interested in miner- 
alogy and mining. He espoused the cause 
of American Independence ; was several 
years in the State Legislature, serving as 
Speaker ; and was a Delegate to the Con- 
tinental Congress from 1785 to 1786. He 
was Justice of the Peace for a long period, 
and in 1798 was appointed Judge of Essex 
County Court, which position he held till 
his death, which occurred January 31, 
180D. 



Sorseif, Outerhridge. — He was a 

native of Delaware, and born in 1777: after 
completing his classical education, he 
studied law, under James A. Bayard, and 
rose to eminence in his profession He 
was for many years Attorney-General of 
the State, and was a Senator in Congress, 
from Delaware, from 1810 to 1821. He 
died at Needwood, Maryland, June 9, 
1842. 

Horton, Thomas JR.— He was born 
in New York, and was a Representative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1855 to 

1857. 

Morton, Valentine B.—Hq was 

born at Windsor, Vermont, January 29, 
1802; was educated at Partridge's Mil- 
itary Academy, in that State; and after 
that institution was removed to Middle- 
town, Connecticut, he became a teacher 
therein. He studied law at Middletown, 
and was admitted to the bar in 1830, aftw' 
wliich he removed to and practised his 
profession in Pittsljurg. He removed to 
Cincinnati, Ohio, in 1833, where he fol- 
lovved his profession for two years, and in 
1835 removed to Pomeroy, Ohio, his pres- 
ent residence, where he engaged in min- 
ing and manufacturing. He was a member 
of the Ohio "Constitutional Convention" of 
1850, and in 1854 he was elected a Repre- 
sentative to the Thirty-fourth Congress, 
and was I'e-elected to the Tliirty-flfth, his 
business affairs causing him to decline a 
nomination for the next Congress. He 
was, however, re-elected to the Thirty- 
seventh Congress, serving on the Com- 
mittee on Ways and Means. In 1861 he 
was a member of the " Peace Congress," 
held in Washington. He was also a Del- 
egate to the Philadelphia " Loyalists' 
Convention " of 1866. 

Mosford, Jedediah. — He was bom 

in Vermont, and, having removed to New 
York, was elected a Representative to 
Congress, from that State, from 1851 to 
1853. 

Mosmer, HezeMah i.— He was a 

Representative to Congress, from New 
York, from 1797 to 1799. 

Mosiner, Titus. — He was a Delegate, 
from Connecticut, to the Continental Con- 
gress, from 1775 to 1779, and was a signer 
of the Articles of Confederation. 

Hostetter, JTacob.—He was born in 
York, Pennsylvania, and was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from that State, 
from 1819 to 1821. 

MotchJciss, Giles TF.— A lawyer by 
profession ; and in 1862 he was elected a 
Representative, from New York, to the 
Thirty-eighth Congress, serving as a mem- 
ber of the Committees on Claims, and oa 



BIOGBAPHICAL BEC0RD8. 



195 



Private Land Claims. Re-elected to the 
Tliirt}'-niiith Congress, serving on the 
Conimittces on Claims, and Private Land 
Claims. 

Sotchkiss, Julius. — He was born in 
Middletown, Connecticut, in 1810; re- 
ceived a common-school education ; turned 
his atteniion to mercantile pursuits, which 
he sul)sequently merged into the manu- 
facturing business ; when his native place 
was organized into a city, he was elected 
its first Mayor; he was twice elected to 
the State Legislature ; was u candidate in 
18;)4 for the office of Comptroller of the 
State ; and in 1867 he was elected a Hep- 
resentative from Connecticut to the For- 
tieth Congress, serving on the Committees 
on Territories and Freedmen's Afl'airs. 

HoucJc, Jr, tTacob.—Ue was born 
in JSIew York, and was a Representative 
in Congress, from 1841 to 1843. 

Bough, David. — He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from New Hamp- 
shire, from 1803 to 1807. 

Hough, William J". — He was born 
in iSevv York; served in the Assembly of 
that State, iu 1835 and 183G; and was a 
Representative in Congress, from New 
York, from 1845 to 1847. 

Houston, George S. — He was born 
in W illiamson County, Tennessee, January 
17, 1811, but removed, when quite young, 
to the Fifth Congressional District of 
Alabama, Avhere he was educated, and has 
since resided. Soon after attaining the 
age of twenty-one, he was admitted to 
the bar, and elected to the Alabama Legis- 
lature, and served two sessions ; he was 
also, for a time. Attorney for the State, 
or Solicitor; and was a second time 
elected to the Legislature. He was elect- 
ed a Representative to Congress, in 1841, 
and continued to serve, hy successive 
elections, until 1849, when he voluntarily 
retired, for the purpose of I'esuming the 
practice of law. He was again elected to 
Congress, in 1851, and subsequently re- 
elected, serving on several of the leading 
committees, and officiating during the 
Thirt3^-fiilh Congress as Chairman of the 
Committee on the Judiciary ; having, dur- 
ing a former session, acted as Chairman 
of the Committee on Ways and Means. 
He was also a member of the special 
Committee of Thirty-three. Withdrew 
in February, 1861. lie was a Delegate to 
the Philadelphia "National Union Con- 
vention" of 1866. 

Houston, John.—E-Q was a Delegate 
from Geoi-gia, to the Continental Con- 
gress, from 1775 to 1777. 

Houston, John fF.— Born in Sus- 
sex County, Delaware; studied at New- 



ark Academy, and graduated at Yale Col- 
lege in 1S31. He studied law with John 
M. Clayton, and was admitted to the bar 
in 1837. lie was Secretary of State in 
1841 ; a Representative in Congress, from 
Delaware, from 1845 to 1851; and in 1856 
he was appointed Judge of the Supreme 
Court of Delaware. He was a Delegate 
to the " Peace Congress" of 18G1. 

Houston, Sam.— Bern in Rockbridge 
County, Virginia, March 2, 1793. lie lost 
his father when quite young, and his 
mother removed with her family to the 
banks of the Tennessee, at that time the 
limit of civilization. Here he received 
but a scanty education; he passed several 
years among the Cherokee Indians, and, 
iu fact, through all his life, he seems to 
have held opinions with Rousseau, and 
retained a predilection for life in the wil- 
derness. After having served for a time 
as clerk to a country trader, and kept a 
school, in 1813 he enlisted in the army, 
and served under General Jackson, in the 
war with the Creek Indians. He distin- 
guished himself on several occasions, and 
at the conclusion of the war he had risen 
to the rank of Lieutenant, but soon re- 
signed his commission, and commenced 
the study of law at Nashville. It was 
about this time that he began his political 
life. After holding several minor offices 
in Tennessee, he Avas, in 1823, elected to 
Congress, and continued a member of 
that body until, in 1827, he became Gov- 
ernor of Tennessee. In 1829, before the 
expiration of his gubernatorial term, he 
resigned his office, and went to take up 
his abode among the Cherokees in Arkan- 
sas. During his residence among the 
Indians, he became acquainted with the 
frauds practised upon thorn by the Gov- 
ernment agents, and undertook a mission 
to Washington for tlie purpose of expos- 
ing them. In the execution of this proj- 
ect, he met with but little success; he 
became involved in lawsuits, and returned 
to his Indian friends. During a visit to 
Texas he was requested to allow his 
name to be used in the canvass for a Con- 
vention Avhich was to meet to form a 
Constitution for Texas, prior to its ad- 
mission into the Mexican Union. He con- 
sented, and was unanimously elected. 
The Constitution drawn up by the Con- 
vention was rejected by Santa Anna, at 
that time in power, and the disaffectioa 
of the Texans, caused thereby, was still 
further heightened by a demand upon 
them to give up their arras. They deter- 
mined upon a resistance ; a Militia was or- 
ganized, and Austin, the founder of the col- 
ony, was elected Commander-in-Chief, in 
which office he was shortly after succeeded 
by General Houston. He conducted the 
war with vigor, and Anally brought it to a 
successful termination by the battle of 
San Jacinto, which was fought in April, 
1836. In May, 1836, he signed a treaty 



196 



BIOaBAPHICAL liECOBDS. 



acknowleclgins; the indepeiidence of Tex- 
as, and ill October of the same year he 
was inaugurated the first President of the 
Eepuhlic. At the end of his term of office, 
as the same person could not constitu- 
tionally be elected President twice in suc- 
cession, he became a member of the 
Texas Congress. In 1841, however, he 
was again elevated to the Presidential 
chair. During the whole time that he 
held that office, it was his fiivorite policy 
to effect the annexation of Texas to the 
United States; but he retired from office 
before he saw the consummation of his 
Avishes. In 1846 Texas became one of the 
States of the Union, and General Houston 
was elected to the Senate, of which body 
he remained a member until 1859, the close 
of the Thirty-fifth Congress, serving on 
the Committee on Indian x\flairs. lu 1859 
he was elected Governor of Texas. In a 
letter that he addressed to the compiler 
of this volume, he said, in his characteris- 
tic manner, that he " had risen from a 
Sergeant up to President of a llepublic, 
and down to a Senator of the United States 
Senate." Died in Huntersville, Texas, 
July 25, 1863. His name was Sam, not 
Samuel as generally printed. 

Mouston, WilUain.~llQ was a Del- 
egate I'rom Georgia, to the Continental 
Congress, from i7S4 to 1787, and was a 
member of the Convention which formed 
the Federal Constitution, but did not sign 
the instrument. 

Houston, William C— He grad- 
uated at Princeton College in 17C8; was a 
Professor of Mathematics in tlie same; 
and a Delegate, from New Jersey, to the 
Continental Congress, from 1779 to 1782, 
and again in 1784 and 1785. Died in 1788. 

Howard, Benjamin. — He was a 

Picpresentative in Congress, from Ken- 
tucky, from 1807 to 1810, when ho was 
appointed Governor of Indiana Territory. 
He was appointed Brigadier-General in 
the United States Army in 1813; and was 
once Governor of Missouri Territory. He 
died at St. Louis, Missouri, September 18, 
1814. 

Howard Benjamin C. — He was 

bora in Maryland; graduated at Princeton 
College in 1809 ; and was a Representative 
in Congress, from Maryland, from 1829 to 
1833, and again from 1835 to 1839. He 
was also a Delegate to the " Peace Con- 
gress" of 1861. 

Howard J'acoh M. — He was born in 

Shaftsbury, Vermont, July 10, 1805 ; was 
educated at the Academies of IBennington 
and Brattleborough, and at Williams' Col- 
lege, where he graduated in 1830; studied 
law, and taught in an academy in Massa- 
chusetts for a time ; I'emoved to Michigan 
ia 1832, and came to the bar of that Ter- 



ritory in 1833 ; in 1838 he was a member 
of the Legislature of the State; from 1841 
to 1843 he was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Michiiian; in 1854 he was 
elected Attorney-General of the State, 
twice re-elected, and serving in all six 
years; and in 18G2 he was elected a Sen- 
ator in Congress, in the place of K. S. 
Bingham, deceased, for the term ending 
in 1865, serving as Chairman of the Com- 
mittee ou the Pacific Railroad, and as a 
member of the Committees on Military 
Aflairs, the Judiciary, and Private Land 
(Jlaims. He was re-elected a Senator in 
Congress for the term commencing in 
1865, and ending in 1871, serving on the 
Library Committee, and those on Claims, 
Private Land Claims, the Library, the 
Special Joint Committee ou the Rebellious 
States, and as Chairman of that of Ord- 
nance. He received from AVilliams Col- 
lege, in 186G, the degree of LL.D., and was 
a Delegate to the Philadelphia " Loyalists' 
Convention " of the same year. 

Howard, Jolin Eager.— Rq was 
born June 4, 1752, in Baltimore County, 
Maryland; and graduated at Princeton 
College. He entered the army, in 1776. as 
a Captain in the regiment of Colonel J. 
C. Hall; in the fallowing year he was 
promoted, till finally he succeeded to the 
command of the Second Maryland Regi- 
ment, He was an efficient coadjutor of 
Greene during the campaign of the 
South, distiugdishing himself at the bat- 
tle of Cowpeus, when, says Lee, '• he 
seized the critical moment, and turned 
the fortune of the day ; " also at Guilford, 
and the Eutaws, He was in the engage- 
ment of \Vhite Plains, Germantown, Mon- 
mouth, Camden, and llobkirk's Hill. Hav- 
ing been trained to the infantry service, 
he was i-emarkably apt at charging into 
close battle with fixed bayonet; at Cow- 
pens this mode of fighting was resorted 
to for the first time in the war, and in 
this battle he had in his hands at one time 
the swords of seven officers who had sur- 
rendered to him personally. On this 
occasion he saved the life of the British 
General O'Hara, whom he found clinging 
to his stirrup and asking quarter. When 
the army was disbanded he retired to his 
patrimonial estate near Baltimore. In 
1787 he was a Delegate to the Continen- 
tal Congress, and was in 1788 chosen 
Governor of Maryland, and held the office 
three years. He was a Senator of the 
United States, from Maryland, from 1796 
to 1803, and was President pro tern, of the 
Senate in the Sixth Congress. He died 
October 12, 1827. 

Howard, TilgJiman ^.— Born near 

Pickansville, South Carolina, November 
14, 1797. He received a limited educa- 
tion, and commenced active life as a clerk 
in a store, and as a school-master; re- 
moved to Tennessee and devoted himself 



BIOGBAPHICAL BECOnDS. 



197 



to the law; vvhen twenty-seven years of 
age was elected a member of tlie Tennes- 
see Legislature ; was a Jackson Elector in 
1830; during that year removed to Indi- 
ana, and was appointed, l)y Presi lent 
Jackson, District Attorney for that State; 
and was appointed Chai'ge d'Afltiires to 
Texas in 18-ti, iu which Republic he died, 
August 16, 1844. His term of service as 
a Representative in Congress, from Indi- 
ana, was from 1839 to 1841. 

Howard, Volney E. — He was born 
in Isorricigewock, Maine; studied law; 
emigrated to Missi-isippi, where he dis- 
tinguished himself as an editor, and 
fought two duels, first with S. S.Prentiss, 
and next with Governor Mci\'utt; and, 
having emigrated to i'exas, was elected a 
Representative in Congress, from that 
State, from 1849 to 1853. 

Howard, William.— Bom in Vir- 
ginia, and was elected a Representative, 
from Ohio, to the Tiiirty-sixth Congress, 
serving on the Commiitee on Revi&al and 
Untiuisued Eusiuess. 

Howard, William A. —He was born 
in Verajont; graduated at Middlcbury 
College iu 1839 ; and, having taken up his 
residence in Michigan, was elected a Rep- 
resentative, from that State, to the Thir- 
ty-fourth and Thirty-tifth Congresses, and 
■was a member of the Committee on Ways 
and Means. Having contested the seat of 
G. B. Cooper in 18G0, he became a nuni- 
ber of the Thirty-sixth Congress; serving 
as a member of the Select Committee of 
Thirty-three. In 18GI he was appointed, 
by President Lincoln, Postraa^tsr at De- 
troit. He was also a Delegate to the 
Philadelphia " Loyalists' Convention" of 
1866. 

Howe, John TF.— He Avas born in 
New Hampshire, and, having settled in 
Pennsylvania, was elected a Representa- 
tive iu Congress, from 1849 to 1853. 

Howe, Thomas M.—He was born in 
Vermont, and, having settled in Pennsyl- 
vania, was elected a Representative in 
Congress, from 1851 to 1855. He was for 
many years Cashier, and tiien President, 
of the Exchange Bank, of Pittsburg. 

Hotve, fir., Thovfias Y.—TLa vvas a 
native of New York, and was a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from that State, from 
1851 to 1853. 

Howe, Tim,othi/ O.— Was born in 
Livermore, Oxford County, Maine, Febru- 
ary 7, 1816; received an academical educa- 
tion at the Readfleld Seminary; studied 
law and was admitted to the bar in 1839; 
settled at Readlleld, and was elected to 
the Legislature of Maine in 1845 ; in the 
latter part of that year lie removed to 



Green Bay, Wisconsin ; was elected a Cir- 
cuit Judge in that State, iu 1850, holding 
the oitice until 1855, when he resigned; 
and in 1861 he was elected a Senator in 
Congress, from Wisconsin, for tlie term 
ending in 1867; serving on the Commit- 
tees on Finance, Commerce, Pensions, and 
Claims, and as Chairman of the Committee 
on Enrolled Bills and of those on the Li- 
brary and Claims, and subsequently ou 
those on Appropriations and Revolution- 
ary Claims. He was also a Delegate to 
the Piiiladelpiiia "Loyalists' Convention" 
of 1866, and in January, 1867, he was re- 
elected to the Senate for the term ending 
in 1873. 

Howell, David. — Born in New Jer- 
sey ; graduated at Princeton College in 
1766. Removing to Rhode Island, he was 
appointed Pnjfessor of Mathematics, and 
afterwards of Law, in Brown University. 
Practised law in Providence, and was 
chosen Judge of the Supreme Court. He 
was a Delegate to the Continental Con- 
gress, from 1782 to 1785, and iu 1812 was 
appointed District Judge for Rh(Kle Island, 
whicJi otlice he iilled till his death. He 
died in 1824, aged seventy-seven years. 

Howell, Edward. — He was a mem- 
ber of the New \ork Assembly iu 1832, 
and a Representative in Congress, from 
that State", from 1833 to 1835. 

Hoivell, Ellas.— ^le was born in New 
Jersey, ami, having taken up his residence 
in Ohio, was elected a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1835 to 
1837. 

Howell, tTereiniah B.—Ue was a 

native of Rhode Island, and graduated at 
Brown Uuiver.sity in 1789; was a Senator 
in Congress, from Rhode Island, from 1811 
to 1817, and died in 1822, aged tifty years. 

Hotvell, Nathaniel. — He graduated 
at Princetim College in 1788, and was a 
Representative in Congress, from New 
York, from 1813 to 1815, and died at Can- 
andaigua. New York, October 16, 1851, 
aged eighty-one years. 

Howland, Benjamin.— TIq was a 

native of Rhode Island ; vvas a Senator in 
Congress, from that State, from 1804 to 
1809, and died May 6, 1821. 

Howley, Blchard. — He was a Dele- 
gate, from Georgia, to the Continental 
Congress, from 1780 to 1781. 

Hubard, Edmund W, —He was 

boru iu Virginia, and was a Representa- 
tive iu Coirgress, from that State, from 
1841 to 1847. 

Huhhard, Asahel TT.— He was born 
in Haddam, Connecticut, January 18, 1819 ; 



198 



BIOGBAPHIOAL BEC0BD8. 



received a district-school education; re- 
moved to Indiana in 1838, and tauglit 
scliool for a time ; studied law, and came 
to tlie bar in 1841 ; in 18i7 he was elected 
to tlie Indiana Legislature, and served 
three years ; in 1857 he removed to Iowa, 
and was chosen Judge of the Fourth Judi- 
cial District of that State ; and in 1862 he 
was elected a Representative, from Iowa, 
to the Thirty-eighth Congress, serving as 
a member of the Committee on Foreign 
Affairs, and of the Special Committee to 
visit the Indian Tribes of the West. Ee- 
elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, serv- 
ing on the Committees on Public Expen- 
ditures and Indian Affairs; also re-elected 
to the Fortieth Congress, serving on his 
old committees. 

Hubbard, Chester J>,— He was born 
in Hamden, Connecticut, November 25, 
1814 ; removed with his parents to West- 
ern Pennsylvania in 1815 ; thence to Wheel- 
ing, Virginia, in 1819; graduated at the 
Wesleyan University in 1840; was en- 
gaged in the lumber, iron, and banking 
business ; in 1852 and 1853 he was a mem- 
ber of the Virginia Legislature; was a 
member of the " Richmond Convention " 
of 1861, and also of the " Wheeling Con- 
vention" of the same year; served one 
term in the Senate of West Virginia after 
its organization ; was a Delegate to the 
" Baltimore Convention " of 1864 ; was the 
Commissioner from West Virginia to the 
Soldiers' National Cemetery, and was 
elected a Representative, from that State, 
to the Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on 
the Committees on Manufactures and on 
Banking and Currency. He was also re- 
elected to the Fortieth Congress, serving 
on old committees and as Chairman of 
that on Interior Department Expenses. 

Hubbard, David.— Hq was horn in 
Virginia, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from Alabama, from 1839 to 
1841, and for a second term, from 1849 to 
1851. 

Hubbard, Jr., Deinas.— Born in 
Winheld, County of Herkimer, Nevv York, 
January 17, 1806 ; received an academical 
education; was devoted to farming and 
the practice of law ; was for many years 
Supervisor of Chenango County, and four 
years Chairman of the Board ; from 1838 
to 1340 he was a member of tiie State Leg- 
islature; and in 1864 he was elected a 
Representative, from New York, to the 
Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the 
Committee on the Post Office and Post 
Roads. 

Hubbard, Henry. — Tie was born in 
Chai'lestown, New Hampshire, May 3, 
1784 ; graduated at Dartmoutli College in 
1803; studied law, and commenced prac- 
tice in Charlestown. He came early into 
public life. He was frequently a member 



of the State Legislature, and for some 
years Speaker of the House. He was 
Judge of Probate for Sullivan County, 
from 1827 to 1829; a Representative in 
Congress, from 1829 to 1835 ; and a Sena- 
tor in Congress from 1835 to 1841. He 
was also Governor of New Hampshire in 
1842 and 1843; and from 1846 to 1849 
United States Assistant Treasurer in Bos- 
ton. For a part of the time, during the 
Tvvent3'--eighth Congress, he acted as 
Speaker of the House of Representatives. 
He died at Charlestown, New Hampshire, 
June 5, 1857. 

Hubbard, John H.—Jle was born in 
Salisbury, Litchfield County, Connecticut, 
in 1805 ; received a good common-school 
education; studied law, and was admitted 
to the bar in 1826, and was a regular prac- 
titioner of his profession until 1855. For 
five years he was Attorney for the County 
of Litchfield; was twice elected to the 
State Senate; and early in 1863 he was 
elected a Representative, from Connecti- 
cut, to the Tliirty-eighth Congress, serv- 
ing on the Committees on Patents and 
Expenditures in the Post Office Depart- 
ment. Re-elected to the Thirty-ninth 
Congress, serving on the Committees on 
Roads and Canals, and on Patents. He 
was also a Delegate to the Philadelphia 
"Loyalists' Convention" of 1866. 

Hubbard, Jonathan H. — Born in 
1768. He was one of the oldest and most 
esteemed citizens of Vermont, and was 
distinguished as a jurist; he was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from 1809 to 1811, 
and for many years was one of the Judges 
of the Supreme Court of Vermont. His 
death occurred wliere most of his life was 
spent, at Windsor, Vermont, September 
20, 1849. 

Hubbard, Levi. — He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Massachu- 
setts, from 1813 to 1815; a State Senator 
in 1806, 1807, 1811, and 1816 ; also for some 
years a County Treasurer; a State Coun- 
cillor in 1829 ; a Presidential Elector in 
1820 and 1828 ; having also been in 1804 
and 1805 a member of the State Legisla- 
ture. 

Hubbard, Michard 2>. — He was 

born in Berlin, Connecticut, September 7, 
1818 ; graduated at Yale College ; studied 
law, and devoted his whole attention to 
the profession; and in 1867 was elected a 
Representative, from Connecticut, to the 
Fortieth Congress, serving on the Com- 
mittees on Claims and Expendituresin the 
Post Office Department. 

Hubbard, Sainuel DicTcinson- — 

Born at Middletown, Connecticut, August 
10, 1799, and died at the same place, Octo- 
ber 8, 1855. Graduated at Yale College in 
1819; studied law, but did not practise, 



BIOGEAPIIICAL BECOBDS. 



199 



devoting himself chiefly to the raaiiufac- 
turing business. He served as a Repre- 
sentative tlirough the Iwenty-ninth and 
Thirtieth Congresses. In 1852 he was ap- 
pointed Postmaster-General, and held the 
ofBce until the close of President Fill- 
more's admi.istratiou, after which he re- 
tired to private life. He was zealous in 
the cause of education, and assisted in the 
establishment of the City High School at 
Middletowu. 

Hubbard, Thotnas U.—IIq was a 
native of New Haven, Connecticut, and a 
graduate of Yale College in 1708. lie 
studied law, and settled at Hamilton, in 
Madison County, New York, and was there 
Surrogate for ten years. In 1823 he re- 
moved to Utica, and was a Representative 
in Congress, from New York, from 1817 to 
1819, and from 1821 to 1823. He Avas 
chosen Presidential Elector in 1812, 184-i, 
and 1852. He died in Utica, May 22, 1857, 
aged seventy-six years. 

Siibbell, Edwin N". — He was born 

in Coxsackie, New York, August 13, 1815 ; 
received an academical education; was 
chiefly devoted to the pursuits of manu- 
facturing and larming; held for a time the 
oflace of County Supervisor; and in 1864 
was elected a Representative, from New 
York, to the Thirty-ninth Congress, serv- 
ing on the Committees on Manufactures, 
Expenditures in the War Department, and 
Pree Schools in the District of Columbia. 

XEubbell, James 22. — He was born 
in Delaware County, Ohio, in 182-1: , I'c- 
ceived an ordinary education; adopted 
the profession of law ; served four times 
in the State Legislature, and twice as 
Speaker of the House; was a Presidential 
Elector in 185 G ; and in 180-1 he was elected 
a Representative, from Ohio, to the Thir- 
ty-ninth Congress, serving on the Com- 
mittees on the War Departmeut and Agri- 
culture. He was also a Delegate to the 
Philadelphia "Loyalists' Convention" of 
1866. 

Subbell, William S. — He was born 
in New York; was a member of the As- 
sembly of that State in 18il ; and a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from the same, 
from 1843 to 1845. 

Hubley, Edivard B.— From 1835 to 
1839 a Representative in Congress, from 
Pennsylvania; and died February 23, 1856, 
in Philadelphia. 

Hudson, Charles. — Bora in Marl- 
borougli, Massachusetts, November 14, 
1795. He spent his youth as a student in 
a village school, and also as a teacher, and 
at the age of twenty- one was a day-la- 
borer on a farm. In 1819 he was licensed 
as a Preacher of the Universalist persua- 
feion; was a member of the Massachusetts 



Legislature from 1828 to 1833; a State 
Senator from 1833 to 1839 ; a Scate Coun- 
cillor from 1839 to 1841; and was 
elected to Congress in 1841, where he 
remained until 1849. He was subsequently 
appointed Naval Officer for Boston, Mas- 
sachusetts, by the Federal Government, 
serving from 1849 to 1853. 

Hufty, Jacob. — He was a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from New Jersej^, from 
1809 to 1814. 

Huger, Benjamin. — He was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from South Caro- 
lina, from 1799 to 1805, and for a second 
term from 1815 to 1817. 

Suffer, Daniel. — He was a member 
of the Cont:ineutal Congress, and a Repre- 
sentative in the Congress of the United 
States, from South Carolina, from 1789 to 
1793. 

Muger, Daniel Elliot.— Was a citi- 
zen of Charleston, South Carolina; grad- 
uated at Princeton College in 1798; and 
for nearly half a century was identifled 
with the public service of his State, as a 
member of the Legislature, State Senate, 
and Judge of her Courts ; and was a Sen- 
ator in Congress, from South Carolina, 
from 1843 to 1846. He died in Charleston, 
in August, 1854. 

Hughes, Charles. — He was born iu 
Georgia, and, having settled in New York, 
was elected a Representative iu Congress, 
from that State, from 1853 to 1855. Iu 
1802 he was appointed Provo«t-Marshal 
for the Sixteenth District of New York. 

Hughes, George W. — He was 

elected a Representative, from Maryland, 
to the Thirty-sixth Congress, serving as 
a member of the Committee on Expendi- 
tures in the Navy Department. 

Hughes, James.— He was born at 
Hampstead, Maryland, November 24, 
1823, and was educated at the State Uni- 
versity of Indiana. He began the practice 
of law at Bloomington, Indiana, in 1842; 
was appointed First Lieutenant of the Six- 
teenth Regiment of United States Infantry, 
one of the ten regiments in the ]\Iexican 
war, and served till the close of the war, 
and then returned to the practice of law 
in Bloomiuiiton. He was elected Circuit 
Judge, in 1852, for six years ; in 1853 was 
elected Professor of Law in the Univer- 
sity of Indiana, and served three years. 
He was elected a Representative, from In- 
diana, iu the Thirty-flfth Congress, serv- 
ing as a member of the Committee on 
Territories. In 1861 he was appointed, by 
President Buchanan, a Judge of the Court 
of Claims, which he resigned in 1835. In 
Mav, 1866, he was appointed, by President 
Johnson, a Cotton Agent for the Treasury 



200 



BIOCrBAPIIIOAL EECOBDS. 



Department ; and subsequently settled in 
Washington City as an Attoraey-at-Law, 
but was soon afterwards elected to tlie 
Legislature of Indiana. 

Hughes, Jatnes 31.— lie. was a native 
of KenLucky, andallepresentative in Con- 
gress, from Missouri, from 18i3 to 1845. 

Hughes, Thomas S. — He was a 

Eepresentative in Congress, from New 
Jersey, from 182D to 1833. 

Hughston, Jonas A.—Uq was born 
in New York, and was a Eepresentative, 
from that State, to the Thirty-fourth Con- 
gress. In ■ 1845 he was District Attorney 
for Delaware County; and was subse- 
quently Marshal of Shanghai, where he 
died in 1862. 

Hiigtinin, Daniel. — He was born in 
Montgomery County, New York, and was 
distinguished as an officer in the war of 
1812, and participated in the stirring 
events on the Niagara frontier, and tlie 
battle of Queenstown, with General Scott, 
where he was taken prisoner. He was a 
member of Congress, from New York, 
from 1825 to 1827; and a member of the 
New York Legislature, and at a later 
period United States Marshal for the Ter- 
ritory of Wisconsin, u^ider an appoint- 
ment from President Harrison, lie died 
at Kenosha, Wisconsin, June, 1850, aged 
fifty-nine. 

Hulbet't, John W.—lle was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from Massachu- 
setts, from 1811 to 1817; having succeeded 
Daniel Dewey, resigned. 

Mulhurd, Calvin T.— Ho was born 

in Stockholm, St. Lawrence County, New 
Y^ork, June 5, 1800; graduated at Middle- 
bury College, Vermont, in 1820; read law 
at Yale College, and adopted the occupa- 
tion of farming; was a member of the 
State Legislature from 1842 to 1844, and 
again in 1802; and iu the latter year was 
elected a Representative, from New York, 
to the Thirty-eighth Congress, serving on 
the Committee on Agriculture, and as 
Chairman of the Committee on Public 
Expenditures. Re-elected to the Thirty- 
ninth Congress, serving on the Commit- 
tee on the Library, and as Chairman of the 
Committee on Public Expenditures ; and 
also, of that on the Custom Hc>use Frauds, 
in New York. Re-elected to the Fortieth 
Congress, serving on the Committee on 
Reconstruction; and in 1837 received from 
Hamilton College the degree of LL.D. 

Humphrey, Charles. — He was born 
in Orange County, New York, aud was a 
Eepresentative in Congress, from New 
York, from 1825 to 1827, and subsequently 
served four years in the Assembly of that 
State, one year as Speaker. He died at 



Albany, July 18, 1850, aged fifty-nine 
years. 

Humphrey , Jaines. — Born in Fair- 
field, Connecticut, October 9, 1811 ; grad- 
uated at Amherst College in 1831, of 
which his father, Rev. He man Huuiphrey, 
was for many years President ; had charge, 
in 1832, of Plaintield Academy, Connecti- 
cut ; studied law, and studied for practice 
in Louisville, Kentucky, where he re- 
mained only one year. In 1838 he re- 
moved to the City of New York, where he 
practised his profession ; and in 1858 he 
was elected a Representative, from New 
York, to the Thirty-sixth Congress, serv- 
ing as a member of the Couimittee on 
Foreign Affairs, and of the Select Commit- 
tee of Thirty-three on the Rebellious 
States. Re-elected to the Thirty-ninth 
Congress. During the summer of 1865 he 
visited Europe on a tour of pleasure. In 
the Thirty-ninth Congress he served on 
the Committee on Commerce, and as 
Chairman of the Com'nittee on Expendi- 
tures in the Navy Department. Died in 
Brooklyn, New York, June 16, 1866. 

Humphrey , J. M. — He was born in 
Holland, Erie County, New York, Septem- 
ber 21, 1810; received a common-school 
education ; adopted the profession of law ; 
was Di-<trict Attorney for Erie County in 
1857, 1858, and 1859; was a member of 
the State Senate from 1863 to 1885; and 
was elected a Representative, from New 
York, to the Thirty-ninth Congress, serv- 
ing on tlie Committee on Commerce and 
the Special Committee on the Civil Ser- 
vice. In 1865 he was President of the 
" Democratic State Convention." Re- 
elected to the Fortieth Congress, serving 
on the additional Committee on Expendi- 
tures in the State Department. 

Humphrey, Meuben.—Ue was for 
four years a Senator in the Legislature of 
New York, from Onondaga County; and a 
Representative in Congress, from that 
State, from 1807 to 1809. 

Humphreys, Charles. — He was a 

Delegate, from Pennsylvania, to the Con- 
tinental Congress, from 1774 to 1776. 

Humphreys, Jacoh. — He was a 

Representative in Congress, from Pennsyl- 
vania, from 1819 to 1821. 

Humphreys, Perry W.—He was a 
Representative in Congress, from Tennes- 
see, from 1813 to 1815. 

Hungerford, John O. — He was an 

officer in tne Revolutionary war, and a 
member of Congress, from Virginia, from 
1813 to 1817. "He died at Twiford, in 
Westmoreland County, December 21, 1833, 
aged seventy-four j-ears. 



BIOaBAPHIGAL HECOBDS. 



201 



Hiitigerford, Orville. — He was born 
in CoiuiecticLit iu 1790, and was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from New York, 
from 184:3 to 1847. He died at Water- 
town, April 6, 1855. 

Muntf Hiram I*. — He was born in 
New York, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1835 to 
ISZl) and again from 1839 to 1843. 

Hunt, tTaines B. — He was a native of 
New Yoi'k, and for many years law pnrt- 
ner with Michael Hoffman. He removed to 
Michigan aliout the time of its admission 
into the Union, and was soon called to re- 
sponsible pnblic trusts. He was a mem- 
ber of Congress, from Michigan, from 
1843 to 1847. He died in Washington, 
August 15, 1857, aged fifty-eight years. 

Hunt, JTonathari, — He represented 
the State of Vermont, in Congress, from 
1827 to 18;^>2, serving on the Committee on 
Pifljlic Lands, and died at Washington, 
May 14, of the latter year. He was a 
graduate of Dartmouth College iu 1807. 

Hunt, Samuel.— ^e was a Repre- 
sentative, in Congress, from New Hamp- 
shire, from 1802 to 1805. 

Hunt, Theodore G. — He was born 
in South Carolina, and was a Representa- 
tive in the Thirty-third Congress, from 
Louisiana. 

Hunt, WasTiingfon.— Re was horn in 

Windhana, Greene County, New l''ork, 
August 5, 1811. At the age of eighteen he 
entered upon the study of law, and was 
admitted to the bar at Lockport in 1834. 
In 1836 he was appointed first Judge of 
Niagara County, and was a Representa- 
tive in Congress, from 1818 to 1849, serv- 
ing (luring his last term as Chairman of 
the Committee on Commerce. In 1849 he 
was elected Comptroller of New York, 
and in 1850 Governor of the State. He 
was temporary Chairman of the last 
"Whig National Convention" ever held, 
in ISaO; and in 18G0 he was tendered the 
nomination for the office of Vice-Presi- 
dent, but he declined. Since that time he 
has lived in retirement upon a handsome 
farm near Lockport, dividing liis attention 
between his friends, his books, and the 
pursuits of liorticulture. He was a Dele- 
gate to the "Chicago Conv*ention" in 
18G4; and to the Philadelphia "National 
Union Convention " of 18G6. Died in New 
York City, February 2, 1867. 

Hunter, John. — He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Sonth Caroli- 
na, from 1793 to 1795, and a Senator in 
Congress, from that State, from 1795 to 
1796. 

Hunter, John JF.— He was born in 



the village of Bedford, King's County, 
New York ( now within the limits of the 
City of Brooklyn), October 15, 1807; after 
devoting himself in various wa}^s to 
measures which looked to the progress 
and advancement of his native city, he 
became ideutifled with the New York Cus- 
tom House as Clerk in 1881, and in 1837 
as Assistant Auditor, in which position he 
continued until his resignation in 1865. In 
1864 his name was forged to two checks 
for $6,600 and $4,200,'"on the Assistant 
Treasurer of New York, and although a 
suit was instituted by that officer, the en- 
tire innocence of Mr. Hunter was trium- 
phantly vindicated, and the Treasurer not 
only acknowledged his error in the prem- 
ises, but out of his own pocket paid all 
the expenses of the trial. This was con- 
sidered one of the most remarkable cases 
of the kind on record, and only tended to 
brighten the fair fame of the temporary 
victim. In 1865 he accepted the position 
of Secretary of a Banking Institution in 
Brooklyn; and in 1866 he was elected by 
a large majority, a Representative, from 
New York, to the Thirty-ninth Congress, 
in the place of James Humphrey, de- 
ceased, serving on the Committees on 
Commerce, Banking and Currency, and 
Expenses in the Navy Department. 

Hunter, Morton (7.— He was born 
in Versailles, Ripley County, Indiana, 
February 5, 1825 ; went through a scien- 
tific course of studies in the Indiana State 
University ; studied law and graduated as 
"a lawyer at the above institution. In 1853 
he was elected to the State Legislature; 
in 1860 he was a Presidential Elector; in 
1862 he raised the Eighty-second Regi- 
ment of Indiana Volunteers, and as Colo- 
nel commanded it under the fall of Atlanta 
in 1864; he also had command of a brig- 
ade under General Sherman in his march 
to tlie sea, and continued with the Four- 
teenth Army Corps until its arrival in 
Washington. In March, 1865, he was 
brevetted a Brigadier-General; and in 
ls66 lie was elected a Representative from 
Indiana to the Fortieth Congress, serv- 
ing on the Committees on Territories and 
Mines and Mining. 

Hunter, Nalsivorthy . — He was a 

Delegate in Coniiress, fnnn tlie Territory 
of Mississippi, from 1801 to 1802. Died 
March 11, 1802. 

Hunter, JRobert 31. T. — He was 

born in Essex County, Virginia, April 21, 
1809; was educated at the University of 
Virginia; adopted the profession of law 
and came to the bar in 1830; served tliiee 
years in the State Legislature; and was 
first elected a Representative in Congress, 
from his native State, in 18i>7, when he 
served two terms, and was re-elected iu 
1845, officiating during the Twenty-sixth 
Congress as Speaker. In 1847 he was 



202 



BIOGBAPHICAL BEOOBDS. 



elected a Senator in Congress for a long 
term, and re elected for the term ending 
in 1859, serving as Chairman of the Com- 
mittee on Finance, and as a member of 
the Committees on the Library, and on 
the Pacific llailroad. He was re-elected 
to the Senate in 1859 for another long- 
term, but was expelled July, 1861. He 
took part in the Rebellion as Secretary of 
State, and a member of Congress in the 
Rebel government. After the Rebellion 
he was arrested as a prisoner of State, 
but released on his parole, and in 1867 he 
■was pardoned by President Johnson. 

Hunter, William.— Hq was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from Vermont, 
from 1817 to 1819. He was also a member 
of the State Legislature in 1807 and 1809, 
and a State Councillor in 1809, 1814, and 
1815. 

JSunter, Williatn. — Born in New- 
port, Rhode Island, November 23, 1775; 
graduated at Brown University in 1791; 
went to Loudon, and studied medicine, 
but soon changed to the law, aiid entered 
at the Inner Temple in London; and on 
his return to Newport, at th(i age of twen- 
ty-one, was admitted to the bar. In 1799 
he was a Representative in the General 
Assembly of Rhode Island, and re-elected 
at different periods from that time to the 
year 1811, when he was chosen a Senator 
in Congress, and held his seat till 1821. 
His speeches, especially those on the ac- 
quisition of Florida, and the Missouri 
Compromise, won him a high reputation 
as a sagacious statesman and flnislaed ora- 
tor. In 1834 he was Charge to Brazil, an 
office which was, in 1842, raised to a full 
mission, and he was continued as Minis- 
ter till 1845, when he I'etired from public 
life, and resided at Newport until his 
death, which occurred December 3, 1849. 

Hunter f William 1^.— He was born 
in Alexandria, Virginia, December 10, 
1808 ; had few educational advantages ; 
practised the trade of a cabinet-maker un- 
til 1840; and, having studied law, removed 
to Ohio, and was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from that State, from 1849 to 1853; 
since which time he has devoted himself 
to his profession. 

Hunter, William H. — He was a 

Representative in Congress, from Ohio, 
from 1837 to 1839. 

Huntington, Abel. — He was born in 
Norwich, Connecticut, but at an early age 
removed to East Hampton, Long Island, 
and for sixty years was a practising phy- 
sician. He was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from New York, from 1833 to 1837. 
He was Collector of Sag Harbor, under 
President Polk; and member of the New 
"York Constitutional Con veutiou" of 1846. 



He died at East Hampton, May 18, 1858, 
aged eighty-two years. 

Huntington, Benjamin. — Was a 

native of Norwich, Connecticut ; gradu- 
ated at Yale College in 1761, and practised 
law in his native town. He was a Judge 
of the Superior Court of the Stale, from 
1793 to 1798, and was a member of the 
Continental Congress, from 1780 to 1784, 
and also from 1787 to 1788; and a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, under the Consti- 
tution, from 1789 to 1791. He was Mayor 
of Norwich for twelve years, and he died 
in 1800. Received from Dartmouth Col- 
lege the degree of LL.B. 

Huntington, Ebenezer. — He was 

born in Norwich, Connecticut, and died 
there in May, 1834, aged ninety-seven 
years. He graduated at Yale College in 
1775 ; joined the army the same year as a 
volunteer; was soon commissioned as a 
Lieutenant; in 1776 he was appointed a 
Captain, and also. Deputy Adjutant-Gen- 
eral; in 1777 a Major; in 1779 a Lieuten- 
ant-Colonel; and he was present at the 
surrender of Cornwallis, at Yorktown. 
He was twice elected to Congress, from 
Connecticut, serving from 1810 to 1811, 
and again from 1817 to 1819. In 1799 he 
was, at the recommendation of Washing- 
ton, appointed a Brigadier-General in the 
army raised by Congress, when expecta- 
tions were entertained of a war with 
France. 

Huntington, Jabez TF. — Born in 

Norwich, Connecticut, November 8, 1788, 
and graduated at Yale College in 1806. 
He studied law at Litchfield, and com- 
menced to practise there, where he re- 
mained thirty years. In 1828 he was 
elected to the State Legislature, and in 
1829 was a Representative in Congress; 
which office he filled until 1834, when he 
removed to Norwich, and became a Judge 
of the Supreme Court of Errors, and was 
chosen a Judge of the Superior Court of 
his State. He was a Senator in Congress 
from 1840 until his death, which occurred 
at Norwich, November 1, 1847. 

Huntington, Samuel. — He was 

born in Windham, Connecticut, July 3, 
1732 ; although not liberally educated, he 
acquired a knowledge of law and early 
came to the bar; settled in Norwich and 
became eminent in his profession ; in 1764 
he was elected to the General Assembly 
of the State ; in 1765 was appointedKing's 
Attorney; in 1774 was appointed a Judge 
of the Superior Court; in 1775 elected to 
the Council; was a signer of the Declara- 
tion of Independence, and of the Articles 
of Confederation ; was a Delegate to the 
Continental Congress, from 1776 to 1784, 
serving as President in 1779; in 1784 he 
was appointed Chief Justice ; and he was 
Governor of the State of Connecticut 



BIOGRAPHICAL BEOOBDS. 



203 



from 1786 to 1796, and died January 5, 
In tlie latter year. 

Huntsman, Adam. — He was a na- 
tive of Virg-iuia, aud a Eepreseutative in 
Congress, from Tennessee, from 1835 to 
1837. 

SufcJiins, J'oJm, — Born in Vienna 
Township, Trumbull County, Ohio, July 
25, 1812; was chiefly educated by private 
tutors, although he spent one year at the 
Western Reserve College; studied law, 
and was admitted to the bar in 1837; in 
1838 was appointed Clerk of the Court of 
Common Pleas for Trumbull County, hold- 
ing the position five years ; in 1849 he was 
elected to tlie Ohio Legislature; served a 
numljer of years as a Bank Director; and 
in 1858 he was elected a Representative, 
from Ohio, to the Thirty-sixth Congress, 
serving as a member of the Committee on 
Claims. Re-elected to the Thirty-seventh 
Congress, serving as Chairman of the 
Committee on Manufactures. He was 
also a Delegate to the Philadelphia " Loy- 
alists' Convention" of 18G6. 

Mutchins, Wells A. — Was born in 

Hartf(jrd, Trumbull County, Ohio, October 
8, 1818 ; received a common-school educa- 
tion; tauglit school for several years in 
Ohio aud Indiana; studied law, and came 
to tlie bar in his twenty-third year; was 
elected to the Ohio Legislature in 1851; 
in 18G2 he was appointed one of the six 
Provost-Marshals for Ohio; and in 18G2 
he was elected a Representative, from 
Ohio, to the Thirty-eighth Congress, serv- 
ing on the Committee on Commerce. 

Hutson, Richard.— E.Q graduated at 
Princeton College in 1865; was a Dele- 
gate, from South Carolina, to the Conti- 
nental Congress, from 1778 to 1779, aud 
was one of the signers of the Articles of 
Confederation. 

Suyler, J'ohn. — He was born in New 
York, and,liaving become a citizen of New 
Jersey, was elected a Representative to 
the Thirty-flfth Congress, from that State, 
and was a member of the Committee on 
Agriculture. 

Hyneman, tTohn M, — He was a 

Representative in Congress, from Penn- 
sylvania, from 1811 to 1813, when he re- 
signed, and D. Udree was elected in his 
place. He was a member of the Legisla- 
ture of Penns3'lvania in 1809. In 1810, 
was commissioned Clerk of the Orphans' 
Court of Berks Countj'-, aud remained in 
that office for six years. In 1814, was 
commissioned County Surveyor, aud re- 
mained in that office for ten years. 

Ihrle, Peter. — He was a native of 
Pennsylvania, aud was a Representative 



in Congress, from that State, from 1829 to 
1833. 

Hsley, Daniel.— Born in Falmouth, 
Massachusetts, in 1740; was a distiller by 
occupation ; served three years in the 
State Legislature; was a Representative 
in Congress, from Massachusetts, from 
1807 to 1809. Died in 1813. 

Imlay, <Ja^nes 2f. — He graduated 
at Princeton College in 1786; was, for a 
time tutor in that institution ; and was a 
Representative in Congress, from New 
Jersey, from 1797 to 1801. 

Inge, Samuel W.—lle was born in 
North Carolina, and, on removing to Ala- 
bama, was elected a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1847 to 
1851. Subsequently removed to Califor- 
nia and practised law. 

Inge, William M. — Ue was bora 
in Tennessee, and was a Representative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1833 
to 1835. 

Ingersoll, Charles tT. — Born iu 
Philadelphia, October 3, 1782; received a 
liberal education; was a Representative 
iu Congress, from Pennsylvania, Irom 1813 
to 1815, when he was appointed United 
States District Attorney for Pennsvlva- 
nia, which he held uutil 1829. In 18i37 he 
was appointed Secretary of Legation to 
Prussia. He was afterwards re-elected a 
Representative in Congress, from 1841 to 
1847, serving as Chairman of the Com- 
mittee on Foreign Affairs. He publislied 
a " History of the Second American War 
with Great Britain," and several other 
works of minor importance, including 
some poetry. He also served as a mem- 
ber of various Internal Improvement Con- 
ventions ; and in 1847 was appointed by 
President Polk Minister to France, but 
was rejected by the Senate. Died in Phil- 
adelphia, May 14, 1862. Was brother of 
Joseph R. Ingersoll. 

Ingersoll, Colin M.—B.G was born 
in Connecticut in 1820; received a liberal 
education, and adopted the profession of 
law; was Secretary of Legation ai St. 
Petersburg, by appointment of President 
Polk; and was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from Connecticut, from 1851 to 
1855. 

Ingersoll, Ebon C— Born in Oneida 
County, New York, December 12, 1831; 
removed with his father to Illinois in 1843 ; 
finished his education at Paducah, Ken- 
tucky; studied law, and came to the bar 
in 1854 ; in 1856 he was elected to the Illi- 
nois Legislature; and in 1864 he was 
elected a Representative, from Illinois, to 
the Thirty-eighth Congress, for the unex- 
pired term of Owen Lovejoy; re-elected 



204 



BIOQBAPHICAL BECOBDS. 



to the Thirty-ninth Congress, serving as 
Chairman of the Committee on the Dis- 
trict of Columbia. Also re-elected to the 
Fortieth Congress, continuing at the head 
of his old committee. 

TngersoU, dared, — He was born in 
1749; graduated at Yale College in 1766; 
attained high rank as a lawyer; was a 
Delegate from Pennsylvania to the Conti- 
nental Congress, in 1780 and 1781 ; Mem- 
ber of the Convention which framed the 
Federal Constitution, and signed that in- 
strument ; was for many years Attorney- 
General for Pennsylvania; and Judge of 
the District Court of the tFnited States at 
the time of his death, which occurred in 
1822. In 1812 he was the Federal candi- 
date for the office of Vice-President ; and 
he received from Yale College the degree 
ofLL.D. 

Ingersoll, Joseph JR. — Born in 
Philadelphia, June 14, 1786 ; graduated at 
Princeton College in 1804; a lawyer by 
profession, and was a Kepresentative in 
Congi-ess from Pennsylvania, from 1835 to 
1837; and from 1842 to 1849, and for a 
time Chairman of the Judiciary Commit- 
tee. He was appointed by President Fill- 
more, in 1852, Minister to England. The 
titles of LL.D. and D.C.L. Oxon., were 
conferred upon him. Died in Philadel- 
phia, February 20, 1868. 

Ingersoll, Ralph J".— He was born 
in New Haven, Connecticut; graduated at 
Yale College in 1808; served in the Legis- 
lature of Connecticut; was a Representa- 
tive in Congress, from that State, from 
1825 to 1833, and was appointed by Presi- 
dent Polk, Minister Plenipotentiary to 
Eussia. 

Ingham, Samuel.— He was born in 

Hebron, Couiiecticut, September 5, 1793; 
received a good English education in 
Vermont, and studied law in Connecticut, 
having been admitted to the bar in 1815, 
and in 1817 he settled at Saybrook, which 
has since been his home. From 1827 to 
1835 he was State's Attorney for the Coun- 
ty of Middlesex, and again in 1843 and 
1844; he was a Judge of Probate from 
1829 to 1833; Judge of the Middlesex 
County Court from 1849 to 1853 ; and was 
a Representative, in Congress, from Con- 
necticut, from 1835 to 1839, having offici- 
ated as (Chairman of the Committee on 
Naval Affairs, and as a member of the 
Committee on Commerce. He also served 
a number of years in the Senate and House 
of Representatives of Connecticut, three 
years as Speaker, and was one year Clerk 
of the House ; he was appointed in 1837, 
by the State, as agent to prosecute certain 
claims against the United States, and was 
successful; and in 1857 he was appointed, 
by President Buchanan, Commissioner of 
Customs. In 1854 he was a candidate for 



the office of United States Senator, and 
received the entire vote of liis party in 
the Legislature, but Senator Foster was 
elected. 

Ingham, Samuel D.— He was born 
in Pennsylvania, September 16, 1773; re- 
ceived a good education ; had the man- 
agement for some years of a paper-mill in 
Eastern New Jersey; served three years 
in the Pennsylvania Legislature; held for 
a time the office of Prothonotary to one of 
the Courts of that State ; and was a Rep- 
resentative iu Congress, from Pennsylva- 
nia, from 1813 to 1818, and from 1822 to 
1829, serving as Chairman of several 
Committees, when he was appointed by 
President Jackson, Secretary of the Treas- 
ury. Died at Trenton, New Jersey, June 
5, 1860. 

Iredell, J'aines. — Born in Chowan 
County, North Carolina, in 1788, and grad- 
uated at Princeton College in 1806. He 
was for several years in the Legislature of 
that State, part of the time Speaker of 
the House; in 1812 commanded a compa- 
ny of volunteers, who went to Noi'folk to 
repel the Britisli; in 1819 he was appoint- 
ed Judge of the Superior Court; in 1827 
was elected Governor of North Carolina; 
and was a Senator in Congress, from 1828 
to 1831. Toward the close of his life he 
was a Reporter of the Decisions of the 
Supreme Court, and died at Edenton, 
April 13, 1853. 

Irvin, Alexander, — He was born 
in Pennsylvania, and was a Representa- 
tive in Congress, from that State, from 
1847 to 1849. 

Irvin, tlames, — He was born iu 
Pennsylvania, and was a Representative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1841 to 
1845. 

Irvin, William W. — He was a mem- 
ber of the State Legislature of Ohio, and 
Judge of the Supreme Court of the State, 
and a Representative in Congress, from 
Ohio, from 1829 to 1883. He died at Lan- 
caster, Ohio, April, 1842. 

Irvine, William, — Born in Ireland; 
educated for the medical profession; 
served as Surgeon on board of a British 
ship, in the war which began in 1754. and 
after the peace of 1763, settled at Carlisle, 
Pennsylvania. In 1774 he was a member 
of the "State Convention;" in 1776 he 
served in Canada, and accompanied Colo- 
nel Thompson from Sorelle to dislodge 
the enemy from Trois Rivieres ; but was 
taken prisoner, June 16, and remained as 
such at Quebec until exchanged in 1778. 
On his release he was promoted to the 
command of the Second Pennsylvania 
Regiment, and in 1781 the defence of the 
north-western frontier was intrusted to 



BIOaBAPHICAL BECOBDS. 



205 



him, and he attained the rank of Major- 
Geueral. He was a Presidential Elector 
in 1797; was a Representative in Con- 
gress, after the war, from 171)3 to 1795. 
He was a Commissioner during the Wliis- 
key Insurrection of 1794, and removed 
shortly after Lo Philadelphia, and was ap- 
pointed Superintendent of Military Stores. 
He died July 30, 180 J:, aged sixty-three 
years. He was also a Delegate from Penn- 
sylvania to the Contmeutal Congress, 
fi-orn 1786 to 1788. 

Irvine, Williain.—'Se was elected 
a Representative, from New York, to the 
Thirty-sixth Congress, serving as a mem- 
ber of the Committee on the Militia. 

Irving, William.— He was born in 
the City of New York, August IG, 17G6; 
from 17S7to 1791 was an Indian trader on 
the Mohawk; was subsequently a mer- 
chant in New York City, and a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from 1813 to 1819, and 
a member of the Committee on Com- 
merce and Manufactures. He was a broth- 
er of Washington Irving, for whose 
" Salmagundi" he wrote several poems 
and essays. He was distinguished for his 
colloquial powers, and was a popular as 
well as an influential member of Congress, 
but he resigned before the expiration of 
his term, on account of his health. He 
died November 9, 1821. 

Irivin, Jared.—'He was a member of 
the Convention which adopted the Consti- 
tution of 1789; was Governor of Georgia, 
from 179G to 1798, and also from 180G to 
1809. He removed to Pennsylvania, and 
was a Representative in Congress, from 
that State, from 1813 to 1817, and died 
March 1, 1818, aged sixty-eight years. 

Irwin, Thomas.— B.e was born in 
Pennsylvania, and was a Representative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1829 to 
1831, and was in the latter year appointed, 
by President Jackson, United States Judge 
of the Western District of Pennsylv^ania. 

Irwin, William W. — He was a 

member of Congress, from Pennsvlvania, 
from 1841 to 1843; and from 1843 to 1847 
he was Charge d'Aflaires of the United 
States to Denmark. He died in Pitts- 
burg, September 15, 1856. 

IsacTcs, Jacob C. — He was born in 

Montgomery County, Pennsylvania, and 
was a Representative in Congress, from 
Tennessee, from 1823 to 1833. 

Iverson, Alfred.— ^om in Burke 
County, Georgia, December 3, 1798 ; grad- 
uated at Princeton College in 1820; a law- 
3''cr b}' profession ; served three j-ears as a 
member of the House of Eepresentatives 
and one year as Senator in the Legislature 
of Georgia. Twice elected Judge of the 



Supreme Court of that State for term^s of 
three and four years ; was one of the Elect- 
ors ac large in the Presidential election 
of 1844; elected a Representative to the 
Tliirtieth Congress, and served two years. 
In 1854 he was elected to the United States 
Senate for six years, from March 4, 1855, 
and for a long time acted as Chairman of 
the Committee on Claims, and as a mem- 
ber of the Committees on Military Afi"airs 
and the Pacific Railroad. Withdrew in 
February, 1861, and joined the great Re- 
bellion. 

Ives, Willard. — He was born in 
Watertown, New York, July 7, 1808; re- 
ceived a good English education; is a 
farmer by occupation ; and was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from New York, 
from 1851 to 1853. In 1846 he was elected 
by the Methodist Episcopal Church a Del- 
egate to the " Christian World's Conven- 
tion," whicli was held in London. 

Izard, Malph. — A Senator of the 
United States from South Carolina, from 
1789 to 1795; President of the Senate ;)?'o 
tem. during the flrst session of the Third 
Congress ; and a distinguished and elo- 
quent statesman. In the judgment of 
Washington, no man was more honest in 
public life. He died at South Bay, May 30, 
1804, aged sixty-six years. 

Jacli, William. — He was born in 
Pennsylvania, and was a Representative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1841 to 
1843. 

Jaclison, Andrew.— Born at War- 
saw Settlement, North Carolina, March 15, 
1767. When fourteen years of age he left; 
the Academy where he had been placed 
and entered the Revolutionary army, and 
at the age of twenty-one established him- 
self as a lawyer in Western Nor!;h' Caro- 
lina. When that part of the country 
became a Territory, in 1790, President 
Washington appointed him Attorney of 
the United States for the new district. 
When said Territory was formed into the 
State of Tennessee, he was a member of 
the Convention Avhich drew up the new 
Constitution, and he was immediately 
chosen a Representative in Congress, 
serving one term, when he was transferred 
to the United States Senate, where he con- 
tinued until 1798. His next public posi- 
tion was that of Judge of the Supreme 
Court; and having been chosen Major- 
General of one of the divisions of tlie Ten- 
nessee Militia, he retained the oflice until 
1814, when he went into the regular army 
with the same rank. He was assigned to 
the command of the army at New Or- 
leans, -and January 8, 1815, obtained his 
famous victory over the British. In 1817- 
'18 he conducted the Seminole war in 
Florida, and soon after retired from tl\e 
army. In 1823 he was again elected a 



20G 



BIOaHAPIIICAL BECORDS. 



Senator in Congress, and remained there 
two years. He was elected President in 
1828, and re-elected in 1832. The events 
which marked his administration were the 
difficulties with France, the suppression 
of the Nullification movement in Soutli 
Carolina, the Indian war in Florida, and 
the removal of the deposits from the Uni- 
ted States Bank. He retired to private 
life in 1836, and in tlie peaceful shades of 
tlie Hermitage, in Tennessee, he died, 
June 8, 1845. That he was a remarkable 
man is the undisputed verdict of his coun- 
trymen throughout the Union. 

Jackson, David.— He was a Dele- 
gate, from Pennsylvania,to the Continental 
Congress, from 1785 to 1786. 

tfacJcson, David S. — He was born in 
New York, and was a Representative in 
Congress from that State, from 1847 to 
1848. 

tTacTcson, Jr., Ebenezer.—He was 
born in Connecticut, and was a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from that State, to fill 
an unexpired term, from 1834 to 1835. 

Jackson, Edward S.— He was born 
in Harrison County, Virginia, and was a 
Representative in Congress, from that 
State, from 1820 to 1823, his first term 
having been in continuation of that filled 
by James Ringale, resigned. Died Sep- 
tember 8, 1826. 

Jackson, Jabez. — He was born in 
Georgia, and was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from that State, from 1836 to 1839. 

JacksoUf Jatnes. — Born in Devon, 
England, in 1757, and came to this coun- 
tryin 1772. Early in the American Revo- 
lution he joined the army; in 1778 was 
made Brigade-Major; and in 1781 com- 
manded the Legionary Corps of the State 
of Georgia. When the British evacuated 
Savannah, July 12, 1782, he received the 
keys. For his various services, the As- 
sembly of the State presented him witli a 
house and lot in Savannah. On the return 
of peace he engaged with success in the 
practice of law; in 1780 he fought a duel 
■with Lieutenant Governor Wells, whom 
he slew, but was wounded himself in both 
knees ; and he was a member of the Con- 
vention which formed the first Constitu- 
tion of Georgia. He was cliosen a Rep- 
resentative in Congress in 1789, from 
Georgia, and after the close of his first 
term he successfully contested the seat of 
Anthony Wayne; and in 1793 he was 
chosen a Senator, which office he resigned 
in 1795. He was one of those who voted 
for locating the Seat of Government on 
the Potomac. He was Major-General of 
the Georgia Militia, and Governor of the 
State from 1798 till his election as Senator 



in 1801. He died March 18, 1806, aged 
forty -eight years. 

Jackson, Jatnes.—He was born in 
Jefi"erson County, Georgia, in 1819 ; grad- 
uated at the University of Georgia, in 
1837 ; and, liaving studied law, commenced 
the practice in 1840. In 1842 he was elect- 
ed Secretary of the Senate of Georgia, 
holding the office one year; in 1845 he was 
elected to the State Legislature, and re- 
elected to the same position in 1847 ; in 
1849 he was chosen by the Legislature 
Judge of the Western Circuit of his State, 
and was elected to the same office by the 
people in 1853, and again in 1857. In June, 
of tliat year he was nominated for Con- 
gress, resigned his judgship, and in Octo- 
ber following was elected a Representative 
to the Thirty-fifth Congress, and was a 
member of the Committee on Claims, and 
Revolutionaiy Claims. Re-elected to the 
Thirty-sixth Congress. Resigned in Feb- 
ruarjs 1861, and returned to Georgia. 

Jackson, Jaines S. — He was born 
in Madison County, Kentuckj^, and adopted 
tlie profession of law; he served in the 
Mexican war as a Captain of Volunteers. 
In 1861 he was elected a Representative 
from Kentucky to the Thirty-seventh Con- 
gress ; but, while the Rebellion was pro- 
gressing, he recruited a Regiment of 
Kentucky Cavalry ; was subsequently ap- 
pointed a Brigadier-General, and was 
killed at the battle of Perryville, in 1862, 
bravely flgliting in the service of his coun- 
try. 

Jackson, John G. — He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Virginia, from 
1795 to 1797, from 1799 to ISlOj'and again 
from 1813 to 1817. 

Jackson, Jonathan. — He was born 
in Boston, in 1743; graduated at Harvard 
College in 1761 ; was a Delegate to the 
Continental Congress in 1782; United 
States Marshal from 1789 to 1791; Treas- 
urer of Massachusetts from 1802 to 1806; 
and he was Treasurer of Harvard College 
from 1807 until his death, which occurred 
in 1810. 

Jackson, Joseph TF.— He was fre- 
quently a member of the City Council of 
Savannah; at one time Mayor of the city; 
served a number of years in the State 
Legislature ; and was a Representative in 
Congress, from Georgia, from 1850 to 
1853. Died at Savannah, December 28, 
1854. 

Jackson, Jr., Hichard. —Born in 
1764, and died at Providence, April 18, . 
1838. He was amember of Congress from 
Rhode Island, from 1808 to 1815. In early 
life he was engaged in mercantile busi- 
ness, and was among the firso in this coun- 
try who embarked in the manufacture of 



BIOGRAPHICAL BECOBDS. 



207 



cotton. He filled several important public 
offices, and was distinguished for liis be- 
nevolence. 

Jaclcson, TJioinas B.—Tle was born 
in New York, and Ava.s a Representative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1837 to 
18il ; and was also for three years a mem- 
ber of the Assembly of New York. 

tTacJcson, WUUam. — He was born in 

Massat:hasetts, September 6, 1783; was 
one of the pioneers of railroad enterprise 
in Massacluisetts, and from 1834 to 1837, 
and 1841 to 1843, was a Representative in 
Conu:ress from that State. He was also a 
member of the State Legislature from 
182'J to 1832, and at the time of his death 
President of the Newton Bank. He died 
at Newton, Massachusetts, February 27, 
1855. 

tTacJcson W. T. — Born in Chester, 
Orange County, New York, December 29, 
1794 ; received a common-school education, 
and has been chiefly employed in mercan- 
tile business. He was justice of the 
Peace several yeai's in Havana, New York, 
and held the office of County Judge four 
years. In 1848 he was elected a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, and served one 
term. 

Jacobs, Israel. — He was born in 
Germany, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from Pennsylvania, from 1791 
to 1793. 

JTames, Charles T. — "Was born in 
"West Greenwich, Rhode Island, in 1806; 
received a limited education; early turned 
his attention to mechanics as connected 
with the cotton interest; wrote a series 
of papers on the culture and manufacture 
of cotton in the South; received the de- 
gree of M.A. from Brown University in 
1838 ; and he was a Senator in Congress, 
from 1851 to 1857, from Rhode Island. He 
subsequently invented a rifled cannon, and 
met his death from the explosion of a 
shell of his own invention, while trying 
experiments at Sag Harbor, New York, 
October 17, 1862. 

James, Francis. — He was a native 
of Pennsylvania, and a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1839 to 
1843': 

Jameson, John. — He was bom in 

Kentucky, and was a Representative in 
Con:>ress, from Missouri, from 1830 to 
1831, and again from 1843 to 1845, and for 
another term from 1847 to 1849. 

Janes, Henry F.—T1q was born at 
Brimfleld, Hampden County, Massachu- 
setts, in October, 1792; studied law in 
Montpelier, Vermont, and was admitted 
to the bar in Washington County in 1817, 



and commenced to practise at "Waterbury 
in that year. From 1820 to 1830 he was 
Postmaster at Waterbury ; he was a mem- 
ber of the Legislative Council from 1830 
to 1834, and was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from "\^ermont, from 1834 to 1837. 
He was State Treasurer from 1838 to 1841 ; 
a member of the Council of Censors in 
1848 ; and a member of the Legislature, 
from Waterbury, in 1855 ; since which 
time he has practised his profession. 

Jarnagin, Spencer. — Born in 

Granger County, Tennessee; graduated 
at Greenville College in 1813; studied law, 
and was admitted to the bar in 1817; and 
was United States Senator, from Tennes- 
see, from 1841 to 1847. He died in Mem- 
phis, Tennessee, June 24, 1851. 

Jarvis, Ziconard. — He was born in 
1782 ; graduated at Harvard University in 
1800; and died in Surry, Maine. September 
18, 1854. He was Sherifl' of Hancock 
County, from 1821 to 1829; Collector of 
Customs for the Penobscot District from 
1829 to 1831 ; and a Representative in 
Congress, from Maine, from 1831 to 1837, 
serving as Chairman of the Committee on 
Naval Aflairs. From 1838 to 1841 he held 
the office of Navy Agent for the port of 
Boston. 

Jay, John. — "Was born in New York, 
December 12, 1745; graduated at King's 
College in 1764 ; studied law and came to 
the bar in 1768 ; and was a Delegate to 
the Continental Congress from 1774 to 
1777, and from 1778 to 1779. In 1776 he 
was recalled from Congress to aid in 
forming the Government of New Y'ork, 
and for that reasDu he was not present to 
sign the Declaration of Independence. 
From 1777 to 1779 he was Chief Justice 
of the State, but resigned to till the post 
of President of Congress ; in 1779 he was 
appointed Minister to Spain ; was a Com- 
missioner to negotiate peace with Eng- 
land; signed the definitive treaty at Paris 
in 1783 ; and was appointed by Congress 
Secretary of State. Though not a mem- 
ber, he aided at the Convention which 
formed the Federal Constitution ; he also 
assisted Hamilton and Madison in editing 
the " Federalist;" and in 1789 he was ap- 
pointed by Washington Chief Justice of 
the Supreme Court, which he resigned in 
1794 to accept the mission to England, 
when he negotiated the treaty which bears 
his name. He was Governor of New 
York from 1795 to 1801, after which he 
retired to private life. Died in 1829. 

Jayne, William.— Born in Spring- 
field, Illinois, October 8, 1826; adopted 
the profession of medicine, and practised 
eleven years in Springfield; in 1859 was 
elected Mayor of that city ; was elected 
to the State Senate in 1860 and 1861; 
during the latter year was appointed Gov- 



208 



BIOaBAPIIICAL liECOBDS. 



ernor of Dacotali Territory; and in 1862 
he was elected a Delegate from Dacotah to 
the Tliirty-eighth Congress. After occu- 
pying his seat for some time, he was 
superseded by J. B. S. Todd. 

Jefferson, Thotnas.—^e was born 
at Shadwell, Virginia, in 1743. His edu- 
cation was principally conducted by pri- 
vate tutors, although he passed two years 
at the College of William and Mary. He 
adopted the law as his profession ; was a 
member of the Legislature of Virginia 
from 1769 to the commencement of the 
American Revolution. In 1775 he was a 
Delegate in Congress; and on May 15, 
177G. the Convention of Virginia instruct- 
ed their delegates to propose a Declaration 
of Independence. In June, Mr. Lee ac- 
cordingly made the motion, and it was 
voted that a committee be appointed to 
prepare one. The committee was elected 
by ballot, and consisted of Thomas Jeffei*- 
son, John Adams, Benjamin Franklin, 
Roger Sherman, and Robert R. Livingston. 
The Declaration was exclusively the work 
of Jefferson, to whom the right of draught- 
ing it belonged, as Chairman of the Com- 
mittee, though alterations and amendments 
were made in it by Adams, Franklin, and 
other members of the Committee, and 
afterwards by Congress. Jefferson retired 
from Congress September, 1776, and took 
a seat in the Legislature of his State in 
October. In 1779 he was chosen Govern- 
or, and held the office two years. He 
declined a foreign appointment in 1776, 
and again in 1781. He accepted the ap- 
pointment of one of the Commissioners 
for negotiating peace ; but before he sailed, 
news was received of the signing of the 
provisional treaty, and lie was excused 
from proceeding on the mission. He re- 
turned to Congress. In 1784 he wrote 
notes on the establishment of a money- 
unit, and of a coinage for the United 
States ; in May of that year he was ap- 
pointed, with Adams and Franklin, a Min- 
ister Plenipotentiary to negotiate treaties 
of commerce with foreign nations. In 
1785 he was Minister to the French Court. 
In 1789 he returned to America, and re- 
ceived from Washington the appointment 
of Secretary of State, which he held till 
December, 1793, and then resigned. In 
September, 1794, when an appointment 
was offered him by Washington, he re- 
plied, "No circumstance will ever more 
tempt me to engage in anything public." 
Notwithstanding this determination, he 
suffered himself to be a candidate for 
President, and was chosen Vice-President 
in 1796. At the election in 1801 he and 
Aaron Burr having an equal number of 
electoral votes for President, the House 
of Representatives, after a severe strug- 
gle, finally determined in his favor. He 
was re-elected in 1805. At the end of his 
second term he retired from office. He 
died July 4, 1826, at one o'clock in the 



afternoon, just fifty years from the date 
of the Declaration of Independence. Prep- 
arations had been made throughout the 
United States to celebrate this day as a 
jubilee; and it is a most remarkable fact, 
that on the same day John Adains, a sign- 
er with Jefferson of the Declaration, and 
the second on the Committee for draught- 
ing it, and his immediate predecessor in 
the otiice of President, also died. Jeffer- 
son's publications were : " Summary View 
of the Rights of British America," 1774; 
"Declaration of Independence," 1776; 
" Notes on Virginia," 1781 ; " Manual of 
Parliamentary Practice, for tlie Use of the 
Senate;" "Life of Captain Lewis," 1814; 
and some papers of a philosopliical char- 
acter. His works, chiefly letters, were 
first published by his grandson, Thomas 
Jefferson Randolph, in 1829, and a com- 
plete edition, b}'' order of Congress, in 
nine volumes, in 1853. 

Jenches, Thomas A.— He was bcni 
in Providence, Rhode Island, in 1818; 
graduated at Brown University in 1838; 
studied law and practised the profession 
until elected, in 1863, a Representative, 
from Rhode Island, to the Thirty-eighth 
Congress, serving as Chairman of the 
Committee on Patents, and the Special 
Committee on the Bankrupt Law, having 
drawn up the bill on that subject. Re- 
elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress; 
serving on the Committee on Retrench- 
ment, the Death of President Lincoln, and 
as Chairman of the Committee on Patents, 
and also Chairman of a Special Committee 
on the Civil Service. He was a Delegate 
to the Philadelphia " Loyalists' Conven- 
tion" of 1866; and was re-elected to the 
Fortieth Congress, serving on the Com- 
mittees on Retrenchment and Revision of 
Laws. 

Jenifer, Daniel, of St. Tho^nas, 

— He was a Delegate from Maryland to 
the Continental Congress from 1778 to 
1782, and was also a member of the Con- 
vention which formed the Federal Consti- 
tution, and signed that instrument. His 
son, bearing the same name, was a mem- 
ber of the Federal Congress. 

Jenifer, Daniel. — Was frequently a 
member of the State Legislature of Mary- 
land, and represented that State in Con- 
gress, from 1831 to 1833, and from 1835 to 
1841. During the administrations of 
Presidents Harrison and Tyler he was the 
United States Minister to Austria. He 
died December 18, 1855, near Port Tobac- 
co, Maryland. 

Jenkins, Albert G. — Was born in 
Cabell County, Virginia, November 10, 
1830; graduated at Jefferson College, 
Pennsylvania, and in law at Cambridge, 
in 1850; never practised law, but has been 
devoted to agricultural pursuits; was a 



BIOGRAPHICAL BECOBDS 



209 



member of tlie Cincinnati " National Con- 
vention" in 185G; and was elected a Rep- 
resentative, from Virginia, to tiie Thirty- 
fifth Congress, servinj^ as a member of the 
Committee on the Militia; and also to the 
Thirty-sixth Con<i:ress, serving on the 
same committee. He subsequently served 
as a Brigadier-General in the Rebel ser- 
vice, and was liilled at the Battle of the 
Svilderuess. 

JenMns, Lemuel, — He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from New York, 
from 1823 to 1825. 

tTenkins, Mohert. — He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Peuusylvania, 
from 1807 to 1811. 

Jenkins, Timothy. — Born in Barre, 

Worcestei' County, Massachusetts, Janu- 
ary 29, 1799 ; received an academic educa- 
tion; studied law, and was admitted to 
the bar in 1824, practising his profession 
in Oneida County, New York ; he was Dis- 
trict Attorney for that county six years, 
and resigned the office on being elected a 
Representative in the Twenty-ninth Con- 
gress, and was re-elected to the Thirtieth 
and Thirty-second. Died at Martinsburg, 
New York, December 24, 1859. 

Jenhs, Michael jff.— He was born 
in Fenusylvania, and was a Representative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1843 to 
1845. 

tfenness, Benning TF.— He was 
Judge of Probate in Strafford County, 
New Hampshire, from 1841 to 1845, and a 
Senator in Congress from New Hampshire 
during the years 1845 and 1846. 

tTennings, David. — He was born in 
Hunterdon County, New Jersey, and was 
a Representative in Congress, from Ohio, 
from 1825 to 1826. 

J'ennings, Jonathan. — He was 

born in Hunterdon County, New Jersey, 
and was the first Governor in Indiana, 
and twice elected a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1809 to 
1816, and from 1822 to 1831. In 1818 he 
was appointed, by President Monroe, 
Indian Commissioner. He died near 
Charlestown, Clarke County, Indiana, 
July 26, 1834. 

Jeivett, Freeborn G. — He was born 
in New York; was a member of the As- 
sembly of that State in 1820 and 1827; 
and a Representative in Congress, from 
the same, from 1831 to 1833. From 1S46 
to 1850 he was a Judge of the Supreme 
Court of New York; and died February 
23, 1858, aged sixty-eight years. 

Jewett, Joshua S. — He was born at 
Deer Creek, Harford County, Maryland, 
14 



September 13, 1812, and, having adopted 
the profession of law, removed to Ken- 
tucky, and was elected a Representative, 
from that State, to the Thirty-fourLli and 
Thirty-fifth Congresses. He was Cliair- 
man of the Committee on Invalid Pen- 
sions. 

Jewett, Luther. — He was born in 
Vermont; graduated at Dartmouth Col- 
lege in 1795 ; was both a clergyman and a 
physician ; for fifteen years a member of 
the Vermont Legislature; and was a 
Representative in Congress, from Ver- 
mont, from 1815 to 1817. Died in 1860, 
aged eighty-seven years. 

Johns, K.ensey. — "Was born in Dela- 
ware, December lU, 1791; graduated at 
Princeton College in 1810; studied law, 
and was admitted to practice in 1813; was 
a Representative in Congress, from Dela- 
ware, from 1827 to 1831 ; in 1832 he was 
appointed Chancellor of the State of Dela- 
ware, in which capacity he was still serv- 
ing at the the time of his deatli, which 
occurred at New Castle, March 28, 1857. 
A person bearing this name was appointed 
to the Senate in 1794 from Delaware, but 
he was not admitted. He was the father 
of the above. 

Johnson, Andrew. — He was born 

in Raleigh, North Carolina, December 29, 
1808 ; when ten years of age lie was ap- 
prenticed to a tailor, and worked at that 
business, in his native town, until his sev- 
enteenth year; he never attended school, 
but acquired a good English education 
by studying alone. Having removed to 
Greenville, Tennessee, he was elected 
Mayor of that place in 1830 ; was elected 
to the State Legislature in 1835; to the 
State Senate in 1841 ; and he was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from Tennessee, 
from 1843 to 1853, serving on various im- 
portant committees. During the latter 
year he was chosen Governor of Tennes- 
see, and re-elected in 1855. He was elected 
a Senator in Congress, in 1857, for the term 
ending in 1803, serving on the Committees 
on Public Lands and the District of Co- 
lumbia. In 1802 he resigned his seat in 
the Senate, and was appointed, by Presi- 
dent Lincoln, Military Governor of Ten- 
nessee. By the "Baltimore Convention" 
of 1864 he was nominated for the office of 
Vice-President of the United States, and 
duly elected. On the death of Abraham 
Lincoln, April 15, 1805, he took the pre- 
scribed oath and entered upon his duties 
as President of the United States. His 
Life and Speeches have been published in 
a variety of editions ; and in 1866 he re- 
ceived from the University of North Caro- 
lina the degree of LL.D. On the 22d of 
February, 1808, the House of Representa- 
tives adopted articles of Impeachment 
against him, founded chiefly upon his 
alleged misconduct under the Tenure-of- 



210 



BIOGBAPIIICAL BECOBDS. 



Office Bill. It was a party vote, as only 
one Republican, S. F. Gary, and one Con- 
servative Republican, T. E. Stewart, voted 
against the measure ; and on being tried 
by the Senate, organized as a High Court 
of Impeachment, the necessary two- thirds 
vote could not be secured, and he was 
acquitted. The Democrats who voted for 
liis acquittal were Senators Bayard, Buck- 
alew, Davis, McCi'eery, HendricJis, John- 
son, Patterson of Tennessee, Saulsbury, 
and Vickers; and those elected to the 
Senate as Republicans, who voted with 
them, were Senators Dixon, Doolittle, 
Eessenden, Fowler, Grimes, Htmderson, 
Norton, Ross, Trumbull, and Van Win- 
kle ; and the Republicans who voted for 
conviction were Senators Anthony, Cam- 
eron, Cattell, Chandler, Cole, Conkling, 
Conness, Corbett, Cragin, Drake, Ed- 
munds, Ferry, Frelinghuysen, Harlan, 
Howard, Howe, Morgan, Morrill of Ver- 
mont, Morrill of Maine, Morton, Nye, 
Patterson of New Hampshire, Pomeroy, 
Ramsey, Sherman, Sprague, Stewart, 
Sumner, Thayer, Tipton, Willey, AVil- 
liams. Wilson, Yates, and Wade, the 
Presitlent of the Senate pro tern. 

JoUnson, Cave. — He was born in 

Robertson County, Tennessee, January 
11, 1793; received a liberal education, and 
adopted the profession of law; was a Cir- 
cuit Judge for a few years ; and he was a 
Representative in Congress, from Ten- 
nessee, from 1829 to 1837, and again from 
1839 to 1845, after which he went into the 
cabinet of President Polk, as Postmaster- 
General. He also held for many years the 
position of President of the Bank of Ten- 
nessee, which he resigned in 1859. Died 
in Clarksville Tennessee, November 23, 
1866. 

J'ohnson, Francis.— Rq was born in 
Caroline County, Virginia, and was a 
Representative in Congress, from Ken- 
tucky, from 1821 to 1827. 

Johnson, Harvey S. — He was born 

in Vermont, and, having removed to Ohio, 
was elected a Representative in Congress, 
from that State, from 1853 to 1855. 

Johnson, Henry. — Born in Tennes- 
see, September 14, 1783; studied law in 
Louisiana; was Clerk of the second Su- 
perior Court of Orleans Territory in 1809 ; 
Judge of the Parish Court of St. Mary, 
May 1, 1811; member of the "Constitu- 
tional Convention" of Louisiana in 1812, 
ran for Congress in 1812, but was de- 
feated ; elected a Senator in Congress in 
1818 for the unexpired term of W. C. C. 
Claiborne, deceased ; and sat there until 
1824, in which year he was elected Gover- 
nor of Louisiana; and in 1826 was re- 
elected, holding that office for four con- 
secutive years. In 1829 he was defeated 
for the TJnited States Senate, by Edward 



Livingston. Was a Representative from , 
Louisiana in the Twenty-fourth and 
Twenty-fifth Congresses. In 1842 was a 
candidate for Governor, but was defeated !i 
by Alexander Mouton. In 1844 he was 
elected to till the vacancy in the United 
States Senate caused i^y the death of A. 
Porter, under which election he sat in the 
Senate until March, 1849. He was the 
head of the Whig party in Louisiana. Ho 
died July 31, 1861, commanding the high- 
est respect alike of those who had ad- 
hered to, and of those w-ho had opposed 
him, as a political leader. 

Johnson, Serschell F.— Born in 
Burke County, Georgia, September 18, 
1812. He graduated at the Universifcy of 
Georgia in 1834, and adopted the profes- 
sion of law. He was a Presidential 
Elector in 1844; in 1848 was appointed to 
fill a vacancy in the United States Sen- 
ate; and in 1849 he was elected a Judge 
of the Superior Court. In 1860 he was a 
candidate for the office of Vice-President 
on the ticket with S. A. Douglas, but was 
defeated ; and subsequently served in the 
Confederate Senate. He was a Delegate 
to the Philadelphia " National Union Con- 
vention " of 1866. 

Johnson, James;— He was born in 
Virginia, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from Virginia, from 1813 to 
1820, when he resigned and was appointed 
Collector of Norfolk and Portsmouth, 
A''irginia. He also served in the State 
Legislature. Died at Norfolk, December 
7, 1825. 

Johnson, Jaines.-TIe was born in . 

Orange County, Virginia; served as Lieu- 
tenant-Colonel under Colonel R. M. John- 
son, at the battle of the Thames ; and was 
a Representative in Congress from Ken- 
tucky during the years 1825 and 1826, his 
deatii having been announced in the 
House in December, 1826. 

Johnson, James.— He was a native 
of Georgia, and a Representative in Con- 
gress, from that State, from 1851 to 1853; 
and in 1S65 he was appointed, by Presi- 
dent Johnson, Provisional Governor of 
Georgia. 

Johnson, J'aines .4.— Born in Spar- 
tanburg, South Carolina, May 16, 1829; 
received a common-school education; 
studied medicine and law; removed to 
California and was elected to the State 
Legislatui'e in 1859; and was elected a 
Representative from California to the 
Fortieth Congress, serving on the Com- 
mittees on Post Office and Post Roads and 
Agriculture. 

Johnson, James JH".— He was bom i 
in New Hampshire, and was a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from that State, from i 



BIOaUAPIIICAL BECOEDS. 



211 



1845 to 1847, serving ou the Coramittee on 
Miiiuifactures. lie was also a State 
Couucillor ill 1842 and iu 1843, aud a 
State Seuator iu 1839. 

Johnson, Jaines L. — He was bom in 

i Keiitucl\y,aiid was a Ilepi-eseutative in Cou- 
j grass, from that State, from 1849 to 1851. 

tTohnson, tTeromus.—He was born 

in King's County, Now Yorlc, aud was a 

Reproseutative in Congress, from New 

i Yorli City, from 1825 to 1829, aud died in 

j Goshen, Orange Coiiuty, New York, Sep- 

I tember 7, 1846. 

I J'oJinson, tTohn. — He was born in the 
County of Tyrone, Ireland, in 1808; re- 
ceived a common-school education, and 
: emigrated to Ohio, in 1824, where he was 
'': devoted to agricultural pursuits. He 
i served as a member of the Ohio Senate ; 
i also, in the last " Constitutional Conveu- 
: tion " of that State ; aud was a Represeut- 
, ative in Congress, from Ohio, from 1851 
j to 1853. 

I tfohnson, tTohn T.— He was born in 
Scott County, Kentucky; was a brother of 
; Richard M. Johnson ; once Judge of the 
i Court of Appeals of Kentucky, aud repre- 
i sented that State in Congress from 1821 to 
; 1825. For thirty years he was a preacher 
j of the Gospel, without a salary. He died 
\ in Lexington, Missouri, December 18, 
I 1857. 

1 J'oJinson, Joseph. — He was born in 
i Orange County, New York, and, on re- 
moving to Virginia, was elected a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from 1823 to 1827. 
from 1835 to 1841, and from 1845 to 1847. 
He was also Governor of Virginia from 
1852 to 1856. 

Johnson, Noadiah. — He served in 
the Legislature of New York; was a mem- 
ber of Congress from 1833 to 1835 ; and 
died at Albany, April 4, 1839. 

Johnson, Perley B.—Rq was born 
in Ohio, and was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from that State, from 1843 to 1845. 

Johnson, Philip. — Was born in 
Warren County, New Jersey, January 17, 
1818 ; and his grandfather was a soldier in 
the Revolutionary war. In 1839 he re- 
moved with his father to Pennsylvania, 
settling in Northampton County; and lie 
was educated at Lafayette College, where 
he spent two j'^ears, after which he spent 
two years teaching school in the South. 
On his return home he studied law, was 
admitted to the bar iu 1848, aud soon af- 
terwards elected Clerk of the Court of 
Sessions aud of the Oyer and Terminer. 
In 1853 and 1854 he was elected to the 
State Assembly. In 1857 he was Chair- 
man of the Democratic " State Conven- 



tion." In 1800 he was the Revenue Com- 
missioner for the Third Judicial District 
of the State, and was elected a Represent- 
ative, from PcnnsUvar.ia, to the Thirty- 
seventli Congress, serving on the Com- 
mittees on Roads and Canals, aud on 
Patents; he was re-elected to the Thirty- 
eighth Congress, aud was a member of 
the Committee on Territories. He was 
also a Delegate to the "Chicago Conven- 
tion "of 1864. Re-elected to the Thirtj^- 
ninth Congress, serving on the Commit- 
tees on the Post Office and Post Roads, 
aud Expenditures on the Public Buildings. 
Died in Washington, January 31, 1867. 

Johnson, Meverdy. — Born in An- 
napolis, Maryland, May 21, 1796 ; was edu- 
cated at St;. John's College, Annapolis; 
studied law with his father; aud, having 
been admitted to the bar, has practised 
his profession without intermission to the 
present time. His first appointment was 
that of State Attorney; in 1817 he re- 
moved to Baltimore (where he has since 
resided), and in 1820 was appointed 
Chief Commissioner of Insolvent Debt- 
ors, which office he held until 1821, when 
he was elected to the S'tate Senate, serv- 
ing five years; was re-elected, and re- 
signed in the second year of that term ; in 
1845 he was chosen a Seuator in Con- 
gress, where he remaiueKi until 1849; 
when he resigned to accept the post of 
Attorney-General of the United States, 
bestowed upon him by President Taylor. 
On his leaving the latter position, he 
turned his whole attention to his profes- 
sion, practising chiefly in the Supreme 
Court of the United States. Mr. Johnson 
has also taken an active part in the prep- 
aration of seven volumes of Reports of 
Decisions in the Court of Appeals of 
Maryland. He was a Delegate to the 
"Peace Congress" of 1861 ; was subsequent- 
ly elected to the House of Delegates, of 
Maryland, by the voters of Baltimore 
County; and in 1862 he was again elected 
a Seuator in Congress, from his native 
State, for the term commencing March, 
1863, and ending in 1809, serving on the 
Library Committee, those on the Judici- 
ary and Foreign Relations, aud also the 
Special Joint Committee on Reconstruc- 
tion. He was one of the Senators desig- 
nated by the Senate to attend the funeral 
of General Scott iu 1866. He was also a 
Delegate to the Philadelphia "National 
Union Convention" of 1806, taking a 
leading part in its proceedings. 

Johnson, Michard M. — He was 

born in Kentucky in 1780, and died at 
Frankfort, November 19, 1850. In 1807 he 
was chosen a Representative in Congress 
from Kentucky, which post he held until 
1813. In 1813 he raised a volunteer regi- 
ment of cavalry of one thousand men to 
fight the British and Indians ou the 
Lakes, and during the campaign that 



212 



BlOaBAPIIICAL BECOBDS. 



followed served with great credit, tinder 
General Harrison, as a Colonel of that 
regiment. He greatly distinguished him- 
self at the battle of the Thames, and the 
chief Tecnmseh is said to have been killed 
by his hand. In 1814 he was appointed 
Indian Commissioner by President Madi- 
son. He was again a Eepresentative in 
Congress from 1813 to 1819. In 1819 he 
went from the House into the United 
States Senate, to All an unexpired term; 
was re-elected, and served as Senator un- 
til 1829. He was re-elected to the House, 
and remained there until 1837, when he 
became Vice-President, and as such pre- 
sided over the Senate. At the time of his 
death he was a member of the Kentucky 
Legislature, and he died from a second 
attack of paralysis. He was a kind-heart- 
ed, courageous, and talented man. 

Johnson, Robert TF.— He was born 
in Kentucky in 1814; and was elected a 
Kepresentative in Congress from Arkan- 
sas in 1847, and served until 1853, when 
he was elected a Senator in Congress, 
serving as Chairman of the Committee on 
Printing, and as a member of the Com- 
mittees on Military Affairs and on Public 
Lands. Withdrew in 1861, and took part 
in the Eebellion. 

Johnson, Thomas. — He was born 
in Maryland ; was a Delegate from Mary- 
land to the Continental Congress from 
1775 to 1777; Governor of the State from 
1777 to 1779; Judge of the Supreme Court 
of the United States from 1791 to 1793, 
when he resigned; and he died October 
26, 1819, aged eighty-seven years. 

Johnson, Waldo P. — He was elect- 
ed a Senator in Congress from Missouri, 
in 1861, for the term ending in 1867, but was 
expelled by the Senate January 10, 1862. 

Johnson, Williain. — He was born 
in Ireland, in 1819; removed to Ohio in 
early life ; received a good education ; 
held a variety of local offices in Richmond 
County, where he long resided; adopted 
the profession of law ; and in 1862 was 
elected a Representative, from Ohio, to the 
Thirty-eighth Congress, serving on the 
Committees on Revolutionary Claims, and 
on Expenditures on the Public Buildings. 
Died at Mansfield, Ohio, May 3, 1866. 

Johnson, WllUam Cosf.—Bovn in 

Frederick County, Maryland, in 1806 ; re- 
ceived an academic education; studied 
law, and was admitted to practice in the 
Supreme Court in 1831 ; and was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from 1833 to 1835, 
and from 1837 to 1843. He served in the 
State Legislature before entering and 
after he left Congress ; was a member of 
the last Convention for revising the Con- 
stitution of Maryland ; and was President 
of the National Convention of Young 



Men, which met in Washington to nom- 
inate Henry Clay for President. When in 
Congress, Mr. Johnson officiated for a 
number of years as Chairman of the Com- 
mittee on Public Lands, and also as a 
member of the Judiciary Committee. Died 
in Washington, April 16, 1860. 

Johnson, William S. — Bom in 

Stratford, Connecticut, October 7, 1727; 
graduated at Yale College in 1744 ; studied 
law at Cambridge, and acquired distinc- 
tion as a pleader and orator. In 1765 he 
was a Delegate to the Congress at New 
York, and in 1766 an agent for the Colony 
to England, where, during a residence of 
four years, he was elected a Tutor of the 
Royal Society. In 1772 he was appointeci 
Judge of the Supreme Court of Connecti- 
cut ; was a member in 1780 of the Council 
of Connecticut ; was again a Delegate to 
the New York Congress in 1785 ; and was 
a member in 1787 of the Convention which 
framed the Constitution of the United 
States. He was a Senator in Congress 
from 1789 to 1791, and from 1792 to'lSOO 
President of Columbia College in New 
York ; after which he I'eturned to his na- 
tive village, where he died, November 14, 
1819. He received from Oxford the de- 
gree of LL.D., and will always be remem- 
bered as one of the great men of this 
country. He was Chairman of the Com- 
mittee appointed to revise the language 
of the Constitution, and the corrections in 
the original copy are in his handwriting. 

Johnston, Charles. — He was born 
in Connecticut, and was a Representative 
in Congress, from New York, from 1839 
to 1841. 

Johnston, Charles. — Born in Chow- 
an County, North Carolina; was a member 
of the State Legislature for many years, 
and a Representative in Congress during 
the years 1801 and 1802, having died 
before the expiration of his term. 

Johnston, Charles C.—A member 
of Congress, from Virginia, from 1831 to 
1832, having died at Washington, June 18 
of the latter year. He was Chairman of 
the Committee on Imprisonment for Debt. 
He was found drowned in the Potomac, 
near Alexandria. 

Johnston, Josiah 8, — He was born 
in Salisbury, Connecticut, November 25, 
1784, but was taken by his father, in 
infancy, to Kentucky. He graduated at 
Transylvania University, -and studied law. 
He removed to Louisiana in 1805, and 
commenced his professional career at 
Alexandria, on the Red River ; and in 1812 
was a leading man in the State Legisla- 
ture; he was next appointed District 
Judge, and represented Louisiana in Con- 
gress from 1821 to 1823 ; and in 1824, lie 
was elected to the United States Senate 



BIOGBArillCAL I2EC0BDS. 



213 



. retaining tliat position nntil his death, 
whicli occurred May 19, 1833, by the ex- 
plosion of gunpowder on board the steam- 
boat Lioness, on Red lUver. 

tTohnston, Samuel. — Governor of 

North Carolina from 1787 to 1780; was 
President of the Convention of that State 
which ratified the Federal Constitution, 
and had been a memb v of Congress from 
1780 to 1782 and in 1789 he was appointed 
a Senator from North Carolina, and served 
until 1793 ; was afterwards a Jiulge of the 
Supreme Court of Law and Equity. He 
was also one of those Avho voted for lo- 
cating the Seat of Government on tiie 
Potomac. He was a native of Edenton, 
and died at Sherwarljey, August 18, 181G, 
aged eighty-three years. 

Jones, Allen. — He was a Delegate 
from North Carolina, to the Continental 
Congress, from 1779 to 1780. 

Jones, Benjamin. — He was born in 
Virginia; and, having removed to Ohio, 
was elected aRepresentaiive inCcmgress, 
from that State, from 1833 to 1837. 

Jones, Daniel T.—TIg was born in 
Connecticut, and, having settled in New 
York, was elected a I'lcpresentutive in 
Congress, from that State, from 1851 to 
1855. 

Jones, Francis.— ^e was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Tennessee, 
from 1817 to 1823. 

Jones, George.— Yie was a Senator 
in Couiii-ess from Georgia during the ses- 
sion of 1807, by appointment of Governor, 
but was superseded by \V. H. Crawford. 

Jones, George 7F.— Born at Vin- 
cennes, Indiana, and graduated at Traojsyl- 
vauia University, Kentucky, in 1825. lie 
was bred to the law, but ill health pre- 
vented him from practising. He was 
Clerk of the United States District Court, 
in Missouri, in 182S ; served as an Aide- 
de-camp to General Henry Dodge in the 
Black Hawk war; was chosen Colonel of 
Militia in 1832: subsequently Major-Gen- 
eral ; also a Judge of a County Court ; in 
1835 was elected a Delegate to Congress 
from the Territory of Michigan, and 
served two years; in 1839 was appointed 
by President Van Buren Surveyor-General 
of the North-west; was removed in 1841 
for his politics, but reappointed by Presi- 
dent Polk, and remained in the office until 
1849; in 1848 he was elected a United 
States Senator from Iowa for six years, 
and re-elected in 1852 for six years, 
officiating as Chairmaii.of the Committees 
on Pensions, and on Enrolled Bills, and as 
a member of the Committee on Territo- 
ries. At the conclusion of his last term 
he was appointed, bj' President Buchanan, 



Minister to New Granada. In ISvGl he 
was charged with disloyalty, and impris- 
oned in Port Warren. 

Jones, George XF.— Born in King 
and Queen County, Virginia, March 15, 
180G. He began life by'adoptiiig the oc- 
cupation of a saddler; was a Justice of 
the Peace for three years; in 1834 a Jus- 
tice to hold the Quorum Court in Lincoln 
County; in 1835 and 1837 was elected to 
the Tennessee Legislature; in 1839 to the 
State Senate; in 1840 and 1842 was elected 
Clerk of the Lincoln County Court; and 
was elected a Representative to Congress 
in 1843, to which position he has been 
regularly i-e-elected to 1859, serving during 
the Tliirty-fifth Congress as Chairman of 
the Committee on Roads and Canals. In 
1853, upon the inauguration of President 
Pierce, Mr. Jones was appointed special 
bearer of despatches to the American 
Consul at Havana, having been authorized 
to administer the olFicialoath to the Vice- 
President, W. R. King, who had visited 
Cuba for his health. In 18G1 he was a 
Delegate to the " Peace Congress " held in 
Washington. 

Jones, Isaac D. — He was born in 
Maryland, and was a Represcnta; ive in 
Congress, from that State, from 1841 to 
1843. He was a Delegate also to the 
" Chicago Convention " of 18G4. 

Jones, t/fwwes.— Born in Maryland, 
and removed to Georgia when young. 
He studied law, and settled in Savannah.' 
He was often a meuiber of the Legi-.la- 
tnre of Georgia, and was a Representa- 
tive in Congress from 1799 to the lime of 
his death, which occurred at Washington, 
January 12, 1801. 

Jones, James. — He was born in 
AuK'lia County, Virginia, and was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from that State, 
from 1819 to 1823. 

Jones, James C — Born in Wilson 
County, Tennessee, June 8, 1.809; reci'ived 
a good education; devoted hiuisclf in 
early life to farming; tirst entered public 
life, in 1839, as a member of the Tennes- 
see Legislature; was Governor of Ten- 
nessee from 1841 to 1845, serving two 
terms; was a Presidential Elector i.i 1811 
and 1849; and in 1851 he was elected a 
Senator in Congress, from Tennessee, 
serving the whole of his term of six 
years. Died at Memphis, Tennessee, 
October 29, 1859. He was for many years 
devoted to the pul)lic interests of i\[em- 
phis, and his native State, and was dis- 
tinguished for his abilities. 

Jones, J. Glancg.—Ue was born on 
the Conestoga Kiver, Pennsylvania. Octo- 
ber 7, 1811. By his early education he 
was prepared for the church, but preferred 



214 



BIOaiiAPHICAL BEGOBDS. 



the law, to which he devoted himself with 
success; and while Deputy Attorne3'-Gen- 
eral of the State, was elected a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Pennsylvania, 
serving (excepting a part of the Thirty- 
thii'd Congress, when Henry W. Muhlen- 
bui'g succeeded him") from 1850 to 1858. 
He was the author, in the House, of the 
bill creating the Court of Claims, when a 
member of the Committee on Claims; 
and, by Mr. Speaker Orr, was placed at 
the head of the Committee on Ways and 
Means. He was a Presidential Elector 
in 1856, and was tendered, by President 
Buchanan, the missioa to Berlin, which 
he declined; but in October, 1858, he was 
offered the mission to Austria, and ac- 
cepted the appointment. 

Jones, John J.— Born in Burke 

County, Georgia, November 13, 1824; 
graduated at Emory College; studied law, 
and was admitted to practice in 1848; and 
was a Representative, from that State, to 
the Thirty-sixth Congress, serving on the 
Committee on Revisal and Untinished 
Business. Resigned in February, 1861, 
and returned to Georgia. 

Jones, John TF.— He was born in 
Virginia, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1835 to 
1845. He was also Speaker of the House 
of Representatives during the Twenty- 
eighth Congress. He was an eminent 
politician, and died January 29, 1848. 

Jones, John 7F.— Born on Rock 

Creek, Montgomery County, Maryland, 
April 14, 1806 ; when quite young he re- 
moved, with his father, to Kentucky, 
where he received a good English and 
classical education, at the Carlisle Sem- 
iuary; as his health would permit, he 
devoted himself to the study of medicine, 
attended lectures at the Pennsylvania 
Academy, and from Jefferson College re- 
ceived the degree of Doctor of Medicine. 
In 1840 he was elected to the Georgia 
Legislature, and he was a Represent:itive 
in Congress, from Georgia, from 1847 to 
1849. In 1849 he removed to Alabama, 
and devoted himself to Agriculture; but, 
returning .to Georgia, was appointed a 
Medical Professor in the Atlanta Medical 
College. He enjoys the reputation of liav- 
ing done mucli for the cause of education 
in the States of Georgia and Alabama. 

Jones, Joseph. — He was a Delegate, 
from Virginia, to the Continental Con- 
gress, from 1777 to 1778, and again from 
1780 to 1783. 

Jones, 3Iorgan.— lie was born in 
New York City, February 26, 1832; was 
educated at tiie school of St. James's 
Church, in New York; early took an in- 
terest in machinery and the business of a 
machinist, and subsequently adopted the 



business of a plumber, following the same 
within four hundred feet of the spot 
where he was born. In 1858 he was 
elected a City Councilman for New York, 
and, having been four times re-elected, 
served as President of the Board for three 
years ; was subsequently elected to the 
Board of Aldermen and made President 
of that body; and in 1864 he was elected 
a Representative, from New York, to the 
Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the 
Committee on Public Expenditures. 

Jones, Nathaniel.— Re was a mem- 
ber of the New York Assembly in 1827 
and 1828 ; a Representative in Congress, 
from New York, from 1837 to 1841 ; a State 
Senator in 1852 and 1853; and also held 
the offices of Surveyor General of the 
State, and Canal Commissioner. He died 
at Newberg, New York, July 21, 1866. 

Jones, Noble Wi/inberly.—Ue was 

a Delegate, from Georgia, to the Conti- 
nental Congress, from 1775 to 1776, aud 
again from 1781 to 1783. 

Jones, Owen.^Born in Pennsylva- 
nia; a lawyer by profession, and Repre- 
sentative in the Thirty-fifth Congress, 
from his native State. 

Jones, Holand.—Tle was born in 
Noi'th Carolina ; was a Representative in 
the Thirty-third Congress, from Lou- 
isiana. 

Jones, Seaborn.— He was born in 
Columbus, Georgia, and was a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from that State, from 
1833 to 1835, and again from 1845 to 1847. 

Jones, Thomas Laurens. — He 

was born in Rutherford County, North 
Carolina, January 21, 1819; after going 
through a course of studies at the Colum- 
bian College of South Carolina and at 
Yale College, he graduated at Princeton, 
in 1840, and at the Law-School of Cam- 
bridge. After travelling in Europe for 
two years, he studied law, and came to 
the bar in 1846; he was a member of tlie 
State Legislature in 1853 and 1854; often 
elected a Delegate to State and National 
Conventions ; and in 1857 lie was elected 
a Representative from Kentucky to tlie 
Fortieth Congress, serving on the Com- 
mittee on Public Buildings aud Grounds. 

Jones, Walter.— Born in Virginia, 
and educated as a physician at Edinburg,- 
about the year 1770; on his return he set- 
tled in Northumberland County, Virginia, 
where he had extensive practice in his 
profession. He was a Representative in 
Congress from 1797 to 1799, and again 
from 1803 to 1811. He died in Westmore- 
land County, Virginia, December 31, 1815, 
aged seventy-six years. 



BIOGBAFIIICAL BEOOBDS. 



215 



Jones, JVilliain. — Born in Phila- 
delphia; took an active part in the Rev- 
olutionary strungle, having fought at 
Trenton and Princeton as a volunteer, 
and served in several vessels ; he was a 
Lieutenant under Commodore Truxton, 
and was twice wounded and twice made 
prisoner; in 1790 settled in Charleston, 
South Carolina, whence he returned to 
Philadelphia in 1793; was a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from Pennsylvania, 
from 1801 to 1803 ; and was for a short 
time Secretary of the Navy, under Pres- 
ident Madison. He was also President of 
the Bank of the United States; Collector 
of Customs at Philadelphia; and for twen- 
ty-six years was a member of the Amer- 
ican Philosophical Society, before which 
he read many valuable communications, 
which were published. Died at Bethle- 
hem, Pennsylvania, in 1831. 

Jones, Willie. — He was a Delegate, 
from North Carolina, to the Coutineutal 
Congress, from 1780 to 1781. 

Judd, Norman B. — He was born 
in Rome, Oneida County, New York, Jan- 
uary 10, 1815; educated at the Grammar 
School of that town; studied law and 
removed to Chicago, 111., in 1836; became 
an Alderman in the City Council; was 
also City Attorney, Notary Public, and 
County Attorney ; was a member of the 
Illinois Senate from 1844, by repeated 
elections, until 1860; was appointed by 
President Lincoln Minister Plenipoten- 
tiary to Prussia in 1861, and held the ofRce 
until 1865, and in 1866 he was elected a 
Representative, from Illinois, to the For- 
tieth Congress, serving on the Commit- 
tees on Banking and Currency, and 
Weights and Measures. 

Judson, Andretv T. — Born at East- 
ford, Connecticut, November 29, 1784; his 
education was obtained at the common 
schools, and under the instructions of his 
father and brother. H« studied law, and 
was admitted to the bar in 1806, when he 
removed to Montpelier, Vermont, and 
practised in that State; he afterwards 
returned to his native town, and in 1809 
went to Canterbury, which he made his 
permanent residence. In 1819 he received 
the appointment of State's Attorney for 
Windliam County, which office he held for 
fourteen years. He was at difl'erent times 
a member of both branches of the Legis- 
lature ; and was a Representative in Con- 
gress from 1835 to 1839, when he was 
elected Judge of the District Court, and 
continued in that position until his death. 
In October, 1850, he was designated, by 
the Circuit Judge of the Second Circuit, 
to hold the Courts of the United States in 
the Southern District of New York during 
the illness of the distinguished Judge of 
that District, and he officiated at the trial 
of Mr. O'Sullivan, and others, for the at- 



tempted Cuban invasion. Among the 
causes which were brought before him 
for adjudication was the libel of the Am- 
istad and the flfty-four Africans on board. 
He died at home, March 17, 1853. 

Julian, George TF.— Was born in 
Centreville, Wayne County, Indiana, May 
5, 1817; received a good common-school 
education; spent three years as school- 
teacher; studied law, and was admitted to 
the bar in 1840. In 1845 he was elected 
to the Legislature of Indiana; was a Del- 
egate to the "Buffalo Convention" of 1848 ; 
was a Representative in Congress from 
Indiana from 1849 to 1851. In 1852 he 
was nominated by the "Pittsburg Con- 
vention " for the office of Vice-President 
of the United States, on the ticket with 
J. P. Hale for President; and in 1856 he 
was Vice-President of the " Republican 
Convention " held at Pittsburg. In 1860 he 
was elected a Representative, from Indi- 
ana, to the Thirty-seventh Congress, serv- 
ing on the Committees on Public Lands, 
on Public Expenditures, and the Joint 
Committee on the Conduct of the War; 
and in 1862 was re-elected to the Thirty- 
eighth Congress, and was Chairman of the 
Committee on Public Lands, and a mem- 
ber of the Committee on Public Expendi- 
tures. Re-elected to the Thirty-ninth 
Congi-ess, serving again at the head of the 
Public Lands' Committee, and on that on 
Expenses in the Navy Department. He 
was also a member of the National Com- 
mittee appointed to accompany the re- 
mains of President Lincoln to Illinois. 
Re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, serv- 
ing on the additional Committees on the 
Assassination of President Lincoln, and 
Education and Labor. 

JunTcin, Benjamin T. — Born in 
Cumberland County, Pennsylvania, No- 
vember 12, 1822; educated at Fayette 
Colle<<e; studied law at Carlisle, and was 
admitted to the bar in 1844; was elected 
District Attorney for Perry County i;i 1850, 
and held the office three years; and was 
elected, from Pennsylvania, to the Thirty- 
sixth Congress, serving on the Committee 
on Revolutionary Pensions. 

Kalhfleisch, Martin. — He was born 
in Flushing, Netherlands, February 6, 
1804; received a common-school educa- 
tion, and adopted the profession of a chem- 
ist. He came to the United States early 
in life, and his first public position was 
that of Health Warden in New York City 
in 1832. In 1836 he was Trustee of 
one of the common schools in New York; 
in 1852 and the two following years Su- 
pervisor of the town of Bushwick, King's 
County. In 1854 he was appointed Presi- 
dent of a Board of Commissioners for 
consolidating the cities of Brooklyn, Wil- 
liamsburg, and Bushwick. In 1855 he was 
elected an Alderman of Brooklyn, and, 



216 



UTOflBAPIITCAL I?EOOEDS. 



having been re-elected, was President of 
the Board of Aldermen from 1857 to 1861 ; 
during the latter year he was elected 
Ma3'or of Brooklyn ; and in 1862 was elect- 
ed a Eepresentative, from New York, to 
the Thirty-eightli Congress, sel-ving on 
the Committees on Revolutionary Claims, 
and Expenditures in the Treasury De- 
partment. He was also a Delegate to the 
Philadelphia "National Union Convention" 
of 1866 ; and in 1867 he was again elected 
Mayor of Brooklyn. 

Kane, JElias K. — He was born in 
New York State about the year 1795, and 
was bred to the legal profession. At an 
early period of his life he went to Tenne- 
see, and finally settled in Kaskaskia, in 
Hlinois Territory, in 1815. In 1818 he was 
a member of the Convention for framing 
a State Constitution, and when that gov- 
ernment was organized, he was appointed 
Secretary of State. He was subsequently 
elected a member of the Legislature; and 
from 1825 to 1835 he was a Senator in 
Congress, from Illinois, officiating as 
Chairman of the Committee on Private 
Land Claims. He died at Washington, 
District of Columbia, December 12, 1835. 

Kasson, tTohnA.—H-e was born near 
Burlington, Vermont, January 11, 1822; 
graduated at the University of Vermont 
in 1842; studied law in Massachusetts, 
and practised the profession in St. Louis, 
Missouri, until 1857, when he removed to 
Iowa. In 1858 he was appointed a Com- 
missioner to report upon the condition of 
the Executive Departments of Iowa; as- 
sisted in 1859 in organizing the State Bank 
of Iowa, and became Director for the 
State. In 1861 he was appointed Assist- 
ant Postmaster-General, which office he 
resigned in 1862, when he was elected a 
Representative, from Iowa, to the Thirty- 
eighth Congress, serving on the Commit- 
tee on Waj^s and Means. During thfe sum- 
mer of 1863 he was appointed, by President 
Lincoln, a Commissioner to the Interna- 
tional Postal Congress at Paris, returning 
in August. Re-elected to the Thirty-ninth 
Congress, serving on the Committees on 
Appropriations and the Death of President 
Lincoln, and as Chairman of the Commit- 
tee on Coinage, Weights, and Measures. 
On his retiring from Congress in 1867 
he was appointed a Special Commissioner 
to Europe for the Post Office Department, 
and on his return was elected to the Leg- 
islature of Iowa. 

Katifinan, David /Sf.— Born in Cum- 
berland, Pennsylvania, in 1813; graduated 
at Princeton College in 1833; not long 
after he removed to Natchez, Mississippi, 
and read law in the office of General Quit- 
man. In 1835 he settled in Natchitoches, 
Louisiana. In 1837 he emigrated to Na- 
cogdoches, in Texas, and in 1838 was 
elected a Representative in the Texan Con- 



gress; he was twice re-elected, and twice 
chosen Speaker of the House. In 1843 he 
was elected to the Senate, and from the 
Committee on Foreign Relations, in 1844, 
presented a report in favor of annexation, 
and took an active part in its consumma- 
tion. In 1845 he was appointed Charge to 
this government, but that office vvas super- 
seded by the final act of annexation, and 
he was elected one of the first members of 
the House of Representatives, from Texas, 
serving from 1846 to 1851. He died ia 
Washington, District of Columbia, Janu- 
ary 13, 1851. 

Kavanagh, Edivard. — He was 

born April 27, 1795; adopted the profes- 
sion of law; was a member of the Maine 
Legislature in 1826, 1828, 1842, and 1843; 
Secretary of the State Senate in 1830; and 
he was a Representative in Congress from 
1831 to 1835; when he wa^ appointed 
Charge d' Affaires to Portugal, Avhere he 
remained until 1841. In 1842 he was a 
Commissioner for settling the North-east 
Boundary; and was Acting Governor of 
Maine from 1843 to 1844; and for a short 
time President of the State Senate. He 
died at Newcastle, Maine, January ZO, 
1844. 

Reaii, tToJm. — He was a Delegate, 
from South Carolina, to the Continental 
Congress, from 1785 to 1787. 

Kearney , Difre. — He was a Dele- 
gate, from Delaware, to the Continental 
Congress, from 1786 to 1788. 

Keese, Richard. — Born In New 

York, and Avas a Representative in Con- 
gress, from that State, from 1827 to 1829. 

Keitn, George May. — Born in Read- 
ing, Berks County, Pennsylvania, April 
23, 1805. Ho received a liberal education 
and studied law in Philadelphia. Declin- 
ing the active pursuit of the profession, 
he devoted himself to banking, and, spent 
much of his leisure time in studying geol- 
ogy and mineralogy, and became a col- 
lector of paintings, of which he had a rare 
and valuable collection. He was Major- 
General of the military district in which 
he lived; was ameml)er of the Convention 
to revise the Constitution of Pennsylvania, 
and was elected to the Twenty-fifth 
Congress, from Pennsylvania, to till the 
vacancy caused by the resignation of 
Henry A. Muhlenberg, and afterwards to 
the Twenty-sixth and Twenty-seventh 
Congresses. Under the administrations 
of President Tyler and of President Polk, 
he was United States Marshal for the 
Eastern District of Pennsylvania. Died 
in the summer of 1862. 

Keiin, Williatn High. — Born in 

Reading, Pennsylvania, June 2'i, 1813 ; was 
educated at Mt. Airy Military Academy ; 



BIOGBAPIIICAL BECOBDS. 



217 



entered into the harclwai*e business, in 
wliicli he continued until 1855. He gave 
much attention to military matters, flllin!? 
every ollice up to and including that of 
Major-General of his district. Was Mayor 
of Heading. Elected to the Thirty-fifth 
Congress, from Pennsylvania, to till the 
unexpired terra of Mr. J. Glancy Jones ; 
in 18U0 was elected Surveyor-General of 
Pennsylvania. On the breaking out of the 
Rebellion he was called into the field as a 
Major-General of the Militia, and held the 
second command under General Patterson, 
with whom he marched into Virginia. 
At the expiration of the three months' 
service, he was commissioned by Presi- 
dent Lincoln as Brigadier-General of Vol- 
unteers, and entered upon the campaign 
of 1802 under General McClellan. He 
sickened with typhoid fever, in front of 
Yorktovvu, and died in May of that year. 

Keitt, Lawrence iff.— He was born 
in Orangeburg District, South Carolina, 
October"4, 1824; graduated at the College 
of South Carolina in 1843; studied law, 
and was admitted to practice in 1845; was 
elected to the State Legislature in 1848; 
and in 1853 to a seat in the National House 
of llepresentatives, having been regularly 
re-elected until December 18G0, when he 
resigned, serving in the Thirty-fifth Con- 
gress as Cliairman of the Committee on 
Public Buildings and Grounds. Just be- 
fore leaving Congress, he was elected to 
the Seceding Convention of South Caro- 
lina, and subsequently took an active part 
in the great Rebellion as a member of the 
ConCedyrate Congress. Killed in battle, 
in Virginia, in June, 1864. 

Kelley, William J).— Was born in 
Philadelphia, in the spring of 1814; re- 
ceived a good English education; com- 
menced life as a reader in a printing- 
oftlce ; spent seven years as an apprentice 
in a jewelry establishment; removed to 
Boston and followed his trade there for 
four years, devoting some attention to lit- 
erary matters ; returned to Philadelphia, 
studied law, and was admitted to the bar 
in 1841, and held the oQice for some years 
of Judge of the Court of Common Pleas 
in Philadelphia. In addition to his many 
political speeches, a number of literary 
addresses have been published from his 
pen. He was elected a Representative, 
from Pennsylvania, to the Thirty-seventh 
Congress, serving as a member of the 
Committees on Indian Afi'airs, and Expend- 
itures on Public Buildings. Re-elected to 
the Thirty-eighth Congress, serving on 
the Committees on Agriculture, and on 
Naval Aflairs. Re-elected to the Thirty- 
ninth Congress, serving on the Committees 
on the Library, Naval Affairs, and on 
Freedmen. He was a Delejsate to the 
Philadelphia " Loyalists' Convention " of 
186G ; and was re-elected to the Fortieth 
Congress, serving on old committees and 



as Chairman of that on Weights and 
Measures. 

Hellogg, Charles. — He was a native 
of Berkshire County, Massachusetts; 
served six years in the New York Assem- 
bly, from Cayuga County, and was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from that State, 
from 1825 to 1827. 

JLellogg, Francis W. — Born in 

Worthington, Hampshire County, Massa- 
chusetts, May 30, 1810 ; received a limited 
education, and, having removed to Michi- 
gan, entered into the business of lumber- 
ing. He served in tiie Legislature of 
Michigan, and was elected a Representa- 
tive, from that State, to the Thirty-sixth 
Congress, serving as a member of the 
Committee on Invalid Pensions; was re- 
elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress, 
serving on the Committees on Public 
Lands, and on Expenditures in the Post 
Office Department ; and was also re-elected 
to the Thirty-eighth Congress, and was a 
member of the. Committee on Military 
Affairs. In 18G5 he was appointed, by 
President .Johnson, Collector of Internal 
Revenue for Alabama. 

'Kellogg, Orlando. — He was born in 

Elizabethtown, New York, June 18, 1809 ; 
studied law, and was admitted to the bar 
in 1838 ; in 1840 he was appointed Surrogate 
of Essex County, which office he held for 
four years ; was elected in 1846 a Repre- 
sentative, from New York, to the Thirtieth 
Congress ; re-elected to the Thirty-eighth 
Congress, serving on the Committees on 
Manufactures, and on the Militia; and in 
1864 he was re-elected to the Thirty-ninth 
Congress, but died befoi'e taking his seat, 
at Elizabethtown, August 24, 1865. 

Kellogg, William. — Born in Ashta- 
bula County, Ohio, July 8, 1814, and re- 
moved to Illinois in 1837. His education 
was obtained in the common schools of 
the country, and having studied law, he ac- 
quired an extensive practice in the dis- 
trict, of disputed land titles in Illinois. He 
served in the State Legislature in 1840 and 
1850, and was three years Judge of the 
Circuit Court of Illinois, and elected a 
Representative, from that State, to the 
Thirty-fifth Congress, serving as a mem- 
ber of the Committee on Public Expendi- 
tures, Re-elected to the Tlii rty-sixth Con- 
gress, serving on the Judiciary Commit- 
tee, and on the Special Committee of 
Thirty-three on the Rebellious States. 
Re-elected to the Thirty-seventh Con- 
gress, serving on the Judiciary Committee, 
and that on Government Expenditures. 
In 1864 he was appointed by President 
Lincoln Minister to Gauteinala, and in 
1856 Chief Justice of Nebraska Territory, 
by President Johnson. 

Kelly, J'aines.—B.e was a Represent- 



218 



jBIOGB, 



UCAL BE COEDS. 



ative in Congress, from Pennsylvania, 
from 1805 to 1809. 

JS.elly, John. — Born in the City of 
New York, April 21, 1821; educated at 
the public schools in that city ; by trade a 
mason ; was Alderman of the city for two 
years ; and elected a Eepresentative in the 
Thirty-fourth and Thirty-fifth Congresses, 
serving on the Committee on Ways and 
Means. In October, 1858, he was elected 
High Sheriff for the City and County of 
New York. He was also a Delegate to 
the "Chicago Convention" of 1864. 

Kelly, William. — He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Louisiana, 
during the years 1821 and 1822 ; and a 
Senator in Congress, from 1822 to 1825. 

JKelsey, William JT.— He was born 
in Sinyrna, New York, October 2, 1812; 
adopted the profession of law; in 1840 he 
was appointed Surrogate of Livingston 
County ; in 1850 District Attorney of the 
same County; was elected a Representa- 
tive, from New York, to the Thirty-fourth 
and Thirty-fifth Congresses, serving on 
the Committee on Agriculture; and re- 
elected to the Fortieth Congress, serving 
on the Committee on Appropriations. 

Kelso, John It. — Born in Franklin 
County, Ohio, March 21, 1831; educated 
at Pleasant Ridge College, Missouri; was 
for a time the Principal of an academy ; 
served through the war for the Union as a 
Lieutenant and Captain, and in 1864 he 
was elected a Representative, from Mis- 
souri, to th3 Thirty-ninth Congress, serv- 
ing on the Committee on the Post Office 
and Post Roads. He was also a Del'jgate 
to the Philadelphia "Loyalists' Conven- 
tion " of 1866. 

Keinble, Gouverneur. —He was 

born in New York, and was a Representa- 
tive in Congress, from 1837 to 1841. 

Kempshall, Tho^nas. — He was 

bom in England, and, having emigrated 
to New York, was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1839 to 
1841. 

Kenan, Thomas. — Born in Duplin 
County, North Carolina, in 1771. In 1799 
he was a member of the House of Dele- 
gates ; served in the State Senate in 1804 ; 
and was a Representative in Congress, 
from North Carolina, from 1805 to 1811. 
He subsequently removed to Alabama, 
where he served for many years in the 
Legislature of that State, but declined a 
re-election to Congress. Died near Sel- 
ma, October 22, 1843. 

Kendall, Jonas. — He was born at 

Worcester, Massachusetts, in 1757; ob- 
tained a finished education by his own un- 



aided exertions ; served thirteen years in 
the Legislature of Massachusetts ; and 
was a Representative in Congress, from 
that State, from 1819 to 1821. Died m 
Leominster, Massachusetts, October 22, 
1844. 

Kendall, Joseph 6r.— Born in 1788; 
graduated at Harvard College in 1810, and 
was a tutor in that University from 1813 
to 1819. He was a Representative in 
Congress, from Massachusetts, from 1829 
to 1833; and then appointed Clerk of the 
State Courts. He died at Worcester, Mas- 
sachusetts, October 2, 1847. 

Kennedy, Andrew. — Born in Ohio, 
in 1810; was bred a blacksmith, and at 
the age of nineteen could neither read nor 
write. He subsequently studied law, and 
was a member of the State Senate of In- 
diana; and represented that State in Con- 
gress from 1841 to 1847. He died at Mun- 
cietowu, Indiana, December 31, 1847. 

Kennedy, Anthony,— Bora in Balti- 
more, Maryland, in 1811; removed, whea 
ten years of age, to Virginia; educated at 
Jefferson Academy, Charlestown, Vir- 
ginia; studied law, but abandoned it, and 
subsequently engaged in the manufacture 
of cotton and in planting. He was a mem- 
ber of the Legislature of Virginia from 
1839 to 1843, and an unsuccesslul candi- 
date for Congress from Virginia; re- 
moved to Baltimore in 1850. and was 
elected to the Maryland Legislature in 
1856, serving as Chairman of the Commit- 
tee on Ways and Means, and by that body 
elected to the United States Senate for 
six years from March 4, 1857, serving as 
a member of the Committee on Private 
LauQl Claims, and on the District of Co- 
lumbia. 

Kennedy, John JP.— He was born 
in Baltimore, October, 1795. He studied 
law, and pi'actised in that city until 1838, 
when he was elected to the House of Rep- 
resentatives, in the Federal Legisla- 
ture, and served in that body tlirough 
the Twenty-fifch, Twenty-seventh, and 
Twenty-eighth Congresses; elected in 
1846 to the House of Delegates of Mary- 
land (of which he had been a meml)er in 
the sessions of 1820 and 1822) ; he was 
made Speaker, and took an active part in 
the measure which was then adopted to 
resume the payment of the State debt, and 
the restoration of the public credit. Since 
1847, he has held no local political post, 
but has devoted his time to literary pur- 
suits. His last national position was 
that of Secretary of the Navy, under Pres- 
ident Fillmore. In 1849 he was chosen 
by the Regents of the University of Mary* 
land to preside over that institutiion, as 
Provost, which position he now occu- 
pies. Among his various political tracts, 
speeches, reports, and addresses, which 



BIOOItAPIIICAL BJSCOItDS. 



219 



have been published, are "A Review of 
Mr. Cambreling's Free-Trade Report, by 
Mephlstoplieles," in 1830 ; " The Memorisil 
of the Permanent Committee of the New 
York Convention of Friends of Domestic 
Industry," in 1833; an elaborate report on 
"The Commerce and Navigation of the 
United States, by the Committee of Com- 
merce" (of which Mr. Kennedy was 
Chairman), in 18't2; and a report from the 
same Committee on "The Warehouse 
System," in 1813. Besides these, he has 
publisiied sevei'al pamphlets and tracts, in 
defence of the protective system. In the 
field of general literature, he is known to 
the public as the author of "Swallow 
Barn; a Sojourn in the Old Dominion," 
"Horseshoe Robinson," "Rob of the 
Bowl," "Quod Libet," "Memoirs of the 
Life of William Wirt, late Attorney-Gen- 
eral of the United States," sundry histori- 
cal, biographical, and literary discourses, 
essays and reviews, which have not yet 
been collected into volumes. He was an 
active member of the Historical Society 
of Maryland, and for a long time its Vice- 
President. 

Kennedy, William. — He was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from North 
Carolina, from 1803 to 1805, from 1809 to 
1811, from 1813 to 1815. 

Kennett, Luther 31. — He was born 
in Falmouth, Pendleton County, Ken- 
tucky, March 15, 1807; received a good 
English and classical education ; was for a 
number of years Deputy Clerk of Pendle- 
ton and Campbell counties ; he studied 
law, and in 1825 removed to Missouri, 
where he engaged in mercantile pursuits ; 
having settled in St. Louis in 1842, he was 
elected to the councils of that city ; in 1849 
he was Chaii'man of the " Pacific Railroad 
Convention," held in St. Louis, and subse- 
quently Vice-President of the company 
formed for commencing the work ; in 
1850 he was elected Mayor of St. Louis, 
and re-elected in 1851 and 1852. In 1853 
he was elected President of the St. Louis 
and Iron Mountain Railroad ; and he was 
a Representative in Congress, from Mis- 
souri (St. Louis District), from 1855 to 
1857. 

Kennon, William.— Ke was born in 
Pennsylvania, and, having emigrated to 
Ohio, was elected a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1829 to 
1833, from 1833 to 1837, and from 1847 to 
1849. 

Kent, tToseph.— Born, in 1779, in Cal- 
vert County, Maryland ; was educated for 
physician, and combined the practice of 
his profession with the pursuits of agri- 
culture. He was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from his native State, from 1811 to 
1815, and from 1821 to 1826 ; Governor of 
Maryland from 182G to 1829 ; and United 



States Senator from 183!5 to 1837. He 
died near liis residence, in the vicinity of 
Bladensburg, Maryland, November 24, 
1839. 

Kent, Moss. — He was a member of 

the New York Assembly in 1807 and 1810, 
and was a Representative in Congress, 
from that State, from 1813 to 1817. 

Kenyon, William >§.— He was 
elected a Representative, from New York, 
to the Thirty-sixth Congress, serving as a 
member of the Committee on Private Land 
Claims. 

Kernan, Francis. — He was born in 
Steuben County, New York, January 14, 
1816 ; received his education at the George- 
town College, District of Columbia; 
adopted and practised the profession of 
law; held for a time the office of Reporter 
of the Court of Appeals ; served in the 
State Legislature; and was elected a 
Representative, from New York, to the 
Thirty-eighth Congress, serving on the 
Committee on the Judiciary. He was also 
a Delegate to the " State Constitutional 
Convention " of 1867. 

Kerr, John. — He was a Representa- 
tive in Congress, from Pennsylvania, from 
1813 to 1817. 

Kerr, John. — He was born in North 
Carolina, received a liberal education, and 
adopted the profession of law ; was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from his native 
State, from 1853 to 1855; and was subse- 
quently elected to the House of Commons 
of that State. 

Kerr, John Bosman. — Born at 

Easton, Talbot County, Maryland, March 
5, 1809 ; graduated at Harvard University 
in 1830. He studied law at Easton, and 
was admitted to the bar in 1833; was a 
member of the General Assembly of Mary- 
land from 1836 to 1838 ; and from 1847 to 
1849 he acted as Deputy for the Attorney- 
General of Maryland for Talbot County. 
From 1849 to 1851 he was a Representa- 
tive in Congress, and at the end of the 
session was appointed by President Fill- 
more Charge d'Afi'aires to the Republic of 
Nicaragua. During the revolution of 1851 
he had the good fortune, as the National 
Representative in Central America, to 
bring about an armistice, and was instru- 
mental in saving the lives of leading offi- 
cers of the revolutionary party, for which 
he received a formal expression of thanks 
from the Executive on leaving the coun- 
try; and in 1853 the Congress of the 
United States .voted him an extra sum for 
services in Central America. In 1854 he 
resumed the practice of his profession iu 
the City of Baltimore, and subsequently 
held an office under the Attorney-General 
in Washington, after which he was ap- 



220 



BlOGBArHICAL BECOBDS. 



pointed Deputy Solicitor of the Court of 
Claims. He was the sou of J. L. Kerr, 

Kerr, J'oJm L. — He was born at 
Grcenbiiry Point, near Anuapolis, j\Iary- 
laud. January 15, 1780; graduated at St. 
John's College in 1799; studied law with 
Johu Leeds Bozman, and practised the 
profession with success ; and was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Maryland, 
from 1825 to 1829, "and again from 1831 to 
1833; he was also a Senator in Congress 
from IS-tl to IS-tS. He was a member of 
the ''National Convention" held at Har- 
risburg in 1S39, and at the head of the 
electoral ticket for President during the 
same year. Before entering Congress, he 
■was the Agent of Maryland in the prose- 
cution of militia claims against the United 
States. He died at his homestead, iu 
Maryland, February 21, ISli. 

IZerr, J'oseph. — He was a Senator in 
Conuress, from Ohio, from 181i to 1815, 
having succeeded Thomas Worthingtou. 

Kerr, MlcJiael C.— Born near Titus- 
ville, Crawford County, Pennsylvania, 
March 15, 1827; was chiefly self-educated, 
but studied at several academies; for a 
time taught school; studied law in the 
Universirv of Louisville, and received the 
degree of Bachelor of Laws. After a brief 
residence iu Kentucky he settled at New 
Albany, Indiana. In 1856 he Avas elected 
for two years to the State Assembly ; in 
18G2 he was elected Reporter to the Su- 
preme Court of the State, and published 
five volumes; and in 1864 he was elected 
a Representative, from Indiana, to the 
Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the 
Committees ou Private Land Claims, and 
ou Accounts. Re-elected to the Fortieth 
Congress, serving ou the Committees ou 
Elections, and Roads and Canals. 

Kerrigan, tTaines E. — He was 

elected a RepreseutaUve, from New York, 
to the Thirty-seventh Congress, leaving 
his seat for a time to serve as a Colonel 
of Volunteers in the troubles of 1861. 

Kershaiv, John-'—^Q was a native 
of South Carolina, and a Representative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1813 to 
1815, when he was appointed, by President 
Madison, one of the three Commissioners 
to ruu the Creek boundary lines. 

KetcJiam, JTolm S. — He was born 
in Dover, Duchess County, New York, 
December 21, 1831; received an academi- 
cal education, and adopted the occupation 
of a farmer. He was for two j'ears Super- 
visor of his native towu; was a member 
of the Assembly in 1856 and 1857; of the 
State Senate iu"l860 and 1801. In 1862 he 
entered the militaiy service, and as Colo- 
nel of the One Hundred and Fiftieth New 
York Volunteers served until Januaiy, 1865, 



when he was made a Brigadier-General 
by brevet, which position he resigned in 
March, 1865, having previously been elect- 
ed a Representative, from New York, to 
the Thirtj'-uiuth Congress, serving on the 
Committee on Military Aflairs. He was 
also one of the Representatives designated 
by the House to attend the funeral of Gen- 
eral Scott in 1866. Re-elected to the For- 
tieth Congress, seiwing on the Committees 
on Expenditures iu the Post Ollice Depart- 
ment, and Military Affairs. 

Key, JPhilip. — "Was born in St. Ma- 
rjr's Countj^, Maryland, iu 1750; received 
a classical and commercial education ; was 
devoted to agricultural pursuits; served 
a number of years iu the Legislature of 
JNIarylaud, and was for one or two terms 
Speaker. He also rendered some service 
in the Municipal Courts of his native 
county. His service as a Representative 
in Congress, from Maryland, was from 
1791 to 1793. Died in his native place in 
January, 1820. 

Key, Philip Barton,— Bom mCe- 
cil Couut}% Maryland, in 1765; was liber- 
ally educated; entered the English army 
as a Captain, and when the Revolutionary 
war broke out he refused to bear arms 
against the Colonies ; he had a small com- 
mand and some service atPensacola, Flor- 
ida, where he was a hard student; and 
after the peace he returned to Maryland, 
where he took a high position as a law- 
yer. He also represeuted Annapolis iu 
the State Legislature. He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Maryland, 
from 1807 to 1813, and died at George- 
town, District of Columbia, July 28, 1815. 

Keyes, Ellas. — He was born in Ash- 
ford, Connecticut; was a Representative 
in Congress, froiii Vermont, from 1821 to 
1823. From 1803 to 1818 he was a State 
Councillor; and a member of the Legisla- 
ture of Vcrmout, for a period of eighteen 
years, from Stociibridge County. 

Kidder, David. — He was born in 
Dresden, Lincoln County, Maine, Decem- 
ber 8, 1787; received a classical education 
from private tutors; studied law, and set- 
tled in Somerset County, where he was 
County Attorney from 1811 to 1823 ; was 
a Representative iu Congress, from Maine, 
from 1823 to 1827 ; and a member of the 
State Legislature in 1829. Died Novem- 
ber 1, 1860. 

Kldivell, Zedekia7i.—B.e was born 
in Fairfax County, Virginia, January -t, 
181-1; was educated by his father; studied 
mediciue, and graduated at the Jefferson 
Medical College of Philadelphia iu 1839. 
After practising medicine some years, he 
commenced iu 1848 the study of law, and 
began to practise as a lawyer iu 1849; he 
served a number of years in the Legisla- 



BIOGnAFIIICAL BE COED 8. 



221 



tnre of Virginia; was a member of the 
"Stale Constitutional Convention" in 
1849; was a Presidential Elector iu 1852; 
and a Representative iu Coni-ross, from 
Virginia, from 1853 to 1857. ' In 1857 he 
was elected one of three Commissioners 
to superintend tlie public works for the 
State of Virginia, representing in that 
board the Third District. 

Kilbourn, tTames.— Born in New 
Britain, Connecticut, October 10, 1770. 
While apprenticed as a farmer's boy he re- 
ceived instruction in Latin and Greeli and 
mathematics from the son of his employer ; 
was next a mechanic, then a mercliantand 
manufacturer, and finally studied divinity, 
and became a clergyman of the Episcopal 
Church. In 1803 he was instrumental in 
forming an emigrating colony to Central 
Ohio, called the " Scioto Company." A 
town was soon organized, and named 
Worthington. In 1805 he was appointed 
by Congress to the office of United States 
Surveyor of Public Lands ; and in 1806 he 
was chosen by the Legislature a member 
of the Board of Trustees of Ohio College, 
at Athens. In 1812 he was appointed by 
the President a Commissioner to settle 
the boundary between the Public Lands 
and the Virginia Reservation, and also 
commissioned as Colonel of the Frontier 
Regiment. He was one of the Commission- 
ers for locating Miami University, and 
President of the Board of Trustees of 
Worthington College. From 1813 to 1817 
he was a Uepresentative in Congress from 
Ohio. In 1823 he was elected to the Ohio 
Legislature, serving on fourteen com- 
mittees, and was re-elected in 1838, and 
subsequently devoted much attention to 
matters of State policy. He died iu 
Worthington, Ohio, April 24, 1850. 

Rilgore, David. — He was born in 
Harrison County, Kentucky, April 3, 1801, 
and, removed with his father to Indiana in 
1819, and settled iu Franklin County. He 
received a common-school education, and 
commenced the study of law in 1825, and 
was admitted to practice in 1830, and re- 
moved to Delaware County. In 1833 he 
was elected to the State Legislature, find 
served several years. In 1839 he was 
elected by the Legislature President Judge 
of the Judicial Circuit in which he re- 
sided, and held the office seven years. In 
1850 he was a Delegate to the Constitu- 
tional Convention of the State. In 1854 
was again elected to the Legislature, and 
was Speaker of the House. In 1856 he 
was elected a Representative from Indi- 
ana to the Thirty-fifth Congress, and was 
re-elected to the Thirty-sixth, serving as 
a member of the Committee on Expendi- 
tures in the Treasury Department, and 
that on the District of Columbia. He 
was also a Delegate to the Philadelphia 
" National Union Convention" of 166G. 



Kilgore, Daniel. — He was born in 
Virginia, and was a Representative in 
Congress from Ohio, from 1835 to 1839. 
Died in New York, December 12, 1851. 

M-ille, tTosepJi. — He was born in New 
Jersey, and was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from that State, from 1839 to 1841. 

JLillinger, JTohn TV. — Born in Penn- 
sylvania, and was elected a Representa- 
tive from that State to the Thirty-sixth 
Congress, serving on the Committee on 
Public Expenditures. Re-elected to the 
Thirty-seventh Congress, serving on the 
Committee on Mileage, and as Chairman 
of the Committee on Expenditures in the 
Post Office Department. In 18G3 he was 
appointed Assessor of Internal Revenue 
for the Tenth District of Pennsylvania. 

Kincaid, John. — He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from Kentucky, 
from 1829 to 1833. 

King, Adam. — He was a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from Pennsylvania, 
from 1827 to 1833, and died May G, 1835. 

Ring, Austin A. — He was born in 
Sullivan Ci)unty, Tennessee, September 
20, 1801 ; received as good an education 
as the couutry tlien afforded ; studied law, 
and was licensed to practise on becoming 
of age; removed to Missouri in 1830; in 
1834 was elected to the Missouri Legisla- 
ture; re-elected to the same position in 
1836; in 1837 he was appointed a Circuit 
Judge for Ray County, which position he 
held until 1848, when he was elected Gov- 
ernor of Missouri, the term of that office 
expiring in 1853; in 18G2 he was again 
placed upon the bench in his old circuit, 
and during that year was elected a Repre- 
sentative, from Missouri, to the Thirty- 
eighth Congress, serving ou the Commit- 
tee on the Judiciary. 

King, Cyrus. — Born in Scarborough, 
Massachusetts, September 6; 1772; grad- 
uated at Columbia College in 1794; was 
private Secretary to Rufus King, his lialf 
brothel', in 1796 ; studied law, and prac- 
tised twenty years in Saco ; was a Major- 
General of Militia; and was a Represent- 
ative iu Congress from Massachusetts, 
from 1813 to 1817. Died April 25, 1817. 

Ring, Daniel Putnam. — Born in 

Danvers, Massachusetts, in 1800; gradu- 
ated at Harvard in 1823. At first he con- 
templated the study of the law, but soon 
abandoned it for the practice of agricul- 
ture. In 1836 and 1837 he was a member 
of the Massachusetts Legislature; in 1838 
and 1839 a member of the State Senate; 
and iu 1840 and 1841 President of that 
body; Speaker of the House in 1843, and 
during that j'ear he was elected a Rep- 
resentative ill Congress, and held that po- 



222 



BIOGEAPHICAL BECOBDS. 



sition until his death, which occurred in 
Dauvers, July 25, 1850. 

Ring, George C — He was born in 
Rhode Island, and graduated at Brown 
University in 1825 ; was a Representative 
In Congress, from that State, from 1849 
to 1853. Was Presidential Elector in 
1849. 

"King, Henry. — Born in Hampden, 

Hampshire County, Massachusetts. Stud- 
ied law at WilliesiDarre, Pennsylvania, and 
began the practice of it at Allentown, in 
the same State, about the year 1815. He 
was a member of the Senate of Pennsyl- 
vania, when he was elected a Representa- 
tive in the Twenty-second Congress ; and 
re-elected to the Twenty-third. He sepa- 
rated from the Democratic party on tlie 
question growing out of the removal of 
the government deposits from the Bank 
of the United States. Retiring from po- 
litical life, he resumed the practice of law. 
He died July 13, 1861, aged seventy-one 
years. 

Ring, James. — He was born at 
Highwood, New Jersey, in 1791; was 
taken to England by his father when 
American Minister, and was educated 
there, and graduated at Harvai'd College 
in 1810; was an eminent merchant and 
banker in New York City ; and a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from New Jersey, 
from 1849 to 1851. He died in Highwood, 
New Jersey, October 3, 1853. 

King, J'oJm. — 'Ho was born in 1775; 
served in Congress as a Representative, 
from New York, from 1831 to 1833; and 
died at New Lebanon, New York, Septem- 
ber 1, 1836. 

King, John A. — He was born in 
New York in 1788; educated at Harrow, 
England; and was devoted somewhat 
to farming. He was a member of tlie 
New York Assembly from 1819 to 1821; 
and re-elected in 1832 and in 1840, from 
Queen's County; and in 1823 he was 
elected to the State Senate. He was a 
Representative in Congress, from New 
York, from 1849 to 1851; and was also 
Governor of New York from 1856 to 1858. 
Rufus King, the diplomatist, was his fti- 
ther, and James G. King, of New Jersey, 
was his brother. He was also appointed 
Secretary of Legation at London in 1826, 
and, on the return of his father, acted as 
Charge d'Affaires. In 1859 he was a Del- 
egate to the " State Convention" held at 
Saratoga ; and a Presidential Elector in 
1860. He was also a Delegate to the 
" Peace Congress" of 1861 ; to the Phila- 
delphia " National LTnion Convention" of 
18G6; and to the State "Constitutional 
Convention" of 1867. Died at Jamaica, 
Long Island, July 7, 1867. 



King, John P. — He Avas a Senator 
in Congress, from Georgia, from 1833 to 
1837. 

King, JPerJcins. — He was a member 
of the New York Assembly in 1827, and a 
Representative in Congress from that 
State from 1829 to 1831. 

King, Preston. — He was born in 
Ogdensburg, St. Lawrence County, New 
York, October 14, 1806; graduated at 
Union Colledge; studied law and prac- 
tised the profession; during the adminis- 
tration of Andrew Jackson he established 
and edited tlie " St. Lawrence Republican," 
and in 1834 was appointed Postmaster of 
Ogdensburg; was a member of the New 
York Legislature in 1835, 1836, 1837, and 
1838; was a Representative in Congress, 
from New York, from 1843 to 1847, and 
again from 1849 to 1853; in 1857 he was 
elected a Senator in Congress, which po- 
sition he retained until 1863, serving as 
Chairman of the Committee on Revolu- 
tionary Pensions. During his service in 
the Senate he was Cliairinan of tlie Na- 
tional Republican Committee ; was a Del- 
egate to the " Baltimore Convention" in 
1864, and a Presidential Elector in the 
same year; and in the summer of 1865 he 
Avas appointed, by President Johnson, 
Collector of the Port of New York. He 
was drowned in the harbor of New York, 
November 13, 1865, having, as it is sup- 
posed, while in a fit of derangement, 
thrown himself overboard from a ferry- 
boat. On the day that his successor in 
the Custom House entered upon his du- 
ties, in May, 1866, the body of the deceased 
Avas picked np in the Hudson River, and 
was buried with suitable honors. 

King, Mufus. — He Avas born in Scar- 
borough, Maine, in 1755; Avas educated at 
Dunimer Academy, in Newbury, Massa- 
chusetts; graduated at Harvard College in 
1777; in 1778 he Avas Aide-de-camp to 
Sullivan in his expedition against the 
British in Rhode Island; he studied law, 
and vvas admitted to the bar in Newbury- 
port, Massachusetts, in 1780; he was 
elected from that town to the State Legis- 
ture; in 1784 was elected a Delegate to 
Congress, at Trenton ; was a member of 
the State Convention of Massachusetts, 
held in 1787 ; he was a member of the Con- 
vention Avhich formed the Federal Consti- 
tution, and signed that instrument; I'e- 
moving to New York City in 1778, he was, 
in 1789, elected a Senator in Congress, 
and served his entire term, and Avas re- 
elected to the same position in 1813, re- 
maining in that capacity until 1825. At 
the close of his first term in the Senate, 
he was appointed, by President Washing- 
ton, Minister to England, Avhere he re- 
mained through the whole of President 
Adams's terra, and during two years of 
President Jeflferson's term. In 1825 Pres- 



BIOGIiArillCAL BECOBDS. 



?23 



ident John Quincy Adams again appointed 
him Jiinister to England, but bad liealth 
prevented him from euteiing upon his du- 
ties; and, returning home, he died at 
Jamaica, Long Isiland. April 20, 18:.'7. As 
a statesman, diplomatist, ami political 
Avriter, lie displayed great abilities, ami he 
was tlie author of many of the papers 
Avritten on tiie British Treaty, In 1734, over 
the signature of Camilius; as a man, he 
was universally respected and beloved. 

King, Mufus S. — He was born in 
Xcw Yor!\, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 18.53 to 
1857. He was subsequently President of 
the Xew York State National Bank, at Al- 
banj^, and also of the Albany Insurance 
Corapan5^ A gentleman bearing the same 
name was appointed Minister to Rome. 

King, T. Butler. — He was born in 
Hampden, Hampshire County; Massachu- 
setts, August 27, 1804; was educated at 
TVestfield Academy ; studied law, and re- 
moved to Georgia in 1823, where he de- 
voted himself to planting. In the years 
1832, 1834, 183.5, and 1837, he was a mem- 
ber of the State Senate ; and he was a 
Representative in Congress, from Georgia. 
from 1839 to 1843, and again from 1845 to 
1847, and for another term ending with 
1849, serving much of the time on the 
Committee on Naval Affairs, in which he 
took especial intei'est. He was also a 
member in 1833 of the " Milledgeville Con- 
vention," in 1836 of the "Macon Railroad 
Convention," and in 1840, of the " Young 
Men's Convention" at Baltimore; besides 
serving as the President of various canal 
and railroad companies. He subsequent- 
ly became a resident of California, but 
returned to Georgia, and was elected, in 
1859, a Senator in the State Legislature. 
He was, for two years. Collector of the 
Port of San Francisco; was identified 
with the great Rebellion as a Commission- 
er to Europe ; and died in Georgia, May 
10, 1864. 

King, Williain iJ.— Born in North 
Carolina. April 7, 178C; received a good 
education ; studied law, and was admitted 
to the bar in 180G ; was a Representative 
in Congress, from his native State, from 
1811 to 1816; he resigned that position 
and accompanied William Pinckney to 
Europe as Secretarj'of Legation; and, on 
his r<!turn from Europe, settled in the 
Territory of Alabama, and devoted him- 
self to planting. He was a member of the 
Convention which formed the State Con- 
stitution of Alabama; in 1819 he was 
elected a Senator in Congress, from Ala- 
bama, where he continued until 1844, serv- 
ing as Chairman of the Committee on 
Public Lands, Commerce, and other im- 
portant committees; in that year he was 
appointed Minister to France, and contin- 
ued there two years ; in 1846 he was again 



elected to the United States Senate, where 
he remained until elected Vice-President 
of the United States in 1852. During the 
Twenty-fourth, Twenty - fifth, Twent}^- 
sixth, Thirty-flrst, and Thirty-second Con- 
gresses, he ofliciated as President pro 
tern, of the Senate, and as a presiding 
officer, as well as a man, commanded uni- 
versal respect. At the time of his elec- 
tion as Vice-President his health was 
feeble, and, when the time arrived for 
taking the constitutional oath of that 
office, he was in Cuba, and the oath Vt^as 
administered by the American Consul 
there. He returned to his plantation at 
Cahawba, Alabama, April 17, 1853, and 
died the following day. 

Kingsbury, William TF".— Bora 
in Towauda, Bradford County, Pennsyl- 
vania, June 4, 1828. He was self-educated ; 
he was bred a farmer, emigrated to Min- 
nesota, and in the year 1855 was first 
elected a member of the Minnesota Legis- 
lature, and again in 1856. In 1857 was 
Delegate to the Convention for framing a 
Constitution for Minnesota, and elected a 
Delegate to the Thirty-fifth Congress. 

Kinloch, Francis. — He Avas a Dele- 
gate, Irom South Carolina, to the Conti- 
nental Congress, from 1780 to 1781. 

Kinnard, George J/.— He was a 
Representative in Congress, from Indiana, 
from 1833 to 1837, and died at Cincinnati, 
November 26, 1838, from injuries received 
on the sixteenth of that month on board 
the steambort Flora, which exploded near 
that city. 

Kinney, John Fitch. — Born in New 
Haven, Oswego County, New York, April 
2, 1816; received an academical education, 
studied law, settled in Marysville, Ohio, 
and was admitted to practice at " Court 
and Banc" in 1837. In 1839 he removed 
to Mount Vernon, Ohio, where he prac- 
tised law until 1844, when he removed to 
Lee County, Iowa; held the office of Sec- 
retary of the Legislative Council for the 
Territory, and also that of District At- 
torney. Upon the admission of Iowa as 
a State, he was appointed one of the 
Judges of the Supreme Court, holding 
the office two years, when he was elected 
to the same by the Legislature for six 
years. In 1853 he was appointed by Pres- 
ident Pierce Chief .lustice of the Supremo 
Court of Utah, and went to that Territory 
in 1854; in 1857 removed to Nebraska 
Territory, and settled in the practice of 
law ; in 1860, by President Buchanan, he 
was again appointed Chief Justice of 
Utah, holding that office until 1863, when 
he was elected, by a unanimous vote, a 
Delegate from Utah to the Thirty-eighth 
'Congress. 

Kinsey, Charles.— Tie was a Repre- 



224 



BlOGHAPniCAL RECOIiDS. 



tentative iu Gonirivss, ftviu New Jersey, 
ftvm 1S17 to ISli), and ft-om 1$20 to 1S21. 

Kinsey^ tfames.—Ue^ was a Dele* 
g»te, tVom New Jei-sey, to the Continental 
Cougivss, fi\>m 1774 to 177v%, when he re- 
signed his seat. Ue was active iu the 
canse of the Kevolutiou, and was a mem- 
ber of the Committee of Convspoudonee 
fl)r Bui'lingtou County. In 17c>l> he was 
appointed Chief Justice of New Jersey. 
He died at Burlington, January 4, ISOi, 
aged seventy. 

Kinsley, ilTar^JM.— He was born in 
Eridgowater, Massachusetts. June 3, 1754 ; 
graduated at Hurvaixl University in 1778, 
and studied medicine; performed some 
service in the llevolutionary war, and was 
chosen a Delegate to the Convention for 
forming the Constitution of his native 
State; served iu the Legislature of Mas- 
sachusetts about thirty years; he was 
also at dilFcrt^nt periods a member of the 
State C<?'i.ncil ; a Judge of the Court of 
Common Pleas; Judge of Pi-obate; and a 
Kepi-eseutative in Congress, t\\)m Massa- 
chusetts, tYom ISiU to 1S31. He die<l June 
30, ISSo. 

Kif^html, J'oseph* — He was boi"u 
in Old Norwich. Connecticut, in 1771; 
graduated at Yale College iu 1790: i-e- 
Inoved to Utica, New York, and was the 
lli-st Mayor of that City ; served frequently 
iu the State Legislature ; and was a Kep- 
reseutative iu Congivss, flvm New York, 
fl-om 1S21 to 1S23. He dietl at Utica, Jan- 
uary 26, 1S44. 

KirkpatrieJc!, JLittleton.—Bom iu 

New Bruuswick, New Jersey ; graduated 
at Priueetoa College iu 1S15;" adL>pted the 
profession of la w ; and was a Kepreseutat i v e 
iu Congress, ft\>m New Jersey, fivm 1^43 
to 1$45. He was also for five years Surro- 
gate of the County of Middlesex. Died 
August 15, 1S59. 

Kh'Jcpatrick, William,— Uq was 

bora iu Amwell. Huucenlou Couuty, New 
Jersey, iu November, 17t;c>; was educate«.l 
at Prtaeetou College, graduating iu 17SS ; 
studied medicine, and was admitted to 
practice iu 1795; iu ISOt? he removed to 
Salina. New York, and became Superin- 
tendent of the Salt Springs ; was a Kepiv- 
seutative in Congress, from 1S07 to l$Oc), 
fivm New York"; and died of cholera, at 
Salina, September 3, 1S33. 

Kirk'urood, Satnuel «7.— He was 
born in Harford Couuty, Maryland, De- 
cember 20. 1S13, and received an academi- 
cal education in Washington City. In 
1835 he removed to Ohio, wherv he studied 
law and came to the bar iu 1S43; for 
four years he was Prosecuting Attorney 
of Kichland Couucy ; was a member of the 
Scale " Coustitucioual Couventiou " of 



1S50 ; removed to Iowa in 1855 ; was elect- 
ed to the Senate of that State in 1856; 
was Governor of Iowa from the beginning 
of I860 to the beginning of 1864 ; and iu 
January, 1866, was elected a Senator iu 
Congress, IVom Iowa, for the unexpired 
term of James Harlan, ending in March, 
1867, and serving on the Committees on 
Pensions and Public lauds. 

Kirtlnnd, Dorfance.—ll's was bora 

iu New York; graduated at Yale College, 
in 1789; and was a Kepresentative in Con- 
gi-ess, from that State, ft-om 1817 to 1819. 

Kitchell, ^4«»'0».— Born iu Morris 
County, New Jersey; was a warm sup- 
porter of the Kevolution ; a Kepresenta- 
tive in Congress, from New Jersev, froiu 
1791 to 1793, lYom 1794 to 1797, and tVom 
1799 to 1801; and a Senator iu Congress 
tVom 18Q5 to 180.\ when he resigned. He 
was also a member of the State Legis- 
lature. 

Kitchen, Beihuel Jf.— He was bora 
iu Berkeley Couuty, West Virginia. March 
21, 1812; i-eceived a common-school edu- 
cation, and adopted the occupation of a 
tanner; in 1861 and 1862 he was elected 
to the Legislature of Virginia; iu 1863 a 
Kepivsentative from that State to the 
Thirty-eighth Congress, but was not ad- 
mitted to his seat ; iu 1864 he was elected 
to the Senate of West Virgiuia, and in 
1866 a Kepresentative fi"om West Virgiuia 
to the Fortieth Congress, servins: ou the 
Committees on Agricultui'e. and Espouses 
iu the Treasury Department. 

Kittet'a, John W,—Ue was a grad- 
uate of Princeton College iu 1776; and a 
Kepresentative iu Cougivss, from Pon-..- 
sylvauia, tVom 1791 to 1801, when he w;;s 
appointed United States District At- 
torney for the Eastern District of Peuu- 
sylvauia. 

Kittera, Thomas.— Re was a Kep- 
resentative iu Cougress, from Peunsyiva- 
nia, from 1826 to 1827. 

Kittredgef George W. — He was 

born in New Hampjihire; a physician by 
pivfession; a member of the Legislature 
for three years, iu 1847. 1851, and 1852, 
oiticiating as Speaker iu 1852 : and was a 
Kepresentative iu Congress, fi-om that 
State, from 1853 to 1855. 

KUngensmlth^ e7r., eJoft/*.— He was 

born iu Penusylvauia. and was a Kepre- 
sentative iu O'ougress, from that State, 
from 1835 to 183d. 

Knapp, Anthony £.— Bom in Mid- 
dletown. Delaware County, New York, 
June 14, 1828; removed with his father to 
Illinois in 1839; studied law, and was ad- 
mitted to the bar iu 18^49, settling Lu the 



BIOOBAPniCAL ItECORDS. 



225 



town of Jersey villc; in 1858 he was elect- 
ed to the .Senate of IlliiioiH, attendiri'^ the 
BC8.sh)iis of ]85'J and 18(il ; and in tlie latter 
year he was elected a Kepresentative, 
from IllinoiH, to the Tliirty-«eventh Con- 
grcsH, ficrvinj^ on the Committee on Rev- 
olutionary Tensions. In 1802 he was re- 
elected to tlie Thirty-eij^hth Congress, 
Bcrvlniifouthe ComuiitLeeon Trivatc Land 
Claims. 

Knapp, Chauncey L.—lle was born 
in lierlin, Vermont, i^'ebruary 20, 1809. 
He commenced active business life by 
eervlnjj an apprenticesliip of seven years 
in a printinj^-odlce in Montpeiier; was 
elected Reporter for the Le;i;islatnre in 
18'33; was co-proprietor and editorforsoine 
years of the " State Journal ;" was elected 
Secretary of the State in 1830, in which 
capacity he served four years; and re- 
moving to Massaciiusetts he was elected 
Secretary of the Massachusetts Senate in 
18.J1 ; and was elected a liepresentative 
to the 'I'liirty-foiirth Congress, and re- 
elected to the Tliirty-flfth Congress, and 
was a member of the Committee on Ter- 
ritories. To him was awarded the credit, 
while editing the "Journal," of first nom- 
inating (General Harrison for the Presi- 
dency, which resulted in his obtaining 
the electoral votes of Vermont four years 
before he was really elected. Mr. Knapp's 
tastes h,')ve led him to the study of me- 
chanics, and in ail his public positions he 
has paid i)articular attention to the me- 
chanical interests of his constituents. 

KnickerbocJcer, JTerman.'-IIe was 

born in New York in 1780, and was a de- 
scendant, in tlie third generation, of one 
of the original emigrants to New York. 
He early engaged in politics, and was a 
member of Congress, from 1809 to 1811, 
as a Federalist; but during President 
Jackson's administration he became a 
Democrat. He died in Williamsburg, New 
York, January 30, 18.j5. This was the 
person to whom Irving playfully alluded 
in the prefiiccito his "Knickerbocker" as 
" my cousin the Congressman." 

Knight, Jonathan.— "^ora in Bucks 

County, Pennsylvania, November 22, 1787, 
and removed with his parents, in 1801, to 
East Uetlilchem, Washington County. He 
was mostly self-educated, and became a 
school-teacher, and surveyor of lands. In 
1810 he was appointed by the State Gov- 
ernment to make and report a map of his 
county. He served three years as County 
Commissioner, and was appointed, in 1827, 
a Commissioner to extend the National 
Road between Cumberland and Wheeling 
tlirough Ohio and Indiana to the eastern 
line of Illinois. In 1822 he was elected to 
tlie Legislature, and served six years. In 
1828 he visited England to acquire a 
thorough knowledge of civil engineering, 
and on his return was appointed Chief 
15 



Engineer on the Baltimore and Ohio Itoad, 
He was elected, in 1854, a Representative, 
in tlie Thirty-fourth Congress, from Penn- 
sylvania; after that time he was engaged 
in agriculture. He died in Washington 
County, November 22, 1858. 

Knight, NehemlaJi.— lie was a na- 
tive of Rhode Island; a farmer by occu- 
pation; a prominent politician of the 
Federal school, and a Jiepresentative in 
Congress from 1803 to 1808. 

Knight, Nehemlah JJ. — Horn in 
Cranston, Rhode Island, December 31, 
1780; was chiefly self-educated; at the 
age of twenty-two was elected to the State 
Legislature; in 1805 he was elected Clerk 
of the Court of Common Pleas in Provi- 
dence; in 1812 he was chosen Clerk of the 
Circuit Court, and served until 1817; he 
was also for many years President of the 
Roger Williams Bank; lie was elected 
Governor of Rhode Island in 1817, and re- 
elected in 1810 and 1820; he was appoint- 
ed, by President Madison, during the war 
with England, Collector of Providence; 
and he was a Senator in Congress, from 
1821 to 1841. He was a member in 1843 
of the " State Constitutional Convention." 
after which he retired to private life. He 
died at Providence, Rhode Island, April 
19, 1854. He was a man of sterling char- 
acter, and a true patriot. 

Knott, tT. Proctor. — He was born in 
Marion County, Kentucky, August 29, 
1830; received a good education; studied 
law and removed to Missouri in 1850; he 
was elected to the State Legislature in 
1858, but resigned in 1859; in 1800 he was 
elected Attorney-General of the State; 
was a Delegate to tlie " Missouri Conven- 
tion " of 1801 ; returned to his native State 
in 1802; and in 1807 was elected a Repre- 
sentative from Kentucky to the Fortieth 
Congress, serving on the Committee on 
Mines and Mining. 

Knowlton, Ehenezer. — He was 

born in New Hampsliire; was educated 
for the ministry ; was elected to tlie Maine 
Legislature in 1844, 1840, and 1848, serv- 
ing during his second year as Speaker; 
and was a Representative in Congress, 
from Maine, from 1855 to 1857. 

Knox, tJatnes. — Born m Canajoharie, 
Montgomery County, New York, July 4, 
1807; graduated at Yale College in 1830; 
studied law at Utica, New York, and was 
admitted to the bar in 1833. In 1830 he 
located at Knoxville, Illinois, where he has 
since resided, giving his attention chiefly 
to mecantile and agricultural pursuits. 
In 1847 he was a member of the " Consti- 
tutional Convention" of Illinois, and in 
1852 was elected a Representative in the 
Thirty-third Congress, and re-elected to 
the Thirty-fourth. He subse<luently be- 



226 



BIOGBAFIIICAL BEC0BD8. 



came blind, and visited Europe with a 
view of recovering his sight. 

Knox, Samuel. — He was elected a 

Eepre.'^entative, from Missouri, to the 
Tliirty-eighth Congress, having success- 
fully contested the seat occupied by F. B. 
Elair, Jr., and taking his own seat near 
the close of the first session. 

Koonfz, Williafn JBT.— He was born 
in Somerset, Pa., July 15,1830; received 
a common-school education; adopted the 
profession of law ; was District Attorney 
for Somerset County for three years ][rom 
1853; was Prothouotary and Clerk of the 
Courts of said County for tliree years 
from 18G0; and was elected a Represent- 
ative from Pennsylvania to the Thirty- 
ninth Congress, having successfully con- 
tested the seat of A. H. Coffroth, and 
serving on the Committee on the District 
of Columbia. He was also a Delegate to 
the Philadelphia " Loyalists' Convention" 
of 18G(>; and was re-elected to the Forti- 
eth Congress, serving on the Committees 
for the District of Columbia, and Expendi- 
tures in the Interior Department. 

Krebs, Jacob.— Re was a Eepresent- 
ative in Congress, from Pennsylvania, 
from 1826 to 1827. 

KremeVf George. — Born in Dauphin 
County, Pennsylvania, in 1775, and died 
in Union County, Pennsylvania, Septem- 
ber 11, 18o4-. He was a Eepresentative in 
Congress, from Pennsylvania, from 1823 
to 1829. 

Kuhns, Joseph iT.— He was bora 

In Pennsylvania, and w^s a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from that State, from 
185a to 1853. 

KunJcel, Jacob 31.— Was born in 

Frederick, Maryland, July 23, 1822 ; grad- 
uated at the University of Virginia in 
1843 ; studied law, and commenced prac- 
tice in 1846 ; and in 1850 was elected to 
the Maryland Senate for six years, but the 
change in the State Constitution cut short 
his term. He was elected a Represent- 
ative from Maryland, to the Thirty-fifth 
Congress, serving as a member of the 
Committees on Revolutionary Claims, and 
Expenditures in the Treasury Depart- 
ment. Also elected to the Thirty-sixth 
Congress, serving on the Committee on 
Accounts ; and was a Delegate to the 
Philadelphia "Loyalists' Convention" of 
1866. 

KunJcel, John C— Born inPenn.syl- 
vania; a lawyer by profession; and a 
member of the Thirty-fourth and Thirty- 
fifth Congresses from his native State, 
and a member of the Committee on 
Claims. 



Kurtz, William H. — He was born 
in Pennsylvania, and was a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from that State, from 
1851 to 1855. 

KuyTcendall, Andrew Z. — He was 

born in Gallatin County, Illinois, March 3, 
1815; was chiefly self-educated ; studied, 
adopted, and practised the profession of 
law. From 1842 to 1846 he was a mem- 
ber of the Illinois Legislature, and in the 
State Senate from 1850 to 1862. As a vol- 
unteer, he entei-ed the Thirty-first Regi- 
ment of Illinois Infantry In 186 1, was 
elected Major, and served until 1862, 
when he resigned on account of his 
health ; and in 1864 he was elected a Rep- 
resentative, from Illinois, to the Thirty- 
ninth Congress, serving on the Commit- 
tees on the Post Office and Post Roads, 
and on Mileage. He was also a Delegate 
to the Philadelphia " National Union Con- 
vention" of 1866. 

Labranch, Alcea. — He was born in 
Louisiana, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1843 to 

1845. 

LacocJc, Abner.— Born in Virginia 
in 1770. VVithout the advantage of much 
early education, he raised himself by his 
talents to eminence as a legislator, states- 
man, and civilian. He filled various pub- 
lic stations for a period of nearly forty 
years ; was a Representative in Congress, 
from Pennsylvania, from 1811 to 1813, and 
United States Senator from 1813 to 1819. 
He died in Beaver County, Pennsylvania, 
April 12, 1S37. 

Laflin, Addison S. — He was born 

in Lee, Berkshire County, Massachusetts, 
October 24, 1823; graduated at Williams 
College in 1843 ; and, having removed to 
Herkimer County, New York, became ex- 
tensively engaged in the business of man- 
ufacturing paper. In 1857 he was elected 
to the Senate of New York ; and in 1864: 
he was elected a Representative from that 
State to the Thirty-ninth Congress, serv- 
ing as Chairman of the Committee on 
Printing. Re-elected to the Fortieth Con- 
gress, and was again placed at the head 
of the Committee on Printing, and was a 
member of that on Manutactures. He 
was also a Delegate to the " State Repub- . 
lican Convention " of 1867. 

Lahm, Samuel.— Born in Leiters- 
burg, Maryland, April 22, 1812. His edu- 
cation was limited, yet his first earnings 
were the result of teaching school. In 
March, 1835, he removed to Indiana, and 
studied law, and then settled in Ohio. In 
1837 he was elected Master in Chancery ; 
in 1842 a State Senator; at various times 
to high positions in the Militia; and to 
Congress, as a Eepresentative, in 1847, 
where he remained until 1849. 



BIOGBAPHICAL BEV0BD8. 



227 



Jjulce, William A.— Re Avas born in 
JlaryliiiKl ; graduated at Washinjiton Col- 
lege, in Pennsj'lvania ; studied law ; served 
in the Legislature of Maryland; removed 
to Mississippi; practised his profession 
there wit.'i success ; was elected to the 
Senate of that State ; and was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Mississippi, 
during the Thirty" fourth Congress. 

Lamar, Henry 6?.— He was born in 
Georgia, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1829 to 
1833. 

Lamar, L. Q. C— He is a native of 
Georgia, having been born in 1820; but 
removed to Mississippi, studied law, and 
was elected a Representative to the Thir- 
ty-fifth Congress from that State, serving 
on the Committee on Elections. Re- 
elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, 
serving on the Committee on Commerce. 
Joined the great Rebellion in 1861 ; and in 
18G7 he was appointed Professor of Law 
in Mississippi. 

Lamb, Alfred W. — He was born In 
New York, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from Missouri, form 1847 to 
1849. 

Lambert, John. — He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from New Jei\sey, 
from 1805 to 1809 ; and from 1809 to 1815 
he was a member of the United States 
Senate. During the yeais 1802 and 1803 
he performed the duties of Governor of 
New Jersey; served many years in the 
Legislature of that State; and died in 
February, 1823, aged seventy-five years. 

Lancaster, Columbia.— -He was a 

Delegate to Congress, from the Territory 
of Washington, during the years 1854 and 
1855. 

Landrum, John M.—He was born 
in Edgefield Distiict, South Carolina, July 
3, 1815; obtained the greater part of his 
education after he became of age by his 
own exertions ; graduated at the South 
Carolina College in 1842; taught school 
and studied law at the same time ; in 1845 
removed to Louisiana, and settled at 
Shreveport; and was elected a Represent- 
ative, from Louisiana, to the Thirty-sixth 
Congress, serving as a member of the 
Committee on Expenses in the Post Office 
Department. Resigned in February, 1861. 

Landry, J". Aristide. — He was born 
in Louisiana, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1851 to 
1853. 

Landy, James. — He was born in 
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, October 13, 
1813 ; received his education in his native 
city; devoted himself for a time to the oc- 



cupation of a builder; studied law, but 
abandoned the profession, and turned his 
at ention to mercantile pursuits. He has 
devoted much of his attention to the Pub- 
lic-School System of Philadelphia, and has 
held the positions of Commissioner and 
President of the Board of Scho^^l Commis- 
sioners. In 1856 he was elected a Repre- 
sentative to the Thirty-fifth Congress, 
from Pennsylvania, and was a member of 
the Committee on Commerce. 

Lane, Amos.— Tie was born in New 
York, but emigrated to the Ohio River in 
1804; was a Representative in Congress, 
from Indiana, from 1833 to 1839, having 
previously been a member of the State 
Legislature, and served one session as 
Speaker. He was a lawyer of the first 
ability, and filled a conspicuous place in 
the histoi'y of Indiana. He died in Law- 
reuceberg, in that State, in 1850. He was 
the father of J. H. Lane. 

Lane, Henry S. — He was born in 
Montgomery County, Kentucky, February 
24, 1811 ; received a good common-school 
education, and, under a tutor, some knowl- 
edge of the classics ; studied law in Ken- 
tucky, but removed to Indiana, and was 
admitted to the bar in that State; in 1837 
he was elected to the Indiana Legislature ; 
was a Representative in Congress, from 
Indiana, from 1841 to 1843; served as a 
Lieutenant-Colonel of Volunteers under 
General Taylor, in the war with Mexico, in 
1846 ; in 1850 he was elected to the United 
States Senate to contest the seat of J. D. 
Bright, but was denied the seat; in 1861 
he was elected Governor of Indiana; but 
two days after his inauguration he was 
again elected a Senator in Congress, from 
Indiana, for the term ending in 1867, serv- 
ing on the Committees on Military Affiiirs, 
Pensions, Patents and the Patent Office, 
Expenses in the Senate, and as Chairman 
of the Committee on Enrolled Bills. He 
was one of the Senators designated by the 
Senate to attend the funei'al of General 
Scott in 1866. He was also a Delegate to 
the Philadelphia "Loyalists' Convention" 
of 1866. His father was Colonel James H. 
Lane. 

Lane, James Henry. — He was born 
in Lavvrenceburg, Indiana, June 22, 1814 ; 
on reaching his majority lie was elected to 
the City Council of Lawrenceburg, and 
frequently re-elected; in a subordinate 
capacity he took part in the war with Mex- 
ico ; in 1849 he was Lieutenant-Governor 
of Indiana; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Indiana, from 1853 to 1855; 
settled in Kansas and took an active part 
in politics ; he was President of the To- 
peka "Constitutional Convention," and 
was elected by the people Major-General 
of the Free State troops ; in 1857 he was 
President of the Leavenworth " Constitu- 
tional Convention," and again chosen Ma- 



228 



BIOGBAPEIGAL BECOBDS. 



jor-General of the territorial troops ; on 
the admission of Kansas into tlie Union he 
was chosen a Senator in Congress, serv- 
ing on the Committees on Indian Affairs, 
and Agriculture ; and he was re-elected for 
the term ending in 1871, serving as Chair- 
man of the Committee on Agriculture, and 
a member of that on Territories. During 
the early part of the Rebellion he was 
commissioned, by President Lincoln, a 
Brigadier-General of Volunteers ; and was 
a member of the "Baltimore Convention" 
of 1864. On the 1st of July, 1866, while at 
Fort Leavenworth, on leave of absence 
from tlie Senate on account of deranged 
health, he shot himself with a pistol, and 
thus came to his death. He was a son of 
Amos Lane. 

Lane, Joseph. — Born in Buncombe 
County, North Carolina, December 14, 
1801. In his flfteenth year he became a 
clerlv in a mercantile house in Indiana, and 
in 1822 was chosen a member of the Leg- 
islature of that State, serving in that ca- 
pacity, with occasional intervals, until 
1846. He participated in the war with 
Mexico, acquitting himself witli credit at 
Buena Vista and on other fields, and was 
appointed, by President Poll? , a Brigadier- 
General. In 1849 he was appointed Gov- 
ernor of the Territory of Oregon, without 
his solicitation, and organized the govern- 
ment ; and was elected a Delegate to Con- 
gress, in 1851, where he was retained by 
his constituents until the admission of 
Oregon as a State, when he took his seat 
as a Senator in Congress in 1859, serving 
as such until 1861. In 1860 he was nomi- 
nated for Vice-President on the ticket 
with Mr. Breckinridge, but was defeated. 

Langdon, Chauncey. — He gradu- 
ated at Yale College in 1787 ; was a Eep- 
resentative in Congress, from Vermont, 
from 1815 to 1817, and died in 1830. He 
also served seven years in the Legislature 
of the State, and was a State Councillor 
for nine years. 

Langdon, John. — He was educated 
for mercantile pursuits, and afterwards 
prosecuted business on the sea, until the 
commencement of the controversy with 
Great Britain. He was one of the party 
which removed the powder and military 
stores from Fort William and Mary, at 
New Castle, New Hampshire, in 1774. In 
1775 and 1776 he was chosen a Delegate to 
Congress from New Hampshire. Com- 
manding a company of volunteers, he 
served, for awhile, in Vermont and Rhode 
Island. In his own State, ha was, in 1776 
and 1777, Speaker of the House, and Judge 
of the Court of Common Pleas, In 1779 
he was Continental Agent in New Hamp- 
shire, and contracted for the building of 
several ships of war. In 1783 he was 
again appointed a Delegate to Congress ; 
was afterwards repeatedly a member of 



the Legislature, and Speaker; and was a 
member of the Convention that framed 
the Constitution, signing his name to that 
instrument. In March, 1788, he was chosen 
Governor of the State, and from 1789 to 
1801 he was Senator of tiie United States, 
and President of the Senate pro Um. dur- 
ing the First Congress, and part of the 
Second. He was one of those who voted 
for locating the Seat of Government on 
the Potomac. From 1805 to 1808, and 
again in 1810 and 1811, he was Governor 
of the State. He died in Portsmouth, Sep- 
tember, 18, 1819, aged seventy-eight. 

Langdon, Woodburi/.—H.e was a 

Delegate, from New Hampshire, to the 
Continental Congress, in 1779 and 1780; 
was a Councillor from 1781 to 1784; a 
Judge of the Supreme Court of New Hamp- 
shire in 1782, and from 1786 to 1790; and 
died January 13, 1805, aged sixty-five 
years. 

Langworthy, Edward,— Re was a 

Delegate, from Georgia, to the Continen- 
tal Congress, from 1777 to 1779, and was 
ore of the signers of the Articles of Con- 
federation. 

Lanman, James, — Born in Norwich, 
Connecticut, June 14, 1769 ; graduated at 
Yale College, in 1788; studied law, and 
Avas admitted to the bar in 1791, and set- 
tled as a lawyer in his native town; he 
was a member of the Convention which 
formed the first Constitution of Connecti- 
cut in 1818 ; served two years in the Lower 
House of the Legislature in 1817 and 1832, 
and one year as a State Senator in 1819; 
and was for five j'ears Attorney for the 
State, for New London County, from 1814 
to 1819, acquiring great local distinction 
by his abilities. He was elected a Sena- 
tor in Congress, serving from 1819 to 1825, 
during one Congress as Chairman of the 
Committees on Post Offices and Post 
Roads, and Contingent Expenses of the 
Senate, and voted with the South on the 
Missouri Compromise; during tlie Sev- 
enteenth Congress, he was at one time 
member of four committees, viz., that of 
Commerce and Manufactures, the Militia, 
District of Columbia, and the Contingent 
Expenses of the Senate. He was appoint- 
ed, by the Governor, to a second term in 
the Senate, during the recess of the Leg- 
islature and before the vacancy occurred, 
and, by a small majority, the Senate de- 
cided that the appointment was without 
authority of law. He was subsequently 
Judge of the Supreme and Superior Courts 
of Connecticut ; for three years, from 1826 
to 1829, and from 1881 to 1834 he was 
Mayor of Norwich, where he died August 
7, 1841. 

Lansing, Gerit T".— He was born 
in Albany, New York, in 1783 ; served four 
years In the Legislature of that State, 



BIOGEAPHICAL BECOBDS. 



229 



and was a Eepvesentative in Congress, 
from New York, from 1831 to 1837. He 
was for many years Chaucelior of the 
Board of Regents of the University of 
New York; and died at Albany, January 
3, 1862. 

Lansing, John.—Ke was a Dele- 
gate, from New York, to the Continental 
Congress, from 1784 to 1788; and a;lso a 
member of the Convention that formed 
the Federal Constitution, which he op- 
posed, and consequently left the Conven- 
tion, defining his position in a published 
letter, 

Lansing, fFilliam JE.—Was born 
in t!ie town of Sullivan, Madison County, 
New York, in 1822; studied law at Utica, 
and commenced the practice in 1845; in 
1850 he was elected District Attorney of 
Madison County ; in 1857, Clerk of the 
same county; and in 1860 he was elected 
a Representative, from New York, to the 
Thirty-seventh Congress, serving as a 
member of the Committee on Indian Af- 
fairs. 

Laporte, John, — He was born in 

Pennsylvania, and was a Representative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1833 to 
1837. 

Lamed, Simon. — He was a native 
of Massachusetts; served as Colonel of 
Militia; was for a time Sheriff of Berk- 
shire County; was a Representative in 
Congress, from Massachusetts, for the 
unexpired term of T. J. Skinner; and 
died in Rittsfleld, November 16, 1817, aged 
sixty-one years. 

Larrabee, Charles Jff.— Born in 
Rome, Oneida County, New York, Novem- 
ber 1), 1820; when quite young accompa- 
nied his father to Ohio, and was educated 
at Granville College ; after devoting some 
attention to practical engineering, he 
studied law, and was admitted to the bar 
in 1841, at Pontotoc. Mississippi ; in 1844 he 
settled in Chicago, Illiuois, and edited for 
a time the "Democratic Advocate ;" served 
one term as City Advocate for Chicago ; 
in 1347 he settled in Wisconsin, and be- 
came a member of the Convention to form 
a State Constitution; in 1848 he was elect- 
ed a Circuit Judge, and, after serving ten 
years, resigned, and was elected a Repre- 
sentative, from Wisconsin, to the Thirty- 
sixth Congress, serving as a member of 
the Committee on Expenses in the War 
Department. He subsequently entered the 
array in the volunteer service, and had 
command, as Colonel, of a regiment from 
his State. 

La Sere, Emile. — He was born in 
Louisiana, and was a Representative in 
Congress from that State, from 18iG to 



1847, and also for the two following terms, 
ending in 1851. 

Latham, George R.—Bomin'Pemce 

William County, Virginia, March 9, 1832; 
educated at country schools and at home ; 
studied law, while teaching school, and 
was admitted to the bar in 1859 ; edited a 
campaign paper at Grafton, West Virginia, 
in i860; entered the army in 1861 as Cap- 
tain, and was made Colonel of the Second 
Virginia Infantry; and he was elected a 
Representative, "from West Virginia, to 
the Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the 
Committees on Printing, and Public Build- 
ings and Grounds. In February, 1867, he 
was appointetl by President Johnson Con- 
sul to Melbourne, Australia. 

Latham, Milton S.—Was born in 
Columbus, Ohio, May 23, 1827 ; graduated 
at Jeffersoii College, Pennsylvania, in 
1845 ; soon afterwards removed to Alaba- 
ma, where he studied law; was appointed 
in 1848, Clerk of the Circuit Court for 
Russell County ; removed to California in 
1850, and was there appointed Clerk of the 
Recorder's Court in San Francisco ; he was 
soon afterwards chosen District Attorney 
for the Counties of Sacramento and El 
Dorado, which he held in 1851. In 1853 
he was elected a Representative, from Cal- 
ifornia, to the Tliirt3--seventh CongTess, 
declining a re-election ; he was appointed, 
in 1855, by President Pierce, Collector of 
San Francisco, which office he held until 
1857 ; having been elected Governor of 
California, three days after his inaugura- 
tion, in January, 1860, he was elected a 
Senator in Congress, from California, for 
six years, serving on the Committees on 
Military Affairs, and on Post-Offices and 
Post Roads. 

Lathrop, Sam,uel.— Born in Hamp- 
den County, Massachusetts, in 1771 ; grad- 
uated at Yale College in 1792 ; studied law 
and attained a high position at the bar; 
was a Representative in Congress, from 
Massachusetts, from 1818 to 1826. He 
was also a member of the Massachu- 
setts Senate for ten years, and President 
of that body in 1829 and 1830. He died in 
West Springfield, July 11, 1846. 

Latim,er, Henry. — He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Delaware, 
from 1794 to 1795, and a Senator in Con- 
gress from 1795 to 1801, when he resigned. 

Lattimore, William,.— Born in Nor- 
folk, Virginia, February 9, 1774, where he 
received a limited education ; he studied 
medicine; removed to the Territory of 
Mississippi; and was a Delegate to Con- 
gress, from that Territory, from 1803 to 
1807. and from 1813 to 1817. He was also 
a Delegate to the Convention which 
formed the first Constitution of Missis- 



230 



BIOGBAPHICAL BECOBDS. 



sippi; after which he retired to private 
life, and died April 3, 1843. 

Laurens, Henry. — He wa? born in 
South Carolina, and was an early opponent 
of Great Britain; was a member of the 
Carolina Congress of 1775, and elected its 
President; was Vice-President under the 
temporary Constitution ; was a Delegate 
to the Continental Congress, from 1777 to 
1780, and chosen President of that body 
during the former year, and signed the Ar- 
ticles of Confederation ; in 1780 he was sent 
abroad to negotiate a loan with Holland, 
but, having been captured by a British 
vessel off Newfoundland, he was sent to 
England and imprisoned in the Tower, 
for more than a year, for high treason. 
The papers taken from his person caused 
a war between England and PloUand. He 
petitioned Parliament for release, and 
when set at liberty went to Paris, where 
he signed the preliminaries of peace in 
1782, as a Commissioner appointed by 
Congress; returned to America in 1783, 
and died in Charleston in 1792, in the six- 
ty-ninth year of his age. 

Law, tTohn. — "Was born in New Lon- 
don, Connecticut, in 1796; graduated at 
Yale College in 1814; studied law, and 
was admitted to practice in the Supreme 
Court of Connecticut, in 1817, and soon 
afterwards emigrated to the new State of 
Indiana, locating himself at Vincennes. 
Soon after arriving in the West he was 
elected a Prosecuting Attorney, and in 
1823 a member of the Legislature ; he was 
again elected Attorney for his district, 
and held that position until promoted to 
a Judgeship, which office he held by re- 
elections for eight years. In 1838 he was 
appointed by President Van Bureu Ee- 
ceiver of Public Moneys at Vincennes, 
holding the office four years. In 1855 he 
was appointed by President Pierce Judge 
of the " Court of Land Claims," to adju- 
dicate the claims of the old inhabitants of 
Indiana and Illinois, and was reappointed 
in 1856. He subsequently removed to 
Evansville, w^here he resumed the practice 
of his profession. In 1860 he was elected 
a Representative, from Indiana, to the 
Thirty-seventh Congress, serving on the 
Committees on the Librarj"-, and on Revo- 
lutionary Pensions. Like Mr. Charles F. 
Adams, Mr. John Law can mention the 
fact, with excusable pride, that his father, 
Lyman Law, as well as his grandfather, 
Richard Law, both served their country 
as members of Congress, and witnessed 
the same events in our country's history. 
Amasa Learned, who was also his grand- 
father on his mother's side, was in the first 
Congress that sat under the Constitution. 
He was re-elected to the Thirty-eighth 
Congress, serving on the Committees on 
Agriculture and Revolutionary Pensions, 
and tlie Select Committee on Emigration. 
As Chairman on the Committee on Pen- 



sions, he drew up and reported the bill 
giving to the soldiers of the Revolution, 
twelve only surviving, one hundred dol- 
lars per annum, which bill passed unani- 
mously. He is partial to historical studies, 
and was President of the State Historical 
Society of Indiana, until his entrance into 
Congress. 

LUw, Lyman. — Born at New Lon- 
don, Connecticut, August 19, 1770; grad- 
ated at Yale College, in 1791 ; studied law 
with his father Richard Law (who was a 
member of the Continental Congress), and 
practised at New London. After serving 
in the Legislature of the State, and being 
Speaker of the House of Representatives, 
he was elected to Congress, and repre- 
sented that State in that body from 1811 
to 1817. He died in New London, Febru- 
ry 3, 1842. 

Law, MicJiard.—Bovn at Milford, 
Connecticut, March 17, 1733; graduated at 
Yale College in 1751 ; studied law, and 
practised in New London, attaining the 
highest eminence in his profession. He 
was President Judge of the County Court, 
and Judge of the Supreme Court. Was a 
Delegate to the Continental Congress from 
1777 to 1778, and also from 1781 to 1784. 
After the adoption of the Federal Consti- 
tution he was appointed United States 
District Judge, which office he held till 
his death,which occurred January 26, 1806. 

Lawler, tfoab. — Born in North Caro- 
lina, June 12, 1796; was educated for the 
ministry, and became a clergyman of the 
Baptist Church. In 1826 he was elected 
to the lower house of the Alabama Legis- 
lature, and was re-elected until 1831, in 
which year he was elected to the State 
Senate. In 1832 he was appointed Re- 
ceiver of Public Moneys for the Coosa 
Land District, and held the office until 
1835. In 1833 he was elected Tieasurer 
of the University of Alabama. He was a 
Representative in Congress, from Ala- 
bama, from 1835 to 1838. He died in 
Washington, May 8, 1838, during the first 
session of his second term. 

Lawrence, Abbott.— Born in Groton, 
Massachusetts, December 16, 1792. His 
education was obtained at a district school 
and at Groton Academy ; and in 1808 he 
went to Boston and became a clerk in the 
store of his brother Amos. In 1814 he 
was admitted as a partner in the concern, 
and for many years the twain prosecuted 
a very extensive importing buisness, and 
laid the foundation of their several for- 
tunes. He was the travelling partner and 
visited Europe a number of times. He 
subsequently became one of the foremost 
men in building up American manufac- 
tures, and the flourishing city of Lawrence 
was the ofispring of his enterprise. In 
1827 he was aDele"-ate to the " ilarrisburg 



BIOGRAPHICAL BECOBDS. 



231 



Convention." He served in the Common 
' Council of Boston in 1881 ; and was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress from 1835 to 1837, 
and again in 1839 and 1840. In 1842 lie 
was appointed a Commissioner to arrange 
the Northeastern Bouudaiy Question ; 
was a Presidential Elector in 1844 ; in 
1849 he was invited by President Taylor 
into his cabinet, but declined; he subse- 
quently accepted, however, the appoint- 
ment of Minister to England, where he 
acquitted himself with credit. He founded 
a scientific school in Cambridge, and his 
gifts and bequests to various charitable 
and religious societies proved him to be a 
man of many noble qualities. Died in 
Boston, August 18, 1855. 

Lawrence, Cornelius Van Wych. 

— He was born in Flushing, Long Island, 
February 28, 1791; spent his boyhood 
working on his father's farm, and acquir- 
ing a good English education; and, on 
arriving at the age of manhood, removed to 
New York City, with which, as a business 
man, he has been identified ever since. 
He was a Kepreseutative in Congress, 
from New York City, from 1832 to""l834 ; 
for two years following he was Mayor of 
the City of New York; in 1836 President 
of the Electoral College for President; 
and for twenty years he held the honor- 
able position of President of the Bank of 
the State of New York. Among otiier 
positions of trust and responsibility which, 
with the above, have tended to give him a 
high reputation, may be mentioned the fol- 
lowing : Director of the Branch Bank of 
the United States and the Bank of Amer- 
ica, Trustee of the New Y'ork Life and 
Trust Company, and of numerous Fire and 
Marine Insurance Companies. In 1856 ill 
health compelled Mr. Lawrence to retire 
from the pursuits of active life, and he 
spent the closing years of his life in peace, 
on the spot where his ancestors have re- 
sided for two hundred years. Died at 
Flushing, February 20, 1861. 

Lawrence, George Y, —He was born 
in Washington County, Pennsylvania, in 
1818, — his father, Joseph Lawrence, 
having been in Congress before him. He 
received a liberal education, and devoted 
himself to agricultural pursuits; was 
elected to the State Legislature in 1844, 
1847, 1858, and 1859, and to the State Sen- 
ate in 1848, 1849, 1850, 1851, and 18G0, offi- 
ciating as Speaker during the last term ; 
frequently served in the Conventions of 
the State; and in 1864 he was elected a 
Representative, from Pennsylvania, to the 
Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the 
Committees on Agriculture, and Invalid 
Pensions. He was also a Delegate to the 
Philadelphia " Loyalists' Convention " 
of 1866 ; and re-elected to the Fortieth 
Congress, serving on the Committee on 
the Post OiSce. 



Lawrence, John. — He was born in 
the County of Cornwall, England, in 1750, 
and emigrated to the City of New York in 
1767. He studied law, and was admitted 
to the bar in 1772, and in 1775 was commis- 
sioned in the First New York llegiment, 
and served to the end of the Revolutionary 
war, his several grades having been Aide- 
de-camp to his relative. Colonel McDou- 
gul. Judge Advocate, and General, in 
which latter capacity he conducted the 
court-martial called to try Major Andre. 
In 1783 he resumed the practice of his 
profession in New York. In 1785 and 
1786 he was a member of the First Con- 
gress. In 1789 he was elected a State 
Senator, and during that year was elected, 
by a five-sixths vote, a Representative in 
the Federal Congress, serving from 1789 
to 1793 ; was appointed by Washington, 
in 1794, Judge of the United States Dis- 
trict Court for New York; and was a Sen- 
ator in Congress from 1796 to 18U0, serv- 
ing for a short time as President pro tern. 
of that body, when he resigned, and retired 
to pi'ivate life. He died in 1810. 

Lawrence, John W,—E.e was bora 
in New York ; served two years in the As- 
sembly of that State, from Queen's County, 
and was a Representative in Congress 
from 1845 to 1847. 

Lawrence, Joseph. — He was born 
in Adams County, Pennsylvania, in 1788 ; 
he served for nine years in the State Legis- 
lature, two sessions as Speaker; one year 
as State Trcjisurcr; and was a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from Pennsylvania, 
from 1825 to 1829, and again from 1841 to 
the time of his death, which occurred in 
Washington, District of Columbia, April 
17, 1842. 

Lawrence, Samuel. — He was born 
in New l''ork; served seven years in the 
Assembly of that State; and was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from the same, from 
1823 to 1825. 

Lawrence, Sidney. — He was born 
in Vermont, but removed to New York, 
and was elected a Representative in Con- 
gress, from that State, from 1847 to 1849. 

Lawrence, Wllliatn. — Born in 
Washington, Guernsey County, Ohio, Sep- 
tember 2, 1814; graduated at Jeflersou 
College, Pennsylvania, in September, 1835 ; 
engaged in mercantile and agricultural 
pursuits ; aud served in the Ohio Legis- 
lature in 1843. He was a Presidential 
Elector in 1848 ; a member of the Consti- 
tutional Convention of Ohio in 1850-'51 ; 
State Senator in 1856-57; and elected a 
Representative to the Thirty-fifth Con- 
gress, officiating as Chairman of the Com- 
mittee on Expenditures in the State De- 
partment. 



232 



BIOaBAPHICAL BEC0BD8. 



Laivrence, William, — Bora in 

Mount Pleasaat, Jeffei'sou County, Ohio, 
June 23, 1819 ; graduated at Franklin Col- 
lege, Ohio, in 1838; taught scliool for a 
time, and in 1840 graduated with the de- 
gree of L.B. in the Law Department of 
Cincinnati College, coming to the bar in 
that year ; for one year he was a reporter 
and correspondent at Columbus for the 
" State Journal " and other papers ; in 1842 
he was appointed Commissioner of Bank- 
rupts for Logan County; in 1845 he was 
made Prosecuting Attorney for the same 
County, resigning in one year; from ISlo 
to 1847 he was the editor and proprietor of 
the "Logan Gazette;" in 1846 and 1847 
he served in the State Legislature; in 1848 
was a member of the Senate; in 1851 he 
Avas elected Reporter for the Supreme 
Court of the State ; and in 1853 was again 
I'eturned to the Senate, and was the author 
of the Ohio Free Banking Law. In 1856 
he was elected a Judge of the Court of 
Common Pleas for Ave years ; re-elected 
in 1861, but resigned in 1864, when he 
was elected a Representative from Ohio 
to the Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on 
the Committee on the Judiciary. During 
a part of his legal career he was editor of 
the " Western Law Monthly ; " in 1862 he 
had command, as Colonel, of the Eighty- 
fourth Ohio Volunteers fur three months; 
and in 1863 President Lincoln appointed 
him a Judge in Florida, which he declined. 
He was also a Delegate to thePliiiadelphia 
" Loyalists' Convention " of 1866 ; and was 
re-elected to the Fortieth Congress. 

Laivrence, William T.— Born in 

New York City, May 7, 1788 ; he was bred 
a merchant, and continued such until 
called into the service of the United 
States, in the war of 1812, as a Militia 
Captain of Artillery. In 1S23 he removed 
to Cayuga County, New York, and settled 
on a farm. In 1838, he was chosen Coun- 
ty Judge, and from 1847 to 1849 he was a 
Repi'esentative in Congress ; he also served 
as Delegate to several nominating Con- 
ventions. 

Laivyer, Thomas. — He was a mem- 
ber of the New York Assembly from 
Schoharie County, in 1816, and was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from New York, 
from 1817 to 1819. 

Lay, George W. — He Avas born in 
New York; liberally educated; a lawyer 
by profession ; and was a member of the 
New York Assembly, from Genesee Coun- 
ty, in 1840, having been a Representative 
in Congress from 1833 to 1837. He was 
also appointed Charge d' Affaires to Swe- 
den, by President Tyler, in 1842. Died at 
Batavia, New York, October 21, 1860. 

Lazear, Jesse.— Was born in Greene 
County, Pennsylvania, December 12, 1804 ; 
received liis early education from his par- 



ents, and worked on a fiirra until he be- 
came of age ; served as a Clerk in the Re- 
corder's office ; in 1829 and 1832 he was 
appointed Register and Recorder for his 
County; and since that time (until 1864) 
he has held the position of Cashier of the 
Farmers' and Drovers' Bank of Waynes- 
burg. In 1860 he was elected a Represent- 
ative, from Pennsylvania, to the Thirty- 
seventh Congress, serving on the Commit- 
tee on Private Land Claims, and Chairman 
of that on Expenditures on the Public 
Buildings ; and in 1862 he was re-elected 
to the Thirty -eighth Congress, serving on 
the Conmiittee on Public Expenditures, 
and again on that relating to Public Build- 
ings. He was also a Delegate to the Piiil- 
adelphia "National Union Convention" 
of 1866. • 

Lea, Lu7ce.—TS.e was born in Surry 
County, North Carolina, January 26, 1782; 
removed at an early day with his father to 
Tennessee, where he was for several years 
Clerk of the House of Representatives ; he 
served gallantly in Florida and in the 
Creek country, under General Jackson, in 
the Indian wars. He was a Representa- 
tive in Congress, from Tennessee, from 
1833 to 1837, and for thirty years dis- 
charged the duties of Cashier of the State 
Bank, and Register of the State Land Office 
of Tennessee. In 1849 he was appointed, by 
President Tayloi', Indian Agent of the Fort 
Leavenworth Agency, and was highly es- 
teemed by the Indians under his charge. 
He was returning to his residence, after 
making the Indian payments of his agen- 
cy, when he was killed by a fall from his 
horse, June 17, 1851. 

Lea, Pryor, — Born in Knox County, 
Tennessee, in 1794; was educated at 
Greenville College ; studied law as a pro- 
fession, and was admitted to the bar in 
1817. He served with General Jackson in 
the Creek war in 1813; was Clerk to the 
Legislature in 1816; United States Dis- 
trict Attorney in 1824; and a Representa-^ 
live in Congress, from Tennessee, from 
1827 to 1831. In 1837 he removed to Jack- 
son, Mississippi, and in 1847 to Goliad, 
Texas. He projected the work called the 
" Central Transit," for building a railroad 
from Arkansas Bay to Mazatlan, and was 
President of the Company. 

Leach, De Witt C— Born in Clar- 
ence, Erie County, New York, November 
23, 1822. He was self-educated ; bred a 
farmer ; chosen a member of the Michigaa 
Legislature in 1849 and 1850 ; and a mem- 
ber of the Convention to revise the State 
Constitution in 1850; he was also State 
Librarian in 1855 and 1856; and vvaselectr 
ed a Representative to the Thirty-flfth 
Congress, from Michigan, serving as a 
member of the Committee on Revisal and 
Unfinished Business; also elected to the 



BIOGBAPHICAL BECOBDS. 



233 



Thirtj'-sixth Congress, serving on the 
Committee on Indian Aflairs. 

Leach, Jatnes M. — Born in Lands- 

dovvne, Ilandolpli County, North Carolina; 
received a good classical education ; stud- 
ied law, and was admitted to the bar in 
1842; served ten years in the Legislature 
of North Carolina; and in 1859 was 
elected a Represe.ntative, from that State, 
to the Thirty-sixth Congress, serving as 
a member of the Committee on Revolu- 
tionary Claims. 

Leadbetter, D. JP. — He was born in 
Pennsylvania, and, having removed to 
Ohio, was elected a Representative in 
Congress, from 1837 to 1841. 

ZicaJce, SJieMon JP, — Born in Albe- 
marle County, Virginia, November 30, 
1812; received a good English educa- 
tion; taught for three 3'ears an "old field 
school;" studied law, and in his twenty- 
fifth year was admitted to the bar; in 
1842 he was elected to the Virginia Qouse 
of Delegates ; was a Representative in 
Congress, from Virginia, from 1845 to 
1847 ; was a Presidential Elector in 181'.^ ; 
in 1851 he was elected Lieutenant-Gover- 
nor of Virginia; was a candidate for Gov- 
ernor in 1854, but was defeated ; and in 
1859 he was re-elected to the Federal 
House of Representatives for the Thirt}'- 
sixth Congress, serving as a member of 
the Committee on Manufactures. Took 
part in the Rebellion. 

Tiedke, Walter. — He was a soldier 
in the Revolutionary Avar; in 1821 was 
elected Governor of Mississippi, having 
previously served as Senator of the 
United States from 1817 to 1820. He 
died at Mount Salus, Hinds County, Mis- 
sissippi, November 17, 1825. 

Learned, A^nasa.— Born in Kil- 
lingly, Connecticut, November 15, 1750, 
and died at New London, May 4, 1825. 
He graduated at Yale College in 1772; 
studied divinity, but preached for only a 
short time, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from Connecticut, from 1801 to 
1805. He had been a member of the Con- 
vention which ratified the Constitution 
of the United States ; in 1818 was a mem- 
ber of the Connecticut " Constitutional 
Convention ; " and afterwards frequently 
sat in the Assembly of his native State. 

Learij, Cornelius L. L. — Boru in 
Baltimore, October 22, 1813; was edu- 
cated at St. Mary's College, in that city ; 
in 1835 he engaged in business in Louis- 
ville, Kentucky, but returned to Baltimore 
in 1837 ; in 1838 he was chosen a Delegate 
to the Maryland Assembly; in 1847 he 
came to the bar; was a Presidential Elec- 
tor in 1856; and in 1861, at a special elec- 
tion, he was elected a Representative, 



from Maryland, to the Thirty-seventh 
Congress, serving on the Committee on 
Commei'ce. 

Leavitt, Hu^nphrey H.—tle was 
born in Suffield, Connecticut, in June, 
1796; removed at an early day with his 
father to the Western Reserve of Ohio; 
received an academical education ; and 
adopted the profession of the law, having 
been admitted to the bar in 1816; and he 
was a Representative in Congress from 
1831 to 1834. He also served in the State 
Legislature, — in the House in 1825 and 
1826, and in the Senate in 1827; and he 
has for many years been Judge of the Dis- 
tiict Court of Ohio, having been appointed, 
in 1834, by President Jackson. 

Le Blond, Francis C. — Was born 
in Ohio, and adopted the profession of 
law ; in 1851 he was elected for two years 
to the State Legislature; was re-elected 
in 1853, and served as Speaker of that 
body ; and in 1862 he was elected a Rep- 
resentative, from Ohio, to the Thirty- 
eighth Congress, serving on the Commit- 
tee on Public Expenditures. Re-elected 
to the Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on 
the Committees on Naval Affairs, and Ex- 
penditures on the Public Buildings. 

Lecotnpte, J'oseph. — He was born in 
Woodford County, Kentucky ; and was a 
Representative in Congress, from Ken- 
tucky, from 1825 to 1833. 

Lee, Arthur. — He was born in Vir- 
ginia in 1740; educated at the University 
of Edinburgh, where he pursued the study 
of medicine ; and while pursuing the study 
of law in the Temple, in London, rendered 
important services to his country by ob- 
taining information bearing upon the Rev- 
olution. In 1775 he acted as an agent for 
his native State and presented to the king 
the second petition of Congress ; from 
1776 to 1779 he was Minister to France, 
and negotiated an important treaty ; also 
performed the duties of Commissioner to 
Spain in 1777; resided in Prussia for a 
time in a semi-official capacity, and did 
much there to help the American cause; 
in 1781 he was elected to the Assembly of 
Virginia, but was immediately chosen a 
Delegate to the Continental Congress, 
where he remained until 1785; before the 
expiration of his term in Congress, he was 
delegated to make several treaties with 
the Indians on the Northern frontier; 
soon after leaving Congress, he was ap- 
pointed Secretary of the Treasury, which 
oflice he held until 1789; and 'he died 
in 1792. He stood high as a man of 
integrity and patriotism. His life was 
published in 1829 by R. H. Lee, and his 
Public Letters were published in Sparks's 
Diplomatic Correspondence. 

Lee, Francis Light foot. —Bom in 



234 



BIOGBAPHIOAL BECOBDS. 



Westmoreland County, Virginia, Octo])er 
14, 1734, and was the brother of Richard 
Henry Lee ; he was well educated by pri- 
vate tutors ; in 1765 and 1766 he was 
elected to the House of Burgesses, and 
was a strong advocate of equal rights ; 
was a Delegate to the Continental Con- 
gress from 1775 to 1780, and signed tlie 
Declaration of Independence, and also 
the Articles of Confederation ; served in 
the State Legislature; and, after retiring 
to private life, died in April, 1797. 

Lee, Gideon, — He was born in Am- 
herst, Massachusetts, in 1777; in early 
life removed to the City of New York, 
where he became a leather merchant, and 
amassed a large fortune. He was at one 
time Mayor of New York, a Presidential 
Elector, and a member of Congress dur- 
ing the years 1836 and 1837. He died at 
Geneva, New York, August 21, 1841. 

Lee, Henry. — Born in Virginia, Jan- 
uary 29, 1756, and graduated at Princeton 
College in 1773. In 1776 he was appointed 
a Captain of Cavalry, under Colonel Bland, 
and in September, i777, hejoined the main 
array. His skill in discipline and gallant 
bearing attracted the notice of Washing- 
ton, and he was soon promoted to the 
rank of Major, with the command -of a 
separate corps of cavalry, and then ad- 
vanced to the rank of Lieutenant-Colonel. 
From 1780 to the end of the war he served 
Tinder Greene. The services of Lee's 
Legion in various actions were very 
Important. He particularly distinguished 
himself in the battle of Guilford ; after- 
wards, he succeeded in capturing Fort 
Coruvvallis and other forts; he was also 
conspicuous at Ninety-six, and at the 
Eutaw Springs. In 1786 he was appointed 
a Delegate in Congress, from Virginia, in 
wliich body he remained till the Constitu- 
tion was adopted, having, in the Conven- 
tion of Virginia, advocated its adoption. 
In 1791 he was chosen Governor of Vir- 
ginia, and remained in office three years. 
By appointment of Washington, he com- 
manded the forces sent to suppress the 
Whiskey Insurrection in Pennsylvania. 
He was a member of Congress at the pe- 
riod of Washington's death, in 1799, and 
was appointed, by Congress, to deliver a 
eulogy on the occasion. In 1801 he re- 
tired to private life, and in his last years 
he was distressed with pecuniary embar- 
rassments ; while confined in 1809 within 
the bounds of Spottsylvania County, for 
debt, he wrote his valuable "Memoirs of 
the Southern Campaigns." In 1814, dur- 
ing the mob at Baltimore, he was one of 
the defenders, and was severely wounded, 
and carried to the jail for safety. Re- 
turning from the West Indies, where he 
had gone for health, he died at Cumber- 
land Island, near St. Mai'y's, Georgia, 
March 25, 1818. . 



Lee, Henry B. — He was elected a 
Representative, from New York, to the 
Fifteenth Congress, but died before tak- 
ing his seat. 

Lee, tTohn. — He was a Representative 
in Congress, from Maryland, from 1823 to 

1825. 

Lee, tToshua.— He was born in New 
York, and served three years in the Legis- 
lature of that State, from Ontario and 
Yates Counties, and was a Representative 
in Congress, from New York, from 1835 
to 1837. 

Lee, M. Lindley. — Born in Mini- 
sink, Orange County, New York, May 29, 
1805 ; spent his boyhood alternately work- 
ing upon a farm in summer and attending 
the district school in winter; when six- 
teen years of age commenced an academ- 
ical course of stud}^, and graduated at 
Union College in 1827 ; and, having studied 
medicine and surgery, obtained a degree 
in 1830 from the College of Physicians and 
Surgeons of Western New York. AVhile 
devoting himself to his profession, he 
was appointed Postmaster of Fulton, 
Orange County, New York, serving from 
1840 to 1844; he was elected in 1846 and 
1847 to the Assembly of New York; sub- 
sequently held the position, for three 
terms, of Commissioner of Loans for the 
State ; was a member of the State Senate 
in 1855 ; and in 1858 was elected a R(^p- 
resentative to the Thirty-sixth Congress, 
from New York, serving as a member of 
the Committee on Post OfHces and Post 
Roads. He was also a Delegate to the 
New York "Constitutional Convention" 
of 1867. 

Lee, MicJiard Bland.— He was a. 

native of Vii'ginia, and a Representative 
in Congress from 1789 to 1795; he 
was one of those who voted for locating 
the Seat of Government on the Potomac; 
and died in 1827. 

Lee, Richard Henry. — Was born 

at Stratford, Westmoreland County, Vir- 
ginia, January 20, 1732, and was educated 
at Wakefield, Yorkshire, England. He 
had a seat in the House of Burgesses of 
Virginia, in 1757, and- proposed there, in 
1773, the formation of a Committee of 
Correspondence. He had the honor of 
originating the first resistance to British 
oppression, in the time of the Stamp Act, 
in 1765. He Avas a member of the first 
Congress, in 1774, and in October pre- 
pared the draft of the memorial to the 
people of British America. In accord- 
ance with instructions from the "Virginia 
Convention," he first proposed in Con- 
gress a Declaration of Independence, i 
June 7, 1776, and a Committee was ap- 
pointed to prepare it; and he was a signer 
of the adopted Declaration of Indepen- 



BIOGBAPIIICAL BECOBDS. 



235 



dence, and of the Articles of Confeder- 
ation. Ttie second eloquent address to 
the people of Great Britain was drawn up 
by liim ; and after the adoption of the 
Articles of Confederation he withdrew 
from Congress, but was re-elected in 1784, 
and chosen President of that body, serv- 
ing till 1787. He contended for the neces- 
sity of amendments to the Constitution 
.previously to its adoption in 1789; and 
was a Senator in Congress, from Virginia, 
ftom 1789 to 1792, serving one session as 
President pro tern, of that body. He was 
one of those who voted for locating the 
Seat of Government on the Potomac. He 
was the author of a number of political 
pamphlets, and his correspondence was 
published in 1825. He died at Chautilly, 
"Westmoreland County, Virginia, June 9, 
1794. 

Lee, Silas. — He graduated at Harvard 
University in 1784 ; served in the Massa- 
chusetts Legislature in 1793, 1797, and 
1798 ; was a Representative in Congress, 
from Massachusetts, from 1799 to 1802; 
Judge of Probate from 1805 to 1814; for 
some years Chief Judge of the Court of 
Common Pleas; and he was appointed, by 
President Adams, United States District 
Attorney for Maine. Died in 1814. 

Lee, Thomas. — He was a Eepresent- 
ative in Congress, from New Jersey, from 
1833 to 1837 ; and died at Port Elizabeth, 
November 2, 1855. 

Zice, Thoinas Sim. — He was born in 
1744; was Governor of Maryland from 
1779 to 1783; a Delegate to the Conti- 
nental Congress in 1783 and 1784; Avas a 
member of the Convention which formfed 
the Federal Constitution; was again Gov- 
ernor from 1792 to 1794; and died in 
1810. 

JLeet, Isaac— ^ovw in Pennsylvania 
in 1802 ; was for several years in the Sen- 
ate of that State ; a Representative in Con- 
gress from 1829 to 1831 ; and died at Wash- 
ington, Pennsylvania, June 10, 1844. 

Ijefevre, Joseph.— He was aRepi-e- 
sentative in Congress, from Pennsylvania, 
from 1811 to 1813. 

Tiefferts, John. — He was a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from New York, from 
1813 to 1815; a member of the" State Con- 
stitutional Convention " of 1821 ; and a 
State Senator from 1822 to 1825. 

Leffler, Isaac. — Born in Washington 
County, Pennsylvania, in November, 1788 ; 
■was educated at Jefferson College ; studied 
law, and settled in Wheeling, Virginia; 
in 1817 was elected to the Virginia Legis- 
lature, where he served eight years ; in 
1827 was elected a member of the Board 
of Public Works j and he was a Eepresent- 



ative in Congress, from Virginia, from 
1827 to 1829. In 1832 again elected to the 
Virginia Legislature; in 1835 removed to 
Burlington, Iowa ; served two years in the 
Legislature of Wisconsin Territory ; one 
j'ear as Speaker; one year in the Legisla- 
ture of Iowa; in 1843 was appointed Mar- 
shal of Iowa; in 184!) Register of the Land 
Office at Stillwater, but declined ; in 1852 
appointed Receiver of the same office, 
whence he was removed for opinion's 
sake. 

Leffler, Shepherd. — He was born in 
Pennsylvania; and was a Representative 
in Congress, from Iowa, from 1846 to 
1851. 

Leftwich, Jabez.—Re was born in 
Bedford County, Virginia, and was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from that State, 
from 1821 to 1825. 

Leftwich, John TJT.— He was born 
in Bedford County, Virginia, September 
7, 1826; graduated at the Jefferson Medi- 
cal College in Philadelphia in 1850 ; subse- 
quently settled in Memphis, Tennessee, as 
a merchant and cotton factor; and in 1865 
he was elected a Eepresentative, from 
Tennessee, to the Thirty-ninth Congress, 
taking his seat near the close of the first 
session of that Congress, and serving on 
the Committee on Indian Affairs. He was 
also a Delegate to the Philadelphia " Na- 
tional Union Convention " of 1866. 

Legare, Hugh Swinton.—JIe was 
born at Charleston, South Carolina, Janu- 
ary 2, 1797 ; graduated at the College of that 
State in 1814, and, after having studied 
law, went to Europe, where he remained 
until 1820, occupied with the pursuits 
of literature. On his return to Charles- 
ton he devoted himself to the practice 
of his profession and to agricultural pur- 
suits. In 1830 he was appointed Attorney- 
General of the State, and was the princi- 
pal editor of the " Southern Review." In 
1832 he was appointed Charge d'Affaires 
of the United States to Belgium; from 
1837 to 1839 was a Representative of his 
native State in Congress; and in 1841 was 
appointed Attorney-General of the United 
States by President Tyler, and also Acting 
Secretary of State. He died, suddenly, at 
Boston, June 20, 1843, while accompany- 
ing the President in his journey to attend 
the Bunker Hill Celebration. His fine 
taste as a writer, his eminent acquire- 
ments as a scholar, and his learning and el- 
oquence as a lawyer, were known and ap- 
preciated throughout the Union. His 
writings were collected and published in 
1846. 

Lehman, William E.—^om in 
Philadelphia, August 21, 1822; graduated 
at the University of Pennsylvania in 1843; 
studied law, and, after practising with 



S36 



BIOGBAPHICAL BECOBDS. 



success, retired fromtlie bar and travelled 
in Europe. By President Polk he was ap- 
pointed an Examiner of Post Offices in 
New York and Pennsylvania, — his only 
office by appointment ; and he was elected 
a Represeatative from Pennsylvania to 
the Thirty-seventh Congress, serving as a 
member of the Committee on Accounts. 
His family was one of note in Dresden, 
his father and grandfather having acquired 
distinction in the civil and military ser- 
vice. 

Leib, Michael. — He was a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from Pennsylvania, 
from 1799 to 1806, when he resigned, and 
a Senator of the United States from 1808 
to 1814, and in the latter year he vpa's ap- 
pointed Postmaster at Philadelphia. He 
also served in the Legislature of Pennsyl- 
vania both before and after his election to 
Congress. He was also a Presidential 
Elector in 1809. Died in Philadelphia, 
December 28, 1822, aged sixty-three years. 

Leib, Owen Z). — Born in Schuylkill, 
Pennsylvania, the youngest of nine broth- 
ers; received a common-school and clas- 
sical education; studied medicine, and 
graduated at the Jefferson Medical Insti- 
tution in Philadelphia; practised his pro- 
fession in Columbia County ; and was a 
Representative in Congress, from Pennsyl- 
vania, from 1845 to 1847, serving as Chair- 
man of the Committee on Expenditures in 
the War Department. Died June 17, 
1848. 

LeidP) JPaul. — Born in Hemlock, Co- 
lumbia County, Pennsylvania, November 
21, 1813. He was educated at a common 
school; the early part, of his life was de- 
voted to agricultural pursuits ; from the 
age of sixteen to tvpenty-four he followed 
the business of a tailor; taught school, 
and, having studied law at the same time, 
has since practised that profession. He 
was for five years District Attorney for 
Montour County; for a short time Super- 
intendent of Common Schools for the same 
county ; and was elected a Representative 
to the Thirfcy-flfth Congress, from Penn- 
sylvania, serving as a member of the Com- 
mittee on Roads and Canals. 

Leigji, Benjamin Watkins.— Bora 

in Virginia in 1782, and died at Richmond, 
February 2, 1849. He was one of the 
most eminent men of his State, well 
known as a lawyer and public man. From 
1829 to 1841 he was a Reporter of the 
State; frequently a member of the House 
of Delegates ; a member of the Conven- 
tion of 1830 for revising the State Consti- 
tution; and a Senator in Congress from 
1834 to 1837. 

Lelper, George G. — He was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from Pennsyl- 
vania, from 1829 to 1831. 



Letter, Benjamin F. —He was bora 
in Leitersburg, Washington County, 
Maryland, October 13, 1813. He was 
chiefly educated by his father; taught 
school in Maryland from 1830 to 1834 ; re- 
moved to Ohio and taught there until 
1842, after which he was admitted to the 
bar and devoted himself to the practice of 
law, in which he was successful; he was 
elected to the Ohio Legislature in 1848, 
and was chosen temporary Chairman by 
the Democrats, acting as such throughout 
the long contest of that year between his 
party and the Whigs, which is now 
spoken of in Ohio as the "days of the 
revolution ; " in 1849 he Avas re-elected 
and chosen Speaker; and in 1854 he was 
elected to Congress, and re-elected to 
each successive Congress, serving as a 
member of the Committee on Indian 
Affairs. 

Lent, Jfatnes. — He was a member of 
Congress, from New York, from 1829 to 
1833, and died in Washington, February 
24, 1833. He was Chairman of the Com- 
mittee on Expenditures in the Depart- 
ment of State. 

Leonard, George. — Born in Boston, 
July 4, 1729 ; graduated at Harvard Col- 
lege in 1748 ; a Representative in Congress, 
from Massacliusetts, from 1789 to 1793, 
and from 1795 to 1797 ; a man of unusual 
wealth ; for his learning was made a Doc- 
tor of Laws ; and died at Newton, Massa- 
chusetts, July 26, 1819. His descendants 
are numerous, and many of them dis- 
tinguished. 

'Leonard, Moses G. — He was bora 
in Connecticut; was a Representative iu' 
Congress, from New York, from 1843 to 
1845; and was for several years Commis- 
sioner of Emigration iu the City of New 
York. 

Leonard, Stephen B. — He was born 
in New York; and was a Representative 
in (Congress, from that State, from 1835 to 
1837, and again from 1839 to 1841. 

Letcher, John. — Born in Lexington, 
Rockbridge County, Virginia, March 29, 
1813 ; he commenced his classical studies 
at Washington College, and completed his 
education at Randolph Macon College; 
adopted the profession of law, and was ad- 
mitted to practice in 1839; during that 
year he established, and for a time edited, 
the "Valley Star," in Lexington; was a 
member of the Convention for Reforming 
the Constitution of Virginia in 1850; and 
was elected a Representative iu the 
Thirty-second, Thirty-third, Thirtj'-fourth 
and Thirty-flfth Congresses, serving gen- 
erally as a member of the Committee on 
Ways and Means. He was, in 1859, 
elected by the democracy of Virginia, 



BIOGBArniCAL BECOBDS. 



237 



Governor of that Commonwealth. He 
■was also a Presidential Elector in 1849. 

Letcher i Mobert P. — He was born in 
Goochhiud County, Virginia; received a 
good education, and adopted the profes- 
sion of law. He served a number of j^ears 
in the State Legislature, and was at one 
time elected Speaker of the House ; was a 
Presidential Elector in 1837 ; and a Rep- 
resentative in Congress from 1823 to 1835 ; 
Governor of Kentucky from 1840 to 1844 ; 
and in 1849 was appointed Minister to 
Mexico. Died in Frankfort, Kentucky, 
January 24, 1861. 

Levin, Lewis C, — He was bom in 
Charleston, Soutli Carolina, November 10, 
1808 ; received a liberal education, having 
graduated at Columbia College, South 
Carolina ; adopted the profession of law, 
and practised the same in Maryland, Lou- 
isiana, Kentucky, and Pennsylvania; and 
was a Representative in Congress , from 
Pennsylvania, from 1845 to 1847, and again 
from 1847 to 1851, generally serving on 
the Committee on Naval Affairs. To him 
is generally awarded the credit of having 
founded, in 1843, the Native American 
party. Died at Philadelphia, March 14, 
1860. 

Letvis, Ahner. — He was born in New 
York; was a member of the Assembly of 
that State, from Chautauque County, in 
1838 and 1839, and was a Representative 
in Congress, from New York, from 1845 
to 1847. 

Lewis, L>ixon JH". — Born in Dinwid- 
dle County, Virginia, in 1802, and was 
educated at the South Carolina College. 
He studied law, removed to Alabama, and 
became eminent in his profession. He was 
an able and amiable man, and physically 
very large and fleshy; and the story is 
related of him, that, when returning home 
on one of the Southern steamers, which 
was wrecked, he refused to take a seat in 
a small boat, because the lives of several 
persons would thereby be jeopardized, and, 
though for a time he was in great danger, 
he was rescued. He represented Alabama 
in Congress from 1829 to 1843, and from 
1844 until his death was a Senator in Con- 
gress. Died in New York, October 25, 
1848. 

Lewis, Francis. — He was born in 
Llandaff, Wales, in March, 1713 ; was edu- 
cated at Westminster ; emigrated to Amer- 
ica in 1735, and settled in New York as a 
merchant. In the prosecution of his busi- 
ness he visited Russia and other parts of 
Europe ; as Agent for supplying the Brit- 
ish troops he was present at Fort Oswego 
when it surrendered to Montcalm, and as 
a prisoner he was taken to Montreal and 
France. After his release he returned to 
America ; became one of the " Sons of 



Liberty;" was a Delegate to the Conti- 
nental Congress from 1776 to 1779 ; signed 
the Articles of Confederation ; and was 
also one of the signers of the Declaration 
of Independence ; and, after a long course 
of successful business operations, died 
December 30, 1803. 

Lewis, Jr., Joseph. — He was born 
in Virginia, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1803 to 
1817. 

Lewis, Thomas. — He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Virginia, from 
October 17, 1803, to March 5, 1804, when 
his seat was successfully contested by A. 
MooTe. 

Lewis, William tT".— He was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from Virginia, 
from 1817 to 1819, 

L'Hominedieu, Ezra.— Re gradu- 
ated at Yale College in 1754 ; and Avas a 
Delegate, from New York, to the Conti- 
nental Congress, from 1779 to 1783, and 
again in 1787 and 1788. Died in 1811. 

Ligon, Thomas W. — He was born 
in Prince Edward County, Virginia ; placed 
at an early age at Hampton Sydney Col- 
lege, but flnished his education at the Uni- 
versity of Virginia. He studied law, and, 
after spending a year and a half at the Yale 
Law School, settled in Baltimore. He was 
a Representative in Congress, from Mary- 
land, from 1845 to 1849 ; having been re- 
elected for a second term ; and was elected 
in 1854 Governor of that State. 

Lilly, Samuel.— Was born in New 
York ;' adopted the medical profession; 
and was a Representative in Congress, 
from New Jersey, from 1853 to 1855. 

Lincoln, Abraham.— Re was born 
in Hardin County, Kentucky, February 12, 
1809 ; removed with his father to Indiana 
in 1816 ; received a limited education ; 
spent two yeai's at school in Stafford 
County, Virginia ; worked at rail-splitting 
for a time ; and twice visited New Orleuns 
as a boatman. Removed to Illinois in 1830, 
and turned his attention to agricultural 
pursuits ; he served as a Captain of Vol- 
unteers in the Black Hawk war; was at 
one time Postmaster of New Salem ; and 
he served four years in the Illinois Legis- 
lature, viz., 1834, 1836, 1838, and 1840, dur- 
ing which time he turned his attention 
again to the study of law with John T. 
Stuart, and settled at Springfield in the 
practice of his profession. He was a mem- 
ber of the " National Convention " which 
nominated General Taylor for President in 
1848; and was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from Illinois, from 1847 to 1849, 
serving on the Committees on the Post 
Office and Post Roads, and on Expenses 



238 



BIOGBAPHICAL REC0BD8. 



in the "War Department. In 1858 he ac- 
quired distinction by stumping the State 
of Illinois, for the United States Senate, 
again!<t S. A. Douglas : and in 18G0 he was 
nominated by the Republican Party as 
their candidate for President of the United 
States, and was duly elected to that posi- 
tion for the term commencing the 4th of 
March, 1801. By the "Baltimore Conven- 
tion," held in 18Gi, be was nominated for 
re-election to the Presidency, and was tri- 
umphantly elected. In December, 18G-1, 
the degree of LL.D. was conferred upon 
Lim by'Priuceton College. On the Uth of 
April, 1805, while seated in a private box 
at the tlieatre, he was shot in the head by 
an assassin, named .John Wilkes Booth, 
and died at seven o'clock on the following 
morning. The circumstances of his death 
filled the whole laud with horror, and the 
demonstrations to his memory were heart- 
felt and universal. His name was every- 
where mentioned, with rare kindness, as 
the "Martyred President." 

Lincoln, Enoch. — Bom in Worces- 
ter, Massachusetts, December 28, 1788; 
and, after studying law, settled in Fiye- 
burg, Maine, and afterwards removed to 
Paris. He was a member of the United 
States House of Kepresentatives, from 
Massachusetts, from 1818 to 1820, suc- 
ceeding A. K. Parris, resigned, and from 
1821 to 182G, from the new'State of Maine, 
when he was elected Governor of Maine, 
and re-elected in 1828. He published, 
while at Fryeburg, a poem, entitled •' The 
Village; " he was also the author of some 
historical recollections of Maine. He died 
at Augusta, October 8, 1829. 

Lincoln, Levi. — Bom May 15, 1749, 
at iliugiiaiii. Massachusetts; graduated at 
Harvard College in 1772, and settled as a 
lawyer in Worcester, where he rose to dis- 
tinction; was Judge of Probate; a State 
Senator in 1707; County Prosecutor in 
1775; a State Councillor in 1806, 1810, and 
• 1811 ; and he was a Kepresentative in Con- 
gress from 1799 to 1801; and during the 
administration of President Adams he 
wrote a series of political papers, called 
" Farmer's Letters." In 1801 \nf was ap- 
pointed Attornej'-General of the United 
States, and acted as Secretary of State 
until Mr. Madison reached Washington ; 
and in 1807 was Lieutenant-Governor of 
Massachusetts; acting as Governor in 
1809, after the death of Governor Sullivan. 
In 1811 he was appointed /Vssociate Judge 
of the Supreme Court, but declined the 
office. He died at Worcester, Massachu- 
setts, April 14, 1820, aged seventy-one 
years. 

Lincoln, Levi, — He was the son of 

the preceding, and was bom in Massachu- 
getts October 25, 1782; was a State Sena- 
tor in 1812; a State Kepresentative from 
1814 to 1823, and Speaker in 1822; Lieu- 



tenant-Governor of ^Iassachu!<etts in 1823 ; 
Judge of the Supreme Court of the Srate 
in 1824; a Presidential Elector in 1825; 
Collector at Boston from 1841 to 184;i; a 
State Senator in 1844 and 1845, and Presi- 
dent thereof; Mayorof Worcester in 1848; 
and Governor of Massachusetts from 1825 
to 18:J4: and from 1834 to 1841 was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress. He was a Presi- 
dential Elector in 18G4. 

Lincoln, William S.—Yle was bom 
in Newark Valley, Tioga County, Xew 
York, August 13, 1813 ; was educated for 
mercantile pursuits, and, after devoting 
his attention for many years, to merchan- 
dising, he -ijecame engaged in the manu- 
facture of leather; was Postmaster of 
Newark Valley from 1838 to 1806 ; was also 
Supervisor of the town for several j'ears; 
and in 186G he was elected a Representa- 
tive, from New York, to the Fortieth Con- 
gress, seiwing on the Committee on the 
Post Office and Post Roads. 

Lindley, James J".— Born at Mans- 
field, Ohio, .January 1, l^>22 ; went with his 
parents to Kentuck}-^ when a boy, and 
lived at Cynthiana several years; was a 
student in Woodville College, Ohio, for 
two J'ears; studied law, and located at 
Monticello, Missouri, in 1840. In 1848 he 
was elected Circuit Attorney for eight 
counties, and re-elected in 1852. He was 
a Representative, from Missouri, in the 
Thirty-third Congress, and was re-elected 
to ttie Thirty-fourth. He afterwards re- 
moved to D-avenport, Iowa, and engaged 
in the practice of his profession. 

Lindsley, William 2>. -— He was 

born in Connecticut; and, having removed 
to Ohio, was elected a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1853 to 
1855. 

Linn, Archibald L, — He was bora 

in New Vork in 1802; graduated at Union 
College; studied law in Schenectady, and 
came to the bar in that city ; was twice 
elected Mayor of the same ; was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from New York, 
from 1841 to 1843; and in 1844 he was 
elected to the State Assembly. Died in 
Grassfield, 'Havf York, October 10, 1857. 

Linn, James. — H5 graduated at 
Princeton College in 1709, and was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from New Jer- 
sey, from 1709 to 1801, when he was ap- 
pointed by President Jc'fi"erson Supervisor 
of the Revenue. He also held the orflce 
for many years of Secretary of State of 
New Jersey. Died at Trenton, Decem- 
ber 29, 1820. 

Linn, John. — He was bom in Ne\r 
Jersey, and for many years a member of 
the New Jersey Assembly, and a Kepre- 



BIOGBAPUICAL BECOEDS. 



239 



sentative in Congress, from that State, 
from 1817 to 1S21. Died January 6, 1821. 

Linn, Lewis F. — Born near Louis- 
j ville, Kentucky, November 5, 1795. He 
I was educated chiefly by an elder brother, 
and studied medicine. In 1809 he removed 
to Missouri, and in 1814 helped to tight 
the battles of his country. After success- 
fully practising his professioa, he was 
elected to the State Legislature in 1827, 
and iu 1833 was elected a Senator in 
Congress, in which capacity he served un- 
til his death, which occurred at St. Geiie- 
; vieve, Missouri, October 3, 1843. He 
proved himself to be a man of remarkable 
abilities, identifled himself throughout his 
whole career in Congress with the iuter- 
! ests of the valley of the Mississippi, and, 
when he died, many of the best men in 
i the country eulogized him for his maui- 
' fold virtues. 

Litchfield, ETisha.—Ke was horn 
in Canterbury, Connecticut, in 1793; 
served tive years in the New York Legis- 
lature from Onondaga County ; was Speak- 
er in 1848; was many years a Justice of 
the Peace at Delphi, New York ; and was a 
Kepresontative iu Congress, from New 
' York, from 1821 to 1823, and again from 
1823 to 1825. Died at Cazeuovia, New 
York, August 4, 1859. 

Little, Edward J*.— He was born 
in Massachusetts in 1788. and was a liep- 
reseutative in Congress, from that State, 
from 1852 to 1853. He was a State Rep- 
resentative from 1829 to 1834, and from 
1835 to 1838, and Collector at Plymouth 
from 1853 to 1857. 

Little, Peter.— Rew&s born in Peters- 
burg, Pennsylvania; removed to Mary- 
laud; and was elected a Representative 
iu Congress, from that State, from 1811 to 
1813, and was in the latter year appointed, 
by President Madison, Colonel of Infontry ; 
and again a Representative iu Coujjress 
from 1816 to 1829. Died February 5, 
1830, iu Baltimore County, Maryland. 

Littlefield, Nathaniel (S>.— Born in 
Wells. York County, Maine, September 
20, 1804 ; received a common-school edu- 
cation ; studied and adopted the profession 
of law ; was a member of the Maine Sen- 
ate in 1837, 1838, and 1839 ; President of 
the same a part of the time ; a Represent- 
ative from Maine to the Twenty-seventh 
and Thirty-lirst Congresses; and a mem- 
ber of the Maine House of Representa- 
tives in 1854. He was also a Delegate to 
the Philadelphia "National Union Con- 
vention " of 1866. 

Littlejohn, DeWitf C— TYas born 
in Bridgewater. Oneida County, New 
York. February 7, 181S; received a thor- 
ough academic education ; aud since 1839 



has been largely engaged iu the commerce 
of the lakes aud canals, as well as in the 
manufacture of flour. He served as Pres- 
ident of the village of Oswego, and when 
it became a city he became an Alderman, 
aud was twice elected Mayor. He was 
seven times elected to the .\ssera")ly of 
New York, presiding as Speaker during 
five terms ; aud in 1862 ho was elected a 
Representative from New York to the 
Thirty-eighth Congress, serving on the 
Committee on Roads and Canals, aud as 
Chairman of the Committee on Revolu- 
tionary Pensions. After retiring from 
Congress, he was again elected to the 
State Legislature. 

Livemiore, Arthur.— Born in Lon- 
donderry, New Hampshire, July 26, 1776. 
He was a Judge of the Supreme Court of 
New Hampshire from 1709 to 1816; a 
Presidential Elector in 1801 ; from 1825 to 
1833 Judge of the Common Pleas : and a 
Representative in Congress from 1817 to 
1821. aud from 1823 to 1825. Hs died ac 
Campton, New Hampshire, July 1. 1853. 
He was the sou of Samuel Livermore. 

Livertnore, Edward S.—lle was 
Judge of the Supreme Court of New 
Hampshire from 1707 to 1799; and a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from Massachu- 
setts, from 1807 to 1811. Died iu 1832, 
aged eighty years. 

Livermore, Samuel.— ^o\-n'm Wal- 
tham, Massachusetts, in 1732: g.aduated 
at Princeton College in 1752; was Judge 
Advocate of the .Iclmiralty before the KeV- 
olution; subsequently Judge of the Supe- 
rior Court of New Hampshire; aud a 
Senator iu Congress from 1793 to 1801, 
^vhen he resigned ; and was President pro 
tern, of that body during two sessions. 
He died at Holderuess, Ma}', 1803. 

Livingston, Edward. — Born at 
Claremont, Livingston Manor. New York, 
iu 1764; graduated at Princotoa College 
in 1781 ; stndied law, and wis admitted to 
the bar iu 1785, and pursued his profession 
till 1795, when he was elected a Repre- 
sentative to Congress from New York 
City, serviug until 1802. He was then 
appointed Uuited States Attorney lor the 
District of New York, and was also 
^Mayor of the city. Removing to New 
Orleans in 1804, he became eminent there 
as a lawyer; at the invasion of Louisiana 
he acted as an Aid to General Jackson ; 
was employed in negotiations for the ex- 
change of prisoners after the war; and 
was elected a Representative in Congress, 
from Louisiana, from 1823 to 1829, anil as 
a Senator of the United States from 1829 
to 1831. when he was appointed by Presi- 
dent Jacksou Secretary of State, and in 
1833 Minister to France. His •' Penal 
Code " is considered a monument of his 



2-40 



BTOGBAPHICAL JIECOBDS. 



profound loarniiii?. lie died atRhiuebeck, 
Kew York, May 2o, 1S36. 

Livingston, Henri/ T^alfer.—^YlVi 

born in 17()4; graduated at Yale College in 
178t!, and was cnliieated to the law. lie was 
Secretary in 171)1.' to Mr. Morris, Ambassa- 
dor to France; a Representative in Con- 
gress, from New York, from 1803 to 1S07. 
He died at Livingston Manor, New Y'ork, 
December '22, 1810, aged forty-two years. 

Liifinffsfon, JPJi Hi p.— Born in Al- 
bany, New York, January 15, 171t>; grad- 
uated at Yale College in 17o7; was a 
successful merchant in New Y'ork City; 
■was an Alderman for four yeai's; served 
several years in the State Legislature, and 
corresponded with Edmund Eurke on 
conunercial matters; was a Delegate to 
the Continental Congress from 177-1 to 
1778; was a signer of the Declaration of 
Independence; subsequently served in the 
Senate of New Y'ork; and died June 15, 
1778. He was noted for his rare business 
capacity and his benevolence, and was the 
founder of tlie Professorship of Divinity 
in Y'ale College. 

Livingston, JRohert Le JJoi/.— He 

graduated at Princeton College in 178-1; 
was elected a Representative in Congress, 
from the Sixth Congressional District 
of New Y'ork, lYom l80i) to 1813, but 
resigned in 1812, when he was succeeded 
by T. P. Grosvenor; he was then ap- 
pointed i)y President Madison Lieutenaut- 
Colouel of Infantry. 

Livingston, Hobert JJ.— He grad- 
uated at King's College in 1705; studied 
law and was" appointed Recorder of the 
City of New Y'ork, which ollice he resigned 
at the beginning of the Revolution. In 
1775 he was elected to the Assembly from 
Duchess County, and the same year 
was sent as a Delegate to the Conti- 
nental Congress, serving till 1777, and 
was a member of the Committer for 
di'aughting the Declaration of Indepen- 
dence. He was also a Delegate from 1779 
to 1781, and in the latter year was ap- 
pointed Secretary for Foreign Aflairs. 
On his resignation he received the thanks 
of Congress. He was appointed Chan- 
cellor of New Y'ork under the New Con- 
stitution, and tilled that situation till 
1801. In 1788 he was Chairman of the 
State Convention which adopted the Fed- 
eral Constitution. In 171)4: he declined 
the appointment as Minister to France, 
ollered by "Washiugton. In 1801 he ac- 
cepted that oiRce, and proceeded to Paris. 
After the close of his mission. Napoleon 
presented him with a snufl-box, contain- 
. ing a miniature of himself, by Isabey. 
"\Yith the assistance of Monroe, he made 
the purchase of Louisiana. In Paris he 
formed an intimacy with Robert Fulton, 
and was instrumental in the introduction 



of steam navigation into the United States. 
Introduced merino sheep and gypsum into 
New Y'ork; was President of an agricul- 
tural society and of the Academy of Fine 
Arts; published an oration delivered be- 
fore the Cincinnati Society in 1787, and 
other essays. Died in 18i3, aged sixty- 
six years. 

Livingston, Walter. — Tie was a 

Delegate, from New Y'ork, to the Conti- 
nental Congress, in 178-1 and 1785. 

Livingston, Williani. — Born in 
New York in 1741 ; was a lawyer by pro- 
fession ; and, after tilling some important 
offices in New Y'ork, he removeil to New 
Jersey. He was a Delegate to the Conti- 
nental Congress from 1774 to 177G. He 
was tlrst Governor of New Jersey under 
the New Constitution of the State, which 
office he held until his death. In 1787 he 
was a Delegate to the Convention which 
for)ned the" Constitution of the United 
States, and signed that instrument. He 
died July 25, 1790. 

Lloi/d, Edward.— Tie was Governor 
of Maryland from 1809 to 1811; a Dele- 
gate tothe Continental Congress in 1783 
and 1784; a member of Congress from 
1800 to 1809 ; and served as United States 
Senator, from Maryland, from 1819 to 
1820, when he resigned. He was highly 
respected both in public and private life, 
He died June 2, 1831. 

Lloyd, Jaines. — He was a Senator in 
Congress, from jMaryland, from 1797 to 
ISOO, when he resigned. 

Llof/d, (Tames. — He was born in Bos- 
ton. Massachusetts, in 1709; graduated at 
Harvard Uuivei'sity in 1787; and devoted 
himself to mercantile pursuits, and resided 
in Russia a number of years. He devoted 
some attention to literature ; was elected 
a member of the American Academy of 
Arts and Sciences ; and received from his 
Alma Mater, in 182G, the degree of Doctor 
of Laws. He was a Senator in Congress, 
from Massachusetts, from 1808 to 1813, 
when he resigned, and again from 1822 to 
1820. serving as Chairman of the Commit- 
tees on Commerce, and Naval Afl'airs. His 
reputation was tliat of an able statesman, 
and a wealthy and benevolent man. He 
died in New Y'ork Citj-, April 5, 1831. 

Loan, Benjamin J'.— Born in Har- 
diusburg, Breckinridge County, Kentucky, 
in 1819; settled in 5lissouri"in 1838, and 
adopted the legal profession. When the 
Rebellion broke out. in 1801, he took an 
active part in military aflairs, and was ap- 
pointed a Brigadier-General ; and in 18G2 
he was elected a Representative lYom Mis- 
souri to the Thirty-eighth Congress, serv- 
ing on the Committee on Militaiy Affiiirs. 
Was subsequently reported against by the 



BIOOBAPHICAL BECOItDS. 



211 



Committee on Elections, but the action of 
the Committee was not sustained by the 
House, and he retained his seat. Ke-eiected 
to the Tliirty-ninth Congress, serving on 
the Committees on the Pacific Ilailroad, 
and Freedraen, and Debts of the Loyal 
States. Re-elected to the Fortieth Con- 
gress, serving as Chairman of the Com- 
mittee on Revolutionary Pensions, and on 
that on Freedraen's Aflfairs. 

Loche, Francis. — Born in Rowan 
County, North Carolina, October 31, 17GG. 
He was elected Judge of the Superior 
Court in 1803, and, having resigned, was 
chosen a Senator in Congress for the years 
1814 and 1815 from his native State, but 
appears not to have taken his seat. In 
1809 he was also a Presidential Elector. 
Died January, 1823. 

Liochej John. — He was born in IIop- 
kinton, Massachusetts, in 17G4 ; graduated 
at Cambridge in 1792; was admitted to 
the bar in 1796, and opened an office in 
Ashby. He represented that town in the 
Legislature in 1804, 1805, 1813, and 1823. 
In 1820 he was a member of the " Constitu- 
tional Convention" of the State; and from 
1823 to 1829 was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from the Worcester North District. 
In 1830 he was a State Senator from Mid- 
dlesex County; and in 1831 was a member 
of the Executive Council. He removed to 
Lowell in 1837, and thence, in 1849, to 
Boston, where he died, March 29, 1855. 

Locke, Matthew,— Born in Rowan 
County, North Carolina, in 1730, and died 
in 1801. He was a member of the Con- 
gress at Halifax, in 1776, which formed 
the Constitution of North Carolina, and 
was a Representative in the Congress of 
the United States from 1793 to 1799. He 
also served in the Legislature, and had 
four sons at one time in the Revolutionary 
war. 

LocJcharf, tTames.—TLe was born in 
Auburn, New York, February 13, 1806; 
removed to Indiana in 1832; studied law, 
and came to the bar in 1834; in 1841 and 
1842 was elected Prosecuting Attorney; 
from 1845 to 1851 he was Judge of the 
Fourth Judicial District when he resigned ; 
and was a member of the " State Constitu- 
tional Convention" of 1850. He was elected 
a Representative in Congress, from In- 
diana, from 1851 to 1853. Died at Evans- 
ville, Indiana, September 7, 1857. 

Logan, George. — Born at Stanton, 
near Philadelphia, September 9, 1753. He 
was educated at Edinburgh for the medical 
profession, but devoted a great portion of 
his time to agriculture, and was a member 
of the Legislature of Peunyslvania. In 
1798 he embarked for Europe for the sole 
purpose of preventing a war between 
America and France, and prepared the 
16 



way for a negotiation which terminated in 
peace. He was a Senator of the United 
States from 1801 to 1807. He went to 
England in February, 1810, on the same 
peaceful mission which led him to France, 
but not with the same success. He was 
an active member of the Philosophical 
Society and the State Board of Ai^ricul- 
ture; and in 1797 published "Experi- 
ments on Gypsum" and "Rotation of 
Crops." He died at Stanton, April 9, 
1821. 

Logan, Henry.— lie was born in 
Pennsylvania, and was a Representative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1835 to 
1839. 

Logan, John A. — Born in Jackson 
County, Illinois; received a common- 
school education ; went with the army as 
a private in the war with Mexico, and was 
made Quartermaster of his regiment; in 
1849 was elected County Clerk of Jackson 
County, but resigned; in 1850 studied law, 
and came to the bar in 1852, having grad- 
uated at the Louisville University; in 1852 
was elected to the Illinois Legislature; in 
1853 was appointed a Pi-osecuting At- 
torney; in 1856 a Presidential Elector; a 
second time elected to the Legislature; 
and in 1858 he was elected a Representa- 
tive, from Illinois, to the Thirty-sixth 
Congress, serving as Chairman of the 
Committee on Unfinished Business; re- 
elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress, 
and, resigning, served as a Colonel in the 
Union army in 1861, and subsequently as 
a Major-General, having commanded with 
distinction the army of Tennessee. In 
November, 1865, he was appointed by 
President Johnson Minister to the Repub- 
lic of Mexico, but declined. He was a 
Delegate to the "Soldiers Convention" 
held in Pittsburg in 1866 ; and was re-elect- 
ed to the Fortieth Congress, serving as 
Chairman of the Committees on Ordnance, 
and on those on Retrenchment, and Ways 
and Means, and was one of the Managers 
in the Impeachment trial of President 
Andrew Johnson. 

Logan, William.— ^e was born in 
Harrodsburg, Kentucky, Decembers, 1776 ; 
was a member of the " State Constitution- 
al Convention " in 1799 ; studied law, and 
practised with success ; was frequently in 
the Legislature, and officiated as Speaker; 
was twice chosen Judge of the Court of 
Appeals ; was a Senator in Congress dur- 
ing the years 1819 and 1820; and died Au- 
gust 8, 1822. He was the first white child 
born in Kentucky. 

Long, Alexander.— E.Q was born in 
Greenville, Mercer County, Pennsylvania, 
December 24, 1816 ; was educated at Gary's 
Academy (now Farmer's College), Ohio; 
adopted the profession of law, practising 
in Claciunati; was elected to the Ohio 



242 



BIOOBAFHICAL BECOBDS. 



Legislature in 1848 and 1849, and in 1862 
was elected a Kepresentative, from Ohio, 
to the Thirty-eighth Congress, serving on 
the Committee on Claims. He was also a 
Delegate to the " Chicago Convention " of 
1864. 

Long, Edward JET.— He was born in 
Maryland in 1808 ; graduated at Yale Col- 
lege; adopted and practised the profession 
of law ; served a number of years in the 
Maryland Legislature ; was a Representa- 
tive in Congress, from Maryland, from 
1845 to 1847; and died in Somerset, Mary- 
land, in October, 1865. He was reputed a 
man of ability, and at one time was a can- 
didate for the United States Senate. 

Long, John.— Bovn in Loudon Coun- 
ty, Virginia; was a farmer by profession; 
entered public life as a Senator in the As- 
sembly, in 1815, and in 1821 was elected 
to Congress, as a Representative, from 
North Carolina, where he remained until 
1829. 

Long, Pierce. — He was a Delegate 
from New Hampshire to the Continental 
Congress from 1784 to 1786. 

Longfellow, Stephen. — He was 

born in Gorham, Massachusetts, June 23, 
1775 ; graduated at Harvard University in 
1798; studied law, and was admitted to 
the bar in 1801 ; was for many years a 
leading politician and lawyer in Maine ; 
Avas a Presidential Elector in 1797 ; and a 
member of the " Hartford Convention " in 
1814, of which body, at the time of his 
death, he was the only surviving Delegate 
from Massachusetts. From 1817 to 1836 
he was a member of the Corporation of 
Bowdoin College, from which institution 
he received the degree of LL.D. ; he was 
also a member of the " State Constitutional 
Convention " of 1819 ; a Representative in 
the Maine Legislature in 1826 ; and a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from Maine, 
from 1823 to 1825 ; and died at Portland, 
August 2, 1849. He was the father of the 
distinguished poet Longfellow. 

LongnecJcer, Henry O.— Born in 

Allen Township, Cumberland County, 
Pennsylvania, April 17, 1825; was edu- 
cated at the Wilbraham Academy, Mas- 
sachusetts, the Norwich Military Univer- 
sity of Vermont, and Lafayette College, 
Pennsylvania, where he graduated; adopt- 
ed the profession of law; served as a 
Lieutenant and Adjutant in the war with 
Mexico; and on his return was elected 
District Attorney of Lehigh County ; was 
a member in 1851 of a Democratic Con- 
vention for Nominating State Judges ; and 
also in 1854 of another Convention for 
Nominating State Officers; and he was 
elected a Representative from Pennsyl- 
vania to the Thirty-sixth Congress, serv- 
ing as a member of the Committee on 



Military Affairs. As Colonel of the Ninth 
Pennsylvania Infantry, he commanded a 
Brigade in Western Virginia at the com- 
mencement of the Rebellion in 1861, and 
he subsequently commanded a Brigade of 
Militia at the Battle of Antietam, and in 
1867 was appointed an associate Judge of 
Lehigh County. 

Longyear, John W. — He was bom 

in Sliaiidaken, Ulster County, New York, 
October 22, 1820; received a good aca- 
demic education ; removed to Michigan in 
1844 ; studied law, and came to the bar in 
1846 ; and was elected a Representative, 
from Michigan, to the Thirty-eighth Con- 
gress, serving on the Committee on Com- 
merce, and as Chairman of the Committee 
on Expenditures on the Public Buildings. 
Re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, 
serving on the same committees. He was 
also a Delegate to the Philadelphia " Loy- 
alists' Convention" of 1866. 

Loomis, Arphaxad.—He was for 

three years a member of the Legislature 
of New York, from Herkimer County, and 
a Representative in Congress, from that 
State, from 1837 to 1839. 

Loomis, Dtviglit. — Born in Colum- 
bia, Tolland County, Connecticut, July 27, 
1821 ; received a common-school educa- 
tion ; spent the most of his youth on a 
farm ; and taught school for about one 
year; commenced the study of law in 1844, 
and, having finished his legal studies at 
New Haven, was admitted to the bar in 
1847; since which time he has practised 
his profession at Rockville, Connecticut. 
In 1851 he was elected to the Connecticut 
Legislature; was a Delegate in 1856 to the 
"People's Convention " in Philadelphia; 
was a State Senator in 1857; and was 
elected a Representative from Connecti- 
cut, to the Thirty-sixth Congress, serving 
as a member of the Committee on Mileage. 
Re-elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress, 
serving on the Committees on Elections, 
and on Agriculture. 

Lord, Fredericic TF.— Born in Lyme, 
Connecticut, December 11, 1800; gradu- 
ated at Yale College in 1821 ; was for two 
yeai's Professor of Mathematics in Wash- 
ington College ; had charge for three 
years of an academy in the City of Balti- 
more ; devoted himself, in Baltimore, for 
several years, to the study of medicine, 
and received a diploma from Yale College, 
in 1829 ; spent fifteen years in the practice 
of his profession at Sag Harbor, New 
York, when he retired; and was a Rep- 
resentative In Congress, from New York, 
from 1847 to 1849. He was also a Dele- 
gate to the Baltimore "National Conven- 
tion " for nominating a President in 1840. 
Died at New York, May 24, 1860. 

Loughridge, Williain. — He was 



BIOGBAPIIICAL BECOBDS. 



243 



born in Yonng-stown, Mahoning County, 
Ohio, July 11, 1«27; received a comraou- 
echool education; studied law, and came 
to the bar at the age of twenty-two years, 
and on removing to Iowa, in 1852, he was 
elected a member of the State Senate 
from 1856 to 1860. In 1851 he was chosen 
Judge of the Sixth Judicial District of 
Iowa, to serve until January, 1867 ; and 
in 1866 he was elected a Representative 
from Iowa to the Fortieth Congress; 
serving on the Committees on Private 
Land Claims, Agriculture, and Education 
in the District of Columbia. 

Love, James. — He was a Eepresent- 
ative in Congress, from Kentucky, from 
1833 to 1835. 

Love, tTohnt—TLe was a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from Virginia, from 
1807 to 1811. 

Love, Peter E. — Born near Dublin, 
Laurens County, Georgia, July 7, 1818; 
was educated at Franklin College ; studied 
medicine and attended medical lectures in 
Philadelphia; relinquished that profes- 
sion, and turned his attention to law, 
having been admitted to the bar in 1839 ; 
in 1843 he was chosen Solicitor-General 
for the Southern District of Georgia; in 
1849 he was elected to the State Senate ; 
in 1853 he was appointed a Judge for the 
Southern Circuit of Georgia; and was 
elected a Representative, from Georgia, 
to the Thirty-sixth Congress, serving on 
the Committee on Expenses in the State 
Department, and the Special Committee 
of Thirty-three on the Rebellious States. 

Love, Thomas C— He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from New York, 
from 1835 to 1837. He was Judge of 
Erie County in 1828; District Attorney 
for said County from 1829 to 1886; Surro- 
gate from 1841 to 1845 ; and died at Buf- 
falo, September 17, 1853. 

Love, William C— Born in Virginia ; 
educated at the University of North Caro- 
lina, of which his father was steward; 
was a lawyer by profession, and a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from North Caro- 
lina, from 1815 to 1817. 

Lovejoy, Owen, — He was born in 
Albion, Kennebec County, Maine, January 
6, 1811 ; labored on a farm until eighteen 
years of age ; taught school, and thereby 
received the means for a college educa- 
tion, which he received at Bowdoin. He 
was a clergyman of the Congregational 
Church at Princeton, Illinois, from 1838 
to 1854, having resigned his pastoral 
duties to take a seat in the Illinois Legis- 
lature, in that j'ear; and in 1856 he was 
elected a Representative, from that State, 
to the Thirty-fifth Congi'ess; re-elected to 
the Thirty-sixth, Thirty-seventh, and the 



Thirty-eighth Congresses, serving on the 
Committees on Revolutionary Chums, and 
Public Lands, and as Chairman of the 
Committees on Agriculture, and for the 
District of Columbia, and also a member 
of the Committee on the Territories. 
Died in Brooklyn, New York, March 25, 
1864. 

Lovell, James. — Born in Boston, 
Massachusetts; graduated at Harvard 
College in 1756, and was for many years 
associated with his father as teacher of 
the Latin School. In 17G0 he published 
" Oratio in Euuero Thyntii." During the 
Revolution he was a firm Whig, devoted 
to the cause of liberty, and was impris- 
oned by General Gage ; he was carried a 
prisoner by the British troops to Halifax, 
w-here he was for a long time kept in close 
confinement. After his return to Boston 
he was a Delegate to the Continental Con- 
gress from 1776 to 1782, and was a mem- 
ber of the Committee on Foreign Corre- 
spondence. He also signed the Articles of 
Confederation. In 1786 he was Collector 
of Customs for Boston, and was subse- 
quently Naval Ofiicer for Bostod and 
Charlestown, in which station he re- 
mained until his death. He died in 1814, 
aged seventy-six. 

Lovett, John. — He was born in Nor- 
wich, Connecticut; graduated at Yale 
College, and was a member of the New 
York Assembly in 1800 and 1801, and a 
Representative in Congress, from that 
State, from 1813 to 1814, and from 1815 to 
1817. He died in 1818, in Ohio. 

Low, Frederick F. — He was a Rep- 
resentative from California to the Thirty- 
seventh Congress, taking his seat during 
the second session thereof; and he was 
Governor of California from 1863 to 1865. 

Low, Isaac. — He was a Delegate 
from New York to the Continental Con- 
gress in 1774 and 1775. 

Lowell, John, — Born in Newbury- 
port, Massachusetts, in 1744; graduated 
at Harvard College in 1760, and settled iu 
Boston as a lawyer. He was a Delegate 
to the Continental Congress from 1782 to 
1783, and was a member of the Convention 
which framed the Constitution of Massa- 
chusetts. He was appointed Judge of the 
District Court, for the Massachusetts Dis- 
trict, by Washington, in 1789 ; and in 1801 
was appointed Chief Justice of the First 
Circuit. He was a member of the Cor- 
poration of Harvard College for eighteen 
years, and received the degree of LL.D. 
from that institution. He was one of the 
founders of the American Academy of 
Arts and Sciences, and in 1791 he deliv- 
ered a eulogy on their late President, 
James Bowdoin. He wrote an English 



244 



BIOGBAPHICAL BEC0BD8. 



Poem, No. 3, in the " Pietas," printed at 
Cambridge. He died May 10, 1802. 

Lowell, J'oshua A. — He was born in 
Thomaston, Maine, March 20, 1801; his 
educational advantages were limited, but 
he commenced active life by teaching 
school ; he adopted the profession of law, 
having come to the bar in 1826; was a 
member of the Maine Legislature in 1832, 
1833, 1835, and 1837; anda Eepresentative 
in Congress, from Maine, from 1839 to 
1843. He was also a Presidential Elector 
in 1844. 

Lower, Christian. — He was a Eep- 
resentative in Congress, from Pennsyl- 
vania, from 1805 to 1807. 

Loivndes, Thomas.— H& was born 
in Charleston, South Carolina, in 1765 ; re- 
ceived a thorough education, and was one 
of the enterprising citizens of his native 
city. He was a Eepresentative in Con- 
gress, from South Carolina, from 1801 to 
1805, and was distinguished for his talents. 
He died in Charleston, July 8, 1843. 

Lowndes, William.— Rq was a na- 
tive of Charleston, South Carolina, having 
been born February 7, 1782; educated by 
a private tutor; served in the State Leg- 
islature in 1806 and 1808; and was a 
Eepresentative in Congress, from that 
State, from 1811 to 1822, when, from ill 
health, he resigned. In 1818 he was 
Chairman of the Committee on Ways and 
Means. He died while on a voyage, with 
his family, from Philadelphia to London, 
in the ship Moss, October 27, 1822, aged 
forty-two. He had a memory of uncom- 
mon power, was an eloquent debater, and 
stood in the first rank of American states- 
men. Henry Clay once expressed the 
opinion that he was the wisest man he 
had ever known in Congress. 

Loivrie, Walter. — He was a Senator 
in Congress, from Pennsylvania, from 
1819 to 1825. He was afterwards Secre- 
tary of the United States Senate from 
1825 to 1836 ; was subsequently appointed 
Secretary of the Board of Foreign Mis- 
sions, and died in New York in 1862 or 
1863. 

Loyall, George. — Born in Norfolk, 
Virginia, May 29, 1789 ; graduated at Wil- 
liam and Mary College in 1808. In 1815 
he visited England, and on his return, in 
1817, was elected a member of the House 
of Delegates of Virginia, and served ten 
years. In 1829 was a member of the Con- 
vention to amend the State Constitution, 
and from 1831 to 1837 he was a Eepresent- 
ative in Congress. In 1837 he was ap- 
pointed Navy Agent at Norfolk, and, with 
the exception of two years, he occupied 
that position until the breaking out of 
the Eebellion. 



Lucas, Edward.— Ho was born in 
Virginia, and was a Eepresentative in 
Congress, from that Slate, from 1833 to 
1837. He was subsequently appointed 
Government Superintendent at Harper's 
Ferry, where he died March 4, 1858. 

Lucas, tTohn B. C. — He was born in 
Normandy, France, in 1762; was educated 
at the University of Caen, where he grad- 
uated as Doctor of Civil and Common 
Law in 1782. He practised his profession 
in his native country two years, and then 
emigrated to the United States, and set- 
tled on a farm near Pittsburg, Pennsyl- 
vania, where, in connection with agricul- 
tural pursuits, he devoted himself to 
acquiring the English language, and mak- 
ing himself acquainted with the history, 
constitution, and laws of his adopted 
country. He soon gained the confidence 
of the people, and in 1792 was elected to 
the Legislature of Pennsylvania, and 
served as a Judge of the Court of Com- 
mon Pleas for his District. In 1802 he 
was elected a Eepresentative in Congress, 
and re-elected in 1804. In 1805 he was 
appointed, by President Jefl"erson, Judge 
of the United States Court in Upper 
Louisiana, when he resigned his seat in 
Congress, and removed to St. Louis. He 
was also Commissioner of Land Titles in 
that Territoi-y. He held the office of 
Judge until 1820, when he retired to 
private life, on a farm adjoining the City 
of St. Louis, where he died in September, 
1842. 

Lucas, William,.— He was born in 
Virginia, and was a Eepresentative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1839 to 
1841, and for a second term, from 1843 to 
1845. 

LumpMn, John jff.— He was born 
in Oglethorpe County, Georgia, June 13, 
1812; he was educated at Franklin and 
Yale Colleges ; served for a time as Sec- 
retary in the Executive Department of 
Georgia ; studied law, and was admitted 
to the bar in 1834; was elected to the 
State Legislature in 1853 ; in 1838 he was 
Solicitor-General of the Cherokee Circuit; 
and he was a Eepresentative in Congress, 
from Georgia, from 1843 to 1849, and re- 
elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress. 
He also held the office, for three years, of 
Judge of the Cherokee Circuit Court, and 
that of Judge of the Supreme Court of 
the State. Died in Eome, Georgia, in 
1860. 

LumpMn, Wilson,— Born in Pitt- 
sylvania County, Virginia, January 14, 
1783. He received a common-school edu- 
cation, and while enga^d as a copying- 
clerk, in his father's office, studied law. 
Soon after attaining the age of twenty- 
one, he was sent to the State Legislature, 
and continued in that capacity a numOer 



BIOGBAPniCAL BECOEDS 



245 



of yeai's. He was twice elected Governor 
of Georgia. In 1823 he was appointed, 
by President Monroe, to mark out the 
boaudary line between Georgia and Flor- 
ida; and by President Jackson, was 
appointed a Commissioner, under the 
Cherokee treaty of 1835. He was also 
a member of the Board of Public Works. 
He served in the Federal House of Rep- 
resentatives, from 1815 to 1817, and from 
1827 to 1831 ; and was a Senator in Con- 
gress from 1837 to 1811. 

Lyle, Aaron, — He was a soldier in 
the lievolution, and a Representative in 
Congress, from Pennsylvania, from 1809 
to 1817. Died September 24, 1825. 

Lyman, Joseph 5.— He was born in 
Haraden, Massachusetts, and was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from New York, 
from 1819 to 1821. 

Lyinan, Samuel,— He was a grad- 
uate of Yale College in 1770; a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Massachu- 
setts, from 1795 to 1800; when he re- 
signed. From 1783 to 1788 he served in 
the Legislature, and from 1790 to 1793 
as State Senator. Died in 1802. 

Lytnan, WilUatn.—A. native of 
Northampton, Massachusetts; graduated 
at Yale College in 1776, and was Brig- 
adier-General of Militia. He was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from 1793 to 
1797; and appointed Consul to London in 
1805, where he died, October 1811, aged 
about fifty-eight years. He was also a 
member of the Legislature in 1787, and a 
State Senator in 1789. 

JOyncJi, tfohn. — He was born in Port- 
land, Maine, February 15, 1825; educated 
In the public schools of that city; adopted 
the business of a merchant; served two 
terms in the State Legislature, and was 
elected a Representative, from Maine, to 
the Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the 
Committees on Banking and Currency, 
and the Bankrupt Law. Re-elected to the 
Fortieth Congress, serving on tlie Com- 
mittee on Post Offices and Post Roads. 

Lynch f Thomas.— Re was a Dele- 
gate from South Carolina, to the Conti- 
nental Congress, from 1774 to 1776, and 
was succeeded by his son, bearing the 
same name, who signed the Declaration 
of Independence. 

Lynch, Jr., Thomas.— Re was born 

on the North Santee River, Parish of 
Prince George, South Carolina, August 5, 
1749; was educated at Eton, England, 
and entered at Cambridge and finished 
his legal studies in the Temple; he re- 
turned home, determined to strike for 
liberty; in 1775 he was commissioned a 
Captain in the Militia service; in 1776 he 



was elected a Delegate to the Continental 
Congress, to succeed his father in that 
capacity, and he was a signer of the Dec- 
laration of Independence. In 1779 he 
sailed for Europe for the benefit of his 
health, and the vessel in which he era- 
barked was never seen after her departure 
from port. 

Lynde, Wllliain P.— Tie was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from Wisconsin, 
from 1848 to 1849. 

Lyon, Asa.— Wa.s born in Pomfret, 
Connecticut, December 31, 1763; a grad- 
uate of Dartmouth Coljege in 1791, and 
shortly after his graduation, removed to 
South Hero, Vermont. He was appointed 
Chief Judge of Grand Isle County, in 
1805, serving as such for nine years. He 
was elected a Representative, from South 
Hero, in 1800, 1802, 1804, 1805, 1806, and 
1808, and from Grand Isle in 1810, 1811, 
1812, 1813, and 1814. He was a member 
of the Executive Council in 1808; and 
was elected a member of Congress, from 
1815 to 1817. He was a member of the 
Corporation of the University of Ver- 
mont, from 1814 to 1821 inclusive. He is 
said to have been a second cousin of 
Robert Burns, the Scotch poet. He was 
for many years, and until his death, an 
able preacher of the Gospel. Although 
never regularly installed, he preferred the 
Calvinislic form of worship. He was 
distinguished for his 'ripe scholarship and 
eloquence. By rigid economy and pru- 
dence, he amassed wealth, and died at 
South Hero, April 4, 1841. His published 
sermons and patriotic addresses indicate 
a high order of talent, and an intimate 
acquaintance with modern and classic 
literature. 

Lyon, Caleb, of Lyondale. — His 

grandfather, who bore the same name, 
was a Lieutenant of the Massachusetts 
Militia, and was wounded at Bunker Hill; 
and his father, also named Caleb, was a 
member of the New York Legislature, 
and a friend of De Witt Clinton. He was 
born in Lyondale, New York, December 
7, 1822 ; graduated at the Norwich Uni- 
versity of Vermont, in 1841; travelled 
extensively in Europe ; was appointed by 
President Polk, Consul at Shanghai, Chi- 
na; on his return he visited Mexico, Bra- 
zil, Chili, Peru, the Sandwich Islands, and 
California, and was Secretary of the Con- 
vention called in 1849 to form a Consti- 
tution, and designed the coat of arms for 
the Golden State. He made a second 
visit to Europe, and extended his travels 
to Egypt and the Holy Land. From liis 
native State he was elected to the Assem- 
bly, but on the question of enlarging the 
Erie Canal, which he favored, he re- 
signed, and was, during the same year, 
elected to the State Senate; and was sub- 
sequently elected a Representative in the 



210 



BIOaiiArJIICAL JiECOIiDS. 



Thlrt.v-lhlnl roiifjross fVoiu Now York. 
Wliilo III Kiii'dpo lu( was UlciililliHl Willi 
the K()s/,t.!i iill'iilr lis t.lu> frli'iul of Ciiiiliilii 
Diiiujiii N. Iiiijniliiuii. 'I'lic Mllo of lA.A). 
was coiUt'i'i'iHl upon liliu by ttic Norwlcli 
Ihilvor.sily of ViTmout. In KoUniiiry, 
1S(!I, Im wiiH nppolutcul, by rrcHldiMil, Mn- 
oolu, lii>vi'nior of Itbilio; miil on liis re- 
turn ti) Wasliliiu'loii In l)oi'iMubt>r, ISOCf, 
ho was robbi'il on tlio railway IVoni Now 
York, of ;ti!l7,(HH). 

Lf/on, d^itf^'^n^^'H.—U^^ was ii Uop- 
rosuulailvo In ("onyrcss, IV(>in KontiifUy, 
fl'on» 1S27 to 18;ir),'antl ilUnl In CaKlwolI 
County, KimtucUy, in NoviMubor, 1812. 
llo was tlio sou of Mathow Lyon. 

Tvifoit, Pranrh S. — I To was born In 

Noi'tii ("arollna, ant! Iiaviiii;; scMUhI in 
Alabama, was oIocIihI a [vrprcsentatlvo lii 
CougrofciS IVoui 1835 to 1831). 

Tjf/on, TjiiriuH. — ITo was born InVor- 
inonl, bnl. onilnrati'il lo Miohiinan wlion 
«liiilo a yonny; n\an ; tU^voU'il lilnisolf for a 
luuubor of yi'MPs to I lie business of siirvoy- 
\\\iX tlu> wile! lands of tlio 'l\'rrilory ; was a 
Doloiiato iu(\>n_i>'ross, from Ihat'Torritory, 
tluriuii- tlio yoars 18;l;<, ISIM, and 18;!r>; 
aiul a Sonal.or in fonu'i'i'ss, from tlioSlato 
of Mioliiuau, from i8;U! to 1810; ami a 
Ivoprosontativo in Oi>ii,i;ross from 18i;{ to 
1815. His last, publio position was thai, of 
Surveyor-UonoraJ in tho North-west. Died 
at Detroit, Soptombox* 25, 1851. 

TjI/oh, ]\ratJi<'ir.—Uo was born in 
"Wioidow (\)iinly, Irolaud, in 17-l(i, and, 
liavim;- onii,urali>d to this oounlry wliou 
thirU-on yoars of aijv, parlioiiKilod tosomo 
extoiit. in Mio Ivovolntionary stru,i;'i;lo, liav- 
iiiii', in 1777, boon aiipitiiitod tomporary 
ra.vmastor of t ho Northorn army, ami in 
1778, l>opnly Soorolary of thollovornor of 
VormonI , and at. tho samo I lino I'lork of M»o 
Conrf iU'(.\)Uilsoation. llo sotllod in Vor- 
inont; aftor the war, ami was oiootod a 
intMubor ol' tho Stato l,o,i,'"islaturo in 17!>'.> 
audilio throo followiiiii'voars. In 178;? ho 
fouiulod tho town ol' l''airliavon, wlioro ho 
built, saw-mills, •i-rist-mills. ostablishod a 
fory;o or iron foundry, manufaoluroil papor 
from basswood, and ostablislioil a nows- 
paporcalloil " 'riio Karmors" Library.'' llo 
sorvod tliat town in tho Louislaluro ton 
yoars. In 178(! ho was Assistant. .Iiiduoof 
JJnIland (,\>nnty. llo was a Koprosontativo 
in (\)u,ij,'ross from Vermont,, from 17lM> to 
1801, and it. was tlurin-j; his llrsl. form that 
ho had a personal Uillloulty, on tho tloor of 
Con^ross, with IJo^or (.iriswold, of Con- 
nooliout, when an unsuooessfiil oll'ort was 
made to have him expelled. Tho faot of 
liis ijivinj;' tho vote that mado Joil'orson 
rrosidont, is well known. At tlie cud of 
his sooond term as a Ivoprosonlativo from 
Vormont, ho removed loKoutnoky, served 
two years in tho Louislaturo of that Stato, 
and was a lieprosoutativo in Congress, 



from that, State, from 180H to 1811. After 
his llnal relir<Miieiil. from ('oni;ross, and 
on Novembor l.'l, ISM, tlu' S|>oaker of flio 
House of Ivoprosenlalivos piuvsonted a po- 
tlMon from him, soltinn- forlh llial. ho had, 
many yoars bofori^ been prosoontod anil 
(U)nvIo'l,od under tho sedition law (soo 
" Sl.at-o Trials of the ITuiI.ed Sla,l.es " ;) that 
ho had siill'orod Imiirisoumenl., and boon 
made lo pay I lu^ sum of .'DiLOCO.iU), and that 
ho \vished l.o have the money refunded to 
him. On .Inly 1, 1810, a, law was i>assed, 
payiny; to his heirs tho spooltlod sum, with 
Int'erost., from Ki-bruary, 1700. It. was 
while in prison at Ver^onnos, (hat ho was 
elooted to (^)U,y,ross from Vermont., and at 
the close of his services in ('on,ij;ress, IVoiii 
Kentucky, ho was employed to build '^u\\- 
boals for the war, but. l)ccamo bankrupt 
from file spoouhit.iou. In 1820 ho was ap- 
l)ointod a Fat'tor amonj;" the (Mierokoe lu- 
ilians in Arkansas; when that TerrlLory 
was orij;ani/,od, ho was oloct.od the llrst 
l)ele.i;ate to t'on.^i'ross, but. diil not. live to 
take his seat, havinn' died at Spadra IJIull", 
Arkansas, August 1, 1822. 

Jjf/fft^, liobcvt T.— Tie was distin- 
guislRul as a public s[)oaker, and was ft 
mombor of (\>ngross, from Ohio, from LS;l8 
to 18:i5. llo died In Now Orleans, Uoeem- 
ber 21, 18;U). 

MucDontild, Mosvs.—^Vn-w in Lim- 

oriek, York I'ouuly, Maine, Ai)ril 8, 1815; 
prat'ilseil law from 18;l7 to Lsli'i; and waa 
«l member of the Maine Legislaturo in 
1811 and 1812. \\\ 1815 lie was S|)oakep 
of the House. In 1817, 1818, and 1819 
served as Treasurer of tho Stale; ropre- 
sonli'd tho First. I'oimressionjd DIslrict, iix 
the Thirty-socoud aiul Thirty-Miird (\)n- 
gressos, and in April. 1857, was appointed, 
by I'rosidonl. Huohanan, Oolleotor for tho 
District of TortlaiKl and Falmouth. 

Mare, Daniel.— Ui^ was born in Fiok- 
away (.'ounly, Ohio, Soptembor 5, 1811; 
reoi'ivod a, limiteil oilueatiou, and workoil 
on a farm unlil ho l)ecaino of ago; and 
having read law in Indiana, enterotl upon 
tho praetioo of the profession to which ho 
was long devoted, llo was a nu'inbor of 
the Indiana Logislaluro in 18;>i!; Clerk of 
the House of Ivopresenlalivos in 18;57; 
served as ITniled Stales Attorney for Indi- 
ana during Frosident l\>ik's aduiinistra- 
Mon; was a Ivoproseutative in Congress 
from Indiana frouj 1851 to 1855, as a Dem- 
ocrat, and fn>m 1855 to 1857 as an ludo- 
poiidont. Candidalo, serving on the Coni- 
milleos on the IMstrict. of Columbia and 
as Chairman of the Committee on the Fost 
Oaico ami Fost, Koads. On rotirin;;- from 
his profession ho was appointed by Fresi- 
ilenl. Lineoln FostmasLor of Lafayette, 
Imliana. He died l)y suicide at Lafayette, 
Indiana, July 215, 18i>7. 

Machir, James.— Uc was a Kcpre- 



BIOGItArillCAL iiEfjonns. 



247 



sf-ntative in ConjcrosH, from Virginia, from 
1797 to ITM. Died June 2'), lHii7. 

31aclfinahan, *JatneH X.— He was 
born in Antiiin, FniMlvliii County, IVnn- 
Sylvaniii, in IHOO; f^raduatcd at Difitciiison 
Colio^f; in 1820; Ikj studied law aud Hct- 
llod in Clianibersburj^; in 18 U lie was 
elected to the State Senate; and in 1810 lie 
was elected to Con^^re.ss; re-elected In 
1851 ; and was Chairman of the Committee 
on the Judiciary. Died about the year 
18C4. 

Maclay, Samuel.— lie was a Tieprc- 
fientative in Congress, from Pennsylvania, 
from 17!i5 to 1707, and a Senator in Con- 
gress from 1803 to 1808, wiien he resigned. 

Maclay, William.— Wiwa,^ a Sena- 
tor in CoiiLiress, from Pennsylvania, from 
1780 to 1701, and died in April, 1804. In 
1797 he was a Presidential Elector, and 
was one of tliose who voted for locating 
the Seat of Gov.irnmeat on the Potomac. 

Maclay, William.— Uc was ,a native 
of Pennsylvania ; held the offices of County 
•Commissioner and Associate Judge; was 
a member of the Assembly; and a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Pennsylvania, 
from 1815 to 1817, and aj^ain from 1817 to 
1810. Died January 4, 1825, aged fifty-nine 
years. 

Maclay, William /J. —Born in New 
York City in 1815; graduated at tlie Uni- 
versity of New Vork, where he subse- 
quently officiated for a time as Professor 
of Latin; he was also a Trustee, as well 
as Secretary of the University; he adopt- 
ed the profession of the law; and in 183G 
he was associate editor of the "New 
York Quarterly Magazine." lie was also 
an active member of the Legislature of 
New York for several years and was elect- 
ed a Representative in Congress, from that 
State, in IHi'i; was re-elected in 1845, 
1847, and also in 1857, serving generally 
on important committees. lie was re- 
elected a Keprcsentative to the Tliirty- 
sixtli Congress ; and was also a Delegate 
to the Philadelpliia "National Union Con- 
vention" of 1800. 

Maclay, William, P.— lift was born 
in Northumberland County, Pennsylvania, 
and was a Representative in Congress, 
from that State, from 1810 to 1821, having 
first entered Congress for the unexpired 
term of Thomas Buruiilde. 

Macon, Nathaniel.— lit v/as born 
in Warren County, Nortli Carolina, in 1757. 
His early youth was marked by diligence 
in the acquisition of knowledge, and he 
was .sent to Princeton College to complete 
his education ; but the troubles of the Rev- 
olution closed the halls of that institution, 
and he returned home and volunteered us 



a private in a company commanded f>yhls 
brother, having refused a higher position. 
Willie in the army he was elected a mem- 
ber of tlie (leneral Assembly, in which he 
served for several years. In 1701 he was 
elected a Representative i» Congress, and 
continued a memlier of that bodv until 
transferred to the United States .SfMiate, 
in 1815, where he served until 1828. Prom 
1801 to 1805 he was Speaker of the House, 
and from 1825 to 1828 he was President 
■ pro tc.m. of the Senate. He was for thirty- 
seven years a member of the H'<use or 
Senate, and was called the Pulher of the 
House, having served a longer time in 
that body than any other man. \\\ IH2H his 
native State, in honor of his services, 
named a county for him. He afterwards 
returned to the General Assembly, and in 
18.')5 was President of the " Constitutional 
Convention " of the State. He was also a 
Presidential Elector in 1830. Died sud- 
denly at his residence, June 20, 1837. 

3Iacy, John B. — He was a Repre- 
sentative In Congress, from Wisconsin, 
from 1853 to 1855. He resided at Fond 
du Lac, an'l was lost, September 21, by 
tiie burning of the steamboat Niagara, on 
Lake Michigan. 

McAlllMer, Archibald. — Ua w.as 
born in Dauphin County, Pennsylvania, in 
1814; and, liaving settled in lilair County, 
was for thirty-three years en-^raged in 
the manufacture of iron. In 1802 he was 
elected a Representative, from Pennsyl- 
vania, to tlie Thirty -eighth Congress, serv- 
ing on the Committee on Military Affairs. 

McArthur, Duncan.— Ha was born 
In Duchess County, New Yorll, in 1772. 
When he was eight years of age he re- 
moved with his father to Pennsylvania, 
and at the age of eighteen he volunteered 
in defence of the frontier settlements of 
Ohio, against the Indians. He studied 
surveying, and acquired great weaPh in 
the business of buying and selling lands, in 
addition to surveying them. In 1805 he 
was a member of the Legislature, and in 
1800 was appointed C'olonel, and in 1808 
Major-General of the State Militia. He 
performed valuable services during the 
war of 1813, In which he held a General's 
commission, and although elected to Con- 
gress In 1812, declined leaving his com- 
mand; in 1815 was again a member of the 
Legislature, and 1810 was appointed Com- 
missioner to conclude Treaties with the 
Indians; from 1817 to 1810 was in the 
Legislature, and Speaker of the House in 
1817. He was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from Ohio, from 1823 to 1825, and 
in 1830 was chosen Governor of the State, 
which position he held until 1833, and 
while in that service met with an accident, 
fro.m tiie eflt'Cts of which he never re- 
covered. 



248 



BIOGBAFHICAL BECOBDS. 



3lGBride, John It. — Was born in 
Franklin County, Missouri, August 22, 
1832; emigrated to Oregon in 1846; in 
1854 he was chosen Superintendent of 
Common Schools; studied law and came 
to the bar in ifSo; in 1857 he was a Dele- 
gate to the Convention which formed the 
Oregon State Constitution ; was chosen to 
the State Senate for four years after its 
adoption ; and in 1862 he was elected a Rep- 
resentative, from Oregon, to the Thirty- 
eighth Congress, serving on the Committee 
on Indian Aflfairs. 

llcCarthy, Dennis.— Ke was born 
in the village of Saliua, now within the 
limits of Syracuse, New York, March 19, 
1814; received a common-school and 
academical education; turned his attention 
to the mercantile business, and became a 
manufacturer of salt; in 1846 he was 
elected to the State Legislature; in 1853 
he was Mayor of Syracuse, an(j, after hold- 
ing vai'ious other positions of trust and 
honor, was elected in 1866 a Representa- 
tive from New York to the Fortieth Con- 
gress, serving on the Committees on For- 
eign Affairs, and Roads and Canals. 

3IcCarty, Andreiv Z.— He was born 
in New York, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, froui 1855 to 
1857. He was also a member of the New 
York Assembly in 1848. 

3IcC arty, Jonathan, —Wsifi, a native 
of Tennessee, but removed, with his father, 
at an early age to Indiana. He engaged 
in mercantile pursuits, and was for a time 
Clerk of the Circuit or County Court at 
Conuersvile. He was a Representative in 
Congress, from Indiaua, from 1831 to 1837. 
He left lu^tiana for Iowa, where he died in 
1855. 

3IcCarty, Michard. — "Was born in 
Albany, New York, and was a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from that State, from 
1821 to 1823. 

McCarty, William M.—Re was a 
Representative in Congress, from Vir- 
ginia, from 1840 to 1841. 

McCauslen, Williatn C. — He was 
born in Ohio, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1843 to 
1845. 

3IcClean, Moses.— He was born in 
Pennsylvania, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1845 to 
1847. 

McClellan, Abraham, — He was 

born in Tennessee, and was Representa- 
tive in Congress, from that State, from 
1837 to 1843. 

McClellan, Mobert.—He was a na- 



tive of Schoharie County, New York, and 
a Representative in Congress, fi'om that 
State, from 1837 to 1839, and again from 
1841 to 1843. Died in 1860, aged flfty-flve 
years. 

McClelland, Robert. — Born in 

Franklin County, Pennsylvania, in 1807. 
He graduated at Dickinson College ; prac- 
tised law for a year or so in Pittsburg, 
and in 1833 removed to Michigan, and 
established himself at Monroe. He served 
for several years in the Legislature of that 
State; and was a Representative in Con- 
gress from 1843 to 1819. He was Gover- 
nor of Michigan, in 1852 and 1853 ; and in 
1853 was appointed Secretary of the In- 
terior Department, by President Pierce, 
the duties of which position be performed 
until 1857'. He subsequently settled ia 
Detroit and practised his profession there. 

McClenachan, Blair.— Hq was a 

Representative iu Congress, from Pennsyl- 
vania, from 1797 to 1799. 

McClene, James.— He Avas a Dele- 
gate, from Pennsylvania, to the Continen- 
tal Congress, from 1778 to 1780. 

McClernand, John ^.— Born in 
Brecken ridge County, Kentucky, May 30, 
1812; brought up at Shavvneetown, Illi- 
nois, and had only the advantages of a 
common-school education. He studied ! 
law, and was admitted to the bar in 1832, 
and served as a private, but with credit, 
iu the Black Hawk war. He established 
the tirst Democratic press in Shavvnee- 
town, and edited his paper and practised 
law until 1843, when he was elected to 
Congress from Illinois, and served as a 
Representative until 1851. He had also, 
before going to Congress, been elected to 
the State Legislature. In 1859 he was 
again elected to Congress, serving on the 
Committee on Claims. Re-elected to the 
Thirty-seventh Congress, but resigned to 
accept the commission of Brigadier-Gen- 
eral iu the Union army in 1861. He was 
also a Delegate to tlie Philadelphia "Na- 
tional Union Convention " of 1866. 

McClurg, Joseph TF.— Born in St. 
Louis County, Missouri, February 22, 1818; 
received a good education, chiefly at Ox- 
ford College, Ohio; in his seventeenth 
year he went to Louisiana and Mississippi, 
and spent nearly two years as a teacher; 
went to Texas in 1841, where he was ad- 
mitted to the bar, and was Clerk of the 
Circuit Court; in 1844 he settled in Mis- 
souri as a merchant ; when the Rebellion 
broke out his interests suffered greatly 
from the plunder of the Rebels ; took part 
in the war as Colonel of the Osage Regi- 
ment of Infantry, and also of a Cavalry 
Regiment;. was a member of the Missouri 
"State Convention" in 1862, and was 
elected a Representative, from Missouri, 



BIOGBAPHICAL BEC0BD8. 



249 



to the Thirty-eighth Congress, serving on 
the Committee ou Territories. He was also 
a Delegate to the " Baltimore Convention" 
of 1864. Re-elected to the Thirty-ninth 
Congress, serving on the Committees ou 
the Death of President Lincoln, Elections, 
and as Chairman of the Committee on 
Southern Railroads. He was also a Dele- 
gate to the Philadelphia "Loyalists' Con- 
vention " of 1866 ; and was re-elected to 
the Fortieth Congress. 

McComas, Willia'in.—Was born in 
Virginia, and was a Representative iu 
Congress, from that State, from 1833 to 
1837, and was a member of the Committee 
on Manufactures. 

McCoinb, Eleazer. — He was a Dele- 
gate to the Continental Congress, from 
Delaware, from 1782 to 1784. 

McConnell, Felix 6?.— Was a native 
of Lincoln County, Tennessee, but re- 
moved in 1824 to Talladega County, Ala- 
bama. He was brought up a mechanic, 
but subsequently adopted the profession 
of law. He was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from that State, from 1843 to 1846. 
He died, by his own hand, in Washington, 
District of Columbia, September, 1846, 
aged thirty-six. 

McCord, Andretv.—He was a mem- 
ber of the New York Assembly, during the 
years 1800, 1801, 1802, and 1807, part of the 
time Speaker; and was a Representative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1803 to 
1805. 

McCorMe, Joseph TT. — He was 

born in Ohio, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from California, from 1851 to 
1853. 

McCormickf James JR.— Born In 

Washington County, Missouri, August, 
1824 ; received a common-school education, 
and in 1849 received the degree of M.D. ; 
he was elected a Delegate to the State 
Convention of 1861; in 1862 to the State 
Senate; served as a Brigadier-General of 
Militia, in 1863, and was appointed by 
President Lincoln a Surgeon in the army 
which he resigned ; was again elected to 
the State Senate in 1868; and was elected 
a Representative from Missouri to . the 
Fortieth Congress, serving on the Com- 
mittee ou Private Land Claims. 

McCoy, Robert.— lie resided at one 
time iu Carlisle, Pennsylvania, and held 
several public positions in that State, such 
as Brigadier-General of Militia and Canal 
Commissioner. He was a member of Con- 
gress, from Pennsylvania, from 1831 to 
1833, and died at Wheeling, Virginia, June 
7, 1849. 

McCoy, William,— -B.e was born in 



Augusta County, Virginia, and was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from that State, 
from 1811 to 1833. 

McCrate, John Z).— He was born in 
Wiscasset about 1800 ; graduated at Bow- 
doin College in 1819; adopted the profes- 
sion of law; was a member of the State 
Legislature from 1831 to 1836; Collector 
of Customs at Wiscasset, from 1836 to 
1841 ; and was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from Maine, from 1845 to 1847. 

McCreary, John. — He was born in 

Chester District, South Carolina, and was 
a Representative in Congress, from that 
State, from 1819 to 1821. 

McCreary, William.— ISie was a 

Representative in Congress, from Mary- 
laud, from 1803 to 1809. 

McCreedy, William. — He was a 

Representative in Congress, from Pennsvl- 
vania, from 1829 to 1831. 

3IcCreery, Thomas C — He was 

born in Kentucky in 1817; studied law, 
but, instead of practising the profession, 
turned his attention to agricultural pur- 
suits; was a Presidental Elector in 1852; 
a visitor to the West Point Academy in 
1858 ; and in 1868 he was elected a Senator, 
in Congress, in the place of James Guthi'ie 
resigned, and his term will expire in 1871. 

McCulloch, George. — He was born 

in Pennsylvania, and was a Representative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1840 to 
1841. 

McCulloch, John.— He was born in 
Pennsylvania, and was a Representative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1853 to 
1855. 

McCulloch, Thomas G.—lle was 
born in Franklin County, Pennsylvania, 
and was a Representative iu Congress, 
from that State, from 1820 to 1822, Ibrthe 
unexpired term of D. Fullerton. 

3fcCullough, Siram. — He was 

born in Cecil County, Maryland, Septem- 
ber 20, 1813; educated at the Elkton 
Academy ; read law, and was admitted to 
the bar in 1838 ; was elected to the Mary- 
land Senate iu 1845, and re-elected in 
1846, serving as such until the adoption 
of the Constitution of 1851 ; in the winter 
of 1852-'53 he was appointed bv the Legis- 
lature one of the Coditiers of the laws of 
Maryland, and aided iu making the pres- 
ent code of that State. He also held va- 
rious offices of trust and responsibility 
connected with the courts, and the town 
and county of his residence ; and he was 
elected a Representative from Maryland 
to the Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on 
the Committee on the District of Colum- 



250 



BIOGBAFIIICAL BECOBDS. 



bla. Re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, 
serving on his old committee, and on that 
on Accounts. 

McDonald, J'osepJi ^.— Bora in 
Ohio, and was a Eepresentative in Con- 
gress, from that State, from 1849 to 1851. 

McDougall, Alexander.— Rq was 
a Delegate, from New York, to the Conti- 
nental Congress from 1781 to 1782, and 
again in 178-t and 1785. He served as 
a Major-General in the Continental army, 
having been appointed to that office in 
1777; and was a member of the State 
Senate from January, 1784, until his death, 
which occurred June 9, 1786. 

McDougall, James A. —Was born 
in Bethleliein, Albany County, New York, 
November 19, 1817; received his educa- 
tion at the Albany grammar school ; as- 
sisted in the survey of the first railway 
ever built in this country, that of Albany 
and Schenectady; studied law, and adopt- 
ed that profession ; removed to Pike 
County, Illinois, in 1837; in 1842 he was 
chosen Attorney-General of Illinois; re- 
elected in 1844; in 1849 he originated and 
accompanied an exploring expedition to 
Rio del Norte, the Gila, and Colorado ; he 
afterwards emigrated to California, and 
followed his profession at San Francisco; 
in 1850 was elected Attorney-General of 
California; was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from California, from 1853 to 1855, 
declining a renoraination ; and in 1861 he 
was elected a Senator in Congress, for 
six years, serving on the Committees on 
Finance and Naval Affairs, and as Chair- 
man of the Committee on the Pacific 
Railroad. He was also a Delegate to the 
" Chicago Convention" of 1864, and to the 
Philadelpliia " National Union Conven- 
tion " of 1866. Died at Albany, Septem- 
ber 3, 1867. 

McDowell, James,— Tie was born 
in Rockbridge County, Virginia, in 1796, 
and graduated at Princeton College in 
1817. He was Governor of Virginia from 
1842 to 1845, and from 1845 to 1851 he was 
a Representative in Congress, from the 
Eleventh Congressional District of Vir- 
ginia. In 1846 his Alma Mater conferred 
on him the degree of LL.D. He was an 
eloquent speaker, an upright man, and a 
true patriot. He died near Lexington, 
Virginia, August 24, 1851. ■ 

McDowell, James Foster. — Born 
in Mifflin County, Pennsylvania, Decem- 
ber 3, 1825; went with his parents to 
Ohio in 1835 ; served for a time in a print- 
ing-office, during which apprenticeship he 
studied law, and came to the bar in his 
twenty-first year, and his first office was 
that of County Attorney. In 1851 he set- 
tled in Indiana, and established the 
"Marion Journal j" was Presidential Elect- 



or in 1852 ; and in 1862 he was elected a 
Representative, from Indiana, to the Thir- 
ty-eighth Congress, serving on the Com- 
mittee on Invalid Pensions. 

McDowell, Joseph.— Born in Win- 
chester, Virginia, and emigrated with liis 
father to North Carolina, where he took 
an active part in the military operations 
of IJie time, and was at the battle of 
King's Mountain. He was a member of 
the House of Commons from 1782 to 1788, 
and a Representative in Congress from 
1793 to 1795, and again from 1797 to 
1799. 

McDowell, Joseph J. — He was 

born in North Carolina, and, on removing 
to Kentucky, was elected a Representative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1843 to 

1847. 

McDuffle, George. — He was born in 
Columbia County, Georgia, in 1788; was 
for a time a clerk in Augusta; graduated 
at the South Carolina College in 1813; 
adopted the profession of law; served a 
number of years in the State Legislature; 
was a Trustee of his Alma Mater; a 
Major of Militia; was elected a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from South Caro- 
lina, in 1821, and served until 1835, when 
he was chosen Governor of the State. In 
1843 he was elected a Senator of the 
United States, but was compelled by ill 
health to resign that station before the 
expiration of his term of office. His ill 
health was partly the result of a duel, 
wliich he fought in Augusta. Georgia, with 
Colonel Gumming, in which he was wound- 
ed. He was a co-worker and friend of 
Calhoun and Hayne, and an eloquent de- 
fender of the peculiar iustituti(ras of the 
South. He died in Sumter District, South 
Carolina, March 11, 1851. 

3IcFarlan, Duncan. — A Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from North Caro- 
lina, from 1805 to 1807, and subsequently 
a member of the State Senate for three 
years. 

McGaughey, Edivard W. — He 
was born in Indiana, and was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from that State, 
from 1845 to 1847, and for another term 
ending in 1851. Died August 18, 1852. 

McJSatton, Jtobert, — He was a 

Representative in Congress, from Ken- 
tucky, from 1826 to 1829. 

McSenry, Ja'hnes, — He was bora 

about^the year 1755 ; was liberally educa- 
ted; adopted the profession of medicine, 
but did not practise ; served in the Rev- 
olutionary struggle as an Aide-de-Camp to 
General Washington, and also to General 
Lafayette; was a Delegate, from Mary- 
land, to the Continental Congress from 



BIOGBAPHICAL BEC0BD3. 



251 



1783 to 1786; was a member of the Con- 
vention that formed the Federal Consti- 
tution, and signed that instrument; was 
Secretary of War from 1796 to 1801, hav- 
ing been appointed by Washington and 
continued in office by President Adams ; 
but, as he opposed the policy of the Ex- 
ecutive, he Avas dismissed from the cabi- 
net with Timothy Pickering. 

McHenry, John SC.—Ue was born 
in Kentucky, and was a liepresentative in 
Congress, from that State, from 18i3 to 
1847. 

Mcllvaine, Ahrahatn It. —Born 
at Crura Creek, Delaware, August 14, 
1804. He was bred a farmer, in which 
pursuit he Avas eminently successful ; and 
was a Representative in Congress, from 
Pennsylvania, from 1843 to 1849. Died in 
Chester County, Pennsylvania, in August, 
1863. 

31cllvaine, Joseph. — Was born in 
Bristol, Bucks County, Pennsylvania, in 
1768; received a good education, and was 
admitted to the bar in New Jersey in 
1791 ; he tooli an interest in military mat- 
ters, and in 1798 attained the rankof Cap- 
tain in McPhersou's Regiment of Blues; 
in 1800 he was elected Clerk of Burling- 
ton County, and held the office twenty- 
four years ; in 1801 he was appointed, by 
President Jefferson, Attorney of the 
United States for New Jersey, which 
office he also held for twenty j'eai-s; in 
1804 he was appointed Aide-de-Camp of 
the Governor of New Jersey, with the 
title of Colonel ; in 1818 he was appointed 
Judge of the Superior Court of New Jer- 
sey, but declined the appointment; and 
he was a Senator in Congress, from New 
Jersey, from 1823 to 1826, having died in 
Burlington on the 19th of August of the 
latter year. He was a man of high char- 
acter and great influence. 

Mclndoe, Walter 1>.— Was born 
in Scotland, March 30, 1819; emigrated 
to New York City in his fifteenth year ; and 
was a clerk in a large mercantile house ; 
followed the same pursuit in Charleston, 
South Carolina, and in St. Louis, Mis- 
souri, and subsequently settled in Wis- 
consin, and engaged in the lumber 
business; served in the Wisconsin 
Legislature in 1850, 1854, and 1855 ; was 
a Presidential Elector in 1856 and 1860; 
and was elected a Repi-esentative, from 
Wisconsin, to the Thirty-seventh Con- 
gress (in place of Luther Hanchett, 
deceased), and was re-elected to the 
Thirty-eighth Congress, serving on the 
Committees on Indian Afitiirs and Revo- 
lutionary Pensions. Re-elected to the 
Thirty-ninth Congress, serving as Chair- 
man of the Committee on Revolutionary 
Pensions, and again on that on Indian 
Affairs. He was also a Delegate to the 



Philadelphia "Loyalists' Convention " of 
1866. 

31clntlre, Miifus,— Born in York, 
County of York, Maine, December 19, 
1784; received a common-school educa- 
tion, and, by teaching for two or three 
years, acquired the means to fit himself 
for college at South Berwick Academy, 
and graduated at Dartmouth in 1809. He 
studied law, and was admitted to practice 
in 1812. In the mean time war was de- 
clared, and he was appointed Captain of 
Militia, and remained in service on the 
frontier until peace was declared, after 
which he returned to the practice of his 
profession at York. He represented that 
town in the "Brunswick Convention;" 
and, after the separation from Massachu- 
setts, he was a Representative in the 
Legislature at its first session; he was 
then appointed County Attorney, which 
office he held till elected to Congress as 
Representative of Maine, serving from 
1827 to 1835. In 1826 he was a Commis- 
sioner for settling the boundary line of 
his State, and in 1836 was a member of 
the Legislature, and was appointed Land- 
Agent for two years in 1839. He was 
subsequently United States Marshal for 
Maine, and Surveyor of the port of Port- 
land four years. He was connected with 
two or three academies as overseer, and 
was a member of the Board of Overseers 
of Bowdoin College. Died in Partous- 
field, April 28, 1866. 

JSIcJKay , Ja'tnes «7.— Born in Bladen 
County, North Carolina, in 1793. He was 
bred to the law and served from 1815 to 
1831 in the State Senate, and was at one 
time United States District Attorney. He 
was a Representative in Congress from 
1831 to 1849, and was for a time Chairman 
of the Committee of Ways and Means. 
At the " Baltimore Convention," in 1848, 
which nominated Lev^is Cass for Presi- 
dent, he received the vote of the North 
Carolina delegation as candidate for Vice- 
President. He died in Goklsborough, 
North Carolina, September 14, 1853. 

McLean, Ja'ines Bedell.— Bovn in 
Hoosic, Rensselaer County, New York, 
August 5, 182 L ; during his youth he worked 
upon liis father's farm in Saratoga County, 
receiving his education chiefly from the 
district school and academies; taught 
school for a time, and became a school 
Superintendent for the town where he 
lived ; served one term as a Professor in 
Jonesville Academy ; was a Colonel of 
Infaniry; he studied law and was admit- 
ted to the bar in 1849; in 1854 he was 
elected County Judge for Saratoga Coun- 
ty for four years; and in 1858 was 
elected a Representative from New York 
to the Thirty-sixth Congress, serving as 
Chairman of the Committee on Expendi- 
tures in the State Department. Re-elected 



252 



BIOGBAPRICAL BECOBDS, 



to the Thirty-seventh Congress, serving 
as Chairman of the Committee on Expend- 
itures in the State Department and on the 
Committee on Elections, as he had done in 
the previous Congress. In 1861 he raised 
the 77th Regiment of N. Y. Volunteers and 
commanded it in the Army of the Potomac. 

McKean, Samuel.— B.e was born in 
Huntington County, Pennsylvania, and 
was a Representative in Congress, from 
Pennsylvania, from 1823 to 1829 and a 
Senator of the United States from 1833 to 
1839. He died June 23, 1840, in McKean 
County. He was a man of talent and in- 
fluence. 

McKean, Thomas. — Born in Ches- 
ter County, Pennsylvania, March 19, 1734; 
received a liberal education and adopted 
the profession of law. In 1762 he was 
elected to the Delaware Assembly, and 
continued in that station for eleven \ ears; 
was a Delegate to the New York Congress 
in 1765 ; while holding the office of Chief 
Justice in Pennsylvania, he was elected a 
Delegate, from Delaware, to the Conti- 
nental Congress, from 1774 to 1776, and 
from 1778 to 1783; was a signer of the 
Declaration of Independence and of the 
Articles of Confederation; was Judge of 
the Court of Common Pleas in Delaware ; 
he served in the army as a Colonel ; was a 
member of the Convention to form the 
Constitution of Delaware, and was the 
author of that instrument; he was also a 
member of the Convention which formed 
the Constitution of Pennsylvania in 1790; 
and he was Governor of Pennsylvania from 
1799 to 1808. He was the only man who 
served through all the sessions of the Con- 
tinental Congress, and was President of 
that body in"l781. Died in Philadelphia, 
June 24, 1817, leaving a high reputation 
for patriotism and ability. 

McKee, J'ohn.—'H.e was born in Rock- 
bridge County, Virginia, and was at one 
time a Government Agent among the 
Choctaw Indians, also a Commissioner for 
settling the boundary line of Tennessee, 
and was a Representative in Congress, 
from that State, from 1823 to 1829. 

3IcE.ee, Samuel. — He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Kentucky, 
from 1809 to 1817. 

McKee, Samuel.— "Re was born in 
Montgomery County, Kentucky, Novem- 
ber 4, 1833; received a common-school 
education, attending school in winter,and 
working upon his father's farm the balance 
of the year; graduated at Miami Univer- 
sity, Ohio, in 1857, and also at the Cincin- 
nati Law School in 1858, since which time 
he has been devoted to the practice of law. 
He served in the Union army as Captain 
of the Fourteenth Kentucky Cavalry from 
i862 to 1864, having been a prisoner in 



Libby Prison for thirteen months ; and in 
1865 he was elected a Representative from 
Kentucky to the Thirty-ninth Congress, 
serving on the Committees on Claims, Ex- 
penses in the Interior Department, and 
the Special Committee on the Civil Ser- 
vice. He was also a Delegate to the Phila- 
delphia "Loyalists' Convention" of 1866. 

McKennan, Thom,as M. T.— He 

was a Representative in Congress, from 
Pennsylvania, from 1831 to 1839, and from 
1841 to 1843, and died at Reading, July 9 

1852. 

McILenty, J'acob K.—Tle was born 
in Douglassville, Berks County, Pennsyl- 
vania, in 1827 ; graduated at Yale College 
in 1848, and at the Yale Law School in 
1850 ; settled in Reading, and commenced 
the practice of law in 1851 ; in 1856 he 
was elected District Attorney for Berks 
County ; and was elected a Representative, 
from Pennsylvania, to the Thirty-sixth 
Congress, for the unexpired term of J. 
Swartz, deceased. Died in Douglassville, 
Berks County, January 3, 1866. 

McKeon, J'ohn.—'B.Q was born in 
New York, and was educated a lawyer. In 
1832, 1833, and 1834 he served in the Leg- 
islature of New York, and was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from that State, 
from 1835 to 1837, and again from 1841 to 
1843. He was twice appointed United 
States District Attorney for the Southern 
District of New York. He was also a 
Delegate to the " Chicago Convention " of 
1864, and to the Philadelphia "National 
Union Convention" of 1866. 

McKibbin, Joseph C.—He was 
born in Pennsylvania; and, having taken 
up his residence in California, was elected 
a Representative from that State to the 
Thirty-fifth Congress, and was a member 
of the Committee on Public Lands and on 
Private Land Claims. 

McKint, Alexander. — Born in 1748, 
and died at Baltimore, January 18, 1832. 
He was a member of Congress, from 
Maryland, from 1809 to 1815. 

McKim-, Isaac. — He was a much re- 
spected and wealthy merchant of Balti- 
more ; a member of Congress, from Mary- 
land, from 1823 to 1825, and again from 
1835 to 1838; and died in Washington, 
April 1, 1838. 

3IcKinley, t7oftw.— Born in Virginia; 
removed to Kentucky, thence to Alabama; 
and he was a Senator In Congress, from 
Alabama, from 1826 to 1837. In 1837 he 
was appointed a Justice of the Supreihe 
Court of the United States, and died in 
Louisville, Kentucky, July 19, 1852. 

McKinley, William,.— B.e was a 



BIOGBAPIIICAL BECOBDS. 



253 



Eopresentative in Congress, from Virginia, 
from 1810 to 1811. 

BIcKinney, John F.—Tle was born 
Dear Piqiia, Uhio, April 12, 1827; spent 
his boyliood chiefly on a farm ; received an 
academic education, and spent one year 
at tlie Ohio Wesleyan University ; adopted 
the profession of law; and in 1862 he was 
elected a Representative, from Oiiio, to the 
Thirty-eighth Congress, serving on the 
Committees on Uniinished Business, and 
on the Militia. 

McKissock, Thomas.— Tie was born 
in Ulster County, New Yorii, in 1798. He 
received a classical education ; was bred 
first to the medical and afterwards to the 
legal profession ; was, under the old or- 
ganization, a Judge of the Supreme Court 
of New Yorli ; and a Representative in 
Congress from 1849 to 1851. 

McKnight, Moberf.—BoTn in Pitts- 
burg, Pennsylvania, in 1820; graduated at 
Princeton College in 1839 ; studied law, 
and was admitted to the bar in 1842 ; from 
1847 to 1849, both inclusive, he was a 
member of the City Councils of Pittsburg, 
the last two years President of that body ; 
and was elected a Representative, from 
Pennsylvania, to the Thirty-sixth Con- 
gress, serving as a member of the Com- 
mittee on Elections. Re-elected to the 
Thirtj'-seventh Coogress, serving on the 
Committees on Foreign Affairs, and on 
Public Buildings. 

McLane, Louis. — He was born in 

Smyrna, Kent County, Delaware, May 28, 
1784. When twelve years of age he was 
appointed a midshipman in the navy, on 
leaving which, in 1801, he studied law, 
and was admitted to the bar in 1807 ; in 
1812 he was a volunteer in a company 
commanded by Csesar H. Rodney, and 
marched to the relief of Baltimore when 
threatened by the British. He was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from Delaware, 
from 1817 to 1827; and was chosen by the 
Legislature, a Senator in Congress from 
1827 to 1829 ; was appointed in 1829, by 
President Jackson, Minister to England, 
where he remained two years , and in 1831 
he received the appointment of Secretary 
of the Treasury ; and in 1833 that of Sec- 
retary of State under President Jackson. 
In June, 1834, he retired from political 
life, and in 1837 was chosen President of 
the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Company, 
and, removing to Maryland, discharged 
the duties of that office until 1847. During 
the administration of President Polk, he 
accepted the mission to England while the 
Oregon negotiations were pending ; after 
which he "returned to Maryland, and in 
1850 represented Cecil County in the "State 
Constitutional Convention," and then re- 
tired to private life. He held a high rank 



as a statesman, and died in Baltimore, 
Maryland, in 1847. 

3IcLane, Robert iff.— Born in Del- 
aware, June 23, 1815; was educated at 
Washington College, District of Colum- 
bia, and at St. Mary's College, Baltimore; 
went to Europe with his ftither, Louis Mc- 
Lane, in 1829, and on his return entered the 
West Point Academy,which he left in 1837 ; 
he served as an army officer in Florida, 
the Cherokee country, and in the North- 
west; in 1843 he was admitted to the bar 
of Baltimore ; in 1845 and 1846 was elected 
to the Maryland Legislature; and from 
1847 to 1851 was a Representative in Con- 
gress from Maryland. In 1852 he was a 
Presidential Elector, and in 1853 he was 
appointed, by President Pierce, Minister 
to China, and on his return resumed the 
practice of his profession in Baltimore. In 
March, 1859, he was appointed, by Presi- 
dent Buchanan, Minister to Mexico, but 
resigned in November, 1860. 

McLean, Alney. — He was born in 
Burke County, Nortli Carolina, and was a 
Representative in Congress, from Ken- 
tucky, from 1815 to 1817, and again from 
1819 to 1821. 

McLean, Finis E.—Ue was born in 
Kentucky, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1849 to 
1851. 

McLean, John. — Born in Morris 
County, New Jersey, in 1785. Four years 
after his birth his father emigrated with his 
family to Virginia, whence he removed to 
Kentucky, and finally settled in the State 
of Ohio. Here the son received a scanty 
education ; and, having determined to pur- 
sue the legal profession, he engaged at the 
age of eighteen to write in the Clerk's 
office at Cincinnati, in order to maintain 
himself, by devoting a portion of his time 
to that labor, while engaged in his studies. 
In 1807 he was admitted to the bar, and 
entered upon the practice of the law at 
Lebanon. Ohio. In 1812 he became a can- 
didate to represent his district in Con- 
gress, and was elected by a large major- 
ity. He professed the political principles 
of the Democratic party, being an ardent 
supporter of the war, and of President 
Madison's administration. In 1814 he was 
again elected to Congress by a unanimous 
vote, — a circumstance of rare occurrence, 
— and remained a member of the House of 
Representatives until 1816, when, the Leg- 
islature of Ohio having elected him a 
Judge of the Supreme Court of the State, 
he resigned his seat in Congress at the 
close of the session. He remained sis 
years upon the Supreme Bench of Ohio. 
In 1822 he was appointed Commissioner 
of the General Land Office by President 
Monroe ; and in 1823 he became Poslmas- 



254 



BIOGBAPUICAL BECOBDS. 



ter-General. In the year 1829 he was ap- 
pointed, by President Jackson, a Justice 
of the United States Supreme Court, aftei* 
he had refused the offer of the War and 
Navy Departments. He entered upon the 
discliarge of his judicial duties at the 
January Term of 1830, and died in Cincin- 
nati, April 4, 1861. 

McLean, tTohn.—Tle was a Eepre- 
sentative in Congress, from Illinois, dur- 
ing tlie years 1818 and 1819; was a Sena- 
tor in Congress, from that State, from 
1824 to 1825, and again from 182D to 1830, 
having died on the 4th of October of the 
latter year. 

McLean, Samuel.— Tie was elected 
a Delegate from the Territory of Monta- 
na to the Thirty-eighth Congress, and was 
re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress. 

McLean, Williatn.—E.Q was a na- 
tive of Morris County, New Jersey; a 
Representative in Congress, from Ohio, 
from 1823 to 1829, and died at Cincinnati, 
October 12, 1839, He was a brother of 
Judge McLean, and when in Congress was 
mainly Instrumental in procuring an ap- 
propriation of half a million of acres of 
land for the extension of the Ohio Canal 
from Cincinnati to Cleveland. After his 
service in Congress he was engaged in 
business in Cincinnati. 

McLene, J'ereiniah.—B.e was born 
in 1767, and died in Washington City, 
March 19, 1837. He was for twenty-one 
years Secretary of State of Ohio, and a 
ilepresentative in Congress, from that 
State, from 1833 to 1837. 

McManus, 7Fi??ia»»*.— Hewas born 
in Rensselaer County, New York, and was 
a Representative in Congress, from New 
York, from 1825 to 1827. 

McMullen, Fayette.— Hq was born 
in Virginia, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1849 to 
1855, and in May, 1857, he was appointed, 
by President Buchanan, Governor of the 
Territory of Washington. 

McNair, John. — He was born in 
Pennsylvania in 1800, and was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from that State, 
from 1851 to 1855. Died at Evansport, 
Prince William County, Virginia, in Au- 
gust, 1861. 

McNlel, Archibald. — Born in Cum- 
berland County, North Carolina; entered 
the House of Commons in 1808 ; re-elected 
in 1809 ; served in the State Senate in 1811 
and 1815, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from North Carolina, from 1821 
to 1823, and again from 1825 to 1827. 

McPherson, Edward, — Born in 



Gettysburg, Adams County, Pennsylvania, 
July 31, 1830; graduated at Pennsylvania 
College in 1848; devoted some attention . 
to the printing business, and edited a pa- 
per at Harrisburg in 1851, and for several 
years afterwards. On account of his health 
he subsequently turned his attention to 
agricultural pursuits; and in 1858 was 
elected a Representative, from Pennsylva- 
nia, to the Thirty-sixth Congress, serving 
on the Committees on Public Buildings 
and Grounds, and Naval Affairs. He has 
delivered many public addresses on liter- 
ary and other topics, and is the author of 
two series of letters touching the iuternal 
affairs of his native State. Re-elected to 
the Thirty-seventh Congress, serving as 
Chairman of the Committee on the Libra- 
ry, and as a member of the Committee on 
Military Affairs ; and in 1863 he was ap- 
pointed Deputy Commissioner of the Rev- 
enue in the Treasury Department; and on 
the meeting of the 'iliirty-eighth Congress 
he was elected Clerk of the House of Rep- 
resentatives, and re-elected Clerk for the 
Thirty-ninth Congress. During his last 
term in Congress he was a Regent of the 
Smithsonian Institution. He was also a 
member and Secretary of the "Union Na- 
tional Committee," from 1860 to 1864, and 
was re-elected Clerk of the House for the 
Fortieth Congi-ess. In 1864 he published 
"The Political History of the United 
States of America during the Great Re- 
bellion;" also "A Political Manual for 
1866 ; " and subsequently devoted much of 
ills attention to forming an Analytical 
Collection of the Political Literature of 
the great Rebellion, consisting of paraph- 
lets and newspapers, which has been 
pronounced unique and of great value. He 
was also a Delegate to the Philadelphia 
"Loyalists' Convention" of 1866; and in 
1867 received from Pennsylvania College 
the degree of LL.D. 

3IcQween, John. — He was born in 

Robinson County, North Carolina, in 1808. 
He claimed descent in a direct line from 
the heroic Robert Bruce of Scotland, and 
his father, James McQueen, was a nephew 
of the celebnited Flora MacDonald. He 
received a good education under the guid- 
ance of an elder brother. Rev. A. McQueen, 
who was a graduate of the Chapel Hill 
University, North Carolina. He com- 
menced the study of law in his native 
State, and completed his course of study 
in South Carolina, to which he removed 
at an early day. He was admitted to the 
bar in 1828, and, having settled in Marl- 
borough District, he there commenced, 
and has ever since, as his public calls 
have permitted, continued the practice of 
his profession with success. During the 
Nullification times of 1833 he was elected 
a Colonel of the State Militia; in 1834 a 
Brigadier-General; and in 1835 a Major- 
General, which last position he held for 
ten years, and then resigned. He was 



BIOaBAPHICAL BECOBDS. 



255: 



elected a Eepresentative in Congress in 
184y, and was a member down to the Thir- 
ty-.sixtli Congress, serving on leading com- 
"niittees. Re-elected to tlie Tliirly-seventli 
Congress. Withdrew in December, 18(50, 
and joined tlie Kebelliou. Died at Society 
Hill, South Carolina, September 13, 1867. 

McRae, tTohn J. — He was bora in 
Wayne County, Mississippi; received a 
good education; adopted the profession 
of law; was electedfrequently to the State 
Legislature, and during two sessions offi- 
ciated as Speaker ; was also elected to tlie 
State Senate; was, in 1851, by appoint- 
ment, for a short time in the United States 
Senate; was Governor of Mississippi from 
1854: to 1858; and was elected to the sec- 
ond session of the Thirty-fifth Congress, 
from Mississippi, as the successor to Gen- 
eral Quitman; and was re-elected to the 
Thirty-sixth Congress, serving on the 
Committee on Military Affairs. Joined 
the great Eebelliou in 1861. 

McMeady, James.— ^q was a Eep- 
resentative in Congress, from South Caro- 
lina, from 1819 to 1821. 

3IcJRoT)erts, Samuel. —lie was a 

Senator in Congress, from Illinois, from 
1841 to the time of his death, which oc- 
curred March 27, 1843, in Cincinnati, Ohio, 
aged about forty years. He was a native 
of Illinois; educated at Transylvania Uni- 
versity; was a lawyer by profession; held 
the olHce of Judge of one of the higher 
Courts ; was a member of the Illinois Sen- 
ate ; and held the position of District At- 
torney for the United States in Illinois. 

McMuer, Donald C— He was born 
in Maine in 1826; educated at public 
schools and academies ; adopted the mer- 
cantile profession; and, having emigrated 
to California, tilled the office of Harbor 
Commissioner for that State, and in 1864 
was elected a Eepresentative, from Cali- 
fornia, to the Thirty-ninth Congress, serv- 
ing on the Committees on Public Lauds, 
and the Post Office and Post Eoads. 

McSherry, James.— 'S.e was a native 
of Adams County, Pennsylvania; served 
twenty years in the Legislature of that 
State ; was a Delegate to reform the Con- 
stitution of the same ; and a Eepresenta- 
tive in Congress, from Pennsylvania, from 
1821 to 1823. Died at Littlestown, Penn- 
sylvania, February 3, 1849. 

Mc Vean, Charles.— Re was born at 
Johnstown, New York, in 1802, and died 
in the City of New York, December 20, 
1848. He was bred to the law, which he 
practised with success in Montgomery 
County, until he removed to New York. 
He held the office of Surrogate ; served as 
a Eepresentative in Congress, from 1833 



to 1835 ; and at the time of his death was 
District Attorney for Southern New York. 

3Ic Willie, William.— Yle was born 
in Kershaw District, South Carolina, No- 
vember 17, 1795 ; graduated at the South 
Carolina College in 1817 ; adopted the pro- 
fession of law ; came to the bar in 1818 ; 
was an Adjutant of Militia; was a Repre- 
sentative and Senator in the Legislature 
of South Carolina; and, on removing to 
Mississippi, in 1845, was elected a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from that State, 
from 1849 to 1851. He was also President 
of a bank for several years; and elected 
Governor of the State in 1858. 

Madison, James.— B.e was born on 
the Rappahannock River, in Virginia, 
March 16, 1751; and, after due prepara- 
tion, he entered Princeton College in 1769, 
and graduated in 1771, going through the 
junior and senior studies in one year. He 
remained at the College until 1772, for the 
purpose of studying Hebrew. In 1776 he 
was sent to the General Assembly, and in 
1778 was a member of the Executive Coun- 
cil ; from 1779 to 1785 he was a member of 
the Continental Congress, and was chosen 
a second time in 1786 ; he was a member 
of the " Convention at Philadelphia," 
which formed the Federal Consitution, 
and signed that instrument, and lie was a 
Eepresentative in Congress, from Vir- 
ginia, under the Constitution, from 1789 
to 1797 ; and was one of tliose who voted 
for locating the Seat of Government on 
the Potomac. In 1798 he went again into 
the Assembly, and in 1800 was an Elector 
for President. In 1801 he was Secretary 
of State of the United States, which office 
he held until 1809, when he was elected 
President of the United States, and served 
two entire terms. After leaving the Ex- 
ecutive chair, he retired to private life on 
his estate, known as Montpelier. He was 
subsequently a Visitor and Eector of the 
University of Virginia ; and in 1829 a mem- 
ber of the " State Convention," which was 
the last public position he held. He was 
one of the contributors to the " Federal- 
ist," and his collected State papers and 
miscellaneous writings have been pub- 
lished in several volumes ; his "Eeport of 
the Debates in the Federal Convention 
of 1787 " having been accepted as a politi- 
cal text-book of great value. He died at 
Montpelier, Orange County, Virginia, 
June 28, 1836, and a work on his Life and 
Times was published by William C. Eives 
in 1861. 

Magee, JoJin.—Re was born in New 
York, and was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from that State, from 1827 to 1831. 

Magruder, Allan J5.— A native of 

Kentucky, and a lawyer by profession. Ha 

, removed to Louisania, and in 1805 pub- 



256 



JBIOaHAPHICAL BECOBDS. 



lished "Reflections on the Cession of 
Louisiana to the United States ; " and was 
a Senator in Congress, from tliat State, 
from 1812 to 1813. He liad collected ma- 
terials for a g-eneral history of the Indians. 
He died at Opelousas, Louisiana, in April, 
1822. 

Magruder, JPatrich. — He was born 
in Montgomery County, Maryland, in 
1768 ; educated at Princeton College ; 
adopted the profession of law ; and was a 
Representative in Congress, from Mary- 
land, from 1805 to 1807 ; and was Clerk of 
the United States House of Representa- 
tives from 1807 to 1815. He died In 
Petersburg, Virginia, in 1819 or 1820. 

Malbone, Francis. — He was a Sen- 
ator in Congress, from Rhode Island, in 
1809, having previously been a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from that State, from 
1793 to 1797. He died June 4, 1809. 

Mallary, Hollin C— He was born 
in New Haven, Connecticut, in 1784; 
graduated at Middlebury College in 1805 ; 
and died in Baltimore, April 16, 1831. He 
represented the State of Vermont in Con- 
gress from 1820 to 1831, and took an ac- 
tive part in all matters appertaining to 
Commerce, as Chairman of an important 
committee. He was held in the highest 
estimation both for his public acts and 
private virtues. 

Mallory, Francis.— "Rq was born in 
Virginia, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1837 to 
1839, and again from 1841 to 1843. Died 
at Norfolk, March 26, 1860. 

Mallory f Meredith.— Born in Con- 
necticut, and was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from New York, from 1839 to 
1841. 

Mallory, Mobert.—Tle was born in 
Madison County, Virginia, November 15, 
1815; graduated at the University of Vir- 
ginia in 1827; removed to Kentucky in 
1839, where he has devoted the most of his 
life to agricultural pursuits; and he was 
elected a Representative, from Kentucky, 
to the Thirty-sixth Congress, serving as a 
member of the Committee on Roads and 
Canals; re-elected to the Thirty-seventh 
Congress, serving as Chairman of the 
Committee on Roads and Canals ; and also 
elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, 
serving on the Committee on Ways and 
Means. He was also a Delegate to the 
Philadelphia " National Union Conven- 
tion" of 1866. 

Mallory, Mufus. — He was born in 
Chenango County, New York, June 10, 
1831 ; in 1855 he removed to Iowa, where 
he resided three years ; in 1858 he settled 
in Oregon, and, having studied law, came 



to the bar in 1861 ; was soon afterwards 
elected Prosecuting Attorney for the lirst 
Judicial District; in 1862 he was elected 
to the State Legislature; after serving 
one session, he was appointed Prosecuting 
Attorney for the Third Judicial District, 
which otSce he held until 1866 ; and in that 
year he was elected a Representative from 
Oregon to the Fortieth Congress, serving 
on the Committees on Mines and Mining, 
and the Pacific Railway. 

Mallory, Stephen J2.— He was bora 
in Nassau, about 1810; removed to Key 
West, Florida, when young; studied law 
and came to the bar in that State ; was a 
Delegate to the " Nashville Convention " 
of 1850; and he was at one time a corre- 
spondent for the " New York Herald." 
He was a Senator in Congress, from Flor- 
ida, having been elected in 1851, serving 
continuously, by re-election, uutil 1861. 
He was Chairman of th^ Committee on 
Naval Affairs, aud a member of the Com- 
mittee on Claims. He was expelled March 
11, 1861, and took part in the Rebellion 
as Secretary of the Rebel Navy. After 
the Rebellion he was arrested as a Pris- 
oner of State, and released on his parole 
in March, 1866, and in 1867 he was par- 
doned by President Johnson. 

Mangum, Willie P. — Born in 
Orange County, North Carolina, in 1792, 
aud graduated at the University of that 
State in 1815. He studied law, rose to 
eminence in his profession, entered into 
politics, and was elected to the House of 
Commons in 1818. In 1819 he was elected 
a Judge of the Supei'ior Court; and from 
1823 to 1826 served as a Representative 
in Congress. He was also a Presidential 
Elector in 1829. He was elected a United 
States Senator in 1831, re-elected in 1841, 
and for a third term of six years, in 1847, 
serving from 1842 to 1845 as President 
pro tern., of that body. In 1837 he re- 
ceived eleven electoral votes for President 
of the United States; and,, during the 
administration of President Tyler, was 
President of the United States Senate. 
He subsequently lived in retirement at his 
home in North Carolina. Died Septem- 
ber 14, 1861. 

Mann, Jr., Abijah.—Born at Fair- 
field, Herkimer County, New York, Sep- 
tember 24, 1793; he received a good . 
common-school education, and became 
a teacher in the district school in Oneida 
County; he was afterwards a merchant, 
Postmaster, and Justice of the Peace ; and 
elected to the Legislature in 1827, serving 
by re-elections until 1830. He was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress from 1833 to 1837, 
during which time he served on several 
committees, being once Chairman of the 
Committee on Rules and Orders of the 
House. In 1837, on returning to his na- 
tive county, he was again re-elected to 



BIOOBAPHICAL BECOBDS. 



257 



llie Legislature. He afterwards removed 
U) New York City, and declined all ofHcial 
I employments. 

Mann, Morace.—Bom in Franklin, 
Norfolk County, Massachusetts, May i, 
1796. He was, to some degree, self-edu- 
cated, but graduated at Brown University 
in 1819, where he subsequently held the 
position of Tutor of Latin and Greek; he 
studied law at Litchfield, Connecticut, and 
while counsellor-at-law, in Dedham, Mas- 
sachusetts, where he settled in 1826, was 
elected to the State Legislatui'e. He re- 
moved to Boston in 1834, where he was 
elected to the State Senate, chosen Presi- 
dent of that body, and also President of 
the Massachusetts Board of Education, 
which he was foremost in founding; he 
also rendered important services in behalf 
of the Normal Schools of Massachusetts, 
and was elected a member of Congress 
from 18-18 to 1853. After that time he 
continued to be devoted to matters con- 
nected with education, having been ap- 
pointed President of Antioch College and 
the North-western Christian University at 
Indianapolis. He wrote much and well, 
and is remembered. as a benefactor to his 
race. Died at Yellow Springs, Ohio, 
August 2, 1859. In 1865 his life was pub- 
lished by his widow. 

3Iann, Job. — Born in Bethel Town- 
ship, Bedford County, Pennsylvania, 
March 31, 1705; received a comraon- 
scljool education; in 1816 was appointed 
Clerk to a Board of County Commission- 
ers ; two 5-ears afterwards he was ap- 
pointed Register, Recorder, and Clerk for 
the courts of Bedford County, all of 
which positions he continued to hold un- 
til 1835, wiien he was elected a Represent- 
ative in Congress, where he served one 
term. In 1839 he was admitted to the 
bar; in 1812 was appointed State Treas- 
urer, which office he held for three terms ; 
and in 1847 was again elected to Congress, 
where he served until 1851, declining a 
re-election. 

3Iann, Joel JK.— He was born in 
Pennsylvania in 1780, and was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from that State, 
from 1831 to 1835. He died in Mont- 
gomery County, Pennsylvania, September 
4, 1857. 

Manning, tTatnes.—He-was a native 
of New Jersey; graduated at Nassau 
Hall in 1762. He was one of the founders 
of Brown L'niversity: when that insti- 
tution was removed to Providence he 
became flrst President. He was pastor 
of the Baptist Church in that town, and 
continued in the charge of these two of- 
fices till his death, excepting an interval 
of six months, in 1785 and 1786, during 
which he was a Delegate to the Conti- 
17 



nental Congress. He died in 1791, aged 
fifty-two years. 

3Ianning, Michard I. — He was 

born in Sumter District, South Carolina, 
May 1, 1789; graduated at the State Col- 
lege at Columbia in 1811; commanded a 
volunteer company in the war of 1812; 
was frequently in the upper and lower 
House of the State Legislature ; was Gov- 
ernor of South Carolina for two years 
from 1824; a Representative in Congress, 
from 1834 to 1836; and died May 1, 1836, 
at Philadelphia, before the expiration of 
his term, very suddenly, while seated at 
the table with his family. He was greatly 
respected for his talents and virtues. 

Marahle, John Jff.— He was born in 
Brunswick County, Virginia, axd was a 
Representative in Congress, from Tennes- 
see, from 1825 to 1829. 

Marchand, Albert 6r.— He was a 
Representative in Congress, from Penn- 
sylvania, from 1839 to 1843 ; and died at 
his residence, in Greensburg, Pennsyl- 
vania, February 5, 1848. 

Marchand, David.—Be was born 
in Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania, 
and was a Representative in Congress, 
from that State, from 1817 to 1821. 

Marchant, Henry.— He was a Dele- 
gate from Rliode Island, to the Continental 
Congress, from 1777 to 1780, and again in 
1783 and 1784, and was one. of the signers 
of the Articles of Confederation. 

Marcjf, Daniel. — Born in New 

Hampshire, November 7, 1809; became a 
sailor when twelve years of age, and at 
twenty was master of a ship ; in 1853 and 
1854 he was a member of the New Hamp- 
shire Legislature; in 1856 and 1857, of the 
State Senate; was subsequently engaged 
in the mercantile and ship-building busi- 
ness; and was elected a Representative, 
from New Hampshire, to the Thirty-eighth 
Congress, serving on the Committees on 
Revolutionary Pensions and on Expendi- 
tures in the Navy Department. He was 
also a Delegate to the Philadelphia "Na- 
tional Union Convention " of 1866. 

Marcy, Willia^n Lamed.— B.QV7as 

born in Sturbridge, Worcester County, 
Massachusetts, in 1786, and died in Balls- 
ton Spa, New York, July 4, 1857. He 
graduated at Brown University in 1808; 
taught school for a while in Newport, 
Rhode Island; studied law, and com- 
menced practice in Troy, New York. He 
was appointed Recorder of that city in 
1816; made Comptroller in 1823, and re- 
moved to Albany. In 1829 he was ap- 
pointed Judge of the Supreme Court of 
the State. He was elected to the United 



258 



BIOGBAPIIICAL BECOBDS. 



States Senate in 1831, but resigned in 
1833, liaving served as Chairman of tiie 
Judiciar}^ Committee. Elected Governor 
of New York in 1832, and re-elected in 
1834 and 1836. He was Secretary of War 
under President Polli from 1845 to 1849, 
and Secretary of State under President 
Pierce from 1853 to 1857. He was a 
liard-worlving, careful, plain man, and a 
good scholar. As a statesman and diplo- 
matist he had the reputation of displaying 
both judgment and skill ; but his crowning 
virtue was his incorruptible integrity. 

Mardis, Sa^nuel ?F.— Born in Ala- 
bama, in 1^01, and died at Talladega, in 
that State, November 14, 1837. He was a 
Kepresentative in Congress, from Ala- 
bama, from 1831 to 1835, and was much 
respected for his manly virtues. 

Marion, Robert, — He was a native 
of S-outh Carolina, and a Kepresentative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1805 
to 1810. 

Marlcell, Henry.— Rq was born in 
Montgomery County, New York, and was 
a Representative in Congress, from New 
York, from 1825 to 1829. 

Marhell, Jacob. — He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from New York, 
from 1813 to 1815. 

MarMey, Philip S.—lle was born 
in Montgomery County, Pennsylvania, and 
was a Representative in Congress, from 
Pennsylvania, from 1823 to 1827, and was 
in the latter year appointed Naval Officer 
for the port of Philadelphia. 

Maries, William. — Was a Senator 
in Congress, from Pennsylvania, from 1825 
to 1831, serving as Chairman of the Com- 
mittee on Enrolled Bills. 

Marquette, T. M.—Re was elected 
a Representative from Nebraska to the 
Thirty-ninth Congress, but did not take 
his seat until the last day of the last ses- 
sion of said Congress. 

Marr, Alein. — He graduated at 
Princeton College in 1807 ; was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Pennsylvania, 
from 1829 to 1831. 

Marr, George W, L. — He was a 

Representative in Congress, from Tennes- 
see, from 1817 to 1819. 

Marrow, tTohn.—Ue was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Virginia, from 
1805 to 1809. 

Marsh, Charles. — Born at Lebanon, 
Connecticut, July 10, 1765, but with his 
father's family removed to Vermont be- 
fore the Revolution. He graduated at 



Dartmouth College in 1786, studied law, 
and commenced practice in Woodstock, 
Vermont. He was for fifty years devoted 
to his profession, and for a long time at 
the head of the bar in the State. He 
served as a member of Congress from 
1815 to 1817, and while in Washington 
became identified with the American 
Colonization Society as one of its founders. 
He acquired great popularity as a patron 
of benevolent societies generally, and was 
a highly influential and useful citizen. 
Died at Woodstock, Vermont, January 11, 
1849. The degree of LL.D. was conferred 
upon him by Dartmouth College. 

Marsh, George J*,— Born in Wood- 
stock, Vermont, March 15, 1801 ; was 
educated at Dartmouth College, where he 
graduated in 1820. He afterwards re- 
moved to Burlington, Vermont, where he 
commenced the study of the law, and 
afterwards made that place his home. 
After his admission to the bar, he came 
into an extensive practice, and devoted 
much of his time to politics. He was a 
member of the State Legislature in 1835, 
and in 1842 he took his seat in the United 
States House of Representatives, where 
he continued until he was sent as Resi- 
dent Minister to Turkey, in 1849, by 
President Taylor. At this post he ren- 
dered essential service to the cause of 
civil and religious toleration in the Turk- 
ish Empire. He was also charged with a 
special mission to Greece in 1852. He is 
well known as an author and a scholar. 
He has devoted much attention to the 
languages and literature of the North of 
Europe, and his sympathies appear to be 
with the Goths, whose presence he traces 
in whatever is great and peculiar in the 
character of the founders of New England. 
In a work entitled "The Goths in New 
England," he has contrasted the Gothic 
and Roman characters, which he appears 
to regard as the great antagonistic prin- 
ciples of society at the present day. He 
is also the author of a grammar of the old 
Northern or Icelandic language, and of 
various essays, literary and historical, re- 
lating to the Goths and iheir connections 
with America. He is the author of an in- 
teresting work on the Camel ; also of a 
work on the English Language, which oc- 
cupies a very high rank ; and still another 
of great merit, entitled " Man and Na- 
ture," and his miscellaneous published 
addresses and speeches are quite numer- 
ous. After his return from Turkey he i 
performed the duties of Commissioner of I 
Railroads for the State of Vermont. His i 
library is said to be one of the finest 
in this country, rich beyond compare in i 
Scandinavian literature. In 1861 he was 
appointed by President Lincoln Minister • 
to Italy. 

Marshall, Alexander X.— He was j 
born in Kentucky, and was a Representa- 



BIOGBAPniCAL BECOBDS. 



259 



tive in Congress, from that State, from 
1855 to 1857. 

3Iarshall, Alfred.— "Rq served four 
years in the Maine Legislature, namely, 
1827, 1828, 1834, and 1835; was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Maine, from 
1841 to 1843, acting as a member of the 
Committee on the Militia ; and from 184'! to 
1849 he was Collector at Belfast. He was 
also for some years a General of the State 
Militia. 

Marshall, Edward C— He was 

born in Kentucky, and was a Representa- 
tive in Congress, from California, from 
1851 to 1853. 

Marshall, Humphrey. — He was 
among the earliest pioneers to Kentucky, 
having gone there in 1780 ; he was a mem- 
ber of the ''State Convention" in 1787; 
served for many years in the State Legis- 
lature; and was a Senator in Congress, 
from 1795 to 1801. He was the author of 
the first published History of Kentucky, 
and died at an advanced age.* 

Marshall, SuntpJirei/.—Born at 

Frankfort, Kentucky, January 13, 1812. 
He graduated at West Point Academy, but 
resigned his military commission of Lieu- 
tenant, and studied law, which he prac- 
tised with success. During the ten years 
preceding the Mexican war, and while de- 
voting himself to his profession In Louis- 
ville, he took an active part in the military 
afitiirs of the State as Captain, Major, and 
Lieutenant-Colonel; he served in the 
Mexican war as Colonel of Cavalry, fight- 
ing at Buena Vista, and leading the charge 
of the Kentucky Volunteers; in 1847, 
after declining several important nomina- 
tions, he retired to a farm ; he was elected 
to Congress in 1849 as a Representative, 
and re-elected in 1851 ; he was appointed 
by President Fillmore Commissioner to 
China, which was immediately raised to a 
first-class mission ; on his return he was 
elected a Representative in the I'hirty- 
fourth Congress ; in 1856 he was a mem- 
ber of the "American National Council" 
held in New York, where he caused to be 
thrown off all secrecy in the politics of his 
party; and in 1857 he was re-elected to 
Congress, serving as a member of the 
Committee on Military Afi'airs. He took 
part in the Rebellion of 1861 as a General 
of Volunteers. 

Marshall, John. — He was born in 
Fauquier County, Virginia, September 24, 
1755, and was the eldest of fifteen children. 
He had some classical education in his 
youth, but his opportunities for learning 
were limited, and he never entered col- 
lege, his father, Thomas Marshall, having 
been a poor man, but possessed of supe- 
rior talents. At the commencement of 
the American war, he espoused it with 



ardor; in 1776 he was appointed Lieu- 
tenant, and in 1777 promoted to the rank 
of Captain. In 1780 he was admitted to 
the bar, and in 1781 resigned his commis- 
sion, and entered upon the practice of his 
profession, soon rising to distinction. He 
was a member of the " Virginia Conven- 
tion" to ratify the Constitution of the 
United States, and as such produced a 
deep impression by his logic and elo- 
quence. He also entered the Legislature 
of Virginia, where he was a leader. 
President Washington invited him to be- 
come Attorney-General, and ofl'ered him 
the mission to France, after Mr. Monroe's 
return, — both of which honors he declined. 
President Adams appointed him an En- 
voy to France, with Pickering and Gerry ; 
but they were not accredited, and he re- 
turned to the United States in 1798. He 
was a Representative in Congress in 1799 ; 
in 1800 he was appointed Secretary of 
War ; soon afterwards Secretary of State ; 
and, January 81, 1801, upon the nomina- 
tion of President Adams, was confirmed 
as Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of 
the United States. He wrote a "Life of 
George Washington," and a " History of 
the American Colonies." He died in 
Philadelphia, July 6, 1836. As a Judge he 
was the most illustrious in America, and 
for his public service was ranked by 
many with Washington. He was the ob- 
ject of universal afiection, respect, and 
confidence, and in every particular one of 
the greatest and best of men. 

Marshall, Samuel S.—TLQxv&shorn 
in Illinois ; educated at Cumberland Col- 
lege, Kentucky ; studied law, and devoted 
himself to its practice in his native State. 
He was elected to the State Legislature iu 
1846; by the Legislature he was elected 
State Attorney, serving two years ; in 1851 
he was elected a Judge of the Circuit 
Court, in which position he remained until 
1854; and having been elected to the 
Thirty-fourth Congress, from Illinois, was 
re-elected to the Thirty-fifth, and was 
Chairman of the Committee on Claims. 
He was also a Delegate to the " Chicago 
Convention " of 1864, and was re-elected 
to the Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on 
the Committees on Elections, and on 
Freedmen. He was a Delegate to the 
Philadelphia "National Union Conven- 
tion" of 1866; and was re-elected to the 
Fortieth Congress, serving on the Judici- 
ary Committee. 

Marshall, Thomas A.— He was 

born near Versailles, Kentucky, January 
15, 1794; graduated at Yale College in 
1815 ; studied law, and entered upon the 
practice in 1816; and he was a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from Kentucky, from 
1831 to 1835. He was a Judge and Chief 
Justice of the Court of Appeals of Ken- 
tucky for about twenty years ; a Professor 
of Law in the Transylvania College ; and 



260 



BlOaBAPHlCAL BECOIiDS. 



also served in the Legislature of Ken- 
tucky. 

Marshall, Thomas F. — He was 

born in Kentucky in 1800; graduated at 
Yale College ; studied law, and practised 
tlie profession with success ; was for 
several years Judge of the Circuit Court 
of Louisville ; and was a Representative 
in Congress, from Kentucky, from 1841 to 
1843. Died near Versailles, Woodward 
County, Kentucky, September 22, 1864. 
His general abilities were considered of a 
high order, and as an orator before popu- 
lar assemblies he had few equals. 

Marston, Gilman. — Born in Orford, 

New Hampshire ; graduated at Dartmouth 
College in 1837, and at the Dane Law 
School in 1840; commenced the practice 
of law in Exeter, New Hampshire, in 
1841 ; in 1845 he was elected to the New 
Hampshire Legislature, and served four 
years; was a member of the Convention 
to revise the Constitution of that State in 
1850, and was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from New Hampshire, from 1859 to 
186i?, serving on the Committees on Elec- 
tions, and on Military Affairs. In June, 
1861, he was appointed Colonel of the 
Second Regiment New Hampshire Volun- 
teers, which he led at the battle of Bull 
Run, throughout the Peninsula Campaign 
under McClellan, at the second battle of 
Bull Run; and also at Fredericksbui'g, 
under Burnside. In 1863 he was commis- 
sioned a Brigadier-General, assigned to 
the District of St. Mary, and also at- 
tached to the army of the James in 1864, 
lighting at Kingsland Creek, Drury's 
Bluff, Cold Harbor, and Petersbui'g. Early 
in 1865 he was re-elected to the Thirty- 
ninth Congress, serving on the Conamit- 
tees on Mileage, and Militai'y Affairs ; and 
on the fall of Richmond he retired from 
the army. He was also one of the Rep- 
resentatives designated by the House 
to attend the funeral of General Scott 
in 1866. He was a Delegate to the 
Philadelphia "Loyalists' Convention" of 
1866, and also to the " Soldiers' Conven- 
tion " held in Pittsburg. 

llarfin, Alexander. — Born in Guil- 
ford County, North Carolina, and died in 
November, 1807. He was educated at 
Princeton College, and devoted much at- 
tention to the pursuits of literature. He 
was a member of the Colonial Assembly, 
and Colonel of a regiment in the Conti- 
nental line, having been at the battles of 
Brandywiue and Germantown. He was 
subsequently in the State Senate, and was 
elected Speaker ; he was elected Governor 
of North Carolina in 1782, and again in 
1789, and was a member of the Conven- 
tion which framed the Constitution of the 
United States. From 1793 to 1799 he 
was United States Senator. In 1793 the 
degree of Doctor of Laws was conferred 



on him by Princetoii College, and at the 
time of his death he was a Trustee of the 
University of North Carolina. 

Martin, Harclay. — He was born in 
South Carolina, and was a Representative 
in Congress, from Tennessee, from 1845 
to 1847. - 

3Iartin, Charles !>.— Born in Ohio, 
and was elected a Representative, from 
that State, to the Thirty-sixth Congress, 
serving on the Committee on Invalid Pen- 
sions. 

Martin, Elbert <Si.— Born in Vir- 
ginia, and elected a Representative, from 
that State, to the Thirty-sixth Congress, 
serving as a member of the Committee on 
Expei}ditures in the Post Office Depart- 
ment. 

Martin, FredericTc /S>. — He was 
born in Rutland County, Vermont, April 
25, 1794 ; after spending his early life as a 
sailor on Lake Champlain and at sea, he 
settled at OPean, New York, as a hotel- 
keeper and merchant; in 1830 he was ap- 
pointed Postmaster at that place; he 
served three years in the State Legisla- 
ture ; and was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from New York, from 1851 to 1853. 

Martin, John P.— Born in Lee 
County, Virginia, October 11, 1811; re- 
moved to Kentucky in 1828; in 1841 was 
elected to the Legislature of that State, 
and re-elected the following year ; and he 
was a Representative in Congress, from 
Kentucky, from 1845 to 1847. In 1857 he 
was elected to the Senate of Kentucky, 
which was his last public position. 

Martin, Joshua X. — He was a 

member of Congress, from Alabama, 
from 1835 to 1839, and from 1845 to 1847 
Governor of that State. He died at Tus- 
caloosa, November 2, 1856. 

Mctrtin, Luther.— Bom. in New- 
Brunswick, New Jersey, in 1744; grad- 
uated at Nassau Hall in 1766; taught 
school for several years in Maryland; 
came to the bar in Virginia, and settled 
in Accomac County; in 1774 took an 
active part in opposing England; was a 
member of the '■ Annapolis Convention" 
of that year ; in 1778 was appointed At- 
torney-General of Maryland ; was a Del- 
egate to the Continental Congress in 1784 
and 1785 ; was a member of the Conven- 
tion which formed the Federal Constitu- 
tion, but was opposed to its adoption, 
and an elaborate speech, that he delivered 
before the Assembly of Maryland about 
the Convention, caused c6nsiderable ex- 
citement at the time throughout the coun- 
try. He acquired distinction by defending 
Samuel Chase and Aaron Burr in their 
celebrated trials; in 1814 he was ap- 



BIOQBAPIIICAL BECORDS. 



261 



pointed Judge of the Court of Oyer and 
Terminer; and died in New York, July 
10, 1826. He received the degree of 
LL.D. from Princeton College. 

Martin, Morgan i.— He was born 
in New York, and was a Delegate to Con- 
gress, from the Territory of Wisconsin, 
' from 1845 to 1847. 

3Iartin, Robert i\r.— Pie was born 
in Dorchester County, Maryland, and was 
I a Representative in Congress, from Maiy- 
land, from 1825 to 1827. 

Martin, William D.— He was a 

i Judge of the Court of Common Pleas, and 

i a Representative in Congress, from South 

j Carolina, from 1827 to 1833. lie was dis-- 

'■ tinguished for his talents and public 

I usefulness. He retired to bed slightly 

i indisposed, and was found dead in the 

: morning. He died at Charleston, Novem- 

! ber 17, 1833, aged forty-flve years. 

' Martindale, Henry C. — He was 

1 born iu Berkshire County, Massachusetts ; 

\ graduated at Williams College in 1800; 

\ and was a Representative in Congress, 

from New York, fro.n 1823 to 1831, and 

!' again from 1833 to 1835. Died in 18G0, 

j aged eighty years. 
I 

j Marvin, Dudley.— Was a native of 

j Lyme, Connecticut, from which place he 

I removed to Cananduigua, New York, in 

I 1807. He was admitted to the bar, and 

I commenced the practice of law in 1811, 

i and soon attained eminence in his profes- 

i sion. He was a Representative in Con- 

! gress from 1823 to 1820. In 18-14 he 

' removed to Ripley, Chautauque County, 

• and was again elected to Congress, serv- 

i ing from 1847 to 1849. He died at Ripley, 

j New York, June 25, 1852, aged sixty-five 

years. 

Marvin, Jafnes 3J.— Born in Ball- 
ston, Saratoga County, New York, Feb- 

i uary 27, 1809; spent a portion of his 

I boyhood on a form, but received a good 

: education. In 184G he was elected to the 

I House of Assembly; was a County Super- 

I visor for three terms ; is proprietor of one 

i of the large Saratoga hotels, and has 

; chiefly been engaged for years past in 

j taking care of a large estate. In 1862 he 

I was elected a Representative, from New 

j York, to the Thirty-eighth Congress, 

j serving on the Committee on Territories. 

} Re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, 

I and was made Chairman of the Commit- 

I tee on Expenses' in the Treasury Depart- 

i ment. Re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, 

j serving ou the Committee ou Territo- 

I ries. 

i Marvin, JRichard J*.— He was born 
' in New York; served in tiie Assembly 
I of that State, from Chautauque County, 



in 1836, and was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from New York, from 1837 to 1841, 
and in 1855 he was elected a Judge of the 
Supreme Court. 

Mason, Armistead Thomson. — 

Born in London County, "Virginia, in 1786, 
and educated at William and Mary Col- 
lege ; was a farmer by occupation, and a 
Colonel in the war of 1812; and a United 
States Senator, from Virginia, from 1816 
to 1817. He fell in the memorable duel 
with Colonel McCarty, February 6, 1819. 

Mason, James B. — He was a mem- 
ber of the Rhode Island House of Repre- 
sentatives for many years, and for a part 
of the time was Speaker; was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Rhode Island, 
from 1815 to 1819. 

Mason, James M.— Born on Ana- 
loston Island, Fairfax County, Virginia, 
November 3, 1798. He received a good 
education, and graduated at the Univer- 
sity of Pennsylvania in 1818; he studied 
law at the College of William and Mary, 
and obtained a license to practice in 1820; 
in 1826 he was elected to the House of 
Delegates, and twice re-elected; was a 
Presidential Elector in 1833; he was a 
Representative in Congress from 1837 to 
1839 ; in 1847 he was elected a Senator in 
Congress in the place of Senator Penny- 
backer, and re-elected in 1849, in which 
position he continued until 1861, having 
for several sessions been Chairman of the 
Committee on Foreign Relations. He 
took part in the Rebellion of 1861; went 
to England as a Minister of the Rebel 
government, was captured by the San 
Jacinto, imprisoned in Fort Warren, and 
after his release took up his residence in 
Europe. He was expelled from the Sen- 
ate iu July, 1861. His term would have 
expired in 1863. 

Mason, Jeremiah.— T^orn at Leb- 
anon, Connecticnt, April 27, 1768, and 
died at Boston, November 14, 1848. Des- 
tined for professional life, he entered Yale 
College, and, after graduating in 1788, en- 
tered upon the study of law, and acquired 
the reputation of being profoundly learned 
in common law. He went to Vermont, 
and was admitted to the bar of that State, 
but subsequently removed to Portsmouth, 
New Hampshire, where he became the 
friend of Daniel Webster, who always 
spoke of him in extravagant terras of 
praise. In 1802 he was appointed Attor- 
ney-General of the State, and from 1813 
to 1817 was a Senator in Congress, hav- 
ing resigned for the purpose of devoting 
himself to his profession. He removed 
to Boston in 1832, and on reaching the 
age of seventy lie left the bar, though he 
was consulted as chamber-counsel to the 
close of his life. 



262 



BIOGBAPHICAL BEC0BD8. 



Mason, John C— He was born in 
Kentucky, and elected a Representative, 
from that State, to the Thirty-fifth Con- 
gress, and was Chairman of the Commit- 
tee on Accounts. 

Mason, John Thomson. — Born at 
Montpelier, Washington County, Mary- 
land, in May, 1815; graduated at Prince- 
ton College in 1836 ; read law in Hagers- 
town, and was admitted to the bar in 
1838 ; the same year was elected a mem- 
ber of the Legislature of Maryland, and 
re-elected in 1839. He was a Represent- 
ative in Congress from 1841 to 1843, being 
at that time the youngest man in Con- 
gress. In 1851 he was elected by the 
people, under the new Constitution of the 
State, a Judge of the Court of Appeals, 
which position he filled till 1857, when 
he resigned, and was appointed Collector 
of the port of Baltimore. 

Mason, John Y. —He was born at 
Greensville, Sussex County, Virginia, 
April 18, 1799 ; graduated at the Univer- 
sity of Noi'th Carolina in 1816, from which 
institution he received the degree of 
LL.D. ; adopted the profession of law, and 
was a Federal Judge of the Eastern Dis- 
trict Court of Virginia; Judge also of the 
General Court of Virginia ; served about 
ten years in the State Legislature ; he was 
a Representative in Congress, from Vir- 
ginia, from 1831 to 1837; was a Delegate 
to the Conventions of 1828 and 1849 for 
revising the State Constitution ; a mem- 
ber of President Tyler's cabinet, as Sec- 
retary of the Navy ; a member of Presi- 
dent i'olk's cabinet, first as Attornej'- 
General, and secondly as Secretary of the 
Navy ; was subsequently President of the 
James River and Kanawha Company ; and 
was appointed, by President Pierce, Min- 
ister to France, in which position he was 
continued by President Buchanan. Died 
in Paris, of apoplexy, October 3, 1859. 

Mason, Jonathan. — He was born 

in 1757; graduated at Princeton College 
in 1774 ; and died at Boston, November 1, 
1831. He was a Senator of the United 
States, from Massachusetts, from 1800 to 
1803 ; and a Representative in Congress, 
from that State, from 1817 to 1820, when 
he resigned. 

Mason, Moses, — He was a County 
Commissioner from 1831 to 1834 ; a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Maine, from 
1834 to 1837 ; subsequently a member of the 
State Executive Council. Died at Bethel, 
June 25th, 1866, aged seventy-five years. 

3Iason, Samson. — He was born in 
Ohio, and was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from that State, from 1835 to 1843. 
He was afterwards a member of the Con- 
vention which formed the State Constitu- 
tion. 



Mason, Stevens Thomson. — YLq 

was born in Chapawansick, Stafi"ord 
County, Virginia, in 1760; educated at 
William and Mary College ; he was a law- 
yer by profession, and an officer in the 
Revolutionary war, attaining to the rank 
of General; was a member of the Vir- 
ginia House of Burgesses ; and a Senator 
of the United States, from Virginia, from 
1794 to 1803 ; also a Presidential Elector 
in 1792 ; a member of the Convention to 
form the Constitution of Virginia, and a 
member of the State Legislature. He 
died in 1803. 

Mason, William. — He was born in 
Connecticut ; served in the Legislature of 
New York, from Chenango County, from 
1820 to 1822 ; and was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1835 to 
1837. 

Masters, Josiah. — Born in Wood- 
bury, Connecticut, October 22, 1763 ; grad- 
uated at Yale College in 1784, soon after 
which he removed to Schaghticoke, Rens- 
selaer County, New York, which was 
thereafter his place of residence. He was 
a prominent member of the State Legis- 
lature in 1792, 1800, and 1801, when he was 
appointed Associate Judge of Rensselaer 
County ; and from 1805 to 1809 was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress. In 1808 he was 
chosen first Judge of the County Court of 
Common Pleas, which office he held until 
his death. He was a zealous supporter of 
the genei'al measures against Great Britain 
during the war of 1812, yet he opposed 
with great earnestness, in several able 
speeches, the embargo, non-intercourse, 
and other commercial restrictions. He 
numbered among his personal friends such 
patriots as Jefferson, Randolph, Madison, 
Clay, etc., and was a co-operator and ad- 
viser of De Witt Clinton in the system of 
internal improvements which gave to New 
York the rank of the Empire State. He 
died June 30, 1822. 

Mathews, George.— B.q was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from Georgia, 
from 1789 to 1791, and was one of those 
who voted for locating the Seat of Govern- 
ment on the Potomac. 

Mathews, James.— Re was born in 
Ohio, and was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from that State, from 1841-to 1845. 

Mathews, Fmcet**.— Born in Orange 
County, New York, June 29, 1766. He 
studied law and was admitted to the bar 
in 1790; and fixing his residence near EI- 
mira, Tioga County, was elected a State 
Representative in 1793 and in 1796 chosen 
a State Senator. In 1798 he was elected 
a Commissioner to settle certain claims for 
bounty land ; and from 1809 to 1811 he was 
a Representative in Congress. In 1812 he 
was appointed District Attorney for a 



BIOGRAPHICAL EECOIiDS. 



263 



number of counties in Western New York ; 
and in 1816 lie removed from Elmira to 
Bath, and thence to Rochester, pursuing 
the practice of his profession, in different 
phices, for no less a period than tifty-six 
years. Toward the close of his life he 
served a second time in the Assembly of 
the State and was District Attorney for 
Monroe County. The College of Geneva 
conferred upon him the degree of Doctor 
of Laws when he was nearly seventy- five 
years old, and he died at llochester, Au- 
gust 23, 1846. 

3Iatheivson, JElisha.—B.e was at 
diflerent periods a member of the General 
Assembly of Rhode Island ; once a Speaker 
in the House ; and a Senator in Congress, 
from that State, from 1807 to 1811. He 
died at Scituate, Rhode Island, October 
14, 1853, aged eighty-six years. 

MatJiiot, J'osJiua. T-B.e was born in 
Ohio, and was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from that State, from 1841 to 1843. 
Died July 30, 1849, at Newark, Ohio. 

Matlach, James. — He was born in 
Gloucester County, New Jersey, and was 
a Representative in Congress, from that 
State, from ISi'I to 1825, and died at Wood- 
burj', in same State, January 15, 1840. 

MatlacJc, Thnothy. — He was a Del- 
egate from Pennsylvania, to the Continen- 
tal Congress, from 1780 to 1781. 

Matson, Aaron. — He was born in 
Plymouth, Massachusetts ; for many years 
Judge of I'robate iu Cheshire County, New 
Hampshire ; a Representative iu Congress, 
from New Hampshire, from 1821 to"l825 ; 
a State Councillor from 1819 to 1821 ; and 
died at Newport, Vermont, July 18, 1855, 
aged eighty-five years. 

Matteson, Orsatnus B.— He was 

bora in New York, and was elected a Rep- 
resentative, from that State, to the Thirty- 
first, Thirty-third, Thirty-fourth (when 
he resigned), and also to the Thirty- fifth 
Congresses. 

Mattheivs, John, — He was born in 
1744 ; toolv the popular side in the Revo- 
lution ; was a Delegate from South Caro- 
lina to the Continental Congress from 1778 
to 1782; was a signer of the Articles of 
Confederation; was Governor of South 
Carolina in 1783 ; in 1784 he was appointed 
a Juilgc of the Court of Equity; and died 
in 1802. 

Matthews i TFtWiawi.— He was a Rep- 

rcsuuLa„no 1.1 Congress, from Maryland, 
from 1797 to 1799. 

Mattochs, John. — Born in Hartford, 
ConiiecJcut, in 1776, and was a resident 
of reatham, Vermont ; he was for many 



years distinguished as a successful lawyer ; 
had held various public trusts, being for 
two years Judge of the Supreme Court of 
Vermont; and a Representative in Con- 
gress, from 1821 to 1825, and from 1841 to 
1843; also Governor of the State one year, 
declining a re-election to that office. " He 
died at'Peacham, Vermont, August 14, 
1847. 

Mattoon, Ebeneser. — Born in Am- 
herst, Massachusetts ; graduated at Dart- 
mouth College in 1776; in 1797 he was a 
Presidential Elector; he was a Mnjor iu 
the war of 1812, and Sheriff of Hampshire ; 
a Representative in Congress, from 
Massachusetts, from 1800 to 1803, having 
succeeded L. Lyman, resigned ; and, in 
1816, he was chosen Adjutant-General of 
Militia. He died in Amherst, September 
11, 1843, aged eighty-eight years. 

Maurice, James. — He was born in 
New York, and was a Representative in 
Congress, froin that State, from 1853 to 
1855. 

Mauri/, Abraham, P.— A. Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Tennessee, 
from 1835 to 1839 ; died at his residence, 
in Williamson County, Tennessee, July 

22, 1848. 

Maxwell, Augustus E.—Born in 
Elberlon, Georgia, September 21, 1820; 
received the benefit of country schools iu 
Alabama, and graduated at the University 
of Virginia; studied law; removed to 
Florida; was elected in 1847 to the As- 
sembly of that Stiite; was Secretary of 
State in 1848 ; a State Senator in 1849 ; 
was a member of Congress from 1853 to 
1857, refusing a re-nomination ; and in 1857 
was appointed, by President Buchanan, 
Navy Agent at Pensacola, Florida. In 
1866 he was appointed President of the 
Pensacola and Montgomery Railroad. 

Maxwell, George C— He was a na- 
tive of New Jersey; graduated at Prince- 
ton College in 1792 ; and was a Represent- 
ative iu Congress^ from that State, from 
1811 to 1813. 

Maxwell, J. JP. J5.— Born in New 
Jersey in 1805 ; graduated at Princeton 
College in 1823; studied law, was ad- 
mitted to the bar in 1827; Avas a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from 1837 to 1839, 
and again from 1841 to 1843. He died at 
Belvidere, New Jersey, November 14, 
1845. He was a candidate for election to 
the Twenty-sixth Congress, and although 
he came with the broad seal of his State, 
he was not admitted. 

Maxwell, Lewis.— He was a native 
of Virginia, and a Representative in Con- 
gress, from that State, from 1827 to 1833. 



204 



BIOGBAPHICAL EECOBDS. 



3Iaxivell, Thomas, — He was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from New York, 
from 1829 to 1831. 

May, Henry. — He was born in the 
District of Columbia; received a liberal 
education ; adopted the profession of law; 
and was a Representative in Congress, 
from Maryland, from 1853 to 1855. Re- 
elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress. 
He was appointed by President Pierce to 
visit Mexico on business with the " Gardi- 
ner Claim ; " and during the Rebellion he 
voluntarily went to Richmond on a peace 
mission, but was unsuccessful. Died in 
Baltimore, September 25, 18G3. 

May, William, X-.— He was born in 
Kentucky, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from Illinois, from 1835 to 1839. 

3Iayall, Samuel.— lie was born in 
Maine ; served in the State Legislature in 
1845, 1847, and 1848 ; and was a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from Maine, from 1853 
to 1855. 

Maynard, Horace.— Re was born 
in W(-'b.tborough, Massachusetts, August 
SO, 1814 ; graduated at Amherst College in 
1838, and soon afterwards emigrated to 
Tennessee. He entered the University of 
East Tennessee as a tutor, and subse- 
quently received the appointment of Pro- 
fessor of Mathematics in that institution ; 
during that period he studied law and was 
admitted to the bar in 1844. He acquired 
an extensive practice in his profession ; 
held a number of local offices in his adopt- 
ed State; was a Presidential Elector in 
1852 ; and was elected a Representative, 
from Tennessee, to the Thirty-lifth Con- 
gress. During the first session of that 
Congress he was Chairman of the Special 
Committee to investigate the accounts of 
William CuUom, late Clerk of the House 
of Representatives, and was a member of 
the Committee on Claims. He was re- 
elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, serv- 
ing on the same committee; and also 
re-elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress. 
Tor his loyalty, during l^he troubles of 1861, 
his property was confiscated, and he, as 
well as his family, were driven from East- 
ern Tennessee by the Rebel government. 
He was a Delegate to the " Baltimore 
Convention " of 1864. After the close of 
the Rebellion, in 1865, he was re-elected a 
Representative from Tennessee, to the 
Thirtj^-ninth Congress, but was not admit- 
ted to his seat until near the end of the 
first session of that Congress, and was 
made Chairman of the Committee on 
Southern Railroads, and placed on the 
Committee on the District of Columbia. 
He was also a Delegate to the Philadel- 
phia "Loyalists' Convention" of 18G6. 
' Re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, serv- 
ing on the Committee on Ways and 
Means, and was President of the "Border 



State Convention " held in Baltimore, in 
1867. 

Maynard, tToJin.-He was a resi- 
dent of New York, and graduated at Union 
College in 1810; studied law and com- 
menced practice at Seneca Falls, and then 
removed to Auburn. He was a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from New York, from 
1827 to 1829, and gave a zealous support 
to the administration of Mr. Adams; he 
was subsequently a member of the New 
York Senate for four years, and again, 
from 1841 to 1843, a member of Congress; 
he was Judge of the Supreme Court of 
New Yoi'k, and from January, 1850, a 
Judge of the Court of Appeals. He died 
in Auburn, New York, March 24, 1850. 

Mayrant, William.~lle was a native 
of South Carolina, and a Representative 
in Congress, from that Statti, during the 
years 1815 and 1816. 

Meacham, James. — Born in Rut- 
land, Vermont, in 1810; graduated at Mid- 
dlebury College in 1832 ; was tutor there; 
studied theology; was settled in New 
Haven, Vermont; was called from his 
parish to the Professorship of Elocution 
and English Literature in Middlebury 
College, when, in 1849, he was elected a 
Representative in Congress, and twice re- 
elected. At the time of his death, August 
22, 1856, he was a member of Congress, 
and a Regent of the Smithsonian Institu- 
tion. 

3Iead, Cowles.—tle was elected a 
Representative in Congress, from Georgia, 
in 1805, but his election was successfully 
contested by Thomas Spalding; and iu 
1803 he was appointed, by President Jef- 
ferson, Secretary of Mississippi Terri- 
tory. 

3Ieade, Richard BI.— He was born 
in Virginia; received a liberal education; 
and adopted the profession of law ; he was 
a Representative in Congress, from Vir- 
ginia, from 1847 to 1853 ; was appointed, 
by President Pierce, in 1853, Charge 
d'Aflfaires to Sardinia; and in 1857 was ap- 
pointed, by President Buchanan, Minister 
to Brazil, which mission he held until 
1861. Died in April, 1862. 

Mehane, Alexander. — Born in 
Ilawfield, Orange County, North Carolina, 
November 26, 1767, and died July 5, 1795, 
He was a member of the Convention, in 
1776, that met to form the State Constitu- 
tion ; served a number of years in the Leg- 
islature; and was in Congress during the 
years 1793 and 1794, froni'North Carolina, 
ile was distinguished for his sense, integ- 
rity, and firmness. 

Mehill, William.— TLg was born iu 
I New Castle County, Delaware ; received 



BIOailAPHIOAL BEC0BD3. 



2G5 



an academical education; he studied law, 
and, having removed to Ohio, was admitted 
to the bai" of that State in 1S3J; he was 
soon after elected to the State Legislature, 
serving a number of j'ears, and was twice 
elected SpeaJver; he was elected a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from that State, 
from 1833 to lSi3 ; by President Polk he 
was appointed First Assistant Post- 
f master-General, and subsequently held 

II the office of Commissioner of Indian Af- 
j fairs; in 1850 he was a member of the 
Conveution called to revise the State Con- 
' stitution, and chosen Chairman; in 1851 
and 1852 he was elected Lieutenant-Gov- 
ernor of Ohio; in 1853 he was elected 
.j Governor of Ohio; and, by President Bu- 
i chanan, was appointed First Comptroller 
I of the United States Treasury. Died at 
\\ Lancaster, Pennsylvania, September 2, 
'i 1865. 

3£eech, Ezra. — He was born in New 
.j London, Connecticut, July 26, 1773 ; was 
l\ associated in early life with John Jacob 
' Astor in the fur trade; in 1806 became 
agent of the North-west Fur Company ; and 
in 1803 was agent for supplying the British 
H Government with spars and timber. Hav- 
■j ing settled in Vermont, he was, in 1822 and 
i 1823, elected Chief Justice of Chittenden 
I County; and was a member of the " Con- 
stitutional Conventions " of 1822 and 1826. 
He was elected, in 1805 and 1807, to the 
State Legislature; and was a Representa- 
tive in Congress, from Vermont, from 1819 
to 1821, and again from 1825 to 1827. In 
1841 he was a Presidential Elector. Dur- 
ing the latter years of his life he was de- 
voted to agricultural pursuits, and owned 
one farm, kept in a high state of cultiva- 
tion, which contained three thousand acres, 
and upon which have been seen a flock of 
three thousand sheep, and a herd of eight 
hundred oxen. He was remarkable for his 
intelligence and hospitality, and not less so 
for his personal appearance, as he meas- 
ured six fact five inches in height, and 
weighed three hundred and seventy 
pounds ; and, strange as it may seem, he 
was one of the most expert trout-lishers 
in the country. He died at Shelburne, 
Vermont, September 23, 1856. 

Meifjs, Henry, — Born in New Haven, 

Conneccicut, October 28, 1782; graduated 
at Yale College in 1798 ; educated a lawyer, 
and was elected a Representative in Con- 
gress, from New York City, from 1819 to 
1821, and for many years was an active 
officer, Recording Secretary, and Trustee 
of the American Institute in New York. 
It was said of him, as something remark- 
able, that he never wore an overcoat, 
never had a sore throat or headache, and, 
when seventy years of age, did not use 
glasses. Died 111 New York, May 20, 
1861. 

Meigs, Return J. — Was a native of 



Middletown, Connecticut; graduated at 
Yale College in 1785, and was a lawyer by 
profession. He removed to Ohio, and be- 
came a Judge of the Supreme Court of the 
•State; was a Senator in Congress, from 
1808 to 1810; and was Governor of the 
State from 1810 to 1814. He was ap- 
pointed Postmaster-General of the United 
States in 1814, and held the office nine 
years. He died at Marietta, March 29, 
1825. 

Mellen, Prentiss. — Born in Ster- 
ling, Massachusetts, October 11, 17G4; 
graduated at Cambridge in 1784; studied 
law, and settled at Bridgewatcr; in 1792 
he became a citizen of Biddeford, Maine, 
and in 1803 settled at Portland. In 1817 
he was chosen a Senator in Congress 
from Massachusetts ; also a Presidential 
Elector in 1817; and on the separation of 
Maine, in 1820, he resigned his seat in the 
Senate, and was elected the first Chief 
Justice of the Supreme Court of Maine. 
He occupied a high position as a lawyer 
and jurist; and in 1834, after becoming 
disqualified by age to serve as judge, he 
resumed the practice of law. Ills decis- 
ions may be found in the lirst eleven vol- 
umes of the Maine Reports. He was also 
a Trustee of Bowdoin College, from 1817 
to 1836 ; and in 1828 received the degree 
of LL.D. from that institution. He died 
at Portland, December 31, 1840. 

Menifee, Richard JT.— He Avas a 
member of Congress, from Kcntuckv, from 
1837 to 1839, and died at Frankfort, Febru- 
ary 21, 1841. 

3Ienzies, tTohn 7F.— Was born ia 
Fayette County, Kentucky, April 12, 1819; 
graduated at the University of Virginia iu 
1840; studied law and came to the bar iu 
1841, establishing himself in Covington, 
Kentucky, where he has ever since prac- 
tised his profession. In 1848 and 1855 he 
was elected to the General Assembly of 
Kentucky; and in 1861 he was elected a 
Representative from Kentucky, to the 
Thirty-seventh Congress, serving on the 
Committees on Elections, and Unfinished 
Business. He was also a Delegate to the 
" Chicago Conveution" of 1864. 

3Iercer, Chnrles Fenton. — Borniu 

Fredericksburg, Virginia, June 6, 1778; 
graduated at Princeton in 17D7. In 1798, 
wliile a student of law, he tendered his 
services to General Washington for the 
defence of the country against a threat- 
ened invasion by the French, and received 
from him acommission as Kirst Lieutenant 
of Cavalry, and soon after that of Captain, 
which he'dcclined, not intending t-^ devote 
his life to the military profession. In 
1803, after spending a year in r.urnpc, he 
returned and practised law. From 1310 
to 1817 he was a member of the General 
Assembly of Virginia. Iu 1811 he was 



266 



BIOGBAPEICAL HEOOBDS. 



again called to military duty by the Gen- 
eral Government; and in 1813 was ap 
pointed Aid to the Governor, and rose to 
the rank of Brigadier-General of Militia, 
having cominand of the forces at Norfolk.* 
In 1816, as Chairman of the Committee 
on Finance, in the Legislature, he de- 
voted his time to the promotion of internal 
improvements, and was chief supporter 
of the measure for the Chesapeake and 
Ohio Canal, and was appointed President 
of the Canal Company. He was a member 
of Congress from 1817 to 1840. In 185.3 
he visited Europe from philantliropic mo- 
tives, at his own expense, and used his 
eflforts for the entire abolition of the 
African slave-trade, conferring with the 
chief executive officers of most of the 
kingdoms of Europe on the subject. He 
died at Howard, near Alexandria, Vir- 
ginia May 4, 1858. 

Mercer, James. — He was a Delegate 
to the Contiuental Congress, from Vir- 
ginia, from 1779 to 1780. 

Mercer, John JP.— He was a soldier 
of the lievolution; was a member of the 
old Congress, in 1782; was a member, 
from Maryland, of the Convention which 
formed the Federal Constitution, but did 
not sign that instrument; a Representa- 
tive in the new Congress, from 1792 to 
1794; Governor of Maryland, from 1801 to 
1803 ; also a member of the Legislature of 
that State; and died at Philadelphia, 
August 30, 1821, in the sixty-fourth year 
of his age. 

Mercur, Uli/sses.—B.e was born in 
Towanda, Bradford County, Pennsyl- 
vania, August 12, 1818; graduated at 
Jefferson College in 1842; studied law 
while in college, and came to tlie bar in 
1843; was a Presidential Elector in 1860; 
in March, 1861, he was appointed Presi- 
dent Judge of the Thirteenth Judicial 
District of Pennsylvania, and elected to 
the office in October following for a term 
of ten years, but which he resigned on 
being elected, in 1864, a Representative, 
from Pennsylvania, to the Thirty-ninth 
Congress, serving on the Committees on 
the District of Columbia, and Southern 
Railroads ; re-elected to the Fortieth Con- 
gress, serving on the Committee on 
Claims. 

Meredith, Samuel. — He was born 
in Philadelphia in 1750; was among the 
first to espouse the cause of the Revolu- 
tion, in which he served and suffered, and 
acquitted himself with credit at the bat- 
tles of Trenton and Princeton; and he 
was one of those who enjoyed the confi- 
dence and friendship of Washington. He 
served for a time in the Colonial Legisla- 
ture of Pennsylvania; was a Delegate, 
from that State, to the Contiuental Con- 
gress in 1787 and 1788 ; and on the organ- 



ization of the Federal Government he 
was appointed, by President Washington, 
Treasurer of the United States, in which 
office he continued until 1801, when he re- 
signed. He died at Belmont, his seat in 
Wayne County, Pennsylvania, in 1817. 
He and his brother-in-law, George Cly- 
mer, gave £10,000 in silver to carry on the 
war. 

3Ieriwether, David. — He was a 

Eepreseutative in Congress, from Geor- 
gia, from 1802 to 1807 ; and was appointed, 
by President Jefferson, in 1804, a Commis- 
sioner to treat with the Creek Indians. 
He was a Presidential Elector in 1813 and 
in 1826. 

Meriwether, David. — He was a 

Senator in Congress, from Kentucky, by 
appointment, for one session, in 1852, and 
was appointed, by Presid(mt Pierce, May 
6, 1853, Governor of the Terricory of New 
Mexico. 

Meriwether, I. A.—TIq was born in 
Georgia,and was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from that State, from 1841 to 1843. 

3Ieriwether, James.— He was born 
in Wilkes County, Georgia, and was a 
Representative in Congress, from Georgia, 
from 1825 to 1827. 

MerricJc, Williatn D. — He filled 
several prominent positions in the State 
of Maryland, and served in the United 
States Senate, from 1838 to 1845. He died 
in Washington, District of Columbia, Feb- 
ruary 5, 1857, at an advanced age. He 
was the author of tlie cheap postage 
scheme in Congress. 

Merrill, Orsatnus C— He was a 

Representative in Conuress, from Ver- 
mont, from 1817 to 1820, when his seat 
was successfully contested by R. C. Mal- 
lory; and also held the positions in that 
State of County Attorney for two years, 
State Councillor for four years. State 
Senator for one year, Register of Probate 
for two years, and Judge of Probate for 
six years. He was born in Vermont in 
1776, and died at Benuington, in that 
State, April 11, 1865. 

Mervin, Orange.— Ke was born in 
Litchfield, Connecticut, and was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Connecticut, 
from 1825 to 1829. 

Metcalf, Arunah. — He was a native 
of New York; a Representative in Con- 
gress, from that State, from 1811 to 1813, 
and subsequently served four years in the 
Assembly of New York, from Otsega 
County. 

3Ietcalfe, Thomas. — He was born 
in Fauquier County, Virginia, March 20, 



BIOGRAPHICAL RECOBDS. 



267 



1780. When he was quite young, his par- 
ents emi.i^rated to Keutuclvy, and settled 
in Fayette, where his education was re- 
stricted to the advantages of a few months' 
attendance at a country school. He Avorked 
at the trade of a mason, b\it employed his 
leisure houi's in study, and soon developed 
remarkable intellectual abilities. In 1809 
he first appeared as a public speaker, in 
defence of his country against British op- 
pression; served in the war of 1812, and 
in 181.^ commanded a company of infantry 
at the battle of Fort Meigs, and greatly 
distinguished himself for his bravery. He 
was subsequently a member of the Ken- 
tucky Legislature for several years, and 
was a Keprcsentative in Congress from 
1819 to 1829, when he was elected Gov- 
ernor of Kentucky, which office he held 
until 1833, In 1834 he was elected to the 
State Senate, and In 1840 was chosen 
President of the Board of Internal Im- 
provement. In 1848 he was appointed and 
elected to fill the unexpired terra of Mr. 
Crittenden in the Senate of the United 
States, after which he retired to his farm, 
between Maysville and Lexington. He 
boasted of his service as a stone-mason, 
and delighted in being called the " Old 
Stone Hammer." He died in Nicholas 
County, Kentucky, August 18>, 1855. 

Miildleswarth, Ner.—He was born 
in New Jersey, and on removing to Penn- 
sylvania was elected to the State Legisla- 
ture and made Speaker, and also elected a 
Representative in Congress, from that 
State, from 1853 to 1855. Died June 2, 
1865. 

Middleton, ArtJiuVw — He was born 
on Ashley River, South Carolina, in 1743 ; 
after a course of studies at Westminster, 
he graduated at Cambridge, England; 
travelled two years in Europe; on his re- 
turn home he was placed on various local 
committees looking to liberty; in 1775 he 
was one of the " Council of Safety; " was 
the author of the first draught of the State 
Constitution, aud was a Delegate to the 
Continental Congress from 1776 to 1788, 
and again from 1781 to 1783, and signed 
the Declaration of Independence. On the 
surrender of Charleston he was taken 
prisoner, but released in a few months by 
exchange. He served frequently in the 
State Legislature ; and while attempting 
to retrieve his fortune, which had been 
seriously affected by the war, he died, Jan- 
uary 1, 1787. 

Middleton, George.— Was born in 
Philadelphia, October 14, 1811; came of 
the oldstockof the Society of Friends; re- 
ceived a common-school education ; while 
yet a boy removed with his ftither to New 
Jersey, and settled in Burlington ; was 
engaged fo' many years in the business of 
tanning; was twice elected to the Legis- 
lature of New Jersey ; has been noted la 



his district as a local peace-maker among 
his neighbors ; and was eiooted a Repre- 
sentative, from New Jersey, to the Thirty- 
eighth Congress, serving on the Commit- 
tees on Agriculture, and on the Expendi- 
tures in the Interior Department. 

Middleton, Henry. — He was bora 

in South Carolina; was a Delegate, from 
South Carolina, to the Continental Con- 
gress, from 1774 to 1776, and was the sec- 
ond member called to ofliciate as President 
over that body. His son, bearing the same 
name, was subsequently a Representative 
in ^he Federal Congress. 

Middleton, JBen^^f. — A native of 
South Carolina; was chosen a Represent- 
ative in the State Legislature in 1801; 
then State Senator until elected Governor 
in 1810. From 1815 to 1819 he was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, and in 1820 was 
appointed, by President Monroe, Minister 
to Russia, which position he filled for 
many years. He died in Charleston, South 
Carolina, June 14, 1846. 

Mifflin, Thomas,— Re was born at 
Philadelphia in 1744; was educated for 
the mercantile profession, and, aftera tour 
in Europe, entered that business with his 
brother. In 1772 he was a Representative, 
from Philadelpliia, in the Provincial As- 
sembly, and was a Delegate to the Conti- 
nental Congress, from Pennsylvania, from 
1774 to 1776. He distinguished himself as 
Major in the army at the battle of Lexing- 
ton, and in 1776 was appointed Qaarter- 
master-General, and subsequently Briga- 
dier-General, and in 1777 attained the rank 
of Major-General. He was active in rais- 
ing new regiments for the war previous to 
the battle of Trenton. In 1782 he was 
again sent as Delegate to the Continental 
Congress, serving until 1783, and was Pres- 
ident of that body, after which he retired 
to private life. In 1785 he was Speaker 
of the State Legislature ; in 1787 was a 
member of the Convention which framed 
the Constitution of the United Soates, and 
signed that instrument; in 1788 he was 
made President of the Supreme Executive 
Council. He commanded the Pennsylva- 
nia troops during the Whiskey Insurrec- 
tion; and in 1790 was a member of the 
Convention for forming the State Consti- 
tution of Pennsylvania, and was chosen 
first Governor; served nine years, and was 
again sent to the Legislature. He died 
January 21, 1800. 

Miles, W. Porcher. — Born in 

Charleston, South Carolina, in July, 1828; 
prepared for college at the "Wellington 
School," and graduated at the Charleston 
College; studied law; was for several 
yeai's Assistant Professor of Mathematics 
in Charleston College ; he was Mayor of 
Charleston in 1856 and 1857, and inaugu- 
rated the present police system of that 



268 



BIOGBAPniCAL BEC0BD8. 



city, and also the present system of tidal 
drains for tlie same; and lie was elected a 
Eepresetuative, from South Carolina, to 
the Thirty-fifth Congress, and re-elected 
to the Thirty-sixth. Mr. Miles has been 
a frequent contributor to the " Southern 
Quarterly Review," and has delivered a 
number of literary and patriotic addresses. 
It ought to be mentioned, that when the 
yellow fever was raging in Norfolk, in 1855, 
Mr. Milef3 visited that city as a humani- 
tarian, and for that conduct was rewarded 
- with the "office of Mayor of Cliarleston. 
His Committees have been those on Com- 
merce, and Foreign Affairs. Re-elected to 
the Thirty-seventh Congress. Was elect- 
ed a member of the South Carolina " Se- 
ceding Convention " in 1860, and resigned 
his seat in Congress. Sei*ved as a Colo- 
nel in the Rebellion, and as a member of 
the Confederate Congress. 

MlUedge, John. — He was born la 
Savanuah, Georgia, and descended from 
one of the early settlers of the colony. He 
frequently serve'd in the Legislature, and 
in 1780 he was appointed Attorney-General 
of the State, and Governor in 1802. lie 
was a Representative in Congress from 
1792 to 1802, excepting one term, and a 
Senator of the United States from 1803 to 
1809, serving for a session as President 
pro tern, of the Senate. He was the prin- 
cipal founder of the University of Geor- 
gia, and presented the land which forms 
its site. He died at his country-seat, at 
the Sand Hills, February 9, 1818. His 
memory was honored by an act of the 
Legislature calling the capital of the State 
Milledgeville, 

Millen, tTofin.—Tle was born in Sa- 
vannah, Georgia, in 1801; was educated a 
lawyer; served in the Legislature of Geor- 
gia; and died near Savamiah, October 15, 
1843, about ten days after his election to a 
seat in the National House of Representa- 
tives in the Twenty-eighth Congress. 

Miller, Daniel 1^. — Born in Alle- 
ghany County, Maryland, October 4, 1814 ; 
studied law in Pittsburg, and admitted to 
the bar in 1838; emigrated to Iowa in 
1839 ; and during the following year was 
elected to the Legislature of that Terri- 
tory. In 1818 he was the Whig candi- 
date for Congress ; but his seat having 
been contested, a new election took, place 
in 1850, when he was elected for the terra 
ending in 1851. In 1856 he was a Presi- 
dential Elector, since which time he has 
resided in Fort Madison. 

Miller, Daniel JS.—He was a native 
of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and was a 
Representative in Congress, from that 
State, from 1823 to 1831. Died many 
years ago. 

Miller J George F, — He was born 



in Chillisquaque, Northumberland County, 
Pennsylvania, Septembers, 1809; received 
an academical education, laboring to sup- 
port himself during vacations ; studied law, 
and came to the bar in 1833 ; took an ac- 
tive part in local politics, but frequently 
declined nominations for county and State 
offices; was for a number of years Secre- 
tary of the Lewisburg University in Penn- 
sylvania, and in 1864 was elected a Rep- 
resentative, from Pennsylvania, to the 
Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the 
Committees on Roads and Canals, and 
Expenditures in the War Department. 
Re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, serv- 
ing on the Committees on Pensions and 
Revolutionary Pensions. 

Miller, J'acob IF.— Born in Morris 
County, New Jersey, in 1802 ; bred a law- 
yer; and was a Senator in Congress, 
from New Jersey, from 1841 to 1847 ; and 
having been re-elected, senred until 1853. 
Died at Morristown, New Jersey, Sep- 
tember 30, 1862. 

Miller, Jesse. — He was a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from Pennsylvania, 
from 1836 to 1837, and died at Harrisburg, 
August 20, 1850. By President Jackson 
he was appointed first Auditor of the 
Treasury, and held the position until 
1811. He was also Canal Commissioner 
of Pennsylvania in 1845 and 1846, and 
Secretary of State from 1846 to 1848, serv- 
ing for a short time as acting Governor 
of the State. 

Miller, John. — Born in Amenia, 
Dacness County, New York, November 
10, 1774; educated at private schools ; in 
1793 commenced the study of medicine 
and attended lectures at the University 
of Pennsylvania; was chosen Vice-Presi- 
dent of the Cortland County Medical As- 
sociation, in 1808 ; from 1805 to 1825 he 
was Postmaster of Truxton; from 1812 
to 1821 he was a Justice of the Peace; 
was a member of the State Legislature in 
1817, 1820 and 1845 ; was a Representative 
from New York, to the Nineteenth Con- 
gress ; and a Delegate to the '• State Con- 
stitutional Convention" of 1846. Died la 
March, 1862. 

Miller, John. — He was distinguished 
for his courage as an officer in the last 
war with England; soon after the strug- 
gle, he was appointed Register of the 
Land Office in Missouri; subsequently 
elected Governor of the State ; and he was 
a Representative in Congress, from 1837 
to 1843. Died near Florrissant, Missouri, 
March 18, 1846. 

Miller, John 6?.— Born in Kentucky, 
and in 1835 emigrated to Missouri. In 
1840 was elected to the State Legislature, 
and from 1853 to the time of his death he- 
was a Representative in Congress, from 



BIOGBAPIIICAL EECORDS. 



2Qd 



Missouri. Died in Saline County, Mis- 
souri, May 11, 1856, aged forty-foui-. 

Miller, John JK.— He was born in 
Ohio, and was a Representative in Con- 
gress, fromtliat State, from 184710 1851. 

Miller, Joseph. — He was born in 

Ohio ; was elected a Representative, from 
that State, to the Thirty-fifth Congress, 
and was a member of the Committees on 
Unfinished Business, and Expenditures in 
the Navy Department. 

Miller, JRillian. —Born in Claverack, 
Columbia County, New York, July 30, 
1785; received a good common-school 
education, with instruction in the Latin 
and Greek languages. He studied law, 
and was admitted to practice in 1806; 
from that time continued to pursue his 
profession, removing from Livingston to 
Hudson City in 1833. In 1824 and in 1827 
he was a member of the General Assem- 
bly, and in 1837 was elected County Clerk, 
which office he held for three years. In 
1854 he was chosen a Representative in 
the Thirty-fourth Congress. 

Miller, Morris S. — He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from New York, 
from 1813 to 1815; and in 1819 was ap- 
pointed a Commissioner to superintend a 
treaty with the Seneca Indians. He was 
also Judge of a County Court, and died at 
XJtica, November 15, 1824, aged forty-five 
years. 

3Iiller, Nathan.— ^e was a Delegate 
to the Continental Congress, from Rhode 
Island, in 1785 and 1786. 

Miller, Pleasant M. — Tie was a 

Representative in Congress, from Ten- 
nessee, from 1809 to 1811. 

Bliller, JRutger B.— Born in New 

York, and was a Representative, from 
that State, in the Twenty-fourth Congress, 
in the place of S. Beardsley, resigned. 

Miller, Samuel F. — He was born in 
Franklin, Delaware County, New York, 
May 27, 1827 ; graduated at Hamilton Col- 
lege in 1852 ; studied law, and came to the 
bar in 1853, but instead of practising the 
profession turned his attention to farming 
and lumbering. In 1854 he was elected to 
the New York Legislature; in 1850 and 
1857 he was Supervisor of Franklin ; was 
for fifteen years identified as a Colonel 
with the State Militia; and in 1862 he was 
elected a Representative, from New York, 
to the Thirty-eighth Congress, serving on 
the Committee on Public Lands. He was 
also a Delegate to the " State Constitution- 
al Convention " of 1867. 

Miller, Smith.— B^e is a native of 
North Carolina, but when a youth removed 



with his father to Indiana. His school 
education was limited, and he engaged in 
farming as an occupation. He was a 
member of both branches of the Legisla- 
ture of Indiana, and a Representative in 
Congress from 1853 to 1855. 

Miller, Stephen J).— He was born in 
the Waxsaw Settlement, South Carolina, 
in May, 1787; graduated at the South 
Carolina College in 1808; adopted the pro- 
fession of law ; came to the bar in 1812; 
served in the South Carolina Senate in 
1822; represented his native State in the 
Lower House of Congress from 1819 to 
1820; was Governor of South Carolina 
from 1828 to 1830 ; and elected a Senator 
in Congress for the term from 1831 to 1837, 
but resigned on account of his health at 
the end of two years. He died at Ray- 
mond, Mississippi, March 8, 1838, having 
removed to that State in 1835, where he 
was an extensive planter. 

MiUer, Willia^n S.— Born in Ferry 

County, Pennsylvania, January 29, 1828; 
graduated at Marshall College, Franklin, 
Pennsylvania; in 1854 was appointed 
Clerk of the Supreme Court of his native 
State, which ofiice he held until 1863 ; and 
he was elected a Representative, from 
Pennsylvania, to the Thirty-eighth Con- 
gress, serving on the Committee on In- 
valid Pensions. His father, Jesse Miller, 
was also a Representative in Congress. 

Miller, William S. — He was a 

Representative in Congress, from New 
York, from 1845 to 1847, and a man of 
high cultivation. He died in New York 
City, November 9, 1854. 

Milligan, John «/.— Born in Cecil 
County, Mar3'land, December 10, 1795; 
after receiving an academical education, 
he entered Princeton College, and re- 
mained three years ; he then studied law, 
and was admitted to practice in New Cas- 
tle County, Delaware, in 1818, and pur- 
sued his profession for several years, but 
subsequently retired to a country seat 
near Wilmington. In 1830 he was elected 
a member of the House of Representatives 
in Congress from Delaware, and served 
from 1831 to 1839. In 1839 he was ap- 
pointed, by tbe Governor, Judge of the 
Superior Court of the State of i)elaware, 
and has continued in this position ever 
since. 

3Iills, Elijah JT.— Born in 1778; 

graduated at Williams College in 1797; 
studied law; was a Representative in 
Congress, from Massachusetts, from 1815 
to 1819, and a Senator in Congress, from 
1820 to 1827. He died at Northampton, 
May 5, 1829. 

Millson, John 5.— Born in Norfolk, 
Virginia, October 1, 1808, and commenced 



270 



BIOGBAPHICAL EECORDS. 



the study of law before the age of six- 
teen ; he held no public o93ce until elected 
a Representative from Virginia in the 
Thirty-first Congress, which position 
he filled, by re-elections, until 1864), 
serving as a member of the Committees 
on Commerce, and Ways and Means, and 
of the Special Committee of Thirty-three 
on the Rebellious States. In 1844 and 
1849 he was also a Presidential Elector. 

Millward, John. — Born in Penn- 
sylvania, and elected a Representative, 
from that State, to the Thirty-sixth Con- 
gress, serving as Chairman of the Com- 
mittee on Patents. 

Mlllward, William.— Re was born 
in Pennsylvania, and was a Representative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1855 
to 1857. 

Milnor, tTames.— 'He was bom in 

Philadelphia, June 20, 1773 ; he received 
his education at a grammar school and at 
the University of Pennsylvania, and sub- 
sequently studied law. In 1794 he com- 
menced the practice of his profession be- 
fore Jie was twenty-one years of age. 
Fi-om 1811 to 1813 he was a Representa- 
tive, from Pennsylvania, in Congress. In 
1811 he was elected a Delegate to the 
General Convention of the Episcopal 
Church, and in 1814 was ordained a cler- 
gyman by Bishop White, and in 1816 was 
called to the rectorship of St. George's 
Church, in New York. He was one of the 
founders of the New York Deaf and Dumb 
Institution, and after spending the even- 
ing in company with its directors, in ap- 
parent good health, died suddenly, April 
8, 1845. 

Mllnor, William.— B.e was born in 
Philadelphia, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from Pennsylvania, from 1807 
to 1811, from 1815 to 1817, and again from 
1821 to 1822. 

JUlner, Ahiman L. — He was born 
in Vermont; was Clerk of the Vermont 
House of Representatives in 1836 and 
1837; a State Representative in 1838, 1839 
and 1845 ; a State Senator in 1840; Coun- 
ty Attorney for two years ; Register of 
Probate for seven years ; Judge of Pro- 
bate from 1846 to 1849 ; and was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Vermont, 
from 1851 to 1853. 

Miner, Charles. — He was born in 
Norwich, Connecticut, about the year 
1778 ; when a boy of nineteen, removed 
with his father to Wilkesbarre, Pennsyl- 
vania, and subsequently settled in West- 
chester, and for many years published the 
•'Village Record" in that place, which at- 
tained a high position. He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Pennsylvania, 
from 1825 to 1829, and declined a re-elec- 



tion on account of deafness. He was the 
author of an interesting work entitled 
" History of Wyoming ; " and was one of 
the first men in this country to introduce 
and write upon the silk-growing business. 
Died at Wilkesbarre, Pennsylvania, Octo- 
ber, 26, 1865, universally respected for his 
high character and ability. 

Miner, Fhineas. — He was an emi- 
nent lawyer, and a Representative in Con- 
gress, from Connecticut, during the 5-ears 
1834 and 1835, for an unexpired term. He 
died at Litchfield, in that State, Septem- 
ber 16, 1839, aged sixty years. 

Mitchell, Anderson. — Born in Cas- 
well County, North Carolina, in 1800. He 
graduated at the University of that State 
in 1821 ; studied law, and settled in Wilkes 
County in 1840, when he was immediately 
elected to the Legislature. He was a 
member of Congress in 1842 and 1843; 
and was subsequently devoted to his pro- 
fession. 

Mitchell, Charles B. — He was 

elected a Senator in Congress, from Arkan- 
sas, for the term of six years, commenc- 
ing March 4, 1861, but was expelled by 
the Senate July 11, 1861. 

Mitchell, Charles F.—B.Q was born 
in New York, and was a Representative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1837 
to 1841. 

Mitchell, George ^.— He was born 
in Cecil County, Maryland, and was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from Maryland, 
from 1823 to 1827, and again from 1829 to 
1832. He died in Washington, June 28, 
1832. 

Mitchell, Senrj/.—Re was born in 
Woodbury, Connecticut, in 1784 ; received 
a liberal education, and adopted the: pro- 
fession of medicine ; after practising for 
a while in Connecticut he removed to New 
York, and, after receiving from Yale Col- 
lege the title of M.D., practised his pro- 
fession in New York with eminent success ; 
in 1827 he was elected to the Legislature 
of his adopted State ; and was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from New York, 
from 1833 to 1835. Died in Norwich, New 
York, January 12, 1858. 

Mitchell, James C— He was born 
in Mecklenburg County, North Carolina, 
and was a Representative in Congress, 
from Tennessee, from 1825 to 1829. 

Mitchell, Jatnes 5.— He was born 
in York County, Pennsylvania, and was a 
Representative in Congress, from Penn- 
sylvania, from 1821 to 1827. 

Mitchell, John. — He was born in 
Perry County, Pennsylvania, and was a 



BIOGBAFHICAL BEC0BD8. 



m 



Eeprespntative in Congress, from Penn- 
sylvania, from 1825 to 1829. He died at 
Beaver, Pennsylvania, in August, 1849. 

Mitchell, Nahuin. — Born in East 
Bridgewater, Massachusetts, February 12, 
17G9; graduated at Harvard University in 
1789 ; tauglit school, studied law, and was 
admitted to the bar in 1792. From 1811 
to 1821 he was Judge of the Circuit Court 
of Common Pleas, and afterwards Chief 
Justice. From 1798 to 1812 he was a Rep- 
resentative in the General Court; and a 
Representative in Congress from 1803 to 
1805. In 1813 to 1814 he was State Sena- 
tor; and from 1814 to 1820 he was one of 
the Governor's Council ; and from 1822 to 
1827 he was Treasurer of the State. In 
1840 he published a History of Bridge- 
water, Massachusetts ; was a member of 
the Massachusetts Historical Society; 
and published a volume of sacred music, 
entitled the "Bridgewater Collection." 
He fell and died suddenly in one of the 
streets of Plymouth, August 1, 1853, while 
attending the first celebration of the em- 
barkation of the Pigrims at Delft Haven. 

Mitchell, Nathaniel, — He was a 

Delegate, from Delaware, to the Conti- 
nental Congress, from 1786 to 1788. 

Mitchell, Robert.— He was born in 
Pennsylvania, and was a Representative 
in Congress, from 1833 to 1835, from Ohio. 

3Iitchell, Samuel LatJiain.— Bom 

on Long Island in 1763, and was well edu- 
cated ; after the close of the war he went 
to Edinburgh, and there studied medicine 
and natural history. On his return he 
"was appointed Professor of Chemistry and 
Natural History in Columbia College; and 
his practice as a physician was extensive ; 
he edited, with Dr. Smith, fourteen vol- 
umes of the "Medical Repository;" he 
also published a "Life of Tammany," the 
Indian chief, and other useful works, his- 
torical and scientific. He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from New York, 
fi-om 1801 to 1804, and again from 1810 to 
1813 ; and a Senator from 1804 to 1809. 
He died in New York, September 8, 1831. 
A work that he published anonymously, 
entitled " A Picture of New York," sug- 
gested to Washington Irving his " Knick- 
erbocker's History of New York." 

Mitchell, Stephen M.—'H.e was born 
at Wethersfleld, Connecticut, December 
27, 1743; graduated at Yale College in 
1763 ; was chosen a tutor in the College in 
1766, in which station he continued three 
years ; he entered upon the practice of 
law in 1772 ; was appointed in 1779 a Judge 
of the Hartford County Court, and in 1790 
placed at the head of that Court; in 1795 
he was appointed Judge of the Superior 
Court of Connecticut ; and in 1807 Chief 
Justice of that Court, which office he held 



until 1814, when he became disqualified 
by age. He was a Delegate to the old 
Congress in 1783 and 1785 ; and in 1793 
he was appointed to the United States 
Senate, which position he held until 1795; 
and was a Presidential Elector in 1805. 
It Avas to his services, Avhile in Congress, 
that Connecticut was greatly indebted for 
the establishment of her title to the tract 
of land in Ohio called the " Western Re- 
serve." He died in the place of his birth, 
September 30, 1835. In him were com- 
bined the dignity of the Christian, the 
purity of the patriot, and the virtues of 
the faithful public servant and useful citi- 
zen. The degree of LL.D. was conferred 
upon him by Yale College. 

Mitchell, Thomas JB. — Born in 
Georgetown, South Carolina; he gradu- 
ated at Harvard University in 1802 ; was 
a Representative in Congress, from South 
Carolina, from 1821 to 1823, from 1825 to 
1829, andagain from 1831 to 1833; he died 
in 1837. 

3Iitchell, William.— He was bora 
in New York, and elected a Representative 
from Indiana to the Thirty-seventh Con- 
gress, serving on the Committee on Indi- 
an Affairs. He was a lawyer by profes- 
sion, and died in Macon, Georgia, in 
September, 1865. 

Mofflt, Hosea. — He was born in 
New York ; served six years in the Legis- 
lature of that State ; and was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from 1813 to 1817. 

Molony, Richard S. — He was born 
in Northfield, New Hampshire; entered 
Dartmouth College in 1836, but left the 
institution before the close of the follow- 
ing year and commenced the study of 
medicine; removed to Illinois, and set- 
tled at Belvidere, Boone County, in the 
practice of the medical profession ; and 
was a Representative, from Illinois, to the 
Thirty-second Congress, having succeed- 
ed his friend and college classmate, John 
Wentworth. 

Monell, Robert. — He was a native 
of Columbia County, New York, and a 
Representative in Congress, from that 
State, from 1819 to 1821, and again from 
1829 to 1831. Died in December, 1860. 

Monroe, James. — Born April 28, 
1758, in Westmoreland County, Virginia. 
He was educated at William and Mary 
College. In 1776 he joined the army in 
the Revolutionary war, and continued 
with it until 1778, having displayed great 
bravery, when he retired and engaged in 
the study of law. In 1780 he held the 
office of Military Commissioner for Vir- 
ginia, and in that capacity visited the 
Southern army. In 1782 he was a mem- 
ber of the Virginia Assembly; and iu 



272 



BIOaBAPHICAL EEC0BD8. 



1783 a Delegate to Congress. In 1788 he 
was a member of the Convention, in Vir- 
ginia, to deliberate on the proposed Con- 
stitution for the United States. In 1790 
he was elected a Senator of the United 
States from Virginia. In 1794 he received 
the appointment of Minister Plenipoten- 
tiaiy to France, and was recalled in 1797. 
In 1799 he was elected Governor of Vir- 
ginia. In 1802 he was sent on a special 
mission to France, which resulted in the 
purchase of Louisiana. In 1803 he was 
appointed Minister to England; and in 
1805 he was associated with Charles 
Piuckney to negotiate with Spain. Dur- 
ing his residence in England, he and Mr. 
William Pinckney negotiated a commer- 
cial treaty with Great Britain, but it was 
never submitted to the Senate by Presi- 
dent Jefferson. He returned to America 
in 1808. In 1811 he was Governor of Vir- 
ginia, and the same year received, from 
President Madison, the appointment of 
Secretary of State, which office he held 
until his election as President, March 4, 
1817. Dui'itig a part of the time, in 1814 
and 1815, he also performed the duties of 
Secretary of War. He was again elected 
President in 1821. He died July 4, 1831. 

Motifatii/a, tT. D. X.— He was born 

in New York ; served two years in the As- 
sembly of that State ; and was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from New York, 
from 1839 to 1841. 

Montgomery , Daniel. — He was a 

Eepresentative iu Congress, from Penn- 
sylvania, from 1807 to i809. 

Montgoinery, John. — He was a 

Eepresentative in Congress, from Mary- 
laud, from 1807 to 1811. 

3Iontgoinery , J'ohn 6?.— He was 
born iu Northumberland, Penns5'lvania in 
1805 ; graduated at Washington College, in 
1824 ; came to the bar in 1827 ; was elected 
to the State Legislatui'e in 1855 ; and was 
elected a member of the Thirty-flfth Con- 
gress from Pennsylvania, but died before 
taking his seat, of the mysterious National 
Hotel disease, at Danville, Pennsylvania, 
April 24, 1857, aged fifty-two years. 

3Iontg ornery , tToseph.—Re was a 

Delegate, from Pennsylvania, to the Con- 
tinental Congress, from 1780 to 1784. He 
graduated at Princeton College in 1755, 
and also took a degree at Yale College iu 
1760. 

Montgomery, TJiomas. — He was 

born in Nelson County, Virginia ; and was 
a Eepresentative in Congress, from Ken- 
tucky, from 1813 to 1815, and again from 
1821 to 1823. Died April 2, 1828. 

Montgomery, William>,—B.Q was a 



Eepresentative in Congress, from Penn- 
sylvania, from 1793 to 1795. 

3Ionfgomery, William. — Born in 
Guilford County, North Carolina, and was 
educated for the medical profession. He 
was elected to the General Assembly iu 
1824, where he served, with but one inter- 
mission, until 1834, when he was elected a 
Representative in Congress, and continued 
in that position until 1841. He died No- 
vember 27, 1844, aged fifty-three years. 

Montgomery, William,— Born in 

Canton Township, Pennsylvania, April 11, 
1819; graduated at Washington College, 
Pennsylvania, in 1839; he studied law, 
and was admitted to the bar in 1842; and 
he was elected a Eepresentative in Con- 
gress in 1856, serving in the Tliirty-fifth 
Congress on the Committee on Public 
Lands. He was re-elected to the Thirty- 
sixth Congress, serving as a member of 
the Committee on Eoads and Canals. 

Moor, Wyman B. S.—Born in 
Waterville, Maine, November 3, 1814; 
graduated at Waterville College ; studied 
law at Cambridge, and admitted to the 
bar in 1834 ; was a member of the Maine 
Legislature in 1839 ; was Attorney-General 
of that State from 1844 to 1848; and, by 
appointment, succeeded John Fairfield as 
a Senator in Congress, serving from Jan- 
uary to June, 1848. He subsequently de- 
voted much attention to the railroad in- 
terests of his State, and in 1857 was 
appointed by President Buchanan Consul- 
General for the British American Prov- 



Moore, Andrew.— R& was a Eepre- 
sentative in Congress, from Virginia, from 
1789 to 1797, and again from 1803 to 1804, 
when he was appointed to the United 
States Senate, but was superseded by W. 
B. Giles. He was one of those who voted 
for locating the Seat of Government on 
the Potomac. Died in May, 1821. 

Moore, Ely. — He was born in New 
Jersey, and educated as a printer ; was a 
Representative in Congress, from New 
York, from 1835 to 1839 ; was appointed 
Marshal of New York by President Polk; 
subsequently edited a newspaper in New 
Jersey; was appointed Indian Agent in 
Kansas Territory ; and at the time of his 
death, was Eegister of a Land Office in 
Kansas. Died January 26, 18G0. 

Moore, Gabriel. — He was born in 
Stokes County, North Carolina, and was a 
Eepresentative in Congress, from Ala- 
bama, from 1822 to 1829;- a Senator in 
Congress, from 1831 to 1837; and died at 
Caddo, Texas, in 1844. 

Moore, Senry 2>. — He was born in 



mOGBAPUlCAL BECOBDS. 



273 



Goshen, Oi'an,2:e County, New York, April, 
17, 1817; received his education at one of 
the public schools of New Yorli City; 
when sixteen years of age he acquired a 
knowledge of the tailoring business, which 
he followed until 1843 ; in that year he re- 
moved to Pliiladelphia, and became in- 
terested in the marble business ; and he 
was a Representative in Congress, from 
Pennsylvania, from 1849 to 1853. For 
several years after leaving Congress he 
was Treasurer of Pennsylvania. 

Moore, Heman Allen. — He was 
born in Plainflekl, Vermont, iu 1810; 
studied law in Rochester, New York, and 
removing to Columbus, Ohio, obtained 
distinction as a lawyer; was appointed 
Adjutaut-General of tlie State Militia; 
and was a Representative iu Congress, 
from tliat State, from 1843 to the time of 
his death, which occurred iu Columbus, 
April 3, 1844. 

Moore, tToTin. — Born in Berkeley 
County, Virgiuia, in 1788 ; and, having re- 
moved to Louisiana, became an active 
politician. From 1825 to 1834 he was a 
member of the State Legislature; also 
served several years in the State Senate; 
was a Representative in Congress, from 
Louisiana, from 1841 to 1843, and again 
from 1851 to 1853; was a Presidential 
Elector iu 1849; a Delegate to the se- 
ceding " State Couventiou " of 1861 ; and 
<Jied iu Louisiana, iu June, 1867. 

Moore, lioban T.— Born in Cabell 
County, Virginia, January 13, 1829; re- 
ceived a limited education; removed to 
Kentucky, and adopted,the profession of 
law; and was elected a Representative, 
from Kentucky, to the Thirty-sixth Con- 
gress, serving on the Committee on Man- 
ufactures. He also served as a Colonel 
in the army during the Rebellion. 

Moore, Nicholas JR. — He was a 

Representative iu Congress, from Mary- 
land, from 1803 to 1811, and again from 
1813 to 181G. Died at Baltimore iu 1816. 

Moore, Oscar F. — He was born iu 
Ohio, and was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from that State, from 1855 to 
1857. 

3Ioore, Robert. — He was born in 
■Washington County, Pennsylvania, and 
was a Representative in Congress, from 
that State, from 1817 to 1821. 

Moore, Samuel.— He was born in 
Cumberland County, New Jersey, and was 
a Representative in Congress, from Penn- 
sylvania, from 1819 to 1822. He was a 
physician, and died February 18, 1861. 

Moore, S. McD.—lle was born in 
Virginia, and was a Representative in 
18 



Congress, from that State, from 1833 to 
1835. Served iu the Rebellion. 

Moore, Sydenham iJ. — Born iu 
Rutherford County, Tennessee, but re- 
moved to Alabama, with his parents, soon 
after its admission as a State ; he was ed- 
ucated at the University of Alabama; was 
bred to the profession of the law; was 
Judge of the County Court of Greene 
Countj', Alabama, for six years, and for a 
short time also of the Circuit Court of that 
State; resigned his judgeship, and went 
to Mexico as Captain of a Volunteer Com- 
pany, and served one year, a portion of 
the time iu General Taylor's line, on the 
Rio Grande, aud also iu General Scott's 
line, at Tampico, Vei-a Cruz, Alvarado, 
and Jalapa; and, on his return home, was 
elected Brigadier-General of Militia; and 
was chosen in 1857, a member of the 
Thirty-flfth Congress; and re-elected to 
the Thirty-sixth Congress, serving as a 
member of the Committee on Claims. 
Took part iu the Rebellion as a Colonel. 

Moore, Thomas. — He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from South Caro- 
lina, from 1801 to 1813, and agaiu from 
1815 to 1817. 

Moore, Thomas P.— He was born 
in Charlotte County, Virginia, in 1795; 
was an officer in the war of 1812; mem- 
ber of Congress, from 1823 to 1829, from 
Kentucky; Minister to the Republic of 
Colombia in 1829; and Lieutenant-Col- 
onel iu the regular army during the war 
with Mexico. His last public position 
was that of member of the Couventiou 
for revising the Constitution of Kentucky. 
He died iu Harrodsburg, Kentucky, July 
21, 1853. 

Moore, Thom,as <S>.— He was born 
iu Jetferson Count}^ Virginia, and was a 
Representative iu Congress, from that 
State, from 1820 to 1823. 

Moore, William. — He was born in 
Montgomery County, Pennylvania, De- 
cember 25, 1810; received a commou- 
school education ; worked on a farm, and 
was a clerk in a country store for some 
years ; was subsequently devoted to mer- 
cantile pursuits in Atlantic County, New 
Jersey; spent nineteen years as Agent of 
the Weymouth Iron Works ; was for a 
time engaged in ship-building and the 
coasting trade ; was twice elected a Judge 
of the Court of Common Pleas for Atlan- 
tic County, serving in all ten years ; and 
iu 1866 he was elected a Representative, 
from New Jersey to the Fortieth Con- 
gress, serving on the Committees on Man- 
ufactures, and Public Buildings and 
Grounds. 

Moorhead, Jam^es Kennedy. — 

Born on the Susquehanna River, Penn- 



274 



BIOGBAPHICAL MEOOBDS. 



sylvania, in 1806; received a limited edu- 
cation ; spent tlie most of liis youth on a 
farm and as an apprentice to a tanner ; 
was one of the contractors for buildini>- 
the Susquehanna branch of the Pennsyl- 
vania Canal ; was the originator of a pas- 
senger packet-line on said canal. In 1836 
he removed to Pittsburg, and there took 
an active part in improving the naviga- 
tion of the Monongahela, and was made 
President of a Company bearing that 
name, and established in that city the 
Union Cotton Factory; in 1838 he re- 
ceived the Militia title of Adjutant-Gen- 
eral; and subsequently, taking a great in- 
terest in the business of telegraphing, 
became the President of several telegraph 
companies. In 1859 he was elected a 
Representative from Pennsylvania to the 
Thirty-sixth Congress, serving as a mem- 
ber of the Committee on Commerce ; was 
re-elected to the Thirty-seventh Con- 
gress, serving as Chairman of the special 
Committee on National Armories; re- 
elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, 
serving as Chairman of the Committee on 
Manufactures and as a member of the 
Committee on Naval Affairs ; re-elected to 
the Thirty-nintli Congress, serving on the 
Committee on Ways and Means, and again 
at the head of the Committee on Manufac- 
tures. Re-elected to the Fortieth Con- 
gress. 

Mor ahead, Charles S. — He was 

born in Nelson County, Kentucky, in 1802 ; 
he adopted the profession of law, and, 
after practising it for a few years, he was 
elected to the State Legislature, serving 
during 1828 and 1829 ; he was appointed 
in 1832 Attorney-General of Kentucky, 
whicn office he held five years; in 1838, 
1839, and 1840, he was again returned to 
the Legislature, officiating during the lat- 
ter year as Speaker; was re-elected and 
made Speaker in 1841 ; was again re-elect- 
ed in 1842 and 1844, and for tlie third time 
chosen Speaker ; and he was a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from Kentucky, from 
1847 to 1851. In 1853 he was once more 
returned to the Legislature, and in 1855 
was elected Governor of Kentucky. He 
was for many years one of the most de- 
voted friends and supporters of Henry 
Clay. In 1861 he was a Delegate to the 
"Peace Convention" held in Washington. 

Morehead, I. T. — He wds a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from North Caro- 
lina, from 1851 to 1853. 

Morehead, Jaines T. — Born in Cov- 
ington, Kentucky, May 24, 1797 ; studied 
law, and entered upon the practice in 1818. 
He served three years in' the State Legis- 
lature ; in 1832 he was elected Lieutenant- 
Governor of Kentucky, and after the death 
of Governor Breathitt, in 1834, became 
Governor. In 1837 he was again elected 
to the Legislature, and in 1838 he was ap- 



pointed President of the Board of Internal 
Improvements, which office he held until 
1841, when he was elected to the United 
States Senate for the term of six years. 
He subsequently resumed the practice of 
his profession, and died at Covington, 
Kentucky, December 28, 1854. 

Morgan, Christopher. — He was 

born in Groton, Connecticut; graduated 
at Yale College in 1828 ; and was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from New York, 
from 1839 to 1843. He was Secretary of 
State of New York, from 1848 to 1852, and 
Mayor of Auburn in 1860. 

Morgan, Daniel. — Was a native of 
New Jersey, but removed in early life to 
Virginia. Having neither the advantages 
of wealth nor of a good education, he was 
dependent for his support on hard labor. 
In 1755 he served as a private soldier un- 
der General Braddock. At the close of 
the campaign he retired to a farm in Fred- 
erick County. At the commencement of 
the Revolution he commanded a troop of 
Cavalry, under General Washington, at 
Boston. He was detached on the expedi- 
tion against Quebec, and when Arnold was 
wounded he took command of his division ; 
but the retreat of the other division, after 
tlie fall of Montgomery, left Morgan to 
contend with the whole force of the enemy, 
and he was taken prisoner. On being ex- 
changed, he was appointed t(j the com- 
mand of a i-egiraent. He was with Gen- 
eral Gates at the capture of Burgoyue. In 
1778 he commanded a corps on the Schuyl- 
kill to cut oflf supplies from the British in 
Philadelphia. He served in the Southern 
campaign, under General Greene, and ad- 
vanced to the rank of Brigadier-General, 
receiving from Congress a gold medal for 
the skill and bravery he displayed at the 
battle of Cowpens in the defeat of Tarle- 
ton. In 1794 he commanded the Militia 
of Virginia, ordered out by President 
Washington for the purpose of suppfess- 
ing the VVhiskey Insurrection in Pennsyl- 
vania. He was a Representative in Con- 
gress from 1795 to 1799. In 1799 he 
published an address to his constituents, 
vindicating the administration of Mr. 
Adams. He died at Winchester, Virgin- 
ia, in 1802, a^ed sixty-nine. 

Morgan, Edwin JS.— Born at Auro- 
ra, Cayuga County, New York, May 2, 
1806. He was a merchant by occupation, 
until his election to the Thirty-third Con- 
gress as a Representative; and he was 
re-elected to the Thirty-fourth and Thir- 
ty-fifth Congresses, and was a member of 
the Committee on Public Buildings and 
Grounds. 

Morgan, Edwin D. — Born in 
Washington, Berkshire County, Massa- 
chusetts, February 8, 1811; at the, age of 
seventeen he entered a wholesale g.rocery 



BIOGBAFHICAL BECOBDS. 



275 



house in Hartford, Connecticut, as aclei-k, 
and in three years bocarae a partner ; soon 
after attaining his majority lie was cliosen 
a member of tlie City Council of Hartford ; 
in 183J he settled in New Yorli City, and 
was extensively engaged in mercantile 
pursuits; in 18i9 he was chosen an Alder- 
man of the city ; during the same year he 
was elected to tlie State Senate, and served 
two terms; in 1855 he was appointed 
Commissioner of Emigration, and iield the 
office until 1858 ; was Vice-President of the 
"National Republican Convention" held 
at Pittsburg in 1856; since then lias been 
Chairman of the National Republican Com- 
mittee ; in 1858 he was elected Governor of 
New York, and re-elected in 1860; in 1801 
he was appointed, by President Lincoln, 
Major-General of Volunteers, and, though 
he rendered much service, declined all 
compensation, the number of troops sent 
to the war during his administration 
amounting to two hundred and twenty- 
three thousand; in 1863 he was elected a 
Senator in Congress from New York for 
the term ending in 1869, serving on the 
Committees on Commerce, Manufactures, 
the Pacific Railroad, Military Affairs, 
Printing, Mines and Mining, Finance, and 
as Chairman of the Committee on the 
Library. By virtue of his being Chair- 
man of the National Union Executive 
Committee he was present at the "Balti- 
more Convention " of 1864, and opened its 
proceedings. On the retirement of Sec- 
retary Fessenden, president Lincoln of- 
fered him the Secretaryship of the Treas- 
ury, which he declined. In 1866 he was 
appointed a Delegate to the Philadelphia 
" Loyalists' Convention," but did not take 
any part in its proceedings ; and in 1867 
he received from Williams College the de- 
gree of LL.D. 

Morgan, George TF.— He was born 
in Washington, Pennsylvania, September 
20, 1820; in 1836 he left college, and, as a 
private, joined a company commanded by 
his brother, and went to assist Texas in 
gaining her independence, in which ser- 
vice he rose to the rank of Captain; in 
1843 he settled in Mount Vernon, Ohio, 
and adopted the profession of law ; served 
In the Mexican war as Colonel of the Sec- 
ond Ohio Infantry, and for his services at 
the battles of Contreras and Churn busco 
he was brevetted a Brigadier-General in 
the regular army ; in 1855 he was appoint- 
ed Consul at Marseilles ; in 1858 he was 
appointed Minister Resident at Lisbon; on 
the breaking out of the Rebellion, as Brig- 
adier-General of Volunteers he had com- 
mand of the Seventh Division of the Army 
of the Ohio; was with General Sherman 
atVicksburg; was assigned to the Thir- 
teenth Army Corps, and was in command 
at the taking of Fort Henderson, in Arkan- 
sas, and, on account of his loss of health, 
resigned his command in 1863. In 1865 
he was the unsuccessful candidate for 



Governor of Ohio, and in 1806 he was 
elected a Ilepresentative from Ohio to the 
Fortieth Congress, serving on the Com- 
mittee on Foreign Affairs. In 1808 his 
seat was contested by Columbus Delano, 
and his claims rejected. 

Morgan, tTaines.— Tie was born in 
New Jersey, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1811 to 
1813. 

Morgan, John J, — He was born in 
Queen's County, New York, and was a 
member of the New York Assembly; a 
Representative in Congress, from that 
State, from 1821 to 1825; and again in the 
Assembly in 1836 and 1840. Died July 29, 
1849, aged eighty years. 

Morgan, William ,S.— Born in Mo- 
nongalia County, Virginia, September 7, 
1801. He was self-educated; served as a 
Representative in Congress, from Vir- 
ginia, from 1835 to 1839, and was Chair- 
man of the Committee on Revolutionary 
Pensions, and declined a re-election; iu 
1840 he was appointed a Clerk in the House 
of Representatives, from which position he 
was ti'ansferred to the Legislature of Vir- 
ginia, and declined a re-election; he was 
a Democratic Elector in 1844 ; and in 1845, 
having injured his health by public speak- 
ing, he was appointed to a Clerkship in the 
Treasury Department. 

Morrell, Daniel J".— He was born 
in North Berwick, Maine, August 8, 1821; 
received a common-scliool education ; set- 
tled in Philadelphia in 1836, and followed 
the mercantile business as clerk and prin- 
cipal until 1855, when he entered into the 
business of manufacturing iron at Johns- 
town, Pennsylvania; served for a time in 
the councils of the town, and in 1866 he 
was elected a Representative, from Penn- 
sylvania, to the Fortieth Congress, serving 
as Chairman of the Committee on Manu- 
factures, and on that on Freedman's 
Affairs. 

Morril, David i.— Born In Epping, 
New Hampshire, June 10, 1772, and died 
February 4, 1849. He attended Exeter 
Academy, studied medicine, and com- 
menced the pi'actice at Epsom in 1793. 
He also studied theology, and was or- 
dained a pastor, but resigned his charge 
in 1811, and resumed the practice of medi- 
cine. He was a Representative to the 
General Court in 1811, 1812, and 1816, and 
in 1816 was chosen to the United States 
Senate for six years. He subsequently 
became a member of the State Senate, and 
its President, and afterwards, for four 
successive terms, was elected Governor 
of New Hampshire. He wrote and pub- 
lished many occasional discourses and es- 
says on various religious and secular 
topics. 



276 



BIOGBAPIIICAL BECOBDS. 



Morrill, Anson P. — Was born in 
Belgrade, Maine, June 10, 1803 ; received 
the advantages of a common-school edu- 
cation ; has been chiefly devoted to mer- 
cantile and manufacturing pursuits ; was 
for several years a member of the Maine 
Legislature; was Governor of Maine in 
1855, and in 1860 was elected a Represent- 
ative from Maine to the Thirty-seventh 
Congress, serving on the Committees on 
tlie JPost Office and Post Roads and Rev- 
olutionary Claims. 

Morrill, Jtistin S. — He was born in 
Strafford, Vermont, April 14, 1810; re- 
ceived an academic education, and engaged 
in mercantile pursuits until the year 1848, 
Avhen he turned his attention to agricul- 
ture. He was elected a Representative, 
from Vermont, to the Thirty-fourth Con- 
gress; and re-elected to the Thirty-fifth, 
the Thirty-sixth, the Thirty-seventh, and 
the Thirty-eighth Congresses, serving on 
the Special Committee on the Sale of Fort 
Snelling, and on the regular Committees 
on Agriculture and on Ways and Means. 
He was also a member of the Special Com- 
mittee of Thirty-three on the Rebellious 
States in the Thirty-sixth Congress. Re- 
elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, 
serving as Cliairman of the Committee on 
Ways and Means, and as a member of 
those on the Death of President Lincoln 
and on Reconstruction. He was a Dele- 
gate to the Philadelphia "Loyalists' Con- 
vention " of 1866 ; and in October, 1866, he 
was elected a Senator in Congress, from 
Vermont, for the terra commencing in 
1867, and ending in 1873, serving on the 
Committees ou Finance, Post Offices, and 
Claims. 

Morrill, Lot 31.— Was born in Bel- 
grade, Kennebec County, Maine, in 1815; 
entered Waterville College in 1834, but 
soon after commenced the study of law, 
and in 1839 was admitted to the bar. He 
was a member of the Maine Legislature in 
1854 ; of the Senate in 1856, and made its 
President; he was elected Governor of 
Maine in 1858, and re-elected in 1859 and 
1860; and in 1861 was elected a Senator 
in Congress for the unexpired term of 
Hannibal Hamlin, elected Vice-President 
of the United States. In the Senate he 
served on the Committees on Commerce, 
Districtof Columbia, and Claims. He vt-as 
also a member of the "Peace Congress" 
of 1861. He was re-elected to the United 
States Senate in 1863, for the term ending 
in 1869, serving as Chairman of the Com- 
mittee on Expenses in the Senate and of 
that on the District of Columbia, of that 
also on Appropriations, and on that on 
Indian Affairs. 

Morris, Calvary. — He was bom in 

Virginia, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from Ohio, from 1837 to 1844. 



Morris, Charles,— lie was a Dele- 
gate, from Pennsylvania, to the Conti- 
nental Congress, from 1783 to 1784. 

Morris, Daniel, — Born in Seneca 
County, New York, January 4, 1812; set- 
tled when quite young in. Yates County, 
and was bred a farmer. Having educated 
himself, he taught school for a while, and 
then adopted the profession of law, which 
he practised with success. Was at one 
time District Attorney for Yates County ; 
served one term in the State Legislature, 
and was Chairman of the Judiciary Com- 
mittee; and was elected a Representative, 
from New York, to the Thirty-eighth 
Congress, serving on the Committee on 
the Judiciary. Re-elected to the Thirty- 
ninth Congress, serving on the Judiciary 
Committee. He is in the habit of de- 
livering an occasional lecture on literary 
topics. 

3Iorris, Edward Jo?/.— Bom in 

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, July 15, 1817; 
graduated at Harvard University; was a 
member of the House of Representatives 
of Pennsylvania in 1841, 1842, and 1813; 
and elected to the Twenty-eighth Con- 
gress, as Representative Irom the Blrst 
Congressional District; was appointed 
United States Charge d'Affaires to Naples 
in 1850, where he remained four years. 
On his return to Philadelphia was chosen 
a member of the Board of Directors of 
Girard College. In 18^6 was again elected 
to the State Legislature, and in the fail of 
that year was elected to the Thirty-fifth 
Congress, and was a member of the Com- 
mittee for the District of Columbia. As 
an author his publications ai-e : " A Tour 
through Turkey, Greece, and Egypt, 
Arabia Petraea," etc. ; " The Turkish 
Empire, Social and Political; " " Afraja; 
or. Life and Love in Norway " (a transla- 
tion) ; and also a translation from the 
German of Gregozovius ; " Corsica, Social 
and Political," etc. He was re-elected to 
the Thirty-sixth Congress, serving as a 
member of the Committee on Foreign 
Affairs. Re-elected to the Thirty-seventh 
Congress ; and in 186 1 was appointed, by 
President Lincoln, Minister Resident to 
Turkey. 

Morris, Gotiverneur, — Minister 
from the United States to France, and an 
eminent American statesman and orator. 
Born in Morrisiana, New York, 1752, and 
graduated at King's College, in the city 
of New York, in 1768. He was bred to 
the law, came to the bar in 1771, and at- 
tained great celebrity in the profession. 
In 1775 he was a Delegate to the Provin- 
cial Congress, from New York, and signed 
the Articles of Confederation; and was 
employed in the public service in various 
capacities during the Revolutionary con- 
test, and In all of them displayed great 



BIOCrBAPIIICAL EECOIiDS. 



277 



zeal and ability. After the war of the 
Revoluiion he retired from public life, al- 
though an active member of the Couveii- 
tioii which formed the present Constitu- 
tion of the United States, which instru- 
ment he signed. He was the second 
President of the New York Historical 
Society. In 1792 he was appointed Min- 
ister to France, and remained in that 
capacity till October, 1794. He returned 
to America in 1798, and in 1800 was 
chosen a Senator of the United States, 
from Kew York, serving three years. 
After retiring from Congress, he spent 
seven jears in Philadelphia. He died 
November 6, 1816, aged sixty- four. His 
publications were numerous. Selections 
from his papers, with a sketch of his 
life, were published by Jared Sparks. 

Morris, Isaac K. — He is the fourth 
son of Thomas Morris, and brother of 
Jonathan D. Morris ; was born in Ohio, 
January 22, 1812. He studied law, and 
was admitted to the bar in 1835 ; in 1836 
he emigrated to Illinois, and settled in 
Quincy, where he still resides. In 1840 
he was appointed Secretary of State for 
Illinois, but declined the position; in 1841 
lie was chosen President of the Illinois 
and Michigan Canal Company ; in 1846 he 
was elected to the State Legislature from 
Adams County; in 1856 he was elected a 
Representative, from Illinois, to the 
Thirty-fifth Congress, and re-elected to 
the Thirt.y-sixth Congress, serving as a 
member of the Committee on Eoads and 
Canals. 

Morris, J'ames 12.— He was born 
in Greene County, Pennsylvania, January 
10, 1820 (his father, Joseph Morris, hav- 
ing been a member of Congress in 1843 and 
1845), and, having become a resident of 
Ohio, he was elected in 1848 to the Legis- 
lature of that State ; and in I860 he was 
elected a Representative, from Ohio, to 
the Thirty-seventh Congress, serving on 
the Committee on Public Buildings and 
Grounds. In 1862 he was re-elected to 
the Thirty-eighth Congress, serving on 
the Committee for the District of Colum- 
biii. 

Morris, J'onathan D. — He is the 

eldest son of Thomas Morris ; was born 
in Ohio ; and is a lawyer by profession. 
He served for twenty years as Clerk of 
the Court of Common Pleas, and of the 
Supreme Court of Clermont County, Ohio ; 
and he was a Representati'^e in Congress, 
from Ohio, from 1849 to 1851. Now de- 
Voted to the practice of his profession. 

Morris, tTosepJi. — Born in Greene 
County, Pennsylvania, October 16, 1795. 
He was left an orphan at the age of ten 
years, and having been apprenticed to the 
trade of a wheelwright, he continued to 
follow the business until he was twenty-five 



years old. In 1824 he was elected Slieriff 
of his native county. In 1829 he removed 
to Ohio, and devoted himself to merchan- 
dising; he was elected to the Ohio Legis- 
lature in 1833 and 1834; he was Treasurer 
from Monroe County for one year, and, 
while in that oflice, was elected to Con- 
gress in 1843, and re-elected in 1845, 
serving two entire terms. He died at 
Woodsfield, Ohio, October 23, 1854. 

Morris, Leivis. — Born in Morrisiana, 
New York, in 172J; graduated at Yale 
College in 1746; and turned his attention' 
to agriculture; was a Delegate, from New 
York, to the Continental Congress, from 
1775 to 1777; was one of the signers of 
the Declaration of Independence ; served 
in the Legislature of New York; also in 
the held, and rose to the rank of Major- 
General of Militia. Died in New York, 
January 22, 1798. 

Morris, Leivis M. — He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Vermont, 
from 1797 to 1803. Died in 1825, aged 
sixty-eight years. 

Morris, 3IatMas. — k Representa- 
tive in Congress, from Penns3'lvania, from 
1835 to 1839, and was nmch respected for 
his talents. He died at Doylestown, 
Pennsylvania, November 9, 1839, aged 
fifty-four years. 

Morris, JRohert. — He was a native 
of England, but came to the United States 
when a boy of tiiirteen, and settled in 
Philadelphia as a clerk, where he spent the 
most of his life as an influential merchant 
and financier. He was a member of the 
Congress of 1776, and signed the Declar- 
ation of Independence, and also the 
Articles of Confederation. In 1781 he ob- 
tained the control of the American 
finances, and rendered important services 
to his adopted country. He was a mem- 
ber of the Convention which formed the 
present Constitution, and signed that in- 
strument; and was chosen a United 
States Senator, serving from 1789 to 
1795, having been one of those who voted 
for locating tlie Seat of Government on 
the Potomac. Notwithstanding his valu- 
able services to his country, he passed 
the latter years of his life in imprison- 
ment for debt. Until the period of his 
impoverishment, his house had been the 
scene of most liberal hospitality. He 
died May 8, 1806, aged seventy-one 
years. 

Morris, Samuel TF.— Born in 1788; 
was for many years Judge of the District 
Court of Tioga County, Pennsylvania, and 
was a member of the House of Repre- 
sentatives in Conarcss from 1837 to 1841. 
He died in Wellsborough, Pennsylvania, 
May 25, 1847. 



278 



BIOGBAPHICAL BECOBDS. 



jyiorriSfThoinas, — He was for three 
years a member of the New York As- 
sembles from Ontario County; and a 
Eepresentative in Congress from 1801 to 
1803. 

Morris, Thofnas. — He was born in 
Virginia, January 3, 1776, and was the son 
of a Baptist clergyman. When nineteen 
years of age he emigrated to the valley 
of the Ohio, and settled near the present 
site of Cincinnati, but two years after- 
wards removed to the County of Cler- 
^nont. In 1802, while engaged in the 
avocation of a day laborer, and without 
an instructor, he commenced the study of 
law, adopted the profession, and became 
eminent. In 1806 he was elected to the 
Legislature of Ohio, and represented 
Clermont County, cither in the Senate or 
House, for a period of twenty-four years, 
doing much to develop the resources of 
his adopted State. He was also Chief 
Judge of Ohio; and he was elected a 
Senator in Congress for the long term 
from 1833 to 183y. He died December 7, 
1844 ; and his life, and collected speeches 
and writings have been published in one 
volume, under the supervision of his son, 
Eev. B. F. Morris. While in Congress, 
he ably defended the freedom of the press, 
the freedom of speech, and the right of 
petition. Isaac N. and Jonathan D. Mor- 
ris were his sons. 

Morrison, George W. — He was 

born in Vermont, and was a Eepresenta- 
tive in Congress, from New Hampshire, 
from 1850 to 1851, and again from 1853 to 
1855. 

Morrison, Jaines JL. 2>. — He was 

born in Illinois ; studied law and practised 
It for many years ; served as an officer in 
the Mexican war ; was elected to the Sen- 
ate of Illinois in 1854; and was a Eepre- 
sentative in Congress, from that State, 
during the third session of the Thirty- 
fourth Congress, to fill a vacancy occur- 
ring in the Eighth District. He subse- 
quently travelled in Europe. 

Morrison, John A. — He was bora 
in Pennsyh-auia, and was a Eepresent- 
ative in Congress, from that State, from 
1851 to 1853. 

Morrison, William JR.— Was born 
in Monroe Countj', Illinois, September 
14, 1825 ; received a liberal education, and 
adopted the profession of law; in 1852 
was chosen Clerk of Monroe County, 
which office he resigned to go into the 
State Legislature, where he served three 
years, and was Speaker of the House in 
1859 ; served as a private in the Mexican 
war, fighting under Colonel Bissell at 
Buena Vista; after the Eebellion broke 
out, he organized the Forty-ninth Eegi- 
meut Illinois Volunteers, and was severe- 



ly wounded at Fort Donelson ; and while 
in command of his regiment in the field 
was elected a Eepresentative, from Illi- 
nois, to the Thirty-eighth Congress, serv- 
ing on the Committee on the Militia. He 
was also a Delegate to the Philadelphia 
"National Union Convention" of 1866. 

Morrissej/, John. — He was bora in 
the town of Templemore, Tipperary 
County, Ireland, -February 12, 1831 ; emi- 
grated to the United States when five 
years of age, and for many years resided 
at Troy and Lansingburg, in New York; 
worked for a time in a paper-mill, 
and afterwards learned the trade of a 
brush manufacturer; was subsequently 
engaged as deck hand on a Hudson River 
steamer, and then became a runner for a 
Steamboat Company in New York City; 
in 1852 he made his first appearance in 
California, as a professional gladiator or 
pugilist; returning to New York, he par- 
ticipated in several encounters, which 
gave him a wide reputation in the sport- 
ing world, and after winning what is 
called the " Championship," in 1858, he 
relinquished the profession. He subse- 
quently entered into politics, and in 1866 
was elected a Eepresentative, from New 
York, to the Fortieth Congress, serving 
on the Committee on Eevolutionary Pen- 
sions. 

Morrow, Jeremiah.— Born in Penn- 
sylvania, in 1770, but removed to the 
North-west Territor,v, now the State of 
Ohio, in 1795, and was chosen a member 
of the Territorial Legislature in 1800. He 
was the first Eepresentative in Congress, 
from Ohio, serving from 1803 to 1813 ; and 
was a Senator in Congress from 1813 to 
1819, being appointed in 1814 a Commis- 
sioner to treat with the Indians. He was 
in 1821 a Presidential Elector, and Gov- 
ernor of Ohio, from 1822 to 1823; subse- 
quently a Canal Commissioner; was 
elected to Congress in 1840 for the unex- 
pired term of Thomas Corwin ; served also 
as a Eepresentative in Congress, from 
1841 to 1843, officiatingas Chairman of the 
Committee on Public Lands ; and for sev- 
eral yeai's before his deatii was President 
of the Little Miami Eailroad Company. 
He died in Ohio, March 22, 1852. 

Morse, Freeman H. — He was bora 
in Bath, Maine, February 18, 1807 ; was in 
the State Legislature Irora 1840 to 1844, 
and also in 1853 and 1856 ; was Mayor of 
Bath three j'^ears; was elected to Congress 
in 1843, serving one term; and was re- 
elected a Eepresentative to the Thirty-fifth 
Congress, from Maine, serving as a mem- 
ber of the Committee on the Cost of 
Public Printing, and that on Naval Afiiiirs. 
He was also re-elected to the Thirty-sixth 
Congress and was a member of the Special 
Committee of Thirty-three on the Rebel- 
lious States. He was also a member of 



BIOGBArniCAL BECORDS. 



279 



the "Peace Congress" of 18G1; and by- 
President Lincoln was appointed Consul 
at Loudon. 

Morse f Isaac Ecltvarcls.—Born in 

New Orleans, Louisiana, in 1809 ; educated 
at Partridge's Military Academies at Nor- 
wicli, in Vermont, and at Middletown, in 
Connecticut; graduated at Harvard Uni- 
versity in 1829; studied law in New 
Orleans and in Pennsylvania; and was 
a Representative from Louisiana in the 
Twenty-eighth, Twenty-ninth, Thirtieth, 
and TIiirt3'-first Congresses, or from 18i3 
to 1851. He was subsequently Attorney- 
General of Louisiana, and died in New 
Orleans, February 11, 18GG. 

Morse, O. A. — Born in Cherry Val- 
ley, Otsego County. New Yoriv, March 26, 
1815 ; graduated at Hamilton College, New 
Yorlv; studied law, but has not practised 
of laie years; and was re-elected a Rep- 
resentative to the Thirty-flftli Congress, 
serving as a member of the Committee on 
Invalid Pensions. 

Morton, JTacliSon. — He was born in 
Virginia, and, removing to Florida, was a 
Senator in Congress, from that State, from 
1849 to 1855. He subsequently entered 
extensively into the business of manufac- 
turing liiml)er in Florida. Served in the 
Rebellion as a member of the Confederate 
Congress. 

3Iorton, tTeremiah.—He was born 
in Virginia, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1849 to 
1851. 

3Iorton, John, — Born in Ridley, 
Delawai-e County, Pennsylvania, in 1724; 
spent liis boyhood on his fathei''s farm, and 
received a common English education ; in 
1764 he was appointed a Justice of the 
Peace ; was soon elected to the Assembly 
of the State ; was a member of the New 
York Congress in 1765; in 1767 he became 
a County Slierilf, holding the office three 
3'ears ; was a Judge of tlie Supreme Court ; 
he was a signer of the Declaration of Inde- 
pendence ; a Delegate to the Continental 
Congress from 1774 to 1777; and he died 
in April of the latter year. His dying 
words were uttered in behalf of his dis- 
tracted country. 

Morton, 3Iarcus. — He was born in 
Freetown, Massachusetts, December 19, 
1784 ; graduated at Brown University in 
1804; studied law, and devoted himself to 
politics; in 1811 lie was chosen Clerk of 
the Massachuselts Senate ; he was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from Massachu- 
setts, from 1817 to 1821; in 1823 was a 
member of the Executive Council of that 
State; in 1824 was elected Lieutenant- 
Governor; subsequently a Judge of the 
Supreme Court of Massachusetts, from 



1825 to 1840; and was Governor of the 
State from 1840 to 1841, and again from 
1843 to 1844; and was Collector of Boston 
from 1845 to 1849. He was also a member of 
the " Constitutional Convention " of 1853 ; 
and a member of the State Legislature in 
1858. Died at Taunton, February G, 18G4. 

3Iorton, Oliver P.— lie was born 
in Wayne County, Indiana, August 4, 
1823; was educated at the Miami Univer- 
sity; studied law and came to the bar 
in 1847; in 1852 he Avas elected Circuit 
Judge of the Fifth Judicial C'lvcmt of In- 
diana; in 185G lie was nominated by the 
Republicans for the office of Governor of 
Indiana, but defeated; in ISGO he was 
elected Lieutenant-Governou of Indiana, 
and in 18G1, on the transfer of Governor 
II. S. Lane to the Senate, he assumed the 
office of Governor and held it four years; 
in 18G4 he was elected Governor for a 
second term; and in 1SC5, on account of 
his having been stricken with paralysis, 
he visited Europe in the hope of im- 
proving his health, but returned in 1866, 
and in spite of continued ill health re- 
sumed his executive duties. In June, 18G6, 
he delivered a political speech while seated 
in liis chair, which created much enthusi- 
asm in the State, and of which more than 
a million copies were published in pam- 
phlet form; and on the subsequent meet- 
ing of the Legislature, in Januarj^, 1867, lie 
was elected i:>y a remarkable vote a Sena- 
tor in Congress for the term ending in 
1873, serving on the Committees on 
Foreign Relations, Agriculture, Military 
Affairs, and Private Land Claims. 

Moseley, Jonathan Offden.—Bora 

at East Haddon, Middlesex County, Con- 
necticut; was a graduate of Yale College 
in 1780 ; and a Representative in Congress, 
from his native State, from 1805 to"l821. 
He subsequently removed to Michigan, 
and died at Saginaw, in that State, Sep- 
tember 9, 1839, aged seventy-seven years. 

Moseley, WiUiatn A.— Re graduat- 
ed at Yale College in 181G; was a member 
of the New York Assembly in 1835 ; of the 
State Senate from 1838 to 1841; and a 
Representative in Congress from 1843 to 
1847. 

3Iott, Gorilen JV. — "Was born in 
Zanesville, Ohio, October 21, 1812 ; studied 
law and came to the bar in 1S3G ; during 
the troubles in that year between Mexico 
and Texas he served nine months as a 
volunteer in the Texan service ; and soon 
after that returned to Ohio, and settled in 
the practice of his profession in I\Iiami 
County. He also served as a Captain in 
the war with JMexico, having raised the 
company he commanded, after which ho 
again returned to his native State. In 1849 
he emigrated to California; in 1850 was 
elected Judge of Sutter County ; in 1851 



280 



ElOGBAPtllCAL BEOOUDS. 



appointed a District Judge; in 18G1 he 
■was appointed, by President Lincoln, a 
Justice of tlie Supreme Court of Nevada 
Territory; and iu 1862 was elected a Dele- 
gate from that Territory, to the Thirty- 
eighth Congress. 

Mott, fJatnes. — He was a Represent- 
ative ill Congress, from New Jersey, from 
1801 to 1805. He had previously been 
Treasurer of the State, and was a Presi- 
dential Elector in 1809. 

Hotf, MicJiard. — Born in Mamai'o- 
neck, AYestchester County, New York, 
July 21, 1804. He was educated at the 
Quaker Seminary of " Nine Partners," in 
Duchess County, New York ; bred a mer- 
chant, and has resided in Toledo, Ohio, 
for twenty .years ; was elected to the Thir- 
ty-fourth Congress, and re-elected to the 
Thirty-flfch. 

3Iotte, Isaac. — He was a Delegate, 
from South Carolina, to the Continental 
Congress, from 1780 to 1782. 

Moulton, Mace. — He Avas born in 
New Jiampsihire; was Sheriff of Hillsboro' 
County in 1845 ; a State Councillor in 1848 
and 1849 ; aud was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from that State, from 1845 to 1847. 

Moulton, Samuel TF.— He was born 
in Wenham, Massachusetts, January 20, 
1822; received a common-school educa- 
tion; after spending some years in the 
Southern States he settled in Illinois in 
1845 ; adopted the profession of law ; was 
amember of the Illinois Legislature, from 
1852 to 1859 ; was a Presidential Elector 
in 185'i; was the author of the present 
common-school system of the State ; was 
chosen President of the Board of Educa- 
tion of Illinois in 1859, and lield the posi- 
tion in 18G4, when he was elected a Repre- 
sentative, from Illinois, to the Thirty-ninth 
Congress, serving on the Committees on 
Territories, and Expenditures in the Navy 
Department, and also on those on a Bu- 
reau of Education and Free Schools in the 
District of Columbia. 

Mouton, Alexander. — He was a 

Senator in Congress, from Louisiana, from 
1837 to 1841, and Governor of the State 
from 1841 to 1845. Took part in the Re- 
bellion. 

Motor J/, tTr., Daniel.— Tie was a 

resident of Smithfield, Rhode Island, 
which he represented in the Colonial Gen- 
eral Assembly at the time when they 
passed the act which renounced legisla- 
tion to the king. He w^as Judge of the 
Court of Common Pleas in Rhode Island ; 
was elected a Delegate to the Continental 
Congress, from that State, in 1781. Al- 
though the intention was to keep only two 
delegates in Congress, four were elected, 



with, instructions to serve alternately, 
each couple for six months. Varnumand 
Mowry were to have the flrst six mouths, 
and Collins and EUery the second. 

MuJilenberfff Francis Samuel.— 

"Was born in Philadelphia, April 22, 1795; 
received a liberal education ; studied law, 
aud was private Secretai-y of Governor 
Heister, of Pennsylvania. He removed to 
Ohio ; became a member of the Legisla- 
ture of that State ; and was a Representa- 
tive, from Ohio, inlhe Twentieth Congress. 
Died in Pickaway County, Ohio, iu 1832. 

Muhlenberg, Frederich Augus- 
tus.— Tiroiher of F. S. Muhlenberg; was 
born at theTrappe, June 2, 1750; was oi"- 
dained to the ministry of the Lutheran 
Church in Germany. On his return he 
officiated in country churches in Pehns.yl- 
vania, and in a church in New York Cit.v, 
which he left when the British entered. 
In 1779 and 1780 he was elected to the 
Continental Congress by the Legislature 
of Pennsylvania. For three years follow- 
ing he was a member of and Speaker of 
the State Legislature. He was a member 
of aud President of the Council of Cen- 
sors, and took an efficient part in calling 
the Convention of 1790, which revised the 
State Constitution. He was President of 
the State Convention called to consider 
the ratification of the Federal Constitution, 
to which he gave an earnest support. He 
was a member of the First, Second, Third, 
and Fourth Congresses ; was Speaker of the 
House in the First and Third Congresses ; 
and was one of those who voted for locat- 
ing the Seat of Government on the Poto- 
mac. As Chairman of the Committee of 
the Whole, he gave his casting vote in 
favor of the law required to carry Jay's 
Treaty into effect. He was Register of 
the Land Office of Pennsylvania, under 
Govei'nors Mifflin and Mclvean, holding 
which office he died at Lancaster, on June 
4, 1801. 

Muhlenberg, Henry Augustus, 

— Son of Rev. Dr. Henry Ernestus and 
nephew of J. P. G. and F. A. Muhlenberg, 
was born at Lancaster, Pennsylvania, 
May 13, 1782. Carefully educated by his 
very learned father, he was ordained to 
the Lutheran ministry in 1802. He was 
called to Trinity Church, Reading, Penn- 
sylvania, in 1802, and remained a most 
acceptable pastor of that congregation 
until 1828, when, for ill health and other 
causes, he resigned the ministry. He 
was President of the Luth&ran Miuisteri- 
um of Pennsylvania, as had been his 
father and grandltither before him. He 
was elected a Representative, from Penn- 
sylvania, to Congress, in 1828, aud served 
from March 4, 1829, until February, 1838, 
when he resigned Iiis seat and accepted 
the mission to Austria, about that time 
created. President Van Bureu offered 



BIOGRAPHICAL BECOBDS. 



281 



him the Navy Department, when forming 
his cabinet, and the mission to Russia, 
botii of wliicli he declined. In 1835 he 
vas tlie candidate of a portion of the 
Democratic party for Governor. In 1S40 
he was recalled, at his own request, from 
Austria. In ISi-t he was nominated for 
the Governorship by the Democratic par- 
ty, but during the canvass died suddenly 
at Reading, on the 12th of August of 
that year. lie was greatly beloved by 
the people, and greatly deserved their 
love as an upright man and able statesman. 

MiiJilenberff, Henry Augustus. 

— A son of Henry A. Muhlenberg, before 
mentioned, was born at Reading, Penn- 
sylvania, in July, 1823. He received an 
excellent education, availing himself to 
the fullest extent of every advantage 
offered to him. Graduated at Dickinson 
College ; studied law for four years, and 
was admitted to the bar in July, 1844. 
He was elected to the State Senate in 
1849, of which body he at once became a 
leading member; he served his term of 
three years. He wrote a life of General 
Muhlenberg. Was elected a member of 
the Thirty-third Congress, in which body 
he appeared but for one day; sickening 
with typhoid fever, he was never able to 
resume his seat, and died, at Washington, 
January 9, 1854, to the great regret of a 
constituency which anticipated for him a 
loug and distinguished career in the pub- 
lic service. 

Miihlenherg , John Peter Ga- 

briel.— Son of Henry Melchior Muhlen- 
berg; was born at the Trappe, Pennsylva- 
nia, October 1, 1746. He was sent to 
Halle, in Germany, Avith his two younger 
brothers, Frederick A. and Henry E., in 
17G2, for education. The three brothers 
were devoted to the Christian ministry. 
Peter was ordained Deacon in the Church 
of England, on April 21, 1772, by the 
Bishop of London; a few days after. 
Priest, in company with William White, 
afterwards Bishop. Returning to Amer- 
ica he was settled over a charge in Dun- 
more, now Shenandoah County, Virginia. 
In 1774 he was elected to the House of 
Burgesses of that Colony. At the break- 
ing out of the Revolution, his ardent 
sympathies with it carried him into the 
army. In his farewell sermon he told his 
people, "Tliere was a time for all things, 
— a time to preach and a time to tight, 
ami that now was tlie time to fight." He 
raised the Eighth Virginia Regiment, and 
was made Colonel of it. His first cam- 
paign was in South Carolina and Georgia. 
On February 21, 1777, he was made Brig- 
adier-General, in which capacity he served 
with distinguished gallantry at Brandy- 
wine, Germantown, Monmouth, Stony 
Point, in Virgiuia, and at Yorktown, 
wiiere he commanded the First Brigade 
of Light Infantry, in making the final 



assault with which, he was wounded. In 
the last promotion he was made Major- 
Gencral. After the war he was elected 
Vice-President of Pennsylvania; was a 
Presidential Elector in 1707; member of 
the First, Third, and Sixth Congresses, 
from Pennsylvania; and United States 
Senator in 1801, Avhich otBce he resigned 
in 1802. He left the Senate in 1S02, and 
was appointed Supervisor of Revenue for 
Pennsylvania in that year; Collector of 
the port of Philadelphia in 1803, holding 
which office he died October 1, 1807. 

3tiillin, Joseph. — He was a native 
of Ireland, and a Representative in Con- 
gress, from New York, from 1847 to 1849. 

3Iullins, James. — He was born in 
Bedford County, Tennessee, September 
15, 1807; received a limited education 
while working upon his father's farm; 
on becoming of age he turned his atten- 
tion to the milling business, and subse- 
quently became a millwright, which 
business he followed until 1859. In 1831 
he was made a Colonel of Militia; from 
1840 to 1846 he was a County Sheriff; in 
1862, on account of his devotion to the 
Union, lie was compelled to llee from his 
home for safety, and resided within the 
Federal lines at Nashville ; he became a 
Staft'OIIlcer .and participated in the battle 
of Murfreesborough; also took part in the 
assault on Hoover's Gap ; he was a Del- 
egate to the " Nashville Convention " of 
1865 ; was elected to the State Legislature 
in the same year, and made Speaker; and 
in 1867 he was elected a Representative, 
from Tennessee, to the Fortieth Congress, 
serving on the Committees on Territo- 
ries, and Revolutionary Pensions. 

3Iuinford, George.— Born in Row- 
an County, North Carolina. He repre- 
sented it in the General Assembly in 1810 
and 1811; and Avas a Representative in 
Congress, from 1817 to 1819, having died 
in Washington before the expiration of 
his terra, December 31, 1818. 

3Iuinford, Gurdon S.—Re Avas 
born in New York, and was a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from that State, from 
1805 to 1811. 

3Iiingen, Williain.—lle was born 
in Baltimore, Maryland, May 12, 1821; 
removed Avith his parents to Ohio in 1830; 
he received the rudiments of his educa- 
tion from his mother, but afterwards 
obtained a knowledge of the Latin and 
German languages; spent his youth en- 
gaged in agricultural pursuits; ailopted 
the profession of law : was for some years 
the publisher and editor of the " Demo- 
cratic Courier," published iu Fiiidlay, 
Ohio; in 1846 and 1848 he was chosen a 
County Auditor; in 1851 lie Avas elected 
to the State Senate and declined a re- 



282 



BIOGBAPHIGAL HECOBBS. 



election; was a Delegate to the Demo- 
cratic "Cincinnati Convention" of 1856, 
to the " Cluirlestou and Baltimore Con- 
ventions " of 1860, and to the Phihidelphia 
" National Union Convention " of 18G6. 
He served during the Rebellion under 
General Sherman, as Colonel of the Fifty- 
seventh Ohio Volunteers, which he raised, 
from 1861 to 1863, when he resigned on 
account of ill health. On recovering his 
health he was appointed the State Agent 
to visit all the Ohio troops in the Depart- 
ment of Tennessee with poll-books and 
tally-sheets; in 1864: he was appointed to 
perform the same duty for the Ohio troops 
in the Army of the Potomac; and in 1866 
lie was elected a Representative from Ohio 
to the Fortieth Congress, serving on the 
Committees on the Niagara Ship Canal, 
the Union Prisoners, and Indian Aflairs. 

Munroe, Jatnes.—TLQ was born in 
Virginia; and, having removed to New 
York, was elected a Representative in 
Congress from that State, serving from 
1830 to 1S4L. He was a member of the 
Assembly of New York in 1850 and 1852, 
and a State Senator during the three sub- 
sequent years. 

Murfree, William Jff.— Born in 
Hertford County, North Carolina; grad- 
uated at Ciiaperiiill in 1801, and, having 
studied law, was a successful advocate. 
He served in the State Legislature in 1805, 
and was a Representative in Congress, 
from 1813 to 1817; and was Presidential 
Elector in 1813. In la25 he emigrated to 
Tennessee, and soon after died at Nash- 
ville. 

Murphy, CJiarles.— Tie wa^ horn in 
Soutli Carolina, and Avas a Representative 
in Congress, from Georgia, from 1851 to 
1853, 

MurpJitf, Henry C. — He was born in 
Brooklyn, New York, in 1810; graduated 
at Columbia College in 1830 ; studied law, 
and was admitted to the bar in 1833 ; was 
at one time Attorney for the City of 
Brooklyn; was elected Mayor of that city 
in 1842; was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from New York, from 1843 to 1849 ; 
and by President Buchanan was appointed 
Minister to the Hague. In his tastes he 
was decidedly literary, and has devoted 
much attention to the investigation of the 
early history of his native State. On his 
return from Europe he was elected to the 
Legislature of New York, serving both in 
tlie Assembly and Senate; and he was 
also a Delegate to the "State Constitution- 
al Convention" of 1867; and was subse- 
quently re-elected to the State Senate. 
In 1868 he published a translation from 
the Dutch entitled "Journal of a Voyage 
to New York, in 1679-'80." 

Murphy, tTo7in.~-Re was a native 



of South Carolina; graduated at the 
South Carolina College in 1808; was 
Clerk of the Senate of South Carolina; 
Trustee of his Alma Mater; removed to 
Alabama in 1817; was Governor of Ala- 
bama from 1825 to 1829, and a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from that State, from 
1833 to 1835. He died in Clark County, 
Alabama, September 21, 1841, in the tifty- 
sixtli year of his age. 

Murray, Atnhrose /S.— He was born 
in New York, and was elected a Repre- 
sentative, from that State, to the Thirty- 
fourth andThirty-tifth Congresses, and was 
a member of the Committee on Mileage. 

3£urray, J'ohn, — He was born in 
Lancaster, Pennsylvania, and was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from that State, 
from 1817 to 1821. 

3Iurray, J'ohn L. — He was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from Kentucky, 
from 1838 to 1839. 

Murray, Thomas. — He was borniu 

Northumberland County, Pennsylvania, 
and was a Representative in Congress, 
from that State, from 1821 to 1823. 

3Iurray, William, — He was born 
in New York, and was a Representative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1851 
to 1855. 

Murray, William Vans.— lie was 
born in Maryland about the year 1761. In 
1783 he went to London, and entered as a 
student of law at the Temple, and re- 
mained three j'ears. On returning to his 
native State he engaged in the practice 
of law, but was soon elected to a seat in 
the Legislature. In 1791 he vvas elected 
a Representative to Congress, and con- 
tinued in that position until 1797, when 
he declined being a candidate. He was 
appointed, by Washington, Minister to 
the Netherlands ; and, in connection with 
Mr. Ellsworth and Mr. Davie, he negoti- 
ated a treaty with France in 1800. He 
returned to the United States in 1801, 
and died December 11, 1803. He pos- 
sessed great keenness of wit and delicacy 
of taste, and was distinguished for his > 
eloquence, having a mind well stored with i 
science and literature. 

Myers, Amos. — Born in Lancaster 
County, Pennsylvania, April 23, 1824; » 
I'eceived a good academic education; i 
studied law, and came to the bar in 1846. 
In 1847 he was appointed a District At- 
torney; and in 1862 he was elected a 
Representative, from Pennsylvania, to the 
Thirty-eighth Congress, serving as Chair- 
man of the Committee on Expenditures c, 
in the Navy Department, and a member 
of the Committee on Mileage. 



BIOQEAPIIICAL BECOBDS. 



283 



3Itfers, Leonard. — He was born in 
Attleborouarh, Bik*;s County, Pennsylva- 
nia, November 13, 1827; received a liberal 
education, and adopted tlie profession of 
law; was Solicitor for two municipal dis- 
tricts in Philadelphia; di^2;psted the ordi- 
uances for the consolidalion of the city, 
and has translated several works from the 
French. He was elected in 18U2 a Rep- 
resentative, from Pennsylvania, to the 
Tliirty-eighth Congress, serving on the 
Committees on Patents, and Expendi- 
tures in the Post OlTice Department. Re- 
elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, 
serving on the Committees on Patents, 
Expenditni'es in the Post Office Depart- 
ment, and the Special Committee on the 
Civil Service. Re-elected to the Fortieth 
Congress, and was placed on the Commit- 
tees on Foreign Affairs, and Patents. 

Nahers, Benjamin X>. — He was 

born in Tennessee; and, on removing to 
Mississippi, was elected a Representative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1851 to 
1853. Returning to Teiniessee, he was a 
PresideutialElector in 1861 from that State. 

Nash, Abner.—He was of Welsh de- 
scent, and born in Prince Edward County, 
Virginia; was educated for the bar; he 
was the first elected Speaker of the North 
Carolina Senate ; the second Governor of 
the State, under the Constitution, in 1781 ; 
from 1782 to 1785 he was in the Assembly ; 
and was a Delegate to the Continental 
Congress from 1782 to 1786. Died during 
the latter year while on his way to Phila- 
delphia to take his seat in Congress. 

Ifaudain, Arnold. — He was born in 
Delaware ; graduated at Princeton College 
in 180(1; and was a Senator in Congress, 
from Delaware, from 1829 to 1836. 

Kaylor, Charles.— 'Born in the Coun- 
ty of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, October 
6, 1806; educated a lawyer, admitted in 
1828 to the bar of Philadelphia, and was 
there for some years extensively engaged 
in practice. He represented his native 
disti-ict in Congress, from 1837 to 1841. 
In 1846 he raised in Pliiladelphia a com- 
pany of volunteers, and as their Captain 
took part in the war with Mexico ; rendez- 
voused at the Island of Lobos, in the Gulf 
of Mexico; landed with the invading army 
atVera Cruz ; was active in the operations 
before that city, and in most of the en- 
gagements on General Scott's line. Upon 
the fall of the City of Mexico, September 
14, 1847, he was appointed Governor of 
the National Palace (the "Halls of the 
Montezumas "), and keeper of the archives 
and property of that Republic ; and con- 
tinued to hold that place, and to aid in the 
administration of the government of the 
city, till the final evacuation of it by the 
American army, June 12, 1848. He has 
filled many posts of trust and honor in iiis 



native State, and is at present engaged in 
the practice of his profession in the City 
of ^V■ashiugton. 

Neale, Maphael. — He was born in 
St. Mary's County, Maryland, and was a 
Representative in Congress, from that 
State, from 1819 to 1825. 

Neilson, John, — He was a Delegate, 
from New Jersey, to the Continental Con- 
gress, in 1778 and 1779. 

Nelson, Homer A. — He Avas born in 
Poughkeepsie, New York, August 31, 
1829 ; adopted the profession of law. In 
1855 he was elected Judge of Duchess 
County for four years, and in 185D was re- 
elected for a second term, and in 1862 he 
was elected a Representative, froin New 
York, to the Thirty-eighth Congress, serv- 
ing on the Committees on Indian Affairs, 
and Unfinished Business. In 1857 Rut- 
gers College, of New Jersey, conferred 
upon him the degree of Master of Arts, 
and at the time of his election to Congress 
he was Colonel of the One Hundred and 
Fifty-ninth Regiment of New York Volun- 
teers, which he resigned. Ho was also a 
Delegate to the '• State Constitutional 
Convention " of 1867; and a few months 
afterwards he was elected Secretary of 
State. In 1868 he was the Secretary of 
State of New York. 

Nelson, Hugh. — He was born in Vir- 
ginia, and was at one time Speaker of the 
House of Delegates of Virginia; a Judge 
of the General Court; a Presidential Elec- 
tor in 1809 ; a member of Congress from 
1811 to 1823; and immediately afterwards 
appointed American Minister to Spain. He 
died in Albemarle County, March 18, 1836. 

Nelson, tTeremiah. — He was born in 

Rowley, Essex County, Massachusetts, in 
1768; graduated at Dartmouth College in 
1790; settled in Newburyport, Massachu- 
setts, as a merchant; served as a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Massachu- 
setts, from 1805 to 1808, and again from 
1815 to 1823; and died at Newburyport, 
October 2, 1838. 

Nelson, John. — He was born in Fred- 
erick, Maryland; was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1821 to 
1823; in 1831 was appointed Charge d'Af- 
faires to the Two Sicilies; and in 1844 
was Attorney-General of the United States 
under President Tyler. Died in Balti- 
more, January 8, 1860, aged sixty-nine 
years. 

Nelson, JRoger.—Tle was a General 
in the Revolutionary war, and a Repre- 
scmtative in Congress, from Maryland, 
from 1804 to 1810, and died at Fred- 
ericktown, June 7, 1815, at an advanced 
age. 



284 



BIOGBAPIIICAL BEC0BD8. 



Nelson, Thomas, — Boi*n in York, 

Viruiiiia, December 2G. 1738 ; was educated 
at Trinity College, Ei),i>-land; was devoted 
to farming, and something of a sportsman. 
In 1774 lie was elected to the House of 
Burgesses, and took a bold stand in favor 
of liberty ; was re-elected to that position ; 
after attending various local conventions, 
he was elected a Delegate to the Conti- 
nental Congress from 1775 to 1777, and 
again from 1779 to 1780, and was a signer 
of the Declaration of Independence. He 
look some part in the military affairs of 
the time as a Brigadier-General; served in 
the State Legislature; in 1781 he was 
elected Governor of Virginia; he was 
present at the siege of Yorktovvn, ac- 
quitted himself with ability, and was pub- 
licly thanked by Washington ; retired to 
private life in 1781; and died in January, 
1789. 

Xelson, Thomas A, M.—TLe was 

born in Tennessee; was bred alaw3-er; 
■was a Presidential Elector in 1848; in 
1851 he was appointed, liy President Fill- 
more, a Commissioner to China; served 
as a Eepresentative from that State in the 
Thirty-sixth Congress, and was a member 
of the Special Committee of Thirt3^-three 
on the Rebellions States. He was re- 
elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress, 
but was prevented from taking his seat by 
the forcible action of the Rebel Govern- 
ment. He was also a Delegate to the 
Pliiladelphia "National Union Conven- 
tion" of 18G6; and in March, 18G8, he 
acted as one ©f the Counsel for President 
Andrew Johnson, before the High Court 
of Impeachment. 

Nelson, Thoinas iUT.— He was born 
in Virginia in 1782; served with distinc- 
tion in the war of 1812 as a Captain of In- 
ftuitry; after the war he was promoted to 
the rank of Major, but resigned his com- 
mission ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from his native State, from 1816 to 
1819, when he declined a re-election, and 
retired to private life. He died November 
10, 1853. 

Nelson, TTilliain.— Born in Clinton, 

Duchess County, New York, June 29, 
1784 ; he received an academical education ; 
studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 
1807 ; was District Attorney for the Coun- 
ties of Westchester, Putnam, and Rock- 
land, for a period of thirty years ; was a 
member of the Assembly of New York in 
1819 and 1820, and a State Senator in 
1828 ; and he was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from New York, from 1847 to 1851. 
He is at the present time a resident of 
Peekskill. 

Nes, Henry. — Born in York, Pennsyl- 
vania, in 1799, and was educated a physi- 
cian. He was frequently called to fill 



places of trust and responsibility in his 
native town, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from 1843 to 1845, and again 
from 184(5 to 1850, serving as Chairman of 
the Committee on Invalid Pensions. He 
was retiring in his habits, but had many de- 
voted friends. He died September 10, 1850. 

Nesbitf, JVilson. — He was a Eepre- 
sentative in Congress, from South Caro- 
lina, from 1817 to 1819. 

Nesniith, tTaines W.—Was born iu 
Washington County, Maine, July 23, 1820; 
wlien quite young removed to New Hamp- 
shire, and in 1838 emigrated to Ohio ; sub- 
sequently spent some time in Missouri; 
and in 1843 emigrated to Oregon. In 1848 
and 1858 he commanded, as a Captain, two 
expeditions against the Indians ; in 1853 lie 
was appointed United States Marshal for 
Oregon, which he resigned in 1855, and 
had the command of a regiment; in 1857 
he was appointed Superintendent of Indian 
Affairs for Oregon and Washington Terri- 
tories ; and was elected a Senator in Con- 
gress, from Oregon, for the full term, begin- 
ning in 1861 and ending in 1867, serving 
on the Committees on Military Affairs, and 
Indian Affairs, and also the Special Com- 
mittee appointed to visit the Indian tribes 
of the West, and the Committees on Com- 
merce, and Revolutionary Claims. In 1866 
he was appointed a visitor to the West 
Point Academy, and was one of the Sen- 
ators designated to attend the funeral of 
General Scott. He was also a Delegate 
to the Philadelphia " National Union Con- 
vention " of 1866. 

Nez!ell, tToseph. — He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Virginia, from 
1793 to 1795. Died March 4, 1819. 

New, Anthony. — He was born ia 
Gloucester County, Virginia, and was a 
Representative in Congress, from Vir- 
ginia, from 1793 to 1805 ; and, on taking up 
his residence in Kentucky, was elected a 
Representative in Congress, from that 
State, from 1811 to 1813,1'rom 1817 to 1818, 
and from 1821 to 1823. 

Newbold, Thoinas.—TLe was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from New Jersey, 
from 1807 to 1813 ; after which he served 
in the Legislature of that State. Died in 
Burlington County, of apoplexy, in De- 
cember, 1823. 

Newcotnb, C. A.— He was born in 
Mercer County, Pennsylvania, July 1, 
1830; received a classical education; 
adopted the profession of law; devoted 
much attention to the business of fruit- 
growing, especially to the culture of the 
grape ; removed to Iowa, and was a Cir- 
cuit Judge for two years; Judge of a 
county Court for three years; settled in 



BIOGBAPBICAL BECOBDS. 



285 



Missouri, and was elected for two years 
to the Legislature of that State, and in 
1866 he was elected a Representative, from 
Missouri to tlie Fortieth Congress, serv- 
ing on tlie Committees on Agriculture, and 
Koads and Canals. 

Newell, William A.—\Iq was born 
in Oliio; graduated at Rutgers College; 
was educated for the medical profession ; 
and, on taking up his residence in New 
Jersej', was elected a Representative in 
Congress from 1847 to 1851, serving on 
the Committees on Revolutionary Claims 
and Roads and Canals. In 1856 was 
elected Governor of New Jersey for the 
term ending in 1860, and was a Delegate 
to the "Baltimore Convention" of 1864. 
Re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress 
in 1864, serving on the Committees on 
Revolutionary Claims, Foreign Affairs, 
and War Debts of the Loyal States. He 
was also a Delegate to the Philadelphia 
"Loyalists' Convention " of 1866. 

Newhard, Peter.— Re was born in 
Pennsylvania, and was a Representative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1839 to 
1843. 

Newman, Alexander, — He was 
born in Orange County, Virginia, in 1806 ; 
in 1836 he was elected to the State Legis- 
lature, where he served several years, and 
was also elected to the State Senate; 
from 1845 to 1840 he was Postmaster of 
Wheeling ; and was elected a Representa- 
tive, from Virginia, to the Thirty-first 
Congress, but died before taking his seat, 
of cholera, while on a visit to Pittsburg*, 
Pennsylvania, in July, 1849. 

Netvjnan, Daniel, — He served as a 
soldier in the early Indian wars in Georgia ; 
held many high positions in the State, and 
was a member of Congress, from 1831 to 
1833. He died in Walker County, Georgia. 

Newton, Eben.— Born in Goshen, 
Litchfield County, Connecticut, October 
16, 1795 ; his early education was limited, 
having been obtained while working on a 
farm ; his first earnings oflf the farm were 
obtained from teaching school in the win- 
ter; in 1814 he emigrated to Portage 
County, Ohio, and turned his attention to 
farming exclusively; he studied law, and 
in 1823 was admitted to the bar, and be- 
came the partner of Elisha Whittlesey, at 
Canfleld, Ohio. In 1842 he was elected a 
member of the Ohio Senate; was soon 
afterwards elected President Judge of the 
Third Circuit; and was elected a Repre- 
sentative in Congress for the term from 
1851 to 1853, but before taking his seat 
visited Europe. In 1856 he was elected 
President of the Ashtabula and New Lis- 
bon Railroad Company, in which position 
he remained until 1859, when he declined 
a re-election. He has of late years de- 



voted himself to the pursuits of agricul- 
ture, in which he is eminently successful. 

Newton, Thomas. — Born in Norfolk, 
Virginia, in 17(19; was a Representative 
in Congress, from Virginia, from 1801 to 
1829, and again from 1831 to 1833. He 
served fjr many years as Chairman of the 
Committee on Commerce and Manufac- 
tures. He died in Norfolk, Virginia, 
August 5, 1847. 

Newton, Thomas W. — He was a 

Representative in Congress, from Arkan- 
sas, from February to March, 1847. 

Newton, Willoughhy. — He was 

born in Virginia, and was a Representative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1843 to 
1845. 

NiblacJe, William E.— Born in Du- 
bois County, Indiana, May 19, 1822. He 
studied law, and was admitted to practice 
in 1843 ; during that year he was appointed 
County Surveyor; in 1849 he Avas elected 
to the State Legislature, where he served 
until 1852; in 1854 he was appointed a 
Circuit Judge, .and subsequently elected 
for six j^ears. He was elected a Repre- 
sentative in the Thirty-fifth Congress, from 
Indiana, serving on the Committee on 
Mileage, and re-elected to the Thirty-sixth 
Congress serving on the Committee on 
Patents. He was also a Delegate to the 
"Chicago Convention" of 1864, and was 
re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, 
serving on the Committee on Claims. Re- 
elected to the Fortieth Congress, serving 
on the Committee on Ways and Means. 

Nicholas, J'ohn.—He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Virginia, from 
1793 to 1801. He subsequently removed 
to Geneva, Ontario Count}', New York, 
whence he was elected to the State Senate 
from 1806 to 1809. Died May 27, 1821. 

Nicholas, JB. C. — He was born in Vir- 
ginia, and appointed Captain of Infantry 
in 1812, serving in diflerent grades until 
the reduction of the army in 1815. Set- 
tling in Louisiana, he was elected to the 
United States Senate, servingfrom 1835 to 
1841; and in 1851 was appointed State 
Superintendent of Public Scliools. 

Nicholas, Wilson C— A Governor 
of Virginia, an officer in the war of tlie 
Revolution, and a member of tho Conven- 
tion which ratified the Constitution of the 
United States. He was a distinguished 
member of the National House of Repre- 
sentatives from 1807 to 1809, and of the 
Senate of the United States from 1799 1o 
1804, and ably supported the measures of 
President Jeflerson's administration. In 
1804 he resigned his seat in the Senate 
and accepted the office of Collector of the 
ports of Norfolk and Portsmouth. He 



286 



BIOaBAPIIICAL BECOBDS. 



was afterwards a member of the House ; 
but he resi^ued his seat ia 1809. lu 1814 
he was Governor, and remained in oflice 
until 1817. He died at Milton, October 
10, 1820. 

Nichols, Matthias JT. — Born in 

Salein County, New Jersej', October 3, 
1824. His education was acquired in a 
printing-office and by the aid of friends, 
who instructed him after the ordinary 
. hours of labor. He studied law, and in 
184'J was licensed to practise in Auf^Iaize 
County, Ohio, He was Prosecutin,:jr At- 
torney for Allen County ; resigned the 
office in 1852 to become a candidate for 
Congress, and was elected a Representa- 
tive, from Ohio, totheThirty-third, Thirty- 
fourth, and Thirty-tifth Congresses, and 
was a member of the Joint Committee ou 
Printing. 

Nicholson, Alfred O. P.— He was 

born in Williamson County, Tennessee, 
August 31, 1808 ; graduated at Chapel Hill 
University, North Carolina, in 1827; set- 
tled in Tennessee as a lawyer; was a 
member of the Tennessee Legislature 
from 1883 to 1839 ; was a Senator in Con- 
gress, from that State, from 1840 to 1842 ; 
was a member of the Tennessee Senate 
from 1843 to 1845; Avas Chancellor of the 
middle division of the State in 1845; was 
President of the Bank of Tennessee in 
1846 and 1847 ; was elected Printer of the 
House of Representatives by the Thirty- 
third Congress, and Printer of the Senate 
by the Thirty-fourth Congress ; and from 
1853 to 1856 he was editor of the " Wash- 
ington Daily Union." He was elected a 
Senator in Congress, from Tennessee, for 
the term commencing in 1859 and ending 
in 1865, but was expelled July 11, 1861. 
He was a Delegate to the Philadelphia 
" National Union Convention" of 1866. 

Nicholson, John. — He was a mem- 
ber for several years of the New York 
Assembly, and a Representative in Con- 
gress, from that State, from 1809 to 1811. 
Died January, 1820, aged fifty-five years. 

Nicholson, John ^.— He was born 
in Laurel, Sussex County, Delaware, No- 
vember 17, 1827; was educated at Dick- 
inson College, Pennsylvania; settled at 
Dover, Delaware, in 1847; studied law, 
and came to the bar in 1850; subsequently 
retired to private life, and was elected a 
Representative, from Delaware, to the 
Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the 
Committee on Public Expenditures, and 
the Special Committee on the Death of 
President Lincoln. Re-elected to the 
Fortieth Congress, serving ou the Com- 
mittee on Appropriations. 

Nicholson, Joseph Hopper.— k 

native of Maryland ; received a good edu- 
cation, and was a lawyer by profession. 



In 1805 he was appointed Cliief Judge of 
the Sixth Judicial District, antl was also a 
Judge of the Court of Appeals of Mary- 
land. From 1799 to 1806 he was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, and died March 4, 
1817, aged forty-seven years. 

Nicoll, Henri/.— Born in the City of 
New York, October 23, 1812; graduated 
at Columbia College in 1830; studied law, 
and has practised with success ; was a 
member of the New York " Constitutional 
Convention" in 1846; and a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from New York, from 
1847 to 1849. 

Niles, John M. — He was born in 
Windsor, Connecticut, in 1787, and was 
bred to the bar, and went to Hartford in 
1816 to practise law. In 1817 he was 
there, concerned in publishing the 
" Times," which he edited for a time. 
In 1820 he was a Commissioned Judge of 
the County Court. He was appointed 
Postmaster at Hartford by President 
Jackson, and held the office until made a 
Senator in Congress in 1835, in which 
position he remained until 1839. In 1840 
he was appointed Postmaster-General by 
President Van Buren. In 1842 he was 
again elected to the United States Senate, 
served six years, retired to private life, 
and died May 31, 1856. He was fond of 
literary pursuits, and his contributions to 
the periodical press were abundant. He 
edited a "Gazetteer" of Connecticut and 
Rhode Island, and wrote a " History of 
Soutli America." In his will he gave $20,- 
000 for the benefit of the poor of Hart- 
ford, and bequeathed his library to the 
Historical Society of Connecticut. 

Niles, Nathaniel. — He was born in 
South Princeton, Rhode Island, in 1741; 
graduated at Princeton College in 1766; 
was a student of law, medicine, and the- 
ology; was the inventor of making wire 
from bar iron, by water power, and erected 
at Norwich, Connecticut, a woollen card 
manufactory; he was a member of the 
Vermont Legislature, and Speaker of the 
House ; a Judge of the Supreme Court of 
that State; was six times a Pre&idential 
Elector; and a Representative in Con- 
gress, from Vermont, from 1791 to 1795. 
He wrote poetry and many sermons, and 
preached in liis own house twelve years. 
He died at West Fairlee, Vermont, in No- 
vember, 1828. 

Nisbet, E, A. — He was born in Geor- 
gia; and was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from that State, from 1839 to 1842. 
Took part in the Rebellion. 

Niven, Archibald C.—He was bora 
in New York.; and was a Representative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1845 
to 1847 ; and a member of the State Legis- 
lature in 1864. 



BIOGEAPIIICAL BECOBDS. 



287 



Nixon, John I. — TJorn in Cumberland 
County, New Jer,sey, in 1820; graduated 
at Princeton College in 1841 ; studied law, 
and came to the bar in 1845; served in tlic 
New Jersey Legislature from 18-18 to 1850, 
during the last year as Speaker; and was 
elected a Representative, from New Jersey, 
to the Thirty-sixth Congress, serving as a 
member of the (Committee on Commerce. 
Re-elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress, 
serving on the Committee on Commerce, 
lie was a Delegate to the Philadelphia 
'■'Loyalists' Convention " of 18G6. 

Nohle, David ^.— He was born in 
Massachusetts; liberally educated; adopt- 
ed the profession of law ; and on removing 
to Michigan, was elected a Representative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1853 to 
1855. 

Noble, tTaines. — He was a Senator in 
Congress, from Indiana, from 181G to 1831, 
having died in Washington, February 26, 
of the latter year. He was a native of 
Battletown, Clark County, Virginia, but 
removed when a youth to Kentucky, and 
subsequently to Indiana. He was a self- 
educated man, and very influential in his 
adopted State. 

Noble, Warren P. — He was born in 
Pennsylvania, June 14, 1821 ; received a 
good English education in the State of 
Ohio; studied laiv, and has practised ever 
since his admission to the bar; Avas elected 
to the Ohio Legislature in 185(>, serving 
two terms, and in 1800 was elected a Rep- 
resentative from Ohio to the Thirty-sev- 
enth Congress, serving on the Committee 
on Patents ; re-elected to the Thirty-eighth 
Congress, serving on the same commit- 
tee. 

Noble, WilUain M. — He was born 
in New York; served three years in the 
Assembly of that State, from Cayuga 
County ; and was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from New York, from 1837 to 1839. 
I)ied at Rochester, February 5, 1850, aged 
sixty-two years. 

Noell, John W. — Born in Bradford 

County, Virginia, February 15, 181G ; emi- 
grated to Missouri with his parents in 
1832 ; received a liberal education ; adopt- 
ed the profession of law; from 1841 to 
1850 he was Clerk of the Circuit Court of 
Perry County, Missouri; served four 
years in the State Senate of Missouri; and 
in 1858 he was elected a Representative, 
from Missouri, to the Thirty-sixth Con- 
gress, serving as a member of the Com- 
mittee on Expenses of the Public Build- 
ings. Re-elected to the Thirty-seventh 
Congress, serving as a member of the 
Committee on Claims. He was also re- 
elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, but 
died in Washington, March 14, 1863. 



Noell, Thoinas E. — He was born in 
Perryville, Missouri, April 3, 1833; re- 
ceived a good English education ; when 
nineteen years of ago he was aclniitted to 
the bar, and practised law until 1801, when 
he was appointed a Military Commissioner 
for arrest of disloyal persons: subse- 
quently went into the rank^ of the State 
Militia and obtained the rank of M.ijor, 
which he held until 1862; in that year he 
was appointed a Captain in the Nineteenth 
regiment of regular United States Infan- 
try; and he was subsequently elected a 
Representative from Missouri to the Thir- 
ty-ninth Congress, serving on the Com- 
mittees on Private Land Claims, the 
Militia, and Mines and Mining. He was a 
Delegate to the " National Union Conven- 
tion " held in Philadelphia, in 186(5, and 
re-elected to the Fortieth Conirress, but 
died at St. Louis, October 3, 1807. 

Norris, Jlfoses.— Born in Pittsfleld, 
New Hampshire, in 1799; graduated at 
Dartmouth College in 1828; studied law, 
and devoted himself successfully to the 
practice; in 1839 he was elected to the 
State Legislature, and in 1840 wa* elected 
Speaker of the House; in 1841 he was 
elected a member of the State Council; 
and in 1843 he was elected a Representa- 
tive in Congress, where he continued four 
years. In 1847 he was again a member of 
the Legislature, and Speaker; and while 
serving in that capacity, ho was elected a 
Senator in Congress, serving from 1849 to 
1855 ; and he died at Washington, January 
11, 1855. 

North, William. — He was Aid to 
Baron Steuben, in the Revolutionary war, 
and afterwards appointed Adjutant-Gen- 
eral. He was Senator in Congress, by ap- 
pointment, from New York, in 1798, in the 
place of J. S. Hobart, resigned. Died at 
New York, January 4, 1836, aged eight}'- 
three years ; and was buried at Duaues- 
burg. 

Norton, Daniel S.—Bovn in Mount 
Vernon, Knox County, Ohio, April 12, 
1829 ; was educated at Kenyon College ; 
served one year in the Avar Avith Mexico, 
in the Second Ohio Regiment ; commenced 
the study of laAV in 1848, at Mount Vernon ; 
and in 1850 went across the plains to Cal- 
ifornia, spending a part of that and the 
following year in Nicaragua. Returning 
to Ohio he renewed the study of law, and 
came to the bar in 1852 ; practised his pro- 
fession in that State until 1855, Avhen he 
removed to Minnesota; in 1857 he Avas 
elected to the State Senate, d'^clining a 
re-election in 1859, but Avas re-elected in 
1860, and also in 1863 and 18G4, having 
been a member of the State House of Rcp- 
resentatiA'es in 18G2. In 18G5 he took his 
seat as a Senator in Congress, from Min- 
nesota for the term ending in 1871, serving 



288 



BIOGBAPHICAL BECOBDS. 



on the Committees on Indian Affairs, En- 
jrrossed Bills, Claims, Teriitories, and 
Patents and the Patent Office. He was also 
a Delegate to the Philadelphia "Nacional 
Union Convention" of 1866. 

Norton, Ebeneser F.—Tle was born 
in New York; served iu the State Assem- 
bly, from Erie Count}^ in 1823; and was 
aiiepresentative in Congress, from New 
York, from 1829 to 1831. 

Norton, Elijah JT. — Was born in 
Logan County, Kentucky, November 24, 
1821; received a liberal classical educa- 
tion, graduating at the Transylvania Law 
School in 1841; removed to Missouri in 
1845; practised law until 1852, when he 
•was chosen a Judge of the Circuit Court 
of Missouri; re-elected to the same posi- 
tion in 1857; and, after resigning the 
Judgeship, in 1860, he was elected a llep- 
reseutative, from Missouri, to the Thirty- 
seventh Congress, serving on the Commit- 
tee on Post Oilices and Post Roads. 

Norton, Jesse O. — "Was born in 
Vermont; graduated at Williams College, 
Massachusetts; emigrated to Illinois in 
1839 ; studied law, and came to the bar of 
Illinois in 1810; was a member in 1847 
of the " State Constiiutional Convention ; " 
was a member of the State Legislature in 
1851 and 1852; was elected a Representa- 
tive, from Illinois, to the Thirty-third and 
Thirty- fourth Congresses, serving on the 
Committees on Post Offices and Post 
Roads; iu 1857 was elected Judge of the 
Eleventh Judicial District of Illinois, hold- 
ing the office until 1862 ; and in 1863 was 
re-elected a Representative to Congress, 
serving on the Committees on Post Offices 
and Post Roads, and Revolutionary Pen- 
sions. He was a Delegate to the Phila- 
delphia " National Union Convention" of 
1866. 

Norvell, JTohn^ — YLQ was bred a 
printer; was for a time the editor of a 
newspaper in Philadelphia; was appoint 
ed, by President Jackson, Postmaster of 
Detroit, in Michigan ; and, having become 
identilied with the Territory of Michigan, 
became one of the Senators in Congress, 
from the new State, having served iu that 
capacity from 1835 to 1841. He died of 
apoplexy, in April, 1850. 

Nott, Abraham. — He graduated at 
Yale College in 1787 ; was Judge of the 
Supreme Court of South Carolina, and,* 
was a Representative in Congress, from 
that State, from 1799 to 1801. Died June 
19, 1830. 

Nourse, Amos. — He graduated at 
Harvard in 1812; studied medicine; was 
a Medical Lecturer at Bowdoin College 
from 1846 to 1854, and Medical Professor 
since 1854. He was also Postmaster |it 



Hallowell, Maine, and Collector of Cus- 
toms at Bath, and a Senator in Congress, 
from Maine, from January to March, iu 
1857. 

Noyes, John. — He was a graduate 
of Dartmouth College in 1795; was subse- 
quently a tutor in that institution ; and 
was elected a Representative in Congress, 
from Vermont, from 1815 to 1817. He 
died in 1841, aged seventy-eight years. 

Noyes, Joseph C— He was born in 
Portland in 1798; and was a Representa- 
tive in Congress, from Maine, from 1837 
to 1839, serving as a member of the Com- 
mittee on Agriculture. He was a mer- 
chant by occupation ; a member of the 
State Legislature in 1833; and Collector 
of the Passamaquoddy District from 1841 
to 1843 ; and was subsequently Treasurer 
of the Portland Savings Bank. 

NucJcolls, William C— He was born 
in South Carolina; graduated at the Uni- 
versity of that State in 182J; adopted the 
profession of law; and was a Representa- 
tive in Congress, from South Carplina, 
from 1827 to 1833. 

Nugen, Moberf ZT.— He was born in 
Washington County, Pennsylvania, in 
1809 ; with his parents removed to Colum- 
biana County, Ohio, in 1811; settled in 
Tuscarawas County in 1828 ; and in 1860 
was elected a Representative, from Ohio, 
to the Thirty-seventh Congress, serving on 
the Committee on Roads and Canals. De- 
clined a re-election. 

Nunn, David A. — Born in Haywood 
County, Tennessee, July 26, 1832; edu- 
cated at the College of West Tennessee; 
studied and practised law; was elected in 
1863 to the State Senate ; in 1865 to the 
State House of Representatives; and 
elected a Representative from Tennessee 
to the Fortieth Congress, serving on the 
Committees on Res'olutionary Claims, and 
Invalid Pensions. 

Nye, Jam.es W. — He was born iu 
Madison County, New York, June 10, 
1815; adopted the profession of law; iu 
1861 was appointed by President Lincoln 
Governor of Nevada Territory, in which 
position he continued until the adoption 
of the State Constitution, when he was 
chosen a Senator in Congress from the 
new State for the term commencing in 
1865, and ending in 1867, serving on the 
Committees on Naval Affairs, and Terri- 
tories, and as Chairman of that on En- 
rolled Bills. He was also a member of 
the National Committee appointed to ac- 
company the remains of President Lin- 
coln to Illinois, and in January, 1867, he 
was re-elected to the Senate for the term 
ending in 1873, serving as Chairman of 
the Committee on Revolutionary Claims. 



BIOGBAFHIOAL BECOBDS. 



289 



OaMey, TJiomas J'acTcson. — Born 
in Duchess Count}', New York, iu 1783; 
graduated at Yale College in 1801 ; studied 
law, and entered on the practice at Pough- 
keepsie. New York. In 1810 he was ap- 
pointed Surrogate of Duchess County, and 
in 1813 was elected a Representative in 
Congress, where he continued, until 1815, 
when he resu'med his profession, and was 
elected a member of the Assembly. He 
was appointed Attorney-General of the 
State of New York in 1819 ; in 1820 again 
served in the Assembly, and in 1827 he 
was again elected to Congress. In 1828, 
when the Superior Court of New York 
City was organized, he was appointed one 
of its Judges ; and on the reorganization 
of the Court, under the Constitution of 
1846, he was elected the Chief Justice, and 
continued in that position until his death, 
which occurred in New York City, May 
11, 1857. The duties of the various sta- 
tions to which he was called he discharged 
with fidelity and marked ability. 

O'Brien, JTeremiah. — Born at 
Machias, Maine, iu 1768, and died at Bos- 
ton, May 30, 1858. He was a Kepresent- 
ative in Congress, from Maine, from 1823 
to 1831. Early in life, and after the sepa- 
ration of Maine from Massachusetts, he 
was for six years in the Legislature of the 
State. His educational advantages were 
limited, but he was a man of sound sense 
and solid judgment. He was both afarm- 
er and a merchant. 

Odell, 3Ioses F. — Born in Tarry- 
town, Westchester County, New York, 
February 24, 1818 ; received a common- 
school education ; from a Clerk he rose to 
the position of Assistant Collector of New 
York City, under President Polk; under 
President Buchanan he held the post of 
Public Appraiser, and he was elected a 
Representative, from New York, to the 
Thirty - seventh Congress, serving as 
Chairman of the Committee on the Treas- 
ury Department, and member of that on 
Indian Affairs ; re-elected to the Thirty- 
eighth Congress, serving on the Commit- 
tee on Military Affairs. In 1865 he was 
appointed by President Johnson Navy 
Agent for the port of New York, but died 
in that city, June 13, 1866. He was a man 
of rare business habits, and universally 
respected. His disease was cancer iu the 
mouth. 

Ogclen, Aaron. — He was born in 
Elizabethtown, New Jersey, December 3, 
1756 ; graduated at Nassau Hall in 1773 ; 
taught school for a time ; served as an 
officer in the army, during the whole Rev- 
olutionary war; had a horse shot from 
under him at the battle of Springfield, 
New Jersey ; participated in the Sullivan 
campaign against the Indians ; and for his 
services at Yorktown was complimented 
by Washington ; after the war he pursued 
19 > 



the legal profession with distinction ; was 
a Presidential Elector in 1^0; was a Sen- 
ator in Congress, from 1801 to 1803; was 
Governor of New Jersey in 1812; and at 
the time of his death was President-Gen- 
ei'al of the Society of Cincinnati. He 
died at Jersey City, April 19, 1839. Dur- 
ing the war of 1812, President Madison 
offered him a commission as Major-Gen- 
eral iu the Army of the United States, 
which honor he declined, preferring to 
continue, as he had been, Commander-in- 
Chief of the Militia of his own State. 

Ogden, David A. — He was born in 
Morristown, New Jei'sey ; studied law,and 
took up his residence in St. Lawrence 
County, New York, in 1812; was a mem- 
ber of the Assembly in 1814 and 1815; 
and a Representative in Congress from 
New York, from 1817 to 1819. He died at 
Montreal, Canada, June 9, 1829. 

Ogle, Alexander. — Was born in 

Maryland about the year 1765 ; removed 
at an early age to Somerset, Pennsylva- 
nia; in 1808 he was elected to the State 
Legislature, and frequently re-elected; 
and he was a Representative in Congress 
from Pennsylvania, from 1817 to 1819. He 
subsequently served several years in both 
houses of the State Legislature; was a 
General of Militia; and for nine years 
Prothonotary of his county. Died in 
Somerset, Pennsylvania, October 14, 1852, 

Ogle, Andrew J. — Born at Somer- 
set, Pennsylvania, in 1822, and was the 
grandson of Alexander Ogle. He was 
considered a precocious politician, and 
was Prothonotary of his county when 
twenty-one years of age ; and he was a 
Representative in Congress, from Penn- 
sylvania, from 1849 to 1851. President 
Fillmore appointed him Charge d'Afi'aires 
to Denmark, 1852, but he died suddenly 
of apoplexy before accepting the appoint- 
ment. 

Ogle, Charles. — He was the son of 

Alexander Ogle, and was born at Somer- 
set, Pennsylvania, in 1798. He was edu- 
cated for the bar, and was a successful 
lawyer. He was a Representative iu Con- 
gress, from Pennsylvania, from 1837 to 
1841, distinguishing himself by a speech 
against the appropriation for furnishing the 
Executive Mansion. He was also a Gen- 
eral of Militia. Died May 10, 1841, having 
been elected to the succeeding Congress. 

Olcott, Simeon.— He was born in 
1737 ; graduated at Yale College in 1761 ; 
studied law, and settled in the practice at 
Charlestown, New Hampshire; he was 
appointed, in 1784, Chief Justice of the 
Court of Common Pleas; in 1790 a Judge 
of the Superior Court ; Chief Judge of 
the same Court in 1795; and was a Sena- 
tor in Congress, from New Hampshire, 



290 



BIOGBAFHIGAL BEC0BD8. 



from 1801 to 1805. 
Hampshire in 1815. 



He died in New 



Olds, JEdson B. — He was born in 
Vermont, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from Ohio, from 184:9 to 1855. 
In 1862 he was for a short time impris- 
oned in Fort Lafayette for supposed dis- 
loyalty, and while there confined, he was 
elected a member of the Assembly of Ohio, 
having previously served six years in the 
State Legislature, and been Speaker of 
the Senate. 

OUn, Abrahmn B.— He was born 
in Shafcsbnry, Bennington County, Ver- 
mont, in 1812; graduated at Williams Col- 
lege, Massachusetts, in 1835 ; commenced 
the practice of law at Troy, New York, in 
1838 ; was for three years Recorder of the 
City of Troy ; and was elected a Repre- 
sentative to the Thirty-fifth Congress, 
from New York, serving as a member of 
the Committee on Expenditures on the 
Public Buildings. He was also re-elected 
to the Thirty-sixth Congress, serving as a 
member of the Committee on Military Af- 
fairs. Re-elected to the Thirty-seventh 
Congress also. In 1863 he was appointed, 
by President Lincoln, a Judge of the Su- 
preme Court of the District of Columbia; 
and in 18G5 the degree of LL.D. was con- 
ferred upon him by Union College. His 
father, Gideon Olin, was in Congress, 
from Vermont, during the administration 
of President Jefi"erson. 

Olin, Gideon. — He was born in 
Rhode Island, and, removing to Vermont, 
became one of its founders. He was a 
member of the State Legislature, and 
Speaker of the House, a Judge of the 
County Court, and a Representative in 
Congress from 1803 to 1807. He died at 
Shaffcsbury, Vermont, in 1822. 

Olin, JSenry. — His boyhood was 
spent in Addison County, Vermont; he 
was elected to the General Assembly of that 
State in 1799, and, excepting four years, 
continued to serve in that capacity until 
1825 ; he was also a member of the " State 
Constitutional Convention " of 1814, 1822, 
and 1828 ; was an Associate Judge of the 
Addison County Court from 1801 to 1806 ; 
Chief Judge of said Court in 1807, and 
from 1810 to 1824; and he was chosen a 
Representative in Congress, to fill a va- 
cancy caused by the death of Charles Rich, 
in 1824, and served through the term, 
ending in 1825. He died at Salisbury, 
Vermont, in 1837, aged seventy years. 

Oliver, Andrew.— 'Born at Spring- 
field, Otsego County, New York. Soon 
after his birth, in 1819, his parents re- 
moved to Penn Yan, in Yates County. He 
received a classical education, and gradu- 
ated at Union College in 1835 ; he studied 
law and was admitted to the bar in 183S,aud 



entered upon a successful practice. He 
was appointed to succeed his father as 
First Judge of the Court of Common 
Pleas in 1843, which position he held until 
the adoption of the new State Constitu- 
tion. In 1846 he was elected Judge of the 
Surrogate and County Courts. In 1852 he 
was elected a Representative in the Thirty- 
third Congress, and was re-elected to the 
Thirty-fourth. Since that time he has been 
devoted to the practice of his profession. 

Oliver, 3Iordecai.—Bovn. in Ander- 
son County, Kentucky, October 22, 1819, 
and emigrated to Missouri in 1832. He 
received as good an education as that 
country afi"orded, and entered upon the 
study of law at the age of nineteen, and 
was admitted to the bar in 1842. He was 
elected Circuit Attorney for the Fifth 
Judicial Circuit of Missouri in 1848; and 
in 1852 was elected a member of the Thir- 
ty-third Congress, and re-elected to the 
Thirty- fourth. Upon retiring from Con- 
gress, he resumed the duties of his pro- 
fession in Richmond, Missouri. 

Oliver, William M.—He was a na- 
tive of Springfield, Otsego County, New 
York; was a lawj'er by profession, and 
for a long time the First Judge of the 
Court of Common Pleas. He was a State 
Senator and Lieutenant-Governor in 1830, 
and a Representative from New York in 
the Twenty-seventh Congress. 

O'Neill, Charles.— Uoru in Phila- 
delphia, March 21, 1821 ; graduated at 
Dickinson College in 1840; studied law, 
and came to the bar in 1843 ; in 1850, 1851, 
and 1852 he was elected to the State Leg- 
islature, and in 1853 to the State Senate; 
re-elected to the Legislature in 1859 ; and 
in 1862 elected a Representative, from 
Pennsylvania, to the Thirty-eighth Con- 
gress, serving on the Committee on Com- 
merce. Re-elected to the Thirty-ninth 
Congress, serving on the same committee. 
Re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, serv- 
ing again on the same committee and 
that on Expenditures in the Post Office 
Department. 

O'Neill, tToTin.-Was born in Phila- 
delphia, December 17, 1821. In 1827 his 
father settled in Frederick City,Maryland, 
and at St. John's College, in that place, 
he received his education; studied law, 
and came to the bar of Maryland in 1842 ; 
in 1844 he removed to Ohio, and there 
practised his profession in the Supreme 
Court ; in 1855 he was elected a Prosecut- 
ing Attorney for Muskingum County ; and 
in 18G2 he was elected a Representative 
from Ohio to the Thirty-eighth Congress, 
serving on the Committee on Private 
Land Claims. 

Ormsby, Stephen.— He was a Judge 
of the Circuit Court of Kentucky ; a Rep- 



BIOOBAPniCAL BECOBDS. 



291 



resentative in Coiigness from 1811 to 1817; 
lived to an advanced age, and died in Ken- 
tucky. He was defeated in 1813, but liis 
successful competitor, John Simpson, hav- 
ing been killed at the battle of lliver Rai- 
sin, he was re-elected before the opening 
of Congress. 

Orr, Alexander X).— He was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from Kentucky, 
from 1792 to 1797, and died at Paris, in 
that State, June 21, 1835, aged seventy 
years. 

Orr, Benjainin. — A native of Bed- 
ford, New Hampshire ; graduated at Dart- 
mouth College in 1798, and settled as 
a lawyer in Brunswick, Maine, attaining 
a high rank in his profession. He was 
a Representative in Congress, from 
; Massachusetts, from 1817 to 1819, and 
died in Brunswick in 1828, aged fifty 
years. 

Orr, James JL. — He was bom at Cray- 
tonville, South Carolina, May 12, 1822; 
received his education chiefly in the Uni- 
versity of Virginia; studied law, and was 
admitted to the bar in 1813. In 1844 he 
was elected to the State Legislature; re- 
' elected in 1845 ; and in 1848 he was elected 
a Representative in Congress from South 
Carolina, to which position he was subse- 
quently re-elected. During the Thirty- 
second Congress he was frequently Chair- 
man of the Committee of the Whole on the 
State of the Union, and during the next 
i Congress was Chairman of the Committee 
; on Indian Affairs ; and on the assembling 
I of the Thirty-fifth Congress, lie was elected 
Speaker. In December, 18G0, he was ap- 
' pointed one of the Commissioners to visit 
' Washington in behalf of South Carolina. 
I In 1865 he was elected Governor of South 
I Carolina. 

I Orr, Robert. — He was born in West- 
j moreland County, Pennsylvania, and was 
!i a Representative in Congress, from Penn- 
|i sylvania, from 1825 to 1829. 

Orthf Godlove Sf.— Born near Leba- 

i, non, Pennsylvania, April 22, 1817; wasedu- 
, Gated chiefly at the Pennsylvania College, 
i Gettysburg; studied law, and came to the 
I bar in 1839, locating in Indiana. In 1843 
and 1846 he was elected to the State Sen- 
f ate, serving six years in all, and one year 
as l?resident of that body ; was a Presiden- 
I tial Elector in 1848 ; was a member of the 
; " Peace Congress " of 1861 ; and in 1862 he 
■ was elected a Representative from Indiana 
to the Thirty-eighth Congress, serving on 
,' the Committee on Foreign Affairs. In 
i 1862, when a call was made for men to de- 
fend Indiana from threatened incursions, 
he organized a company in two hours, was 
' elected Captain and placed in command of 
the United States Ram " Horner," cruising 
the Ohio River, and doing much to restore 



quiet along the borders of Kentucky, Indi- 
ana, and Illinois. Also re-elected to the 
Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the 
Committees on the Death of President 
Lincoln, Freedmen, and Foreign Aflairs. 
Re-elected to the Fortieth Congres-^, serv- 
ing as Chairman of Committee on Private 
Laud Claims. 

Osborne, Thomas B.—lle was bora 
in Connecticut, and was a Representative 
in Congress, from that State, from 163d 
to 1843. 

Osgood, Gayton jP.— He graduated 
at Harvard University in 1815; served in 
the Massachusetts Legislature in 1823 and 
1831 ; and was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from Massachusetts, from 1832 to 
1835. Died June 26, 1861, aged sixty-four 
years. 

Osgood, Sam^uel. — He was a native 
of Massachusetts ; graduated at Harvard 
College in 1770; was a member of the 
Board of War during the early years of 
the Revolution. In 1775 and 1776 he was 
an .Aid to General Ward. From 1780 to 
1784 was a Delegate to the Continental 
Congress, and in 1785 was appointed by 
that body first Commissioner of the Treas- 
sury. In 1789 he was appointed, by 
Washington, Postmaster-General, and re- 
tained the oflice two years. He held other 
public offices ; published a work on " Chro- 
nology ; " " Remarks onDaniel and Revela- 
tion ; " " Letters on Episcopacy," and other 
subjects. Died at New York, August 12, 
1813, aged sixty-five years. 

Otero, Miguel A. — He was born at 
Valencia, New Mexico, June 21, 1829; 
was educated at the St. Louis University, 
in Missouri; studied law, and was admit- 
ted to practice in Missouri in 1852 ; return- 
ing to New Mexico, he was elected to the 
Territorial Legislature; was appointed, 
by President Pierce, United States Dis- 
trict Attorney for the Territory, but de- 
clined to serve ; held the office for a time 
of Attorney-General for the Territory; 
and in 1855 he was elected a Delegate to 
Congress from New Mexico. 

Otis, Marrison Gray. — He was 

born in Boston, Massachusetts, October 
8, 1765, and died at Boston, October 28, 
1848. His father, Samuel A. Otis, was 
the first Secretary of the Senate of the 
United States, Avhich office he held for 
twenty-five years. Harrison Gray grad- 
uated at Harvard University in 1783, and 
soon became a successful practitioner at 
the bar. He was for many years an ac- 
tive and leading member of the State 
Legislature, serving as Speaker and Pres- 
ident of the Senate. He was chosen a 
Representative in Congress, for the Suf- 
folk District, in 1797, and served through 
President Adams's administration ; and in 



292 



BIOGBAPniCAL BEG0BD8. 



1817 be was chosen a Senator in Congress, 
where he remained for five years. He 
was also Judge of the Court of Common 
Pleas, and Mayor of Boston, for whose 
prosperity he accomplished much good; 
displaying, in all his public stations, great 
ability, and the utmost fidelity to the pub- 
lic interests. He was also appointed, by 
President Adams, United States District 
Attorney for Massachusetts, and was a 
Delegate to the " Hartford Convention " in 
1814. He was distinguished for his schol- 
arly acquirements, and for his eloquence 
as an orator. 

Otis, John.— lie was born in Maine, 
in 1801 ; graduated at Bowdoin College in 
1823; adopted the profession of law; 
served five years in the Maine Legislature ; 
was a Commissioner for settling the 
JSTorth-eastern boundary; and was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from Maine. 
from 1849 to 1851 ; and died October 17, 
1856. 

Otis, Samuel Allyne.—Ke W9,s born 
in Boston, Massachusetts; graduated at 
Harvard College in 1759. In 1776 he was 
a Representative in the Assembly, and 
subsequently a member of the Conven- 
tion Avhich framed the Constitution of 
Massachusetts. From 1787 to 1788 he 
was a Delegate to the Continental Con- 
gress, and upon the adoption of the 
Constitution was appointed Secretary of 
the Senate, holding that office for more 
than thirty years. He died at Washing- 
ton, April 22, 1814, aged seventy-three 
years. 

Outlaw, David. — Born in Bertie 
County, North Carolina, and graduated at 
the University of that State in 1824. He 
read law at Newbern, and was admitted 
to the bar in 1827. He served three years 
in the House of Commons; was elected 
Solicitor of Edenton District in 1836; and 
was a Representative in Congress, from 
1847 to 1853. 

Outlaw, George C— He was born 
in Bertie County, North Carolina ; was a 
member of the House of Commons in 1796 ; 
in the State Senate a number of years 
thereafter ; and a Representative in Con- 
gress during the years 1824 and 1825. 
Died August 15, 1835. 

Overstreet, James. — He was a na- 
tive of Barnwell District, South Carolina; 
and a Representative in Congress, from 
that State, from 1819 to 1822. Died in 

1822. 

Overton, Walter M. — He was a 

Eepresentative in Congress, from Louisi- 
ana, from 1829 to 1831. 

OweUf Allen F. — He was born in 
North Catolinaj and having removed to 



Georgia, was elected a Representative 
in Congress, from 1849 to 1851. He was 
subsequently appointed Consul at Havana. 

Owen, George TF.— Born in Bruns- 
wick (/Ounty, Virginia, in 1798; was 
Speaker of the House of Representatives 
in Alabama; Mayor of Mobile; and a 
Representative in Congress, from that 
State, from 1823 to 1829, when he was ap- 
pointed Collector of the port of Mobile. 
He died August 18, 1839, at Mobile, Ala- 
bama. 

Owen, tfames, — Born in Bladen 
County, North Carolina, in December, 
1784. He was well educated, and 
adopted the occupation of a planter. He 
was a General of Militia; four years a 
member of the Legislature; and a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from North Caro- 
lina, from 1817 to 1819. 

Owen, Robert Dale,— Re was born 
in Glasgow, Scotland, November 7, 1801. 
His grandfather, David Dale, was an emi- 
nent cotton manufacturer on the Clyde; 
and his father, Robert Owen, was the cele- 
brated philanthropist. He was educated 
by a private tutor until the age of sixteen, 
when he entered the private college of 
Hofvvyl, near Berne, in Switzerland, re- 
maining there three years. In 1826, his 
father having purchased the estate of New 
Harmony, in Indiana, he emigrated to 
this country. In 1835 he was chosen to the 
Indiana Legislature, and twice re-elected. 
In 1843 he was elected a Representative in 
Congress from Indiana, and re-elected in 
1845. He introduced the bill organizing 
the Smithsonian Institution, and was one 
of its first Regents ; and he also submitted 
the resolution which brought about a set- 
tlement of the Oregon Boundary. In 
1849 he was elected to the " Constitutional i 
Convention " of Indiana, and made its 
Chairman; and in 1853 he was appointed, I 
by President Pierce, Minister to Naples, < 
remaining there five years. In 1860 he 
published "Footfalls on the Boundary of ! 
Another World," and in 1864 " The Wrong : 
of Slavery and the Right of Emancipation." 
After a succession of efforts, extending : 
through fifteen years, he procured the 
passage in Indiana of laws securing to 
women independent rights of property; 
and during the Rebellion he served on 
two important Government Commissions. 

Owens, George W. — A prominent i 
memberof theGeorgiabar,and aRepresent- 
ative in Congress, from that State, from 
1835 to 1839. Died at Savannah in 1856. 

Owsley, Bryan Y. — He was born in 
Kentucky"; and was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1841 to 
1843. 

Paca, William,— Bora, at Wye Hall, 



BIOaitAPHICAL BECOBDS. 



293 



Marjlfind, October 31, 1740; received a 
liberal education, and adopted tlie profes- 
sion of law; was a member of the Mary- 
laud Legislature; a Delegate from tliat 
State to tlie Continental Congress from 
1774 to 1779; Avas a signer of the Decla- 
ration of Independence. On tlie com- 
mencement of hostilities he contributed 
of his private wealth to the public cause ; 
served upon various important local com- 

;mittees; after leaving Congress he was 
appointed Chief Judge of the Superior 
Court of Maryland, and in J 780 he was 

; appointed Chief Judge in Admiralty cases ; 
in 1782 he was elected Governor of Mary- 
land, and re-elected in 1786; in 1789 he 
was appointed District Judge for the 

' District of Maryland, which office he held 

[ until his death, which occurred in 1799. 

JPaclcer, Asa. — He was born in Con- 
necticut; and was a Representative in 
, Congress, from Pennsylvania, from 1853 
to 1857. 



Page, J'ohn. — He was one of the first 

Representatives in Congress, from Vir- 

; giuia, under the present Constitution, 

serving from 1789 to 1797, and was one of 

1 those who voted for locating the Seat of 

' Government on the Potomac. In ISOO he 

, was chosen one of the Electors for Presi- 

. dent, and from 1802 to 1805 was Governor 

of Virginia. He published addresses to 

\ the people in 1790 and 1799, He died at 

' Richmond, Virginia, October 11, 1804, 

j aged sixty-four years. 

! Page, J'ohn.—B.e was born in Haver- 
j hill. New Hampshire, May 21, 1787; re- 
i ceived an academical education, but was 
chiefly devoted to agricultural pursuits. 
' In isi.j he was appointed an Assessor of 
' Taxes; was a Register of Deeds from 1828 
t(f 1834 for Grafton County; served in the 
i New Hampshire Legislature in 1818, 1819, 
' 1820. and 1835; in 1836 he was chosen a 
i member of the Executive Council, and 
i again in 1838 ; and it was during the in- 
tervening year 1837 that he served as a 
Senator in Congress for the unexpired term 
! of Isaac Hill, resigned; and he was Gov- 
ernor of New Hampshire from 1839 to 
! 1842. He was a member of the Masonic 
I fraternity, and a leading member of the 
' Methodist Church. Died at Concord, Sep- 
I tember 8, 1865. 

r 

' Page, Mann. —He was a Delegate, 
[ from Virginia, to the Continental Con- 
^ gress, in 1777. 

I 

Page, Robert. — He was a Represent- 
I ative in Congress, from Virginia,, from 
: 1799 to 1801. 

Page, Shertnan. —He was born in 
Connecticut; served in the Assembly of 
New York, from Otsego County, in 1827; 
and was a Representative in Congress, 



from that State, from 1833 to 1837. He was 
also Judge of the Common Pleas in Otsego 
County, and died in Unadilld. 

Paine, Elijah. — Born in Brooklyn, 
Connecticut, January 21, 1757, and gradu- 
ated at Harvard College in 1781. He was 
the first President of the Phi Beta Kappa 
Society of Harvard, and pronounced tlie 
first oration before the same. He was a 
lawyer by profession ; and, having settled 
in Vermont, was one of the most useful 
pioneers of the new State, following the 
practice of his profession, and the employ- 
ments of farmer, road-maker, and cloth- 
manufacturer. In 1786 he was a member 
of the Convention called to revise the State 
Constitution, and of which he was Secre- 
tary. In 1787 he was elected to the State 
Legislature, and so continued until 1791, 
when he was appointed Judge of the Su- 
preme Court. He was one of the Commis- 
sioners to settle the controversy between 
Vermont and New York in 1789; was a 
Trustee of Dartmouth College ; President 
of the Vermont Colonization Society; a 
pecuniary benefactor to the University of 
Vermont; received from Harvard College 
the degree of LL.D., and was elected a 
Fellow of the American Academy of Arts 
and Sciences, and an ordinary member of 
several other literary institutions. He 
was a Senator in Congress, from Vermont, 
from 1795 to 1801. In 1801 he was ap- 
pointed, by President Adams, Judge of 
the District Court of Vermont, which office 
he held till within a month of his death, 
when he resigned. He died at Williams- 
town, Vermont, April 21, 1842. 

Paine, Ephraim.—Ke was a Dele- 
gate from New York to the Continental 
Congress in 1784 and 1785, 

Paine, Salbert E. — He was born in 
Chardon, Geauga County, Ohio, February 
4, 1826 ; graduated at the Western Reserve 
College in 1845 ; studied law and came to 
the bar in 1848, settling in Cleveland ; re- 
moved to Milwaukee, Wisconsin, in 1857; 
entered the army in 1801 as Colonel of the 
Fourth Wisconsin Regiment; was pro- 
moted to the rank of Brigadier-General in 
March, 1803 ; and lost a leg in the follow- 
ing June, while in command of the Third 
Division of the Nineteenth Corps, at the 
last assault on Port Hudson. In March, 
1865, he was brevetted a Major-General, 
but resigned his commission in May, 1805 ; 
and was elected a Representative from 
Wisconsin, to the Thirty-ninth Congress, 
serving on the Committee on Elections, 
the Select Committee on the Freedinen, 
and that on the Militia, He was a Dele- 
gate to the Philadelphia " Loyalists' Con- 
vention" of 1866 ; and was re-elected to 
the Fortieth Congress, serving on the 
Committee on Reconstruction, and Sol- 
diers' and Sailors' Bounties, and as Chair- 
man of the Committee on the Militia, 



294 



BIOGBAPHICAL BEC0BD8. 



Paine, Robert Treat.— Tie was born 
inBoston, Mussachusetts, in 1731 ; gradu- 
ated at Harvard College in 1749 ; studied 
theology, and was a Chaplain in the army 
in 1758; and, after trying various other 
pursuits, he settled in Taunton as a law- 
yer. He was a Delegate to the Continental 
Congress, from 1774 to 1778, and was a 
signer of the Declaration of Independence. 
He was for a while Attorney-General of 
Massachusetts, and subsequently a Judge 
of the Supreme Court of that State. In 
1804 he resigned the office of Judge, and 
was appointed one of tlie State Council- 
lors ; and in about one year retired to pri- 
vate life. Died May 11, 1814. His son, 
bearing the same name, was distinguished 
as a poet. 

Paine, Robert T.— He was born in 
North Carolina ; and was a Representative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1855 to 
1857. 

Palen, Rufus. — He was born in New 
York; and was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from that State, from 1839 to 1841. 

Palfrey, John 6?.— Born in Boston, 
May 2, 1795. He was prepared for college 
at Exeter Academy, and graduated at 
Harvard in 1815; he studied theology, 
and was ordained a Unitarian preacher in 
1818 ; he was subsequently, for a number 
of years, editor of the "North American 
Review;" was Professor of Sacred 
Literature in Harvard College from 1830 
to 1839 and from which he received the 
degrees of D.D. and LL.D; delivered a 
course of lectures before the Lowell Insti- 
tute ; during the years 1842 and 1843 he was 
a member of the General Court; was 
elected Secretary of the Commonwealth of 
Massachusetts ; and he was a member of 
Congress, from 1847 and 1849. His pub- 
lished writings are numerous, chiefly of a 
theological and political character. His 
last work was a History of New England. 
In 18C1 he was appointed Postmaster of 
Boston. 

Palmer, Beriah. — Born in New 
York ; served four years in the Assembly 
of New York, from Saratoga County; and 
was a Representative in Congress from 
1803 to 1805. 

Palmer, George W. — BorninHoos- 
ick, Rensselaer County, New York, Janu- 
ary 13, 1818 ; received a common-school 
education ; adopted the profession of law ; 
was Surrogate of Clinton County from 
1843 to 1847 ; and a Representative in the 
Thirty-fifth Congress, from New York, 
serving as a member of the Committee on 
Expenditures in the Post Ofiice Depart- 
ment. He was re-elected to the Thirty- 
sixth Congress, serving as a membeV of 
the Committee on Public Expenditures. 



He was also a Delegate to the " Baltimore 
Convention " of 1864. In 1866 he was 
appointed a Judge of the mixed court at 
Sierra Leone under the Treaty with Great 
Britain for the more effectual suppression 
of the slave trade. 

Palmer, tTohn.—Re was born in 

Hoosick, Rensselaer County, New York, 
in 1785; received a good education, and 
studied law; and, having settled inPlatts- 
burg, Clinton County, in 1810, formed a 
law partnership with Chancellor Wal- 
worth, which continued until 1820. He 
was elected a Representative to Congress 
in 1817, but before the expiration of his 
terra he was chosen District Attorney for 
Clinton County, in which capacity he 
served until 1831, and during that year he 
was made the first Judge of said county, 
and held the office until 1836. He was 
again elected to Congress in 1837, and 
served one term. He died of consumption, 
at St. Bartholomew, West Indies, Decem- 
ber 8, 1840. 

Palmer, William A.—E.B was a 
Senator in Congress, from Vermont, from 
1818 to 1825. He was also a member of the 
Vermont Legislature for six years ; Judge 
of the Supreme Court in 1816 ; Governor of 
Vermont from 1831 to 1835 ; member of the 
" Constitutional Conventions" of 1828 and 
1836; Judge of Probate and of the County 
Court; two years a State Senator; andfor 
eight years Clerk of the Courts. Died 
at Danville, Vermont, at an advanced age, 
in December, 1860. 

Parhe, Benjatnin.—Ue was a native 
of N(^vv Jersey, and was born in 1777. He 
was one of the early pioneers to the West- 
ern Territory, and settled in that portion 
which now forms the State of Indiana in 
1800. From 1805 to 1808 he was a Delfe- 
gate in Congress from that Territory, and 
was soon after appointed by President 
Jefferson Judge of the District Court,, 
which office he held until his death, wliich 
occurred in Salem, Indiana, July 12, 1835. 
He was at one time President of the State 
Historical Society. 

ParJcer, Amasa t7.— Born in 1807, 
at Sharon, Connecticut, and graduated at 
Union College, New York. He was ad- 
mitted to the bar in Delhi, New York, in 
October, 1828. In 1833 he was elected a 
Representative in the State Legislature, 
and in 1835 was chosen a Regeut of the 
University. From 1837 to 1839 he was a 
Representative in Congress, and in 1844 
he was appointed a Circuit Judge and 
Vice-Chancellor of the Court of Equity. 
Soon after the adoption of a New State 
Constitution, he became a Judge of the 
Supreme Court of New York. In 1859 he 
was appointed United States Attorney for 
the District of New York. He was also 



BIOGBAPHICAL BECOBDS. 



295 



a Delegate to the " Chicago Conveutiou " 
of 1864 ; aud to the *' State Constitutional 
Conveutiou " of 1867. 

Parker, Andrew, — He was bovn in 
Penusylvauia, and was a Representative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1851 
to 1853. 

ParUer, Isaac, — Born in Boston, 
Massachusetts, June 17, 1768, and gradu- 
ated at Harvard College in 1786. He com- 
meuced the practice of law at Castiue, in 
the District of Maine, and was elected to 
Congress, serving as Representative from 
1797 to 1799. He was appointed, by Pres- 
ident Adams, Marshal for the District of 
Maine, which office he held till 1801. He 
afterwards I'emoved to Portland, and in 
1806 was chosen a Judge of the Supreme 
Court, and in 1814 Chief Justice, which 
position he occupied for sixteen years. 
lu 1820 he was President of the " Massa- 
chusetts Convention" for the revision of 
the Constitution, aud for several years he 
was Professor of Law in Harvard Univer- 
sity. Ho was a distinguished scholar and 
friend of literature, and for eleven years 
was a Trustee of Bowdoiu College, and 
for twenty years an Overseer of Harvard. 
He died inlBoston, May 26, 1830. 

Parlcer, James, — He was born in the 
Township of Bethlehem, Hunterdon Coun- 
ty, New Jersey, March 1, 1776. He was a 
student iu Columbia College, New York, 
aud graduated in 1793; he entered the 
counting-house of a merchant in New 
York, and remained there until 1797, when 
he settled in Perth Amboy, where he has 
since resided; lie was for a few years 
engaged in trade ; was a member of the 
New Jersey Legislature in 180S, 1807, 
1808, 1809, 1810, 1812, 1813, 1815, 1816, 
1818, and 1827,— in all eleven years; was 
a Jackson Elector in 1824; Collector of 
the Customs at Perth Amboy from 1829 
to 1833; and was a Representative in 
Congress from 1833 to 1837. He also 
served as one of the Commissioners, on 
the part of New Jei'sey, to settle the 
boundary and jurisdiction between New 
York aud New Jersey, at the different 
periods of 1807, 1827, and 1833, obtaining 
an agreement during the year last named ; 
and he was a member of the " Constitu- 
tional Convention " of the State in 1844. 
Mr. Parker is still living, in the enjoy- 
ment of a pleasant home and troops of 
friends. 

Parher, Jaines. — A native of Bos- 
ton, Massachusetts ; was a physician by 
profession ; and was a Representative 
in Congress, from Massachusetts, from 
1813 to 1815, and from 1819 to 1821. He 
was for fifty years a resident of Gardiner, 
Maine, where he died November 9, 1837, 
aged sixty-nine years. 



Parker, J'ohn.—lle was a Delegate 
from South Carolina, to the Contiueutal 
Congress, from 1786 to 1788. 

Parker, John ilTason-.— Born in 

GianviUe, Washington County, New 
York, June 14, 1805 ; graduated at Mid- 
dlebury College, Vermont, in 1828; was a 
lawyer by profession ; aud a Represent- 
ative in the Thirty-fifth Congress from 
New York, serving on the Committees op 
Public Expenditures and Revolutionary 
Pensions. 

Parker, tfosiaJi. — He was a Repre- 
sentative in Cougress, from Virginia, from 
1789 to 1801 ; and was one of those who 
voted for locating the Seat of Government 
on the Potomac. 

Parker, Nahum,—RQ was a Sena- 
tor iu Congress, from New Hampshire, 
from 1807 to 1810, having also held the 
positions of State Councillor from 1805 to 
1807, President of the State Senate in 
1828, and Judge of the Court of Common 
Pleas for Hillsborough County from 1822 
to 1825. Died in 1839, aged eighty years. 

Parker, Richard.— IIq was born in 
Virginia, aud was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1849 to 
1851. 

Parker, Richard J5.— Born in 1777 ; 
in early life was a member of the Vir- 
ginia House of Delegates ; for many years 
a Judge of the General and Circuit Courts 
of Virginia; also a Judge of the Supreme 
Court of Appeals; and for a brief period, 
from 1836 to 1837, a Senator in Congress. 
He diediu Virginia, in November, 1840. 

Parker, Samuel TF.— He Avas born 
in Jefferson County, New York, Septem- 
ber 9, 1805; graduated at the Miami 
University, iu Ohio, in 1823; settled in 
Indiana; and, while studying law, taught 
school and edited a newspaper; he was 
admitted to the bar in 1831 ; was elected 
to the Legislature in 1836, where he served 
five years ; and Avas two j'ears Attorney 
for the State. He was a Representative 
in Congress, from Indiana, from 1851 to 
1855 ; he was, in 1846, President of the 
White Water Canal Company, the Char- 
ter for which he had passed by the Legis- 
lature; ill 1844 he was a Clay Elector, 
and iu 1856 an Elector for Fremont; and 
at the present time is President of the 
Junction Railway Company of Indiana, 
where he resides, chiefly engaged iu agri- 
cultural pursuits. 

Parker, Severn E.—Rq was born in 
Northampton County, Virginia, and was 
a prominent member of the Virginia Leg- 
islature, an eminent lawyer, and a Repre- 
sentative in Cougress from 1819 to 1821. 



296 



BIOGBAPHICAL BECOBDS. 



He died October 21, 183G, in Northampton 
County, Virginia. 

Parks, Gorhain. — He was born in 
the western part of Massachusetts in 1793 ; 
graduated at Harvard College in 1813; 
adopted the profession of law, and com- 
menced practice at Bangor; and was a 
Kepresentative in Congress, from Maine, 
from 1833 to 1837. From 1838 to 1841 he 
was United States Marshal for the Dis- 
trict of Maine; from 1843 to 1845 United 
States Attorney; and from 1845 to 1849 
United States Consul at Kio Janeiro. 

Parmenter, William^. — He was 
born in Massachusetts, and was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from that State, 
from 1837 to 1845. He was also a State 
Senator in 1836 ; and Naval Officer at Bos- 
ton from 1845 to 1849. Died in Cam- 
bridge, Massachusetts, February 27, 1866. 

Parris, Albion JST.— He was born 
in Hebron, Oxford County, Maine, Janu- 
ary 19, 1788 ; graduated at Dartmouth 
College in 180G; studied law, and was 
admitted to the bar in 1809; in 1811 he 
was appointed Attorney for Oxford Coun- 
ty; in 1813 was elected to the General 
Court; in 1814 was chosen a State Sen- 
ator; was elected a Representative in 
Congress in 1815, and again in 1817; in 
1816 he was a member of the " State Con- 
stitutional Convention ; " was appointed 
Judge of the Federal District Court in 
1818, when he resigned. In 1819 he was 
a member of the " State Convention" for 
framing a Constitution ; and iu 1820 was 
appointed Judge of Probate for Cumber- 
land County. He was five times elected 
Governor of Maine, from 1822 to 1827 ; 
was a Senator in Congress in 1827 and 
1828; was appointed Judge of the Su- 
preme Court of the State in 1828, holding 
the office until 1836, when he became 
Second Comptroller in the Federal Treas- 
ury Department. He left this office in 
1850, and returned to Portland, of which 
city, in 1852, he was elected Mayor. He 
died iu Portland, February 11, 1857. 

ParriSf Virgil D, — Born in Maine, 
adopted the profession of law ; was as- 
sistant Secretary of the State Senate in 
1831 ; was a member of the Maine Legis- 
lature from 1833 to 1839 ; a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from Maine, from 1838 
to 1841 ; a State Senator in 1842 and 1843 ; 
United States Marshal for Maine from 
1844 to 1848; United States Special Mail 
Agent from 1853 to 1856 ; and subsequent- 
ly held the office of Naval Storekeeper at 
Kittery, Maine. When in tlie State Sen- 
ate he was President pro tern., and for a 
short time acting Governor of the State. 

Parrish, Isaac— He was born in 
Ohio, and was a Representative in Con- 



gress, from that State, from 1839 to 1841, 
and again from 1845 to 1847. 

Parrottf John JP.— He was a mem- 
ber, in 1811, of the New Hampshire Leg- 
islature ; a Representative in Congress, 
from New Hampshire, from 1817 to 1819; 
and a Senator of the United States from 
1819 to 1825 ; and in 1826 was appointed 
Postmaster at Portsmouth, New Hamp- 
shire. He died in Greenland, New Hamp- 
shire, July 9, 1836, aged sixty-eight j'ears. 

Parrott, Marcus tJ.— Born at Ham- 
burg, South Carolina, October 27, 1828; 
graduated at Dickinson College, Pennsyl- 
vania, in 1849 ; is a lawyer by profession, 
having studied at Cambridge; was a mem- 
ber of the Ohio Legislature in 1853 and 
1854 ; and was elected a Delegate to the 
Thirty-fifth Congress from Kansas Terri- 
tory. Elected also to the Thirty-sixth 
Congress. 

Partridge, George.— Re graduated 
at Harvard College in 1762 ; was a Delegate 
to the Continental Congress, from Massa- 
chusetts, from 1776 to 1778, and in 1784; 
and a Representative in Congress, after the 
adoption of the Constitution, from 1789 to 
1791. He died at Duxbury, Massachu- 
setts, July 7, 1828, aged eighty-eight 
years. 

Partridge, Samuel. — He was bora 

in New York; and was a Representative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1841 to 
1843. 

Paterson, William. — Born at sea, 
of Irish parents, iu 1745. He graduated 
at Princeton ia 1763 ; studied law and ad- 
mitted to the bar in 1769 ; was a member 
of the Convention which formed the first 
Constitution of New Jersey in 1776; from 
that time until the year 1786 he was At- 
torney-General of the State; and was one 
of the first Senators in Congress, from 
1789 to 1790, when he resigned, having 
previously been a member of the Conven- 
tion which formed the Federal Constitu- 
tion, which instrument he signed. He 
was Governor of New Jersey from 1791 to 
1794, when he was appointed, by the Pres- 
ident, a Judge of the Supreme Court of 
the United States, which he held until his 
death iu 1806. In 1798 and 179.) he re- 
vised, by authority of the- Legislature, the 
laws of New Jersey, a work highly es- 
teemed and thefoundationof the jurispru- 
dence of the State. He received the 
degree ofLL.D. from Harvard and Dart- 
mouth. 

Patterson, David T.— He was bora 

in Greene County, Tennessee, February 28, 
1819; received an academical education; 
was engaged f.^r a time as a paper- maker 
and also as a miller; studied law and 



BIOGRAPHICAL BECOBBS. 



297 



came to the bar in 1841 ; was elected a 
Judge of the Circuit Court in 1854, and 
re-elected in 1862; and in 1865 he was 
elected a Senator in Congress, from Ten- 
nesseo, for the term ending in 1869, having 
talvcu his seat on the last day of the first 
session of the Thirty-nintli Congress, and 
serving, dining the subsequent session, 
on the Comniiitees on Commerce, Revo- 
lutionary Claims, and the District of Co- 
lumbia. He is tlie son-in-law of Tresi- 
dent Andrew Johnson. 

Patterson, James (F.— He was born 
in Henniker, Merrimack County, New 
Hampshire, July 2, 1823; was educated at 
Darftmonth College, graduating in 1848. 
From 1854 to 1859 he was a Professor of 
Matheriiatics in Dartmouth College, after 
which he was transferred to the chair of 
Professor of Astronomy and Meteorology, 
in the same college, which he still holds. 
From 1858 to ISGl he was a School Com- 
missioner from Grafton County, and at 
the same time was Secretary of the Board 
of Education for the State. In 1862 he 
served in the State Legislature, and was 
elected a Repi*esentative, from New Hamp- 
shire, to the Thirty-eighth Congress, serv- 
ing on the Committees on Expenditures in 
the Treasury Department, and for the 
District of Columbia. In 1864 he was ap- 
pointed a Regent of the Smithsonian In- 
stitution, and was reappointed in 1865. 
Re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, 
serving on the Committees on Foreign 
Affairs, and the Special Committee on the 
Death of President Lincoln, and also on 
those on a Bureau of Education, and Free 
Schools in the District of Columbia. In 
June, 1866, he was elected a Senator in 
Congress for the terra commencing in 1867 
and ending in 1873, serving on the Com- 
mittees on Foreign Relations, District of 
Columbia, and Enrolled Bills. He was 
also a Delegate to the Philadelphia "Loy- 
alists' Convention" of 1866. 

Patterson, John. — He was a mem- 
ber, for four years, of the Assembly of 
^New York; and a Representative in Con- 
gress, from that State, from 1803 to 1805. 

Patterson, John.— He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Ohio, from 
1823 to 1825. 

Patterson, Thomas. — He was born 
in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania; and 
was a Representative in Congress, from 
that State, from 1817 to 1825. 

Patterson, Thomas J, — He was 

born in New York; and was a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from that State, from 
1843 to 1845. 

Patterson, Walter. — He was born in 
Columbia County, New York, and was a 
member of the Assembly of New Yorlt, in 



1818, from Columbia County; and a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from 1821 to 
1823. 

Patterson, William.— He was born 
in Maryland, and, having settled in Ohio, 
was elected a Representative in Congress, 
from that State, from 1833 to 1838. 

Patterson, William.— Re was born 
in Londonderry, New Hampshire, June 4, 
1789; removed to the State of New York 
in 1815, and subsequently settled in AVar- 
saw, Genesee, now Wyoming County. He 
was elected a Representative in Congress, 
from New York, from 1837 to 1839, but 
died before the expiration of his term, at 
Warsaw, New York, August 14, 1838. 

Patton, John.— He was a Delegate 
to the Continental Congress in 1785 
and 1786, and a Representative in Con- 
gress, from Delaware, from 1793 to 1794, 
and for a second terra from 1795 to 1797, 
but his seat was successfully contested by 
H. Latimer. 

Patton, John. — He was born in 
Pennsylvania, and elected a Representa- 
tive, from that State, to the Thirty- 
seventh Congress, serving on the Com- 
mittee on Indian Affairs. 

Patton, John ilf.— He was born in 
Virginia; received a liberal education, and 
adopted the profession of law, in which he 
was successful; and was a Representative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1830 to 
1838. He died in October, 1858, in the 
sixty-second year of his age. He was for 
some years, and at the time of his deatlj, 
Judge of the Court of Appeals. 

Paulding, Jr., William.— Born in 

Tarrytovvn, Westchester County, New 
York, in 1769 ; was educated for the law, 
and engaged in a lucrative practice in 
N^w York City. He was a Delegate to 
the New York Convention for revising 
the State Constitution in 1821 ; and 
elected a Representative in Congress, 
from that State, from 1811 to 1813, but he 
was absent from his seat during the ses- 
sion in which war was declared, and 
served as General of Militia during its 
prosecution. In 1823 he was chosen 
Mayor of New York, after which he lield 
no public office. He died at Tarrytown, 
February 11, 1854. 

Patvling, Levi. — He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Pennsylvania, 
from 1817 to 1819. 

Payne, Winter TF.— He was born in 
Fauquier County, VIrijinia, January 2, 
1807; received a good English education, 
and emigrated to Alabama in 1825; was 
elected to the Alabama Legislature in 
1831, and, with the exception of one year. 



298 



BIOGBAPHICAL BECOBDS. 



served in that capacity until 1840; and 
was a Representative in Congress, from 
Alabama, from 1841 to 1847. He subse- 
quently returned to Warrenton, Virginia, 
where he settled, devoting himself to 
agricultural pursuits. 

Paynter, Lemuel. — He was born in 
Delaware, and, on removing to Tennsyl- 
vania, was elected a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1837 to 
1841. 

JPeabody, Nathaniel. — He was a 

Delegate from New Hampshire, to the 
Continental Congress, in 1779 and 1780. 
Died in 1823, aged eighty-two years. 

Pearce, Dutee .J. —Born in Ports- 
mouth, Rhode Island, in 1789, and grada- 
ted at Brown University in 1808; died at 
Newport, Rliode Island, May 9, 1849. He 
was a prominent lawyer; at one time At- 
torney-General of the State, and United 
States District Attorney for that district, 
and a Representative in Congress, from 
Rhode Island, from 1825 to^ 1833, and 
again from 1835 to 1837. He was also a 
Presidential Elector in 1821. He was a 
graduate of Brown University, and served 
in the Legislature of Rhode Island. 

Pearce, Jatnes A. — He was born in 
Alexandria, Virginia, December 14, 1805, 
although of a Maryland family by his 
father's side. He graduated at Princeton 
College, with tlie first honors, in 1822; 
was bred to the law, but was much en- 
gaged in the pursuits of agriculture; he 
was a member of the Maryland Legisla- 
ture in 1831 ; a Representative in Congress, 
from that State, from 1835 to 1839, and 
from 1841 to 1843; and a Senator in Con- 
gress, from 1843 to 1862, having served for 
a number of years as Chainnau of the 
Joint Committee on the Library. He also 
held the post of Professor of Law in Wash- 
ington College, Chestertown, and was a 
Regent of the Smithsonian Institution. 
Was re-elected to the Senate for the term 
commencing March, 1863, but died at 
Chestertown, Maryland, December 20, 1862. 

Pearce, J'ohn «J. — He was born in 
Pennsylvania, and was a Representative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1855 to 
1857. 

Pearson, eJosejpZi.— Born in Rowan 
County, North Carolina, and died at Salis- 
bury, October 27, 1834. He was a lawyer 
by profession, served two years in the 
State Legislature, and was a Representa- 
tive in Congress, from North Carolina, 
from 1809 to 1815. While in Congress he 
fought a duel with the Hon. John G. Jack- 
son, the result of a political quarrel. 

Peaslee, Charles JET.— He was born 
In Gilmauton, New Hampshire, in Febru- 



ary, 1804; graduated at Dartmouth Col- 
lege in 1824 ; and was a Representative in 
Congi-ess, from that State, from 1847 to 
1853. He was also a State Representative 
from 1833 to 1837; Adjutant-General of 
the State from 1839 to 1847; and Collector 
of Customs at Boston, from 1853 to 1857. 
Died at St. Paul, Minnesota, while on a 
visit there in October, 1866. 

Pecic, George W. — He was born in 

New York about the year 1818; removed 
to Michigan, and was a member of the 
Legislature of that State in 1846 and 1847, 
serving as Speaker during the latter year; 
was alterwards chosen Secretary of State; 
and was a Representative in Congress, 
from Michigan, from 1855 to 1857. 

Pecic, Jared F.— He was born in 
New York, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1853 to 
1855. 

Pecic, Lucius B. — He was born in 
Waterbury, Vermont, in 1799 ; spent two 
years at the West Point Academy ; studied 
law, and came to the bar in 1824; served 
in the State Legislature, and was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from that State, 
from 1847 to 1851. Prom 1853 to 1857 he 
was United States Attorney for Vermont, 
and subsequently President of the Ver- 
mont and Canada Railroad. Died in Low* 
ell, Massachusetts, December, 1866. 

Pecic, Luther C— He was born ia 
Connecticut, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from New York, from 1837 to 
1841. 

Peclchain, Mufus TF.— He was born 
in New York, and Avas a Representative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1853 to 
1855 ; and in 1859 he was elected Judge of 
the Supreme Court. 

Peek, Sermanus.—Tie was born ia 
Albany, New York, and was for two years 
a member of the New York Assembly, 
from Schenectady County, and a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from New York, 
from 1819 to 1821. 

Peery, Will lain.— He was a Dele- 
gate from Delaware, to the Continental 
Congress, from 1785 to 1786. 

Pegrain, tfohn.—TIe was a native of 
Virginia, and a Representative in Con- 
gress, from that State, from 1818 to 1819, 
to fill the unexpired term of Peterson 
Goodwin. 

Pelton, Guy JK.— Born at Great Bar- 

rington, Berkshire County, Massachu- 
setts, August 3, 1825. His taste, from 
early boyhood, had inclined him to the 
study of law, but it was not until he had 
attained his twentieth year that he was. 



BIOGEAPniCAL BEC0BD8. 



299 



enabled to prosecute bis plans for a pro- 
fessioual life, having previously to tliat 
time reinaiued upou the homestead farm 
with his father. He spent two j'cars in 
the acadefny of his native town, and three 
j'ears in the Connecticut Literary Insti- 
tute, after which he devoted one year to 
teaching at Lee, Massachusetts, and at 
Dover Plains, New York, employing his 
leisure in reading elementary works on 
law. He then entered a law office at Kin- 
derhook, and completed his studies, being 
admitted to the bar in 1850. In 1851 he 
opened a law office in New York City, and 
in 1854 was elected a Representative to 
the Thirty-fourth Congi'css, after which 
he returned to New York, and resumed 
his professional labors. 

Pendleton f Edmund. — He was a 

native of Virginia, and held various pub- 
lic offices in that State. He was a Judge 
of the Court of Appeals; was a Delegate 
to the Continental Congress from 1774 
to 1775. In 1787 was clioseu President 
of tlie Convention of Virginia which met 
to consider the Constitution of the United 
States. In 1789 he declined the appoint- 
ment, by Washington, as District Judge 
for Virginia. He died at Richmond, Oc- 
tober 11, 1823, aged eighty-two. 

Pendleton Edmund if.— He was a 
Representative in Congress, from New 
York, from 1831 to 1833. 

Pendleton, George H. — Born in 

Cincinnati, Ohio, July 25, 1»25; is a law- 
yer by profession ; was a member of the 
State Senate of Ohio in 1854 and 1855 ; was 
elected a Representative, from Oliio, to 
the Thirty-llfth, Thirty-sixth, and Thirty- 
seventh Congresses, serving as a member 
of the Committee on Military Affairs dur- 
ing each term. Re-elected to the Tliirty- 
eightli Congress, serving on the Commit- 
tees on Ways and Means, and as Chairman 
of a Special Committee on admitting cab- 
inet officers to the floor of the House of 
Representatives. His father, Nathaniel 
Greene Pendleton, was also a Representa- 
tive in Congress. In 1864 he was nomi- 
nated for the office of Vice-Ptesideut of the 
United States, on the ticket with George 
B. McClellan for President. He was also 
a Delegate to the Philadelphia " National 
Union Convention " of 1866. 

Pendleton, <John S. — He was born 
in Virginia; in 1841 was appointed Charge 
d'Aflaires to the Republic of Chili ; was a 
Representative in Congress, from that 
State, from 1845 to 1847, and for a second 
term, ending in 1849. In 1851 he was ap- 
pointed, by President Fillmore, Minister 
Resident to the Argentine Confederation, 
and was authorized to negotiate with Par- 
aguay, etc. 

Pendleton, Nathaniel Greene* — 



Born in Savannah, Georgia, in August, 
1793; removed with his father, to New 
York in his childhood ; was educated at 
Columbia College ; adopted the pi-ofessiou 
of law; was an Aid to General E. P. 
Gaines from 1813 to 1815; removed to 
Ohio in 1818 ; in 1825 was elected to the 
Senate of Ohio, and re-elected ; and was 
a Representative in Congress, from Ohio, 
from 1841 to 1843, after which he volun- 
tarily retired from public life. He was a 
man of high character and unco.mmon 
ability, and died in Cincinnati, June 16, 
1861. His father, Nathaniel, was an 
officer in the Revolutionary war, a Judge, 
and second of General Alexander Hamil- 
ton in his duel with Aaron Burr. 

Penn, Alexander G. — He was born 
in Virginia, and, having settled in Louisi- 
ana, was elected a Representative in Con- 
gress, from that State, from 1851 to 1853. 
Died suddenly, in Washington, May 8, 
1866, while on a visit to that city. He 
once held a position in the Custom-house 
of New Orleans. 

Penn, John- — Born in Caroline 
County, Virginia, May 17, 1741 ; his early 
education Avas defective, but he soon 
overcame all obstacles, and acquired a 
knowledge of law; in 1774 he settled iu 
North Carolina; and was a Delegate, 
from North Carolina, to tiie Continental 
Congress, from 1775 to 1780, and signed 
the Declaration of Independence, as well 
as the Articles of Confederation. When 
Coruwallls invaded North Carolina, he 
was placed in charge of public affairs, and 
acquitted himself with credit; in 1784 he 
was appointed Receiver of Taxes ; he died 
October 26, 1809. 

Penniman, Ebenezer J'enclces.-' 

He was born in Lansingburgh, New York; 
when thirteen years of age was appren- 
ticed to the business of printing, in the 
office of the " New Hampshire Sentinel," at 
Keeue; when eighteen years of age he 
purchased his indentures, and entered 
upon mercantile pursuits in the City of 
New York; removed to Michigan in 1835, 
and was elected a Representative, from 
that State, to the Thirty-second Con- 
gress. 

Pennington, Alexander C. 31. — 

He was born in Newark, New Jersey, in 
1811 ; a lawyer by profession ; was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, fi-om that State, 
from 1853 to 1857 ; also served two years 
in the State Legislature; and subse- 
quently settled in the City of New York, 
where he died January 25, 1867, aged fifty- 
six years. 

Pennington, William,. — B.e was 

born in Newark, New Jersey, in 1797; re- 
ceived a liberal education, and adopted 
the profession of law ; in 1837 he was 



300 



jiiOGJiArrircAL hecouds. 



elected Govornor of New .Toi'scy. ami 
aimuiilly iv-elooioil uiitil 184.'5. aoiiiijj; at 
the sjiiiu' limo as riiaiicollof of (ho t>t,au>, 
exoXflcia, and (akinir a proiiiiuoiit. (tart, in 
what was known as \\w •' 13ioadSoal c'on- 
trovoisy." By rro.sidoufc Taylor lie •was 
appoiniod Governor ol" Miiiuosotti Terri- 
tory, and l)y I'nsidont Kilhnore. a Judge 
to setlle land claims in Galirornia, — bolli 
of wliieh positions lie declined to accept;. 
In 18."i8, contrary to liis wishes, he was 
elected a Uoprcscntatlve. tVoiii New .Ter- 
eey, to llio Thirty-sixth Goniiress; and, 
after the lapse of two months iron; taking 
his seat, he was elected Speaker of the 
House of Representatives. Died at New- 
ark, New .Jersey. Kebruary Ki. 18(i2. He 
had been iiuli,>poscil. ami l)avi\i,n' taken an 
overdose of morphine, for some other 
iijcdlclue, died fl"0Ui Its ctfects. 

Penni/barkrr, Isnar ^.— Horn in 

180(i. in Shenandoah t\uinty. \'irg"inia; 
was a l.iwyer by profession; and a Ucprc- 
scntative in (.\uigress. from IS.'iT lo 18;U) ; 
and then ,)iKl.i>e"of the District Court of 
Western Virj>inia ; and a Senator in Gon- 
g'ress for tlie term from 18+.5 to 1851. He 
died in Wasihlnjitou, District of Columbia, 
January l:», 18^7. 

Perea, FranrLtco. —Was born iu 
ZadiUas. County of l?ernalillo. New Mex- 
ico, January ;>. 18;?1. and in 18();{ he was 
elected a Delegate, from New Mexico, to 
the Thirty-eighth Congress. 

Perham, Shlnctf. — Was born In 
WooiKslock. Oxford County. Maiue. 
March '27, 18l;t: until his tliirty-fourih 
year he followed the double occupation 
of farmer aiivl teacher; in 18.")'J he was 
chosen a mendicr of the ^ijiine Board of 
Agriculture, which position he heUl for 
two years; iu 18.">,') lie was a member of 
the State lA\uislatuiv, and otllciared as 
Speaker; iu K^.'xi he was a rresidential 
Elector; in 18.')8 was elected County 
Clerk for Gxford t\iuuty, and re-elected iu 
1861; and in 18t)'J was elected a Kepre- 
sentatlvc. from Maiue, to the Thirty- 
elghih Congress, serving on the Commit- 
tees on Agriculture, and invalid I'ensions. 
lle-clected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, 
serving as Chairman of the Committee on 
Invalid rensious. lie-elected to the 
Fortieth Congivss. 

Perkins, Bis7iop.— lie was born in 
Kew Hampshire, and. having settled iu 
New York, w;is elected a Hepresentatlve 
iu Congress, from that State, from 18.")3 
to 185o. 

Pei'JcinSf Elia^.— He was born in 
Norwicit, Connecticut, April .'1.170)7; grad- 
natcd at Vale College, in 178G; studied 
law, and. after practising a few years, re- 
linquished the profession, and was elected 
a Kepi'eseutative iu Cougix>ss, iVom Con- 



necticut, from 1701 to 180;?. He was snb- 
sequcul^y chosen Judge of the (\)nrt for 
the County of New Loudon, which olllce 
beheld until ho became Ineligible from 
Ids advanced years; was Mayor of tho 
City of New I'.ondon from 1821) to 1832, 
when ho declined a re-election; and he 
died In jNew London, September 27, 
1845. 

Perhhw*. Jared.— lie w.as born in 
New llam|»shire, and was a ileprescnta- 
tive in Congress,, from that State, from 
1851 to 185J. He also held the position of 
State Councillor from 184G to lSi\); State 
Heprescntalivc iu 1850; and died at 
Nashua, October 14, 1854. 

Prrli'his, Jr., tTofin. —He was born 
in l>ouisiana. July 1, 1819. He graduated 
at Yale College in 1840. and subsequently 
at the Law School of Harvard College; he 
settled, for the practice of his profession, 
In New t)rlc;iiis, but his health compelled 
him to travel in Europe; on his return, iu 
1S5I, he was chosen a Judgeof the Circuit 
Court of Lousiaua, whicli posit ion he held 
until elected to Congress, in 185;?. where 
ho advocated l")emocrailc measures, and 
remained until 1855. serving on Hie Com- 
mittee on Foreign Alfairs. Took part iu 
the liebelllon. 

Perri/f, Auffusfus L.—\W was bora 
iu Virginia, and was a Kepresentative Iu 
Congress, lYom Ohio, from 1845 to 1847. 

Perrif, John »/". — He was born in 
Portsmouth. New Hampshire. August 2, 
1811, but. when a child removed with his 
fa. her. Kev. Daniel IVriy. to Oxford, 
Maiue; he received a common-school 
education, and of his own accord spent 
three years at the " Maine Wesleyau 
Seminary," paying for his tuition by labor- 
ing on the farm belonging to the institu- 
tion, and also by teaching school in the 
winter. Having spent three years en- 
gaged in mercantile pursuits, he turned 
his attention to the law: was admitted to 
the bar at l>xford in 1844, where he has 
practised his prot'ession ever since. He 
Wiis elected tti the Maiue Legislature iu 
1839, 1842. ami 1843; was afterwards for 
seven years Major-Generai of the IVialno 
Militia; iu 184t> and 1847, he was elected 
to tlie StiVte Senate ; In 1854 lie was elected 
Clerk of the Maine liouse of Kepivsenta- 
tives ; and he was a Representative in Con- 
gress fmm 1855 to 1857. Of late years he 
has been connected with the press, as 
editor of the " Oxford Democrat." a paper 
published at Paris, Maiue; and he was 
also elected a Kepresentative in tJie Thir- 
ty-sixth Cougivss. serving as a member 
of the Committee on Territories. He wjvs 
also a member of the " Peace Congress " of 
18tU. 

Perry, XelkeiniaJt.—Ilo wa*; born at 



niOOBAPniCAL nECOBDS. 



301 



Kidjroflold, Connecticut, March 80, 1810; 
rocoivod a fjood cdiicaMori at llic West 
Lane .Seminary; lia.s l)een ciilefly eni^a.i^ed 
In tlie eiolJi und elotiiiii;:^ l)iisiMe.s.s; vva.s 
for many years i,lie presidin;^ member of 
the Oonimon (-'onneil of Ncvvaric, New 
Jersey; served a number of years in the 
Lej^isiature of that iSlate; and was elected 
•a l{e|)resentative, from New Jersey, totlie 
Thirty-seventh Conj^ress, servinj^ on tlie 
Commit,te(!H on Revolutionary (Iliiiins, and 
Expenditures on Public IJuildin;^s. Ile- 
clccted to the Thirfcy-eiyhth Con;jfress, 
serving on the Coiuraittec on Commerce. 

Perry f Thomas. — Uc was born in 
Maryland, and was a Kepresentative in 
Con-^rees, from that State, from 1845 to 
1847. 

Feter, Oeorf/e. — Bom In George- 
town, Montgomery County, Maryland 
(now tlie District of Columbia), Septem- 
ber 28, 1779. He was educated at private 
Institutions and at the Georgetown Col- 
lege; entered the United States Army in 
17'.)'J, and resigned in 180!); served as a 
Major of Volunteers during the war of 
1812; was a Kepresentative in Congress 
from 1810 to 181 'J, and again from 1825 to 
1827; was elected twice to the State Leg- 
islature; and also served the public as 
Commissioner of Public Worlcs for the 
Stale of Maryland. IMed in Montgomeiy 
County, Maryland, June 22, 1801. 

Peters, Jfohn A. — Tie was born in 
Ellsworth, Hancock County, Maine, Octo- 
ber 0, 1822; graduated at Yale College in 
18'I2; studied law at the Harvard Law 
School, and came to the bar at IJangor In 
1844; in 1802 and 1803 he was elected to 
the Senate of Maine; in 18G4 he was 
elected to the House of Kepresontatives ; 
at tlie close of 1804 and also in 1805 and 
1800 he was elected by the Legislature 
Attorney-General of the State, and subse- 
quently elected a Representative from 
Maine to tlie Fortieth Congress, serving 
on the Cornmitteeg on Public Expendi- 
tures and Patents. 

Peters, Mlchard. — He was bom 

near PJiiladftlphia, August 22, 1744; grad- 
uated at Philadelphia College; was a law- 
yer by profession, and very successful in 
his native State from the fluency with 
which he spoke German. He was remark- 
able for his wit, and when he accompanied 
the delegation from Pennsylvania to the 
Six Nations, the Indians were so delighted 
witli his vivacity that he was formally 
adopted by them into their tribes. At the 
commencement of the Revolution he be- 
came a Captain cf Volunteers, but wa-s 
soon transferred to the Poard of War, 
with which he was connected until 1781, 
when he resigned his post, and received 
from Congress a vote of thanks for his 
services. He was a Delegate to the Con- 



tinental Congress from 1782 to 1783. 
After the organization of the Federal Gov- 
ernment, Washington offered him the |»o- 
sition of Comptroller of tlie Treasury of 
the United States, which he declined, but 
accepted that of Judge of the J>istrict 
Court of Pennsylvania, which siiuatiou ho 
occupied until his death. Resides his du- 
ties on the bench, he was chiefly engaged 
in the pursuits of agriculture and i)iiblic 
works; was first President of the (Com- 
pany who built the permanent bridge over 
the Schuylkill at Philadelphia. Jn 1707 
he publislied his experiments in agricul- 
ture and improvements in American hus- 
bandry ; was President of the Philadelphia 
Agricultural Society, and enriched its me- 
moirs with many valuable communica- 
tions, lie died in 1824. 

Petrie, George. — Ho was born in 
New York, and was a Representative in 
(-'ongress, from that State, from 1847 to 
184y. 

Petrilcen, David. — He was born In 
Pennsylvania, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1837 to 
1841. Died January 3, 1849. 

Pettigrew, JEbenezer. — Tie was a 

Representative in Congress, from North 
Carolina, from 1835 to 1837, and was a 
member of the Committee on lixjjenses ia 
the Navy Department. 

Pettis, Spencer. — He was bom In 

Virginia, and educated a lawyer, and, on 
taking up his residence in Missouri, was 
elected a Representative in Congress, 
where he served from 1820 to 1831. Died 
August 20, 1831, aged twenty-nine years, 
having fallen in a duel witli Major Thomas 
Riddle at St. Louis. 

Pettit, Charles.— Re was a Delegate 

to the Continental Congress, from Piiila- 
delphia, from 1785 to 1787. 

Pettit, .Tohn. — Bom at Sackctt's Har- 
bor, .lelferson County, New York, July 'JA, 
1807; he received a good education, and 
studied law, and removed to Lafayette, 
Indiana, in 1831, where he has since re- 
sided. He was a member of the State 
Legislature, United States District Attor- 
ney, and served in tlie House of Repre- 
sentatives in Congress from 1843 to 1847, 
and in the United States Senate from 1853 
to 1855. In 1850 he was a member of the 
" State Constitutional Convention," and 
has twice held the office of Circuit Judge ; 
was a Presidential lilector in 1852 ; and in 
1859 he was appointed, by President Bu- 
chanan, Chief Justice of the Federal Courts 
of Kansas. He was also a Delegate to the 
" Chicago Convention" of 1804. 

Pettit, John CT. — He was born in 
New York ; graduated at Union Collego 



302 



BIOGBAPHICAL BECOBDS. 



in 1839 ; studied law, and commenced the 
practice of his profession in Wabash, 
Indiana, in 1841. He went as United 
States Consul to Maranham, Brazil, in 
1850; and on his return, in 1853, was ap- 
pointed Judge of the Upper Wabash Cir- 
cuit Court of Indiana; and was elected to 
Congress, as a Representative of that 
State, in 1854; and was re-elected to the 
Thirty-fifth Congress. He was a member 
of the Joint Committee on the Library. 
He was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Con- 
gress, serving as Chairman of the Library 
Committee. 

Peyton f Bailie. — He was born in 
Sumner Countj"", Tennessee ; received a 
liberal education, and adopted the profes- 
sion of law ; he was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1833 to 
1837; he was appointed, by President 
Pillmore, in 1849, Minister to Chili; was 
subsequently elected United States Dis- 
trict Attorney for Louisiana; was for a 
time settled at San Francisco, California, 
in the practice of his profession, but re- 
turned to his native State. In 1861 he 
was a Presidential Elector for the State 
of Tennessee, and subsequently served in 
the Rebellion. 

Peyton, J'oseph M. — Born in Sum- 
ner County, Tennessee, in 1813; was fre- 
quently elected to the Senate of Tennes- 
see; held many other local positions of 
high character; and v\'as a Representative 
in Congress from 1843 to 1845. He i"e- 
ceived a medical education, but abandoned 
that profession for politics. Died in Sum- 
ner, Tennessee, November 12, 1845, hav- 
ing been re-elected to Congress. 

Peyton, Satnuel O.— Born in Bullitt 
County, Kentucky, in 1804; received a 
good common-school education; settled 
in Hartford and devoted two years to the 
duties of a clerk; studied medicine, and 
graduated at Transylvania University in 
1827; in 1835 he was elected to the State 
Legislature ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from Kentucky, from 1847 to 1849 ; 
and was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth and 
Thirty-sixth Congresses, serving during 
Ms last term as a member of the Commit- 
tee on Public Buildings and Grounds. 

Phelps, Charles E. — He was born 
in Guilford, Vermont, May 1, 1833; re- 
moved with his parents to Pennsylvania 
in 1838, and to Maryland in 1841 ; gradu- 
ated at Princeton College in 1852, and at 
the Law School of Harvard University in 
1853 ; studied law, and came to the Mary- 
land bar in 1855 ; and admitted to practice 
in the United States Supreme Court in 
1859. During that year he assisted in or- 
ganizing the "Maryland Guard" for mu- 
nicipal purposes, was chosen Captain, 
afterwards Major, which latter commis- 



sion he resigned April 19, 1861, rather 
than obey an order that he deemed trea- 
sonable. In 1860 he was a member of the 
City Council of Baltimore. In 1862 he 
was made Lieutenant-Colonel of the 
Seventh Maryland Volunteers, promoted 
to the rank of Colonel in 1863, and honor- 
ably discharged on account of wounds iu 
1864, and was soon afterwards elected i 
Representative from Maryland to the 
Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the 
Committees on the Militia, and on Naval 
Aflairs. He was subsequently commis- 
sioned a Brevet Brigadier-General for 
gallant conduct at the battle of Spottsj-'l- 
vania. Re-elected to the Fortieth Con- 
gress, serving on the Committees on 
Appropriations, and Expenses in the War 
Department. 

Phelps, Elisha. — He was a native 
of Simsbury, Connecticut; born iu No- 
vember, 1779; graduated at Yale College 
in 1800, and studied law at Litchfield. He 
was several times a member of the House 
of Representatives and of the Senate of 
his native State. He was Speaker of the 
House of Representatives in the Legisla- 
ture in 1821 and 1829; was a Representa- 
tive in Congress, from Connecticut, from 
1819 to 1821, and also from 1825 to 1829; 
was Comptroller of the State from 1830 to 
1834, and in 1835 was appointed one of the 
Commissioners to revise the statutes of 
Connecticut. He died at Simsbury, in 
April, 1847. 

Phelps, John Stnith.—Re was born 
in Simsbury, Hartford County, Connecti- 
cut, December 22, 1814; was educated at 
Washington (now Trinity) College, Hart- 
ford, Connecticut, and studied law in the 
office of his father, Elisha Phelps. He 
practised law a short time in his native 
State, and in 1837 emigrated to Missouri, 
and settled at Springfield, Greene County, 
near which town he now resides. In 1840 
he was chosen by the people of Greene 
County to represent them in the Legisla-. 
ture; and having been appointed Brigade- 
Inspector of Militia in 1841, he has since 
borne the title of Major. In 1844 he was 
elected Representative to the Twenty- 
ninth Congress, serving in that position 
until the close of the Thirty-sixth Con- 
gress, and was a member of the Select 
Committee of Thirty-three on the Rebel- 
lious States. He was also re-elected to the 
Thirty-seventh Congress. He served as 
Colonel of Volunteers in 1861, and in 1862 
was appointed by President Lincoln Mili- 
tary Governor of Arkansas. He was, dur- 
ing the Thirty-fifth Congress, Chairman 
of the Committee on Ways and Means, 
and generally served on important com- 
mittees. He was also a Delegate to the 
Philadelphia "National Union Conven- 
tion " of 1866, and iu 1867 was appointed 
a Commissioner to settle the War Claims 
of Indiana. 



BIOGBAFHICAL BECOIiDS. 



303 



Phelps, Launcelot.—Re was born 
in Coniiucticut, ani.1 was a Representative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1835 to 
1839. 

Phelps, Oliver. — He was a Repi'e- 
seutat.ve in Congress, from New York, 
from 1803 to 1805, and a member of tiie 
Assembly of that State, from Ontario 
County, in 1834. 

Phelps, Samuel S.— He was born in 

Litchtield, Connecticut, May 13, 1793, and 
died Match 25, 1855, in Middlebury, Ver- 
mont. He graduated at Yale College in 
1811, and while studying law, in 18i'2, he 
entered the American array, and before the 
close of his military career was appointed 
Paymaster. He settled in Middlebury, and 
practised law. In 1827 he was member 
of the Council of Censors, and wrote the 
address issued by that body. In 1831 he 
was chosen a member of the Legislative 
Council of Vermont, and was soon after- 
wards appointed Judge of the Supreme 
Court of the State, in which position he 
remained until 1838. He was a Senator in 
Co'ngress from 1839 to 1851, in which 
body he displayed abilities of a high or- 
der. In January, 1853, he was appointed 
to the Senate in the place of William Up- 
ham, deceased, and served until October, 
1854. 

Phelps, Timothy G.—B.e was born 
in New York, and, rejnoving to Cali- 
fornia, was elected a Representative, 
from that State, to the Thirty-seventli 
Congress. 

Phelps, WiUiam, TF.— He was born 
in Oakland County, Michigan, June 1, 1826 ; 
he graduated at the University of Michi- 
gan in 1846 ; studied law, and was admit- 
ted to the bar in 1848 ; and edited a Dem- 
ocratic newspaper, in Oakland County, 
fi-om 1851 to 1855. In 1852 and 1853 he 
held the office of Commissioner for his 
native county, performing the duties of 
Judge at Chambers; in 1854 was ap- 
pointed, by President Pierce, Register of 
the United States Land Office at Red 
Wing, in Minnesota; and in 1857 he was 
elected a Representative to the Thirty- 
fifth Congress, from that State, and was a 
member of the Committee on Mileage. In 
1860 he assumed the editorship of the 
" Red Wing Sentinel." 

Phillips, Henri f M.—Re was born 
in Pennsylvania, elected a Representative, 
from that State, to the Thirty-fifth Con- 
gress, and was a member of the Commit- 
tee on Finance. 

Phillips, tTohn.—Tle was born in 
Chester County, Pennsylvania, and was a 
Representative in Congress, from Penn- 
sylvania, from 1821 to 1823. 



PJiilUps, Philip,— Ha was born in 
Charleston, South Carolina, December 13, 
1807, and was educated at the Norwich 
Military Academy, in Vermont, and at 
Middletown, Connecticut. In 1825 he 
commenced the study of law in (Charleston, 
and on the day after attaining his ra:ijor- 
ity was admitted to the bar. He entered 
public life by becoming a memiier of the 
•'Nullification Convention" in 1832, and 
voted with the minority ; in 1834 he was 
elected, for two years, to the State Legis- 
lature ; in 1835 he resigned ; removed to 
Mobile, Alabama, and practised his pro- 
fession with success ; in 1837 was elected 
President of the Alabama "Democratic 
State Convention ; " in 1844 was elected to 
the Legislature, and was Cliairman of the 
Committee on Federal Relations ; in 1849 
was President of an "lutervial Improve- 
ment Convention;" in 1851 was again 
elected to the Legislature; in 1852 went 
to the " Baltimore Convention ; " and was 
a Representative in Congress, from Ala- 
bama, from 1853 to 1855, and declined a 
re-election. Since that time he has 
practised his profession in Washington 
City. 

Phillips, Stephen Clarendon. — 

He was born in Salem, Massachusetts, 
November 1, 1801; graduated at Harvard 
College in 1819, with high honors ; began 
to study law, but soon became a merchant. 
From 1824 to 1829, by annual re-elections, 
he was chosen a Representative to the 
State Legislature from Salem; from 1830 
to 1831 he was State Senator, and in 1832 
and 1833 was again a member of the House. 
From 1834 to 1838 he worthily represented 
Massachusetts in Congress. From De- 
cember, 1838, to March, 1842, he was Mayor 
of Salem, and upon his voluntary retire- 
ment devoted the whole of his salary as 
Mayor to the public schools of the city. 
In 1840 he was one of the Presidential 
Electors for Massachusetts, and in 1848 
and 1849 was the Free-soil candidate for 
Governor. He held various State and 
private trusts, in the discharge of which, 
by his ability, sagacity, experience, and 
integrity, he rendered signal service. He 
was for many years member of the State 
Boai'd of Education, and a Trustee of the 
State Lunatic Hospital at Worcester. He 
retired from public life in 1849, and was 
extensively engaged in the lumbering 
business. He was lost by the burning of 
the steamer Montreal, on the St. Lawrence 
River, June 26, 1857, while returning from 
Quebec, whither he had been on business 
to Three Rivers, the head-quarters of his 
operations in Canada. 

Philson, Robert.— Tie was born in 
Donegal, Ireland, and was a Representa- 
tive in Congress, from Pennsylvania, from 
1819 to 1821. 

Phoenix, J. P7iillip8.—B.e was bora 



804 



BIOGIiAFHICAL BECOBDS. 



in Morristown, New Jersey; was for many- 
years a leading merchant in New York 
City; served several years la the Councils 
of the city; was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from New York, from 1843 to 1845 ; 
a member of the State Assembly in 1848, 
from New York City; and again in Con- 
gress, from 184'J to 1851, serving as Chair- 
man of the Committee on Commerce. In 
1841 he was also a Presidential Elector. 
Died suddenly in New York, May 4, 1859, 
at an advanced age. 

PicJeens, Andrew. — He was born at 
Paxton, i'eunsylvanla, September 19, 1739, 
and removed with his father, in 1752, to 
the Waxsaw Settlement, in South Caro- 
lina ; lie served as a volunteer in Grant's 
expedition against theCherokees, and was 
an active military partisan during the Rev- 
olution. He was a member of the State 
Legislature from the close of the war 
until 1793, when he was elected a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from 1793 to 1795. 
In 1795 lie was commissioned Major-Gen- 
eral of the South Carolina Militia, and was 
frequently a Commissioner to treat with 
the Indians. It was his son, and not 
himself, who was Governor of the State, 
from 1816 to 1817. He died in Pendleton 
District, South Carolina, August 17, 
1817. 

Pichens, Francis W.—B.G was born 
in South Carolina, and was a Representa- 
tive in Congress, from that State, from 
1835 to 1845. In 1858 he was appointed, 
by President Buchanan, Minister to Rus- 
sia; and, in December, 18G0, was elected 
Governor of South Carolina ; and on the 
breaking out of the Rebellion, he took an 
active part therein in various capacities. 

Pickens, Israel. — Born in Cabarus 
County, North Carolina; served one year 
in the State Legislature; was a Repre- 
sentative, from that State, in Congress, 
from 1811 to 1817, in which year he was 
appointed Register of the Land Office of 
Mississippi Territory; on removing to 
Alabama, he was elected Governor of that 
State, in 1821, and in 1826 was a Senator 
in Congress, from Alabama. 

Pickering, Timothy.— W&s born in 

Salem, Massachusetts, July 17, 1745 ; grad- 
uated at Harvard College in 1763, and, after 
the usual course of professional studies, 
was admitted to the practice of law. When 
the dissensions between the mother coun- 
try and our own commenced, he soon be- 
came the champion and leader of the Whigs 
of the quarter where he lived. He was a 
member of tlie Committees of Inspection 
and Correspondence, and bore the entire 
burden of writing. The address which, in 
1774, the inhabitants of Salem, in full 
town meeting, voted to Governor Gage, 
on the occasion of the Boston Port Bill- I 



proceeded from his pen. A part of it, dis- 
claiming any wish on the part of the in- 
habitants of Salem to profit by the closing 
of the port of Boston, is quoted by Dr. 
Ramsay, in his history of the American 
Revolution. In April, 1775, on receiving 
intelligence of the battle of Lexington, he 
marched with the regiment of whicli he 
was at the time commander, to Charles- 
town, but had not an opportunity of com- 
ing to action. Before the close of the same 
year, when the provisional government 
was organizing, he was appointed one of 
the Judges of the Court of Common Pleas 
for Essex, his native county; and sole 
Judge of the Maritime Court for the Mid- 
dle District, comprehending Boston, Sa- 
lem, and the other ports in Essex. These 
offices he held until he accepted an appoint- 
ment in the army. In 1777 he was named 
Adjutant-General, by Washington, and 
joined the army, then at Middlebrook, 
New Jersey. He continued with the Com- 
mander-in-Chief until the American forces 
went into winter-quarters at Valley Forge, 
having been present at the battles of Bran- 
dywine and Germantown. He then pro- 
ceeded to discharge the duties of a mem- 
ber of the Continental Board of War, to 
Avhich he had been elected by Congress. 
In this station he remained until he was 
appointed to succeed General Greene in the 
office of Quartermaster-General, which lie 
retained during the residue of the war, 
and in which he contributed much to the 
surrender of Cornwallis at Yorktown. 
From 1790 to 1794 he was charged, by 
President Wasliington, with several nego- 
tiations with the Indian nations on our 
frontiers. In 1791 he was also made Post- 
master-General; and in 1794 removed 
from that station to the Secretaryship of 
War, on the resignation of General Knox. 
In 1795 he was appointed Secretary of 
State in the place of Edmund Randolph. 
From that office he was removed, by Pres- 
ident Adams, in 1800. At the end of the 
year 1801 he returned to Massachusetts. 
In 1803 the Legislature of that State chose 
him a Senator to Congress, for the resi- 
due of the term of Dwi^ht Foster, who 
had resigned ; and in 1805 re-elected him 
to the same station for the term of six 
years. After its expiration, in 1811, he 
was chosen, by the Legislature, a member 
of the Executive Council, and during the 
war of 1812 he was appointed a member 
of the Board of War for the defence of 
the State. In 1814 he was returned to 
Congress, and held his seat until March, 
1817. He then finally retired to private 
life. His death took place January 29, 
1829. In public life he was di.'3tinguished 
for energy, ability, and disinterestedness; 
as a soldier he was brave and patriotic; 
and his writings bear ample testimony to 
his talents and information. He was one 
of the leaders of the Federal party of the 
United States. In 1867 his life was pub- 
lished bv his son Octavius. 



BIOaBAPElCAL BECOEDS. 



805 



Piclcman, Benjamin. — He was 

born in 1763; graduated at Cambridge in 
1784 ; visited Europe, and on his return 
studied lau^ and, though admitted to the 
bar, abandoned that profession, devoting 
himself to mercantile pursuits. In 1800 
he was elected to the State Legislature, 
and re-elected a number of years to the 
State Senate ; in 1807 he became a mem- 
ber of the Executive Council; was a 
Representative in Congress from 1809 to 
1811, and in 1820 was a member of the 
Convention for revising the State Con- 
stitution. He also held many other of- 
fices of trust and honor, and died at 
Salem, Massachusetts, in August, 1843. 

Fierce, Franhlin. — Was born in the 
town of Hillsborough, New Hampshire, 
iu 1804, and, after completing his academ- 
ical studies, entered Bowdoin College, 
Maine. On leaving college he commenced 
his legal studies at Northampton, Massa- 

■ chusetts, but subsequently returned to his 
native State, and finished his studies at 
Amherst. He was admitted to tlie bar, 
and commenced the practice of his pro- 
fession in his native town; but before the 
end of two years he was elected a Repre- 
sentative in the State Legislature, and 
during his second year's service was 
chosen Speaker of the House. In 1833 
he was elected to Congress, and remained 
a member of the House of Eepresenta- 
tives four years. In 1837 he was elected 
a member of the United States Senate, 
but, after five years' service in that body, 
resigned his seat. He settled in Concord, 
and resumed his practice at the bar. He 
adhered to his resolution of accepting no 
political office, declining to be a candidate 
for Governor of the State, or United 

. States Senator, and refusing the offices of 
Attorney-General and Secretary of War, 
whick were tendered him by President 
Polk. On the breaking out of the Mexi- 
can war, however, he enrolled himself as 
a private soldier in the New England 
Eegiment, but President Polk sent him a 
Colonel's commission, and subsequently 
raised him to the rank of Brigadier-Gen- 
eral, in March, 1847. He was in most of 
the battles which were fought between 
Vera Cruz and the City of Mexico. On 
the restoration of peace between the two 
countries, he resigned his commission 
and returned home, where he remained, 
comparatively unobserved, until the ac- 
tion of the Baltimore "Democratic Conven- 
tion"gave him a new importance through- 
out tiie Union. He was nominated by 
that body as the Democratic candidate for 
the Presidency. He was elected Presi- 
dent of the United States in November, 
1852 ; was inaugurated March 4, 1853, and 
served to the end of his terra, after which 
he retired to private life. The best bi- ( 
ography of him was written by his I 
personal friend, Nathaniel Hawthorne. J 
20 



Pierce, tTosejih.—Re was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from New Hamp- 
shire, during the years 1801 and 1802. 

Pierce, Williatn.—Re served in the 
Revolutionary war as an Aide-de-camp to 
General Greeoe, and for his services a 
sword was presented to him by the old 
Congress; he was a Delegate, from 
Georgia, to the Continental Congress, and 
a member of the Convention which formed 
the Federal Constitution. While in Con- 
gress, he wrote his impressions of the 
men who served in that body, which were 
long afterwards published in a Savannah 
paper, copies of which are to be found iu 
the library of Peter Force, of Washing- 
ton. 

Pier son, Isaac. — He was born Au- 
gust 15, 1770, and died September 22, 
1833, in New Jersey. He was educated at 
Princeton College, graduating in 1789, and 
was subsequently a fellow of the College 
of Surgeons and Physicians of New York. 
He practised medicine for forty years; 
and was a Representative in Congress, 
from New Jersey, from 1827 to 1831. 

Pierson, Jeremiah S. — He was 

born in Essex County, New Jersey, and 
was a Repi'esentative in Congress, from 
New York, from 1821 to 1823. 

Pierson, Job. — He was a Represent- 
ative in Congres.s, from New York, from 
1831 to 1835'. Died April 9, 1860, aged 
sixty-nine years. 

Pike, Frederick A. — Born in Calais, 
Maine, where he always resided; was for 
several years a member of the Maine- 
Legislature, serving one term as Speaker 
of the House of Representatives. He 
adopted the profession of law, and was 
for several years Attorney for the county 
in which he lived. He was elected a 
Representative, from Maine, to the Thirty- 
seventh Congress, serving on the Com- 
mittee on Naval Afi'airs. Re-elected to 
the Thirtji -eighth Congress, serving as 
Chairman of the Committee on Expendi- 
tures in the State Department, and a 
member of the Committee on Naval Af- 
fairs. Re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Con- 
gress, serving on his old committees, and 
as Chairman of the Committee on Ex- 
penses in the State Department. He was 
also a member of the National Committee 
appointed to accompany the remains of 
President Lincoln to Illinois, and Chair- 
man of the Special Committee ou the 
Murders in South Carolina. Re-elected 
to the Fortieth Congress, serving on the 
Committee on Reconstruction, as Avell as 
on his old committees. 

Pike, Jam,es.—Re was born in Salis- 
bury, Massachusetts, in November, 1818; 



306 



BIOGBAPHICAL liECOBDS, 



was educated at the Wesleyan University, 
in Connecticut; was a minister in tlie 
Metliodist Episcopal Church from 1841 to 
1854 ; and was elected a llepresentative, 
from New Hampshire, in the Thirty- 
fourth and Thirty-fifth Congivsses, and 
was a member of the Committee on En- 
rolled Bills. 

Pile, William A. — He was born 
near Indianapolis, Indiana, February 11, 
1829 ; received a good English and class- 
ical education; was a clergyman of the 
Methodist Episcopal Church, and a mem- 
ber of the Missouri Conference at tlie 
commencement of the Rebellion. In 1861 
he joined this Missouri Volunteers as 
Chaplain. In 1862 he had command of a 
battery of Artillery as Captain; was soon 
afterwards promoted to the rank of 
Colonel of Infantry, and in 1863 he was 
appointed a Brigadier-General of United 
States Volunteers. He was in the Mis- 
souri campaign under General Lyon; 
witli Generals Grant and llallecli at Cor- 
inth; also at Vicksburg and near Mobile, 
and his command was the first to break 
the enemy's line at the capture of Fort 
Blakely. In 1866 he was elected a Repre- 
sentative from Missouri to the Fortieth 
Congress, serving on tlie Committee on 
Union Prisoners and Military Afi"airs, and 
as Chairman of the Committee on Expen- 
ditures in the Post Office Department. 

JPilshury, Timothy. — He was born 
in Newbury, Massachusetts, April 12, 
1789 ; received a common-school educa- 
tion; spent two years as a clerk in a 
store, and several subsequent years as a 
sailor and coasting trader, making one 
•trip to Europe as Captain of a brig; 
settled in Maine, was appointed a 
member of the Executive Council; also 
served in the State Legislature; went 
from Maine to Ohio, thence to Louisi- 
ana, and finally to Texas ; he served a 
number of years in the Senate and House 
of Representatives of Texas; and, when 
that Republic came into the Union, he 
was elected a Representative in Congress 
from 1846 to 1849. He died near Dan- 
ville, Texas, November 23, 1858. 

Finchney, Charles. — Born in 

Charleston, South Carolina, in 1758 ; was 
a patriot in the Revolutionary struggle; 
was taken prisoner, and sent to St. 
Augustine, Florida; served in the Provin- 
cial Legislature ; was a member of the 
Provincial Congress in 1785 ; received the 
degree of LL.D. from Princeton College 
in 1787 ; and in 1787 was a Delegate to the 
Convention which framed the Constitution 
of the United States, and signed that 
instrument. He was President of the 
State Convention which ratified the Fed- 
eral Constitution ; and Governor of South 
Carolina from 1789 to 1792, and from 
1796 to 1798. He was a Senator in Con- 



gress from 1798 to 1891, and was ap- 
pointed, in 1802, Minister to Spain, by 
President Jefferson, holding that position 
till 1805. He was subsequently a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from 1819 to 1821; 
served in the State Legislature in 1810 
and 1812; and died October 29, 1824. 

Pinclcney, H. L.—Ue was born in 
South Carolina, and was a Representative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1833 
to 1837. He was the founder of the 
" Charleston Mercury," and died in Charles- 
ton, February 3, 1863. 

FincTcney, Thomas. — He was a 

soldier of the American Revolution ; was 
elected Governor of South Carolina in 
1787; was appointed Minister to Great 
Britain by Washington ; and was a Rep- 
resentative in Consress from 1799 to 
1801. He died in 1828. 

Pindall, James. — He was born in 
Virginia, and. was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1817 to 
1820, when he resigned. 

PinJcney, William. — Born in Annap- 
olis, Maryland, March 17, 1764. Having 
prepared himself for the bar, under the 
instruction of Judge Chase, he was admit- 
ted to practice in''l786, and immediately 
gave promise of high distinction. He was 
a member of the Convention which ratified 
the Federal Constitution, and from 1789 to 
1792 was a Representative in Congress; 
and then a member of the Executive Coun- 
cil, and made its President. In 1795 he 
was a member of the State Legislature. 
In 1796 he was a Commissioner under 
Jay's Treaty, in conjunction with Mr. 
Gore, and remained in London eight years. 
He recovered for Maryland a claim on the 
Bank of England for ^800,000. Ih 1806 
he was Envoy Extraordinary to England, , 
and in 1808, on the return of Mr. Monroe, , 
was made Minister Plenipotentiary. He ; 
returned to the United States, and settled 1 
in Baltimore in 1811, and was soon after a i| 
member of the State Senate. In Decem- 
ber, 1811, he was appointed Attorney- 
General, and remained in that position 
until 1814. He commanded a battalion of 
riflemen, and was wounded at Bladensburg, 
in August, 1814. He was a Representa- 
tive in Congress from 1815 to 1816, and 
then made Minister to Russia and Envoy » 
to Naples. On his return, in 1819, he was 
elected a member of the United States 
Senate, and continued in that station until i 
his death, February 25, 1822. He pos- 
sessed splendid talents, and was one of the 
most accomplished orators and statesmen 
of his time. 

Piper, IFiiWiam-.— He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Pennsylvania, i 
from 1811 to 1819. 



BIOGBAPJIIOAL BECOBDS. 



307 



'^ Pitcher, Nathaniel.— Trls^ was boru 
atLitclilield, Connecticut; and was a mem- 
ber of the New York Legislature in 1803, 
1815, ISIG, and 1817; a Delegate to the 
•' State Constitutional Convention " of 
1821; in 1828 he was Lieutenant-Governor 
and Acting-Governor of the State; subse- 
quently Commissioner to survey the State 
roads; and a Representative in Congress, 
from New York, from 1819 to 1823, and 
agaiu from 1831 to 1833. 

Pltlciti, Timothy .—Bom in Farm- 
ington, Connecticut, in ITGo.aud graduated 
at Yale College in 1785. He was for sev- 
eral years a member of the State Legisla- 
ture, and Speaker of the House during 
five sessions; and a Representative in 
Congress, from 1805 to 1819, In 181G he 
published a " Statistical View of the Com- 
merce of the United States," and in 1828 
Lis "Political and Civil History of the 
United States from 1763 to the close of 
"Washington's Administration." He died 
in New Haven, December 18, 1847. 

Pitman, Charles W. — He was born 
in New Jersey ; and was a Representative 
in Congress, from Pennsylvania, from 
1849 to 1851, 

Plant, David. —Was a TUSitive of Strat- 
ford, Connecticut, and graduated at Yale 
College in 1804-. In 1819 and 1820 he was 
Speaker of the House of Representatives ; 
in 1821 a member of the State Senate, and 
was twice re-elected. From 1823 to 1827 
he was Lieutenant-Governor of the State, 
and from 1827 to 1829 a Representative in 
Congress. He died October 18, 1851. 

Plants, Tobias A. — lie was born in 

\ Beaver County, Pennsylvania, March 17, 

i 1811; was self-educated; taught school 

! for several years ; studied law, and came 

to the bar in 1841 ; practised the profession 

I in Ohio; was a member of the Ohio Legis- 

i lature from 1858 to 18G1 ; and in 18G4 he 

was elected a Representative, from Ohio, 

to the Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on 

the Committees ou Public Expenditures, 

on Mileage, and War Debts of the Loyal 

I States. He was a Delegate to the Phila- 

I delphia " Loyalists' Convention" of 18G6; 

, and was re-elected to the Fortieth Con- 

I gress, serving on old committees. 

[ Plater, George.— He -was a Delegate 
' from Maryland, to the Continental Con- 
! gress, from 1778 to 1781 ; and was Gover- 
; nor of Maryland for a part of the year 

i 1792. 

I 

Plater, Thomas, — He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Maryland, 
I from 1801 to 1805. 

! Piatt, tfonas. — Judge of the Supreme 
I Court of New York ; was a Representative 
I in Congress, from New York, from 1799 



to 1801 ; and died in Peru, Clinton County, 
New York, in 1834. 

Piatt, Zep7ianiah.—B.e was a Dele- 
gate, from New York, to the Continental 
Congress from 1784 to 1786. 

Pleasants, tfames.— Born in Vir- 
ginia, in 17G9, and died in Goochland 
County, November 9, 1833. He was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress from 181 1 to 1819 ; 
United States Senator from 1S19 to 1822; 
Governor of Virginia from 1822 to 1825; 
and a member of the Convention of 1829- 
'30 for amending the State Constitution. 
He was twice appointed to the bench, but 
declined, from a distrust of his own quali- 
fications. He was a man of rare modesty, 
greatly respected and esteemed for public 
and private virtues. 

Plumper, Arnold. — He was born in 
Pennsylvania; and was a Representative 
in Congress, from 1837 to 1839, and agaiu 
from 1841 to 1843. He was subsequently 
appointed United States Marshal for the 
Western District of Pennsylvania. 

Plumer, George.— He was born in 
Alleghany County, Pennsylvania; and was 
a Representative in Congress from Penn- 
sylvania, from 1821 to 1827. 

Plumer, William.— He was born at 
Newburyport, Massachusetts, June 25, 
1759 ; received a good education ; studied 
law and was admitted to the bar in 1787; 
was for many years Solicitor for the Coun- 
ty of Rockingham ; he was for eight years 
a member of the State Legislature, and 
two years Speaker of the House ; served 
as a member and President of the State 
Senate. He was also Governor of New 
Hampshire in 1813, and from 1816 to 1819 ; 
and was a Senator in Congress, from that 
State, from 1802 to 1807. He died at Ep- 
ping. New Hampshire, December 22, 1850. 

Plumer, fFilliam.— Born mapping, 
New Hampshire, in 1790, and died Sep- 
tember 18, 1854, He graduated at Cam- 
bridge in 1809 ; studied law, but never 
practised his profession. He frequently 
served in the State Legislature, and was a 
Representative in Congress, from New 
Hampshire, from 1819 to 1825; his father, 
whose name he bore, having been a United 
States Senator in 1802, from the same 
State, He was also a member of the Con- 
vention to form a new State Constitution 
in 1850; and a Presidential Elector in 1821. 

Plum,mer, Franklin E.—He was at 
one time a Judge of the Circuit Court of 
Mississippi ; and a Representative in Con- 
gress, from that State, from 1831 to 1833, 
and again from 1833 to 1835, He died at 
Jackson, Mississippi, September 24, 1852. 

Poindexter, George.— He was the 



308 



BIOaBAPIIICAL BECOBDS. 



second Governoi' of Mississippi, under the 
State Constitution, from 1819 to 1821 ; 
was a Delegate to Congress, from the Ter- 
ritory, from 1807 to isiS, when he was 
appointed Federal Judge of the Territory ; 
he was a Representative in Congress, from 
1817 to 1819, and United States Senator, 
from Mississippi, from 1830 to 1835, serv- 
ing for a time as President pro tern, of tlie 
Senate. He died in Jaclvson, Mississippi, 
Septembers, 1853. 

Poinsett, Joel M. — He was born in 

Statesburg, South Carolina, in 1779 ; spent 
the most of his youth in travelling in 
foreign countries ; was a Representative 
in Congress, from South Carolina, from 
1821 to' 1825; was appointed, by President 
John Qnincy Adams, Unired States Minis- 
ter to Mexico ; he was Secretary of War 
under President Van Bureu ; and from 
1840 until his death he lived in retirement. 
He was a man of letters, and among other 
things wrote an interesting book on Mex- 
ico. He died in Statesburg, South Caro- 
lina, December 14, 1851. 

Poland, Luke P.— He was born in 

Westford, Chittenden County, Vermont, 
November 1, 1815; received a good com- 
mon-school and academic education ; com- 
menced the study of law when eighteen 
years of age, and was admitted to the bar 
in 1836; was Register of Probate for 
Lamoille Covinty in 1839 and 1840; was a 
member of the " State Constitutional Con- 
vention "in 1843 ; Prosecuting Attorney for 
Lamoille County in 1844 and 1845 ; and in 
1848 he was elected ):)y the Legislature one 
of the Judges of the Supreme Court of 
Vermont, which he continued to hold by 
annual elections until November, 1865, 
when he was appointed to fill the vacancy 
in the United States Senate caused by the 
death of Jacob Collamer, whose term 
would have expired in 1867. Just before 
his appointment to the Senate he had been 
re-elected to the Supreme Bench, upon 
which he held the position of Chief Justice, 
to which he was promoted in 1860. The 
Committees upon which he served in the 
Senate were those on the Judiciary, and 
Patents and the Patent Office. His ap- 
pointment to the Senate was confirmed by 
the Legislature. He was a Delegate to 
the Philadelphia " Loyalists' Convention " 
of 1866; and was subsequently elected a 
Representative, from Vermont, to the For- 
tieth Congress, serving on the Committee 
on Elections as a Regent of the Smithso- 
nian Institution, and as Chairman of the 
Committees on Revision of the Laws of 
the United States,and Unfinished Business. 

Polk, James JKwoiP.— Born in Meck- 
lenburg County, North Carolina, Novem- 
ber 2, 1795; removed with his father, in 
1806, to Tennessee, and lived in the val- 
ley of Duck River, a branch of the Cum- 
berland. He graduated at the University 



of North Carolina in 1815 ; studied law in 
Tennessee with Felix Grundy, and was 
admitted to the bar in 1820; he was a 
member of the House of Representatives 
in Congress from 1825 to 1839, and Speaker 
in that body from 1835 to 1837 ; and was 
elected Governor of Tennessee, in 1839, 
for two years. In December, 1844, the 
Electors chose him President of the Uni- 
ted States; and during his eventful admin- 
istration the Oregon question was settled, 
Texas annexed, war with Mexico declared, 
and New Mexico and California were ac- 
quired. He died at Nashville, Tennessee, 
June 15, 1849. 

Polk, Trusten. — He was born in 
Sussex County, Delaware, May 29, 1811; 
graduated at Yale College in 1831 ; studied 
law at the Yale Law School; and in 1835 
he emigrated to Missouri, where he com- 
menced the practice of his profession. In 
1845, while absent from Missouri for the 
benefit of his health, he was elected a 
member of the Convention called to re- 
model the State Constitution; in 1818 he 
was a Presidential Elector; in 1856 he 
was elected Governor of Missouri, and 
inaugurated January, 1857, but soon re- 
signed for a seat in the United States Sen- 
ate, to which he was elected for the term 
of six years from March 4, 1857. He was 
a member of the Committees on Foreign 
Afltiirs, and on Claims. Expelled for dis- 
loyalty January 10, 1862. 

Polk, William, H.—'Re was born in 
Maury County, Tennessee, May 24, 1815; 
educated at Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 
and the University of Tennessee ; studied 
law, and was admitted to the bar in 1839; 
in 1841 and 1843 he was elected to the 
State Legislature; was appointed, by 
President Tyler, Charge d'Affaires to 
Naples, where he negotiated a treaty with 
the Two Sicilies; served as a Major of 
Dragoons in the Mexican war; was a 
Delegate to the " Nashville Convention" in 
1850 ; and a Representative in Congress, 
from Tennessee, from 1851 to 1853. He 
was a brother of President Polk, and op- 
posed to the great Rebellion. Died at 
Nashville, December 16, 1862. 

Pollock, James.— Rq was born in 
Pennsylvania; graduated at Princeton 
College in 1831 ; was a Judge of the Court 
of Common Pleas ; was a Representative 
in Congress, from his native State, from 
1843 to 1849 ; and Governor of the same 
from 1855 to 1858. Was a Delegate to the 
" Peace Congress " of 1861. 

Polsley, Daniel.— He was born near 
Fairmount, Marion County, Virginia, No- 
vember 28, 1803 ; received a limited edu- 
cation and spent his boyhood on a farm ; 
studied law with Philip Doddridge and I 
Henry St. George Tucker, and came to 
the bar in 1827 ; practised the profession 



BIOGRAPHICAL BECGBD3. 



509 



until 1845, when he retired to a farm and 
devoted himself to agricultui'e until 1861 ; 
was a member of the May and June Con- 
ventions of that year, held in Wheeling, 
for i-eorganizing "the government of Vir- 
ginia, and was elected Lieutenant-Govern- 
or of the State, which he held until West 
Virginia was admitted into the Union. 
He was subsequently elected Judge of the 
Seventh Judicial Circuit for six j^ears, and 
in 1866 he was elected a Representative 
I from West Virginia to the Fortieth Con- 
gress, serving on the Committees on Rev- 
olutionary Pensions, and Invalid Pensions. 

Pomeroy, Samuel C— Was born 
in Southampton, Massachusetts, January 
3, 1816; and spent his boyhood on his 
father's farm. After an academic educa- 
tion, he entered Amherst College in 1836; 
spent four years in New York; returned 
to his native town, and held various local 
oflaces ; and was elected to the Legislature 
of Massachusetts, in 1852. In 1854 he 
was engaged in organizing the New Eng- 
land Emigrant Aid Society, and became 
H its financial agent; removed to Kansas 
in the same year, and participated in its 
• affairs ; was a member of the Territorial 
Defence Committee; a Delegate to the 
Pittsburg and Philadelphia Conventions 
of 1856, and also to that of Chicago in 
1860. During the famine in Kansas he 
was Chairman of the Relief Committee; 
and in 1861 he took his seat in the United 
States Senate, from Kansas, for six years, 
serving on the Committees on Pensions, 
Claims, Territories, Manufactures, and as 
Chairman of the Committee on Public 
Lands. In January, 1867, he was re- 
elected to the Senate for the term ending 
in 1873. 

Potneroy, Theodore iltf.— Born in 
Cayuga, New York, December 81, 1824; 
graduated at Hamilton College; adopted 
the profession of law; was District Attor- 
ney for Cayuga County from 1850 to 1856 ; 
was a member of the State Legislature in 
1857 ; and was elected a Representative, 
from New l''ork, to the Thirty-seventh 
Congress, serving on the Committee on 
Foreign Affairs. Re-elected to the Thirty- 
eighth Congress, serving as Chairman of 
the Committee on Expenditures in the 
Post Office Department, and as a member 
of the Committee on Foreign Aflfairs. Re- 
elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, 
serving on the Committees on Banking 
and Currency, and Unfinished Business. 
Re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, and 
was made Chairman of the Committee on 
Banking and Currency. 

Pond, Benjatnin.—He served four 
years in the Assembly of New York, from 
fessex County, and was a Representative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1811 
to 1813. He was re-elected, but died in 



June, 1815, at his residence in Schroon, 
Essex County, New York. 

Pope, John. — He was born in Prince 
William County, Virginia, in 1770. Hav- 
ing lost one arm by accident, he deter- 
mined to study law, and attained eminence 
at the bar; he removed to Kentucky, and 
served a number of years in the Legisla- 
ture ; was a Presidential Elector in 1801 ; 
was a Senator in Congress, from that 
State, from 1807 to 1813, officiating for a 
time as President pro tern, of that body; 
and a Representative in Congress from 
1837 to 1843. In 1829 he was appointed 
Governor of the Territory of Arkansas, 
and died in Kentucky, July 12, 1845. 

Pope, Nathaniel.— Tie was a Dele- 
gate to Congress, from the Territory of 
Illinois, from 1816 to 1818, in which year 
he was appointed Register of the Land 
Office in Edwardsville, Illinois, and was 
appointed in 1819 Federal Judge of the 
Illinois District. 

Pope, PatricJc JT.— He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Kentucky, 
from 1833 to 1835, and died at Louisville, 
Kentucky, in May, 1841. 

Porter, Albert 6?.— Born in Law- 
renceburg, Indiana, April 20, 1824; grad- 
uated at the Asbury University in 1843; 
studied law, and was admitted to the bar 
in 1845, settling at Indianapolis ; in 1853 
he was appointed Reporter of the Decis- 
ions of the Supreme Court of Indiana, 
publishing five volumes ; served two terms 
as City Attorney of Indianapolis; was 
twice elected a member of the City Coun- 
cil ; and in 1858 he was elected a Repre- 
sentative, from Indiana, to theThirty-sixth 
Congress, serving on the Judiciary Com- 
mittee. Re-elected to the Thirty-seventh 
Congress, serving on the Committees on 
the Judiciary, and on Manufactures. 

Porter, Alexander.— Born in Ire- 
land, in 1786 ; and his father having fallen 
a victim there during the disturbances of 
1798, he emigrated to America, and settled 
at Nashville, Tennessee, as a clergyman. 
He engaged in commerce, but afterwards 
studied law and removed to Louisiana 
about the year 1809, where he soon ac- 
quired distinction. He assisted in form- 
ing the Constitution of the State, and be- 
came a Judge of the Supreme Court of 
Louisiana, serving fifteen years ; and was 
a Senator in Congress from 1833 to 1837. 
He died at Attakapas, Louisiana, January 
13, 1844. He was re-elected to the Sen- 
ate, but died before taking his seat. 

Porter, Augustus S.—Born in Can- 
andaigua. New York, January 18, 1798; 
graduated at Union College in 1818; 
studied law as a profession, and practised 



310 



BIOaBAPHIOAL BECOBDS, 



for twenty years in Detroit, Michigan, 
of wliich city he was chosen Mayor in 
1838. He was a Senator in Congress, 
from Michigan, from 1840 to 1845 ; and in 
1848 he removed to Niagara Falls, the 
residence of his father, where he has 
since lived in retirement. He was also a 
Delegate to the Philadelphia "National 
Union Convention" of 1866. 

Porter, Gilchrist. — He was born in 
Virginia, and was a Eepresentative in 
Congress, from Missouri, from 1851 to 1857. 

Porter, Jaines. — He was born in 

Williarastown, Massachusetts, and was 
the son of an eminent physician ; gradu- 
ated at Williams College and removed to 
Skaneateles, New York, where he studied 
law and commenced the practice of his 
profession ; he was a member of the State 
Assembly in 1814 and 1815 ; and a Eepre- 
sentative in Congress, from New York, 
from 1817 to 1819. After leaving Congress 
he was appointed Kegister of the Court 
of Chancery which office he held until his 
death, which occurred in Albany. He 
was a man of culture and high character, 
and among his most intimate friends were 
such men as Hexuy Clay and Martin Van 
Buren. 

Porter, John. — He was a Eepre- 
sentative in Congress, from Pennsylvania, 
from 1806 to 18ll, having first been elect- 
ed to fill the unexpired term of Michael 
Lieb, resigned. 

Porter, Peter B. — He was born in 
Salisbury, Connecticut, in 1773 ; and grad- 
uated at Yale College in 1791. He com- 
pleted his law studies at Litchfield, and 
emigrated to Western New York. He 
was a Eepresentative in Congress, from 
that State, from 1809 to 1813, and from 
1815 to 1816, when he resigned. As 
Chairman of the Committee on Foreign 
Eelations, he reported the resolutions au- 
thorizing immediate and active prepara- 
tions for war; and in 1816 was appointed 
Commissioner under the Treaty of Ghent. 
In 1813 he was made Major-General and 
chief in command of the State troops, 
and in 1815 he received from President 
Madison the appointment of Commander- 
in-Chief of the United States Army, which 
he declined. Soon after the war he was 
chosen Secretary of the State of New 
York. In 1828 he was appointed Secretary 
of War by President Adams. He died at 
Niagara Falls, March 20, 1844, universally 
respected. He distinguished himself at 
Chippeway and at Lundy's Lane, and for 
his services received a gold medal from 
Congress and a sword from the State of 
New York. He was the father of Augus- 
tus S. Porter. 

Porter r Timothy S.—lie was born 
in New Haven, Connecticut ; served live 



years in the Assembly of New York, and 
also five years in the State Senate ; and 
was a Eepresentative in Congress, from 
New York, from 1825 to 1827. 

Posey, Thomas. — He was a Senator 
in Congress, from Louisiana, from 1812 to 
1813, by appointment of the Governor, but 
was superseded by J. Brown by the Leg- 
islature, and he was Governor of the Ter- 
ritorv of Indiana from 1813 to 1816. He 
died March 19, 1818. 

Post, J'r., Jotham. — Born in New 
York; a graduate of Columbia College; 
and a member of the New York Assembly 
for four years, from the City of New York, 
and a Eepresentative in Congress, from 
1813 to 1815, from his native State. 

Poston, Charles X).— He was born 
in Hardin County, Kentucky, April 20, 
1825 ; removed to California in 1850 ; was 
employed in the Custom-house at San 
Francisco for four years ; and in 1854 he 
went to Arizona as the pioneer of silver 
mining enterprises in that Territory. Up- 
on the organization of a Territorial gov- 
ernment for Arizona, he w.is appointed » 
Superintendent of Indian Afiiiirs for the 
Territoi'y; and at the first election held 
he was elected a Delegate from Arizona 
to the Thirty-eighth Congress, taking his 
seat at the second session. 

Potter, Elisha It. — Born in Little 
Eest, now Kingston, Ehode Island, in 
1764; in 1796 he was elected a Eepresent- 
ative in Congress from Ehode Island for 
the unexpired term of B. Bourne, re- 
signed; re-elected to the Fifth Congress, 
in place of Bourne, who declined, but re- 
signed himself in 1797; and he Avas again 
a Eepresentative from 1809 to 1815. serv- 
ing on important committees. He was 
elected to the Stale Legislature in 1793, 
and by semi-annual elections under the old 
charter system continued to serve until his 
death, excepting when in Congress. Ha 
was a man of superior talents, and for 
forty years filled a large space in the 
political afi'airs of Ehode Island. Died in 
Kingston, Ehode Island, September 26, 
1835. 

Potter, JTr., Elisha M.— Son of 

the preceding, and was born in Kingston, 
Ehode Island, in 1811 ; graduated at Har- 
vard University in 1830; was for several 
years a member of the State Legislature; 
was Adjutant-Genei'al of the State in 1835 
and 1836; was a Eepresentative in Con- i 
gress from 1843 to 1845; and Commis- 
sioner of Public Schools from May, 1849, 
to October, 1854, when he resigned, after 
which he devoted himself to the practice 
of law. 

Potter, Emery Z>.— He was born in 
Ohio, and was a Eepresentative in Con- 



BIOGBAPHICAL liECORDS. 



311 



gress, from that State, from 1843 to 1845, 
aud again froia 1849 to 1851. 

Potter, fTohn i^.— Born in Augusta, 
Maine, May 11, 1817; educated at Pliillips's 
Academy, New Hampshire; is a lawyer 
by profession ; was a member of the Leg- 
islature of Wisconsin in 1856; and a 
Judge of Walworth County from 1842 to 
1846, and elected a Representative in the 
Thirty-flfth Congress, serving as a mem- 
ber of the Committee on Revolutionary 
Pensions. He was re-elected to tlie 
Thirty-sixth Congress, serving on the 
Committee on Revolutionary Pensions. 
Elected also to the Thirty-seventh Con- 
gress, and made Chairman of a Special 
Committee on Government Employes, aud 
also of that on Public Lands. He was a 
Delegate also to the " Peace Congress " of 
1861. He was appointed Governor of 
Nevada Territory by President Lincoln, 
but declined, and was subsequently ap- 
pointed Cousul-Geueral of British North 
America. 

Potter, Mobert.—Bovn in Granville 
County, North Carolina. He entered the 
navy as a midsliipman, but resigned this 
position, and studied law. He entered 
tiie State Legislature in 1826, and was in 
Congress from 1829 to 1831. He was a 
second time in the Legislature, but owing 
to an outrage that he committed upon tlie 
persons of two men, of whom he was 
jealous, he lost all political influence, and, 
removing to Texas, was killed in a pri- 
vate brawl. 

Potter, Samuel jF.— Born in Rhode 
Island, and was at one time Deputy Gov- 
ernor; he was a Senator in Congress from 
Rliode Island during the years 1803 and 
1804, having died October 29 of tlie latter 
year, aged flfty-four years. In 1703 and 
1797 he was a Presidential Elector. 

Potter, Willimn IF. —He was a 

Representative in Congress, from Penn- 
sylvania, from 1837 to 1839, and died at 
Bellefoate, in that State, October 28, 
1839. 

Pottle, Emory B, — He was born in 
Naples, New York; is a lawyer by pro- 
fession; was once in the Legislature of 
New York ; and was elected a Represent- 
ative in the Tliirty-flfth Congress, from 
that State, serving on the Committee on 
Expenditures in tlie Navy Department. 
He was also re-elected to the Thirty-sixth 
Congress, serving as a member of the 
Committee on Naval Affairs. 

Potts, Jr., David.— He was born in 
Chester County, Pennsylvania, in 1793, 
and was a Representative in Congress, 
f.-om that State, from 1831 to 1839. Died 
iu 1863. 



Potts, Richard.— Tie was a Delegate 
to the Continental Congress in 1781 and 
1782; Governor of Maryland during the 
years 1781 and 1782; and a Senator in 
Congress, from that State, from 1792 to 
1796, when he resigned. He received 
from Princeton College, in 1805, the de- 
gree of LL.D. 

Powel, Samuel. — He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Tennessee, 
from 1815 to 1817. 

Powell, Alfred fl".— He was born in 
Loudon County, Virginia; graduated at 
Princeton College; studied law in Alex- 
andria, Virginia; settled in Winchester, 
Virginia, in 1800; served in the State 
Legislature, and one or two State Con- 
ventions; and was a Representative in 
Congress, from Virginia, from 1825 to 
1827. He died at Winchester, while argu- 
ing a case in court, in 1831, aged fifty years. 

Pof'ell, Cuthbert. — He was at one 
time Mayor of Alexandria, in Virginia, 
and, on his removal to Loudon County, 
was elected to the Legislature ; was sub- 
sequently a Representative in Congress 
from 1841 to 1843. He died at Laugollen, 
Virginia, May 8, 1849. 

Powell, Lazarus IF.— Born in Hen- 
derson Count3% Kentucky, October 6, 
1812 ; graduated at St. Joseph's College, 
Bardstown, in 1833; studied law at the 
Transylvania University, and came to the 
bar in 1835, following his profession and 
carrying on a farm at the same time; in 
1836 he was elected to tlie Kentucky Leg- 
islature ; was a Presidential Elector in 
1844 ; was Governor of Kentucky from 
1851 to 18.55 ; and he was chosen a Sena- 
tor in Congress for the long term com- 
mencing in ls59, serving on the Commit- 
tees on the Judiciary, Pensions, and 
Printing. He was also a Delegate to the 
Philadelphia " National Union Conven- 
tion" of 1866; and died at his home in 
Kentucky, July 5, 1867. 

Powell, Levin. — He was born in 
Loudon County, Virginia; aud was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from Virginia, 
from 1799 to 1801. 

Powell, Paulus. — He was born in 
Virginia, and, having been elected a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from that State, 
in 1849, continued in that capacity to the 
close of, the Thirty-flfth Congress, serving 
as a member of the Committee on Expend- 
itures in the Navy Department, aud that 
on Post Offices and Post Roads. 

Poivers, Gers7iom.—Be was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from New York, 
from 1829 to 1831. 

Poydras, Julian,— Hq was a Dele- 



312 



BIOGBAPniCAL EECOBDS. 



gate in Congress, from the Territory of 
Louiaiaua, from 1809 to 1812. 

Prattf J'ames T. — He was bom in 

Micklletown, Coonecticut, iu 1805; was 
bred a farmer, wiiicb occupalion he fol- 
lowed ; served in tiie Connecticut Legis- 
lature ; and was a liepresentative in Con- 
gress, from that State, from 1853 to 1855. 
He was also a Delegate to the "Peace 
Congress " of 18C1. 

Pratt, Thomas G.—lIe was born in 
Washington City in 1805; was educated 
at an Academy in Georgetown ; was bred 
a lawyer ; frequently served in the Mary- 
land Senate; was a Presidential Elector 
in 1837 ; was Governor of Maryland from 
1844 to 1848 ; and was a Senator in Con- 
gress, from that State, from 1850 to 1857. 
He was also a Delegate to the " Chicago 
Convention " of 1804 ; and to the Phila- 
delphia ''National Union Convention" of 
1866. 

JPratt, ZadocJc. — Was born at 

Stephentown, Jieusselaer County, New 
York, October 30, 1790. He commenced 
his early life without means, but by his 
industry gained a large fortune. Devot- 
ing his attention to tanning, among tlie 
Catskill n)0untains, he attained eminent 
success in that branch of the mechanic 
arts, and his name will ever be associated 
with Prattsville, and that vast tannery, 
where, previous to the close of it, in 1846, 
he had tanned more than a million sides 
of leather. In 1823 he was elected a Colo- 
nel of Militia; in 1830 to tlie State Sen- 
ate; in 1830 a Presidential Elector. He 
was elected to Congress in 1836 and 1842, 
and labored successfully for the public 
good. His career in Congress will be re- 
membered for his efforts in behalf of the 
reduction of postage, his plans for the 
new I'ost Office buildings, and the Bureau 
of Statistics, which owes its origin to 
him. In 1852 he was again a Presidential 
Elector. He established a newspaper and 
a bank at Prattsville; was a Delegate to 
the " Baltimore Convention "of 1852, and 
to various other Democratic Conventions, 
and tlie President of many socLetieB and 
institutions. 

Prentiss, J'ohn H. — He was born iu 

Worcester, Massucimsctts, April 17, 1784 ; 
was bred a printer; settled in Coopers- 
town. New York, and iu 1808 established 
the "Freeman's Journal "iu that town, 
which he edited with ability and tiuccess, 
until 1849. He was a liepresentative, from 
iS'ew Vork, to the Tweuty-flfth and Twen- 
ty-sixth Congresses; and died iu Coop- 
erstowu, June 26, 1864. 

Prentiss, 8aniuel,~He was born in 
Stonington, Connecticut, March 81, 1782; 
removed with his father to Worcester, 
Masbachusetts, and subsecjueutly to 



Xorthfield, where he commenced the 
study of law. He completed his pi'ofes- 
sioual studies in Brattleboro', Vermont, 
and commenced practice at Montpelier in 
1803, where he soon attained success, and 
became one of the foremost men of the 
bar. In 1824 and 1825 he represented 
Montpelier in the State Legislature. la 
1829 he was elected Chief Justice of the 
Supreme Court of the State, having sev- 
eral years before declined the office of 
Associate Justice of that Court. He was 
a Senator in Congress, from Vermont, 
from 1831 to 1842. While Senator he did 
much to effect the passage of the law 
against duelling in the District of Colum- 
bia. In 1842 he was appointed Judge of 
the Federal District Court in Vermont, 
which office he held at the time of his 
death. He received the degree of LL.D. 
from the University of Vermont. He died 
iu Montpelier, Vermont, January 15. 1857. 
He left ten sons, all of whom, excepting 
one, were members of iiis own profes- 
sion. 

Prentiss, Sergeant S.— Born in 

Portland, Maine, September 30, 1808, and 
died at Longwood, near Natchez, Missis- 
sippi, July 1, 1850. He graduated at 
Bowdoin College in 1826, when, after 
studying law at Gorliain, he removed to 
Mississippi, and passed two years as tu- 
tor in a private family. He studied law 
at Natchez, and, on removing to Vicks- 
burg, became from the start tlie leader of 
the bar iu his adopted State, acquiring by 
his profession a large property. He en- 
tered into politics, was elected to the 
State Legislature in 1835, and in 1837 was 
chosen a Representative in Congress for 
tiie years 1838 and 1839. From that pe- 
riod until the close of his life he was de- 
voted wholly to his profession, appearing 
frequently in court at New Orleans; and, 
as a Jury orator, he was ackuowledged as 
having uo equal iu the South-western 
States. 

Preston, Francis.— He was a mem- 
ber of Congress, from Virginia, from 1793 
to 1797, and died at Columbia, South Car- 
olina, May 20, 1835, whither he had gone 
upon a visit to his son, the distinguished 
William C. Preston. He was iu the 
seventieth year of his age. 

Preston, Jacob A. — He was born la 
Maiyland, and was a liepresentative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1843 to 
1845. 

Preston, William.— lie was bom 

near Louisville, KenLucl<y, October 16, 
1810; was liberally educated at St. Jo- 
seph's College, Kentucky, in New Haven, 
and at Harvard University; he settled, la 
the practice of law, at Louisville, and re- 
mained there until the Mexican war, 
when he went to Mexico as Lieuteuaat- 



BIOGEAFHTCAL i:ECOIiDS. 



3i; 



Colonel of the Kentucky Tolunteers : he 
served in the Convention called to frame 
anew the Conscitulion of Kentucky: in 
1850 and ISol be was elected to the State 
Lesrislatare : he was a Presidential Elector 
iu 1S52. voting for Scott ; was elected a 
^epre>ientative. from Kentucky, to the 
irty-socond Congress, for the nnex- 
,\'d term of Humphrey Marshall, re- 
ined : and was electecl to the Thirty- 
rd Congress: was a member of the 
Cincinnati Convention" which nominat- 
ed Mr. Buchanan in lSo6 : and in 1S5S was 
•^pointed, by President Buchanan. Min- 
.er to Spain. On his return, in ISol, he 
^k part In the Kebellion, and was a 
is rigadier-General. 

I^'eston, WilUam JB.— He was born 

in Virgiuia. and was a Kepresentative in 
■\ingi-ess, from that State, from 1^47 to 

-49: and Secretary of the Xavy. under 
_ resident Taylor, in 1S49 and ISoO. He 
t xik part in the Kebellion of 1S61 a.s a 
niem'^er of the Confedsrate Congress. 

V died in Montgomery County, Virginia, 

.rember lU, 1862. 

Preston, Will lam C— Was bom 

PecenjLier 27, 171H. iu Philadelphia, while 
his father was attending Congress, at that 
r'Ace. as a member from Virginia. His 
uernal grandmother was the sister of 
:rick Ht-nry. He was educated at the 
-iverslty of South Carolina. In 1S12 
graduated, and returned to Virginia, 
■vaere he studied law in the ottice of 
William Wirt, at Richmond. In lc?16 he 
went to Europe, and, after visiting France, 
Euglaud, and Switzerland, resided for 
some time in Edinburgh, where he at- 
uded the lectures of Hope. Playfair. and 
own. In 1S19 he returned to the United 
^ rates, and. being admitted to the bar in 
I'^i'l, commenced the practice of law in 
Virginia. In 15^22 he removed to Colum- 
1. in South Carolina, where he con- 
ned the practice of his profession with 
, eat distinction and success. In ISSikhe 
IS elected to the Senate of the Uuited 
- j.tes, from 6outh Carolina, where he 
--uuH'd a high position as a debater. In 
i2 he resigned his place iu the Senate, 
d returned to the practice of his pro- 
-sion in South Carolina. In 1855 he 
came President of the University of 
-^ uth Caroliua, which office he filled with 
^reat credit until he was forced to resign. 
iu consequence of ill health, alter which 
time he lived in retirement. Died at Co- 
lumbia, South Carolina, May 22, 1860. 

Price, Hiram. — ^e was born in 
"WasUingtou Couuty. Pennsylvania, Jan- 
uary 10. 1814; is President of the State 
Bank of Iowa; and iu I8G2 he was elected 
Kepresentative. from Iowa, to the Thirty- 
^Uth Congress, serving as Chairman of 
e Committee on Revolutionary Claims. 
Re-elected to the Thirty-uinth Congress, 



serving as Chairman of the Committee 
on the Pacific Railroad, and as a member 
of the Committee on Revolutionary Pen- 
sions. Re-elected to the Fortieth Con- 
gress, serving on his old committees. 

Price, Hodman Jtf.— Bom in Sus- 
sex County, Xew Jersey. November 5, 
1816. He attended Princeton College 
until his health compelled him to retire, 
and he devoted some attention to the 
study of law: was appointed Purser in the 
Navy in 1840 ; is said to have been the 
first person to exercise judicial functions 
under the American flag on the Pacific 
Coast , as Alcalde : in 1S48 was made Navy 
Agent for the Pacific Coast: was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from his native 
State, from 1851 to 1853 : and subsequent- 
ly elected Governor of New Jersey. He 
caused the establishment, in that State, 
of a Normal School, and has done much 
to improve the Militia of the State. He 
was a Delegate to the " Peace Congress " 
of 1861. 

* Price, Sferling. — ^He was bom in 

Virgiuia; was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from Missouri, from 184otolS47; 
and Governor of that State from 1853 to 
1857. Was identified with the great Re- 
bellion of 1861 as a Major-General. 

Price, Thomas i. — ^He was elected 

a Representative, from Missouri, to the 
Thirty-seventh Congress. He was also a 
Delegate to the •• Chicago Convention" 
of 1864: and to the Philadelphia '-Nation- 
al Union Convention" of 1866. 

Prince, Oliver JBT.— He was a Sen- 
ator in Congress, from Georgia, during 
the years 1828 and 1829, and died at sea, 
October 9, 1837. 

Prince, William^,—He was a Rep- 
resentative iu Congress, from Indiana, 
from 1823 to 1824. having died in Prince- 
ton. Indiana, before the expiration of his 
term, September S, 1824. 

Prinffle, Bet^amin.— Born in Rich- 
field. Otsego County, New York, Novem- 
ber 9, 1807 ; received a good English and 
classical education: studied law, and 
practised for several years, but relin- 
quished the pn.)fession on being made 
President and tiutincial officer of t lie Bank 
of Genesee, at Batavia. He held the office 
of Judge of the County Courts of Genesee 
for five years, and served one year iu the 
State Assembly: and he was elected a 
Representative, iVom New York, to the 
Thirty-third and Thirty-fourth Con- 
gresses. He wixs appointed, by Pi-esident 
Lincoln. Jud^e of the Court of Arbitra- 
tion at Cape i'own, under the Treaty with 
Great Britain of 1862. 

Profit, George If.— He was a Kep- 



314 



BIOGBAPHICAL BEC0BD8. 



resentative in Congress, from Indiana, 
from 1839 to 1843 ; and in 1843 was United 
States Minister to Brazil. He died at 
Louisville, Keutucliy, September 5, 1847. 

Pruyn, John V, £. — He was born 
in Albany, New Yorlj; was chiefly edu- 
cated at private schools, and received the 
degree of LL.D. from Rutgers College 
New Jersey; studied law, and came to 
the bar in Albany in 1832 ; in 1835 he was 
Counsel and Director of the Mohawk and 
Hudson Railroad, and subsequently be- 
came Treasurer of the New York Central 
Railroad Company ; he was also a Master 
In Chancery during the Governorship of 
W. L. Marcy; in 1844 was made a mem- 
ber of the Board of Regents ; and in 1862 
Chancellor of the University of New 
York, and was a State Senator in 1862. 
At a special election in 1863 he was elected 
a Representative, from New York, to the 
Thirty-eighth Congress, to fill the vacan- 
cy caused by the resignation of Erastus 
Corning, serving on the Committee on 
Claims. Re-elected to the Fortieth Con- 
gress, and was placed on the Library Com*- 
mittee, and that on the Pacific Railroad. 

Pryor, Roger A. — Born in Dinwid- 
dle County, Virginia, July 19. 1828 ; grad- 
uated at Hampton Sidney College in 1845 ; 
adopted the profession of law, but relin- 
quished the practice on account of his 
health ; in 1851 became an editor in Pe- 
tersburg; in 1852 connected himself with 
the " Washington Union " as a writer ; in 
1853 he joined the " Richmond Enquirer ; " 
in 1855 he was appointed, by President 
Pierce, a Special Commissioner to Greece, 
to adjust certain difficulties with-, that 
country ; on his return he established a 
political journal called " The South," 
which stopped in eighteen months ; was 
connected for four months with the 
" Washington States ; " and was elected 
a Representative, from Virginia, to the 
Thirty-sixth Congress, serving as a mem- 
ber of the Committee on the District of 
Columbia He took part in the Rebellion 
as a member of the Confederate Con- 
gress, and also as a Brigadier-General; 
and in November, 1864, he was captured 
by Union troops, and imprisoned in Fort 
Lafayette, but soon afterwards I'eleased. 
He subsequently settled in Tennessee as 
an editor. 

Pugli, George Ellis.— Born in Cin- 
cinnati, Ohio, November 28, 1822; grad- 
uated at Miami University in 1840, and is 
a lawyer by profession. He was Captain 
in the Fourth Regiment of Ohio Volun- 
teers, in the Mexican war, in 1847; Rep- 
resentative in the Legislature in 1848 and 
1849 ; was appointed Solicitor to the City 
of Cincinnati, in 1850; was Attorney- 
General of the State in 1851 : and elected 
a Senator in Congress, from March 4, 1855, 
for six years, and was a member of the 



Committee on Public Lands, and on the 
Judiciary. 

Pugh, J'ames X. — Born in Biu-ke 
County, Georgia, in 1820; received an 
academical education; adopted the pro- 
fession of law, and, removing to Alaba- 
ma, was elected a Representative, from 
that State, to the Thirty-sixth Congress, 
serving on the Committee on the Library. 
He was also a Presidential Elector in 
1856. Withdrew in February, 1831, to 
take part in the Rebellion of that year. 

Pugh, John. — He was a Representa- 
tive iu Congress, from Pennsylvania, from 
1805 to 1809. 

Piirdg, Smith M.— He was born iu 
New York, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1843 to 
1845. 

Purviance, Samuel A. —Bora in 

Butler, Pennsylvania, November 8, 1809. 
He was a student of Washington College, 
but did not graduate ; is a lawyer by pro- 
fession, and has practised for twenty-five 
years ; was a member of the Convention 
to amend the State Constitution, in 1836, 
and served in the Legislature in 1838 and 
1839 ; was a member of the Electoi'al Col- 
lege in 1848 ; and a Representative, from 
Pennsylvania, in the Thirty fifth Con- 
gress, serving on the Committee on Pub- 
lic Buildings and Grounds. He was a 
Delegate to the Phihidelphia "Loyalists' 
Convention " of 1866. 

Purviance, Samuel D.—A. member 
of Consjress, from North Carolina, from 
1803 to 1805. 

Puryear, Michard C— He was born 
in Mecklenburg, Virginia, February 9, 
1801; received a good English education; 
has spent the most of his life engaged in 
merchandising and farming. In 1838 
hafing removed to North Carolina, he 
was elected to the Legislature of that 
State; in 1840 to the State Senate; in 
1844, 1846, and 1852, he was again chosen 
to the Legislature ; and was a Represent- 
ative, in Congress, from North Carolina, 
from 1853 to 1857. He took part in the 
Rebellion of 1861 as a member of the 
Confederate Congress. He was a Del- 
egate to the Philadelphia " National Union 
Convention " of 1866. 

Putnam, Harvey.— Fox many years 
a leading member of the Genesee County 
bar; was elected several times to both 
branches of the New York Legislature ; 
and was a Representative in Congress, 
from New York, from 1847 to 1851. He 
died in Attica, New York, September 21, 
1855, aged sixty-two years. 

QuarleSf James JMT.— Born in Louisa 



BIOGBAVHICAL BEGOBDS. 



315 



County, Virginia, February 8, 1823 ; re- 
moved, with iiis father, to Kentucky, in 
1833; received a common-school educa- 
tion ; adopted the profession of law ; on 
removing to Tennessee, in 1846, he be- 
came Attorney-General of the Tenth Dis- 
trict; was a Presidential Elector In 1852; 
and was elected a llepresentative, from 
Tennessee, to the Thirtj'-sixth Congress, 
serving on the Committee on the Militia. 

Quarles, Tunstall. — He was born 
in Virginia; was aRepiesentativein Con- 
gress, from Kentucky, from 1817 to 1820, 
and was subsequently Receiver of Public 
Moneys at Cape Girardeau, Missouri. 

Quincp, tTosiah. — Born in Boston, 
Massachusetts, February 4, 1772. He 
graduated at Harvard in 1790, and entered 
on the practice of law in Boston. In 1804 
he vvas chosen a Representative from Bos- 
ton in the Congress of the United States, 
and held that station eight successive 
years, until he declined a re-election in 
1813. He was chosen State Senator, for 
Suffolk, from 1814 to 1821; Representa- 
tive from Boston, and was Speaker of the 
House in 1820; was a member of the Con- 
vention of 1820 to revise the State Consti- 
tution ; Judge of the Municipal Court in 
Boston in 1821 and 1822 ; and Mayor of 
Boston in 1823. He held the office of 
Mayor six successive years, until ho de- 
clined a re-election, in December, 1828. 
In 1829 he was chosen President of Har- 
vard University, and held that office until 
his resignation in 1845, and he received 
from that institution the degree of LL.D. 
in. 1824. His published works are 
" Speeches in Congress, and Orations on 
Various Occasions," "Memoir of .Josiah 
Quincy, Jr., of Massachusetts," " Centen- 
nial Address on the Two Hundredth Anni- 
versary of the Settlement of Boston," 
" A Historv of Harvard University from 
1636 to 1836," "Memoir of James Gra- 
harae, Historian of the United States 
Army," " Memoir of Major Samuel Shaw," 
"History of the Boston Athenisum," " A 
Municipal History of the Town and City 
of Boston from 1630 to 1830." " The Life 
of John Quincy Adams," and " Essays on 
the Soiling of Cattle." Died in Boston, 
July 1, 1864. 

Quitman, John ^. — He was the 
son of Rev. F. H. Quitman, D.D., and was 
born in Rliinebeck, Duchess County, New 
York, September 1, 1799; had a liberal 
education ; studied theology, but preferred 
the law, and in his twentieth year was a 
Professor of Law in Mount Airy College, 
Pennsylvania. In 1820 he emigrated to 
Ohio, and was admitted to the bar of that 
State, but soon afterwards, in 1821, re- 
moved to Natchez, Mississippi. In 1827 
he was elected to the State Legislature ; 
in 1828 was appointed Chancellor of the 
State, serving tliree years ; served as a 



Delegate to a " State Constitutions.! Con- 
vention;" in 1835 he was elected to the 
State Senate, and, as President of that 
body, was called upon to perform the du- 
ties of Governor; iu 1833 he distinguished 
himself as a soldier and lead^jr in b^'half 
of Texas against Mexico; in 1839 lie vis- 
ited Europe on business fur the Missis- 
sippi Railroad ; on his return was appoint- 
ed Judge of the High Court of Errors and 
Appeals; he served with distinction in 
the Mexican war, and was for a tiine the 
American Governor of Mexico; had a 
horse shot from under him at Monterey ; 
commanded at Victoria; was at Vera 
Cruz and Ojo Del Agua; commissioned by 
the President Major-General in the army; 
he also acquitted himself with great credit 
at Chapultepec; and was one of the first 
to enter the City of Mexico ; was a Presi- 
dential Elector in 1848; he was Governor 
of Mississippi in 1850; and in 1855 he was 
elected a Representative in Congress from 
Mississippi, and re-elected in 1857, serving 
both terras at the head of the Committee 
on Military Affairs. By virtue of his ex- 
perience and strict integrity he ever com- 
manded the respect of all, and the kind- 
ness of his heart and amiable manners won 
for him troops of friend.s among all parties. 
He was spoken of on two occasions as the 
Democratic candidate for Vice-President, 
and was the recognized leader of those 
favorable to the annexation of Cuba. He 
died at his residence, in Mississippi, July 
17, 1858. 

Madford, William, — Was born in 

Poughkeepsie, Duchess County, New 
York, June 24, 1814; received a good 
common-school education ; settled in New 
York City in 1829, and was for a long time 
engaged in mercantile pursuits; and in 
1862 he was elected a Representative from 
New York to the Thirty-eighth Congress, 
serving on the Committee on Public Build- 
ings and Grounds. Re-elected to the 
Thirty-ninth Congress, Serving on the 
Committees on Elections and the Postal 
Railroad to New York. 

Mamsay, I>avid.—^ovnm Pennsyl- 
vania, April 2, 1749; graduated at Prince- 
ton College in 1765; and, having studied 
medicine in Philadelphia, received a Diplo- 
ma from the Medical College of that city 
in 1772. After a short sojourn in Mary- 
land he removed to South Carolina in 1773, 
and settled in Charleston, where he at- 
tained eminence in his profession. He 
served in the Carolina Legislature during 
the whole Revolutionary war; also in the 
army as surgeon; and published much in 
behalf of tlie American cause. He was 
one of the Privy Council and was banished 
to St. Augustine; and he was a Delegate 
to Congress from 1782 to 17S4, and again 
from 1785 to 1786; and was temporary 
President during the sickness of Hancock. 
In 1785 he publisiied the " History of the 



316 



BIO a n APjff a alp, e cjonnFi. 



Ilovoliif.iori in Houth Carolina;" In 1700 
tli'i "History of tlio Arn'irican I'if;Volu- 
tlon;" ill 1801 a " Li/'o of Wasliini^t.on ; " 
in 1808 a "History of Sout.li (;;i,rf,lin;i,; " 
uiid iic also wrof,'! a"IIiHt,rjry ofUic (Jnii.cd 
SUiU;.H," and a " Universal liistory," wliicli 
■wc.va piil)liMii(;(I after lii.s dcatli. Ifo <Jicd 
May 7, 18 If,, from a wouud received In tlio 
street from a maniac. 

Ram^Hfiy, NoJhaniel. — TIo was a 

T>(;l(;jia,t(; from Muryiaiid, to ilio ('ontinon- 
tal (>)n;<r('Hs, from 1785 to 1787. ilo grad- 
uated at I'rineetoii (Joliege in 1707. 

Itam»aj/, Itohcrt. — flo was born in 

Pennsylvania, and was a ll(;|)resentativr; 
In Congress, from tluit State, fVom 18.'J.'Ho 
1835, and again from 1811 to J813. . 

Mainnef/, AlcAnander.—Mc was born 
In J>(i,ii|)liin (Jr)nnty, near Ilarrisburg, 
I'(!nnsylv!i,nia, September 8, 1815; was a 
Clerk in the oHIce of the liegister of tiiat 
county in 18^8; was Seeretary of tlie 
Kle(;toral College of Pennsylvania in 1840; 
Iti J 841 was elected (Jler'k of tlie State 
House of Ucspresentatives; was a Repre- 
HCMitative in (Congress, from rtMinsyivania, 
from I84;j to 1847; and was (Jliairinan in 
]8'18of tlie State (jentral (Jommittee of 
]'ennHylva,nia. In 184!) lie was !i,ppointed, 
by l'r(!sid(!nt Taylor, the llrst Tftrritorial 
(iov<!rnor of Miiin(;Hf)ta, holding the rWliee 
until 185.'), during which service he took 
part in 181!) in negotiating a ti'eaty at 
Mendola for the extinction <d' the title of 
the Sioux liJilf-hreeds to the lands on 1/ike 
]'ei)in; and in 1851 he n(;gotiated another 
treaty witii the Sioux nation, by which tlu; 
government acquired all the liiiids in Min- 
nesota west of the JVIississipiii Uiver, and 
0|)ened that Stiite to the la,rge population 
now s(!i.tied there; and also made a treaty 
With tlie Chippiiwa Indians on McA Uiver, 
Which he followed up with another in 
180;5. In 1855 he was Mayor of the City 
of St. Taiil, and was electerl Governor of 
the State of Minn<;sota in 1858, continuing 
In that ofIlc(! until 1802. In 18f;;{ he was 
clect(!d a Senator in (Jongress, from Min- 
nesota, for tlie term ending in 18G!), serv- 
ing on the (Jommittees on Naval Affairs, 
Post (>lIie(!H and J'ost Roads, Patents and 
the Patent Odlce, lOxpenses in the Senate, 
I'acidc Railroad, and as (Jhairman of the 
(Committee on Revolutionary J'ensions, 
and of those also on R(!Volutionary Claims, 
Post Ollice and Post Road», and Territo- 
ries. Me was also a member of the Na- 
tional Committee appointed to accompany 
the remains of President Lincoln to 
Illinois. 

Jlamney, WilUam.—Tiornnt Ster- 
rett's (iap, Cumlierland ('ounty, Pennsyl- 
vania, September 7, 177!). In IHO'.i "he 
was appolnti'd Surveyor of his native 
county, an oltlco held by his father during 
tlio Jievolutlon; and he also Jield the 



offices of Prothonotary, Register, Record- 
er, aiifl Clerk of the Orphan's (Jourt; 
studied la,w, anrl prsictised with suf-rjess. 
Ill 1820 he was elected a member of Con- 
gress, from Pennsylvania; re-elected in 
1828 and 18i'>0, and died in Sopteuiber, 
181) 1, at Carlisle, Pennsylvania. 

Ilamney, William /S.— Bom in Oar- 
lisif;, Penii-tylvania, .luiie 12, 1810; was 
(iducated at l)ickifison Oillege, but, on ac- 
count fif bad health, did not graduate; he 
travelled In Eiirop*! ; was an attache to the 
American Legation in London, and formed 
the ac'iuaintanceof Walter Scottand (gen- 
eral Lafayette; returning to Carlisle, he 
was admitted to the bar in 1 8:52 ; elected a 
Representative to (Congress in 18.'58; re- 
elected in 1840, but died in IJaltimore, 
October 17, 184.0, a few weeks after lils 
election. 

JtandfiU, Alexander.— lid was born 
in Maryland, and was a Representative in 
(Jongress, from that Stat(;, from 184.1 to 
184)}, H«!rving on the Couunlttee on the 
District of Columbia. 

llfindall, Itenjaniin.—lh; was bom 

in Massacliusetts in 1780; graduated at 
Howdoin (Jollege in 180!) ; studied law, and 
was admitted to the bar in 1814, and com- 
meiieed practice in IJath, Maine, wliere he 
resided forty-live years. IIj; was a mem- 
ber of th(! State Senate in 18.'}.'5, and a Rep- 
resentative! in (/Oiigress, from Maine, from 
18;»!) to 1841), and a member of thi! Oim- 
mittee on Invalid Pensions. lie was 
ap|)olnted, by President Taylor, (Jolhsctor 
of tli(! Port of Rath, and died at that place, 
October 14, 1857. 

Randall, Samuel ./.—Was born in 
Philad(;lphia in 1828; educated in that 
city; was brought U|)a merchant, and has 
ever been engaged in that pursuit; served 
four years in tlie (Jouncils of his native 
city; one term in tlie State Senate; and in 
1802 he was elected a Ri^presentative, from 
Pennsylvania, to tiie Tliirty-eigiith Con- 
gress, serving on tlie Committee on Public 
P.nildlngs and (irounds. Re-elected to the 
Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the 
Committfics on IJankiiig and (Jurrency, 
and Lxpenditures in the State Department, 
and Retrenchment. Re-elected to the 
Fortieth ('ongress, serving on the Com- 
mittees on Retrenchment and on the Assas- 
sination of President Lincoln, as well as 
his old comuiittecH. 

Randall, William JT.— Was born In 
Kentucky; studied law, and came to the 
bar in 18;55; in 18:i0 was appointed Clerk 
of the (/ircuit and (>'ounty Court of Laurel 
County, which position lie held until 1851; 
after the adoption of tlie State Constitu- 
tion, he held the office one year by election ; 
and was elected a Repnisentative, from 
Kentucky, to the Thii-ty-elghth Congress, 



BIOGBAPniCAL RECOIiDS. 



317 



serving on the Committee on Foreign 
Affairs. Re-elected to the Thirty-ninth 
Conjrress, serving on the Committee on 
Foreign Affairs, and Expenditures on the 
Puljlic Buildings. He was also a Delegate 
to the Philadelphia "Loyalists' Conven- 
tion" of 1806. 

Mantlolph, Edmund.— Ke was a 

native of Virginia; was an eminent law- 
yer, and a \varm supporter of the Revolu- 
tion. He was a Delegate to the Continental 
Congress, from "Virginia, from 1779 to 
1783; in 1787 was a member of the Con- 
vention which formed the Constitution of 
the United States, but voted against its 
adoption. In 1788 was Governor of Vir- 
ginia. In 1789 was Attornej'-Geueral of 
the United States, and in 179i was Secre- 
tary of State ; but. engaging in an intrigue 
with the French Minister, he lost the con- 
fidence of the cabinet and resigned in 
1795. He died September 12, 1813. 

Randolph, 'James J?'.— Born in Mid- 
dlesex County, Xew Jersey, June 20, 1791 ; 
received a common-school education: 
served an apprenticeship to the printing 
business, and became editor of the "Fre- 
doniu," a weekly newspaper, in 1812, and 
continued in that capacity for thirty years. 
He was appointed Collector of the Internal 
Revenue of the United States in ISIj, and 
held that ofQce till the close of the war in 
Texas. He was subsequentlj' Clerk of the 
Court of Common Pleas for his native 
county, and for two years a member of 
the State Legislature. He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from 1828 to 1833, 
and was afterwards President of a bank 
in Xew Brunswick, New Jersey, for ten 
years. 

Randolph, John, of Roanoke.— 

He was born in Chesterfield, Virginia, 
June 2, 1773, and claimed descent, through 
his grandmother, from Pocahontas, the 
daughter of Powhatan, the great Indian 
chief. His father died in 177.5, leaving 
three sons and a large estate; and his 
mother was married in 1783 to St. George 
Tucker, who was his guardian during his 
minority. His early life was spent at dif- 
ferent places, under different instructors, 
of most of whom he said " he never 
learned anything." He passed a short time 
at Princeton College, Columbia College, 
and at William and Mary College; and for 
a time he studied law with Edmund Ran- 
dolph. He was elected a Representative 
in Congress, in 1799, and he continued a 
member of the House of Representatives, 
with the exception of two intervals of two 
years each, until 1829 ; in that year he was 
a member of the Convention to revise the 
Constitution of Virginia, and he was after- 
wards appointed Minister Plenipotentiary 
to Russia, by President Jackson, in 1830. 
During one of the intervals alluded to, 
from 1825 to 1827, he was a Senator of the 



United States. He was never raarned. and 
was possessed of a large estate on the 
Roanoke. He died at Piiiladelpliia, May 
2-1, 1833, while about to depart f^r Europe 
for the restoration of his feeble health. 
He was di.-stinguished alike for his genius, 
his effective elo(iuence, and for many ec- 
centricities of thought and manner. 

Randolph, Joseph Fitz. —'Qom in 
1803, in New Jersey, and obtained an 
ordinary school education, after which he 
studied lasv, and was licensed to practise 
in 1825 ; he settled at Monmouth Court- 
house, and was appointed State's Attorney 
for the county. He was a Representative 
in Congress, from 1837 to 1843, and during 
one terra he was Chairman of the Com- 
mittee on Revolutionary Claims. In 181'!: 
he was a member of the Convention which 
framed the State Constitution; and in 1845 
was appointed a Judge of the Supreme 
Court of New Jersey, for seven years, 
after which he resumed the practice of his 
profession at Trenton, where he now re- 
sides. He was also a member of the 
" Peace Congress" of 1801. 

Randolph, Peyton.— lie was a na- 
tive of Virginia, and one of the most dis- 
tinguished la^vyer3 and patriots of that 
State. In 1750 he was appointed Icing's 
Attorney for the Colony of Virginia, and 
held the office for many years. In 1700 he 
was elected Speaker of the House of Bur- 
gesses. In 1773 was a member of the 
Committee on Correspondence ; was a 
Delegate to the Continental Congress from 
1774 to 1775, and was President of that 
body. He died suddenly in Virginia, Oc- 
tober 22, 1775, aged fiftj'-two. 

Randolph, Thomas JJ.— He was a 
native of Virginia; Governor of that 
State ; and a Representative in Congress 
from 1803 to 1807 ; and died at Monticello, 
June 20, 1828. 

Rankin, CJtristopTter. — He was 
born in Washington County;Pennsylvania, 
and was a Representative in Congress, 
from Mississippi, from 1819 to 1820. Died 
March 14, 1820, in Washington City. 

Rantoul, Robert. — Born in Beverly, 
Massachusetts, May 13, 1805. He grad- 
uated at Harvard University in 1820; 
studied law ; was admitted to the bar in 
1827, and settled in practice in South 
Reading, and removed to Gloucester in 
1832 ; was elected to the State Legislature 
in 1834, and in 1837 a member of the 
Massachusetts Board of Education. la 
1838 he removed to Boston, and in 1843 
was appointed Collector of that port; in 
1845 was appointed, by President Polk, 
United States District Attorney for Mas- 
sachusetts ; in 1851 succeeded Mr. Webster 
in the United States Senate, but remained 
there only a short time ; and wa.s a liepre- 



313 



BIOaBAPHICAL BECOBDS. 



sentative in Congress from 1851 to the 
time of his death, which occurred at 
Washington, August 7, 1852. His writ- 
ings have since been published in a large 
volume. 

Marideuy James. — He was a native 
of Kentucky, and was an early settler of 
the White Water Valley, Indiana; he was 
self-educated, and became eminent as a 
lawyer. He was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from Indiana, from 1837 to 1841, 
and died at Cambridge City, in that State. 

Mathhun, Creorge. — He was born in 
New York, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1843 to 
1847. 

Maum,, Green B,—Re was born in 
Golconda, Pope County, Illinois, Decem- 
ber 3, 1829 ; received a good education aud 
adopted the profession of the law ; in 18G1 
he participated in the war for the Union 
as Major of the Fifty-sixth Illinois Volun- 
teers ; was promoted to the rank of Col- 
onel iu 1862 ; to the rank of Brevet Briga- 
dier-General in 1864 ; to the fall rauk^of 
Brigadier in 1865, serving in the army of 
the Tennessee until January of the latter 
year; he commanded a brigade during the 
siege of Vicksburg, with General, McPher- 
son ; went with General Sherman to Chat- 
tanooga in 1863, commanding a brigade ; 
was at the battle of Mission Ridge, and 
commanded a brigade during the great 
march through Georgia to Savannali, in 
1864. In 1866 he was elected a Represent- 
ative, from Illinois, to the Fortieth Con- 
gress, serving on the Committees on 
Mileage, and Military Affairs. 

Maipuond, Senry «J.— He was born 
in Lima, Livingston County, New York, 
January 24, 1820. As a boy he worked 
upon his father's farm in summer, and 
attended school in winter; became a 
teacher in a district school when sixteen 
years of age ; graduated at the University 
of Vermont in 1840 ; soon afterwards re- 
moved to New York City, and, while study- 
ing law, taught the classics and wrote for 
the " New Yorker ; " in 1841 he became the 
managing editor of the New York" Trib- 
une," and did much for its reputation, and 
subsequently became the leading editor of 
the New York " Courier and Enquirer," 
performing, at the same time, the duties 
of reader for the firm of Harper & Broth- 
ers. In 1849 he was elected to the State 
Assembly; was re-elected and made 
Speaker, and, relinquishing his position 
on the " Courier " on account of his health, 
travelled in Europe. On his return in 
1851 he established the New York "Times," 
which was eminently successful ; in 1852 
he attended the "Baltimore Convention" 
as a reporter, but became a delegate, and 
took an important part in its proceedings ; 
iu 1856 he became a leader in the Republi- 



can party ; was subsequently chosen Lieu- 
tenant-Governor of New York; was a 
Delegate to the " Chicago Convention" 
of 1860; was again elected to the State 
Legislature, and in 1864 he was elected a 
Representative, from New York; to the 
Thirtj'-ninth Congress, serving oa the 
Committees on Appropriations, on RrJes, 
aud Foreign Affairs; and as Chairman or 
a Special Committee on the Ventilation 
of the Hall of Representatives. He visit- 
ed Erirope a se^,ond time, and wrote a 
series of war letters, which attracted 
much attention ; and in 1865 he publislied 
a "Life of Abraham Lincoln," including a 
Jiistory of his administration, which was 
subsequently amplified and published as 
the "Life, Public Services, and State 
Papers of Abraham Lincoln." He was also 
a Delegate to the Philadelphia " National 
Convention" of 1866. 

Mayner, KetinetJh.—Bora in Bertie 
County, North Carolina, in 1808; re- 
ceived an academical education; and, 
though he studied law, he did not prac- 
tise. He entered public life, in 1835, as a 
member of the House of Commons, and 
the same year was a member of the Con- 
vention to revise the State Constitution. 
He served again in the local Legisla- 
ture in 1836 and 1838, and was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from 1839 to 1845, 
and a Presidential Elector in 1848. In 
1846 he went for the third time into the 
Legislature. In 1866 he published the 
"Life and Services of Andrew Johnson." 

Rea, John. — He was a Representa- 
tive in Congress, from Pennsylvania, from 
1803 to 1811, and again from 1813 to 1815. 

Mead, Ahnon If.— He was born in 
Shelburne, Vermont, June 12, 1790; grad- 
uated at Williamstown College; studied 
law, and, removing to Pennsylvania, was 
frequently elected to the State Legisla- 
ture ; also to the Senate ; in 1840 was ap- 
pointed Treasurer of the State; and in 
1841 was elected to fill a vacancy in the 
National House of Representatives, and 
re-elected to the succeeding Congress. 
Died at Montrose, Pennsylvania, June 3, 
1844. Healso wasamemberof the "State 
Constitutional Convention" of 1836. 

Mead, George. — Born in Cecil Coun- 
ty, Maryland, in 1733, but, with his father, 
removed to New Castle County, Delaware. 
He was educated for the law, and was ad- 
mitted to the bar in Philadelphia at the 
age of nineteen, and practised his profes- 
sion in New Castle ; was made Attorney- 
General of the three lower counties on the 
Delaware in 1763, and held the office until 
he was chosen a Delegate to Congress in 
1775. In 1776 he was a signer of the Dec- 
laration of Independence. He was Pres- 
ident of the Convention which formed the 
first Constitution of Delaware, and also a 



BIOGBArniOAL EECOnDS. 



319 



member of the Convention which framed 

I the Federal Constitution, and signed that 

! instrument; and was elected a member of 

j the United States Senate, serviug from 

1789 to 1793. He was then appointed 

Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of 

Delawai'e, in which office he remained 

^ until his death, in 1798. He was one of 

I those who voted for locating the Seat of 

Government on the Potomac. 

Read, J. — He was a Delegate from 

} Penusj'lvania, to the Continental Con- 
gress, in 1787 and 1788. 

Head, Jacob. — He was a Delegate to 
the Continental Congress, from South 
: Carolina, from 1783 "to 1786; elected a 
, Senator in Congress, from that State, for 
I the term from 1795 to 1802, serving a 
I short time as President pro tern, of that 
bod.v, and was appointed, by President 
Adams, Judge of the United States Dis- 
trict Court of South Carolina, in 1801. 

Mead, Nathan. — Born in Essex 

- County, Massachusetts, in 1760; gradu- 

' ated at Harvard University in 1781, and 

] two years afterwards officiated as tutor in 

j that institution. He was a Representa- 

'■ tive ill Congress, from Massachusetts, 

: from 1800 to 1803, having succeeded S. Sea- 

i well; and, having removed to Hallowell, 

I Maine, was for many years Judge of the 

j Court of Common Pleas. He was devoted 

i to science, and a petitioner for a patent 

I for an invention, before the patent laws 

; were enacted; and, before the time of 

' Fulton's experiments, he had tried the 

i effect of steam upon a boat in Wenham 

I Pond. He died at Hallowell, January 20, 

' 1849. 

Read, Thomas B,—Re was a Sena- 
tor in Congress, from Mississippi, from 
I 1826 to 1827, and also during the session 
of 1829, and died suddenly on his way to 
' "Washington, at Lexington, Kentucky, 
j November 26, 1829. He was in the me- 
ridian of life, and a man of talents. 

Reade, Edwin G. — Born in Orange 
County, North Carolina, November 13, 
1812; he had a liberal education ; studied 
law, and was admitted to the bar in 1836, 
in Person County, and engaged in a lu- 
crative practice. He was elected a Rep- 
resentative in Congress in 1855, serving 
until 1857. He was a member and Presi- 
dent of the " Reconstruction Convention," 
held in Raleigh, North Carolina, in 1865. 

Ready, Charles. —Born at Ready- 
ville, Rutherford County, Tennessee, De- 
cember 22, 1802. He graduated at Green- 
ville College, and received from the Nash- 
ville University the degree of Master of 
Arts. He was bred a lawyer, and has 
practised Ins profession with success. He 
was a member of the Tennessee Legisla- 



ture in 1835, and closely identified with 
the organization of the Juiliciary. By 
special commission he has twice presided 
in tiie Supreme Court of Tennessee, and 
was elected a Representative in Congress, 
from that State, in 1853, to which posi- 
tion he has been twice re-elected, and was 
a member of the Committee on the Judi- 
ciary. Took part in the Rebellion. 

Reagan, John JBT.— Born in Sevier 
County, Tennessee, October 8, 1818; a 
lawyer by profession; was appointed 
Deputy Surveyor in the Republic of 
Texas, in 1840; and in 1843 was a Justice 
of the Peace and Militia Captain ; in 1846, 
Probate Judge and Colonel of Militia; and 
elected a member of the Legislature in 
1847 ; was a Judge of the District Court 
from 1852 to 1857, when he was elected a 
member of the Thirty-flfth Congress, serv- 
ing on the Committees on Indian Affaiis 
and Expenditures in the Post Office De- 
partment. Re-elected to the Thirty-sixth 
Congress; withdrew in February, 1861, 
and became Postmaster-General of the 
Rebel Government. He was subsequently 
confined as a Prisoner of State in Fort 
Warren, and released by order of Presi- 
dent Johnson. 

Reding, John 22.— He was born in 
New Hampshire, and was a Representa- 
tive in Congress, from that State, from 
1841 to 1845. From 1853 to 1858 he held 
the office of Naval Storekeeper at Ports- 
mouth. 

Reed, Charles ilif.— He was born in 
Pennsylvania, and was a Representative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1848 to 
1845. 

Reed, Edward C— He was a native 
of New York; graduated at Dartmouth 
College in 1812 ; and was a Representative 
in Congress, from New York, from 1831 
to 1833. 

Reed, Isaac—Born in Waldoboi*- 
ough, Maine, in 1810; was a merchant by 
occupation ; and a Representative in Con- 
gress, from Maine, from 1852 to 1853. He 
served six years in the State Legislature; 
was State Treasurer in 1856 ; and Presi- 
dent of the Waldoborough Bank. 

Reed, John. — Born in Plymouth 
County, Massachusetts ; graduated at Yale 
College in 1772; was ordained as a minis- 
ter of the Gospel in 1780, and settled at 
West Bridgewater, Massachusetts. He 
was a Representative in Congress, from 
that State, from 1795 to 1801. He died 
February 17, 1831, aged eighty years. 

Reed, John.— Tie was a native of 
Bridgewater, Massachusetts, having been 
born in 1781; was a graduate of Brown 
University, in 1803; a lawyer by profes- 



320 



BIOaHAPHICAL BECOBDS. 



sion ; and a Representative In Congress, 
from Massachusetts, from 1813 to 1817, 
and again from 1821 to 1841. He was the 
son of the foregoing, and was Lieutenant- 
Governor of Mij,ssachusetts from 1844 to 
1851. Died at Bridgewater, November 25, 
1860. 

Meed, J'osepJi, — Born in New Jersey, 
August 27, 1741; graduated at Princeton 
College in 1757 ; studied law at the Tem- 
ple in London; in 1774 he was one of the 
Committee of Correspondence in Pliiladel- 
phia; was President of the first popular 
Convention in Pennsylvania; accompanied 
Washington as an Aid when he went to 
Cambridge, and remained with the Gen- 
eral through the campaign ; in 1776 he was 
appointed Adjutant-General of the army; 
he was appointed a General of Cavalry, 
but declined the position, though he was 
present at the battle of Germantown. He 
was a Delegate to the Continental Con- 
gress, from 1777 to 1778, and a signer of 
the Articles of Confederation ; was Pres- 
ident of Pennsylvania in the latter year, 
continuing in the office until 1781, when 
he resumed the practice of law. In 1784 
he visited England for his health, but 
without happy results, and he died March 
4, 1785. An attempt to bribe him was 
made by the British, but it was treated 
with the utmost scorn. 

Meed, Philip. — He was born in Kent 
County, Maryland; and was a Senator in 
Congress, from Maryland, from 1806 to 
1813, and a Representative in Congress, 
from 1817 to 1819, and again from 1821 to 
1823. He died November 2, 1829. 

Meed, Mobert M.— Tle was born in 
PeuDsylvania; studied medicine and prac- 
tised the profession; served one or two 
terms in the Legislature of Pennsylvania; 
and was a Representative in Congress, 
from that State, from 1849 to 1851. Died 
at Harrisburg, December 15, 1864. 

Meed, William. — He was a native 
of Massachusetts, an eminent merchant, 
and highly esteemed for his benevolent 
and religious character. He was a mem- 
ber of Congress, from Massachusetts, 
from 1811 tol815; was President of the 
Sabbath-school Union of Massachusetts, 
and of the American Tract Society ; Vice- 
President of the American Education So- 
ciety; a member of the Board of Visitors 
of the Theological Seminary at Andover, 
and of the Board of Trustees of Dart- 
mouth College. Besides liberal bequests 
to heirs and relatives, he left $68,000 to 
benevolent objects, of which f 17,000 were 
to Dartmouth College, $10,000 to Amherst 
College, $10,000 to the Board of Commis- 
sioners for Foreign Missions, $9,000 to 
the First Church and Society in Marble- 
head, $7,000 to the Second Congregation- 
al Church of Marblehead, and $5,000 to 



the Library of the Theological Seminary at 
Andover. He died at Marbleliead, Feb- 
ruary 18, 1887, verv suddenly, while attend- 
ing a Sabbath-school meeting. 

Meese, David A.— He was born in 
South Carolina, and was a Representative 
in Congress, from Georgia, from 1853 to 
1855. 

Meid, David S. — Born in Rockingham 
County, North Carolina, April 19, 1813. 
He studied law, and was admitted to prac- 
tice in 1843 ; he was elected to the State 
Legislature in 1835, and sex'ved continu- 
ously until 1842. In 1843 he was elected 
a Representative in Congress, from North 
Carolina, serving that terra; and was re- 
elected in 1845 for a second terra ; he was, 
in 1850, elected Governor of North Caro- 
lina, and re-elected in 1852, serving until 
1855, when he was elected a Senator in 
Congress for four years. He was Chair- 
man of the Comraittee on Patents and the 
Patent Office, and a member of the Com- 
mittee on Commerce. He was also elect- 
ed a Delegate to the " Peace Congress " of 
1861. 

Meid, John W. — Was born in Lynch- 
burg, Virginia, June 14, 1821; 'received a 
good English education ; removed to Mis- 
souri in 1840; studied law and came to 
the bar in 1844; served with credit in the 
Mexican war in 1846, as Captain of a com- 
pany of mounted Volunteers, with Colonel 
Doniphan; settled in Jackson County, 
practising his profession; served two ses- 
sions in the Missouri Legislature ; and was 
elected a Representative, from Missouri, 
to the Thirty-seventh Congress. Ex- 
pelled from the House in December, 1861. 

Meid, Mobert M.—Tle was born in 
Beaufort District, South Carolina, in 1789 ; 
removed early in life to Georgia; was a 
Representative in Congress, from that 
State, from 1818 to 1823; was elected 
Mayor of Augusta, on his retirement from 
Congress ; was also a Judge of the Supe- 
rior Court of Georgia ; was appointed, in 
1832, by President Jackson, District Judge 
for Eastern Florida; and was appointed, 
by President Van Buren, Governor of the 
Territory of Florida, from 1839 to 1841 ; 
and was a member of the Convention 
which formed a State Constitution for 
Florida, over which body he presided in a 
creditable manner. He died near Talla- 
hassee, July 1, 1844. 

Meilly, Wilson.— Bow in Pennsyl- 
vania; followed for a time the business 
of a hatter ; and was elected a Represent- 
ative in Congress, in 1857, from Pennsyl- 
vania, serving as a member of the Com- 
mittee on Patents. Of late years he has 
been devoted to the practice of law. 

Meily, Luther ^ — B.e was bom in 



BIOGBAPHICAL BECOBDS. 



321 



Pennsylvania, and Avas a Eepresentative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1837 to 
1839. 

Itelfe, James S. — He was born in 
Virginia, and, liaviug settled in Missouri, 
■was elected a Representative in Congress, 
from that State, from 1843 to 1847. 

BencJier, Abraham.— Born in Wake 
County, North Carolina, and in 1822 grad- 
uated at the University of that State. He 
practised law for a time, but, taking an 
iuterest in politics, w^as elected to Con- 
gress, where he served from 1829 to 1839, 
and again from 18-11 to 1842; Charge 
d'Affaires to Portugal in 1843 ; and he was 
appointed, by President Buchanan, Gov- 
ernor of the Territory of New Mexico. 

Reynolds, Gideon.— ^q was born 
In New York, and was a Eepresentative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1847 to 
1851. 

Reynolds, James B. — He was a 

Eepresentative in Congress, from Tennes- 
see, from 1815 to 1817, and again from 
1823 to 1825. 

Reynolds, John. — He was born in 
Montgomery County, Pennsylvania, Feb- 
ruary 28, 1788 ; and was a Representative 
in Congress, from Illinois, from 1835 to 
1837, and again from 1839 to 1843. Before 
entering Congress he was Governor of 
Illinois from 1830 to 1834. Died at Belle- 
vUle, Illinois, May 8, 1865. 

Reynolds, John fl".— Born in Mo- 

reau, Saratoga, County, New York, June 
21, 1819; received his education at the 
academies of Evausville, Sandy Hill, and 
Kinderhook, New York, and was also at 
Bennington, Vermont ; studied law, and 
was admitted to the bar in 1843 ; in 1853 
was appointed Postmaster at Albany by 
President Pierce, but removed in 1854 for 
insubordination as a party man ; and in 
1858 was elected a Representative, from 
New Y'ork, to the Thirty-sixth Congress, 
serving as a member of the Committee 
on the Judiciary. 

Reynolds, Joseph.^ — He was born 
in New York, and was a Eepresentative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1835 to 
1837. He also .served in the Assembly of 
that State in 1819. 

Rhea, John. — He was a Eepresenta- 
tive in Congress, from Tennessee, from 
1808 to 1815"", and from 1817 to 1823. In 
1816 he was appointed United States Com- 
missioner to treat with the Choctaws. 
Died May 27, 1832, aged seventy-nine 
years. 

RJiett, Robert Barmvell.—Tie was 

born in Beauloj't, South Carolina, Decem- 
21 



ber 24, 1800; received a liberal education, 
and adopted the profession of law ; in 
1826 he was elected to the State Legisla- 
ture, and in 1832 he was elected Attorney- 
General of South Carolina; and was a 
Eepresentative in Congress from 1838 to 
1847, and for a second term ending in 
1849 ; and was a Senator in Congress dur- 
ing the years 1820, 1851, and a part of 
1852, having resigned contrary to the 
wishes of his State. He is said to liave 
been the first man who proposed, and ad- 
vocated, on the floor of Congress, a disso- 
lution of the Union. Of late years he 
has lived wholly retired from public life 
on an extensive plantation. He took part 
in the Eebellion of 1861, as a member of 
the Confederate Congress. 

Rhodes, Samuel.— Tie was a Dele- 
gate, from Pennsylvania, to the Conti- 
nental Congress, from 1774 to 1775. 

Ricaud, James B. — Born in Balti- 
more, Maryland, February 11, 1808; grad- 
uated at Washington College, Maryland, 
and was a lawyer by profession; was a 
member of the House of Delegates of 
Maryland in 1834, and of the State Sen- 
ate of Maryland from 1836 to 1844, in- 
clusive ; was an Elector of President and 
Vice-President in 1836 and 1844; and a 
Eepresentative in the Thirty-fourth and 
Thirty-fifth Congresses, serving on the 
Committee on Manufactures, and also that 
for Investigating the Accounts of a late 
Clerk of the House. In 1864 he resigned 
his seat in the Maryland Senate, and was 
appointed Judge of the Circuit Court. 
Died at Chestertowu, Maryland, January 
24, 1866. 

Rice, Alexander JEE. — Born in New- 
ton, Massachusetts, in August, 1818 ; re- 
ceived a common-school education ; served 
in his father's paper-mill as a clcik while 
yet a mere boy; subsequently graduated 
at Union College in 1844, after which he 
entered on his own account into the pa- 
per business; in 1853 was elected to the 
Common Council of Boston, and became 
the President of that body ; was Mayor of 
Boston in 1856 and 1857 ; and was elected 
a Eepresentative, from Massachusetts, to 
the Thirty-sixth Congress, serving on the 
Committee on the District of Columbia. 
Ee-elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress, 
serving on the Committees on Naval Af- 
fairs, and on Expenditures in the Treasury 
Department. Ee-elected to the Thirty- 
eighth Congress, serving as Chairman of 
the Committee on Naval Afl"airs, in which 
capacity he introduced a large number of 
important measures. Also re-elected to 
the Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the 
Committee on Unfinished Business, and 
again at the head of the Committee ou 
Naval AflTairs. He was also a Delegate to 
the Philadelphia " Loyalists' Convention" 
of 1866. 



322 



BIOGBAPHICAL BEC0BD8. 



Mice, Meiiry JH".— He was born in 

Vermont, November 29, 1816; emigrated 
to Micliigan when it was a Territory, and 
since that time has lived in three other 
Territories, viz., Iowa, Wisconsin, and 
Minnesota, — much of his life having been 
spent among the wild Indian tribes of the 
North-west; in 1840 he was appointed a 
Sutler in the army; has been employed as 
Commissioner in making many Indian 
ti'eaties of great importance ; in 1853 he 
was elected a Delegate to Congress from 
Minnesota; re-elected in 1S55, having 
secured the passage of the act authorizing 
the people of Minnesota to form a State 
Constitution; and in 1857 he was elected 
a Senator in Congress, from Minnesota, 
for the term of six years. At the com- 
mencement of the second session of the 
Thirty- fifth Congress he was appointed a 
member of the Committees on Indian 
Affairs, and on Post Offices and PpstEoads. 
He was also a delegate to the Philadel- 
phia ''National Union Couveution" of 
1866. 

JRice, J'oJm H.—Born in Mount Ver- 
non, Kennebec County, Maine, Pebruary 
5, 1816; received a good common-school 
CLJucation; between the years 1832 and 
1838 he held a variety of local offices at 
Augusta; devoted some attention to the 
study of law; served as a Staff Officer 
daring the troubles connected with the 
North-eastern boundary ; in 1840 was ap- 
pointed Deputy Sheriff of Kennebec Coun- 
ty; in 1812 settled in Piscataquis County, 
aud devoted himself to the lumbering 
business until 1848 ; subsequently prac- 
tised law; in 1852 was elected a State At- 
torney for three years ; and, having been 
re-elected, held the office until he was 
chosen a Representative, from Maine, to 
the Thirt3'-seventh Congress, serving on 
the Committees on Revolutionary Claims, 
and on Patents. Re-elected to the Thirty- 
eighth Congress, serving as Chairman of 
the Committee on Public Buildings and 
Grounds, a member of the Committee on 
the Territories, and as Chai rman of the 
Special Committee on Frontier Defences. 
Ee-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, 
continuing on the same committees. He 
was also a Delegate to the Philadelphia 
" Loj^alists' Convention " of 1866. In 
February, 1867, he was appointed, by Pres- 
ident Johnson, Collector of the port of 
Bangor, Maine. 

Rice, Thomas. — He graduated at 
Harvard University in 1791; adopted the 
profession of law; was in the State Legis- 
lature in 1813; was a Representative in 
Congress, from Massachusetts, from 1815 
to 1819 ; and died in 1854. 

Rich, Charles. — ^He was born in 

Hampshire County Massachusetts, in 
1771, and was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from Vermont, from 1813 to 1815 



and again from 1817 to 1824. He died at 
Shoreham, Vermont, October 15, 1824. 

Michard, Gabriel.— Tie was a Ro- 
man Catholic Priest, and a man of learn- 
ing. He was born at Salutes, in France, 
October 15, 1764; was educated at An- 
glers ; received oi'ders at a Catholic Semi- 
nary, in Paris, in 1790; came to America 
in 1798; was for a time Professor of 
Mathematics in St. Mary's College, Mary- 
land; labored in Illinois as a missionary; 
went to Detroit, Michigan, in l799, whence 
he was sent as a Delegate to Congress in 
1823. He died in Detroit, September 13, 
1832. During his ministry, it became his 
duty, according to the Roman Catholic 
religion, to excommunicate one of his 
parishioners, who had been divorced from 
his wife. The parishioner prosecuted the 
priest for defamation of character, which 
resulted in his obtaining a verdict of one 
thousand dollars. This money the priest 
could not pay, aud was consequently im- 
prisoned in the common jail; as he had 
already been elected a Delegate to Con- 
gress, he went from his prison in the Avilds 
of Michigan to his seat on the floor of 
Congress. In 1809 he visited Boston, and 
took a printing-press to Michigan, and 
started a journal called the "Michigan 
Essay," which failed for the Avant of read- 
ers; he then published some Roman Cath- 
olic books, and the laws of the Territory, 
all in French; in 1812, after Hull's sur- 
render, he was taken prisoner, and, after 
his release, finding his people destitute, 
purchased wheat and gave it to the desti- 
tute. He Avrote several languages, and 
was a man of superior ability and rare 
benevolence. 

Richards, Jacob. — He was a Repre- 
sentative in ConsTess, from Pennsylvania, 
from 1803 to 1809. 

Richards, John. — He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Pennsylvania, 
from 1795 to 1797. 

Richards, John. — He was a member 
of the New York Assembly in 1814 and 
1815 ; and a Representative in Congress, 
from that State, from 1823 to 1825. 

Richards, MarTc. — He was born in 
New Haven, Connecticut ; and was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from Vermont, 
from 1817 to 1821. He was also a member 
of the State Legislature for eight years; 
County Sheriff for five years; a State 
Councillor in 1813 and 1815; and Lieuten- 
ant-Governor of Vermont in 1830. 

Richards, 3IaUhias.—He was born 
in 1757 ; was a Judge of Berks County, 
Pennsylvania, from 1788 to 1797; and a 
Representative in Conijress, from Penn- 
sylvania, from 1807 to 1811. Died in 1830. 



BIOGIiAPIIICAL MEG0RD8. 






Micharclson, John J*. — He gradu- 
ated at the South CaroUua College in 1819 ; 
was a Judge ; a member of the House of 
Represeutatives la Congress, from South 
Carolina, from 1837 to ISW; Governor of 
that State from 1840 to 1842; and died in 
South Carolina in 1850. 

Mlchardson, John S. — Bora in 

South Carolina in 1777, and died at 
Charleston, May 11, 1850. He was an As- 
sociate Judge of the General Sessions, of 
the Common Pleas, and Presiding Judge 
of the Court of Appeals ; and was elected 
a member of Congress in 1820, but, owing 
to some exigency in his private aflfairs, he 
was not qualified. He was also a member 
of the State Legislature, and Attorney- 
General for the State of South Carolina. 

■ 
JRichardson, tJosep^.— BornatBil- 
lerlca, Massachusetts, February 1, 1778 ; 
graduated at Dartmouth College in 1802; 
and was a Eepresentatlve in Congress, 
from Massachusetts, from 1827 to 1831. 
He was senior Pastor over the First 
Church at Hingham, Massachusetts, for 
flfty years. 

JHchardson, William A . —Born in 

Fayette County, Kentucky; graduated at 
the Traixsylvanla Univetslty ; studied law, 
and came to the bar before attaining his 
twentieth year, and soon after settled in 
Hllnois. In 1835 he was elected State 
Attorney; in 1836 a member of the State 
Legislature ; in 1838 he was elected to the 
State Senate; and in 1844 was again 
elected to the Legislature, and made 
Speaker of the House ; and was chosen a 
Presidential Elector in 1844. In 1846 he 
served as Captain in the Mexican war, and 
on the battle-field of Buena Vista was pro- 
moted by the unanimous vote of his regi- 
ment; in 1847 he was elected a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Illinois, where 
he continued to serve, by re-election, until 
1856, when he resigned ; in 1857 he was 
appointed, by President Buchanan, Gover- 
nor of Nebraska, which he resigned in 
1858 ; in 1860 he was, against his consent, 
re-elected tothe House of Representatives, 
but before the expiration of his term, in 
1863, was elected a Senator in Congress, 
from Illinois, for the unexpired term of 
his friend, S. A. Douglas, serving on the 
Committees on Territories and the Dis- 
trict of Columbia. 

Michardson, William M. — He was 

born in Pelham, New Hampshire, January 
4, 1774, and graduated at the University 
of Cambridge in 1797. He practised law 
for a few years at Groton, Massachusetts ; 
and was a member of Congress, from that 
State, from 1811 to 1814, when he re- 
signed. He removed to Portsmouth, New 
Hampshire, in 1814, and was appointed 
Chief Justice in 1816; and he discharged 
the duties of the office with high reputa- 



tion nearly twenty-two years. lie was a 
man of dlstuiguished talents, great indus- 
try, and extensive acquirements, and high- 
ly respected for his integrity and estimable 
character. He was the author of "The 
New Hampshire Justice," and" The Town 
Officer." A considerable portion of the 
first and second volumes of the " New 
Hampshire Reports" was drawn up by the 
Chief Justice; nearly all the cases of the 
third, fourth, and fifth were furnished by 
him ; and of the matter foi', perhaps, four 
volumes more, he prepared a large share. 
He died at Chester, New Hampshire, 
March 23, 1838. 

Michmond, Jonathan. — He was 

born in Bristol, Massachusetts, in 1774; 
was one of the pioneers of Western New 
York in 1813 ; was once Collector of the 
Customs for the United States; and a 
Representative in Congress, from New 
York, from 1819 to 1821. He died in Ca- 
yuga, New York, July 29, 1853. 

Middle, Albert G.—B.e was born in 
Massachusetts, and elected a Representa- 
tive, from Ohio, to the Thirty-seventh 
Congress, serving on the Committee on 
Revolutionary Claims. A lawj'er. 

Middle, George Mead. — He was 

born in Newcastle, Delaware, in 1817; 
educated at Delaware College; studied 
engineering, and was engaged for years in 
locating and constructing railroads and 
canals in Pennsylvania, Delaware, Mary- 
land, and Virginia, the last of which was 
the great work at Harper's Ferry. After- 
wards he studied law, was admitted to the 
bar in 1848, and was appointed Deputy 
Attorney-General for his native county, 
which position he held until 1850, when he 
was elected a Representative, from Dela- 
ware, to the Thirty-second Congress, and 
re-elected to the Thirty-third Congress, 
serving on the Committee on Roads and 
Canals, and was Chairman of the Commit- 
tee on Engraving, and also a Special Com- 
mittee on the Peruvian Guano Question. 
In 1849 he was appointed by the Governor 
of the State a.'Commissiouer on the part 
of Delaware to retrace the celebrated 
" Mason and Dixon's line," the repoi't of 
which was printed by the Legislatures of 
Pennsylvania, Delaware, and Maryland 
in 1850. He was also a Delegate to the sev- 
eral "Democratic National Conventions" 
of 1844, 1848, and 1856. In 1864 he was 
elected a Senator in Congress, from Dela- 
ware, for the term ending in 1869, serving 
on the Committees on the District of 
Columbia, Private Land Claims, Man- 
ufactures, and Printing. Died in Wash- 
ington City, March 29, 1867. He was a 
descendant of George Read, of the Revo- 
lution. 

Midgeley, Henry ilf .— Born in 1778 ; 
a lawyer by profession; and for many 



324 



BIOGBAPniCAL BECOBDS. 



years was a distinguished member of the 
Delaware bar. He was a Repi'esentative 
in Congress, from Delaware, from 1811 to 
1815, and supplied a vacancy as Senator 
in Congress from 1826 to 1829. He died 
at his residence in Dover, Delaware, 
August 7, 1847. 

Hidgely, Richard.— B.q was a Del- 
egate, from Maryland, to the Continental 
Congress, from 1785 to 1786. 

Midgivay, Joseph, — He was born on 
Staten Island, New York, May 6, 1783; 
received a limited education ; and acquired 
the trade of a house carpenter. In 1811 
he emigrated to Cayuga County, New 
York, and devoted himself to making fan- 
niug-mills ; and in 1822 settled in Colum- 
bus, Ohio, and established an extensive 
iron foundry, which subsequently became 
an establishment for manufacturing rail- 
road carriages. In 1828 he was elected to 
the Legislature of Ohio, and re-elected in 
1830; and was a Represensative in Con- 
gress, from Ohio, from 1837 to 18i3. He 
failed in business in 1811, and, though ex- 
onerated by the bankrupt law, he thought 
proper, in 1857, to pay up his old debts, at 
the rate of two dollars for one ; and of 
seventy creditors he only found four liv- 
ing ; so that he had to hunt up and pay the 
heirs, which occupied four mouths of his 
time. 

Miggs, Jetur JS.— Bom in Morris 
County, New Jersey, June 20, 1809 ; stud- 
ied medicine ; and graduated at the Bar- 
clay Street Medical University of New 
York. In 1828 he made an extensive sea- 
voyage over the world; practised his pro- 
fession from 1832 to 1849; served two 
years iu the New Jersey Legislature; 
spent one or two years iu charge of the 
hospital at Sutter's Fort, California; in 
1855 was elected for three years to the 
Senate of New Jersey; and in 1858 was 
elected a Representative in Congress, 
from that State, serving as a member of 
the Committee on Manufactures. 

R^ggs, Lewis. — "Was bprn in New 
York, and was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from that State, from 1811 to 
1843. 

MiJcer, Samuel, — He was a member 
of the New York Assembly in 1784, and a 
Representative in Congress, from that 
State, from 1804 to 1805, and again from 
1807 to 1809. 

Ming gold, Samuel.— He was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from Maryland, 
from 1810 to 1815, and again from 1817 to 
1821. 

Mipley, Eleazar TF.— He graduated 
at Dartmouth College in 1800; studied 
law, and settled in the District of Maine ; 



was Speaker of the Massachusetts House 
of Repi'esentatives in 1811; acquitted 
himself with credit as an officer iu the 
last war with England; removed to Lou- 
isiana, whence he was elected to Con- 
gress, serving from 1835 to the time of 
his death, which occurred at New Orleans, 
March 2, 1839, aged fifty-seven years. 

Ripley, tTaines TF.— He was a law- 
yer; served four years in the Legislature 
of Maine; was an officer in the last war 
with England, and a member of Congress, 
from Maine, from 1826 to 1830, when he 
was appointed Collector of Customs for 
the Passamaquoddy District of Miiine. 
He died in June, 1835. 

Ripley, Thomas C. — He was elected 
a Representative, from New York, to the 
Twenty-ninth Congress, for the unexpired 
term of R. F. Herrick, resigned. 

Risley, Elijah. — He was born in 
Connecticut, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from New York, from 1849 to 
1851. 

Rltchey, TJiOTnas.—He was born in 
Pennsylvania, and, having settled in Ohio, 
was elected a Representative in Congress, 
from that State, from 1847 to 1849, and 
again from 1853 to 1855. 

Ritchie, David.— He was born at 
Canonsburg, VVashiugton Couuty, Penn- 
sylvania, August 19, 1812 ; graduated at 
Jefl'ersou College in 1829 ; admitted to the 
bar, at Pittsburg, in 1835; received the 
degree of J.U.D. from the University of 
Heidelberg, Germany, in 1837 ; and was 
a Representative, from Pittsburg, in the 
Thirty-third, Thirty-fourth, and Thirty- 
fifth Congresses, and was a member of the 
Committee on Foreign Affiiirs. After 
leaving Congress, he held the office of 
Judgefor about one year ; and, while en- 
gaged in the practice of his profession, 
died at Pittsburg, Jamiary 24, 1867. 

Rltter, Burwell C— He was born 
in Barren Countj% Kentucky, January 6, 
1810; received a good English education; 
adopted the business of farming, to which 
he has been devoted ; was a member of 
the Legislature of Kentucky in 1843 and 
1850 ; in 1864 he was a Presidential Elector ; 
and in 1865 he was elected a Represent- 
ative, from Kentucky, to the Thirty- 
ninth Congress, serving on the Commit- 
tees on Agriculture, and Expenditures in 
the Treasury Department. 

Rltter, .loJin.— Was born in Exeter 
Township, Berks County, Pennsylvania, 
February 6, 1779. He received such edu- 
cation as the country afforded in German, 
and but three months of English school- 
ing. At eighteen years of age he entered 
the printing-office of the " Beadinger 



BIOGBArniCAL BECOBDS. 



325 



Adler," of which his father was half- 
owucr. This was at the issue of the 
second numljer of the paper. In 1802 he 
bought his father out, and continued as 
an editor and proprietor to conduct the 
journal to the day of his death. He never 
sought any office. An election to the 
Convention to revise the Constitution of 
Pennsylvania, in 1836, and to a seat, from 
Pennsylvania, in the Twenty-eighth and 
Twentj'-ninth Congresses, came to him 
as a spontaneous act of popular confidence 
and respect. He died at Reading, Novem- 
ber 24, 1851. 

Hirers, Thoinas. — He was born in 
Tennessee, and was a Representative in 
Congress from 1855 to 1857. 

Hives, Francis E. — He was born in 
Virginia, aud was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1837 to 
1841. Died November 30, 1861, 

Hives, William C.— He was born in 
Nelson County, Virginia, May 4, 1793; 
was educated at Hampden Sidney and Wil- 
liam and Mary Colleges ; studied law and 
politics under the direction of Thomas 
Jefferson; was Aide-de-camp, in 1814 and 
18l5,with a body of Militia audVolunteers, 
called out for the defence of Virginia; and 
was a member, in 1816, of the " Staunton 
Convention," called to reform the State 
Constitution. Ho was elected to the Leg- 
islature of Virginia in 1817, 1818, aud 
1819, from Nelson County; in 1822 to the 
same position from Albemarle County; in 
1823 he was elected a Representaiive in 
Congress, and he served for three succes- 
sive terms; in 1829 he was appointed, by 
President Jackson, Minister to France ; on 
his return, in 1832, he was elected a Sena- 
tor in Congress, and resigned in 1834 ; was 
re-elected in 1835, and served to the end of 
the term, in 1839 ; in 1840 was elected to 
the Senate for a third term, v^'here he re- 
mained until 1845 ; in 1849 he was a second 
time appointed Minister to France, and re- 
turned in 1853, when he Anally retired from 
political life. He has also added to his 
reputation by publishing a History of the 
" Life and Times of James Madison." He 
took part in the Rebellion of 1861 as a 
member of the so-called Confederate Con- 
gress, having previously been a Delegate 
to the "Peace Congress" of that year. 
In 1866 he was chosen a Delegate to the 
Philadelphia "National Union Conven- 
tion," but did not take part in its proceed- 
ings ; and died at Charlottesville, Va., 
April 26, 1863. 

Roane, JFohn. — He was born in Vir- 
ginia; was a Presidential Elector in 1809; 
and a Representative in Congress, from 
that State, from 1815 to 1817, from 1827 
to 1831, and for a third term from 1835 
to 1837. 



Roane, John J".— He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Virginia, his 
native State, from 1831 to 1833. 

Roane, John T.— He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Virginia, from 
1809 to 1815. 

Roane, William fl".— Born in Vir- 
ginia, in 1788 ; was twice elected a mem- 
ber of the Executive Council of that State; 
once a Delegate to the General Assembly; 
a Representative in Congress from 1815 
to 1817; and a Senator of the United 
States from 1837 to 1841. He died at Tree 
Hill,near Richmond,Virginia,May 11,1845. 

Robbie, Reuben. — He was born in 
Vermont; and, having settled in New 
York, was elected a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1831 to 
1853. 

Robbins, Asher. — Born in Wethers- 
field, Connecticut, in 1757, and graduated 
at Yale College. He was a lawyer by pro- 
fession; was United States District At- 
torney in 1812; held many other impor- 
tant public positions; aud was a leading 
Senator in Congress, from Rhode Island, 
from 1825 to 1839. He was also a mem- 
ber of the Rhode Island Legislature for 
many years. Died at Newport, Rhode 
Island, February 25, 1845. 

Robbins, George R, — Born near 
AUcntown, Monmouth County, New Jer- 
sey, September 24, 1812; graduated at the 
Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, 
in 1837, and pursued the practice of medi- 
cine until his election to the House of 
Representatives, from New Jersey, during 
the Thirty-fourth Congress; was re- 
elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, and 
was a member of the Committee on Inva- 
lid Pensions. 

Robbins, tTr,, John. — He was born 
in Pennsylvania, and was a Representa- 
tive in Congress, from that State, from 
1849 to 1855. 

Roberdeau, Daniel. — He was a Del- 
egate, from Pennsylvania, to the Conti- 
nental Congress, from 1777 to 1779, and 
was a signer of the Articles of Confeder- 
ation. 

Roberts, Anthony iJ. — Born in 
Chester County, Pennsylvania, October, 
1803; but removed with his parents to 
Lancaster County in his infancy. He re- 
ceived a common-school education, and 
commenced life as a merchant. In 1839 
he was elected Sheriff of Lancaster Coun- 
ty, and held the office till 1842. In 1849 
he was appointed by President Taylor, 
Marshal of the Eastern District of Penn- 
sylvania, and remained in that position 



326 



BIOaBAPHIGAL BECOBDS. 



until 1853, and collected the Statistics for 
the Seventh Census of that District. He 
was a Representative in the Thirty-fourth 
Congress, and re-elected to the Thirty- 
fifth, and vpas a member of the Commit- 
tee on the Militia. 

Roberts, J'onathan.— Bom in 1771. 
and early in the present century was 
elected to both branches of the Legisla- 
ture of Pennsylvania; was a Eepresent- 
ative in Congress from 1811 to 1814, when 
he resigned ; and was an advocate of the 
war of 1812. From 1814 to 1821 he was a 
Senator of the United States ; and in 1841 
he was appointed Collector of the port 
of Philadelphia by President Harrison. 
He died in Philadelphia, July, 1854. 

Moberts, Robert IF.— He was born 
in Delaware, and, having settled in Mis- 
sissippi, was elected a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1843 to 
1847. 

Robertson, George, — Born in Mer- 
cer County, Kentucljy, November 18, 
1790, and completed his education in 
Transylvania University. He studied law, 
and commenced practice in 1809. In 
1816 he was elected a Representative in 
Congress, and served from 1817 to 1821. 
He was a member of the Legislature, and 
Speaker of the House four sessions, end- 
ing in 1827. In 1828 he was Secretary of 
State, and the same year chosen Judge 
of the Court of Appeals, and in 1829 com- 
missioned Chief Justice of Kentucky, 
which position he resigned in 1843, and 
resumed the practice of law in Lexington 
in 1835. He was Professor of Law in 
Transylvania University for twenty-three 
years. He repeatedly declined important 
offices, including missions to Colombia 
and Peru. 

Robertson, John. — He was born in 
Virginia, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1834 to 
1839. 

Robertson, Thomas B.— He was a 

Representative in Congress, from Louisi- 
ana, from 1812 to 1818, having been the 
first member elected under the State Con- 
stitution. 

Robertson, William JH".— He was 

born in Bedford, Westcliester County, New 
York, October 10, 1823 ; received an aca- 
demical education in that tovs^n ; studied 
law, and came to the bar in 1847, at 
Poughkeepsie ; in 1848 he was elected to 
the Assembly, and re-elected in 1849 ; in 
1854 he was elected to the State Senate ; 
in 1856 he was elected for four years 
Judge of Westchester County ; re-elected 
in 1859 and also in 1863, — serving eleven 
years in all; in 1860 he was a Presidential 
Elector; was a Delegate to the Baltimore 



Convention of 1864, which re-nominated 
President Lincoln; and in 1866 he was 
elected a Representative, from New York, 
to the Fortieth Congress, serving on the 
Committees on Commerce, and Revolu- 
tionary Claims. He was also a Delegate 
to the " State Republican Convention " of 
1867. 

Robinson, Christopher.— Tie was 

born in Rhode Island; graduated at 
Brown University in 1825, and adopted 
the profession of law; was Attorney- 
General of Rhode Island. He was elected 
a Representative, from Rhode Island, to 
the Thirty-sixth Congress, serving as a 
member of the Committee on the Ju- 
diciary, and also on the Special Com- 
mittee of Thirty- three on the Rebellious 
States. In 1861 he was appointed, by 
President Lincoln, Minister to Peru, and 
he was a Delegate to the " Loyalists' Con- 
vention," held in Philadelphia in 1866. 

Robinson, Edward. — He was a 

ship-master and merchant; served two 
years in the Maine Senate ; and was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from Maine, dur- 
ing the years 1838 and 1839. In 1840 he 
was a Presidential Elector ; and died Feb- 
ruary 20, 1857, aged sixty-one years. 

Robinson, James C— Was born in 
Edgar County, Illinois, in 1822 ; served as 
a private in the Mexican war ; studied law 
and came to the bar in 1854 ; was elected 
a Representative, from Illinois, to the 
Thirty-sixth Congress, and re-elected to 
the Thirty-seventh and Thirty-eighth Con- 
gresses, serving as Chairman of the Com- 
mittee on Mileage, and as a member of the 
Committee on Expenditures in the State 
Department. He was also a Delegate to 
the Philadelphia "National Union Con- 
vention " of 1866 ; and in 1867 he was 
appointed a Commissioner to settle the 
war claims of Indiana. 

Robinson, John L.—He was bora 
in Kentucky, and was a Representative ia 
Congress, from Indiana, from 1847 to 
1853. In 1857 he was appointed United 
States Marshal for the District of In- 
diana, by President Buchanan, which 
office he held until his death, March 21, 
1860. 

Robinson, John M.—'Re was bora 
in 1793, and was one of the early settlers 
of Illinois, and one of the Judges of the 
Supreme Court of that State. He was a 
Senator in Congress from 1830 to 1842, 
and died at Ottawa, Illinois, April 26, 
1843. 

Robinson, Jonathan.— He was ap- 
pointed Chief Justice of Vermont in 
1801, in the place of Judge Smith, who 
resigned ; and in 1806 was elected to suc- 
ceed Mr. Smith as Senator in Congress, 



BIOGBAPHICAL BECOBDS. 



327 



serving from 1807 to 1815. He died at 
Beuuiugtou, November 3, 1819, aged sixty- 
four. 

SoMnson, Moses, — Tie wsls edu- 
cated at Dartiuoutli College; served iii 
the Legislature of Vermont; and was 
Governor of that State from 1789 to 
1790. lie was a Member of the Senate 
of the United States, from Vermont, 
under the administration of Wash- 
ington, fL'om 1791 to 1796, when he 
resigned. He was one of the minority 
who were opposed to the ratification of 
Jay's Treaty. He died at Bennington, 
May 2G, 1813, aged seventy-two. 

Mobinson, Orvills. — He was born 
in New York, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from tliat State, from 1843 to 
184:5. He also served four years in the 
Assembly of New York, from Oswego 
County. 

Mobinson, Thomas. — He was a 

Representative in Congress, from Dela- 
ware, from 1839 to 1841, and died in Sus- 
sex County, of that State, October 28, 
1843. 

Mobinson, WUUa^nE.—TiewsisboYn 
near Cookstovvn, Tyrone County, Ireland, 
May G, 1814 ; received a good English and 
classical education ; emigi'ated to this 
country in 1836; entered Yale College, 
and received the degree of A.M. in 1841 ; 
was a student for two years at the Yale 
Law School ; between the years 1838 and 
1844 he was a frequent writer for the 
New York "Herald;" during the latter 
year he became identified witli the New 
York " Tribune," signing his communica- 
tions " Richelieu ; " in 1848-'49 he became 
identified as editor with a weekly paper 
called " The People ; " in 1859 he visited 
his native laud, and the Continent of 
Europe ; practised law in New York from 
1853 to 18;I2 ; in 1862 he was appointed 
United States Assessor of Internal Reve- 
nue for the City of Brooklyn, and in 1866 
he was elected a Representative, from 
New York, to the Fortieth Congress, 
serving on the Committees on Foreign Af- 
fairs, and Expenses in the Treasury De- 
partment. In addition to his extensive 
Avritings on the politics of his country, 
published in a great variety of journals, 
he has occasionally delivered addresses 
on literary topics, and is also the author 
of a number of poems which have be- 
come popular with the people. 

Mobison, David JP.-'He was born 
in Pennsylvania, and was a Representa- 
tive in Congress, from that State, from 
1855 to 1857. 

Mochester, William, B. — He was 

born in Washington County, Maryland, 
and was a man of legal acquirements, 



much respected for his abilities, and a 
Representative in Congress, from New 
York, from 1821 to 1823. He subsequent- 
ly held the office of Circuit Judge in New 
York, but resigned to compete with De- 
witt Clinton for the office of Governor. 
He was lost, with many others, off the 
coast of North Carolina, by the explosion 
of the steamer Pulaski, June 15, 1838. 

MocMiill, William.— He was born 
in New Jersey, and, having settled in In- 
diana, was elected a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1847 to 
1849. 

Mochwell, John ^.— Born in Nor- 
wich, Connecticut, in 1804; graduated 
at Yale College in 1822; studied law, 
which he practised with ability and suc- 
cess ; was twice elected to the State 
Senate ; was at one time Judge of the 
County Court for New London County; 
and was a Representative in Congress, 
from Connecticut, from 1845 to to 1849, 
serving as Chairman of the Comjnittee 
on Claims. He subsequently practised in 
the Court of Claims, and was the author 
of a work on Spanish law. Died in Wash- 
ington, of apoplexy, February 10, 1861. 

Mochivell, J'ulius. — Born at Cole- 
brook, Litcliiield County, Connecticut, 
April 26, 1805. Entered Yale College in 
1822, and graduated in 1826; studied law 
at the New Haven Law School, and was 
admitted to the bar in Litchfield County, 
in 1829, commencing practice in 1830, at 
Pittsfield, Massachusetts. He was a 
member of the House of Representatives 
of Massachusetts from 1834 to 1838, and 
was Speaker from 1835 to 1838, and in 
that year was appointed Bank Commis- 
sioner, and held the office three years. 
He was a Representative in Congress 
from 1847 to 1851, and United States 
Senator for two sessions, by appoint- 
ment, from 1854 to 1855, to succeed Mr. 
Everett. In 1853 he was a member of the 
Convention to revise the Constitution of 
Massachusetts ; a Presidential Elector in 
1856; and in 1858 was again elected to the 
House of Representatives of that State. 
In 1859 he was made a Judge of the 
Superior Court of Massachusetts. 

Modnian, Williain.— Born in Ben- 
salem, Bucks County, Pennsylvania, Oc- 
tober 7, 1757, his parents being of the 
Society of Friends. He received a liberal 
education; served in the Revolutionary 
War as a soldier; under the call from 
Washington, he raised and commanded a 
company, during the " Whiskey Insurrec- 
tion" in Western Pennsylvania; he was 
for many years in the Legislature of his 
native State; and he was a Representa- 
tive in' Congress from 1811 to 1813. He 
died at the place of his birth, July 27, 
1824. 



O-O 



BIOGHArJIICAL JiECOItDS. 



Itodnei/, Cwsar.—\l^ was born in 
Dover, Kent Oouuty, Dolawaiv, in 173.^; 
receiveii a liberal edncation; he was Hi'jli 
Sheriff, Justice of the Peace, ami a Jiulge 
in his native County; in 17(>'J: he was 
electet,! to the State Legislature, serving- 
several years, and as Speaker in 17(.>0; 
was a Delegate to the New York Congress 
inlTiM; was a Delegate, from Uolaware, 
to the Continental Congivss, IVoui 1774 to 
177S, and in 17^3; was a signer of the 
Declaration of Independence; was ap- 
pointed Judge of the Supivme Court of 
Delaware; also served for a time as 
General of Militia; and was President of 
the State of Delaware. Died in 1783. A 
sou of his was subsequently a luembei* of 
the Federal Congress. 

Hodnej/, Cwsav A,— lie was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, tVom Delawai-e, 
fix>m 1803 to 1805. He was appointed 
Attorney-General of the United States by 
Pifsident Jefferson; and in 1812 com- 
manded a company of Volunteers in de- 
fence of Baltimore; again a Kepresenta- 
tive in Congress, tVom Delaware, from 
1819 to 1831 ; and a Senator of the United 
States from 1821 to 1823, in which year 
he was appointed United States Minister 
to Buenos Ayres, where he died June 10, 
1S24. 

Hodnet/f Daniel,— He was a Pi'esi- 

dential Elector in 1809 ; Governor of Del- 
aware from 181-t to 1817 ; a Uepi'esentative 
in Congress, from the State of Delaware, 
fl'om 1822 to 1823, and a Senator in Con- 
gress from 1826 to 1827. Died September 
2, 1846, ag«d seventy-flve years. 

Hod net/, George B. — He was born 
in Delaware; graduated at Princeton Col- 
lege in 1820, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from his native State, from 
1841 to 1843. He was a Delegate, in 
18t)l, to the "Peace Congress" of Wash- 
ington. 

Hodneij, Thomas. — He was a Dele- 
gate, from Delaware, to the Continental 
Congress, from 1781 to 1783, and IVom 
1785 to 17S7. 

JRogers, Andrew J".— He was born 
in Hamburg. Sussex County, New Jersey, 
July 1, 1828; received a limited educa- 
tion; spent the most of his youth as an 
assistant in a hotel and in a country store ; 
taught school for two years and a half, 
during which time he studied law, and 
was admitted to the bar in 1852 ; and in 
18(52 he was elected a Kepresentative, 
ft'om Xew Jersey, to the Thirty-eighth 
Congress, serving on the Committee on 
Public Expenditures. Ke-elected to the 
Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the 
Committees on the Judiciary, Expenses in 
the Post Offlce Dcpartmeut, and Keccm- 
struction. 



Hoijers, Charleti.—Uc was born in 
New York, ami was a Kepresentative in 
Congress, tVom that State, froui 1843 to 
1845. He also served in the Assembly of 
New York, from ^Vashington County, iu 
1833 and 1837. 

HogerSf Edivnrd,—Ue was born in 
Connecticut; received a classical educa- 
tion, studied law, and settled in Madison 
County, New York. He was for many 
years County Judge; and was a liepre- 
sentativo in Congivss, from New York, 
from 1843 to 1845. Ho died in Galway, 
Saratoga County, New Y'ork, May 23, 
1857, aged seventy years. 

Sogers, JTanies.—Uo was born iu 
South Carolina; graduated at the Univer- 
sity of that State in 1813; adopted the 
protession of law ; and was a Hepresent- 
ative in Congress, from that State, IVom 
1835 to 1S37, and again iVom 1839 to 1843. 

Hogers, tJoJiw.— He was a Delegate, 
from Marylanil, to the Continental Con- 
gress, from 1775 to 17ri>. 

Hogers, Sion JET. — He was born in 
North (^arolina, and was a Kepresenta- 
tive in Congress, tVom that Stale, ll'oiu 
1853 to 1855. 

Hogers, Thomas «J.— He was bora 
in Wateit'ord, Ireland, and came to this 
country when three years of age; was a 
Kepresentative in Congress, from Penn- 
sylvania, from 1818 to 1824, a part of tho 
time for the unexpired term of John lvt>ss, 
and died in New York City, December 7, 
1832, aged llfty-one yeai's. 

HoUins, Edtvard JJ.— He \tos born 
in Soujcrsworth, now K.)llinglbrd, Straf- 
ford County, New Hampshire, Octobers, 
1824; received an academical education, 
and for a short time taught school; was 
devoted for se\'vral years to meicanlilo 
pursuits, tlrst as a clerk and then as an 
apothecary ; was a member of tlie State 
Legislature in 1855, 185i!, and 1857, serv- 
ing as Speaker during the last two years; 
Avas chosen Chairman of the State Kepub- 
lican Committee in 185(5, which position 
he held until he entered Congress ; elected 
a Kepresentative, tVom New Hampshii'e, 
to tlie Thirty-seventh Congress, serving 
on the Committee on the District of Co- 
lumbia; re-elected to tiie Thirty-eighth 
Congress, serving as Chairman of the 
Committee on Accounts. Ke-elected to 
the Thirty-ninth Congress, continuing at 
the head of the same Committee and serv- 
ing on the Committee on Public Expend- 
itures. He was also a meml»er of the 
National Committee appointed to accom- 
pany the remains of Presiilent Lincohi to 
Illinois; and a Delegate to the Phila- 
delphia "Loyalists' Com-eution" of 1866. 



BIOORAPIIICAL BECOliDS. 



529 



ItollinH, Jamas Sidney. — Wan horn 
ill Madison (jomity, Kentucky, April 1!>, 
1812; }i;riidu;itod at tlie State University 
of Indiana, at IJlooniington, in 1830; 
studied law, and f,'iaduated at the Tran- 
sylvania Law Sciiool, in Kentucky, in 
183;}; and Koon afterwards settled in 
Boone County, Missouri. In 1838 he was 
elected to the State Legiislature, and re- 
elected in 1840 and 1842; in 1840 he was 
elected to the State Senate, and serve<l 
four years; in 1854 he was again elected 
to the Legislature; in 1857 he was de- 
feated as tiie Whig candidate for Governor 
by two hundred and thirty votes, — one 
hundred thousand having been polled, — 
though many thought lain legally elected ; 
in 1800 he was elected a Representative, 
from Missouri, to the Thirty-seventh 
Congress, serving on the Committees on 
Commerce and on Expenditures in the 
War Department, lie was re-elected in 
18G2 to the Tliirty-eighth Congress, serv- 
ing on the Committee on Naval Affairs. 
He was also a Delegate to the Thila- 
delphia "National Union Convention" of 
1800. 

Jtoinan, James JD.—IIg was born in 
Maryland ; was educated a lawyer; was a 
Presidential Elector on two occasions ; and 
was a llepreseiitative in Congress, from 
that State, from 1847 to 184'.). He is at 
the iiresent time President of the llagers- 
town Bank. lie was also a Delegate to 
the " Peace Congress" of 1801. Died in 
Maryland, January 19, 1807. 

Roosevelt, James J.— Born in the 

City of New York, December, 1790; was 
educated at Ojlumbfa College; studied 
law with Peter Augustus Jay, and was for 
several years his partner. In 1835 and 
1840 he was a memljer of the State Legis- 
lature, and in 1842 and 1843 was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from New York 
City. He d<fclined a re-election, and went 
abroad in 1843. On his return he retired 
from tiie practice of law to private life; 
but was iuduced to accept the appoint- 
ment of Judge of the Supreme Court of 
the State in 1851. He was also for sev- 
eral years in early life a member of the 
city government. 

Root, Evastus. — Born in Hebron, 
Connecticut, March 10, 1772; graduated 
at Dartmouth College in 1793; after which 
he t.aught school for some time, and then 
studied law and settled in Delaware 
County, New York, in 1700. He was a 
Representative in the Asseml)ly eleven 
years; Speaker of the House three years; 
State Senator eight years; and a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from 1803 to 1805, 
and from 180J to 1817 when he resigned, 
in which year he was appointed Post- 
master at Delhi, New York, and was re- 
elected to Congress from 1831 to 1833. In 
1822 he was cliosen Lieutenant-Governor 



of the State, and he was also Major-Gen-" 
eral of Militia. He died in New York City, 
December 24, 1840. His intellect and 
tastes were higldy cultivated. 

Root, Jesse, — Born at Northampton, 
Massachusetts, Jaimary, 1737; graduated 
at Princeton College in 1750; preached 
about three years, and then studied law; 
settled in Hartford, Cotmecticut. He 
took part in the Revolutionary war, and 
was a Delegate to tlie (Jontinental Con- 
gress, from 1778 to 1783; was apjjointed 
Judge of the Superior Court in 1789, and 
was Chief Justice from 1790 until his res- 
ignation in 1807. He died March 29, 
1822, 

Root, Joseph M".— Born in Cayuga, 
New York, October 7, 1817; read law at 
Auburn, and removed to Ohio in 1829; 
was appointed Prosecuting Attorney in 
that State; in 1840 cliosen to the State 
Senate; and served as a Representative 
in Congress from 1845 to J 851. Ho was 
for a time Chairman of the Committees on 
the Post Oilice and Expenditures in the 
Treasury Department. He was also a 
Presidential Elector in 1800, and a Dele- 
gate to the Philadelphia " Loyalists' Con- 
vention " of 1800. 

Rose, Robert L. — Born at Geneva, 
New York, October 12, 1804; was a farmer 
b5^ occupation ; has held the olUc(! of 
Supervisor for the town of Allen's Hill; 
and was a Representative in Congress, 
from New York, from 1847 to 1851. 

Rose, Robert ,S>.— Tie was born in- 
Henrico County, Virginia; and was a 
Representative in Congress, from the 
State of New York, from 1823 to 1827, and 
ay:ain from 1829 to 1831. He died at 
Waterloo, New York, November 24, 1835, 
aged sixty-three years. 

Ross, David, — He was a Delegate, 
from Maryland, to the Continental Con- 
gress, from 1780 to 1787. 

Ross, Edmund G.—lle was born in 
Wisconsin; received a good English edu- 
cation, and, having commenced life as a 
printer, and been Foreman in theo.'lice of 
tiie " Milwaukie Sentinel," soon became an 
editor in his native State; on the bi cak- 
ing out of the troubles in Kansas in 1850, 
he removed to that State, and took an 
active part in its local affairs ; was a mem- 
ber of the "Kansas Constitutional Con- 
vention" of 1859; from that tiaie until 
1801 he served in the State Legislature; 
enlisted as a private soldier in a Kansas 
regiment during the Rebellion, attaining 
the rank of Major; and subse<|uently be- 
came the associate editor of tlie " Law- 
rence Tribune." In July, 18";0, he was 
appointed by the Governor a Senator in 
Congress, from Kansas, for the unexpired 



330 



BIOaBAPHICAL BECOBDS. 



terra of James H. Lane, deceased ; serv- 
ing on the Committees on Pensions, 
Indian Affairs, and Printing. In January, 
1867, his appointment to the Senate was 
confirmed by the Legislature, his term 
expiring in 1871, and he was made Cliair- 
mau of the Committee on Enrolled Bills. 

Moss, George. — Born in New Castle, 
Delaware, in 1730; he acquired a classical 
education under his father's roof; studied 
law and came to the bar in 1751 ; settled 
in Lancaster, Pennsylvania; in 1768 he 
was elected to the Colonial Legislature; 
was a Delegate to the Continental Con- 
gress from 1774: to 1777 ; was one of the 
signers of the Declaration of Indepen- 
dence ; he was a member of the Colonial 
Convention that commenced the new gov- 
ernment; Chairmanof the Committee that 
formed the organization of the State gov- 
ernment; in 1779 he was appointed Judge 
of the Court of Admiralty for Pennsyl- 
vania, but died in July of that year from 
an attack of gout. He was a profound 
lawyer, and an earnest patriot. 

Moss, Senry S. — He was born in 

Essex County, New York, and graduated 
at Columbia College, New York, in 1808 ; 
studied law and practised the profession 
in Essex, Essex County, New York, for 
fifty years ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from New York, from 1825 to 1827. 
He was County Judge of Essex County in 
1847 and 1848; was a Presidential Elector 
in 1848, heading the State ticket, and of- 
ficiating as President of the Electoral Col- 
lege. He died September 13, 1862. He 
was distinguished for his ability, elo- 
quence, dignity, and high character. 

Moss, tTaines. — Born, about the year 
1761, in Pennsylvania. He was a lawyer 
by profession, and was a member of the 
Convention that formed the Constitution 
of Pennsylvania, in 1790. He was a Sen- 
ator in Congress, from Pennsylvania, from 
1794 to 1803, serving during one session 
as Pi'esident pro tern, of that body, and 
died at his residence, near Pittsburg, 
November 27, 1847. 

Moss, John, — He was a Representa- 
tive in Congress, from Pennsylvania, from 
1809 to 1811, and again from 1815 to 1818, 
having resigned. 

Moss, Lewis W, — He was born in 
Seneca County, New York, December 8, 
1812; removed with his father to Illinois 
when a boy; was educated at the Illinois 
College; adopted the profession of law. 
In 1840 and 1844 he was elected to the 
State Legislature; was a Presidential 
Elector in 1848; and a Delegate in 1860 to 
the Charleston and Baltimore Conven- 
tions. In 1861 was elected to the " State 
Constitutional Convention ; " and in 1842 
was elected a Representative, from Illi- 



nois, to the Thirty-eighth Congress, serv- 
ing on the Committee oulnvalid Pensions. 
Re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, 
serving on the Committee on Indian 
Affairs; and also re-elected to the For- 
tieth Congress, serving on the additional 
Committee on Agriculture. 

Moss, T7iomas.—Re was a native of 
Pennsylvania; graduated at Princeton 
College in 1825 ; and was a Representative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1849 to 
1853. 

Moss, Thmncis M.—Ue was born in 
Chester County, PemisylvaDia, and was a 
Re])reseiitative in Congress, from Ohio, 
from 1819 to 1825. 

Mousseau, Lovell Jff.— He was born 
near Stanford, Lincoln County, Keutucky, 
August 4, 1818, to which place his father 
had emigrated from Virginia; was chiefly 
educated by himself, acquiring a good 
English education, and, having adopted the 
profession of law, practised it with success 
in Indiana, to which he removed in 1841. 
He was elected for three years to the Leg- 
islature of Indiana, and for tliree j^ears to 
the Senate of the State; served through 
the war with Mexico as a Captain, and 
was present at Buena Vista; in 1850 he 
returned to Louisville, Kentucky, where 
he subsequently resideil. In 1860 he was 
elected by both political parties to the Sen- 
ate of Kentucky, and, after serving through 
the stormy session of 1861, resigned his 
seat, and asked for permission to raise 
troops for the war. In June of that year 
he was commissioned a Colonel of Volun- 
teers, and in July was in camp with four 
companies; in October, 1861, he was ap- 
pointed a Brigadier-General, was present 
at the battle of Shiloh, and reported for 
gallantrj'-; was also in the battle of Perry- 
ville, and for his "distinguished gallantry 
and good service " there, was, in Octo- 
ber, 1862, appointed a Major-General. He 
was also in the advance upon Corinth 
after the battle of Shiloh, and in the battle 
of Stone River, and many smaller engage- 
ments. He conducted, in 1864, a highly 
important and successful I'aid into the 
heart of Alabama, and defended Portress 
Rosecrans with eight thousand men dur- 
ing the siege of Nashville. In 1865 he 
was elected a Representative, from Ken- 
tucky, to the Thirty-ninth Congress, serv- 
ing on the Committees on Military Affairs, 
and on Roads and Canals. He was also 
one of the Representatives designated by 
the House to attend the funeral of General 
Scott, in 1866. In June, 1866, he made a 
personal assault on J. B. Griunell, a fel- 
low-member of the House, for words 
spoken in debate ; and although the com- 
mittee appointed to investigate the sub- 
ject reported a resolution to expel, the 
House adopted the minority report to rep- 
rimand him for violating the privileges of 



BIOGBAPHICAL llECOIiDS. 



331- 



the House; whereupon he resigned his 
seat as a Representative in the Thirty- 
ninth Congress, but was re-elected during 
the subsequent recess to the same Con- 
gress, serving again on the Committees 
on Military Atfairs, and Roads and Canals. 
In April, 1867, he was appointed a Briga- 
dier-General in the regular array; and 
was assigned to duty in the New Terri- 
tory of Alaska. 

Motvan, John. — He was born in 
Pennsylvania, in 1773; emigrated to Ken- 
tucky when quite young; he was a mem- 
ber of the Convention which formed the 
Constitution of 1799 ; he was Secretaiy of 
State in 1804; elected a member of Con- 
gress from 1807 to 1809 ; for many years 
a member of the General Assembly ; Judge 
of the Court of Appeals in 1819 ; and was 
a Senator in Congress from 1825 to 1831. 
His last public position was that of Com- 
missioner for carrying out a late treaty 
with Mexico. He died in Louisville, Ken- 
tucky, July 13, 1843. 

Moive, JPeter. — He was a Representa- 
tive in Congress, from New York, from 
1853 to 1855. 

JRoyce, Moiner E, — He was born in 
Berkshire, Vermont, in 1819; received a 
common-school education ; studied law, 
and was admitted to the bar in 1842 ; was 
a member of the State Legislature in 1846 
and 1847 ; was Prosecuting Attorney for 
the State in 1848 ; a State Senator in 1849, 
1850, and 1851 ; and was elected a Repre- 
sentative fi'om Vermont to the Thirty- 
fifth Congress, serving as a member of 
the Committee on Foreign Affairs. He 
was also re-elected to the Thirty-sixth 
Congress, serving as a member of the 
same committee ; and he was a Delegate to 
the Philadelphia "Loyalists' Convention" 
of 1866. 

Muffin, TJioinas.— Bom in Edge- 
combe County, North Carolina; graduated 
at Chapel Hill University ; is a lawyer by 
profession, and served as Circuit Attorney 
of the Seventh Judicial Circuit of the 
State of Missouri, from December, 1844, 
to December, 1848; and was elected a 
Representative, from North Carolina, to 
the Thirty-third, Thirty-fourth, Thirty- 
fifth, and Thii'ty-sixth Congresses, serving 
as a member of the Committees on Public 
Lands, on Accounts, and on the Militia. 
He took part in the Rebellion of 1861 as a 
member of the Rebel Congress, having 
previously been a Delegate to the " Peace 
Congress " of 1861. He also served as a 
Colonel in the Southern army, and, from 
the efi'ects of c wound, died at Alexandria, 
Virginia, in October, 1863. 

Muggles, Benjamin. — Born in 
Windham County, Connecticut. He ob- 
tained the means for receiving a classical 



education by teaching a school in winter. 
He studied law, and after his admission to 
the bar removed to Marietta, Ohio; he 
subsequently settled at St. Clairsville; 
and in 1810 was elected President Judge 
of the Court of Common Pleas for the 
Third Circuit. He was elected, by the 
Legislature, a Senator of the United States 
from Ohio, serving from lsl5 to 1833; and 
from his well-known habits of industry, 
and constant devotion to the interests of 
his constituents, he was called " The 
Wheelhorse of the Senate." From his 
youth he was a member of the Masonic 
fraternity. In 1837 he was a Presidential 
Elector. He died at St. Clairsville, Sep- 
tember 2, 1857, aged seventy-four years. 
He served on many of the most important 
committees. 

Buggies, Charles S.—Uo was bom 

in Litclilleld County, Connecticut, and was 
a member of the New York Assembly in 
1820 ; a Representative in Congress, from 
that State, from 1821 to 1823, and also 
Judge of the Supreme Court of New 
York. 

Muggles, John, — Bom in TVestboro', 
Massachusetts ; was well educated, but 
possessed a taste for the mechanic arts ; 
and was a Senator in Congress, from 
Maine, from 1835 to 1841, and a member 
of the Committee on Commerce. He 
took a special interest in, and was the 
originator, when in Congress, of the idea 
of a reorganization of the Patent Omce ; 
and the very first patent granted after the 
reorganization, July 28, 1836, was granted 
to him for a locomotive steam-enyiue. 
He was nine times elected to the Maine 
Legislature, and officiated as Speaker 
three years ; and from 1835 to 1841 was 
Judge of the Court of Common JPleas. 

Muggles, Nathaniel. — He was a 

native of Massachusetts ; graduated at 
Harvard University in 1781; was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from Massachu- 
setts, from 1813 to 1819, and died at 
Roxbury, Massachusetts, December 19th 
of the latter year, at the age of fifty-eight 
years. 

Mutnsey, Benjainin. — He was a 

Delegate, from Maryland, to the Conti- 
nental Congress from 1776 to 1778. 

Mumsey, Jr., I) avid. —Re Avas born 
in New York, and was a Representative 
in Congress, fi'om that State, from 1847 to 
1851. 

Mmnsey, Edward.— lie was born 
in Kentucky, and was a Representative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1837 
to 1839. 

MunJc, John.— He was born in New 
Jersey ; was a Presidential Elector in 1841 ; 



332 



BIOQIiAPHICAL HECOBDS. 



and a Representative in Congress, from 
that State, from 1845 to 1847. 

Rush, Benjamin.— Born in Bristol, 
Bucks Countjs Pennsylvania, December 
24, 1745 ; was educated chiefly at Prince- 
ton College; studied medicine for six 
years, and then attended lectures at the 
Edinburgh University; practised in the 
hospitals of London, and completed his 
studies in Paris ; on his return he was at 
once appointed a Professor in a medical 
institution in Philadelphia; he was an 
earnest advocate of the cause of liberty; 
was a Delegate to the Continental Con- 
gress in 1776 and 1777; and a signer of 
the Declaration of Independence. He 
vpas a member of the Convention called to 
ratify the Fedei'al Constitution, and sub- 
sequently held the post of Cashier of the 
TJuited States Mint. On retiring from 
political life he devoted his whole atten- 
tion to his profession, and was a Profes- 
sor in various important institutions ; 
and, as a high officer, took an active part 
in the Society for the Abolition of 
Slavery, the Philadelphia Bil)le Societ}-, 
the Philadelphia Medical Society, and 
the American Philosophical Society. 
Among his numerous writings were 
"Medical Inquiries and Observations," 
and a " History of the Yellow Fever." 
Died April 19, 1813, and is remembered 
as one of the leading medical men of his 
time. He was the father of Richard Rush, 
for many years Minister to England and 
France, and also Secretary of the Treas- 
ury under President J. Q. Adams, 

Music, Thomas J. — He was born in 
South Carolina, studied law, and practised 
with success in Georgia. In the early part 
of 1835 he removed to Texas, and was a 
prominent actor in all the important events 
in the history of the Republic and the State 
of Texas. He was a member of the Con- 
vention that declared Texas an indepen- 
dent Republic, in March, 1836 ; was the first 
Secretary of \Var ; participated in the bat- 
tle of San Jacinto, and took command of 
the army after General Houston was 
wounded. He continued in command of 
the army until the organization of the Con- 
stitutional Government, in October, 1836, 
when he was again appointed Secretary of 
War, and resigned after a few months. He 
afterwards commanded several expedi- 
tions against the Indians; served as a 
member of the House of Representatives, 
and as Chief Justice of the Supreme 
Court, which last office he resigned early 
in 1842. In 1845 he was President of the 
Convention that consummated the annex- 
ation of Texas to the United States. Upon 
the admission of Texas into the Union, in 
1845, he was elected one of the Senators 
in the Congress of the United States, in 
which office he served two terms, and was 
elected for the third term, ending in 1863. 
He was Chairman of the Committee on 



the Post Office. He took a deep interest 
in the wagon-road to the Pacific, and the 
overland mail. At the time of his death, 
which occurred in Nacogdoches, Texas, 
July 29, 1856, he was President pro tern. 
of the Senate. In a moment of insanity, 
caused by overwhelming grief at the 
death of his wife, he took his own life, 
aged fifty-four. 

Muss, John, — He was a native of Ips- 
wich, Massachusetts, and was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Connecticut, 
from 1819 to 1823. He died at Hartford, 
Connecticut, June 22, 1832, aged sixty- 
eight years. 

Mussell, David. — He was born in 
Massachusetts, and was a Representative 
in Congress, from New York, from 1835 
to 1841, serving as Chairman of the Com- 
mittee on Claims. He Avas also in the 
Assembly of that State, in 1816 and 1830, 
from Washington County, and District 
Attorney for Northern New York. Died at 
Salem, Washington County, New York, 
November 24, 1861, aged sixty-one years. 

Mussell, Jatnes 3£. — He was born iu 
Pennsylvania, and was a Representative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1842 to 
1843. 

Mussell, Jeremiah. — He was born 
in New York, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1843 to 
1845. 

Mussell, John. — He was a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from New York, from 
1805 to 180t). 

Mussell, Jonathan. — He was ap- 
pointed Minister Plenipotentiary to Swe- 
den in 1814, and was a Representative iu 
Congress, from Massachusetts, from 1821 
to 1823. Died February 16, 1832. His 
birthplace was Middlesex County, Massa- 
chusetts. 

Mussell, Joseph, — He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from New York, 
from 1845 to 1847, and from 1851 to 1853. 

Mussell, JL. Samuel.— He was born 
in Pennsylvania, and was a Representative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1853 to 
1855. 

Mussell, William, — He was born in 
Ireland, and, having emigrated to Ohio, 
was a Representative in Congress, from 
that State, from 1827 to 1833, and again 
from 1841 to 1843. 

Mussell, William F. —Born in Sau- 
gerties, Ulster County, New York ; was a 
merchant for twenty years, and a member 
of the Legislature of New York, in 1850, 
serving one term ; was elected a Repre- 



BIOGBAPIIICAL BEC0BD8. 



333 



sontative from New York in the Thirty- 
fifth Congress, serving on the Committee 
on Indian Affairs. 

Must, Alltert. — He was born in Vir- 
ginia, ami, removing to Arkansas, was a 
Representative in Congress, from that 
State, from 1855 to 1857, and again from 
1851) to 18GI, serving on the Committee on 
Roads and Canals, and the Special Com- 
mittee of Thirty-Three on the Rebellious 
States. He took part in the Rebellion of 
18G1, and was a Brigadier-General. 

Mutherford, John. — He was a na- 
tive of New York City; a nephew of 
William Alexander, Earl of Stirling; 
graduated at New Jersey College in 1776 ; 
was educated a lawyer ; was a Presiden- 
tial Elector in 1798, 1813, and 1821; a 
Senator of the United States from New 
Jersey, from 1791 to 1798; and was the 
last survivor of the Senators in Congress 
during the administration of Washington. 
He early retired from public life, and, be- 
ing one of the largest landholders in New 
Jersey, was actively engaged in agricul- 
tural and internal improvements. He died 
at Ederston, New Jersey, February 23, 
1840, in the eightieth year of his age. 

Mutherfordf Mobert.—B.e was a 

Representative in Congress, from Vir- 
ginia, from 1793 to 1797. . 

Mutledge, Edward. — Born in 

Charleston, South Carolina, in November, 
1749 ; received a good education, and stud- 
ied law at the Temple in London ; he was 
a Delegate to the Continental Congress, 
from 1774 to 1777, and signed the Decla- 
ration of Independence ; he took part in 
military affairs, and was taken prisoner at 
Charleston, remaining in confinement 
nearly a year ; subsequently served in the 
State Assembly; in 1798 he was elected 
Governor of South Carolina, holding the 
office until his death, which occurred Jan- 
uary 23, 1800. He stood high both as an 
orator and a patriot. 

JRutledge, John. — He was born in 
Ireland, in 1739 ; emigrated to South Caro- 
lina ; studied law in England, and, return- 
ing to South Carolina in 1761, took an 
active part in the Revolutionary cause, and 
was a Delegate to the Continental Con- 
gress. In 1776 he was appointed President 
of South Carolina, and Commander-in- 
Chief of that Colony, having also been a 
member of the Convention of 1774. He 
was Governor of the State in 1779 ; Chan- 
cellor of the State in 1784; member of the 
Convention to form the Constitution, and 
signed that instrument; a Representative 
in^Congress, from 1797 to 1803 ; and, after 
having been Judge of the Court of Chan- 
cery, Chief Justice of South Carolina, and 
Judge of the Supreme Court of the Uni- 
ted States, was finally promoted to the 



position of Chief Justice, but was not con- 
firmed by the Senate. Died in July, 1800. 

Myall, D. jB.— He was born in Tren- 
ton, New Jersey; adopted the profession 
of law; and was a Represisntative in Con- 
gress, from that State, from 1839 to 1841. 

Sahin, Alvah. — He was born in Geor- 
gia, Vermont, October 23, 1793; was 
educated for the ministry ; and was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from that Stave, 
from 1853 to 1857. He served ten yeara in 
the State Legislature ; and was Secretary 
of State for Vermont in 1841. 

Sabine, Lorenzo. — He was born in 

Lisbon, New Hampshire, February 28, 
1803; was entirely self-educated; was 
bred a merchant; was for many years a 
bank officer; and was for some time Sec- 
retary of the Boston Board of Trade. He 
was three times elected to the Legislature 
of Maine, from Eastport, and was at one 
time Deputy Collector of the port of Pas- 
saraaquoddy. He has held, in Massachu- 
setts, the position of Confidential Agent of 
the Treasury Department ; and was a Rep- 
resentative, from that State, to the Thirty- 
second Congress. He has devoted much 
of his time to literary pursuits, and is 
the author of a "Life of Commodore 
Preble," "The American Loyalists," " Re- 
port on the American Fisheries," and 
" Notes on Duels and Duelling," and has 
been a contributor to the " North Ameri- 
can Review" and other leading periodicals. 
The degree of A. M. was conferred upon 
him by Bowdoin and Harvard Col- 
leges. 

SacJcett, Williain A. — Born in New 
York and was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from that State, from 1849 to 1853, 
and was a member of the Committee on 
Revolutionary Pensions. 

Sage, Ebenezer.—Ke graduated at 
Yale College in 1778, and was a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from New York, from 
1809 to 1815, and again from 1819 to 1820. 
He died in 1834. 

Sage, Mussell. — Born in Oneida 
County, New York, August 4, 1816; re- 
ceived a common-school education; com- 
menced active life as a clerk in a store at 
Troy, and until 1853 was wholly devoted 
to mercantile pursuits. In 1841 he was 
elected an Alderman in the City of Troy, 
and, by annual elections, served seven 
years in that capacity ; he was also Treas- 
urer of Rensselaer County for seven 
years, in which office he was especially 
popular; and he was a Representative in 
Congress, from New York, from 1853 to 
1857, serving on the Committees on Inva- 
lid Pensions, and on Ways and Means. 
He was the first man who advocated, on 
the floor of Congress, the purchase by the 



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Kx l:^\V Uo xv,>* ' aI. jxixd 

hAx u\jj *o\iwvvx\i -s iu <V 

VHXt^xxUj* vxf j^iHai'. . . . . u^uM * 

jxiMi of hki xvxvxUh 10 ?ho i>^x;»'vVUs^h>,uo«t of 
»^4«oJb\xw OvxlU^^^." whoiv xxx*x»)i- ^xixxxtti* 
tti^t »xxox\ hx^v^f Iv^m ovUvo«u\U llo vtte4 

vS^i«/Wr<l. r*«»»»rt><,— Uo WAS s Rovx- 
ro?«o»xt5x;ivo iw Cojx^rx^^. tK^m Kouuiolyr, 



// / (> (i u. A I' II I ('. A L It /; ''; () It. If s . 



?M 



Hfipp, Wdliam Jt.—Uo. vrMhorn in 

0((i';, iifi'l •,'/,) -t (I U'i>nH*;utM\vt: in C'm- 
grort"., hoiii Ur.iX HUU:, ifrinn \HT,'A Ut iH'tJ. 

Hfirf/ftrU, Ao/ron A.'-Whn horn In 

::, IHJ7 ; <;-'ir)y ftC'jtjIrod tt knowl<-jii(t; of 
iJi« itr'iiit.iti'X Uii^Uii;H-%; t',fn\nrnU:i\ U> ('nW- 
torttUt \n IHi'.f; HiwiU-A \nw , smt] cMuti to 
the b;ir In Kti; ntii\ In IHCl w;w *;)«;r;Wl a 
I It«pr«!«»<-'fiUf,lv«;, from iMifortiia, U> l,U*; 
TJilrty-«';v«!fiUi ('onurann, ncrwhtm m a 
jw.uvtcr of f,li<5 Hcicct ('ouiuiMU-.t; on iUn 
i't'-MU; H'-ii\ron(i, t/> which CMU-.rprUft he 
->»» particularly <h',voU'A. 

Haulnbury, fVIMa/n'fl.—^n.n bom in 

K';rit C'XiKty, Delaware, June 2, J/jiiO; 
wa<< c'lucaUid at Delaware College and 
fll»0 at DiekhiHon C'olle;<e; wturlh^l law, 
and wa« a'lmltt<r<l to the har in IMS; In 
1><.'0 he wan appoinf^id Atforney-Oeneral 
of Delaware, au'i held theolfU;/; five, yearn; 
and In IH^'J he wan eleet<;d a Hf;finU>r In 
('oni(r<',H'i for the tcrjn ending In l/*^;;*;, 
*';rv\jin on the <'ort}ut\Wn;H on Commerce, 
I'':ri«ilonx, and I'af,ent« and the J'atcnit 
Oflw. He wax al«(0 a I>elej<atc to the 
';hlca^o Convention " of J^'Ji; and wan 
elected f/> the Henatefor the t^;rni f^>fn- 
u\<'.n<-,'m'4 In IHOiJ and endin;^ In 1871, 
m'.rvh\% on the CoinniitUtb on MJnc» a«U 
Mlnin;^. 

HaunderHf RtynvulUH M. — fJom in 
-well Oftinty, SonU Carolina, March, 
j|. He received an a^ja^lemical educa^ 
lion, and Hpent two year« in the ('nlverj»ity 
of that State, He Htudied law In Tenne?»- 
>tee, and wa» a'lrnitted to pra/;tif;*; there In 
1812, He returned t/> North Carolina; 
Tva» In the Hou«<e of Commons from 1813 
to 1820, and for two yearn Hpeaker of the 
JfouHc, He wa» all'ipre^entative In C^m- 
^rcHH from 1821 t^> 1827, and from 1841 t^> 
18Ji5. In 1828 he wan Atf/>rney-f>eneral 
of the SUf^;; In J8'^<'} wa«» I'renldenfc of the 
It Board of <^;ommiH5*ionerM ty^ xef.tle the 
'■i'lhwi of American <'M\7/:nn nnder the 
ttyof.JuIy4, 1831, with Frtincj;', In 
;5 he wan eU-M'-A a Jod^^e of the Hu- 
me Court; in 184<^» he was appolnt<;d, 
IVenldenfc Polk, M]mHU;r to Hpain, 
wnere he remained fouryear»; on hl<« re- 
turn he wa»< a;(ain elected to the Les(i»la- 
»iire of North Carolina; after which he 
/ot<;d much att'mtlon to the rallroa^l 
r^rovemenfc)* of the Hta.Ui. Died in lia^ 
-b, April 21, 18«7. 

Savuf/e, 'lohn.—ii'-- wa--« a member 
of the New /ork A=»i«embly In 1814; ar;d 
from 1 8 i 5 to IHl'f a lK;prer-!entati ve in Con- 
grc>i« from that Htate. He xnfweqnently 
held the po-^ltionH of l>i«»trict Attorney, 
Comptroller of the Htat^,-, Chief JnniU-j; 
of the Supreme Court, anri Trea«»urer of 
the United State* for New York, and waw 
a J'rfewldential Klect^^r in i;j45. Died In 



year». 

Hfi/DaflKf John If.— lift wm f/T native 
of Wurrttii Coufif.y, lenne^xee. During; 
hi» tninorhv J<e volunfeer^^J a$< a private? 
.»ioldier,underOeneralCaine''*,f/^ defend the 
Texan frontier; al»»o served durlnjf a cane 
pal;(n in Florida, He nfU;rwnr(U studied 
law, and »unuutcAH'M<\ pra/;ti'^!, in I8JJ7, at 
Smillhville, '\'i;nit(^%*-M. He wan t:U;<;U-A 
(yiAouc) of the 'renne»r»ee Militia; wa» 
cMcMil by the, I>?s(l-<lat»jre Att'/rn^jy-Oen* 
eral of the Fourth DNtrl/;fc of hii Stat<; in 
1811, and field tiie orti'^; until 1847. Dur- 
l»S{ that year he rer^iived from l're*ident 
I'olk the appointment of Major In the Fonr- 
U:(;ulh l^;;^iment L'nlUid HUU'.h lufnuiry, 
and, Joining the American army in ,VIexh;/>, 
wa* preMjnt at the hattlen of Contrera**, 
CAttirnhnni-/), and \l<A\un del Key, and wa»< 
wounded at ChapniUjpe^;. He wa<» pro- 
woUA Uf the ifff^Mon of lAcnU-.ntiul (yoUh- 
nel, and as* «uch hf»/l f/nnutJuA of hi«« reg- 
iment, aft'jr the death of Colonel Craham, 
until the clone of the war. On rH*Mrmu% 
V> Tenne».4»ee, he reHun»ed the [irwXU-Ji of 
hi» profession; and was firs«t elecM^d a 
Il/;pre*entatjve in Conjfress In 184i>; |je 
was rti-cAcjA^A In 1831 ; declined heinj^ a 
candidat/j in 18,W; and was r<j-elect/rd in 
I83,'> and 18.'7, lie was a member of the 
Committ^je on Military Alfiiirs. 

HovrfMle, CutMn,—Ui; vran horn In 
Norridj<ewock, Maine ; uirsvUtnUA at iJow- 
doln ('/A\(;%ii in 1823; studied law, awl 
whftMUA to the bar in 182ii; s^;rved eij^ht 
years as li<;^UU;r of i'r'AmU: ; was a Sf ate 
Senator durinj^ the years 181'} and 1814; 
and was a liepre tentative in r;on;^ress, 
from Maine, from I>,13 to 18J7. and si^'aia 
from 1849 to 1»51. 

Ha/fjDyer, LernvM. — Was bom In 

Camden County, Nort.h Carolina, In 1777; 
educat^rd at Flatbush, ,Vew York; studiwj 
law; was in the Htat^j l>;ifi«'latnre in 1801, 
and vot^;d in the Klecf/>ral (>AU;<i<; tot 
Thomas .Je/fers^>n in 18^;4. He was elerjt- 
cd a ii/;presenta>.ive, from North Carolina, 
to CV/ni^ress in 18<'i7, servinj? until 1813; 
and subse^juently ?w;rved In the same ca- 
pacity from 181 7 t/* 1823, and from 1825 
to 182^J. About the year 183^) he re?fi'/Ted 
to Washin(^t/->n, and held a clerkship ia 
one of tiie <lfcpartmcnt«. 

Hawyer, ItMMuH. — He was V/m in 

Whitin^r, Addison f/ounty, Vermont; re- 
cj-AvA !i S(()0'i i-/>uiui(>n-^f'AiOfA and busi- 
ness education ; removed to Wisconnin, 
and devot*;/! hnnH'-Af to the Imnfmr tra/Je; 
wa« tAccUA t/} the />;j<islature of that 
Htate In 1837 and 18^;i ; in 18«3 he wa» 
(AfzCUA Mayor of <^ishkosh, ami re-ele^;t^jd 
in 18^P4; and waselect>;d a Ii*!pr'^«ent^*ive, 
from Wlsry^nsin, t^* the Thirty-ninth '^^^n- 
gress, serving on the Committees on Man- 



330 



BIOOBAPHICAL BECOBDS. 



ufactures and on Invalid Pensions. lie 
was also a Delegate to the Philadelphia 
"Loyalists' Convention" of 1866; and 
was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, 
serving on the Committee on Commerce 
and Southern Railroads. 

Sawyer, S> T. — He was born in 
North Caroliaa; and was a Representative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1837 
to 1839. He was appointed by President 
Pierce, Collector of Customs at Norfolk, 
Virginia; and was subsequently editor of 
the " Norfolk Argus." Died in New Jer- 
sey, November 29, 1865, aged sixty-five 
years. 

Sawyer, WilUam^—Born in Ohio, 
and was a Representative in Congress, 
from that State, from 1845 to 1849. 

Say, Benjamin.— Tie was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Pennsylvania, 
from 1808 to 1809, for the unexpired term 
of Joseph Clay. 

Scales, J'r., Alfred 31. — He was 

born in Rockingham County, North Caro- 
lina, November 26, 1827; was educated 
chiefly at the Chapel-Hill University; 
adopted the profession of law, and was 
admitted to the bar in 1851; was elected 
to the Legislature of North Carolina in 
1852 and 1856 ; and in 1857 he was elected 
a Representative, from his native State, 
to the Thirty-fifth Congress, and was a 
member of the Committee on the District 
of Columbia. He was also a Presidential 
Elector in 1861. 

Scaintnon, John JP.— Born in Saco, 
Maine, October 24, 1786; was bred a mer- 
chant; served in the Massachusetts Legis- 
lature, as Representative, during 1817, 
and in the Maine Legislature in 1820 and 
1821 ; was Collector of Customs at Saco 
from 1829 to 1841 ; was a Representative 
in Congress, from Maine, from 1845 to 
1847 ; a State Senator in 1855 ; Secretary 
of an Insurance Company from 1841 to 
1845 ; and Treasurer of a Savings-Bank, 
from 1843 to 1845. Died May 23, 1858. 

SchencJc, Abraham, jBT.— He was 
born in 1777; was a member of the New 
York Assembly in 1804, 1805, and 1806; 
and a Representative in Congress, from 
that State, from 1815 to 1817. He was 
among the first who engaged in the man- 
ufacture of cotton under the non-inter- 
course laws. Died in 1831. 

SchencJc, Ferdinand /Sf.— Born in 

Middlesex County, New Jersey, February 
11, 1790; he received a common-school 
education; and, having studied medicine, 
was for many years devoted to the prac- 
tice. In 182& he was elected to the State 
Legislature, and re-elected in 1830 and 
1831 ; and was a Representative in Con- 



gress, from New Jersey, from 1833 to 1837. 
He was a member, in 1844, of the Con- 
vention to revise the State Constitution, 
and was soon after elected a Judge of the 
Court of Errors and Appeal, which po- 
sition he held for eight years. Died at 
Camden, May 17, 1860. 

ScJienck, Robert C— Born in Frank- 
lin, Warren County, Ohio, October 4, 
1809 ; graduated at Miami University in 
1827, where he remained one or two years 
as a tutor; he studied law, and was ad- 
mitted to the bar in 1831, and settled in 
Dayton. In 1840 he was elected to the 
Ohio Legislature ; re-elected in 1842 ; ahd 
was a Representative in Congress, from 
his native State, from 1843 to 1851, serv- 
ing on many committees; during the 
Thirtieth Congress as Chairman of the 
Committee on Roads and Canals. On his 
retirement from Congress, lie was ap- 
pointed, by President Fillmore, Minister 
to Brazil, and during his residence in 
South America, he took part in negotiat- 
ing a number of treaties. On his return, 
in 1853, he became extensively engaged in 
the railway business. In 1861 he served 
as a Brigadier and Major-General in the 
Union army; and in 1862 was elected to 
the Thirty-eighth Congress, serving as 
Chairman of the Committee on Military 
Affairs. Re-elected to the Thirty-ninth 
Congress, and in 1865 he was appointed, 
by President Johnson, a member of the 
Board of Visitors to the West Point 
Academy, and was President of the 
Board. He served on the Committee on 
the Death of President Lincoln, and again 
at the head of the Committee on Military 
Affairs ; was a member of the National 
Committee appointed to accompany the) 
remains of President Lincoln to Illinois ; : 
also of the Committee on Retrenchment;, 
and he was one of the Representatives j 
designated by the House to attend the i 
funeral of General Scott in 1866. He wasj 
also a Delegate to the Philadelphia " Loy- 
alists' Convention" of 1866, and to the; 
" Soldiers' Convention " held at Pittsburg ; , 
and was re-elected to the Fortieth Con- 
gress, serving as Chairman of the Com- i 
mittee on Ordnance, and again of that on | 
Military Affairs. 

Scherinerhorn, Abraham Jf.— He ; 

was a Representative in Congress, from 
New York, from 1849 to 1853 ; and died in 
Rochester, New York, August 22, 1855. 

Schley, William^.^Born in Freder- 
ick City, Maryland, December 15, 1786. 
He received an academical education in 
Georgia; studied law, and was admitted 
to the bar at Augusta in 1812; continued 
the practice of his profession until 1825, 
when he was elected a Judge of the Su- 
perior Court of the Middle District of 
Georgia. He was elected to the State ; 
Legislature in 1830 ; and was a Repre- i 



BIOGBAPHICAL BECOBDS. 



337 



sentative in Congress from 1833 to 1835 ; 
and cUiriug the two following j^ears was 
Governor of Georgia. He pnblished a 
"Digest of the English Statutes." He 
was, when Governor, one of the most 
active supporters of the Western and At- 
lantic Railroad; and at the time of his 
death was President of the Medical Col- 
lege of Georgia. He died at Augusta, 
Georgia, November 20, 1858. 

Schoolcraft, John L. — He -was born 

in Albany, New York, and was all his life 
identified with that city as a merchant. 
He was for many years President of the 
Commercial Bank of Albany ; and was a 
Eepresentative in Congress, from New 
York, from 1849 to 1853. Died at St. 
Catherine's, Canada West, in May, 1860. 

Schoonmaker, Cornelius C— He 

was a Representative in Congress, from 
New York, from 1791 to 1793, and was for 
fourteen years, before and after the above 
terra, a member of the New York Assem- 
bly, from the County of Ulster. 

SchoonmaTcer, 3Ia7'ius. — Born in 

New York, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1851 to 
1853. 

Schunetnan, Martin G. — He was 

a Representative in Congress, from New 
York, from 1805 to 1807. He was a man 
of giant size, and of great force of char- 
acter. 

Schuretnan, James. — He was a 

prominent man in New Jersey during the 
Revolution, and was a graduate of Queen's 
College. He was a Representative in 
Congress, from New Jersey, from 1789 to 
1791, and from 1797 to 1799 ; a Senator in 
Congress from 1799 to 1801, when he re- 
signed ; and again a Representative from 
1813 to 1815. He was also at one time 
Mayor of New Brunswick. He was also 
a Delegate to the Continental Congress 
in 1786 and 1787. 

Schuyler, Philip.— W&s a native 
of Albany, New York. He was appointed 
Major-General in the army of the Revolu- 
tion in 1775, and despatched to the forti- 
fications in the north of New York, to 
prepare for the invasion of Canada. By 
the loss of his health, the command soon 
devolved upon Montgomery. On his re- 
covery, he directed the operations against 
Burgoyne, and, in consequence of the 
evacuation of Ticonderoga, he unreason- 
ably fell under some suspicion, and was 
superseded in command by General Gates. 
He afterwards rendered important ser- 
vices, though not in command. He was 
a Delegate to Congress previous to the 
present Constitution, and a Senator of 
the United States, by appointment, from 
1789 to 1791, and again in 1797, but re- 
22 



signed. He died at Albany in 1804, aged 
seventy-three. 

Schuyler, Philip J".— He was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from New York, 
from 1817 to 1819, and died in New York 
City, February 21, 1835, aged sixty -seven 
years. 

ScJiwarts, John.— Bora in Berks 
County, Pennsylvania, October 27, 1793 ; 
received a common-school education; 
served as a Lieutenant in the last war with 
Great Britain; was engaged in mercan- 
tile pursuits from 1806 to 1829, and from 
that year to 1857 was wholly devoted to 
farming. He was elected a Represent- 
ative, from Pennsylvania, to the Thirty- 
sixth Congress, but died before the expi- 
ration of his first session, in July, 1860. 

Sco field, Glenni TF.— He was born 
in Chautauqua County, New York, March 
11, 1817; graduated at Hamilton College 
in 1840, and removed to Warren, Penn- 
sylvania, where he was admitted to the 
bar in 1843. In 1850 and 1851 he was a 
member of the State Assembly, and from 
1857 to 1859 he was in the State Senate. 
In 1861 he was appointed President Judge 
of the Eighteenth Judicial District of the 
State, and in 1862 he was elected a Repre- 
sentative, from Pennsylvania, to the Thir- 
ty-eighth Congress, serving on the Com- 
mittees on Elections, and Expenditures in 
the War Department. Re-elected to the 
Thirty-ninth Congress, serving as Chair- 
man of the Committee on Ijnfinished 
Business. Re-elected to the Fortieth 
Congress, serving on the Committees on 
Elections, and Indian Aflairs. 

Scott, Charles JL. — He was born in 
Richmond, Virginia, January 23, 1827; 
graduated at William and Mary College ; 
studied law, and formed a partnership 
with his father in the practice of his pro- 
fession, at Richmond. In 1849 he em- 
barked, as a member of the Madison 
Mining and Trading Company, for Cali- 
fornia. In 1851 he abandoned the mines, 
and resumed the practice of law in Tuo- 
lumne County, California. He was elected 
a Representative in the Thirty-fifth and 
Thirty -sixth Congresses, from California, 
serving as a member of the Committees 
on Indian Affairs, and on the Post Office 
and Post Roads. 

Scott, Gustavus. — He was a Dele- 
gate, from Maryland, to the Continental 
Congress, from 1784 to 1785. 

Scott, JSarvey D.— He was born in 
Ohio, and, having removed to Indiana, 
was elected a Representative to the Thir- 
ty-fourth Congress from that State. 

Scott, John.— He was born in Han- 
over County, Virginia, in 1782; graduated 



338 



BIOanAFRICAL HECOUDS. 



at Princeton Collesre in 1805 ; moved wUh 
his parents to Indiana in 1802 : settled at 
St. Genevieve, Missouri, in 1805 ; was a 
Deleirate to Congress, from the Territory 
of Missouri, from 18K) to 1821, and a Rep- 
resentative in Conuress, from the same 
State, from 1821 to 1827. Died at St. 
Genevieve in ISGI. 

Scoff, JoJin.—He vras a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from Iluntingdou 
County, Peuusylvauia, from 1829 to 1831. 

Scoff, JoJin G.—'Wds born in Thihi- 
delphia, December 2tj. 1819; left that city 
when seventeen years of age to seek his 
fortune in the AVest ; settled in ]\Iissouri. 
and for many years resided at the Iron 
Mountain; engaged in the business of 
iron master, and developing the mineral 
resources of the State; and in 18ii2 he 
was, at a special election, elected a Rep- 
resentative, from Jlissouri. to the Thirty- 
eighth Congress, in the place of J. W. 
jS'oell, deceased. He ran for Congress at 
the regular election against Mr. Xoell, 
and was beaten by a small majority. His 
committee duties were rendered as a 
member of the Committee on Kevolutiou- 
ary Pensions. 

Scoff, John 3Iorin.—lle was Sec- 
retary of State of Xew York from 1778 to 
1789 ; and a Delegate, from New York, to 
the Continental Congress, from 1780 tol783. 

Scofff Tliomas.—^e was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Pennsylvania, 
from 1789 to 1791. and again from 1793 to 
1795. He was one of those who voted for 
locating the Seat of Government on the 
Potomac. 

Scranton, George IF.— Born in 
Madison, New Haven County, Connecti- 
cut, JNIay 23,1811; received a common- 
school education; and when eighteen 
years of age removed to New Jersey. He 
subsequently removed to Pennsylvania, 
and engaged in the iron and railroad busi- 
ness, having extensive interests at Oxford, 
]!\ew Jersey, and at Scranton, Pennsylva- 
nia; he held the positions, severally, of 
President of the Lackawanna and AVestern 
Railroad Company and of the Cayuga and 
Susquehanna Railway Company; and in 
185S he w;is elected a Representative, 
fi'om Pennsylvania, to the Thirty-sixth 
. Congress, serving on the Coannittee on 
' Manufactures. Re-elected to the Thirty- 
seventh Congress, but died at Scran- 
ton, Peuusylvauia, Mai'ch 2-1:, 18G1. 

Scudder, John ^.— He was a native 
of New Jersey ; a physician by profession ; 
served a number of years in tlie Assembly 
of his native State; and was a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from Now Jersey, for 
the unexpired term of James Cox, who 
died in 1810. 



Scudder, Nafhaniel. — He gradua- 
ted at Princeton Ci>llege in 1751; was a 
Delegate from New Jersey to the Conti- 
nental Congress, from 1777 to 1779. and 
was one of the Signers of the Articles of 
Confederatiou. Died iu 1781. 

Sciidder, TrcadiveU.— lie was for 
six years a member of the New York As- 
sembly, and a Representative in Congress, 
from New York, from 1817 to 1819. " 

Scudder, Zeno. — He was born in 
Barnstable. Massachusetts, August 18, 
1807; and tilled with credit various public 
positions. He was President of the Mas- 
sachusetts Senate, and a Representative 
iu Congress from 1851 to 185+, when he 
was compelled, by failing health, to Ve- 
sigu his seat. He was a good lawyer, 
enjoyed the confidence aud respect of the 
community in which he lived, .and died at 
Barnstable, Massachusetts, June 26, 1857. 

Seurrif, liicJiardson.— Born in Ten- 
nessee, and was elected a Representative 
in Congress, from Texas, from 1851 to 
1853. 

Seaman. Henry J.— lie was born "^ 
in New York : and was a Representative 
in Congress, from thai State, from 1845 to 
1847. 

Searing. John A. — Born in Queen's 
County. New York, May U. 1814. His 
fiither died when he was young, and he 
was educated at the common schools of 
New York by his grandparents. He was 
bred a farmer, held several public posi- 
tions previously to his election as a mem- 
ber of the State Legislature in 1853. aud 
was chosen a Representative to the Thir- 
ty-fifth Congress, serving on the Commit- 
tees on Revolutiouary Pensions, aud Ac- 
counts. 

Searle. Jatne^. — He was a Delegate 
to the Contincural Congress, from Peuu- 
sylvauia, from 1778 to 1780. 

Seaver, Ehenezer.—V>oxn in 1763; 
graduated at Harvard University in 1784; 
was a member of the State Legislature 
fi-om 1794 to 1802 ; member of the •• St^ue 
Constitutional Couveution " of 1820 ; aud a 
Representative in Congress, from Muss.a- 
chusetts, from 1803 to" 1813. 11.:" died iu 
Roxbury, Massachusetts, March 1, 1844. 

Sebastian, WilUant X.— Born iu 
Vernon. Tennessee, and educateii at Co- 
lumbia College, iu that State. He settled 
as a lawyer in Arkansas in 1835, and Avas 
soon after appointed Prosecntiiiff At- 
torney, and held the office until 1837; he 
was Circuit Judjie from 1840 to 1842. aud 
was .appointed ia the latter year Sapreme 
Judire. He was a State Senator, aud 



BIOGRAPHICAL BECOnDS. 



339 



President of the body in 184G, and Presi- 
dential Elector in 1848. He wiis a United 
States Senator from 1848 to 1853, a,^:ain 
from 18i53 to 1859, and re-elected for a 
term of six j'ears, serving as Cliairnian of 
tlie Committee on Indian Attairs, and a 
member of tiic Committee ou Territories. 
Expelled July 11, 18(51. 

Seddoiif tTames A. — Tie was born in 
Virginia, and was elected a IJepreseutative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1845 to 
1847, and again from 1849 to 1851 ; was a 
member of the Rebel Government, as mem- 
ber of Congress, in 18G1, having previously 
been a Delegate to the "Peace Congress" 
of that year. In 18G2he became the Con- 
federate Secretary of War. 

SedgwlcJc, C jB.— Born in Pompey, 
New lork, Marcli, 1815; adopted the pro- 
fession of law; and was elected a Repre- 
sentative, from New Yorli, to the Thirty- 
sixth Congress, serving as a member of 
the Committee on Naval AllUirs, Re- 
elected to the Thirtj'-seventh Congress, 
serving as Chairman of tliat Committee. 
In 18G3 he was appointed, by President 
Lincoln, a Comn)issiouer to look after 
certain naval affairs. 

Sedgtvicic, TJieodore.— Was born at 
West Hartford, Connecticut, in May, 174G. 
He was educated at Yale College, but did 
not graduate. On leaving this Institution, 
he commenced the study of theology, but 
soon relinquished it, and studied law, and 
was admitLed to the bar before reaching 
the age of twenty-one. He commenced 
practice at Great Barrington, Massachu- 
setts, then settled at Sheffield, and after- 
wards at Stockbridge, in the same county, 
He was a zealous patriot in the Revolu- 
tionary war. He was a member of the 
Provincial Congress in 1785 and 1786; 
and a Representative in Congress, after 
the adoption of the Constitution, from 
1789 to 179G. He was a Senator of the 
United States froni 1796 to 1798, and 
served as President pro tern, during one 
session. lu 1799 he was again a member 
of tlie House, and was chosen Speaker. 
From 1802 until his death he was a Judge 
of the Supreme Court of Massachusetts. 
He died at Boston, January 24, 1813. He 
received the degree of LL.D. from Prince- 
ton and Cambridge. As a statesman and 
jurist he was highly valued by his country. . 
His life was in an uncommon degree varied 
and active; his industry was unwearied, 
and an ardent enthusiasm was the basis 
of his character. 

Segar, Joseph iJ.— Born in King 
William County, Virginia, June 1, 1804. 
In 1836 he was elected to the House of 
Delegates of Virginia, and served a num- 
of years; was again elected to the same 
position in 1848, and continued to serve 
almost uninterruptedly until the State re- 



belled against tlie Union. After Eastern 
Virginia was restored to the Pederal au- 
thority lie was elected a Representative, 
from Virginia, to the Thirty-seventh Con- 
gress. 

Selden, Dudlej/.— HP ormer]y a promi- 
nent member of the New York bar, and 
a Representative in Congress, from New 
York, from 1833 to 1835. He died iu 
Paris, France, November 7, 1855. 

Selye, Leivis.—Ue was born in Chit- 
tenango, Madison County, Now York, 
July 11, 1808; received a common-school 
education; removed to Rochester in 1824, 
and became extensively engaged in the 
manufacturing business, and was long 
identified with, the growth and interests 
of tliat city. He was for many years a 
member of tiie city Corporation ; also held 
the office of Supervisor of Monroe County, 
and was for seven years the Treasurer of 
the county; and in 186G he was elected a 
Representative, from New York, to the 
Fortieth Congress, serving on the Com- 
mittees on Manufactures, and Revolu- 
tionary Pensions. 

Senunes, Benedict J. — Was born in 
Charles County, Maryland, November 1, 
1789. He was bred to the profession of 
metlicine, and graduated at the Medical 
School in Baltimore about the year 1811. 
He settled in Piscataway, Maryland, where 
he acquired an extensive practice, but 
subsequently reliuquisJied his profession. 
In the year 1821 he was elected to the 
State Legislature; was again elected in 
1825, 1827, and 1828, and during one ses- 
sion was chosen Speaker of the House of 
Delegates. In 1821 he introduced and 
carried through a l)ill for removing relig- 
ious tests, as applicable tr) office in Main- 
land. In 182'J Jie was elected to Congress, 
and was re-elected in 1831 ; but his health 
soon after failing, he found it necessary to 
retire, at a time when there was no oppo- 
sition to him in his district. He again 
served iu the State Legislature in 1842 
and 1843, since Avhich time he has lived in 
retirement on his estate in the County of 
Prince George. 

Seinple, Jaines.— ll'i was boi*n in 

Kentucky, in 1800, but emigrated to Illi-» 
nois in 1827. He was elected to the Illi- 
nois Legislature for six years, during four 
of which he officiated as Speaker of tlie. 
House of Representatives. In 1833 he was 
elected Attorney-General of the State; 
appointed Charge d'Alfaires to New Gra- 
nada in 1837; elected one of the Judges of 
the Supreme Court of the State in 1842; 
and was a Senator in Congress, from 
Illinois, from 1843 to 1847. Died at Elsah 
Lauding, Illinois, iu January, 1867. 

Seney, Joshua.— lie was a Delegate 
to the Continental Congress iu 1787 and 



340 



BIOGBAFniCAL BECOItDS. 



17S8, ancl a Representative in Congress, 
from Marylautl, from 178i) to 1792. 

Seiiter, William T.— Born in Gran- 
ger County, Tennessee, in 1802, and died 
thei-e August 28, 1849. He was a liepre- 
seutative in Congress, from tliat State. 
from 18i3 to 1845. 

Sergeant, JTolin.—Tle was born in 
Thiladelphia in 1779 ; graduated at Prince- 
ton College in 1795; "lie was for a short 
time a clerk in a store, but studied law, 
and was admitted to the bar in 1709. His 
first appointment AA'as that of Prosecutor 
for the Commonwealth, which he held 
several years. He was for more than half 
a century known and honored for his ex- 
traordinary ability in his profession of the 
law, for his habitual courtesy, his liberal 
fairness, and his integrity. Elected to 
Congress, he served tliere from 1815 to 
1823T from 1827 to 1829. and from 1837 to 
1842. He was especially famous for his 
part in the great Missouri Compromise of 
1820. Por "the Panama Congress, Mr. 
Sergeant was selected by President Adams 
to 1-epresent the United States. The 
measures of international law which were 
proposed to be settled in that Congress 
were deemed so important, that Mr. Clay, 
the Secretary of State, had tilled eighty 
pages of instructions to Mr. Sergeant on 
the subject. In 1832 Mr. Sergeant was 
the Whig candidate for Vice-President, 
being upon the same ticket with Henry 
Claj\ Porty-nine electoral votes were 
cast for these candidates. At the outset 
of Harrison's administration, Mr. Ser- 
geant was tendered the mission to Eng- 
land, which he declined. In the cause 
' of charity he was never appealed to in 
vain; and, for many j-ears bt^fore his 
deatli, took an active interest in all the 
public aftairs of his native city. He died 
in Philadelphia, November 23, 1852. 

Sergeant, tTonathan Z).— He grad- 
uated at Princeton College in 1762 ; and 
was a Delegate, from New Jersey, to the 
Continental Congress, in 1776 and 1777. 
Died in 1793. 

Settle, Thomas. — He was born in 
Rockingham County, North Carolina. He 
was a Representative in the Legisla- 
ture of that State in 1815, and in 1826, 
1827, and 1828, at which last session he 
■vvas Speaker of the House of Commons. 
He was a Representative in Congress, 
from 1817 to 1821. In 1832 he was chosen 
Judge of the Superior Court of Law and 
Equity, and held the otlice for twenty 
years, when he resigned. He was highly 
esteemed for his many virtues. He died 
in Rockingham County, August 5, 1857, 
vtged sixty-five. 

Severance, Luther. -He was born in 
Montague, Massachusetts, October 28, 



1797; and, having been bred a printer, was 
the founder and editor of the '' Kennebec 
Journal " from 1825 to 1849, and a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Maine, from 
1843 to 1847. He was frequently a mem- 
ber of tiie Maine Legislature — tive years 
in the Assembly, and two years iu tlie 
Senate— and, by President Taylor, was 
appointed Commissioner to the Sandwich 
Ishuids. He died of a cancer, January 25, 
1855, at Augusta, Maine. 

Sevier, Ambrose ^.— Born in Ten- 
nessee in 1802. He hail few early advan- 
tages of education, but he relied on his 
own energies, and removed to the Terri- 
tory of Arkansas, where, before the age of 
twenty-one, he was admitted to the bar as 
an attorney. He was lirst elected Clerk 
of the Legislature, and, so soon as he was 
eligible, was elected a member of that body, 
first in 1823, and again in 1825. From 
1827 to 1836 he was a Delegate to Con- 
gress, from Arkansas ; and when the Ter- 
ritory became a State, in 1836, he was 
elected a Senator in Congress. Ho was 
Chairman for many years, of the Com- 
mittee on Indian Aftairs, and afterwards 
of the Co.Tiiuittee on Foreign Relations. 
He resigned his seat in the Senate in 1848, 
to accept the appointment, from President 
Polk, of a special mission to Mexico, to 
negotiate a peace. He possessed the un- 
bounded confidence of his constituents 
and party. He died at Little Rock, De- 
cember 21, 1848. 

Sevier, John, — A native of Tennessee, 
having been born in 1744; was an olficerin 
the Revolutionary war, and distinguished 
himself in the battle at King's Mountain, 
in 1780. For his services on that occasion, 
the Legislature of North Carolina, in 1813, 
votedliiuia sword. He commanded the 
forces which defeated the Creek and Cher- 
okee Indians, in 1789. He was aftei-wards 
a General in the Provisional army ; and, 
from 179G to 1801 and 1803 to 1809, Gov- 
ernor of Tennessee ; he was a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from North Carolina, 
in 1790 and 1791, and from Tennessee from 
1811 to 1815, and was then appointed, by 
President Monroe, one of tlie Commission- 
ers to ascertain the boundary line of the 
Creek Territory, and died, while engaged 
in that service, at Fort Decatur, Septem- 
ber 24, 1815. He was one of those who 
voted for locating the Seat of Government 
on the Potomac. 

Seivall, Samuel.— Born in Boston, 
December 11, 1757. He graduated at Har- 
vard College in 1776; was a lawyer by 
profession, and settled at Marblehead; in 
1796 was elected a Representative in Con- 
gress, serving till 1800, when he resigned, 
and was distinguished in that body by his 
knowledije of commercial law; was Ji 
PresidenUal Elector in 1801. In 1800 he 
was placed upon the bench of the Supreme 



UIOORAPIIICAL BECORDS. 



VAl 



Court of Massachusetts, and in 1813 was 
appointed Cliief Justice, lie died at Wis- 
casset, June 8, 1814, where tiie f^enticmen 
of the bar erected a mouumeut to his 
memory. 

Seivard, James X.— lie was born 
in Georgia, and ijred a lawyer. lie lirst 
entered Congress in 1853, as a Represent- 
ative from Georgia, and continued thereto 
the close of the Thirty-llfth Congress, 
serving as a member of the Committee on 
Naval Affairs. 

Seward, Willunn fl".— He was born 
in Florida, Orange County, New York, 
May If), 1801 ; graduated at Union College 
in i820; studied law and was admitted to 
the bar in 1822, and settled at Auburn in 
1823. In 1830 he was elected to the State 
Senate for four years ; in 1834, as a Whig, 
he was tlie unsuccessful candidate for 
Governor of the State; in 1838 he was re- 
nominated and elected for two years; was 
also re-elected for two years, and in 1843 
lie resumed the practice of his profession 
at Auburn, attending to business chiefly 
in the Federal courts. In 1849 he was 
chosen a Senator in Congress, from New 
York, for six years, and took his seat at 
the extra session called to consider the 
nomination of President Taylor. He was 
re-elected in 18.j5 and held the position 
until he became Secretary of St;ite, under 
President Lincoln, in 18i!l. In 1800 he 
was spoken of as a candidate for the 
Presidency, and during that year made a 
pilgrimage to Egypt and the Holy Land. 
On the night of the assassination of Pres- 
ident Lincoln, April 14, 180.5, vvliile con- 
fined to his bed by serious illness, an 
attempt was made to take his life also. 
The assassin, named Payne, inflicted a 
severe wound with a knife, from the effects 
of which, after much suffering, he finally 
recovered, and resumed his duties in the 
cal)inet. In 1849 he published the "Life 
and Public Services of John Quincy 
Adams;" and his own life and collected 
speeches were published in four volumes 
between 1853 aucl 1862, edited by George 
E. Baker. 

Sewell, tTatnes.— Was a Representa- 
tive, from Maryland, in the Third Session 
of the Twenty-seventh Congress, for the 
unexpired term of James W. Williams, 
deceased. 

* 

Seyhert, Adain.—Tie was a citizen of 
Philadeipiiia, and a Representative in Con- 
gress, from Pennsylvania, from 1809 to 
1815, and again from 1817 to 1819. He 
died at Paris, May 2, 1825, bequeathing 
$1,000 for educating the deaf and dumb, 
and $.vOO to the Orphan Asylum in Phila- 
delphia. He was a man of science, and 
was particularly skilful as a chemist and 
mineralogist. He published Statistical 



Annals of the United States from 1789 to 
1818. 

Seymour, David Li. — He was born 
in Connecticut in 1802; removed to New 
York, and in 1830 was a member of the 
State Legislature; was a Master in Chan- 
cery; was a Representative in Congress, 
from New York, from 1843 to 1815, and 
from 185! to 1853. He was also a Delegate 
to the " State C'onstiLutionai Coiivt;nlion" 
of 1807. l>ied at Lanesboro, Massachu- 
setts, October 11, 1807. 

Seytnour, JIoraUo.—Tion) in Litch- 
field, Connecticut, May 31. 1778; gradu- 
ated at Yale College in 1797; studied law 
at the Litcidield school, and settleil in Mid- 
dlebury, Vermont. He was a Judge of 
Probate, member of the Council, and a 
Senator in Congress, from Vermont, from 
1821 to 1833, serving as Chairman of the 
Committee on Agriculture. He died at 
Middlebury, NoYeraber 21, 1857. 

Seymour. Orif/en S. — He was bom 

in Liu-lilield, Connecticut, in 1804; was 
bred a lawyer; served in the State Legis- 
lature and as a Speaker in 1850 ; and was a 
Representative in Congress, from Connect- 
icut, from 1851 to 1855. He was subse- 
quently chosen a Judge of the Superior 
Court of Coiniecticut, which office he held 
for eight years. 

Seymour, Thomas H.—lle was 

born in Hartford, Connecticut, in 18US; 
was educated at the Middletown Military 
Academy; studied law and practised the 
profession in Hartford; was, for several 
years, the editor of a leading paper; was 
a Judge of Probate ; a Representative in 
Congress, from Connecticut, from 1843 to 
1845; in 1840 went to Mexico as a Major 
of the New England Regiment, which he 
commanded after the fall of Colonel Ran- 
som ; was with General Scott at the City 
of Mexico; was a Presidential Elector in 
1852; and elected Governor of the State 
in 1850, and re-elected three times; and 
was appointed, by President Pigrce, Min- 
ister to Russia. 

Seymour, William. — He was born 
in Connecticut, served as a member of the 
New York Assembly in 1832 and 1834, and 
was a Representative in Congress from 
1835 to 1837. 

ShadwicJc, William. —Ug was a 

member of Congress, from North Caro- 
lina, during the years 1790 and 1797. 

ShanMin, George S.—He was a 
Presidential Elector in 1804, and elected 
a Representative, from Kentucky, to the 
Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on Iho 
Committees on the Death of President 
Lincoln, the District of Columbia, and 
the Memphis Riot. 



342 



BTOGBAPRIOAL BEGOBDS. 



Shanks, J'ohn P. C. — Born in Mar- 

tinsburg, Virginia, June 17, 1826; was for 
the most part self-ediieated ; removed to 
Indiana, where he studied law, and com- 
menced practice in 1850; was elected to 
the Indiana Legislature in 1853 and 1854; 
and in 1860 he was elected a Representa- 
tive, from Indiana, to the Thirt3'-seventh 
Congress, serving on the Committees on 
Private Land Claims, and on Agriculture. 
He visited the field of Bull Run, in Julj', 
1861, as a spectator, but became a partici- 
pant; during the subsequent recess of 
Congress, he served in Missouri as a 
mem«?er of General Fremont's staff, per- 
forming some other military service until 
lie resumed his seat in Congress, in De- 
cember, 1861. lie was a Delegate to the 
Pittsburg " Soldiers' Convention " of 
1866 ; and re-elected to the Fortieth Con- 
gress, serving as Chairman of the Com- , 
mittee on Union Prisoners, and on those of ' 
the Militia and Indian Affairs. 

Shannon, Thomas. — He was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from Ohio, from 
1826 to 1827. 

Shannon, Thomas ^. — Born in 

Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania, in 
1827; emigrated to Illinois in 1844; in 
1849 to California; from 1854 to 1861 
was engaged in merchandising; served 
four sessions in the California Legislature ; 
and in 1863 he was elected a Representa- 
tive, from California, to the Thirty-eighth 
Congress, serving on the Committee on 
Indian Affairs. He was a member of the 
National Committee appointed to accom- 
pany the remains of President Lincoln to 
Illinois. 

Shannon, Wilson.— Tie was born in 
Belmont County, Ohio, February 24, 1802; 
educated at Athens College, in Ohio, and 
Transylvania University, in Kentucky; 
adopted the profession of law, and in 
1835 was Prosecuting Attorney for the 
State of Ohio; was elected Governor of 
Oliio in 1837, and again in 1842 ; by Presi- 
dent Tyler was appointed Minister to 
Mexico in 1844 ; and was a Representative 
in Congress, from Ohio, from 1853 to 1855. 
In 1855 he was appointed by President 
Pierce, Governor of the Territory of 
Kansas. 

Sharp, Solomon J?.— He was born 
in Virginia, but removed to Kentucky 
when a child ; he received a limited edu- 
cation, but studied law, and was admitted 
to the bar when nineteen years of age, 
and was successful ; he served a number 
of years in the State Legislature; was 
Attorney-General of the State ; and a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from Kentuckv, 
from 1813 to^ 1817. He fell by the hand 
of an assassin, while a member of the 
Legislature, in November, 1835, aged fifty- 
five years; and a legislative reward of 



$3,000, for the arrest of the iiiurderer, was 
offered, but in vain. 

Sharpe, JPeter. — He was a member 
of the Assembly of New York from 1814 
to 1820, officiating a number of sessions 
as Speaker; he was also a meml)er of the 
" State ConstitutionalCouvention"of 1821 ; 
a Representative in Congress, from 1823 
to 1825; and a member of the "Tariff 
Convention " held in 1827. 

Sharpe, William.— Ke was a Dele- 
gate, from North Carolina, to the Conti- 
nental Congress, from 1779 to 1782. 

Shaiv, Aaron. — Born in Orange 
County, New York, in 1811 ; a lawyer by 
profession; Avas State's Attorney for 
eight years in the Fourth Judicial Circuit 
of Illinois ; and was a member of the State 
House of Representatives in 1849 and 
1850. He was elected a Representative 
to the Thirty-fifth Congress, from Illinois, 
serving as a member of the Committee on 
the Militia. 

Shaw, Henry. — B-e was born in 
Windham County, Vermont; studied law 
with Judge Foot, in Albany, New York, 
and settled in practice in Lanesborough, 
Berksliire County, Massachusetts, at the 
age of twenty-two; he was nominated 
for Congress before he was eligible, and 
Avas subsequently elected, in 1816, to the 
Sixteenth Congress, and voted for the 
Missouri Compromise, which prevented 
his re-election. He was an intimate 
friend of Henry Clay, and a personal 
friend and acquaintance of ten of the 
Presidents of the United States. He was 
a member of the Massachusetts Legisla- 
ture for eighteen years, also a member of 
the Governor's Council, and was the 
pioneer in the manufacturing prosperity 
of Western Massachusetts. In 1833 he 
Avas also a Presidential Elector. In 1848 he 
removed to New York, and resided at 
Fort Washington, on the Hudson; was & 
member of the Board of Education in 
New York City, and two years in the 
Common Council, and in 1853 was a mem- 
ber of the Assembly. He removed to 
Newburg in 1854, whei'e he resided until 
within a" few months of his death, Avhich 
occurred at Peekskill, October 17, 1857, 
aged sixty-nine years. 

SJiaiv, Henri/ JJT.— He' was born at 
Newport, Rhode Island, November 20, 
1819 ; studied medicine, and graduated at 
the University of Pennsylvania; removed 
to North Carolina, and was a State Sena- 
tor in 1852, and a Representative, from 
that State, in the Thirty-third and Thirty- 
fifch Congresses, and was a member of 
the Committees on Manufactures and 
Revolutionary Pensions. During the Re- 
bellion, he served as a Colonel in the Con- 



BIOGRAPHICAL BECOBDS. 



343 



federate Army, and was killed near New- 
bern, in Februar}-, 186i. 

Shaw, Samuel.— Tie was born in 

Dighton, Massachusetts, in December, 
1768, and removed to Putney, Vermont, 
at tlie age of ten years; lie received a 
limited education ; commenced the study 
of medicine at the age of seventeen, and 
In two years entered upon the practice of 
Lis profession at Castleton, Vermont, and 
became eminent as a surgeon. He entered 
early into politics, and was one of the 
victims of the Sedition Law; for his de- 
nunciation of the administration of Jolni 
Adams he was imprisoned, and liberated 
by tlie people without the forms of law ; 
and in 1791) was returned as a member of 
the State Legislature. He was for some 
time a member of the State Council, and 
was a Representative in Congress, from 
Vermont, fi'om 1808 to 1813, having suc- 
ceeded J. Wetherell, resigned. He was a 
persona] friend of Jefierson and Madison, 
and gave his earnest support to the meas- 
ures for the prosecution of the war. On 
his retirement from Congress he was ap- 
pointed Surgeon in the array, and removed 
to the City of New York ; he was subse- 
quently stationed at Greenbush, St. Louis, 
and at Norfolk, and held this office until 

1816. As an instance of his physical en- 
durance, it may be mentioned that he, on 
one occasion, rode on horseback from St. 
Louis, Missouri, to Albany, New York, 
in twenty-nine consecutive days. He died 
at Clarendon, Vermont, October 22, 1827. 

Shaw, Tristani. — Born in Ncat 
Hampshire, in 1787; was a Representa- 
tive in Congress, from that State, from 
1839 to 1843 ; and died at Exeter, New 
Hampshire, March 1-1, 1843. 

Sheaf e, Jatnes. — He was born in 
1755; Mas a Representative in Congress, 
from New Hampshire, from 1790 to 1801^; 
a Senator in Congress in 1801 and 1802, 
resigning June, 1802; and died at Ports- 
mouth, is^'ew Hampshire, in 1829. 

Sheffer, Daniel. — He was born in 
Pennsylvania, and was a Representative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1837 to 
1839. 

Sheffey, Daniel. — He was born at 
Frederick', Maryland, in 1770; had a lim- 
ited education ; was bred to the trade of 
a shoemaker, and settled in Augusta, Vir- 
ginia; he afterwards studied laAv, engaged 
in a lucrative practice, and frequently 
represented his county in the House of 
Delegates. He was a Representative in 
Congress, from Virginia, from 1809 to 

1817, and took a high ranli. His speech 
in favor of the renewal of the first Bank 
of the United States was a masterly pro- 
duction. He was opposed to the war of 



1812. He died at his home, December 3, 
1830. 

Sheffield, William P. — He was 

boi'u at New Shoreham (Block Island), 
Newport County, Rhode Island, August 
30, 1820. His education was ol)tained first 
at Kingston Academy, and then from a 
private tutor; studied law at Harvard 
University, and was admitted to the bar 
in 1844. In 1841 and 1842 he was elected 
to Conventions called to frame a State 
Constitution; in 1845 he was elected, 
from his native town, to the State Assem- 
bly; removing liis residence to Tiverton, 
he was again elected to the Assembly lu 
1849, where he continued to serve until 
1853, when he resigned his seat, and set- 
tled in Newport. That city he represent- 
ed in the Assembly from 1857 to 1861, 
when he was elected a Representative, 
from Rhode Island, to the Thirty^-seventh 
Congress, serving as a member of the 
Committees on Commerce, and on For- 
eign Aflairs. 

Shellabarger, Samuel. — Born in 

Clark County, Ohio, December 10, 1817; 
graduated at the Miami University, Ohio, 
in 1841; adopted the profession of law; 
was a member of the Ohio Legislature iu 
1852 and 1853 ; and was elected a Repre- 
sentative, from Ohio, to the Thirty- 
seventh Congress, serving on the Com- 
mittee on Expenses in the Interior De- 
partment. In 1804 he was re-elected to 
the Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the 
Committees on Elections and Expendi- 
tures in the State Department, and the 
Special Committees on the Civil Service, 
and the New Orleans Riots, and as Chair- 
man of the Committee on the Provost 
Marshal Bureau. He was also a Delegate 
to the "Philadelphia Loyalists' Conven- 
tion" of 1866, and was re-elected to the 
Fortieth Congress, serving on the Com- 
mittee on the Assassination of President 
Lincoln. 

Shepard, Charles JB. — Born in 
Newbern, North Carolina, December 5, 
1807; graduated at Chapel Hill in 1827; 
Avas elected to Congress iu 1837, where he 
continued to serve until 1841 ; and died in 
October, 1843. 

Shepard, William I>. — Born In 
Newbern, North Carolina, iu 1799; edu- 
cated at Chapel Hill; studied law, and 
became eminent in his profession; was a 
Representative iu Congress from 1827 to 
1837, when he declined a re-election; iu 
1838 he was elected to the State Senate, 
and served five terms. He died at Eliza- 
beth City, June 20, 1852. 

Shejyherd, William.— ^orn in Mas- 
sachusetts, December 1, 1737; he served 
six years as a Captain iu the Revolutiou- 



344 



BIOGEAPHICAL BEOOBDS. 



ary army, and distinguished himself at 
William Henry and Crown Poiat; in 1783 
he was chosen a Brigadier-General, hav- 
ing fought in twenty-two battles ; he was 
subsequently a Major-General of Militia; 
and a Eepresentative in Conijress from 
1797 to 1803. Died at Westfleld, Massa- 
chusetts, November 11, 1817. 

- Shepley, Ether.— A. Senator in Con- 
gress, from Maine, from 1833 to 1836. He 
was born in Groton, Massachusetts, No- 
vember 2, 1789 ; graduated at Dartmouth 
College in 1811; studied law, and com- 
menced the practice in Saco, but subse- 
quently settled in Portland ; he was in the 
Massacliusetts Legislature in 1819; a 
member of the Convention that formed the 
first Constitution of Maine in 1820; he 
was, for thirteen years. Attorney of the 
United States for Maine; after leaving 
the Senate of the United States, he was 
chosen a Justice of the Supreme Court of 
Maine, and subsequently Chief Justice of 
the same, which latter position he held un- 
til 1855. While on the bench he furnished 
the materials for twenty-six volumes of 
Eeports, and, as sole Commissioner, was 
appointed to revise the statutes of Maine. 
He was Trustee of Bowdoin College, from 
which institution he received the degree 
of LL.D. 

Sheplor, Matthias.— Born in Penn- 
sylvania, and was a Eepresentative in 
Congress, from Ohio, from 1837 to 1839. 

Shepperd, Augustus M.—Hq was 
born in Surry County, North Carolina; 
educated a lawyer; served in the House 
of Commons from 1822 to 1826 ; and was 
a Eepresentative in Congress from 1829 
to 1839; again from 1841 to 1843, and 
again from 1847 to 1851. 

Sherburne, John S.—TLq was born 
in New Hampshire ; graduated at Dart- 
mouth College in 1776 ; attended the law 
school at Harvard ; was a Eepresentative 
in Congress, from New Hampshire, from 
1793 to 1797; was United States District 
Attorney in 1803, and Judge of the United 
States District Court from 1803 to 1830. 
He died in 1830, aged seventy-three years. 

Sheredine, Upton. — He was a Eep- 
resentative in Congress, from Maryland, 
from 1701 to 1792. 

Sherman, John. — He was born in 
Lancaster, Ohio, May 10, 1823 ; received a 
good education; adopted the profession of 
law, and came to the bar in 1844. In 1848 
and 1852 he was a Delegate to the Whig 
Conventions of those yeai'S; in 1854 he 
was elected a Eepresentative, from Ohio, 
to the Thirty-fourth Congress ; re-elected 
to the Thirty-fifth ; and, on being returned 
for the Thirty-sixth Congress, lie was the 
Kepublican candidate for Speaker, and 



after an unprecedented contest, wanted 
only one or two votes to secure his elec- 
tion; and during that Congress he was 
Chairman of the Committee on Ways and 
Means. In 1860 he was elected to the 
Thirty-seventh Congress, but in 1861, on 
the resignation of Senator Chase, he was 
chosen a Senator in Congress, for the 
term expiring in 1867, serving as Chair- 
man of the Committees on Agriculture and 
on Finance, and as a member of those on 
the Pacific Eailroad and the Judiciary. In 
January, 1866, he was re-elected to the 
Senate for the term commencing in 1867, 
and ending in 1873; serving again at the 
head of the Finance Committee, and ou 
those on the Patent Olfice and the Pacific 
Eailroad. The distinguished General 
bearing his name is his brother. 

Sherman, J. W. — He was born in 
New York, and was elected a Eepresenta- 
tive, from that State, to the Thirty-fifth 
Congress, and was a member of the Com* 
mittee on Unfinished Business. 

Sherman, Moger.— Born at New- 
ton, Massachusetts, April 19, 1721. He 
had no advantages for education, yet he 
was eager in the pursuit of knowledge, 
and when apprenticed to a shoemaker, he 
often had a book open before him while at 
his work. In 1743 he removed to New 
Milford, Connecticut, carrying his tools 
upon his back; he soon relinquished his 
trade, however, and was for a time en- 
gaged in mercantile pursuits. He after- 
wards studied law, and settled in New 
Haven, and was admitted to the bar in 
1754. He was Judge of the County, Su- 
perior, and Supreme Courts for a period 
of twenty-three years ; and a member of 
the First Congress, in 1774, and continued 
a member for many years. He signed the 
Declaration of Independence in 1776, and 
also the Articles of Confederation and the 
Constitution. After the adoption of the 
Constitution of the United States, in re- 
gard to which he took a prominent part, 
he was elected a Eepresentative in Con- 
gress, from Connecticut, and chosen a 
Senator in 1791, continuing in that station 
until his death, July 23, 1793. He was a 
profound and sagacious statesman, an 
able and upright judge, and an exen)plary 
Christian. He was made Master of Arts 
by Yale College, and was Treasurer of 
that institution from 1766 to 1776. 

Sherman, Socrates JV. — He was 
born in Vermont, and elected a Eepre- 
sentative, from New York, to the Thirty- 
seventh Congress, serving on the Com- 
mittee on Expenditures in the Interior 
Department. 

Sherrill, EliaMm. — He was born 
in New York, and was a Eepresentative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1847 
to 1849, and was a member of the Com- 



BIOGRAPHICAL BECOBBS. 



345 



mittee on Manufactures. He served as 
au officer in the Rebellion, and was killed 
at the Battle of Gettysburg. 

Sherwood, Samuel. — He was a 

Representative in Congress, from New 
York, from 1813 to 1815; was a success- 
ful lawyer in Delhi from 1800 to 1833. 
He died in New York in November, 18U2. 

Sherwood, Sainuel B. — He was 

born iu Connecticut; g'*aduated at Yale 
College in 1786; was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1817 to 
1819, and died in 1833. 

Shiel, George R. — He was born in 

Ireland, and was elected a Representative, 
from Oregon, to the Thirty-seventh Con- 
gress, serving on the Committee on the 
Pacific Railroad. 

Shields, Benjatnin G. — He was a 

Representative in Congress, from Alaba- 
ma, from 1811 to 1843. 

Shields, Ebenezer «J. — Born in 

Georgia, and was elected a Representa- 
tive in Congress, from Tennessee, from 
1835 to 1839. Died May 20, 1846. 

Shields, tfaines.—TLe was a Repre- 
sentative in Couijress, from Ohio, from 
1829 to 1831. Died in Butler County, 
Ohio, in 1831. 

Shields, tfaines. — Was born in Coun- 
ty Tyrone, Ireland, in 1810, and emigrated 
to America about 1826. He pursued his 
mathematical and classical studies until 
the year 1832, when he went to Illinois, 
and commenced the practice of law at 
Kaskaskla. In 1836 he was elected a 
member of the Illinois Legislature, and 
Auditor of the State in 1839. In 1843 he 
was appointed Judge of the Supreme 
Court; and in 1845 Commissioner of the 
Geneial Land Office. At the commence- 
ment of the Mexican war he was appoint- 
ed, by President Polk, a Brigadier-General 
in the United States army, and, for his 
distinguished services during the course 
of the war, was promoted to the rank of 
Brevet Major-General. In 1848 he was 
appointed Governor of Oregon Territory, 
which he resigned. In 1849 he was elect- 
ed to a seat in the United States Senate, 
for the term of six years, from the State 
of Illinois. He subsequently took up his 
residence in the Territory of Minnesota, 
and in 1857 was elected to represent the 
same iu the Senate of the United States, 
when it became a State, in which position 
he served two years. During the troubles 
of 1801 he served as a General iu the 
Umou army. 

Shinn, William 2V.— He was born 
in New Jersey; a farmer by occupation ; 



and was a Representative in Congress, 
from that State, from 1833 to 1837. 

ShipJierd, Zebulon It.— lie was a 
Representative in Congress, from New 
York, from 1813 to 1815. Died in Moriah, 
Essex County, Nevv York. 

Shippen, William,.— Bovn in Penn- 
sylvania; graduated at Princeton College 
in 1754. Studied medicine in Edinburgh, 
and on his return, in 1764, he began in Phil- 
adelphia the first course of lectures on 
anatomy ever delivered in America. Ha 
assisted in establishing the Medical School 
of Philadelphia, and was appointed one 
of its professors. In 1777 he was ap- 
pointed Director-General of the Medical 
Department in the army, and was a Dele- 
gate to the Continental Congress from 
1778 to 1780. Died in 1808. 

Shorter, Eli 5.— Born in Monticel- 
lo, Georgia, March 15, 1823 ; graduated at 
Yale College in 1843; was a lawyer by 
profession, but engaged in the planting 
business. He was elected a Representa- 
tive, from Alabama, to the Thirty-fourth 
and Thirty-fifth Congresses, and was a 
member of the Committee on Indian Af- 
fairs. 

Shower, J'acdb. — He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Maryland, 
from 1853 to 1855. 

Sibley, Henry H.—He was born in 
Eebruary, 1811, in Detroit, Michigan; 
spent much of his early life on the North- 
western frontier ; was for many years an 
Indian trader in the employ of the Amer- 
ican Eur Company, at Mackinaw and Eorfc 
Snelling; was a Delegate to Congress, 
from Minnesota Territory, from 1849 to 
1853 ; and, having witnessed the progress 
of Minnesota from a wilderness to an oi'- 
ganlzed State, he was elected, in 1857, its 
first Governor, serving a part of 1858. 
He was a Brigadier-General of Volunteers 
during the Rebellion ; commanded an ex- 
pedition against the Minnesota Indians in 
1863, and was subsequently brevetted a 
Major-General of Volunteers. He Avas 
also a Delegate to the Cleveland " Soldiers' 
Convention" of 1866; and in 1867 was 
appointed a visitor to the West Point 
Academy. He was the son of Solomon 
Sibley. 

Sibley, Jonas.— Tie was born in Sut- 
ton, Massachusetts, March 17, 1702; for 
thirty-five years held a variety of town 
offices; from 1806 to 1823 was a member 
of the Massachusetts Legislature; was an 
Elector for President "in 1820; served 
again in both houses of the Legislature ; 
was a member of the " State Constitutional 
Convention" of 1820; a member of Con- 
gress, from Worcester County, Massachu- 



34G 



BIOaBAPHICAL BEC0BB8. 



setts, from 18?-5 to 1825 ; and died at Sut- 
ton, in tha.. State, February iO, lS3i, aged 
seventy-two years. 

S'thley, Marh ^,— Born in Great 
Earrini^ton, Massaclnisetts, in 1796, and 
removed to Cacandaigua. New York, in 
1814. lie studied lavv', and was distin- 
guished as an advocate. lie' was a mein- 
Ix^r of tlie Naw Yoik As.sembl.v in 1834 
and 1835; u R,?presentfitiv?. in Congress, 
from 1837 to 183!); subsequently a State 
Seual.oi ; and in 1845 a County Judge. He 
died in Canaudaigua, Islev^ York, Septem- 
ber S, 1852. 

SiMey, Solofnon, — He was born in 
Suttou, Massachusetts, October 7, 17G9. 
He studied law. and removed to Ohio, in 
1795, establisliing himself first at Marietta, 
and thei'i at Cincinnati; iu the practice of 
his profession He removed to Detroit in 
1797, and in 1799 was elected to the first 
Territorial Legislature of the North- 
western Territory. He was a Delegate to 
Congress, from the Territory of Michi- 
gan, from 1820 to 1823; in 1824 he was ap- 
pointed Judge of the Supreme Court, and 
held the office uutil 1836, when he re- 
signed in consequence of increasing deaf- 
ness. He died at Detroit, April 4, 184G, 
He was universally respected for his tal- 
ents and manifold virtues. 

SlcJcles, Daniel E. — He was born in 
New York, iu October, 1821 ; acquired the 
printer's trade, which he followed for 
some j^ears ; he studied law, and was ad- 
mitted to the bar in 1843; in 1847 he was 
elected to the Assembly of New York, and 
in 1856 to the State Senate. For a short 
time, when Mr. Buchanan was the Amer- 
ican Minister in England, he was the Sec- 
retai-y of that legation; and was elected a 
Representative, "from New York, to the 
Thirty-fifth Congress, and was a member 
of the Committee on Foreign AfFiiirs. He 
was re-elected to the ThiVty-sixth Con- 
gress; before the expiration of his first 
term, in February, 1859, he killed Philip 
Barton Key, for "dishonoring his bed." 
Hig trial lasted twenty days, and he was 
acquitted. He served in the army during 
the llebellion, lost a leg in battle, and at- 
tained the rank of Major-General of Vol- 
unteers. In 18G6 he was appointed by 
President Johnson Minister Resident to 
the Netherlands, but declined, and was 
subsequently appointed a Brigadier-Gen- 
eral in the regular army and in 1867 
brevetted a Major-General for gallant and 
meritorious services at Gettysburg. 

SicJcles, Nicholas. — He was born in 

Kinderhook, New York ; was a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from 1835 to 1837; and 
died at Kingston, New York, May 13, 
1845. 

Sill, Thomas IT.— He was a native 



of Connecticut; a lawyer by profession; 
and settled in the practice at Erie, Penn- 
sylvania, in 1812, He was a member of 
the Convention to revise the State Consti- 
tution; and a Representative in Congress^ 
frorr. Pennsylvania, from 1829 to 1831, 
having served in the same capacity for an 
unexpired term iu 1826. In 1825 and 1849 
he was also a Presidential Elector. 

Silsbee, Nathaniel. — Born in Essex 
County, Massachusetts, in 1773, and died 
at Salem Massachusetts, July 1, 1850. He 
was a distinguished and successful mer- 
chant, and frequently elected to the State 
Legislature, and was for three years Pres- 
ident of the State Senate; he served as a 
Representative in Congress from 1816 to 
1820; and was a Senator of the United 
States from 1826 to 1835; also a Presi- 
dential Elector in 1837. He was the firm 
supporter of the administration of John 
Quincy Adams, and when his term expired, 
Mr. Silsbee offered to vacate his seat iu 
the Senate in his favor, but the ex-Presi- 
dent declined the proposal. 

Silvester, Peter. — He was born la 
New York ; was a member of the Albany 
Committee of Safety in 1774, and of the 
New York Provincial Congress; was a 
Judge of the Common Pleas in 1776 ; and 
elected a member of the First Congress 
under the Federal Constitution. He was 
subsequently a State Senator, and died at 
Kinderhook, January 30, 1845. 

Silvester, Peter II. — He was born at 
Kinderhook, Columbia County, New York, 
February 17, 1807; graduated at Union 
College in 1827; studied law, and was 
admitted to the bar in 1830; and he was a 
Representative in Congress, from New 
York, from 1847 to 1851. 

Simkins, Eldred.—Tle was born in 
Edgefield District, South Carolina, Au- 
gust 29, 1779 ; Avas educated for the bar at 
Litchfield, Connecticut; was partner of 
Mr. McDuflie ; served frequently in the 
Legislature; was Lieutenant-Governor of 
South Carolina in 1812; a General of 
Militia; and was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from South Carolina, from 1817 to 
1821. Died at Edgefield in 1832. 

Simmons, George A.— Tie washom 
in New Hampshire; graduated at Dart- 
mouth College in 1816; served a number 
of years in the Assembly of that State; 
and was elected a Representative in Con- 
gress to the Thirty-third and Thirty- 
fourth Congresses, from that State. In 
1852 he received from his Almn Mater the 
degree of LL D., and died October 27, 
1857, aged sixty-six years, at Keesville, 
New York. 

Simmons, Jam^es F. Born in Lit- 
tle Coinpton, Rhode Island, September 10, 



BIOGBAPIIICAL BECOBDS. 



347 



1795. His employments were farming and 
mauufiicturing; he was a member of the 
General Assembly from 1828 to 1841; 
elected to the United States Senate in 1841, 
for six years, to March 4, 1847; again 
chosen for another term, beginning March 
4, 1857, but resigned in August, 18S2, and 
served as a member of the Committees t>n 
Claims, on Patents, and the Patent Office, 
and on Finance. During the Thirty- 
seventh Congress he Avas Chairman of the 
Committee on Patents. Died iu Johnson, 
Ehode Island, July 10, 1864. 

S limns, William E.— Born in Ken- 
tucky ; aud elected a Representative, from 
that State, to the Thirty-sixth Congress, 
serving on the Committee on the Militia. 

Simons, Samuel. — He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Connecticut, 
from 1843 to 1845; and died in Bridgeport, 
Connecticut, January 13, 1847, aged lifty- 
five years. 

Simonton, WllUatn.—Tie was a 

member of Congress, from Penusj'lvania, 
from 1839 to 1843; aud died at South 
Hanover, Pennsylvania, May 18, 1846. 

Simpson, Riclia^Hl F.—Me was born 
in South Carolina; and was a Representa- 
tive in Congress from 1843 to 1847. He 
graduated at the University of South Caro- 
lina in 1816; adopted the profession of 
law;' and before entering Congress had 
been a member of the Senate of his native 
State. 

Sims, Alexander X).— He was born 
in Erunswicli County, Virginia, June 12, 
1803; and died at Ivingstree, South Caro- 
lina, November 16, 1848. He went through 
a course of studies at Chapel Hill, North 
Carolina, and finished his education at 
Union College, New York. He read and 
practised law in Virginia; and, removing 
to South Carolina, taught an academy at 
Darlington Court House. In 1829 he 
commenced the practice of law in South 
Carolina, and became a prominent mem- 
ber of the bar iu that State. He had a 
taste for politics, and during the Nullifica- 
tion times was active and decided ; and he 
was a member of Congress, from South 
Carolina, from 1845 to 1848. He also 
served in the State Legislature iu 1840 
and 1842. 

Sims, Leonard S. — Born in North 
Carolina; and was elected a Representa- 
tive in Congress, from Missouri, from 
1845 to 1847. 

Singleton xOtho M. — Born in Jessa- 
mine County, Kentucky; graduated at St. 
Joseph College, Bardstovvn, Kentucky, 
and adopted the law as a profession ; he 
was two years in the lower house of the 
Mississippi Legislature ; six years in the 



State Senate ; a Presidential Elector in 
1852 ; and was elected a Representative to 
the Thirt5^-third Congress, and re-elected 
to the Thirty-flfth Congress, from the 
same State, serving as a member of the 
Joint Committee on Printing. Re-elected 
to the Thirty-sixth Congress, serving on 
the Committee on Roads and Canals. 
Joined the great Rebellion in 1861. 

Singleton, Thomas D. — He was 

elected to Congress, from Soutli Carolina, 
in 1833, and, while on his way to Washing- 
ton to take his seat in December, he died 
at Raleigh, North Carolina. 

SinnicJcson, Tho}nas.—'Born in Sa- 
lem County, New Jersey ; received a clas- 
sical education, and was bred a merchant. 
He served in the Revolutionary war at 
the battles of Trenton aud Princeton, in 
the capacity of Captain; was for many 
years a member of the Council and As- 
sembly of New Jersey, and tlic Presiding 
Judge of the Court of Common Pleas; he 
was a Correspondent of the Committee of 
Safety during the Revolution ; and a Rep- 
resentative in the First Congress, after 
the adoption of the Constitution, from 
1789 to 1791, and again from 1797 to 1799; 
was a Presidential Elector in 1801 ; and 
was one of those who voted for locating 
the Seat of Government on the Potomac. 

SinnicJcson, Thomas. — Born in Sa- 
lem, New Jersey, December 13, 1780; re- 
ceived a common-school education ; com- 
menced active life as a merchant ; was a 
Judge of the Court of Common Pleas for 
twenty years; a member of the New Jer- 
sey Legislature ; Judge of the Court of 
Errors and Appeals; and a Representa- 
tive in Congress during the years 1828 
and 1829. 

Sltgreaves, Charles.— ^q was born 
in Easton, Pennsylvania, April 22, 1803; 
received a liberal education ; adoi)ted tlie 
profession of law, and settled in New Jer- 
sey; was Major Commandant in the State 
military service from 1828 to 1838 ; mem- 
ber of the New Jersey Assembly in 1831 
and 1833; was a member, in 1834, of the 
Legislative Council; member and Presi- 
dent of the same in 1835; member of the 
State Senate from 1852 to 1854; was made 
a Trustee of the State Normal School iu 
1855, which he vacated in 1864, when he 
was elected a Representative, from i>i'ivf 
Jersey, to the Thirty-ninth Congress, serv- 
ing on the Conniiittee on Military Affairs. 
Other offices which he held were as fol- 
lows : Mayor of Philipsburg, in 1861, 
declining a re-election ; President of the 
Belvidere and Delaware Railroad Com- 
pany ; and President of the Bank at Phil- 
lipsburg. He was also one of the Repre- 
sentatives designated by the House to 
attend the funeral of General Scott in 
1866. Re-elected to the Fortieth Con- 



348 



BIOaBAPHICAL BFCOUDS. 



gress, serving on the Committee on Mili- 
tary Affairs. 

Slfgreaves, <John. — He Tvas an offi- 
cer ill the war of the Revolution; %vas a 
Delegate to the Continental Congress, 
from North Carolina, from 1784 to 1785; 
in 1790 he was appointed Attorney-Gen- 
eral for that State, and soon afterwards 
was appointed Judge of the United States 
District Court for the District of North 
Carolina. Died at Halifax, in March, 
1801. 

Slfgreaves, Samuel.— lie was born 
in Philadelphia; liberally educated; stud- 
ied law, and settled in Easton, Pennsylva- 
nia; was a member, in 1790, of the "Con- 
stitutional Convention " of the State ; was 
a Eepresentative in Congress, from Penn- 
sylvania, from 1795 to 1798; and was then 
appointed, by President Adams, Commis- 
sioner to treat with Great Britain. Died 
April 4, 1824. 

Shelton, Charles,— ^orn in Penn- 
sylvania; and was a Representative in 
Congress, from New Jersey, from 1851 to 
1855. 

Skinner, MicJiard.—He was born at 
Litchtield, Connecticut, May 30, 1788; and 
received his education at the celebrated 
law school of his native town ; he was ad- 
mitted to the bar in 1800; and removed to 
Manchester, Vermont. In 1801 he was 
appointed State's Attorne}' for Bennington 
County, and in 180!) Judge of Probate; 
and was elected a Representative in Con- 
gress from 1813 to 1815; Judge of the Su- 
preme Court in 1816; and Chief Justice in 
1817. In 1818 he was elected to the low- 
er branch of the Legislature, and was 
Speaker. He was Governor in 1820, 1821, 
and 1822 ; was reappointed Chief Justice 
in 1824, and resigned in 1829. He died at 
Manchester, May 23, 1833, much re- 
spected far his public services and pri- 
vate worth. He was President of the 
North-eastern Branch of tlie American 
Education Society; was a member of the 
' Board of Trustees of Middlebury College, 
from which institution he received the 
degree of LL.D. He was also interest- 
ed in various local benevolent associa- 
tions. 

Skinner, Jr., Thomson «7. — He 

was a Representative in Congress, from 
Massachusetts, from 1796 to 1799, and 
again from 1803 to 1804; and, having on 
his lirst election succeeded T. Sedgewick, 
in 1804 he was appointed, by President 
Jeflferson, Commissioner of Loans. 

Slade, Charles.— Vie was a Repre- 
sentative in Coiigress, from Illinois, from 
1833 to 1834; and died in July of the same 
year, on his return from Washington, in 



Knox County, Indiana, after an illness of 
only twenty-four hours. 

Slade, William. — Born in Cornwall, 
Vermont, May 9, 1786; graduated at Mid- 
dlebury College in 1807; and, having stud- 
ied law, was admitted to the bar in 1810. 
In 1813 he was a Presidential Elector. 
From 1814 to 1816 he published and edited 
the " Columbian Patriot," and at the same 
time kept a book-store; in 1815 he was 
elected Secretary of State, which office he 
held eight years, during six of which he 
officiated as Judge of the Addison County 
Court; and was subsequently State's At- 
torney for the same county. From 1823 
to 1829 he was a Clerk in the State De- 
partment at Washington. His service in 
Congress, as a Representative from Ver- 
mont, was from 1831 to 1843. On his re- 
tirement from Congress, he was elected 
Reporter of the Decisions of the Supreme 
Court of Vermont,' which office he held 
one year ; and in 1844 he was chosen Gov- 
ernor of Vermont. He was subsequently 
made Secretary of the National Board of 
Popular Education, having for its object 
the furnishing of the West with teachers 
from the East. In 1823 he published the 
" Vei-mont State Papers;" in 1825 thft 
" Statutes of Vermont;" and in ISiir a 
volume of "Vermont Reports." He died 
at Middlebury, Vermont, January 18, 
1859. 

Slaymaker, Amos. — He was born 
in the London Lands, Lancaster County, 
Pennsylvania, March 11, 1755; received a 
good common-school education ; served as 
a soldier in the Revolutionary army; paid 
much attention to farming, and officiated 
as a magistrate ; and was a Representa- 
tive in Congress, from Pennsylvania, dur-^ 
ing a part of the Thirteenth Congress, to 
till a vacanc3'' occasioned by the death of 
James Whitehill. He died in Salisbury, 
Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, June 12, 
1837. 

Slldell, John. — Born in New York 
about the year 1793, and, on reaching the 
age of manhood, removed to New Orleans, 
where he established himself as a lawyer, 
and practised his profession with success. 
He was appointed, by President Jackson, 
United States District Attorney; was fre- 
quently elected to the Legislature of Lou- 
isiana; was a Representative in Congress, 
from 1843 to 1845; while in Congress he 
was appointed, by President Polk, Minis- 
ter to Mexico ; and in 1853 was elected to 
tiie United States Senate for the unex- 
pired term of Senator Soule, and was re- 
elected for six years, and was Chairman 
of the Committee on the Condition of the 
Banks, and a member of the Committees 
on Naval Affairs and Foreign Relations. He 
withdrew, and became identilied with the 
Rebellion of 1861. He went to France as 



BIOGBAPHIOAL BECOBDS. 



349 



a Minister from the Rebel Government; 
was captured by the San Jacinto, on his 
passage oat : imprisoned in Fort Warren, 
and after being released took up his resi- 
dence in Paris. 

SlingeHand, John J. — He was born 
in Albany County, New York, March 1, 
1804 ; received a good common-school ed- 
ucation; and, as a business, has devoted 
nearly his whole life to agricultural pur- 
suits. He was a member of the New York 
Legislature in 1843, and was a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from New York, from 
1847 to 1849. Died in Albany, October 26, 
1861. 

Sloan, A. Scott. — Born in Morris- 
ville, Madison County, New York, in 1820 ; 
adopted the profession of law ; in 1847 was 
' elected Clerk of Madison County; re- 
moved to Wisconsin in 1854; elected to 
the Wisconsin Legislatui'e in 1858; ap- 
pointed a Circuit Judge in 1858; and in 
1860 was elected a Representative, from 
Wisconsin, to the Thirty-seventh Con- 
gress, serving on the Committee on Ter- 
ritories. 

Sloan, Ithamar C— Born in Madi- 
son County, New York; received a com- 
mon-school education; adopted the pro- 
fession of law ; removed to Wisconsin in 
1854; in 1858 and 1860 he was chosen 
District Attorney of Rock County ; and in 
1862 was elected a Representative, from 
Wisconsin, to the Thirty-eighth Compress, 
serving on the Committee on Public 
Lands, and also on that on Expenses in the 
War Department. Re-elected to the Thir- 
ty-ninth Congress, serving on the Com- 
mittees on the Death of President Lincoln, 
Claims, and Expenses of the War Depart- 
ment. 

Sloan, James, — He was aRepresent- 
tive in Congress, from New Jersey, from 
1803 to 1809; a resident of Gloucester 
County, and a member of the Society of 
Priends. Died in New Jersey, in Novem- 
ber, 1811. 

Sloane, John.—'Eoxn in York, Penn- 
ijSylvania, but removed to Ohio while 
i^et a Territory. He was elected a member 
|bf the General Assembly in 1804, and in 
1805 and 1806 was Speaker. He was a 
leceiver of Public Moneys at Canton 
Ifrom 1808 to 1816, and afterwards at 
''ooster until 1819, when he was elected 
to Congress as a Representative, conrinu- 
Bng a member until 1829. He was Clerk 
K)f the Common Pleas for seven years, 
iSecretary of State for three years, and 
'Treasurer of the United States under 
President Fillmore. He was a Colonel of 
Militia during the war of 1812, and died 
in Wooster, May 15, 1856, aged seventy- 
seven years. 



Sloane, Jonathan.— Hq was born 
in Massachusetts, and, having settled in 
Ohio, was a Representative in Congress, 
from that State, from 1833 to 1837. 

Slociim, Jesse.— Was a Representa- 
tive in Congress, from North Carolina, 
from 1817 to 1820, and died in Washing- 
ton, before tlie expiration of his term, De- 
cember 20th of the latter year, 

Smart, Ephrahn K. — Born at 
Prospect (now Searsport), Maine, in 1813. 
He was thrown upon his own resources 
to obtain means of education, which he 
received at the Maine Wcsleyan Seminary. 
After the study of law for three years, he 
was admitted to the bar in Camden. He 
was appointed Postmaster in 1838, and in 
1841 was elected State Senator. In 1842 he 
was Aid to the Governor, with the rank of 
Lieutenant-Colonel, and was re-elected to 
the Senate the same year. In 1843 he 
went to Missouri, and practised law, as 
an Attorney aud Counsellor and Solicitor 
in Chancery ; but returned to Camden, aud 
was again Postmaster in 1845. He was a 
Representative, from Maine, in Congress, 
from 1847 to 1849, and from 1851 to 1853, 
From 1853 to 1858 he was Collector at 
Belfast. In 1854 he established the 
" Maine Free Press," and was its editor 
three years ; and in 1858 returned to the 
practice of law in Camden, and in Sep- 
tember of that year was again elected to 
the Legislature. 

Smelt, Dennis. — He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Georgia, from 
1806 to 1811. 

Smilie, John. — He was born in Ire- 
land, but emigrated to this country wliea 
young; held many civil and military posi- 
tions during the Revolution; served in 
the Legislature of Pennsylvania, his 
adopted State, and was a Representative 
in Congress, from Pennsylvania, from 
1793 tol795, and again from 1799 to 1813. 
In 1797 he was a Presidential Elector. 
Died in Washington, December 30, 1813, 
aged seventy-six years. 

Smith, Albert. — Bora in Hanover, 
Plymouth County, Massachusetts, January 
3, 1793; graduated at Brown University in 
1813; admitted to the bar in 1816; re- 
moved to Maine in 1817; and was sent to 
the General Court of Massachusetts in 
1820 ; was for many years a Postmaster in 
Maine ; from 1830 to 1838 he was Marshal 
of the United States for Maine; was a 
Representative in Congress, from 1839 to 
1841 ; aud in 1842 he was appointed the 
United States Commissioner to settle the 
North-eastern Boundary, under the Ash- 
burton Treaty, which business was com- 
pleted in 1847. Died in Boston, May 29, 
1867. 



350 



BIOGBAPHICAL BECOBDS. 



Sinith, Albert. — He was born in New 
York, avid was a member of the New York 
Assembly, from Genesee County, in 1812, 
and a Representative in Congress, from 
that State, from 1813 to 1817. 

Smith, Arthur. —Born in the County 
of Isle of Wight, Virginia, November 15, 
1785 ; was educated at the College of Wil- 
liam and Mary; served with credit at the 
liead of a Militia force at Norfolk, in 1812; 
was a member of the Privy Council of 
Virginia, and subsequently a member of 
the State Legislature; and Avas a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from 1821 to 1825. 
He was a lawyer by profession, but never 
practised. Died iu Virginia, March 30, 
1853. 

Smithi Ballard. — He was a Repre- 
sentative in Cougress, from Virginia, from 
1815 to 1821. 

Smith, Bernard. — Born in Morris- 
town, New Jersey ; held an office in Wash- 
ington for a time, and was sent as a Spe- 
cial Bearer of Dispatches to Europe ; was 
subsequently Collector and Postmaster 
of New Brunswick; was a Representative 
in Congress, from New Jersey, from 1819 
to 1821 ; and during the latter year he was 
appointed Register of the Land Office in 
Arkansas, which office he held until his 
death, which occurred at Little Rock, July 
16, 1835, aged fifty-nine years. During 
Ills I'csidence in Arkansas he served the 
Government as an Indian Agent. 

Smith, Calebs. — He Avas born in 
Boston, Massachusetts, April 16, 1808; 
emigrated with his parents to Ohio iu 
1811; and was educated at the Cincin- 
nati College and Miami University ; adopt- 
ed the profession of law, and settled in 
Indiana ; in 1832 he established and edited 
a Whig journal called the " Indiana Sen- 
tinel; " in 1833 he was elected a member 
of the Legislature; re-elected In 1831, 
1835, and 1836, during the latter year 
officiating as Speaker; in 1847 and 1848 
he was a member of the Board of Fund 
Commissioners; and he was a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from Indiana, from 
1843 to 1849. He was also a Presidential 
Elector In 1840 and 1853 ; and after leav- 
ing Congress, in 1849, he was appointed, 
by President Taylor, one of ihe members 
of the Board for Investigating the Claims 
of American citizens against Mexico. He 
subsequently practised his profession in 
Cincinnati, Ohio; and in 1861 was ap- 
pointed Secretary of the Interior Depart- 
ment, by President Lincoln. He was also 
a member of tha" Peace Congress "held in 
"Washington in Pebruary, 1861. In De- 
cember, 1862, he resigned the office of 
Secretary, and was appointed Judge of 
the United States District Court for the 
District of Indiana. Died January 8, 
1864. 



Synith, Daniel.— lie was one of the 

earliest emigrants to Tennessee ; a Gen- 
eral of Militia ; and a Senator in Congress, 
from Tennessee, during the year 1798, 
when he was superseded by J. Anderson, 
p.nd again from 1805 to 1809. He died in 
July, i818. 

Sm,ith, Delazon. — Was born in New 
Berlin, Chenango County, New York; 
graduated at the Oberliu Collegiate Insti- 
tute, of Ohio, in 1837 ; he studied law, 
but becoming a writer for the press, was 
associated with the "Rochester True Jef- 
fersonlan," in New York, and the " West- 
ern Empire," in Dayton, Ohio; he was 
appointed, by President Tyler, Special 
Commissioner to Quito; in 1846 he re- 
moved to Iowa Territory, where he re- 
mained until 1852, when he emigrated to 
Oregon Territory; in 1854 he was elected 
to the Assembly of Oregon, and re-elected 
in 1855 and 1856; he was a member of the 
Convention in 1857 which formed a State 
Constitution; and in July, 1858, he was 
chosen one of the Senators in Congress 
for the prospective State, and took his 
seat as such in February, 1859. Died iu 
Portland, Oregon, November 17, 1860. 

Smith, Edward E[e?irj/.—E.e was 
born at Smithtown, Long Island, in 1809; 
received a good common-school educa- 
tion ; was bred a farmer, to which occu- 
pation he has devoted his whole life ; and 
in 1860 was elected a Representative, from 
New York, to the Thirty-seventh Con- 
gress, serving on the Committees on Ag- 
riculture, and Expenditures in the Post 
Office Department. 

Smith, Francis O. «7. —He was 

born in Massachusetts; bred to the law; 
was elected to the Assembly of Maine iu 
1831; was President of the State Senate 
in 1833; and was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from Maine, from 1833 to 1839. Of 
late years he has been much interested iu 
telegraph and railroad enterprises. 

Smith, George. — He was a Repre- 
sentative In Congress, from Pennsylvania, 
from 1809 to 1813. 

Smith, Gerrit. — Born In New York, 
and was a Representative in Congress, 
from that State, from 1853 to 1855. 

Smith, Green Clay.— Bom in Rich- 
mond, Kentucky, July 2, 1830; gradu- 
ated at Transylvania University in 1849, 
and in the Law Department of the same 
institution in 1852; was a School Com- 
missioner from 1853 to 1857, establishing 
a great number of schools ; served as Sec- 
ond Lieutenant in the Mexican war ; after 
the breaking out of the Rebellion, in 1861, 
he had command of the Fourth Kentucky 
Cavalry; and was elected to the State 
Legislature ; was appointed a Brigadier- 



BIOaBAPHICAL BECOBDS. 



351 



General in 18S2, and subsequently pro- 
moted to the rank of Major-Gi-neral ; was 
present at the battle of Ball's Bluft' and 
about flfly other engagements ; and in I860 
he -was elected a Repi-esentative, from 
Kentucky, to the Thirty-eighth Congress, 
serving on the. Committees on Elections, 
and on the Militia. His commission as 
General he resigned on the 1st December, 
18G3. He was a Delegate to the " Balti- 
more Convention" of ISGi. His father, 
John Speed Smith, was also in Congress. 
Ee-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, 
serving on the Committees on the Death 
of President Lincoln and Public Expendi- 
tures, as Chairman of the Committee on 
the Militia, and as a member of the Com- 
mittee on Debts of the Loyal States. He 
Avas also a member of the National Com- 
mittee appointed to accompany the re- 
mains of President Lincoln to Illinois. In 
1S6G, while still in Congress, he was ap- 
poi)ited Governor of Montana, by Presi- 
dent Johnson. 

Smith, Isaac. —He wa.s a graduate 
of Princeton College in 1755, and a tutor 
in that institution; a Representative in 
Congress, from New Jersey, from 1795 to 
1797; was appointed, by President Wash- 
ington, in the latter year, a Commissioner 
to treat with the Seneca Indians ; and was 
a Judge of the Superior Court of New 
Jersey. He died in 1807. 

SinltJi, Isaac. — He was a native of 
Pennsylvania, and a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1813 to 
1815. 

StnitJi, Israel. — Born in Connecticut, 
April 4, 1759. He graduated at Yale Col- 
lege in 1781, studied law, and settled at 
Rupert, Vermont. He subsequently set- 
tled at Rutland, and was sent to the State 
Legislature from that town. He was a 
Representative in Congress from 1791 to 
1797, ag'ain in 1800, and a Senator in Con- 
gress during the years 1801 and 1802, and 
from 1803 to 1807, when he resigned. He 
was a Presidential Elector in 1809; and 
also appointed Chief Justice of the Su- 
preme Court in 1797, and wms Governor 
of Vermont in 1807. He died December 
2, 1810. 

SrnifJi, James. — He was born in Ire- 
laud in 1713, but came to America when a 
boy; he received a classical education and 
studied law in Lancaster, Pennsylvania ; 
became interested in iron-works and emi- 
nent in his profession ; on the approach 
of war lie took an active part in public 
afifairs; he raised a company and com- 
manded it in the field, and was made a 
Colonel; also took an active part in rais- 
ing additional troops. He was a Delegate 
to the Continental Congress from 1776 to 
1778 ; a signer of the Declaration of Inde- 
pendence; in 1780 he entered the State 



Legislature, and after retiring from that 
ohice he devoted his Avhole attention to 
the practice of his profession. Died July 
11, 1806. 

SmitJi, James S.—He was born in 
Orange County, North Carolina, and was 
educated for the medical profession ; 
served in the Legislature of North Caro- 
lina in 1821; and was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1817 to 
182 L 

SmMJi, JedediaJi K.—Ue was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from New Hamp- 
shire, from 1807 to 1809; and from 1822 
to 1825 he held the office of Judge and 
Chief Judge of the Coui't of Common 
Pleas for Hillsborough County ; from 1810 
to 1814 he was also a State Councillor; 
and died in 1828, aged fifty-eight years. 

Sinith, ^eremiaJi.— Born in Peter- 
borough, New Hampshire, and graduated 
at Rutgers College, New Jersey, in 1780, 
anil also received from Harvard College, 
the degree of Doctor of Laws. He was a 
Representative in Congress, from New 
Hampshire, in 1791,, and continued there 
till 1797, being one of the last survivors of 
the distinguished men who participated 
with Washington in the administration of 
the government. He was appointed, by 
John Adams, in 1801, a Judge of the Uni- 
ted States Circuit Court, but did not serve, 
as the office was soon afterwards abolished 
by Congress. He was chosen Governor of 
New Hampshire in 1809 ; served as aPresi- 
dential Elector in 1809, and was for several 
years Chief Justice of the Superior Court 
of the State. His extraordinary mental 
endowments not only remained unim- 
paired, but even shone forth brightest 
when he was near the close of his long 
life. Few persons have been more widely 
known as statesmen and jurists, or have 
left behind them a more enduring reputa- 
tion. His acquaintance with books was 
extensive, and his literary taste remark- 
ably correct and pure. He was highly 
esteemed, not only as a lawyer and judge, 
but for his eminent social qualifications, 
and for all the attributes of a great and 
good man. He was a devoted friend of 
Daniel Webster, and died at Dover, New 
Hampshire, September 21, 1843. 

Sinith, John.— Re was a General of 
Militia in New York ; a member of the 
State Legislature from 1784 to 1799; was 
a member of the Convention which adopt- 
ed the Constitution ; was a Representative 
in Congress, from New York, from 1799 
to 1804, when he resigned ; from 1804 to 
1813 he was a Senator in Congress; and 
was appointed in the latter year, by Presi- 
dent Madison, United States Marshal for 
New York. He died in 1816. 

Smith, John.— He was a Representa- 



352 



BIOGBAPHICAL P.ECOBDS. 



live in Congress, from Virginia, from 
1801 to 1815. 

Smith, Jo7in.~Tle was born in 1735 ; 
was a Senator in Congress, from Ohio, 
from I8U3 to 1808, when "lie resigned. Died 
in July, 181G. 

SniifJi, «7o7iw.— He was born at Barre, 

Massachasetts, in August, 1789 ; received 
a limited education, and removed in early 
life to St, Albans, Vermont, where he was 
admitted to practice as a lawyer in 1810. 
He represented St. Albans in the Legisla- 
ture for nine successive years, and was 
elected State's Attorney of Franklin 
County in 182G, and served six j^ears. In 
1831, 1832, and 1833, he was Speaker in 
the General Assembly. He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Vermont, 
from 1839 to 1811, after which he resumed 
the practice of his profession. In 1816 he 
became enlisted in important x^ilroad proj- 
ects, and was so engaged at the time of 
his sudden death, which occurred at St. 
Albans, November 26, 1858. He received 
the degree of A.M. from Middlebury Col- 
lege and the University of Vermont. 

Smith, John B. — He was a Eepre- 
sentacive in Congress, from Louisiana, 
from 1853 to 1855. 

Smith, John Cotton,— Rev^a^s born 
in Sharon, Connecticut, February 12, 1765, 
and graduated at Yale College in 1783. 
He studied law, and was admitted to prac- 
tice, in Litchfield County, in 1786. He 
was a member of the General Assembly 
in 17D3, and from 1796 to 1800 was a mem- 
ber of the lower house, and in 1799 was 
elected Speaker. He was a Representative 
in Congress, from Connecticut, from 1800 
to 1806, when he resigned; was a Presi- 
dential Elector in 1809 ; and was again a 
member of the Legislature until 1809, 
when he was chosen a member of the 
Council. He also held the several offices 
of Governor of Connecticut, from 1812 to 
1817, Lieutenant-Governor, and Judge of 
the Superior Court. He received the de- 
gree of LL.l). from Yale College ; was a 
member of the Northern Society of Anti- 
quaries in Copenhagen; also of the Con- 
necticut Historical Society, and of various 
religious associations. He died at Sharon, 
Connecticut, November 7, 1845, and had 
devoted the latter years of his life to ag- 
ricultural and literary pursuits. 

Smith, John Speed. — "Was born in 
Jessamine County, Kentucky, July 31, 
1792; served as a soldier under General 
Harrison, and was at the battle of Tippe- 
canoe ; was Aide-de-camp to the same Gen- 
eral at the battle of the Thames, in 1813. 
In 1819 he was elected to the Legislature 
of Kentucky and was a Representative in 
Congress, from Kentucky, from 1821 to 
1823. In 1827 he was again elected to the 



State Legislature, and made Speaker of the 
House; and subsequently"- served several 
terms both in the House and Senate. By 
President Jackson he was appointed 
United States Attorney for the District of 
Kentucky; was at one time a Commis- 
sioner to theyLegislature of Ohio, on a 
mission of local interest; and also Supers 
iutendent of Public Works in Kentucky 
for several years. Died in Madison 
County, June 6, 1854. 

Smith, John T.— He was born in 
Pennsylvania, and elected a Representa- 
tive in Congress, from that State, from 
1813 to 1845, and was a member of the 
Committee on Expenditures in the State 
Department. 

Smith, Jonathan B. — He graduated 
at Princeton College in 1760; was a Dele- 
gate, from Pennsylvania, to the Conti- 
nental Congress, from 1777 to 1778, and 
was a signer of the Articles of Confeder- 
ation. 

Smith, Josiah. — He was born at 
Pembroke, Massachusetts, in 1745; gradu- 
ated at Harvard University in 1774; was a 
Representative in Congress, from Massa- 
chusetts, from 1801 to 1803. On his re- 
turn from Washington, in Mai'ch, 1803, he 
took the small-pox in New York, and died 
at home before the close of the month. 

Smith, 3Ielancthon. — He was a 

Delegate, from New York, to the Conti- 
nental Congress, from 1785 to 1788. 

Smith, 3Iereivether. — He was a 

Delegate, from Virginia, to the Corrtiuent- 
al Congress, from 1778 to 1782. 

SmitJi, Nathan. — He was born at 
Roxbury, Connecticut, in 1770; received 
his professional education at the Law 
School in Litchfield ; was a member of the 
Convention that formed the State.Consti- 
tution ; for many years State's Attorney for 
the County of New Haven ; frequently in 
the State Legislature, and for several 
years United States Attorney for the Dis- 
trict of Connecticut. He was also a Dele- ' 
Sfate to the " Hartford Convention" in 1814. 
He represented his native State in the 
Senate of the United States from 1833 to 
1835. He was long known as an eminent 
lawyer, respected for his integrity and 
ability. He died at Washington, Dis- 
trict of Columbia, December 6, 1836. 

Smith, Nathaniel.— Rq was born in 
Woodbury, Connecticut, January 6, 1762. 
His education was limited, but he obtained 
distinction by the energy of his talents. 
He studied law, and settled in practice la 
his native town in 1789. He was for many 
years a member of the State Legislature, 
having served in both houses. He was a 
Representative in Congress, from that 



BIOGBATIIICAL BECOBDS. 



353 



State, from 1795 to 1779. In 1706 he was 
elected Jad^e of tlic Supreme Court of the 
State, and held the office until 1819. His 
legal knowledge was extensive, and he 
Avas greatly' esteemed for his integrity and 
piety. He died March 9, 1822. 

Smith, Oliver ECatnpton, — He was 

born near Trenton, New Jersey, October 
23, 179-1:. and died at Indianapolis, Indiana, 
March 19, 1859, having, from 1817 and the 
balance of his life, been Iionorably identi- 
fied with the public history of that State. 
He studied law, and in 1821 he was Prose- 
cuting Attorney for the Third District of 
Indiana. He was elected to the State Leg- 
islature in 1822; was a Representative in 
Congress, from Indiana, from 1827 to 1829 ; 
and a Senator in Congress from 1837 to 
18i8. He was the author of a work giving 
Ms " Recollections of Congressional Life," 
originally published in the " Indianapolis 
Journal." When in the Senate he was 
Chairman ou the Committee on Public 
Lands, and he subsequently devoted much 
attention to the interual aifairs of his 
adopted State. 

Smltli, Perry. — Born in Washington, 
Connecticut ; attended the Litchfield Law 
School, and settled in New Mllford in 1807. 
He was a State Representative for four 
years, Judge of Probate for two years, and 
a Senator in Congress from 183*7 to 1843. 
He died in New Milford in 1852. 

Smith, Richard.— Ke was a Dele- 
gate, from New Jersey, to tlie Contineutal 
Congress, from 177i to 1776. 

Smith, Robert. — Born in Peter- 
borougli. New Hampshire, June 12, 1802, 
and received a limited education. He was 
a farmer by occupation until he atraiaed 
Ills twentieth year, but subsequently en- 
gaged in manufacturingandmerchandising. 
Removing to Illinois in 1832, he served in 
the Illinois Legislature from ISSGto 184:0; 
was Enrolling and Engrossing Clerk of the 
House of Representatives of Illinois from 
1840 to 1843, and was then elected to Con- 
gress, and served till March 4, 1849, and 
was re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress, 
being Chairman of the Committee on^Mile- 
age. He subsequently took an active part 
in organizing the railroads in his adopted 
State. Died at Alton, Illinois, December, 
1887. 

Sm,ith, Samuel. — He was born in 

Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, July 27, 
1752. He was a distinguished merchant 
of Baltimore, and contributed lai-gely to 
the advancement of that city, of which 
he was once Mayor. He rose from the 
rank of Captain to that of Brigadier- 
General in the Revolutionary war. In 
1776 he Avas a member of the Convention 
■for framing the Constitution of Maryland ; 
and was a Representative in Congress, 
23 



from that State, from 1793 to 1803, and 
again from 1816 to 1822; and a Senator in 
Congress from 1803 to 1815, and again 
from 1822 to 1833, serving as Chairman 
of the Committee on Finance. During a 
part of the Ninth and Tentli Congresses, 
he olQciated as President pi'o tern, of the 
Senate. He died suddenly, at Baltimore, 
April 25, 1839. 

Smith, Samuel. — He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Pennsylvania, 
from 1805 to 1809. 

Sm,ith, Samuel.— Horn in 1767, in 
Peterborough, New Hampshire; held 
many public positions ; was for many 
years a manufacturer of paper ; and a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from that State, 
from 1813 to 1815. He died in 1842. 

Smith, Satnuel ^.— He was born ia 
Pennsylvania, and was a Representative 
in Congress, from Bucks County, Penn- 
sylvania, from 1829 to 1833, serving, dur- 
ing his second term, on the Committee on 
Agriculture. 

Sinifh, Samuel A,— lie was born in 

Monroe County, Tennessee, June 28, 1822. 
He lost his father when quite young, and, 
with limited opportunities for attending 
school, spent the most of his time on a 
farm until he became of age. At that 
time he began to attend school in earnest, 
and at the end of three months he became 
a teacher, and for two years alternately 
attended and taught school in his native 
county. lie also taught school, for a while, 
during ten months that he studied law, 
and was admitted to the bar in 1845. 
During that year he was elected Attorney- 
General for the Third Judicial District of 
Tennessee, which otfice he held until 1848. 
He was a Delegate to the " National Con- 
vention" of that year, held at Baltimore, 
and was soon afterwards elected a Pres- 
idential Elector, and was again chosen an 
Elector in 1852. In 1850 he took a deep 
interest in the affairs of the East Tennessee 
and Georgia Railroad ; and hewas elected a 
Representative, from Tennessee, to the 
Thirty-third Congress, and re-elected to 
the Thirty-fourth and Thirty-flftli Con- 
gresses, and was Chairman of the Joint 
Committee on Printing. In 1859 he was 
appointed, by President Buchanan, Com- 
missioner of the General Laud office, and 
resigned in February, 1860. 

Smith, Thomas.— lie was a Dele- 
gate to the Continental Congress, from 
Pennsylvania, from 1780 to 1782. 

Smith, Thomas. — He was a Repre- 
sentative, m Congress, from Pennsylva- 
nia, from 1815 to 1817. 

Smith, Thomas.— Born in Pennsyl- 
vania, and was a Representative in Co^- 



354 



BIOGBAPniOAL BECOBDS. 



gress, from Indiana, from 1839 to 1841, 
and again from 1843 to 1847. 

Smith, Trutnan.—Re was born in 
Eoxbuiy, Litchtield County, Connecticut, 
November 27, 1791; graduated at Yale 
College in 1815; lie studied law, and was 
admitted to tlie bar in 1818 ; he was elected 
to the State Legislature in 1831, and re- 
- elected in 1832 and 1834; in 1839 he was 
elected a Representative in Congress, and 
re-elected in 1841, in 1845, and 1817; he 
was also a Presidential Elector in 1844; in 
1849 he took his seat in the United States 
Senate for a fall terra of six years, resign- 
ing in 1854. Of late years he has been 
engaged in the practice of his profession 
in Neiv York City, and was appointed, by 
President Lincoln, Judge of the Court of 
Arbitration in New York, under the Trea- 
ty with Great Britain of 1S(J2. 

Smith, William.— lie was a Del- 
egate to the Continental Congress, from 
Maryland, from 1777 to 1778, and a Repre- 
sentative under the Constitution, from 
1789 to 1791, when he was appointed, by 
President Washington, Auditor of the 
Treasury. 

SmitJi, Williatn.—Tle was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from South Caroli- 
na, from 1789 to 1799, and resigned on 
being appointed United States Minister to 
Portugal by President John Adams. 

SmitJi, William.— Tie was born in 
North Carolina, in 1762; emigrated to 
South Carolina, and was educated at 
Mount Zion College. He studied law, and 
came to the bar in 1792. He was a Sen- 
ator in Congress, from that State, from 
181G to 1823, and again from 1826 to 1831, 
ofTiciating on two occasions as President 
pro tern, of the Senate. In 1837 he re- 
ceived the electoral vote of Virginia for 
Vice-President of the United States. He 
served in the Legislature of South Caro- 
lina, and was Judge of the Superior Court 
of that State. He was a distinguished 
supporter of the doctrine of State Rights. 
He was offered a seat on the bench of the 
Supreme Court of the United States, but 
declined it. He spent the latter years 
of his life in Alabama, and died at Hunts- 
ville, in July, 1840. 

Smith, William. — "Was born in 
Chesterfleld, Virginia, and was a Repre- 
sentative, from that State, to the Nine- 
teenth Congress. 

Sm^ith, William. — Born in King 
George County, Virginia, September 6, 
1797. Alter prosecuting his studies at 
Plainfleld Academy, in Connecticut, and 
at private schools in Virginia, he studied 
law, and commenced the practice in 1818. 
Soon after, he was the means of' estab- 
lishing a line of post-coaches through 



Virginia, the Carolinas, and Georgia, by 
which he made a fortune; and in 1836 he 
was elected to the State Legislature, and 
re-elected in 1840. He was a Represent- 
ative in Congress during the term of 1842 
and 1843; in 1845 he was elected Gov- 
ernor of Virginia for three years ; and in 
1853 was re-elected a Representative in 
Congress, in which position he continued 
until the breaking out of the Rebellion in 
1861. He was Chairman of the Special 
Committee on the Laws of Public Print- 
ing, and a member of the Committee on 
Territories, in the Thirt3'-sixth Congress. 
He subsequently served as a Brigadier- 
General in the Virginia army, and was 
wounded at Antietam. 

StnitTi, William iV. JT.— Born in 
Murfreesborough, Hertford County, North 
Carolina, September 24, 1812; graduated 
at Yale College in 1834; studied law in 
New Haven for two years, and was ad- 
mitted to the bar in 1839 ; in 1840 he was 
elected a member of the State House of 
Commons; in 1848 to the State Senate; 
before the expiration of his senatorial 
term, he was chosen Solicitor of the First 
Judicial District, holding the office for 
eight years ; in 1858 he was re-elected to 
the House of Commons, but resigned his 
seat; and was elected a Representative, 
from North Carolina, to the Thirty-sixth 
Congress, serving as a member of the 
Committee on Commerce. He took part 
in the Rebellion of 1861 as a member of 
the so-called Confederate Congress. He 
was also a Delegate to the Philadelphia 
"National Union Convention" of 1866. 

Sm,ith, William _R.— He was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from Alabama, 
his native State, from 1851 to 185/, where y 
he acquired reputation by making a dem-'' 
onstration against Kossuth. He iias / 
chiefly devoted himself to literature and 
law, and has had a seat on the bench of 
Alabama. 

Sm,ith, William *Sf.— He graduated 
at Princeton College in 1774; was for 
three years a member of the New York 
Assembly; and a Representative in Con- 
gress, from that State, fi'om 1815 to 1816. 

Sinith, WorfJiifigton C— He was 
born in St. Albans, Vermont, April 23, 
1823 ; graduated at the University of Ver- 
mont, in Burlington, 1843; studied law, 
but abandoned the profession, and became 
an iron-merchant and manufacturer; in 
1863 he was chosen to the Legislature of 
the State ; in 1864 and 1865 to the State 
Senate, officiating during the last session 
as President of the Senate ; and in 1866 
he was elected a Representative, from 
Vermont, to the Fortieth Congress, serv- 
ing on the Committees on Manufactures, 
and on Weights and Measures. 



BIOGEAPIIICAL BECORDS. 



355 



Smithers, Nathaniel B. — He was 

born in Dover, Delaware, Octobers, 1818; 
gracliiated at Lafayette College, Fenusyl- 
vaiiia, in 1836: studied law, and came to 
the bar iu 1840 ; was Clerk of the Dela- 
Avare House of Representatives in 1845 
and 1847; in January, 18G3, he was ap- 
pointed Secretary of State for Delaware, 
which position he resigned; and was 
elected a Representative, from Delaware, 
to the Thirty-eighth Congress, serving on 
the Committee on Elections. He was a 
Delegate to the "Baltimore Convention" 
of 1864; and also to the Philadelphia 
"Loyalists' Convention" of 18G6. 

Smj/th, Alexander. — He was a Rep- 
resentative iu Congress, from Virginia, 
from 1817 to 1825, and a^ain from 1827 to 
1830. Died April 17, 1830, in Washington, 
aged sixty-five years. 

Sini/thf George W. — Bom in North 
Carolina, and was elected a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from Texas, from 1853 
to 1855. 

Sneed, William JH".— He was born 
in Tennessee, and was a Representative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1855 
to 1857. 

Snodgrass, John Fry all. —Born 

in Eerkelej' County, Virginia, March 2, 
1804; was a lawyer by profession, and 
practised in Parkersburg, Virginia. He 
was a member of the Virginia " Constitu- 
tional Convention " assembled at Rich- 
mond in 1850, and was a Representative 
in Congress from 1853 until his death, 
which occurred while trying a case in 
court, iu Parkersburg, June 5, 1854. 

Snow, William TF.— He was born 
in Massachusetts, and, having removed to 
New York, was elected a Representative, 
from that State, to the Thirty-second 
Congress. 

Snyder, Adam TF.— Born in 1801 ; 
frequently served iu tlie State Legislature 
of Illinois; and was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1837 to 
1839. He was a candidate for Governor 
of the State at the time of his death, 
which occurred at Belleville, Hlinois, May 
14, 1842. 

Snyder, John,— He was born in 
Pennsylvania, and was elected a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from that State, 
from 1841 to 1843, and was a member of 
the Committee ou the Militia. 

Sollers, Augustus It. — Born in 

Maryland, and was elected a Representa- 
tive in Congress, from his native State, 
from 1841 to 1843, and again from 1853 to 
1855. 



Somes, Daniel E.—Ue was a Repre- 
sentative, from Maine, in the Thirty-sixth 
Congress, serving as a member of the 
Committee on Public Exp;;nditures. 
From 1855 to 1857, he was Mayor of 
Biddeford; and from 1856 to 1858, Presi- 
dent of tlie City Bank of that city. He was 
also a member of the "Peace Congress " 
of 1861. 

Soule, Nathan. — He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from New York, 
from 1831 to 1833. He was also a mem- 
ber of the State Assembly, from Onon- 
daga, in 1837. 

Soule, Pierre.— Horn at Castilllon, in 
the Pyrenees, during the First Consulate 
of Napoleon. He was destined for the 
church, and in 1816 was sent to the Jesuits' 
College at Toulouse. He was afterwards 
sent to complete his studies at Bordeaux. 
At the age of fifteen lie took part in a con- 
spiracy against the Bourbons, and, the plot 
having been discovered, he was obliged to 
take refuge iu a little village of Navarre, 
where he remained for more than a year, 
following the occupation of a shepherd. 
He was permitted to return to Bordeaux; 
but he longed for a more exciting scene of 
action, and accordingly repaired to Paris. 
Here, in conjunction with Barthelemy and 
Mery, he established a paper advocating 
liberal Republican sentiments. This soon 
brought him under the eye of the authori- 
ties, and he was put upon his trial. His 
advocate appealed to the clemency of the 
court iu behalf of the prisoner on the score 
of his youth. This line of defence did not 
suit the prisoner, who rose from his seat 
and addressed the court, denying the 
criminality of his opinions and conduct. 
His eloquence did not save him from St. 
Pelagic, whence he succeeded in making 
his escape to England. Disappointed in 
his expectations of obtaining a situation 
in Chili, which had been promised him, and 
finding himself alone in a strange country, 
wholly ignorant of the language, he re- 
turned to France. At Havre 'he met a 
friend, a Captain in the French navy, who 
advised him to seek an asylum in the 
United States, and offered him a passage 
in his ship as far as St. Domingo. He ac- 
cepted the proposition, and arrived at 
Port-au-Prince iu September, 1825. From 
this place he took passage to Baltimore, 
and finally removed to New Orleans, iu the 
fall of 1825. Having determined to make 
the law his profession, he first applied him- 
self assiduously to the study of English, 
and passed his examination for the bar in 
that language, and was admitted. In 1847 
he was elected a Senator in Congress from 
Louisiana, to fill a vacancy, and was re- 
electaa in 1849 for the term of six years, 
but resigned iu 1853. In 1853 he was ap- 
pointed by President Pierce Minister to 
Spain. In 1862 he was arrested in New 
Orleans for disloyalty to the government, 



356 



BIOGEAPHICAL BECOBDS. 



and, after an imprisonment of some 
months in Fort Lafayette, he was released 
on condition that he would not return to 
Louisiana until the end of the Rebellion. 

Southard, JETenr?/.— Born on Long 
Island, October, 1740. When he was 
eight j'ears of age his father removed to 
Baskingridge, in the Colony of New Jer- 
sey. He received but an ordinary edu- 
cation, and as a day laborer earned the 
money to buy a farm. He took an active 
part in the Eevolutionary war, and, after 
the adoption of the Constitution, served 
nine years in the State Legislature, and 
was a Representative in Congress, from 
New Jersey, from 1801 to 1811, and from 
1815 to 1821. A short time before retir- 
ing from Congress he met his son in a 
joint committee, and they voted together 
on the Missouri Compromise. He died 
June 2, 1842. He was a man of superior 
talents and remarkable memory. 

SoutJiard, Isaac. — He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from New Jersey, 
from 1831 to 1833. Died September 18, 
1850. 

Southardf Samuel L. — "Was the 
son of Henry Soutliai'd; born in Baskiug- 
ridge. New Jersey, June 9, 1787. He 
graduated at Princeton in 1804, and soon 
afterwards removed to Virginia, where he 
was aduiitted to the bar. In 1811 he re- 
turned to his native State, and rose to a 
high position as a lav?-yer. He was, for 
several years, Deputy-Attorney, and in 
1814 was admitted as Counsellor-at-Law, 
and appointed Law Reporter by the Leg- 
islature. In 1815 he was elected to the 
Legislature, and, in a week after taking 
Lis seat, was placed on the bench of the 
Supreme Court of New Jersey. In 1820 
lie was a Presidential Elector; in 1821 he 
was elected a Senator in Congress, serving 
as President pro tern, of that body ; re- 
mained thereuntil 1823, when he was ap- 
pointed by President Monroe Secretary of 
the Navy ; he was also acting Seci-etary 
of the Treasury, and for a short period 
acting Secretary of War. In 1822 he was 
elected a Trustee of Nassau Hall, and also 
of the Theological Seminary of Prince- 
ton. In 1830 he was elected Attorney- 
General of the State; and in 1832 was 
Governor of the State. In 1833 he was 
re-elected to the United States Senate, 
and served until 1842, and on the death of 
President Harrison he became the Presi- 
dent of the Senate. He is remembered in 
New Jersey as the " favorite son" of that 
State. He died at Fredericksburg, Vir- 
giuia, June 26, 1842. 

Southgate, Willlatn TF.— Born in 

Kentucky, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1837 to 
i-839. 



Spaight, Michard X). — He com- 
menced his academic studies in Ireland, 
and finished his education at the Uni- 
versity of Glasgovv. He joined the Amer- 
ican Army in 1778, as Aide-de-camp to 
General Caswell, and was at the battle of 
Camden in 1780. In 1781 he entered the 
House of Commons of North Carolina; 
from 1782 to 1784 was a member of the 
Continental Congress, and also during the 
years 1785 andl78G; and he was one of 
tlie Delegates to form the Constitution of 
the United States, to which his name is 
appended, and he was a Presidential 
Elector in 1797. In 1792 he was again 
elected to the local Legislature, and was 
the same year elected Governor of North 
Carolina. He was a Representative in 
Congress, from 1798 to 1801, afcer which 
lie was elected to the State Senate. Oa 
Sunday, September 5, 1802 he fought a 
duel with the Honorable John Stanley, 
was wounded in the side, and died ia 
about twenty hours, 

Spaight, Richard D. — He was the 

son of tlie above, and born in Nevvbern, 
North Carolina, in 1796. He graduated at 
the University of that State in 1815; 
studied law ; served four years in the State 
Legislature ; was a Representative in Con- 
gress from 1823 to 1825; he subsequently 
served ten years in the State Senate, and 
was Governor of North Carolina in 1835 
and 1836. After retiring from tliat Oillce, 
he declined all public positions, and de- 
voted liimself to agricultural pursuits. 
He died in 1850. 

Spalding, JRiifus Paine.— Re was 
born in WestTisbury, Martlia's Vineyard, 
Massachusetts, May 3, 1798. Went with 
his parents to Connecticut Avhen young; 
received the rudiments of his education 
at the Plainfield and Colchester Acade- 
mies; graduated at Yale College in 1817; 
studied law, and, removing to Ohio, comT 
menced the practice of his profession in 
Trumbull County in 1821 ; in 1839 he was 
elected to the Oliio Legislature ; re-elected 
in 1841, and was Speaker of the House; 
in 1849 he was elected a Judge of the Su- 
preme Court for seven years, and held the 
position for three years, until the new 
State Constitution was adopted, when he 
removed to Cleveland, and resumed the 
practice of law. In 1862 he was elected % 
Representative from Ohio to the Thirty- 
eighth Congress, serving on the Commit- 
tees on Naval Affairs, and Revolutionary 
Pensions. Re-elected to the Thirty-ninth 
Congress, serving on the Committees on 
Appropriations, and the Bankrupt Law. 
Re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, serv- 
ing on the Committee on Printing and 
Revision of United States Laws. 

Spalding, Thomas.— B-e was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from Georgia, 
from 1805 to 1806. 



BIOGBAPIIICAL liECOBDS. 



as 7 



Spangler, David.— lie was a Rep- 
resentative ill Cuugress, from Ohio, from 
18J53 to 1837, and hi 1844 was nominated 
by the Whig party, for Governor of the 
State, but declined the nomination. He 
died ia Coshocton, Ohio, October 18, 
185G. 

Spangler, tfacob. — Born in 1768; 
was a Representative in Congress, from 
Pennsylvania, from 181(j to 1818, and sub- 
sequently Surveyor-General of the State. 
Died at York, Pennsylvania, June 17, 
1843, 

Spaulding, Elbridge €?.— He was 

born at Summer Hill, Cayuga County, 
New York, February 24, 180!:); was edu- 
cated at Auburn Academy; taught school, 
studied law, and was admitted to prac- 
tice in Genesee County. In 183t here- 
moved to Buffalo, and in 1836 was At- 
torney of the Supreme Court of New 
York, and also Solicitor in Chancery, 
and in 1839 was Counsellor of the same. 
In 1836 he was appointed City Clerk of 
Buffalo; in 1841 he was Alderman, and in 
1847 was elected Mayor. In 1848 he was 
a member of the Assembly of the State; 
and from 1849 to 1851 he was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, serving on the 
Committee on Foreign Relations. In 
1853 he was elected Treasurer of the State 
of New York, and was a member of the 
Canal Board for two years, and is now 
President of the Farmers' and Mechanics' 
Bank of Genesee, at Buffalo. He was also 
elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, 
serving as a member of the Committee 
on Ways and Means. Re-elected to the 
Thirty-seventh Congress. 

Speed, Thomas.— B-e was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Kentucky, 
from 1817 to 1819. 

Speight, J'esse. — Born in Greene 

County, North Carolina, September 22, 
1795. His education was limited, but his 
natural abilities were of a high order. In 
1822 he was a member of the House of 
Commons ; in 1823, of the Senate, where 
he continued nntil 1827, officiating several 
years as Speaker; and he was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from North Caro- 
lina, from 1829 to 1837. He declined a 
re-election; removed to Mississippi; was 
elected to the Legislature there, and made 
Speaker; and from 1845 to 1847 was a 
Senator in Congress from his adopted 
State. He died at Columbus, Mississippi, 
May 5, 1847. 

Spence, John S. — He was a Senator 
In Congress, from Maryland, from 1837 to 
1841, and a Representative from 1823 to 
1825, and again from 1836 to 1840. Died 
October 29, 1840. 

Spence, Thomas -4..— He graduated 



at Yale College in 1829 ; and was elected 
a Representative in Congress, from Mary- 
land, from 1843 to 1845. 

Spencer, Amlyrose.—^ovn in Salis- 
bury, Connecticut, December 13, 1765; in 
1779 entered Yale College, and remained 
three years, but graduated at Harvard 
University in 1783; studied law, and set- 
tled at Hudson, New York. He was a 
member of the Assembly in 1793; from 
1795 to 1798, State Senator; in 1796, As- 
sistant Attorney-General of the Counties 
of Columbia and Rensselaer, and a mem- 
ber of the Council of Appointment; ia 
1802 was Attorney-General for the State; 
in 1804 was chosen Judge; in 1809 was 
a Presidential Illector, and in 1810 be- 
came Chief Justice of the Supreme Court 
of the State. In 1823 he retired from the 
bench, and was engaged at the bar, and 
was elected a Representative in Congress, 
from New York, from 1829 to 1831. He 
was also Mayor of Albany one term. He 
retired to the village of Lyons in 1839, 
and engaged in ^agricultural pursuits; and 
in 1844 was President of the "National 
Whig Convention " at Baltimore. Died at 
Lyons, March 13, 1848. 

Spencer, Elijah.— Tie was born iu 
Columbia County, New York, and was a 
member of the New York Assembly in 
1819; and a Representative in Congress, 
from that State, from 1821 to 1823. 

Spencer, James JB.-TIq served as 
a Captain in the war of 1812, and was iu 
sevei'al engagements; he was in the Leg- 
islature of New York iu 1831 and 1832; 
and was a Representative in Congress, 
from that State, from 1837 to 18391 He 
subsequently held the various positions of 
Elector, Magistrate, County Judge, Col- 
lector, and Indian Agent. He died at 
Fort Covington, New Y''ork, in March, 
1848. 

Spencer, John C— He was born iu 
Hudson, New York, January 8, 1783. He 
entered Williams College, but soon went 
to Union College, where he graduated iu 
180G. President Nott was then at the 
head of the college, and one of the last 
professional acts of Mr. Spencer was to 
defend in court the President's adminis- 
tration, for many years, of the affairs of 
the college. Mr. Spencer was admitted 
to the bar in 1809, and opened an office iu 
Canandaigua. He lived iu Canandaigua 
until 1845, when he removed to Albany, 
where he resided until his death. He was 
Private Secretary to Governor Daniel D. 
Tompkins, and at the age of nineteen bQ- 
carae connected with public affairs, and 
from that time until his last illness no 
prominent public event occurred iu which 
he did not take an interest. In 1811 he 
was made Master iu Chancery; iu 1813 he 



358 



BIOaBAPHICAL BECOBDS. 



was Brigade Judge Advocate, in active 
service oa tlie frontier; in 1814 he was 
appointed Postmaster of Canandaigua; 
in 1815 was Assistant Attorney-General 
for tlie western part of the State; in 1816 
was elected to Congress, where he re- 
mained two years. While there, he was 
one of the committee who examined into 
the affairs of the United States Banli, and 
their report was drawn by his hand. In 
1820 he was first elected to tlie Assembly, 
and was chosen Spealier. The next year 
he was returned, but was in the minority. 
In 1824 he was elected to the State Senate^ 
and served four years. He joined the 
Anti-masonic party, and was appointed, 
by Governor Van Buren, Special Attorney- 
General, under the law passed for that 
purpose, to prosecute those connected 
with the alleged abduction of Morgan. 
In 1832 he was again elected to the As- 
sembly. In 1839 he was appointed Secre- 
tary of State and Superintendent of 
Common Schools, and did much to reduce 
thera to a system. He served for two 
years. He was appointed Regent of the 
University in 1840. In October, 1841, he 
was made Secretary of War by President 
Tyler, and in March, 1843, was trans- 
ferred to the Treasury Department, but 
resigned in 1844, from his opposition to 
the annexation of Texas. Mr. Spencer 
Avas a successful lawyer, but he achieved 
his highest fame from his connection 
with the revision of the statutes of 
New York. Not content with merely 
preparing the statutes, he followed them 
up with a series of essays, explaining 
their purposes. So great confidence was 
placed in him by the people, that he was 
selected to revise the whole body of the 
law of the State; but his advancing age 
compelled him to decline the task. He 
was industrious, and a man of intellect 
and intense energv. He died at Albany, 
May 18, 1855. 

Spencer, Joseph,— Rq was a Dele- 
gate, from Connecticut, to the Continental 
Congress, in 1788 and 178D. 

Spencer, Richard.— B.e was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from Maryland, 
from 1829 to 1831. 

Spinner, Francis JEJ.— Born in the 
town of German Flats, Herkimer County, 
Now York (where the village of Mohawk 
now stands), January 21, 1802; and re- 
ceived most of his instruction from his fa- 
ther, who was a highly educated German 
clergyman. For twenty years he was the 
executive officer of the Moliawk Valley 
Bank ; he held all the commissions, from 
the governors of New York, from a Lieu- 
tenant to a M.ijor General of the State 
Artillery; was County Sheriff, and Com- 
missioner for building the State Lunatic 
Asylum. From 1845 to 1849 he was Audi- 
tor in the Naval Office at New York; and 



In 1854 was elected a Representative to 
the Thirty-fourth Congress, and was re- 
elected to the Thirty-flfth, serving as a 
member of the Committee on Accounts. 
He was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth 
Congress, serving as Chairman of the 
Committee on Accounts. In 1861 he was 
appointed, by President Lincoln, United 
States Treasurer. 

Sprague, I*eZeg.—B.e graduated at 
Dartmouth College in 1783; and was a 
Representative in Congress, from New 
Hampshire, from 1797 to 1799. Died in 
1800, aged 44 years. 

Sprague, JPeleg.-TIe was born in 
Duxbury, Massachusetts, in 1792; gradu- 
ated at Harvard University with honor in 
1812 ; and, having adopted the profession 
of law, settled in the practice first at Au- 
gusta, Maine, and then at Hallowell ; he 
was a member of the Maine Legislature in 
1821 and 1822; a Representative in Con- 
gress, from Maine, from 1825 to 1829 ; and 
a Senator in Congress from 1829 to 1835. 
On completing his senatorial term he set- 
tled in Boston, and in 1841 he was ap- 
pointed Judge of the District Court of the 
United States for Massachusetts, which 
office he resigned in 1865. In 1841 he 
was also a Presidential Elector. In 1847 
he received from Harvard the degree of 
Doctor of Laws. 

Sprague, WiUiain.— He washornirx 
Cranston, Rhode Island, in 1800. When 
quite young he was elected to the General 
Assembly, and in 1832 was chosen Speaker 
of the House. In 1835 he was chosen a 
Representative in Congress, from Rhode 
Island, and declined a re-election. He 
was Governor of Rhode Island, in 1838 
and 1839, and in 1842 was elected to the 
United States Senate, serving two years. 
In 1849 he was Presidential Elector; and 
a member of the State Assembly at the 
time of his death, which occui'red in Prov- 
idence, October 19, 1856. 

Sprague, William. — He was born 
in Rhode Island, and, removing to Michi- 
gan, was a Representative in Congress,, 
from that State, from 1849 to 1851 ; and 
died soon afterwards. 

Sprague, William. — Was born iu 
Cranston Rhode Island, September 11, 
1830, his ancestors having been for several 
generations honorably associated with 
the manufacturing business of New Eng- 
land; was educated chiefly at the Irving 
Institute, Tarrytown, New York, and sub- 
sequently spent several years in the 
counting-room of an uncle, on the death 
of whom one of t^e largest manufacturing 
interests in the couuti-y came into his 
possession. Having a taste for military 
affairs, he joined an artillery company ia 
Providence in his eighteenth year, and be- 



BIOGBAPHICAL liECOEDS. 



359 



came a Colonel ; in 1859 he visited Europe, 
and was friendly to the cause and person 
of GaribaUli. In 1861 he was elected Gov- 
ernor of Rhode Ishmd, and, on the break- 
injj; out of the Rebellion, he took a great 
interest in the national cause; was with 
the troops of Rhode Island at the first 
battle of Bull Run; and in 1862 he was 
elected a Senator iu Congress, from Rhode 
Island, lor tlie term ending in 1869, serv- 
ing as Chairman of the Committee on 
Manufactures, and as a member of the 
Committees on Commerce, and Military 
Affairs. He is also President of several 
banks, and, when at home, takes an active 
part as a Director in various Insurance 
Companies. He was a Delegate to the 
Philadelphia " Loyalists' Convention" of 
1860, and also to the '' Soldiers' Conven- 
tion" at Pittsburg. His uncle, bearing 
tlie same name, was also a Senator in Con- 
gress. Ke-eiected to the Senate iu 1868. 

Sprigg, James C— Born in Mary- 
land, and vvas elected a Representative in 
Congress, from Kentucky, from 18il to 
1843. 

Sprigg, 3IlcTiael C. — He was fre- 
quently a member of the Maryland Legis- 
lature; at one time President of the 
Chesapeake and Ohio Canal ; and a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from 1827 to 1831. 
He died at Cumberland, Maryland, in De- 
cember, 181:5. 

Sprigg, Richard.— Kevins a Eepre- 
seniative in Congress, from Maryland, 
from 1796 to 1799, and from 1801 to 1802. 

Sprigg, Thoinas.—Tie was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from Maryland, 
from 1793 to 1793. 

Spruance, Presley.— Re was born 
in Delaware, in 1785; was devoted to 
mercantile pursuits; served in the State 
Senate, and was President of that body; 
and vvas a Senator in Congress, from Del- 
aware, from 1847 to 1853. Died in Smyr- 
na, Delaware, February 13, 1863. 

Stallworth, Jatnes A. — Born in 

Conecuh County, Alabama, April 7, 1822. 
He received an academic education ; 
studied law; serving. in the Legislature 
during the years 1845, 1846, 1847, and 1848 ; 
was twice elected Solicitor for his Dis- 
trict; and was elected a Representative 
to the Thirty-fiftli Congress, serving as a 
member of the Committee on Commerce. 
He-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, 
but withdrew in February, 1861, to take 
part in the Rebellion. 

Stanherry, WilliaTH.— Born in Es- 
sex County, IJew Jersey, and was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from Ohio, from 
1827 to 1833. He resided in Licking Coun- 
ty. He is remembered as the member 



upon whom a personal assault was made, 
for words uttered in debate, by Sam 
Houston, in 1832. 

Standifer, Jatnes.— He was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from Tennessee, 
from 1823 to 1825, and again from 1829 to 
1837. He died near Kingston, Tennessee, 
August 24, 1836. 

Stanford, RicJiard. — He was a 

Representative in Congress, from North 
Carolina, from 1797 to 1816. Died April 
9, 1816, in Georgetown, District of Colum- 
bia, aged forty-seven years. 

Stanley, Edtvard.— Born in North 
Carolina; received a portion of his edu- 
cation at the Military Academy at Middle- 
town, Connecticut; studied law; served 
three years in the House of Commons of 
North Carolina, and was Speaker of that 
body. Was a Representative, from North 
Carolina, in the Twenty-fifth, Twenty- 
sixth, Twenty-seventh, Thirtieth, Thirty- 
first, and Thirty-second Congresses, serv- 
ing on the Committee on Ways and Means, 
and as a leader of his party in debate. 
He removed to California, where he de- 
voted himself to the law. He was recalled 
from there, by President Lincoln, in 1862, 
to assuuje the duties of Military Govern- 
or of North Carolina. He acted iu this 
capacity for some months, when he re- 
signed and returned to California. 

Stanley, John. — He was born iu 
North Carolina; was a distinguished 
member of tlie Legislature of North Car- 
olina; and a Representative in Congress, 
from that State, from 1801 to 1803, and 
again from 1809 to 1811. He was an able 
and eloquent debater, greatly respected 
for his talents and private character. 
While delivering a speech in the Legisla- 
ture, in 1826, he was arrested by an at- 
tack of hemiplegy, from the effects of 
which he suffered until his death, August 
3, 1834, at Nevvbern, North Carolina. 

Stanton, Benjamin. — Born at 

Mount Pleasant, Jefferson County, Ohio, 
June 4, 1809. He lived on a farm until 
the age of seventeen, and then worked at 
the trade of a tailor until he was twenty- 
one. He studied law, and settled in Belle- 
fontaine, Ohio, in April, 1834, Avliere he 
practised his profession. He was elected 
to the State Senate in 1841 ; resigned in 
1842, but was re-elected the same year. 
In 1850 he was a Delegate to the Ohio 
" Constitutional Convention," and in Oc- 
tober of that year was elected to the 
House of Representatives of the Thirty- 
second Congress, He was re-elected to tlie 
Thirty-fourth and Thirty-fifth Congresses ; 
and vvas one of the Regents of the Smith- 
sonian Institution, and a member of the 
Committee on Military Affairs. He Avas 
also re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Con- 



360 



J^IOGBAPJIIOAL BE COEDS. 



gress, serving? as Cbairman of the Com- 
mittee on Military Atfairs. In 1862 he 
Avas Lieutenaut-Goveruor of Ohio. 

Stanton, FredericJcI*.— Born in the 

District of Columbia; as a boy, worked 
with his father at the business of brick- 
laying; and was elected a Representative 
in Congress, from Tennessee, from 18i5 
to 1855. He was also appointed Governor 
oT the Territoiy of Kansas in 1858 ; he 
subsequently settled in Washington City 
as a lawyer. His brother, Richard H., 
was also a member of Congress. 

Stanton, J'oseph. — Born in Rhode 
Island, and was for many years a leading 
politician. He was a Senator in Congress, 
from Rhode Island, from 1790 to 1793, 
and a Representative in Congress from 
1801 to 1807. 

Stanton, ItlcJiard II. — Born in the 
District of Columbia, and was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Kentucky, 
from 1819 to 1855; also a Presidential 
Elector in 1856. He was also a Delegate 
to the Philadelphia " National Union Con- 
vention " of 1866. 

Starlc, Benjamin. — Born in the City 
of New Orleans, June 26, 1820; received 
an academic education in New London, 
Connecticut, and a commercial education 
in the City of New York. In 1815 he set- 
tled in Oregon, and established commer- 
cial relations with the Sandwich Islands, 
and with California when a Mexican prov- 
ince ; in 1850 he abandoned commercial 
pursuits; studied law and came to the 
bur in 1851 ; in 1852 he was a member of 
the Territorial Legislature of Oregon ; in 
1860 of the State Legislature of that State ; 
and he was a Senator in Congress, from 
Oregon, during a part of the years 1861 
and 1862, the Thirty-seventh Congress. 
In 1815 he erected in Portland, Oregon, 
his present residence, the first building, 
which was a log trading-house. He was 
also a Delegate to the " Chicago Conven- 
tion " of 1864. 

Starlcweather, David A. — Born 
in Connecticut, and was elected a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Ohio, from 
1839 to 1841, and again from 1845 to 1847. 
He was also a Presidential Elector in 
1848. 

StarlcweatJier, George ^. — Born 
in Connecticut, and was a Representative 
in Congress, from New Yorli, from 1847 
to 1849, and was a member of the Com- 
mittee on Accounts. 

SfarJctveatJier, Henry JH".— He was 
boi'n in Preston, New London County, 
Connecticut, Api'il 29, 1826; adopted the 
profession of law; served in the State 
Legislature ; and was a Delegate to the 



"Chicago Convention " of 1860. In 1861 he 
was appointed Postmaster of Norwich, 
which he lield until 1865, when he was re- 
appointed but resigned on the accession 
of President .Johnson. He was subse- 
quently made Cliairman of the Republican 
State Committee, and also a member of 
the National Republican Executive Com- 
mittee ; and in 1867 he was elected a Rep- 
resentative from Connecticut to the 
Fortieth Congress ; serving on the Com- 
mittees on Naval Affairs and Expenditures 
in the Treasury Department. 

Starr, John F. — Born in Philadel- 
phia in 1818; removed to New Jersey in 
1844 ; has been engaged in business pur- 
suits ; and in 1863 he was elected a Rep- 
resentative, from New Jersey, to the 
Thirty-eighth Congress, serving on the 
Committee on Manufactures, and that on 
Public Buildings and Grounds. Re-elect- 
ed to the Thirty-ninth Congress, serving' 
on the Committees on Territories, on 
Public Buildings and Grounds, and the 
Postal Railroad to New York. He was 
also a D<'legate to the Philadelphia " Loy- 
alists' Convention " of 1866. 

St, Clair, Arthur. — He was born 
in Edinburgh; was a Lieutenant under 
General Wolfe, and subsequently settled 
in Pennsylvania, when he became a natu- 
ralized citizen. At the commencement 
of the Revolution he joined the American 
army, and in 1777 was appointed Major- 
General, and served with distinction. 
In 1783 he was elected President of the 
Cincinnati Society of his adopted State; 
was a Delegate to the Continental Con- 
gress, from 1785 to 1787 ; and in the latter 
year was chosen President of that body. 
He was subsequently appointed Governor 
of the North-west Territory, and in 1790 
commanded an army against the Miami 
Indians. He resigned his commission of 
Major-General in 1792, and his latter 
years were passed in poverty. He died 
in 1818. 

Stearns f Asahel.—E.e was born at 
Lunenburg, Massachusetts, in 1774; grad- 
uated at Cambridge University in 1797; 
was educated as a lawyer ; practised vi-ith 
reputation many years at Chelmsford ; was 
several years County Attorney for Mid- 
dlesex County; was a Representative in 
Congress, from Massachusetts, from 1815 
to 1817; was appointed Professor of Law 
at Cambridge in 1817, and continued in 
the office until 1829, when he resigned. 
In 1824 he published a volume on "Real 
Actions," — a learned work. He was after- 
wards appointed one of the Commission- 
ers for revising the statutes of the 
Commonwealth. After this work was 
completed, his health declined, and he 
continued very feeble until his decease. 
He died at Cambridge, Massachusetts, 
February 5, 1839. 



BIOaBAPHICAL liECOIiDS. 



861 



Sfebbins, Henri/ G.—Was born in 
the City of New York in 1812; received a 
good educatiou; was brought up to the 
business of banking, and has been identi- 
fied with many of the important financial 
events and trusts of his native city. He 
"vvas at onetime identified with the Militia 
of Kew York, and was Colonel of the 
Twelfth Regiment. He was one of the 
Commissioners of the Park, and long 
President of the Board of Commissioners. 
He was one of the originators and Presi- 
dent of the Dramatic Fond Association, 
and an active manager of the New York 
Academy of Music. In 1862 he was elect- 
ed a liepresentative, from New York, to 
the Thirty-eighth Congress, serving on 
the Committee on Ways and Means. In 
October, 18G4, he resigned his seat in 
Congress, because he had declared him- 
self in favor of the war, and therefore 
supposed that he did not represent the 
peace principles of his constituents. 

Stedman, William.— TLq graduated 
at Harvard University in 1784: ; was a law- 
yer of extensive practice; served in tlie 
State Legislature; was for several years 
Clerk of the Supreme Judicial Court in 
Worcester; and was a Representative in 
Congress, fi'om Massachusetts, from 1803 
to IslO; and died in 1831, at Newbury- 
port, Massachusetts, aged sixty-six years. 
He came to the bar in 1787, and was in 
the Legislature in 1802. 

Steele, John. — A Representative in 

Congress, from North Carolina, from 1790 
to 1793; and vvas one of those wlio voted 
for locating the Seat of Government on 
the Potomac. He was born in Salisbury, 
November 1, 1764, and died August 14, 
1815. He was brought up a merchant, but 
turned Iiis attention to agricultural pur- 
suits. He served a number of yeai's in 
the State Legislature, part of the time as 
Speaker; was a member of the State Con- 
vention to consider the Constitution of 
the United States; he was, in 1806, Com- 
missioner to adjust the boundaries be- 
tween the States of North and South Car- 
olina; was a General of the Militia; and 
held the ofiice of First Comptroller of the 
Trea-^ury, under Presidents Washington 
and Adams. On August 14, 1815, he was 
again elected to the Legislature, but on 
that day he died. 

Steele, J'ohn B. — Was born in Delhi, 
Delaware County, New York, March 28, 
1814 ; was educated at Delaware Academy 
and at Williams College, Massachusetts ; 
studied law, and came to the bar in 1839 ; 
in 1841 was appointed District Attorney 
for Otsego County, and served his term ; in 
1847 removed to Kingston, Ulster County, 
and there pursued his profession ; in 1850 
was elected Special Judge of that county ; 
and in 18G0 was elected a Representative, 
from New York, to the Thirty-seventh 



Congress, serving on the Committees on 
the District of Columbia, and on Revolu- 
tionary Pensions. Re-elected to the Thir- 
ty-eighth Congress, a'j;ain serving on the 
Committees for the District of Columbia, 
and on Expenditures in the War Depart- 
ment. He was killed by being thrown 
from a carriage, in Kingston, New York, 
September 24, 1866. 

Steele, John iV.— Born in MarA^land, 
and elected a Representative in Congress, 
from that State, from 1835 to 1837. 

Steele, William (?.— Was born in 
Somerset County, New Jersey, December 
17, 1820; educated at the Somerville 
Academy ; entered early into the nicrcan- 
tile business, to which he subsequently 
added that of banking; was appointed, for 
several years, by the Governor of the 
State, a State Director for the Delaware 
and Raritau Canal, and the Camden and 
Amboy Raiload Company; was elected a 
Representative, from New Jersey, to the 
Thirty-seventh Congress, serving on the 
Select Committee on Army Contracts; 
and he Avas re-elected to the Thirty-eighth 
Congress, serving on the Committees on 
Accounts, and Enrolled Bills. He was 
also a Delegate to the " Chicago Conven- 
tion" of 1864. 

Steenrocl, Lewis. — "Born in Vir- 
ginia, and elected a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1839 to 

1845. 

Stephens, Abrahain J*.— Born in 
New York, and elected a Representative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1851 to 
1853. 

Stephens, Alexander Jf.— Born in 
Taliaferro County, Georgia, February 11, 
1812. He was left an orphan at tiie age of 
fouiteen, when kind friends, unsolicited, 
furnished him with the means to obtain an 
education, all of which he subsequently re- 
turned with interest. He prepared hiniself 
for college in nine months, and graduated 
at Franklin College in 1832. He studied 
law, and vvas admitted to practice in 1834. 
After paying his debts, his first earnings 
were devoted to redeeming from the hands 
of strangers the home of his childhood, 
which had been sold after his father's 
death, and upon which he still resides. In 
183G he was elected to the lower house of 
the State Legislature, where he served 
five years, devoting himself especially to 
the internal interests of his native State. 
In 1839 he Avas chosen a Delegate to the 
" Commercial Convention " at Charleston, 
Avhere he is said to have made a deep im- 
pression by his peculiar eloquence, lu 
1842 he Avas elected to the Senate of his 
State; and in 1843 he Avas elected a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from Georgia, to 
Avhich position he was regularly re-elected 



362 



BIOOBAPHICAL BECOBBS. 



to the close of the Thirty-fifth Congress. 
He has served on many committees, de- 
livered, many speeches, and it was while 
he officiated as Chairman of the Committee 
on Territories, that the Territories of 
Minnesota and Oregon were admitted into 
the Union. He subsequently became 
identified with the Rebellion of 1861, and 
was chosen Vice-President and member 
of Congress of the so-called " Southern 
Confederacy." He was subsequently con- 
fined as a IMsoner of State In Fort War- 
ren, and released by order of President 
Johnson. In 18C6 he was chosen a Dele- 
gate to the Pliiladelphia "National Union 
Convention," but did not attend its pro- 
ceedings. His "Life and Speeches " were 
published in one volume, in 1867, edited 
by Heniy Cleveland. 

Stephens, Philander. — "Was a mem- 
ber of the llouse of Representatives in 
Congress, from Pennsylvania, from 1829 
to, 1833. He died at Springfield, Penn- 
sylvania, July 8, 1842, aged fifty-four 
years. 

Stephenson, JBenjamin. — He was 

a Delegate in Congress, from Illinois Ter- 
ritory, from 1815 to 1816, when he was ap- 
pointed receiver of Public Moneys in Ed- 
wardsville, Illinois. 

Stephenson, Jatnes. — He was born 
in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, March 20, 
1761 ; and, having removed to Virginia at 
an early day, commanded a company in 
the campaign of General St. Clair; was 
present at the quelling of the Whiskey 
Insurrection in Pennsylvania, and was 
promoted to the office of Brigade Inspector ; 
he served for many years as a Delegate to 
the Virginia Assembly; and was a Repre- 
sentative iu Congress, from Virginia, 
from 1803 to 1805, Vrom 1809 to 1811, and 
again from 1822 to 1825. He died in Au- 
gust, 1833. 

Stephenson, JTatnes S. — He was 

born iu York Couutj'^, Pennsylvania, and 
was a Representative in Congress, from 
Pennsylvania, from 1825 to 1829 ; and died 
at Pittsburg, October 17, 1831. 

Sterigere, John S. — He was boi-n in 
Pennsylvania, and was a Representative 
in Congress, from Montgomery County, 
Pennsylvania, from 1827 to 1831; and a 
member, in 1829, of the Committee ou Pri- 
vate Laud Claims. 

Sterling, Ansel. — He was a native of 
New London Count^^ Connecticut, and a 
lienresentative iu Congress, from that 
State, from 1821 to 1825. 

Sterling, 3Hcah,—Bovn at Lyme, 
Connecticut, in 1781, and graduated at 
Yale College in 1801. He removed to the 
State of New York, and was for some 



years a member of the Legislature ; and a 
Representative in Congress from 1821 to 
1823. He died at Watertown, New York, 
April 10, 1844. 

Sterrett, Samuel. — He was a mem- 
ber of the House of Representatives 
of the United States, from Maryland, 
from 1791 to 1793; and died at Baltimore, 
July 12, 1833, aged seventy-seven years. 

Stetson, Charles.— Yi-Q was born in 

New Ipswich, New Hampshire, Novem- 
ber 7, 1801 ; was removed in 1802 to 
Hampden, Maine; graduated at Yale Col- 
lege in 1823; studied law, and practised 
the profession until 1833, when he re- 
moved to the City of Bangor. In 1834 he 
was appointed Judge of the Municipal 
Court of that city ; subsequently held the 
office of Clerk of all the Judicial Courts 
for the County of Penobscot; in 1845 he 
was elected a member of the Executive 
Council of the State, and re-elected three 
years in succession; and in 1848 he was 
elected a Representative from Maine to 
the Thirty-first Congress, serving on the 
Committee on Commerce. 

Stetson, Tjeniuel. — He was born in 
New York; bred to the law; served for 
three years in the Assembly of that State; 
and was a Representative in Congress, 
from 1843 to 1845, from the same State; 
was County Judge of Clinton County from 
1847 to 1851. 

Stevens, Aaron 1^.— Born in Derry, 

New Hampshire, August 9, 1819 ; educated 
at Pinkerton Academy ; studied law, and 
came to the bar iu 1845, locating at 
Nashua; in 1849 he was elected to the 
State Legislature, and re-elected; served 
five j'ears as a State Solicitor; in 1861 he 
entered the Volunteer anny as Major in 
the First N. H. Infantry; was promoted 
in 1862, and as a Colonel served thi'ough 
the war; was wounded at Fort Harrison 
in 1864, and for his gallantry was soon 
afterwards brevetted a Brigadier-Gen- 
eral ; and in 1867 he was elected a Repre- 
sentative from New Hampshire to the 
Fortieth Congress, serving on the Com- 
mittees on Union Prisoners, Revolution- 
ary Claims, and Naval Affairs. 

Stevens, Sestor L. — He was born in 
Lima, Livingston County, New York, in 
October, 1803 ; received a good English 
and classical education ; adopted the pro- 
fession of law ; was for several years con- 
nected with the press iu Rochester; and, 
having taken up his residence in Mich- 
igan, was elected a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1853 to 
1855. Died iu Georgetown, D. C, May 7, 
1864, 

Stevens, Isaac J.— He was born in 

North Audover, Massachusetts, in 1818; 



BIOaBAPHICAL BECOUDS. 



3G3 



gratliiatecl at the West Point Military 
Academy in 1839, and entered the Corps of 
Engineers, in wliicli service lie continued 
until 1853, when be was appointed Govern- 
or and Superintendent of Indian Affairs 
for the Territory of Washington. This 
oflice he resigned in 1857,haviug previously 
been elected a Delegate to Congress 
from Washington Territory, where he 
continued until the breaking out of the 
Kebellion in 1861. As an officer of the 
army, be was at the siege of Vera Cruz 
under General Scott; fought in several 
subsequent battles ; was severely wound- 
ed in the final assault upon the City of 
Mexico, and was twice brevetted for gal- 
lant services. He also served for a time 
as an assistant in the Coast Survey Office 
in Washington City. When Governor 
of Washington Territory, he travelled 
throughout its whole extent, and as Com- 
missioner made many treaties with the 
Indian tribes. In September, 1861, he 
was appointed a Brigadier-General in the 
Volunteer service, and was killed in bat- 
tle at Bull Kun, Virginia, in 1862. 

Stevens, James.— B.Q was born in 
Fairiield, Connecticut; served in Congress 
as a Eepreseutative, from that State, from 
1819 to 1821, voting with the South on 
the Missouri Compromise; and in 1822 
was appointed rt)Stmaster at Stamford; 
he died at that place iu April, 1835, aged 
sixty-seven years. 

Stevens, Thaddeus.— Born in Cal- 
edonia County, Vermont, April 4, 1793; 
graduated at Dartmouth College in 1814; 
during that year removed to Pennsylvania ; 
studied law and taught in an academy at 
the same time; in 1816 was admitted to 
the bar in Adams County; in 1833 was 
elected to the State Legislature, and also 
in 1834, 1835, 1837, and 1841; in 1836 was 
elected a member of the Convention to re- 
vise the State Constitution; in 1838 was 
appointed a Canal Commissioner; in 1842 
he removed to Lancaster; and in 1848 was 
elected a Representative, from Pennsyl- 
vania, to the Thirty-first Congress, also to 
the Thirty-second; and iu 1858 was re- 
elected to the TluL'ty-sixth Congress, and 
also to the Thirty-seventh, during which 
he was Chairman of the Committee on 
Ways and Means, having previously 
served on vai'ious important committees. 
In 1862 he was re-elected to the Thirty- 
eighth Congress, again serving as Chair- 
man of the Committee on Ways and 
Means, and also as Chairman of the Spec- 
ial Committee on the Pacific Railroad. 
He was also a Delegate to the " Baltimore 
Convention" of 1864. Re-elected to the 
Thirty-ninth Congress, serving as Chair- 
man of the Committee on Appropriations, 
as a member of the Committee on the 
Death of President Lincoln, and as Chair- 
man of the Committees on a Postal Kail- 
road to New York, on Reconstruction, 



and Free Schools in the District of Co- 
lumbia. He was a Delegate to the Phila- 
delphia "Loyalists' Convention" of 186G; 
aud was re-elected to the Fortieth Con- 
gress, serving on the Committee on the 
Niagara Ship Canal, and as Chairn)an of 
the Special Committee on Reconstruction. 
In 1867 he received from Middlebury Col- 
lege the degree of LL.D. He was also 
one of the Managers in the Impeachment 
Trial of President Andrew Johnson. 

Stevenson, Andrew. — He was a na- 
tive of Culpepper Countj^, Virginia, and 
entered public life in 1804 as a member of 
the State Legislature, where, for several 
sessions, he was elected Speaker of the 
House. He was a Representative iu Con- 
gress, from Virginia, from 1821 to 1834; 
and for the Twentieth, Twenty-first, and 
Twenty-second Congresses, from 1823 to 
1834, was Speaker. He was appointed 
Minister to Great Britain in 1836, and re- 
mained there till he was succeeded by Mr. 
Everett in 1841. After his return to 
America he devoted himself cliiefly to 
agricultural pursuits, and to the interests 
of the University of Virginia, of which 
institution he was Rector at the time of 
his death. As a friend and neighbor he 
was much beloved. He died at Bh-nheim, 
Albemarle County, Virginia, January 25, 
1857, aged seventy-three. 

Stevenson, John IF.— Born in Rich- 
mond, Virginia, and was the son of An- 
drew Stevenson; graduated at the Uni- 
versity of Virginia ; read law, and settled 
in Covington, Kentucky, in 1841, piactis- 
ing his profession with success ; was 
elected to the Kentucky Legislature in 
1845, 1846, and 1847; in 1849 he was 
elected to the " State Constitutional Con- 
vention," in which he took a leading part; 
he was a member of the Democraric Na- 
tional Conventions of 1848, 1352, and 
1856; he was twice a Senatorial Elector; 
and was one of three Commissioners ap- 
pointed to revise the Civil and Criminal 
Code of Kentucky; and was elected a 
Representative to the Thirty-fifch Con- 
gress from that State, and was a member 
of the Committee on Elections. Ha was 
also re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Con- 
gress, serving on the same committee. 
Me was also a Delegate to the Piiihidel- 
phia "National Union Convention" of 
1866, and in 1867 he was elected Lt. Gov- 
ernor of Kentucky, and acted as Gov- 
ernor. 

Stewart, Andrew.— Born in Fayette 
County, Pennsylvania, iu June, 1792. He 
studied law, and was admitted to the bar 
in 1815; was soon afterwards elected to 
the State Legislature, and served three 
years ; he was appointed, by President 
Monroe, District Attorney for Western 
Pennsylvania; and was a Representative 
in Congress from 1821 to 1829, from 1831 



SG4 



JBIOOEAPniCAL BEC0BD8, 



to 1835, and from 1843 to 1847. In Con- 
gress and out of it, he was ever a warm 
advocate of what is known as the " Amer- 
ican Protective System," and of late j'ears 
he has been devoted chiefly to the con- 
genial pursuits of agriculture, though 
paying some attention to the business of 
manufacturing. 

^Stewart, Archihald. — He was a 

Delegate, from New Jersey, to the Conti- 
nental Congress, in 178i and 1785, to fill a 
temporary vacancy. 

Steivart, David. — He was a lawyer 
by profession, and a Senator in Congress, 
from Maryland, from December 6, 1849, 
to January 12, 1850, by Executive appoint- 
ment, in place of Reverdy Johnson, I'e- 
signed. Died in Baltimore, Maryland, 
January G, 1858. 

Steivart, J'ames.—lle was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from North Caro- 
lina, during the yeai-s 1818 and 1819. 
Died in North Carolina in February, 1822, 
aged lifty-two years. 

Steivart, James A. — He was born 
in Dorchester County, Maryland, Novem- 
ber 24, 1808 ; received a good education, 
and studied law ; served in the State Leg- 
islature ; was a Judge of the Circuit Court 
of Maryland; and was elected a Repre- 
sentative, from Maryland, to the Thirty- 
fourth and Thirty-fifth Congresses, serv- 
ing as Chairman of the Committee on 
Patents. He was also elected to the 
Thirty-sixth Congress, serving on the 
same committee. 

Steivart, tTohn.. — He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Pennsylvania, 
from 1800 to 1801, for the unexpired terra 
of T. Hartley, and was re-elected to the 
Seventh and Eighth Congresses. 

Stewart, Jolin.—Boxn in Chatham, 
Conneciicut, in 1795; was by occupation 
a farmer; served many years in the Con- 
necticut Legislature ; was Judge oi Mid- 
dlesex County Court; and was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, froHi Connecticut, 
from 1843 to 1845. Died at Chatham, 
September IG, 18G0. 

Steivart, Thomas JEJ.— He was born 

in New York City, September 22, 1824; 
received a good education; studied law 
and came to the bar in 1845; in 1854 lie 
was elected Commissioner of Common 
Schools ; in 1SG4 and 18G5 he was elected 
a member of the State Assembly, and in 
18G6 he was elected a Representative from 
New York to the Fortieth Congress, serv- 
ing on the Committee on Naval Affairs. 

Stewart, WilUain. — He was born in 
the town of Mercer, Mercer County, Penn- 
sylvania, September 16, 1811; was edu- 



cated at Jefferson College, in that State j 
studied law, and was admitted to practice 
in 1835. He was a member of the State 
Senate of Pennsylvania for three years, 
and was elected a Representative, from 
that State, to the Thirty-flfth Congress, 
and re-elected to the Thirty-sixth, serving 
as a member of the Committees on Ex- 
penses in the War Department, and on 
Agriculture. 

Stewart, Williatn M. — Born in 
"Wayne County, New York, August 9, 
1827 ; removed with his father to Ohio in 
1635 ; left home in his thirteenth year, and 
prepared himself for college, chiefly id 
New York; entered Yale College iu 1848, 
where he remained eighteen months, and 
then left for the gold fields of California. 
He spent two years in the mining busi- 
ness ; in 1852 commenced reading law, and 
during that year was appointed District 
Attorney for the County of Nevada, and 
was subsequently elected to the sa\n© 
office ; in 1854, during the absence of the 
Attorney-General of California, he was 
appointed to perform the duties of that 
office; he next spent about eighteen 
months practising his profession in San 
Francisco; after that he did the same in 
Nevada City and Downleville; in 1860 ha 
removed to the then Territory of Utah 
(now Nevada) ; served in the Territorial 
Legislature in 1861; was also a member 
of the " Constitutional Convention " held in 
1863, and was elected a Senator iu Con- 
gress, from Nevada, for the term com- 
mencing in 1865 and ending in 1869, serv- 
ing on the Committees on the Judiciary, 
Public Lands, Pacittc Railroad, and Mines 
and Mining. In 1865 he received from 
Yale College the degree of Master of Arts, 

Stiles, tToJin D. — "Was born in Lu- 
zerne County, Pennsylvania, January 15, 
1823; received an academic education j 
studied law, and was admitted to the bar 
in 1844; in 1853 he was elected District" 
Attorney for Lehigh County, and held the 
office three years; he was a Delegate in 
1856 to the " National Convention" whicb 
nominated Mr. Buchanan for President, 
and was elected to the Thirty-seventh 
Congress, for the unexpired term of his 
friend, T. B. Cooper, deceased, serving 
on the Committee on Revolutionaiy 
Claims. In 1862 he was re-elected to the 
Thirty-eighth Congress, serving on the 
Committees on Expenditures in the State 
Department, and Revolutionary Claims. 
He was also a Delegate to the " Chicago 
Convention" of 1864, and to the Philadel- 
phia "National Union Convention" of 
1866. 

Stiles, Wllliatn H.—He was born in 
Savannah, Georgia; received a good edu- 
cation, and adopted the profession of law; 
in 1833 ho was elected Solicitor-General 
of the Eastern District of the State, which 



BIOGBAPIIICAL BECOUDS. 



3G5 



resigned iu 173G; he was a Representative 
in Cong-ress, from Georgia, from 1843 to 
1845; and by Prcsideut Tolli he was ap- 
pointed Charge d'Afl'aires to Au>tria, of 
■which conntry, after his return, he pub- 
lished a history. He served as a Colonel 
in the great Rebellion, and died at Savan- 
nah ou the 20ch day of December, 18G5. 

Stilwell, Thomas JV.— BorninStil- 
Tvell, Butler County, Ohio, August 2,9, 
1830; educated at Oxford and College 
Hill, Ohio; studied law in tliat State, and 
removed to Indiana iu 1852, when he was 
admitted to the bar; in 1855 he was elect- 
ed to the Legislature of Indiana; was 
subsequently engaged in the banking busi- 
ness ; served one year as an officer in the 
war for the Union; and in 1S64 was elect- 
ed a Representative from Indiana to the 
Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the 
Committees on Agriculture, and Invalid 
Pensions. In 1867 he was appointed, by 
President Johnson, Minister Resident to 
Venezuela. 

St. JoTin, Daniel 1?. — Born in 

Sharon, Litchfield County, Connecticut, 
Octobers, 1808; removed to NewYorlj; 
became a merchant's clerk, and then fol- 
lowed the mercantile business until 1847; 
in 1839 was elected to the State Legisla- 
ture; served four years as a member of 
the Board of Supervisors for Sullivan 
County; and was a Representative, from 
New York, to the Thirtieth Congress. 
Prom 184i) until 1855 he had charge of 
the Bank Department of New York, since 
•which tiuie lie has been devoted to agri- 
cultural pursuits in Newburg, New York. 

St. John, Henry. — He was born in 
New York, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from Ohio, from 1843 to 1847. 

St, Ilartin, Louis. — He was born 
in Louisiana, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1851 to 
1853. 

StocTcton, John J*.— Born in Prince- 
ton, New Jersey, August 2, 1825, his 
father and grandfather having both served 
intlie United States Senate, and his great- 
grandfather having been one of the signers 
of tlie Declaration of Independence. He 
graduated at Princeton College in 1843; 
studied law, was licensed to practise in 
1846, and came to the bar iu 1849. He 
was appointed by the Legislature of New 
Jersey to revise the laws of the State ; was 
for several years the Reporter in Chancery, 
and published three volumes, which bear 
his name; was appointed, by President 
Buchanan, in 1858, Minister Resident to 
Rome, but, ou the election of President 
Lincoln, asked to be recalled; since which 
time, until elected a Senator in Congress 
from New Jersey in 1865, for the term end- 
ing in 1871, he has been devoted to his 



profession. In the Senate he served on the 
Committee on Peusious. On the question 
of his right to the seat in the Senate there 
was a long debate, and he was admitted 
by the vote of 22 to 21, the deciding vote, 
owing to peculiar circumstances, having 
been cast by himself. The question, Iiovv- 
ever, was reconsidered, he withdrew his 
vote, and then by a vote of 22 to 21 he lost 
his seat Marcli 27, 1866. He was also a 
Delegate to the Philadelphia "National 
Union Convention" of 1866. 

Stockton, RlcJiard.—Tie was born in 
Princeton, New Jersey, October 1,1730; 
graduated at Princeton College in 1748; 
adopted the profession of law and became 
eminent; was appointed a Judge, both 
under the Provincial government and after 
the adoption of the Constitution ; he was a 
Delegate to the Continental Congress in 
1776 and 1777, and signed the Declaration 
of Independence. Died February 28, 1781. 
His son, bearing his name, a grandson, 
and great-grandson ""succeeded him as 
membei'S of the Federal Congress. 

Stoc7Uon,Itichard.— Born at Prince- 
ton, New Jersey, April 17, 1764, and grad- 
uated at Nassau Hall in 1779; on leaving 
college he studied law, and was admitted 
to practice at the age of twenty. In 1792 
and 1801 he was a Presidential Elector*. 
He was a Senator of the United States 
from 1796 to 1799, and a Representative in 
Congress from 1813 to 1815. la 1827 he 
was a Commissioner for settliu'j; the boun- 
dary line between New York and New 
Jersey. He was eminently distinguished 
for his talents, was an eloquent and pro- 
found lawyer, and during more than a 
quarter of a century was at the head of the 
bar in New Jersey. He died at Princeton, 
March 7, 1828. 

Stockton, Robert Field.— Tie was 

born at Princeton, New Jersey'', in 1795. 
Early in life he entered the United States 
Navy,and was actively engaged in some of 
the most important naval battles during 
the war of 1812. He commanded the Amer- 
ican squadron on the coast of Africa, and 
he was one of the founders of the Colony 
of Liberia. He was one of the first of our 
commanders to inti-oduce and apply steam 
to naval purposes, — the famous sloop-of- 
war Princeton having been built under his 
supervision. When war was declared with 
Mexico, he was placed in command of our 
fleet in the Pacific, and performed the duties 
of Commodore, General, and Governor, 
and the foundations of religion, education, 
and social progress were laid by his instru- 
mentality in many of those outposts of our 
Western world. Soon after his return from 
the Pacific, he resigned his commission in 
the navy, and devoted himself to the inter- 
nal improvement of his native State. lie 
was elected United States Senator for the 
term from 1S51 to 1857, but resigned in 



3G6 



SIOGBAPHICAL BECOBDS, 



1833, serving as a member of several im- 
portant committees. Tlie bill to abolish 
flogging in the navy was introduced by 
him. He was also elected a Delegate to 
the •' Peace Congress "in 1861. He was 
President of the Delaware and llaritan 
Canal Company from the time he left the 
Senate until his death, whicli occurred at 
Princeton, New Jersey, October 7, 1863. 

Stoddard, jEZ>ewe5;er.--Bornm West 
Woodstock, Connecticut, May 6, 1786, and 
graduated at Brown University in 1806; 
he was a lawyer by profession, and prac- 
tised extensively; had several years been 
a member of the State Legislature ; and 
was Lieutenant-Governor of the State for 
one year. He was a Representative in 
Congress from 1821 to 1825, and died at 
Woodstock, August, 1848. 

Stoddart, John T.—Bq graduated 
at Princeton College in 1810 ; was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Maryland, 
from 1833 to 1835,°auda member of the 
Committees on Claims, audtlie District of 
Columbia. 

SloJcelj/, Samuel. — He was born in 
Ohio; received a liberal education; adopt- 
ed the profession of law ; served in the 
State Legislature ; and was a Representa- 
tive in Congress, from Ohio, from 1841 to 
1S43, serving on two prominent commit- 
tees. 

Stolces, 3Iontf or d.— Bora in North 
Carolina in 1760; was for several years 
Clerk of the Superior Court, and subse- 
quently of the Senate; in which capacity 
he became so popular as to be elected to 
the United States Senate, which honor he 
declined. He was again elected in 1816 
to the same position and served until 1823. 
In 1826 he went into the General Assembly 
as Senator; in 182J into the Commons; 
also in 1830, when he was elected Gover- 
nor of the State. In 1831 he was appointed, 
by President Jackson, Indian Agent in 
Arliansas, where he died in 1842. 

StoJces, William B.—Ue was born 
in Chatham County, North Carolina, Sep- 
tember 9, 1814; received when young 
only a limited education; has devoted the 
most of his life to agricultural pursuits; 
served three sessions in the Legislature of 
Tennessee, twice as a Representative and 
once as a Senator; and was elected a 
Representative, from Tennessee, to the 
Thirty-sixth Congress, serving as a mem- 
ber of the Committee on Invalid Pensions. 
During the Rebellion of 1861 he served as 
a Colonel in the Union army. In 1865 he 
was re-elected a Representative, from Ten- 
nessee, to the Thirty-ninth Congress, but 
was not admitted to liis seat until near the 
close of the ftrst session of that Congress, 
when he was placed on the Committee on 
Elections. He was also a Delegate to the 



Philadelphia ''Loyalists' Convention" of 
1866. Re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, 
serving on the Committee on Claims. 

Stone, Alfred 2*.— He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Ohio, from 
1844 to 1845. By profession he was a mer- 
chant; at one time Treasurer of the State 
of Ohio; WiS appointed, by PresidentLia- 
coln, a Collector of Internal Revenue; 
and died, by taking poison, at Columbus, 
Ohio, August 2, 1865. 

Stone, David. — Born in Bertie Coun- 
ty, North Carolina, Pebruary 17, 1770; 
graduated at Princeton College, in 1788; 
studied law, and rose to a high position at 
the bar. He was four years in the State 
Legislature; Judge of the Supreme Court 
from 1705 to 1798; a Representative in 
Congress, from 1790 to 1801 ; a Senator in 
Congress, from 1801 to 1807; Governor of 
North Carolina in 1808 ; and served a sec- 
ond time as United States Senator from 
1813 to 1814, which position he resigned 
on account of disagreements witli his 
constituents. Died October 7, 1818. 

Stone, Frederick.— Re was born in 
Maryland, his grandfather, Thomas Stone, 
having been in tlie Continental Congress, 
and another ancestor, William Stone, 
Deputy Governor of Maryland, under 
Lord Baltimore. He was liberally educat- 
ed chiefly in Georgetown, D. C, and 
adopted the profession of law; in 1851 he 
was tendered the office of Deputy District 
Attorney for his County, but declined; in 
1852 he was appointed, by the Legislature, 
one of the Commissioners to revise and 
simplify the Rules of Reading and Prac- 
tice in the Courts of Maryland; in 1855 
and 1856 he was a member of the State 
Legislature; was a Delegate to tlie " State 
Constitutional Convention" of 1864, but 
declined to accept; and in 1866 he was 
elected a Representative, from Maryland, 
to the Fortieth Congress, serving on the 
Committees on Private Laud Claims and 
on Education and Labor. 

Stone, James. — Born in Kentucky, 
and was a Representative in Congress^ 
from that State, from 1843 to 1845. 

Stone, James IF. — Born in Ken- 
tucky, in 1813, and died October 13, 1854. 
He was a Representative in Congress from 
1843 to 1845, and again from 1851 to 1853. 

Stone, Michael.— Ee was born in 
Charles County, Maryland, about the year 
1750, and died in 1812. He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from his native State, 
from 1789 to 1791 ; and was subsequently, 
for many years, Judge of the Charles 
County Court. He was one of those who 
voted for locating the Seat of Government 
on the Potomac. 



BIOGBArniCAL BECOBDS. 



367 



stone, Thomas. — Boi-n at Pointon, 
Manor, Charles County, Maryland, in 1743 ; 
I'eccived a liberal education and adopted 
tlie profession of law; early joined the 
patriots of the Ruvoliition ; was a Delegate 
to the Continenttil ConiiTess from 1775 to 
1770, anfl in 1784 and 178o; was a signer 
of the Declaration of Independence ; in 
1778 he was chosen to tlie Maryland Leg- 
islature ; was a Delegate to the Conven- 
tion which framed the Federal Constitu- 
tion ; and died October 7, 1787. 

Stone, Williain. — He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Tennessee, 
from 1838 to 1839. 

Stover, JSellainy . — He was born in 
Portland, Maine, about the year 1798; 
graduated at Bowdoin College, from wliich 
he subsequently received the degree of 
LL.D. ; removed to Cincinnati, Ohio, when 
twenty-one years ot age; studied law, and 
practised the profession ; was a Represent- 
ative iu Congress, from Ohio, from 1835 to 
1837; was aPresidential Elector iu 1844 ; 
since which time he has served three terms 
as a Judge of the Superior Court in the 
District of Cincinnati. He is also a Pro- 
fessor iu the Cincinnati Law College. 

Storer, Clement. — He was born in 
17G0, and died at Portsmouth, New Hamp- 
shire, November 22, 1830. He was a 
United States Senator, from New Hamp- 
shire, from 1817 to 1819. 

Stones, Henri/ U. — Born in Middle- 
town, Connecticut, in 1787. Hi; graduated 
at Yale College in 1804; practised law 
some 3'ears at Utica, New York; and, dur- 
ing his resider,ce there, was a Representa- 
tive in Congress from 1819 to 1821, and 
from 1823 to 1831. He afterwards estab- 
lished himself in the City of New York, 
wliere he soon became a very eminent 
practitioner in his profession. He was 
possessed of extensive and various ac- 
quirements, uncommon powers of discrim- 
ination, great logical exactness, and a 
ready and powerful elocution; and, as a 
debater in Congress, ho stood conspicuous 
in the first rank. He died July 29, 1837, 
at New Haven. 

Storrs, William L, — He was born 
in Middletown, Connecticut, March 25, 
1795; graduated at Yale College in 1814; 
adopted tlie law as a profession; was a 
Eepresentative in Congress, from Con- 
necticut, from 1829 to 1833, and again 
from 1839 to 1840; was Judge of thc'Su- 
preme Court of Connecticut from 1840 to 
1856; and Chief Justice from 1856 until 
his death, which occurred at Hartford, 
June 25, 18G1. He was also Professor of 
Law in Yale College, in 1846 and 1847. 

Story, JosepJi,— Born in Marble- 
head, Massachusetts, September 18, 1779. 



He graduated at Harvard College in 1793 : 
studied law; was a member of t!ie State 
Legislature in 1805, and elected Speaker; 
and during the years 1808 and 1809 he 
was a Representative in Congress. In 
1811 he was appointed, by President Mad- 
ison, a Judge of the Supreme Court of the 
United States, which office he held until 
his death. He acquired a large fortune 
from his practice as a lawyer, and it is 
said that his income from the sale of his 
legal writings, which are numjrous and 
of the highest order, numbering twenty- 
seven voluuies, with thirty-four volumes 
of Decisions, has amounted to ten thou' 
sand dollars per annum. In 1830 he was 
appointed Dane Professor in the Law 
School of Harvard University, and subse- 
quently published his Commentaries on 
the Constitution of the United States. In 
early life he was a writer of poetry, and, 
in his later years, was considered, even 
in England, "tlie first of living writers 
on law." He received the degree of LL.D. 
from the Colleges of Harvard, Brown, 
and Dartmouth. He died in Cambridge, 
September 10, 1845. His Life was pub- 
lished by his son, W. W. Story, in 1851. 

Stout, Lansing. — Born in Paraelia, 
New York, March 27, 1828; I'eceived a 
limited education, and commenced active 
life by working on a farm and teaching 
school ; became a Superintendent of pub- 
lic schools, and studied law ; went to Cali- 
fornia in 1851, and in 185S was elected to 
the California Legislature; iu 1857 he 
went to Oregon, and turned his attention 
to the practice of law; in 1858 was elected 
Judge of Multnomah County ; and before 
tlie close of that year was elected a Repre- 
sentative from Oregon to the Thirty-sixth 
Congress, serving as a member of the 
Committee on Expenses in the Stale De- 
partment, and of the Special Comaiittee 
of Thirty-three on the Rebellious States. 

Stoiv, Silas. — He was a Representa- 
tive in Congress, from New York, from 
1811 to 1813. 

Slower, J'oJm G. — He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from New York, 
from 1827 to 1829, and was a State Sena- 
tor from Madison County iu 1833 and 
1834. 

Stranahan, J. S. T.— He was born 
in New York, and was a Representative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1855 to 
1857. 

Strange, Bobei^t.—Bovn in Virginia, 
September 20, 1796; educated at Hampden 
Sidney College ; studied law, and removed 
to North Carolina, where he took a high 
position in his profession; he served a 
number of j'-ears in the State Legislature; 
was elected in 1826 a Judge of the Supe- 
rior Court ; and held the office until he 



368 



BIOGBAPIIICAL BECOBBS. 



was elected a Senator of the United 
States, fi-oin 1836 to 1841, but resigned 
his seat in 1840, having received from his 
State instructions incouipatible with his 
ideas of duty. He was subsequently ap- 
pointed Solicitor for the Fifth Judicial 
District of tlie State, and, toward the 
close of his life, was wholly devoted to 
Ms profession. He was the author of 
a novel, printed for private circulation, 
entitled " Eoneguski; or, " The Cherokee 
Chief." He died in 1854. 

Stratton, Charles <7.— Born in New 
Jersey in i7UG; was an active politician; 
served a number of years In the State 
Legislature; and was a Eepresentative in 
Congress, from New Jersej'-, from 1837 to 
1831), and again from 1841 to 1843. He 
was also a member of the " Constitutional 
Convention" of 1844, and Governor of New 
Jersey from 1844 to 1848, after which he 
retired to his farm in Gloucester County, 
where he died, March 30, 1850. He was 
a candidate fjr election to the Twenty- 
sixth Congress, and, although he appeared 
with the broad seal of his State, he was 
not admitted. 

Stratton, J^o7in.~-lle was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Virginia, from 
1801 to 1803. 

Stratton, John Zi. JV.— Born in 
Mount Holly, New Jersey, in 1817 ; gradu- 
ated at Princeton College in 183G; studied 
law, and was admitted to the bar in 1839; 
and in 1858 he was elected a Representa- 
tive from New Jersey to the Thirty-sixth 
Congress, serving as a member of the 
Committee on Elections, and the Special 
Committee of Thirty-three on the Rebel- 
lious States. Re-elected to the Tliirty- 
seventh Congress, serving on the Commit- 
tee on Ways and Means, and on National 
Armories. He was also a Delegate to the 
Philadelphia " Loyalists' Convention " of 
18G6. 

Stratton, Nathan T.— Born in New 

Jersey, and was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from that State, from 1851 to 1855. 

Straub, Christian M. — Born in 
Pennsylvania, and was a Representative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1853 to 
1855. 

Street, Randall S.—Re was born 
in Catskill, New York, in 1780; and, after 
receiving a good education, studied law 
and settled in the practice of the profes- 
sion at Poughkeepsie. In 1810 he was 
appointed a District Attorney for the 
State, and reappointed in 1813, but soon 
afterwards, as Major and Lieutenant-Colo- 
nel, served in the array during the war 
with England. He was a Representative 
in Congress, from New York, from 1819 
to 1821, and occupied a high position as 



such ; he was also promoted to the rank 
of General of the Militia. In 1823 he re- 
moved to Monticello, in Sullivan County, 
where he continued to reside, in the prac- 
tice of his profession, until his death, 
which occurred in 1841. He was the 
father of the gifted poet Alfred B. Sti-eet, 
and a relation also of Augustus R. Street, 
who founded the Eiue Art Gallery of Yale 
College. 

Strohm, J'ohn.—Ee was born Octo- 
ber 16, 1793, in Lancaster County, Pennsyl- 
A'ania, in what is now Fulton Township; 
received a common-school education, 
and taught school for six years. la 
1831 he was elected a Representative in 
the Legislature of his native State, serv- 
ing three sessions in the House and eight 
in the Senate, and dui'ing one term as 
Speaker. He was a Representative in 
Congress from 1845 to 1847, and for a 
second term ending in 1849. He was also 
a Delegate to the Philadelphia '' Loyalists* 
Convention " of 1866. 

Strong, Caleb*— Born in Northamp- 
ton, Massachusetts, January, 1745, and 
graduated at Harvard College in 1764, la 
consequence of poor health he did not 
commence the practice of law for eight 
years afterwards. He spent his life at 
Northampton, where his paternal ances- 
tors had lived from the year 1G59. In 
1775 he was a member of the Committee 
of Safety; and in 1780 he was chosen one 
of the Council of Massachusetts. In 1779 
he assisted in forming the Constitution of 
that State ; and in 1787 he also assisted in 
forming the Constitution of the United 
States, but did not sign thac instrument. 
From 1789 to 1797 he was a Senator in 
Congress, and from 1800 to 1807 he was 
Governor of the State; also, froui 1812 to 
1816; and a Presidential Elector in 1809. 
Governor Strong was a man of unimpeach- 
able moral character, and he possessed a 
vigorous and well-cultivated mind. He 
died November 7, 1819. 

. Strong, J'ames.—Re was born in 
Windham, Connecticut, in 1783, and 
graduated at the University of Vermont 
in 1806; was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from New York, from 1819 to 1821 ; 
and again from 1823 to 1831. He died 
in Chester, New Jersey, August 8, 1847. 

Strong, Jedediah. — He Avas a Dele- 
gate, from Connecticut, to the Continental 
Congress, from 1782 to 1784. 

Strong, Selah B.—Rq was born in 
Brookhaven, Long Island, May 1, 1792; 
graduated at Yale College in 1811 ; studied 
law and was admitted to the bar in 1814; 
was at one time Attorney for Suffolk 
County; a Representative in Congress 
from 1843 to 1845 ; and was appointed, in 



BIOGSAPIIICAL BECOBDS. 



369 



1847, a Judge of the Supreme Court of 
New York. 

Strong, Solomon. — He was aEepre- 
seutative iu Coiiiiress, from Massachusetts 
from 1815 to 1819. He was also a mem- 
ber of the State Legislature in 1812, 1813, 
1843, and 1844 ; Judge of the Court of Com- 
mon Pleas from 1818 to 1842 ; and died Sep- 
tember 16, 1850, aged seventy-one years. 

Strong, Stephen, — He was born in 
Connecticut, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from New Yorls, from 1845 to 
1847. 

Strong, Theron 12.— He was born 

in Conuecti(;ut ; served in the Assembly 
of New York, from Wayne County, in 
1842 ; and was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from New York, from 1839 to 1841. 

Strong, William.— ILe was born in 
Windham County, Connecticut, and was 
a Representative in Congress, from Ver- 
mont, from 1811 to 1815, and again from 
1819 to 1821. He was also a Sheriff for 
eight 3'ears in Hartford County; Judge of 
the same County; and member of the 
State Legislature for eight years. 

Strong, Will iatn.— Born in Soraers, 
Tolland County, Connecticut, May 6, 
1808. Educated at Plainfleld Academy 
and at Yale College. After graduating, in 
1828, he taught school in Connecticut and 
in New Jersey, meanwhile studying law; 
was admitted to the bar in Philadelphia, 
in 1832, and soon after began to practise 
law in Reading, Berks County, Pennsylva- 
nia. He was elected, from Pennsylvania, 
to the Thirtieth and to the Thirty-llrst 
Congresses. Upon retiring from Con- 
gress he resumed his profession, and con- 
tinued in the practice until 1857, when he 
was elected a Judge of the Supreme Court 
of Pennsylvania for fifteen years. In 1867 
he received from Lafayette College the 
degree of LL.D. 

Str other, George F.—B.e was a na- 
tive of Culpepper County, Virginia, a law- 
yer by profession, and a Representative 
in Congress, from Virginia, from 1817 to 
1820, when he was appointed Receiver of 
Public Moneys at St. Louis, Missouri. 

Str other, James F. — He was born 
Jn Culpepper County, Virginia, September 
4, 1811 ; received a collegiate education, 
and adopted the profession of law. He 
served ten years in the Legislature of Vir- 
ginia, having occupied the chair of Speak- 
er during the sessions of 1847 and 1848. 
He was a member, in 1850, of the Con- 
vention which formed the present Consti- 
tution of the State ; and a Representative 
in Congress from 1851 to 1853. Died in 
Culpepper County, September 20, 1860. 
21 



Strouse, Myer. —Was born in Ger- 
many, December 16, 1825; came with his 
father to the United States in 1832, and 
settled in Pottsville, Pennsylvania; re- 
ceived an academic education and studied 
law; from 1848 to 1852 he edited a news- 
paper in Philadelphia called " The North 
American Farmer," after which he devoted 
himself to the practice of his profession ; 
and in 1862 he was elected a Represent- 
ative, from Pennsylvania, to the Thirty- 
eighth Congress, serving on the Commit- 
tee on Roads and Canals. Re-elected to 
the Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the 
Committees on Territories, Expenses in 
the Interior Department, and Mines and 
Mining. 

Strudwich, William JE.— He was 
a Representative in Congress, from Mary- 
land, from 1796 to 1797. 

Stuart, Alexander II. H. — He 

was born in Staunton, Virginia, April 2, 
1807; his early education was received at 
the Staunton Academy, and in 1824 he 
spent one session at William and Mary 
College ; he then commenced the study of 
law, which he finished at the University 
of Virginia, in 1828, and was admitted to 
practice in Stauntou in that year. His po- 
litical career began as a member of the 
"Young Men's Convention" iu Washing- 
ton, in 1832. In 1836 he was elected a 
member of the House of Delegates, of 
Virginia, from the County of Augusta, 
and was re-elected in 1837 and 1838. In 
1839 he declined a re-election, and pur- 
sued the practice of law. He took an 
active part in the canvass cf 1840 for 
President Harrison. In 1841 he was 
elected a Representative in Congress 
from Virginia, and served till 1843. In 
1844 he delivered the annual address be- 
fore the American Institute in New York 
City. He was Presidential Elector on the 
Clay ticket in 1844, having been, from 
the outset of life, a devoted .personal 
friend of that statesman. He was also a 
Presidential Elector in 1848. In 1850 he 
was invited, by President Fillmore, to fill 
the office of Secretary of the Interior, 
which he held until 1853, and then re- 
turned to his profession in Staunton. In 
1856 he was a member of the Convention 
which nominated Mr. Fillmore. In 1857 
was elected to the State Senate of Vir- 
ginia for four years, and devoted himself 
especially to the subject of internal im- 
provements. He was also a Delegate to 
the Philadelphia " National Union Con- 
vention" in 1866. 

Stuart, Andrew.— Born in Penn- 
sylvania; and was elected a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from Ohio, from 1853 
to 1855. 

Stuart, Archibald,— B^Q was bora 



370 



BIOGBAPHICAL BECOEDS. 



in Virginia, and elected a Representative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1837 
to 1839. 

Stuart, Charles IS.—Rq was born 
in Columbia County, New York, Novem- 
ber 25, 1810, and adopted tlie profession 
of law. He was a member of the Michi- 
gan Legislature in 1842; a Representative 
- in the Thirtieth and Thirty-second Con- 
gresses ; and was elected, in 1853, for six 
years, a Senator in Congi'ess, serving as 
Chairman of the Committee on Public 
Lands. He was also a Delegate to the 
Philadelphia " National Union Conven- 
tion " of 1866. 

Stuart, David. — He was born in 
New York, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from Michigan, from 1853 to 
1855. 

Stuart, John T. — Was born in Fay- 
ette County, Kentucky, November 10, 
1807; graduated at the Centre College, 
Danville, in 1826; and, having studied 
law, settled inHlinois, where he has since 
practised his profession. In 1832 and 
1834: he was a member of the Illinois Leg- 
islature ; he was elected a Representative, 
from Illinois, to the Twenty-sixth and 
Twenty-seventh Congresses, serving on 
the Committee on Territories. In 1848 
he was elected to the State Senate, serv- 
ing four years; and in 1862 he was 
re-elected a Representative to the Thirty- 
eighth Congress, serving on the Commit- 
tee on Foreign Affairs. 

Stuart, Philip. — He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Maryland, 
from 1811 to 1819. 

Sturgeon, Daniel.— Rq was a Sen- 
ator in Congress, from Pennsylvania, from 
1840 to 1851, serving on a great variety 
of committees. 

Sturgis, Jonathan. — Born at Fair- 
field, Connecticut, August 23, 1740; grad- 
uated at Yale College in 1759, and became 
a lawyer. In 1775 he was chosen a Del- 
egate to Congress ; he espoused and 
supported the cause of Independence, 
and was a Representative in Congress 
from 1789 to 1793, when he was appointed 
a Judge of the Supreme Court of Connect- 
icut, and continued in the office until 
1805. He was also a Presidential Elector 
in 1797 and 1805 ; and the degree of LL.D. 
was conferred upon him by Yale College. 
He died at Fairfield, October 4, 1819. 

Sturgis, Lewis Burr. — Born in 

Fairfield, Connecticut, in 1762, and grad- 
uated at Yale College in 1782. He was a 
Representative in Congress, from Connect- 
icut, from-1805 to 1817; and subsequent- 
ly emigrated to the State 6f Ohio. He 
died in Norwalk, Ohio, March 30, 1844. 



" Sullivan, George. — He was born in 
Durham, New Hampshire, in 1772; grad- 
uated at Harvard University in 1790, and 
commenced in early life the practice of 
law in Exeter, which he continued for 
more than forty years, and acquired a 
high reputation. He was a Representa- 
tive in the General Court in 1805 and 1813 ; 
a Representative in Congress in 1811 and 
1812; and a member of the State Senate 
in 1814 and 1815. He was twenty-one 
years Attorney-General of the State, 
which office he resigned in 1838. He died 
at Exeter, June 14, 1838, higlily esteemed 
for his talents and public usefulness. 

Sullivan, James. — Born in Ber- 
wick, Massachusetts (now Maine), April 
22, 1744; was educated by his father; he 
was a lawyer by profession; settled at 
Bedford, and was King's Attorney for the 
County of York. He took an active part 
on the side of his country during the Rev- 
olution. In 1775 he was a member of the 
Provincial Congress, and in 1776 was ap- 
pointed Judge of the Superior Court; was 
a Delegate to the Continental Congress in 
1782 ; a member of the Executive Council, 
and Judge of Probate. In 1790 was ap- 
pointed Attorney-General, which oflice he 
retained till 1807, when he was elected 
Governor of the State. He was the 
author of a " History of Maine ; " a " Dis- 
sertation on Banks, and on the Suability 
of States;" "History of Land Titles in 
Massachusetts;" a "Dissertation on the 
Constitutional Liberty of the Press ; " and 
a " History of the JPenobscot Indians." 
Died December 10, 1808. Had the title 
of LL.D. 

Sullivan, John, — Born in Massa- 
chusetts, February 17, 1740; and died in 
New Hampshire, January 23, 1795. He 
settled, as a lawyer, in that State; at- 
tained the rank of Major-General in the 
Revolutionary army ; was captured at the 
battle of Long Island, and commanded a 
division at Trenton, Braudyvvine, and 
Germantown, and also an expedition 
against the Indians. He was a Delegate^ 
from New Hampshire, to the Continental 
Congress, in 1774 and 1775, and again in 
1780 and 1781; three years President of 
New Hampshire ; and in 1789 he was ap- 
pointed a Judge of the District Court, 
which oflice he held until his death. 

Summers, George TF. — He was 
born in Fairfax County, Virginia, near 
Alexandria, but has lived from infancy in 
Kanawha County, in the western part of 
the State. He was educated for the legal 
profession, and came to the bar in 1827. 
In 1830 he was elected a member of the 
House of Delegates, and continued to 
represent Kanawha County in the Legis- 
lature for several years. He was elected 
to the House of Representatives in the 
spring of 1841, and re-elected in 1843, 



BIOGBAFHICAL BEC0BD8. 



371 



serving throughout the Twenty-seventh 
and Twenty-eighth Congresses. In 1850 lie 
was elected a member of the State Con- 
vention which framed the present Con- 
stitution of Virginia. In 1S51 he was 
unanimously nominated as the Whig 
candidate for Governor at the first elec- 
tion of the Governor by the people, that 
ofFicer having been previously cliosen by 
the Legislature, but was defeated. In 
May, 1852, he was elected Judge of the 
Eighteenth Judicial Circuit in Virginia, 
and, having served in that capacity for six 
years, he i-esigned his office July 1, 1858, 
there being two years of the term for 
which he had been elected unexpired. 
He has of late devoted himself to agri- 
culture and the practice of law, and was a 
Delegate to the "Peace Congress " of 1861. 

Sumner, Charles. — Was bora in 
Boston, Massachusetts, January 6, 1811 ; 
graduated at Harvard College In 1830; 
spent the three following years at the 
Cambridge Law School ; had the editorial 
charge for three years of the " Araerioan 
Jurist; " was admitted to the bar in 1834, 
and settled in Boston ; was subsequently 
the Reporter of the United States Circuit 
Court, and published three volumes, which 
now bear his name ; was for three wiuters 
a teacher at the Cambridge Law School; 
soon afcerwards edited "Dunlap's Trea- 
tise on Admiralty Practice ; " and about 
this time declined a Professorship ten- 
dered to him by his Alma Mater. In 1837 
he visited Europe, was received with 
marked attention in England, and re- 
mained abroad until 1840. During the 
years 1844-'46 he produced an edition of 
"Vesey's Reports," in twenty volumes; 
from that time onward he frequently ap- 
peared in public as a speaker on vari- 
ous philanthropic and literary subj^scts, 
and two volumes of his orations were 
published in 1850. In 1851 he was elected 
a Senator in Congress from Massachu- 
setts ; in 1856, for words uttered in debate 
on the subject of Slavery, he was as- 
saulted at his desk in the Senate Cham- 
ber, by Preston S. Brooks, a Represent- 
ative from South Carolina, from the effects 
of which his health suffured, and he again 
visited Europe, having been, just before 
his departure, re-elected for a second 
term to the Senate. In 1853 he published 
a work on " White Slavery in the Barbary 
States," and in 1856 a volume of " Speech- 
es and Addresses." In 1863 he was re- 
elected to the Senate for the third terra, 
ending in 1869, serving as Chairman of 
the Committee on Foreign Relations, and 
on several other important committees; 
and was also a member of the National 
Committee appointed to accompany the 
remains of President Lincoln to Illinois. 
He was also a Delegate to the Philadel- 
phia "Loyalists' Convention" of 186G. 

Sumter, Thom,as.—A distinguished 



soldier of the American Revolution ; was 
a citizen of South Carolina: and was 
promoted by Governor Rutlcdge, in 1780, 
from the office of Colonel to that of 
Brigadier-General. For his services he 
received the thanks of Congress, and the 
applause of his country. He was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from South Car- 
olina, from 1789 to 1793, and was one of 
those who voted for locating the Seat of 
Government on the Potomac; and in 1801 
he was elected a Senator iu Congress, 
serving until 1809, when he was appointed 
Minister to Brazil. He died suddenly, 
June 1, 1832, aged ninety-seven. 

Sutnter, Thom,as JD. — Bora iu 
Pennsylvania; and elected a Representa- 
tive in Congress, from South Carolina, 
from 1840 to 1843. 

Sutherland, Joel B,— He was a 

Representative in Congress, from Phila- 
delphia County, Pennsylvania, from 1827 
to 1837, and was Chairman of the Com- 
mittee on Commerce during the Twenty- 
fourth Congress. Died in Philadelphia, 
November 15, 1861. 

Sutherland, J'osiah, — He was boru 
in New York, and was elected a Repre- 
sentative to the Thirty-second Congress 
from that State. 

Swan, John. — He was a Delegate, 
from North Carolina, to the Continental 
Congress, from 1787 to 1788. 

Swan, Samuel.— Born in Somerset 
County, New Jersey, in 1771 ; was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from New Jersej', 
from 1821 to 1831 ; and died at Brunswick, 
New Jersey, August 24, 1844. 

SwanwicTc, John. — He was a' Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from Pennsyl- 
vania, from 1795 to 1798, having resigned 
before the expiration of his second term. 

Swarf, Peter. — He was a member of 
the New York Senate, from Schoharie 
County, from 1817 to 1820; and had been 
a Representative in Congress, from that 
State, from 1807 to 1809. 

Swearingen, Henry. — Born in 

Pennsylvania ; and was a Representative 
in Congress, from Ohio, from 1839 to 
1841. 

Swearingen, Thomas F".— He was 
born in Jefferson County, Virginia; and 
was elected a Representative in Congress, 
from that State, from 1819 to 1822, when 
he died in Virginia. 

Sweat, Lorenzo 2>. Jf.— Bora in 
Parsonsville, York County, Maine, May 26, 
1818; graduated at Bowdoin College ia 
1837, and at the Harvard Law School m 



372 



BIOGBAFBICAL BECOBDS. 



1840 ; during the next two years he prac- 
tised law ia New Orleans; in 1856 and 
1860 he was a City Solicitor ia Portland ; 
in 1862 a member of the State Senate ; and 
was elected a Representative, from Maine, 
to the Thirty-eighth Congress, serving on 
the Committee on Private Land Claims. 
He was also a Delegate to the Phila- 
delphia " National Union Couveijtion " of 
1866. 

Sweeny, George,— Born in Pennsyl- 
vania; and was a Kepresentative in Con- 
gress, from Ohio, from 1839 to 1843. 

Sweetser, Charles. — Born in Ver- 
mont; and was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from Ohio, from 1849 to 1853. 

Swift, Benjatnin.—^Q was born in 
Amenia, New York, April 5, 1781 ; he re- 
ceived an academic education; studied 
law, and was admitted to practice at Ben- 
niagton in 1808 ; he was settled for a time 
in Manchester, and subsequently in St. 
Albans, where he rose to eminence in his 
profession. In 1813 and 1814, 1825 and 
1826, he was a Representative to the Gen- 
eral Assembly ; and was a Representative 
in Congress, from Vermont, from 1827 to 
1831. He received the degree of A.M. 
from Middlebury College in 1820, and was 
a member of the Coporatiou of that insti- 
tution from 1830 to 1839. In 1833 he was 
elected to the Senate of the United States 
for six years, after which he retired to 
private life. While in a^ipareut good 
health he died suddenly, in an open held 
on his farm, November 11, 1847. 

Swift, Zephaniah. — He was born in 
Wareham, Massachusetts, in 1759 ; grad- 
uated at Yale College in 1778, and estab- 
lished himself as a lawyer at Windham, 
Connecticut, where his superior talents 
gi ined him a lucrative practice in his pro- 
fession. He was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from Connecticut, from 1793 to 
1797 ; and in 1800 was Secretary to Ells- 
worth, Davie, and Murray, in their mis- 
sion to France. Soon after his return he 
was placed on the bench of the Superior 
Court of the State, where he continued 
eighteen years, during the last five of 
which he was Chief Justice. He was 
afterwai'ds a member of the State Legis- 
lature, and was one of the Committee to 
revise the Statute Laws of the State. He 
was also a Delegate to the " Hartford Con- 
vention." He published several works; 
among them was a " Digest of the Laws 
of Connecticut, on the model of Black- 
stone." He died at Warren, Ohio, Sep- 
tember 27, 1823. 

Swoope, tTacob. — He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Virginia, 
from 1809 to 1811. 

Swoope, Samuel J*.— He was born 



in Kentucky, and was a Representative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1855 to 
1857. 

Sj/kes, George.— Tie was born in 
New Jersey, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1843 to 
1847". 

SgTces, tTames.—Ha was a Delegate, 
fro in Delaware, to the Continental Con- 
gress, from 1777 to 1778. 

Symmes, JoTin C — He was a Dele- 
gate, from New Jersey, to the Continental 
Congress, in 1785 and 1786. 

Taber, Stephen. — He was born in 
Dover, Duchess County, New York (his 
father, Thomas Taber, having also served 
in Congress) ; received a good academical 
education; in 1839 he settled in Queen's 
County, on Long Island, and was engaged 
in the pursuit "of farming; in 1860 and 
1861 he was elected to the State Legisla- 
ture ; and in 1864 he was elected a Repre- 
sentative, from New York, to the Thirty- 
ninth Congress, serving on the Committee 
on Public Lands. Re-elected to the For- 
tieth Congress, serving on the Committee 
on Public Expenditures. 

Taber f TJiomas. — He was born in 

New York, May 19, 1785; was devoted to 
agricultural pursuits; a member of the 
New York Legislature in 1826; a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from New York, 
from 1827 to 1829; and died March 21, 
1862. 

Taffe, John, — Born in Indianapolis, 
Indiana, January 30, 1827; received a 
classical education, and adopfed t'le pro- 
fession of law ; after a brief residence ia 
Illinois, he removed to Nebraska Terri- 
tory, in 1856 ; was elected to the Territo- 
rial Legislature in 1858 and 1859, in 1860 
he was elected to the Council, and in the 
winter of 1861 was made President of that 
body ; in 1862 he raised a regiment of Cav- 
alry for service against the Indians, and 
was made a Major, in which capacity he 
fought at the battle of White Stone Hills 
in 1863 ; and in 1866 he was elected a Rep- 
resentative from the new State of Ne- 
braska to the Fortieth Congress, serving 
on the Committees on Territories, and 
Indian Affairs. 

Taggart, Samuel.— Born in Lon- 
donderry, Massachusetts, and graduated 
at Dartmouth in 1774; he studied for the 
ministry, and settled in Coleraine in 1777. 
He was elected a Representative in Con- 
gress, from Massachusetts, serving from 
1803 to 1817 ; and died in 1825, aged seven- 
ty-one years. 

Tait, C^arZes.— He was born in Lou- 
isa County, Virginia, but removed at an 



BIOGRAPHICAL BECOBDS. 



373 



early age to Georgia. He was for several 
years a Judge of the Superior Court of 
Georgia; aud a Senator in Congress, from 
that State, from 1809 to 1819. He distin- 
guished himself as a supporter of the ad- 
niinistratioa of Madison and Monroe. In 

1819 he removed to Alabama, and was ap- 
pointed a Judge of the District Court, 
when tirst established in that State, wliich 
ofBce lie resigned in 1826. He died in 
Wilcox County, Alabama, October 7, 1835, 
in the sixty-eighth year of his age. 

Talbot, Isham. — He was born in 
Bedford County, Virginia, in 1773; re- 
ceived a good education; studied law, and 
practised with success ; he was a member 
of the Kentucky Senate from 1812 to 1815 ; 
from 1815 to 1819 a member of the United 
States Senate, and for a second term, from 

1820 to 1825. He died near Frankfort, 
September 27, 1837. 

Talbot, Silas.— Tie was a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from New York, from 
1793 to 1794, when he was appointed, by 
President Washington, Captain in the 
navy, having previously served a number 
of years in the State Assembly from Mont- 
gomery County. 

Talbott, Albert 6?.— He was born in 
Kentucky ; and was elected a Representa- 
tive, from that State, to the Thirty-fourth 
and Thirty-fifth Congresses, and was 
Chairman of the Committee on Expendi- 
tures in the War Department, and a mem- 
ber of that on Roads and Canals. 

Taliaferro, Benjamin,— Yie was a 

Representative in Congress, from Georgia, 
from 1799 to 1802. Died September 3, 
1821. 

Taliaferro, tTohn.—Tle was born in 
Spottsylvania County, Virginia, in 17G8; 
was a Representative in Congress, from 
that State, from 1801 to 1803, from 1811 
to 1813, from 182-1 to 1831, and from 1835 
to 1843. In 1805 and 1821 he was also a 
Presidential Elector. For three years be- 
fore his death he was Librarian of the 
Treasury Department in Washington. 
He died at his residence in Virginia, Au- 
gust 18, 1853. 

Tallmadge, Benjamin,— lie was 

born in Suflfoik County, New York, Feb- 
ruary 25, 1754. His military services were 
very valuable; he acted a prominent part 
in the capture of Andre ; planned and con- 
ducted the expedition in 1780 which re- 
sulted in the capture of Fort George and 
the destruction of the British stores on 
Long Island ; and was a member of Wash- 
ington's military family. After the war, 
having attained the rank of General, he 
engaged in mercantile pursuits, and ac- 
quired a large property, lie was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from Connecti- 



cut, from 1801 to 1817. He was respected 
for his public services and private char- 
acter, and died in Litchfield, Connecticut, 
March 6, 1835. 

Tallmadge, Frederick ^, — He 

was born in Litchfield, Connecticut, Au- 
gust 29, 1792; graduated at Yale College 
in 1811; and, having studied law, settled 
in practice in New York in 1814. In 1836 
he was elected an Alderman of the city, 
and also a State Senator; was, subse- 
quently, five years Recorder of the city; 
a Representative from New York, in the 
Thirtieth Congress; was again Recorder 
for three vears; and in 1857 was appointed 
General Superintendent of the Metropoli- 
tan Police, and was subsequently appoint- 
ed Clerk of the Court of Appeals. 

Talltnadge, Jr., James.— ^e was 

born in Stanfoixl, Duchess County, New 
York, January 23, 1788 ; graduated at 
Brown University in 1798; and was by 
profession a lawyer. He was early in life 
Private Secretary to Governor Clinton, 
and during the war of 1812 commanded a 
portion of the force detailed for the de- 
fence of New York City. From 1817 to 
1819 he was a Representative in Congress 
from New York, and declined a re-elec- 
tion; he was a member of theConventioa 
which framed the Constitution of the 
State; and in 1823 was elected to the As- 
sembly from Duchess County. From 
1825 to 1828 he was Lieutenant-Governor, 
under Clinton, and in 1846 a member of 
the " Constitutional Convention" of New 
York. For the last twenty years of his 
life he was President of the American In- 
stitute in New York. He visited Europe, 
and benefited the United States by his in- 
troduction of a knowledge of American 
niachinei'v into Russia, and induced that 
government to adopt it in their manufac- 
ture of cotton goods. He was one of the 
founders of the University of New York, 
and was President of the Council. He 
was honored with the degree of LL.D. 
from that institution. He died suddenly 
in New York City, September 29, 1853. 

Tallmadge, Nathaniel JP. — He 

was born in Chatham, Columbia County, 
New York, February 8, 1795 ; graduated at 
Union College; studied law, aud was ad- 
mitted to the bar in 1818; was a member 
of the Assembly of New York in 1828; 
of the State Senate from 1830 to 1833; a 
Senator in Congress, from New York, 
from 1833 to 1844; and was subsequently 
appointed, by President Tyler, Territorial 
Governor of Wisconsin, where he resided, 
devoted to his profession. Died at Battle 
Creek, Michigan, November 2, 1864. 

Tallman, JPeleg.—He was born at 
Tiverton, Rhode Island, in 1764; in 1778, 
at the age of fourteen, he entered into the 
privateering service for employment; iu 



374 



BIOGBAPHICAL BEGOBDS. 



1780 he had his left arm shot off; and in 

1781 he was taken prisoner, and was con- 
fined in Ireland and England until the 
peace in 1783. He soon afterwards be- 
came commander of a merchant vessel, 
and, after following a seafaring life for 
many years, he devoted himself to the 
business of a merchant, and acquired a 
large fortune. He was a Representative 
in Congress, from Massachusetts, from 
1811 to 1813, and died at Bath, Maine, 
March 8, 1841. 

Tannehillf Adamson.—E.e was a 

Kepresentative in Congress, from Penn- 
sylvania, from 1813 to 1815. Died De- 
cember 23, 1820. 

Tappan, Benjainin, — Born at 

Northampton, Massachusetts, May 25, 
1773 ; was taught the business of copper- 
plate engraving and printing; devoted 
some attention to portrait-painting; and 
subsequently studied and adopted the pro- 
fession of law. In 1799 he emigrated to 
Ohio, and was one of the earliest settlers 
there; in 1803 was elected to the Legis- 
lature of the New State ; he served in the 
war of 1812 as Aide-de-camp to General 
Wadsworth; was for seven years Presi- 
dent Judge of the Fifth Ohio Circuit; in 
1833 he was appointed, by President Jack- 
son, United States Judge for the District 
of Ohio ; and he was a Senator in Con- 
gress, from Ohio, from 1839 to 1845, serv- 
ing as Chairman of the Committee on the 
Library. He was also a Presidential 
Elector in 1833. He died at Steubenville, 
Ohio, April 12, 1857. 

Tappan, Mason TF.— BorninNew- 
poit, Sullivan County, New Hampshire ; 
fitted for college, and studied law as a 
profession ; he was a member of the State 
Legislature in 1853, 1854, and 1855 ; and 
a Kepresentative, from New Hampshire, 
in the Thirty-fourth Congress, and re- 
elected to the Thirty-fifth and Thirty-sixth, 
serving as a member of the Committee on 
the Judiciary, and in the last Congress as 
Chairman of the Committee on Claims, and 
as a member of the Special Committee of 
Thirty- three on the Rebellious States. He 
■was also a Delegate to the Philadelphia 
"Loyalists' Convention" of 1866. 

Tarr, Christian.— TLq was born in 
Baltimore, Maryland, and was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Pennsylva- 
nia, from 1817 to 1819, and againfrom 1820, 
to 1821. 

Tate, 3Iagnus.—He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from North Caro- 
lina, from 1815 to"l817. 

Tatnall, Edtvard F. — He was born 
in Savannah, <jeorgia, and was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Georgia, from 
1821 to 1827. 



Tatnall, J'osiah. — He was born at 
Bonaventure, near Savannah, and died in 
the West Indies in 1804. His boyhood 
was full of adventure, and at the age of 
eighteen he joined the army of General 
Wayne, at Ebenezer. In 1793 he was ap- 
pointed Colonel of a Georgia Regiment, 
and in 1800 a Brigadier-Genei'al, partici- 
pating extensively in the military affiiirs 
of the State, and serving occasionally in 
the Legislature. He also served, in 1796, 
at Louisville, in the General Assembly 
that rescinded the Yazoo Act of 1795, and 
was a Senator in Congress, from Georgia, 
from 1796 to 1799. 

Tatum, Absalom,— A. Representa- 
tive in Congress, from North Carolina, 
during the years 1795 and 1796. 

Taul, Micah. — He was a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from Kentucky, from 
1815 to 1817. 

Taylor, As7ier.—Jie was a Repre- 
sentative, from New York, to the Twenty- 
eighth Congress. 

Taylor, Caleb If. — He was born in 
Sunbiiry, Bucks County, Pennsylvania, in 
1819 ; from early boyhood he became en- 
gaged in agricultural pursuits, to which 
he has ever since been devoted, and in 
whicli he has been eminently successful. 
Though never taking an active part in 
politics, he has served on many occasions 
as a Presidential Elector; been a Delegate 
to various local Conventions ; was a Del- 
egate to the "Chicago Convention" of 
18G0 ; and in 18G6 he' was elected a Rep- 
resentative, from Pennsylvania, to the 
Fortieth Congress, serving on the Com- 
mittees on Territories, and Expenses in 
the Treasury Department. 

Taylor, George. — Born in Ireland in 

1716; left his father's house clandestinely 
and came to Philadelphia, where, as a day 
laborer, he obtained the money to pay his 
passage across the Atlantic ; soon became 
a clerk with the man who had advanced 
him money ; and in after j'ears married the 
widow of his benefactor. In 1764 he was 
elected to the Provincial Assembly at Phil- 
adelphia, serving six years ; he was re- 
elected to the Assembly in 1775 ; was a 
Delegate to the Continental Congress in 
1776 and 1777, and was a signer of the 
Declaration of Independence ; and spent 
the remaindbr of his life in retirement. 
He died at Easton, Pennsylvania, Februa- 
ry 23, 1781. 

Taylor, George.— lie was born in 
Wheeling, Virginia, October 19, 1820, and, 
after receiving a liberal education, turned 
his attention to the study of medicine, but 
subsequently adopted the profession of 
law ; he was admitted to the bar in 1840, 
and removed to Indiana, where he was 



BIOGBAPHICAL BECOUDS. 



375 



successful as a special pleader. In 1844 
lie removed to Alabama, and there prac- 
tised Ids profession for four years, after 
which he removed to New Yorl?. In 1856 
he was elected a Representative to the 
Thirtj^-flfth Congress, and was a member 
of the Committees on Revolutionary 
Claims and on the cost of Public Build- 
ings. As an author, writing upon topics 
comiected with the natural sciences, he 
has beeu successful. A work published 
in 1851, and entitled "Indications of the 
Creator," has passed through four edi- 
tions, and been highly applauded by the 
critics of England and France. He has 
also Avritten much in behalf of popular 
education, and his collected addresses 
and lectures make quite a large and inter- 
esting volume. 

Taylor, John. — He was born in Or- 
ange County, Virginia ; was distinguished 
for his attention to agriculture, and pub- 
lished a work entitled " Constructor Con- 
strued: an Inquiry into the Principles and 
Policy of the Government of the United 
States ; " and was a Senator of the United 
States, from Virginia, from 1792 to 1794, 
but was superseded by A. B. Venable; 
also in 1803, and from 1822 to 1824. He 
died in Caroline County, Virginia, August 
20, 1824, at an advanced age. 

Taylor, John. —Born in South Car- 
olina in 1770; graduated at Princeton 
College in 1700 ; studied law, and Avas 
admitted to the bar in 1793, but turned 
Lis attention chiefly to planting ; served 
in the State Legislature a number of years ; 
was a Presidential Elector in 1797; was a 
Representative in Congress, from South 
Carolina, from 1807 to 1809, and also from 
1817 to 1821 ; was a Senator in Congress 
from 1810 to 1816 ; was a Trustee of the 
South Carolina College in 1806; a State 
Senator in 1810 and 1822; Governor of 
the State from 1826 to 1828 ; and died in 
1832. He was also at one time Receiver 
of Public Moneys in Mississippi Terri- 
tory. 

Taylor, John J, — He was born in 

Massachusetts, and, having settled in New 
York, was elected a Representative iu 
Congress, from that State, from 1853 to 
1855. 

Taylor, John £.— Born in Stafford 
County, Virginia, March 7, 1805; was 
educated in the common schools and sem- 
inaries of the neighborhood; studied law 
in Washington City, and was admitted to 
the bar in 1828; settled in Chillicothe, 
Ohio, in 1829; he was for six years Major- 
General of the Ohio Militia; and he was a 
Representative in Congress, from Ohio, 
from 1847 to 1855, serving from time to 
time on important committees. 

Taylor, John TF.— Born iu Saratoga 



County, New York, in 1784, and graduated 
at Union College in 1803. He studied 
law in Albany ; was elected to the State 
Legislature iu 181 1, and while in that 
body Avas elected to Congress, where he 
served from 1813 to 1833. He was Speak- 
er of the House for the second session 
of the Sixteenth Congress, during the 
passage of the Missouri Compromise, and 
was also Speaker of the Nineteenth Con- 
gress. He was a State Senator in 1841 and 

1842, and removed to Cleveland, Ohio, iu 

1843, where he died in September, 1854. He 
was for many years a leading and promi- 
nent statesman of New York, and was 
esteemed for his personal virtues and lib- 
eral hospitality. 

Taylor, Jonathan.— E.Q was a na- 
tive of Connecticut, and, having removed 
to Ohio, was elected a Representative in 
Congress, from thab State, from 1839 to 
1841. 

Taylor, Bllles. — He was born in 
New York, and, having taken up his resi- 
dence in Louisiana, was elected a Repre- 
sentative, from that State, to the Thirty- 
fourth, Thirty-flfch, and Thirty-sixth 
Congresses, and he was a member of the 
Committee on Claims, and on the Judi- 
ciary, and a member of the Special Com- 
mittee of Thirty-three on the Rebellious 
States ; withdrew in February, 1861. 

Taylor, Nathaniel G. — Born in 
Carter County, Tennessee, December 29, 
1819; studied at Washington College in 
that State, but graduated at Princeton 
College in 1840; studied law, and was ad- 
mitted to the bar in 1843 ; and was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from Tennessee, 
from 1854 to 1S55, as the successor of 
Brookins Campbell. He was also a Presi- 
dential Elector in 1853 aud 1860, and was 
for several j-ears a minister iu the Metho- 
dist Episcopal Church South. In 1865 he 
was re-elected a Representative, from 
Tennessee, to the Tiiirty-ninth congress, 
but was not admitted to his seat until near 
the end of the first session of that Con- 
gress, serving on two or three Commit- 
tees. In March, 1867, he was appointed, 
by President Johnson, Commissioner of 
Indian Affairs. 

Taylor, Nelson. — Born in South 
Norwalk, Connecticut, June 8, 1821 ; re- 
ceived a common-school education, and 
adopted the profession of law ; as Captain 
in the First Regiment New York Voluu- 
tecrs, he foughtlthrough the Mexican war ; 
was elected hi 1849 to" the State Senate of 
California; was President of the Board 
of Trustees of the California Hospital 
(which subsequently became the State 
Insane Asvlum), from 1850 to 1856; was 
Sherifl'of San Joaquin County, California, 
in 1853; in 1861 he was nuisfcered into 
military service as Colonel of the Seventy- 



376 



BIOGBArniCAL BECOBDS. 



second Regiment of New York Volun- 
teers; promoted to the rank of Brigadier- 
General in 18(j2, and in 18G4 was elected a 
Eepresentative, from New York, to the 
Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the 
Select Committee on Freedmen, and that 
on Invalid Pensions. 

Taylor, Robert. — He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Virginia, his 
native State, from 1825 to 1827. 

Taylor, Waller. — He was a Senator 
in Congress, from Indiana, from 1816 to 
1825, and died in Lunenburg County, Vir- 
ginia, August 26, 1826. He held offices 
of trust in the Territory of Indiana, served 
as Aide-de-camp to General Harrison at 
the battle of Tippecanoe, and was a man 
of high literary attaiuraents. 

Taylor, William.— 'Kq was born in 
Connecticut in 1793; removed with his 
parents to Onondaga County, New York, 
when quite 3'oung; I'eceived a common- 
school education; was a member in 1812 
of a Medical Society, and at one time 
President of the New York Medical Soci- 
ety, and was a practising ph3'sician for 
fifty years. He was for many years Presi- 
dent of the Board of Supervisors for the 
State ; a member of the State Legislature 
in 1811 and 1812, in 1852 and 1853, in the 
two latter years representing New York 
City; and he was a Representative in 
Congress, from New York, from 1833 to 
1839. Died at Manlius, Onondago County, 
September 6, 1865. 

Taylor, William. — He was born in 
Virginia, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1833 to 
1835. 

Taylor, William,, — Born in Alexan- 
dria, District of Columbia; adopted the 
profession of law, which he practiced in 
Rockingham County; was elected a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from Virginia, 
from 1813 to: 1846, having died before the 
expiration of his second term, in Wash- 
ington City, January 17, 1846. 

Tazewell, Henry.— Ke was a Sena- 
tor in Congress, from Virginia, from 1794 
to 1799, and President pro tern, of the Sen- 
ate during a part of the Third Congress. 
He died January 24, 1799, in Washington. 

Tazewell, Littleton W. — Born in 

Williamsburg, Virginia, in 1774; educated 
at William and Mary College; studied 
law, and attained great success in his pi'o- 
fession; was a member of the Virginia 
Legislature in 1798 ; a Representative in 
Congress, from Virginia, from 1799 to 
1801 ; a Senator in Congress, from 1824 to 
1832; and Governor of Virginia, from 
1834 to 1836. In the Senate he was Chair- 
man of the Committee on Foreiga Rela- 



tions, and President j9ro tern, of that body 
during a part of the Twenty-second Con- 
gress. In 1820 he was one of the Com- 
missioners under the Florida Treaty, and 
his last great effort as a lawyer was made 
in the Supreme Conrt of the United 
States, in what was known as the " Cochi- 
neal Case." He died at Norfolk, Virginia, 
May 6, 1860. 

Telfair, Edward. — He was a Dele- 
gate, from Georgia, to the Continental 
Congress, from 1777 to 1779, and again 
from 1780 to 1783, and he was also one of 
the signers of the Articles of Confedera- 
tion. 

Telfair, Thomas. — He was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from Georgia, 
from 1813 to 1817. Died at Savannah, 
Georgia, in April, 1818; was a graduate 
of Princeton College in 1805. 

Teller, Isaac. — He was born in New 
York, in 1798; and was elected a Repre- 
sentative from that State to the Thirty- 
third Congress, for the unexpireiltorm of 
Gilbert Dean, resigned. Died at Mattea- 
wan. New York, April 30, 1868. He was 
riding in a wagon at the time, and died 
while holding the reins. He retained his 
sitting posture, and the horse that ho was 
driving continued quietly on his way for 
over an hour, as it was snppased, after 
death had ensued, when his condition was 
observed, and the horse was stopped. 

Temple, William. — Born in Queen 

Anne County, Maryland, February 28, 
1815 ; received a good academic education, 
and adopted the occupation of a mercliant 
in Smyrna, Delaware. In 1844 he was 
elected to the State Legislature, and was 
Speaker of the House; and, the Governor 
of the State and President of the Senate 
having died, he became acting Governor 
for the balance of the term. During the 
next ten years he was a member of the 
State Senate, and declined a re-election in 
1854; and he was elected a Representa- 
tive, from Delaware, to the Thirty-eighth 
Congress, but died, before taking his seat, 
at Smyrna, Delaware, in the summer of 
1863. 

Ten EycTc, Egbert. — He was born 
in Rensselaer County, New York, April 
18, 1779; graduated at Williams College; 
studied law in Albany ; was a member of 
the Assembly in 1812 and 1813, and Speak- 
er; member also of the "Constitutional 
Convention" of 1822 ; and a Representative 
iu Congress, from New York, from 1823 
to 1825. He also held the offices of Judge 
of the Jefferson County Court, and Presi- 
dent of a County Agricultural Society. 
He died at Watertown, New York, April 
11, 1844. 

Ten Eyck, John C— Born in Free- 



BIOOBAPHIOAL BECOBDS. 



'677 



hold, New Jersey, March 12, 1814; ob- 
tained a classical education under private 
tutors; studied law, and was admitted to 
the bar in 1835. In 1839 he was appointed 
Prosecutor of the Pleas for Burlington 
Count3', holding :he position for tea years ; 
he wasamemberof the New Jersey " Con- 
stitutional Convention" of 1844; and was 
elected a Senator in Congress for tlie terra 
commencing in 1859, and ending in 1865, 
serving on the Committees on Commerce, 
and the Judiciary. He was also a Dele- 
gate to the Philadelphia " Loyalists Con- 
vention" of 1866. 

Tenney, Samuel. — Was born in By- 

fleld Parish, Newbury, Massachusetts; 
and, having received a collegiate educa- 
tion at Harvard University, graduating in 
1772, commenced the study of medicine. 
"When the Revolutionary war began, he 
■was found among the asserters of his 
country's riglits, and was present at the 
battle of Bunker's Hill, where he was em- 
ployed in attending upon the wounded. 
g,He served during the whole war, and was 
attached to the llhode Island line of the 
Provincial army. At the close of the war 
he retired from his profession, and settled 
at Exeter, New Hampshire. For many 
years he was Judge of Probate ; and in 
1800 was elected a Representative from 
that State in the Congress of the United 
States, in the place of W. Gordon, re- 
signed, serv'ing until 1807. His death, 
which occurred in 1816, was universally 
regretted. An ardent lover of his coun- 
try, a faithful expounder of her laws and 
institutions, and an elegant scholar, his 
memory is still fondly cherished by many 
who knew him. 

Terr ill, William. — Hq was fre- 
quently a member of the Georgia Legisla- 
ture, and was a Representative in Con- 
gress, fi-om that State, from 1817 to 1821. 
Becoming tired of p;)litics, he took great 
interest in the promotion of agricultural 
science, and in 1853 he made a donation 
of twenty tliousand dollars for the estab- 
lishment of an agricultural professorship in 
the University of Georgia, which professor- 
ship bears his name. He was one of the 
most accomplished and useful citizens of 
his State, and died at Sparta, Georgia, 
July 4, 1855. 

Terrify Nathaniel.— 'Born in Enfleld, 
Connecticut, in 1768, and graduated at 
Yale College in 1786. He resided in Hart- 
ford, Connecticut, and held various offices 
in his native State; from 1817 to 1819 was 
a Representative in Congress, and died in 
New Haven, June 14, 1844. 

Test, John. — He was a native of 
Salem, New Jersey, and emigrated to 
Indiana; was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from that State, from 1823 to 1827, 
and from 1829 to 1831. He was presiding 



judge of one of the Circuit Courts of In- 
diana; and afterwards removed to Mobile, 
Alabama, where he gained a high reputa- 
tion for his learning and talents as a 
lawyer. He died near Cambridge City, 
Indiana, October 9, 1849. 

Thacher, George.— Born in Yar- 
mouth, Massachusetts, April 12, 1754; 
graduated at Harvard College in 1776; 
studied law, and established himself iu 
practice in Biddeford, Maine; he was a 
Delegate to the old Congress, and, on the 
adoption of the Constitution, served as a 
Representative in Congress, from Massa- 
chusetts, from 1789 to 1301; in 1792 he 
was elected a District Judge in Maine, 
serving until 1800, when he was chosen a 
Judge of the Supreme Court in Massa- 
chusetts ; and he held tlie latter office 
until January, 1824, when he resigned, 
and died on the 6th of April following. 
He was also a member of the Convention 
which formed the Coustitut'on of Maine, 
in 1819. He was a man of superior abili- 
ties, and performed all his duties to the 
entire satisfaction of the public. He was 
famous for his wit, and when a bill was 
reported in Congress respecting the use 
of the eagle on American coin, he play- 
fully recommended a goose ; for which he 
was challenged by the reporter of the bill, 
and the challenge he ridiculed. 

Thacher, SainueL—Re was born in 
Cambridge, Massachusetts, July 1, 1776; 
graduated at Harvard University in 1793; 
adopted the profession of law; was a 
Representative iu Congress, from Massa- 
chusetts, from 1802 to 1805. He also 
served eleven years in tlie Massachusetts 
Legislature, and was Sheriff of Lincoln 
County from 1814 to 1821. In 1866 he 
was a resident of Bangor, Maine. 

Thayer, Eli. — Born in Mendon, Wor- 
cester County, Massachusetts, June 11, 
181f); graduated at Brown University in 
1845 ; was a teacher in the Worcester 
Academy for three years; was a ilirmer 
by occupation; served as Alderman of the 
City of Worcester in 1853 ; he was a Rap- 
resentative iu the Massachusetts Legisla- 
ture during the years 1853 and 1854; 
elected a Representative to the Thirty- 
fifth Congress, from that State, serving 
as a memljer of the Committee on Militia; 
and was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth 
Congress, serving as Chairman of the 
Committee on Public Lands. He was the 
founder of the New England E.nigrant 
Aid Society; and has been identified with 
other societies of a benevolent character. 

Thayer, John M.— He was born in 

Bellingliam, Norfolk County, Massachu- 
setts, January 24, 1820; graduated at 
Brown University; studied law, and prac- 
tised the profession; removed to the 
Territory of Nebraska in 1854, where he 



378 



BIOaBAPHIGAL BEC0BD8. 



soon became B rigacliei'-General of Militia ; 
was a member of the " Territorial Consti- 
tutional Convention ; " was subsequently- 
elected to the Territorial Legislature; 
commanded a regiment of Infantry during 
the Rebellion, and, for meritorious services 
at Fort Donelson and Shiloh, he was pro- 
moted to the rank of Brigadier-General of 
Volunteers. He also served with dis- 
tinction at Vicksburg and Chickasavir 
Bayou, and for these additional services 
lie was promoted to the rank of Major- 
General of Volunteers ; and, on the ad- 
mission of Nebraska into the Union, as a 
State, he took his seat in Congress, as a 
Senator, for the term ending in 1871, 
serving on the Committees on Military 
Afi'airs, Indian Aflfairs, and Patents. 

Thayer, 31. Hussell.—TIe was born 
in Petersburg, V^irginia, January 27, 1819; 
graduated at the University of Pennsyl- 
vania in 1840 ; studied law, and was ad- 
mitted to the bar in 18-12 ; and was elected 
a Representative, from Pennsylvania, to 
the Thirty-eighth Congress, serving as 
Chairman of the Cominittee ou Private 
Laud Claims. He received from his Alma 
Mater the two degrees of Bachelor and 
Master of Arts. Re-elected to the Thirty- 
ninth Congress, serving on the Committee 
on the Bankrupt Law, and as Chairman of 
that on Private Land Claims. 

Theaker, Thomas C — Born in 

Tork County, Pennsylvania, February 1, 
1812 ; received a good English education ; 
removed to Ohio in 1830; has devoted the 
most of his life to the occupation of a 
millwright and machinist; and he was 
elected a Representative, from Ohio, to 
the Thirtjr-sixth Congress, serving on the 
Committees ou Militia, and Eni-olled Bills. 
He was subsequently appointed one of a 
Board of Commissioners to examine into 
the affairs of the Patent Ollice ; and in 
1865 was appointed by President Johnson 
Commissioner of Patents. 

Thibodeaux, B. G. — Born in Lou- 
isiana, and was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from that State, from 1845 to 1847, 
and for a second term ending in 1849. 
Died in the Parish of Terrebonne, Louisi- 
ana, in March, 18(36. 

Thomas, Senjam,in F.—WsiS born 
in Boston, February 12, 1813; removed to 
Worcester in 1819; graduated at Brown 
Uuiirersity in 1«30; studied law, and was 
admitted to practice in 1833; was a mem- 
ber of the Massachusetts Legislature in 
1842; was appointed Judge of Probate 
for the County of Worcester in 1844, re- 
signing the office in 1848; was a Presiden- 
tial Elector on the Taylor ticket in that 
year; and in 1853 he was appointed to the 
bench of the Supreme Court of Massa- 
chusetts, holding the office six years, 
when he resigned. He subsequently re- 



turned to Boston to practise his profes- 
sion, residing in West Roxbury, and ia 
1861 he was elected a Representative, from 
Massachusetts, to the Thirty-seventh 
Congress, serving as a member of the 
Committee on the Judiciary, and the 
Special Committee on the Bankrupt Law. 

Thomas, David.— Ke was a Eepre- 
sentative in Congress, from New York, 
from 1801 to 1808 ; served four years in 
the Assembly of that State ; and also held 
the position of State Treasurer. 

Thomas, JD. B.— After the close of 
the Rebellion, in 1865, he was elected a 
Representative, from Tennessee, to the 
Thirty-ninth Congress, but was not de- 
clared entitled to his seat until near the end 
of the first session of that Congress. [A 
proper notice of him is necessarily post- 
poned until the next edition of this 
work.] 

Thomas, Francis. — He was born* 

in Frederick County, Maryland, February 
3, 1799; was educated at St. John's Col- 
lege, in that State; studied law, and was 
admitted to the bar in 1820 ; was a mem- 
ber of the House of Delegates in 1822, 
1827, and 1829, when he was chosen 
Speaker ; and was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from Maryland, from 1831 to 1841. 
In 1839 he was President of the Chesa- 
peake and OhioCanal ; and was a member of 
the Maryland " Constitutional Convention" 
in 1850. He was also the author of the 
measure which resulted in the transfer of 
political power from the slave-holding 
counties in Marjdand to those portions 
where the white population was gener- 
ally located. During one term in Con- 
gress he was Chairman of the Judiciary 
Committee, and a report made by him led 
to the settlement of the boundary difficul- 
ties between Ohio and Michigan. From 
1841 to 1844 he was iGoveruor of Mai-y- 
land; was elected, for the sixth time, a 
Representative to the Thirty-seventh Con- 
gress, and re-elected to the Thirty-eighth 
Congress, serving on the Judiciary Com- 
mittee. Also re-elected to the Thirty- 
ninth Congress, serving on the Committees 
on the Death of President Lincoln, the 
Judiciary, the Bankrupt Law, and the 
Postal Railroad to New York. He was 
one of tlie first men in Maryland to warn 
the people of the approaching Rebellion; 
and, after hostilities had commenced, 
raised a brigade of three thousand Volun- 
teers, but declined all appointments con- 
nected with the organization. He was 
also a Delegate to the Philadelphia "Loy- 
alists' Convention" of 1886 ; and re-elected 
to the Fortieth Congress. 

Thom>as, Isaac— B.e was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Tennessee, 
from 1815 to 1817. 



BIOGBAPHICAL BECOBDS. 



379 



Thomas, James ITouston.— Was 

born iu Iredell Couuty, North Carolina, 
September 22, 1808 ; received the degree 
of A.B. from Columbia College, Tennes- 
see, in 1830 ; studied and adopted the pro- 
fession of law; In 1836 was elected 
Attorney-General for the State, holding 
the office six years ; was for many j'ears 
the law partner of James K. Polk ; was a 
Eepresentative in Congress, from Tennes- 
see, from 1847 to 1851 ; was a Presidential 
Elector in 1846 ; and in 1859 he was elected 
a Representative, from Tennessee, to the 
Thirty-sixth Congress, serving on the 
Committee on Revolutionary Pensions. 

Thomas, Jesse JB.— He was a Dele- 
gate to Congress, from the Territory of 
Indiana, from 1808 to 1809, and was then 
appointed United States Judge of Illinois 
Territory. He was also one of the first 
Senators in Congress, from Illinois, hav- 
ing held the position from 1818 to 1829, 
serving on important committees. He 
died in February, 1850. 

Thomas, John C. — He was a Eepre- 
sentative in Congress, from Maryland, 
from 179D to 1801. 

Thomas, Jr., John X.— Born in 
Baltimore, Maryland, May 20, 1835; re- 
ceived his education at the Alleghany 
County Academy ; studied law, and came 
to the bar in 1856 ; in 1861 he was ap- 
pointed Solicitor of the City of Baltimore, 
holding the office two years; in 1863 he 
was elected State Attorney for Maryland; 
in 1864 was a Delegate to the " State Con- 
stitutional Convention," and in 1865 he 
was elected a Representative, from Mary- 
land, to the Thirty-ninth Congress, to fill 
the vacancy caused by the resignation of 
E. H. Webster, serving on the Committees 
on Commerce, Revolutionary Claims, and 
Retrenchment. He was also a Delegate 
to the Philadelphia "Loyalists' Conven- 
tion " of 1866. 

Thomas, Philemon.— A native of 
North Carolina, where, during the Revolu- 
tionary war, he was engaged in many 
skirmishes with the British. lie resided 
some years in Kentucky, and was a mem- 
ber of the Legislature of that State ; he 
afterwards removed to Louisiana, and, in 
1810 and 1811, headed the insurrection 
of Baton Rouge, which threw off the 
yoke of Spain from West Florida. He 
was a Representative in Congress, from 
Louisiana, from 1831 to 1835, and died at 
Baton Rouge, Louisiana, November 18, 
1847, aged eighty-three years. 

Thomas, Philip Francis. — He was 

born iu Talbot County, Maryland, Septem- 
ber 12, 1810; was educated at Dickinson 
College ; studied law, and was admitted to 
the bar in 1831 ; in 1836 was a member of 
the " State Constitutional Convention ; " in 



1838 was elected to the State Legislature ; 
was a Representative in Congress, from 

1839 to 1841 ; was subsequently Judge of 
the Land Office Court of the Eastern Sliore 
of Maryland; in 1843 and 1845 was elected 
to the House of Delegates; and in 1847 
was elected Governor of Maryland. In 
the early part of 1860 he was appointed, 
by President Buchanan, Commisiiouer of 
the Patent Office, and on the resignation 
of Howell Cobb as Secretary of the Treas- 
ury, in December, 18G0, he was appointed 
Secretary of the Treasury in Mr. Buchan- 
an's cabinet. In March, 1867, he Avas 
elected a Senator in Congress, for the 
term ending in 1873, but was rejected. 

Thomas, Richard.— lie was a sol- 
dier in the Revolutionary war, and a 
Representative in Congress, from Penn- 
sylvania, from 1795 to 1801. Died in Phil- 
adelphia, in 1832, aged eighty-seven 
years. 

Thomasson, WiUiatn J*.— Born ia 

Henry County, Kentucky ; commenced the 
study of law at an early age ; aad when 
eighteen was licensed to practise at Cory- 
don, Indiana, from which place he was 
elected to the Legislature. He removed 
to Louisville about the year 1841, and was 
chosen a Representative in Congress, from 
Kentucky, from 1843 to 1847. He after- 
wards went to Chicago, where he was en- 
gaged in the practice of his profession until 
the breaking out of the Rebellion, when he 
served in the Union army as a Colonel of 
Volunteers. 

Thompson, Penjam,in. — Born ia 

Massachusetts, in 1798. He held many 
responsible offices iu the town of Charles- 
town, and was several times a Represent- 
ative in the State Legislature. He was 
twice elected to Congress as a member 
from the Fourth District of Massachu- 
setts, serving from 1845 to 1847; and 
again from March, 1851, till his death. 
He united mental cultivation and sound 
judgment with great business talent. 
His services upon the Committee on Mili- 
tary Affairs during the Mexican war were 
especially valuable. He died in Charles- 
town, September 24, 1852. 

Thompson, George TF.— He was 
born in Ohio; and, removing to Virginia, 
was elected a Representative in Congress, 
from that State, from 1851 to 1852. 

Thompson, Hedge.— He was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from New Jersey, 
during the years 1827 and 1828. Died at 
Salem, July 20, 1828. 

Thom,pson, Jacob.— He was born ia 
Caswell County, North Carolina, May 15, 
1810, and received his education at the 
University of Chapel Hill. He studied 
law, and was admitted to the bar in 1834, 



380 



BIOGBAPHICAL BECOBDS. 



and during the following year removed to 
the State of Mississippi. Elected to Con- 
gress as a Representative, from Missis- 
sippi, in 1839, he continued to serve in 
that capacity until 1851. On first taliing 
his seat in Congress he was placed on the 
Committee on Public Lands, and was for 
some years Chairman of the Committee 
on ludi^i Affairs. He was a defender of 
Mississippi, and of the Democratic party, 
at the time when the cry of repudiation 
was ringing throughout the land; and as 
he had, in 1845, declined going into the 
United States Senate by appointment of 
the Governor of Mississippi, so did he, in 
1851, decline a re-election to tlie House of 
Representatives. He was appointed by 
President Buchanan, in 1857, Secretary 
of the Interior Department. That po- 
sition he resigned in January, 1861, and 
joining the Rebellion, served as Govern- 
or of Mississippi, and in the Insurgent 
army. 

Thompson, J'ohn B. — He was born 
in Kentucky, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from that Stat(;, from 18iO to 
1843, and again from 1847 to 1851 ; and in 
1853 he w-as elected a Senator in Congress 
for the long tei'm. He was a member of 
the Committee on Private Land Claims, 
and of that on Pensions. 

Thoinpson, J'aiiies.—Born in Mid- 
dlesex, Butler County, Pennsylvania, Oc- 
tober 1, 1806. He received a good educa- 
tion, and commenced life as a printer; he 
studied law, and was admitted to the bar 
in 182S ; he was elected to the Assembly 
of his native State in 1832. 1833, and 1834, 
presiding, during the last session, as 
Speaker; in 1836 he was a Presidential 
Elector; he was Presiding Judge of the 
District Court for six years, and a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from 1845 to 1851. 
Of late years he has been chiefly devoted 
to the practice of his profession, and 
,in 1847 was elected a Judge of the Su- 
preme Court of Pennsylvania, for fifteen 
years. 

Thompson, JToeL—lle was a Repre- 
sentativa^ in Congress, from New York, 
from 1813 to 1815, having previously 
served one year in the State Assembly, 
from Albany, and two years from Che- 
nango County. 

Thotnpson, J'ohn. — He was a mem- 
ber of the New York Assembly, from 
Albany, in 1788 and 1789, iu 1827 from 
Delaware County, in 1802 and 1841 from 
Duchess County; and was a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from New York from 
1799 to 180 i, and again from 1807 to 
1811. 

Thompson, John. — He was born in 
Rhinebeck, Duchess County, New York, 
July 4, 1809. He was educated at Yale 



and Union Colleges ; lived on a farm until 
sixteen years of age, since which time he 
has devoted himself to the law; and 
against his own wishes and consent was 
elected a Representative iu Congress, 
from New York, to the Thirty-fifth Con- 
gress, serving on the Committee on Roads 
and Canals. 

Thompson, 3Iar7c.—E.e was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from New Jer- 
sey, from 1795 to 1799. 

Thompson, PIiilip.—Ra was a na- 
tive of Kentucky, and a Representative iu 
Congress, from that State, from 1823 to 
1825. 

Thompson, Philip M. — Bom iu 

1766, and died iu Kanawha Couhty, Vir- 
ginia, July 22, 1837. He was a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from Virginia, from 
1801 to 1807. 

Thompson, Richard W. — He was 

born in Ctdpepper County, Virginia, June 
9, 1809 ; received a good English and 
classical education; and his love of ad- 
venture led him into the wilds of Ken- 
tucky before he became of age. In 1831 
he settled in Louisville, and became a 
clerk in an extensive mercantile house; 
tiring of this, he removed to Lawrence 
County, Indiana, taught school for a few 
months, but again turned his attention to 
mei'chandising, selling goods, and studying 
law at the same time. He was admitted 
to the bar iu 1834, and was almost imme- 
diately elected to the Indiana Legislature; 
was re-elected in 1835 ; in 1836 he was 
elected to the State Senate, served two 
years, and was for a time President pro 
tern, of the Senate, and Acting Lieutenant- 
Governor; he was a Presidential Elector 
in 1840, and voted for General Harrison, 
whose election he zealously advocated with 
his pen and on the stump ; and in 1841 he 
was elected a Representative iu Congress, 
for the term ending in 1843. In 1844 he 
was again chosen a Presidential Elector ; 
was again a Representative in Congress, 
from Indiana, from 1847 to 1849, when he 
declined a re-election. Since that time 
he has held no public office, but has been 
devoted to the practice of his profession 
at Terre Haute. President Taylor offered 
him the appointment of Charge d' Affaires 
to Austria, and President Fillmore the 
office of Recorder of the General Land 
Office, both of which he declined. In 
1864 he was elected a Presidential 
Elector. 

Thompson, Mobert A. — He was 

born in Virginia, and Avas a Representa- 
tive in Congress, from that State, from 
1847 to 1849. Now Land Commissioner 
in California. 

Thompson, Thomas XT.— He grad- 



BIOQBAPHICAL BECORDS. 



381 



uated at Harvard University, in 178G ; was 
a Representative in Congress, from New 
Hampshire, from 1805 to 1807; State 
Treasurer in 1809; and a United States 
Senator from 1814 to 1817. He was a 
neigljI)or and one of the earliest friends of 
Daniel Webster. Died at Concord, in 
October, 1820, aged flfty-five years. 

Thompson, Waddy. — He was born 
at Piclcensville, South Carolina, Septem- 
ber 8, 1798; graduated at tlie South Caro- 
lina College in 1814, and, having studied 
law, Avas admitted to the bar in 1819. He 
has served in the Legislature of his native 
State ; was at one time Solicitor for the 
Westemi Circuit of South Carolina; was 
chosen a Presidential Elector; attained 
the military title of Brigadier-General; 
and was appointed, in 1842, Minister Plen- 
ipotentiary to Mexico, about which he 
published an interesting work. He was a 
Eepresentative in Congress, from 1835 to 
1841, serving, in 1840, as Chairman of the 
Committee on Militai-y Affairs, 

Thompson, Wiley m— Tie was a na- 
tive of Amelia County, Virginia, and a 
Eepresentative in Congress, from Geor- 
gia, from 1821 to 1833. 

Thompson, William,.— Ha was born 
in Pennsylvania, and, having settled in 
Iowa, was elected a Representative in 
Congress from that State, from 1847 to 
1851. He served during the Rebellion up- 
wards of four years as Captain, Major, 
Colonel, in the First Iowa Cavalry, and as 
Brevet Brigadier-General had command 
of a brigade ; and was subsequently ap- 
pointed a Captain of Cavalry in the regu- 
lar army. 

Thoinson, Alexander. — He was 

born in Franklin County, Pennsylvania; 
and was a Representative in Congress 
from Pennsylvania, from 1824 to 1826; 
died at his residence in Chambersburg, 
Pennsylvania, August 2, 1848, aged sixty- 
three years. 

Thomson, tTohn.—He was born in 
Franklin County, Pennsylvania, in 1777; 
and was a Representative in Congress, 
from Ohio, from 1825 to 1827, and again 
from 1829 to 1837. He died at New Lis- 
bon, Ohio, December 2, 1852. 

TJiomson, John JR.— Born in Phila- 
delphia, September 5, 1800; entered 
Princeton College, but left in the junior 
year, and devoted himself to mercantile 
pursuits, making a voyage to China in 
1817, and in 1820 established himself as a 
merchant in Canton ; was appointed Con- 
sul of the United States at that port in 
1823, and remained there until 1825. 
Since the year 1830 he has been engaged 
in the management of several railways, 
and of the New Jersey Canal. In 1814 he 



was a member of the " Constitutional 
Convention " of New Jersey, and was 
United States Senator, from New Jersey, 
from 1853 to 1857, and was re-elected for 
the terra ending in 1863. He was a mem- 
ber of the Committees on Naval Affairs, 
and on the Post OITice and Post Roads. 
He was offered a seat in the cabinet by 
President Buchanan, which he declined. 
Died at Trenton, September 13, 1862. 

Thorington, James.— Rq was bora 
in Nortli Carolina, and, removing to Iowa, 
was elected a Representative, from that 
State, to the Thirty-fourth Congress. 

Thornton, Anthony.— He was born 
in Bourbon County, Kentucky, November 
9, 1814; graduated at the University of 
Miami, in Ohio, and adopted the profes- 
sion of law. In 1847 he was a member of 
the Convention which framed the Consti- 
tution of Illinois; in 1850 he was a mem- 
ber of the State Legislature; in 1862 a 
Delegate to the Convention to revise the 
State Constitution, and in 1864 he was 
elected a Representative from Illinois to 
the Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the 
Committee of Claims and the Select Com- 
mittee on the Bankrupt Law. He was 
also a Delegate to the Philadelphia " Na- 
tional Union Convention " of 1866. 

Thornton, Mattheiv. —Vyovn in Ire- 
land in 1714, but came to this country 
with his fiither in 1717; studied medicine 
in Massachusetts, but settled to practise 
in New Hampshire; was appointed a Sur- 
geon in the array; commanded a regiment 
of Militia in the Revolutionary war; was 
President of the " Provincial Convention " 
of New Hampshire ; was, for six years, 
Judge of the Superior Court of New 
Hampshire, and Chief Justice of the Com- 
mon Pleas ; was a Delegate to the Conti- 
nental Congress, from 1776 to 1778: and 
was one of the signers of the Declaration 
of Independence. He also served for 
several years in the General Court and in 
the State Senate ; was appointed Justice 
of the Peace and Quorum throughout the 
State, and died at Newburyport, Massa- 
chusetts, June 24, 1803. 

Throop, Enos T.— He was born in 
Johnstown, Montgomery County, New 
York, August 21, 1784; while performing 
the duties of an attorney's clerk, he ac- 
quired a classical education ; studied law, 
and settled in Auburn ; was a Representa- 
tive in Congress during the years 1815 and 
1816; in 1823 was elected Circuit Judire; 
in 1829, Lieutenant-Governor of New 
York; and in 1831 was Governor of that 
State. In 1838 he was appointed Charge 
d'Affaires to the Two Sicilies. 

Thruston, Buckner.— Born in Vir- 
ginia, about the year 1763. He emigrated 
in early life to Kentucky, and, being pos- 



382 



BIOaBAFHiQAL BECOEDS. 



sessed of superior talents, he was soon 
called into the public service. He was 
appointed Federal Judge in the Territor}'' 
of Orleans in 1805, and was the same j^ear 
elected a member of the United States 
Senate, from Kentucky, for six years ; but 
he resigned in 1809, on being appointed, 
by President Madison, Judge of the United 
Statos Circuit Court of tlie District of Co- 
lumbia, which office he held until his 
death, which occurred at AVashingtou, 
August 30, 1845. 

Thurman, Allen <?.— He was born 
in Virginia, and, having taken up his resi- 
dence in Ohio, was elected a Representa- 
tive in Congress, from that State, from 
1845 to 1847. 

Thurman, tToJm H. — He was a 

Eepresentative in Congress, from New 
York, from 1849 to 1851, and died la New 
York, July 25, 1854. 

Thurston, Benjamin JB.— He was 

born in Hopkiaton, Rhode Island, June 
2d, 1804; he received a common-school 
education; was bred a merchant; was 
elected fourteen years in succession to 
the Assembly of his native State; was a 
Presidential Elector in 1837 ; and in 1838 
was Lieutenant-Governor; and he was a 
Representative in Congress, from Rhode 
Island, from 1847 to 1840, and again from 
1851 to 1857. He was subsequently elect- 
ed a member of the Senate of Rhode 
Island. 

Thurston, John S.— He was born 
in Virginia, in 1757; studied law, and 
emigrated to Kentucky, whence he was 
sent to the United States Senate, in 1805, 
for a long term. He was subsequently 
elected a Judge of the Circuit Court of 
Kentucky, in which position he continued 
until his death, which occurred at Wash- 
ington, August 30, 1845. 

Thurston, Samuel JS.— He was 
born in Maine ; graduated at Bowdoin 
College in 1843, and was a Delegate in 
Congress, from the Territory of Oregon, 
from 1849 to 1851. He died on board the 
steamer California, on her passage from 
Panama to San Francisco, April 9, 1851. 

Tibhatts, John IF".— He was born in 
Kentucky, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1843 to 
1847 ; also served as a Colonel in the Mex- 
ican war. Died in Newton, Kentucky, 
July 12, 1852, aged fifty years. 

Tlhhetts, George,— lie was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from New York, 
fi-om 1803 to 1805, and a member of the 
State Assembly, from Rensselaer County, 
in 1802 and 1820, and of the State Senate, 
from 1815 to 1818. 



Tlchenor, Isaac.-~Re was born io 
1754 ; graduated at Princeton College in 
1775 ; and died at Bennington, Vermont, 
in December, 1838. He was an officer of 
the Revolution; a Judge of the Supreme 
Court of Vermont ; a Representative in 
the State Legislature; and a Senator in 
Congress during the sessions of 1796 and 
1797, when he resigned ; Governor of Ver- 
mont from 1797 to 1808 ; and again in the 
United States Senate, from 1815 to 1821. 

Tiffin, Edward.— He was born in 
England, in 1765; was Governor of Ohio, 
from 1803 to 1807; a Senator in Con- 
gress, from that State, from 1807 to 1809, 
and Surveyor-General of North-western 
Ohio, in 1816, as well as for some years 
afterwards. He died July 9, 1829. 

Tilden, Daniel 12.— He was born in 
Connecticut, and, having settled in Ohio, 
was elected a Representative in Congress, 
from that State, from 1843 to 1847. 

Tllghynan, Matthew.— He was a 

Delegate, from Maryland, to the Conti- 
nental Congress, from 1774 to 1777. 

Tdlinghast, Joseph X/.— Born in 
Taunton, Massachusetts, in 1791, and re- 
moved to Rhode Island in his boyhood. 
He graduated at Brown University in 1819, 
and received the degree of M.A. ; in 1833 
was elected a member of the Board of 
Trustees of that institution. He studied 
law, and devoted himself to its practice 
in Providence, with marked success, for 
thirty years, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from Rhode Island, from 1837 
to 1843. He was also for many years a 
member of the State Legislature, and was 
elected Speaker on several occasions ; and 
to him Avas awarded the authorship of the 
free schools and improved judiciary sys- 
tems of his native State. Died December 
30, 1844, at Providence, Rhode Island. 

Tillinghast, Thomas. — Born in 
Rhode Island, and was for many years a 
Judge of the Supreme Court of the State. 
He was a Representative in Congress, 
from Rhode Island, from 1797 to 1799, and 
again from 1891 to 1803. 

Tilton, James. — Was born in Dela- 
ware, June 1, 1751 ; was a physician by 
profession, and became distinguished as 
a Surgeon during the Revolutionary war. 
Froml777 to the close of the war he acted 
as Hospital Surgeon, and introduced the 
use of hospital huts. After the war he 
resided for a few years on a farm in his 
native State. Was a Delegate in the Con- 
tinental Congress from 1783 to 1785. In 
1785 he was appointed Commissioner of 
Loans. In 1812 he was appointed Sur- 
geon-General of the United States army. 
He published " Observations on Military 



BIOGBAPEICAL BECOBDS. 



383 



Hospitals," and some papers on agricul- 
ture. He died May 14, 1822. 

Tipton, John. — He was born in Ten- 
nessee in 1785; removed to Indiana in 
1806; and was a Senator in Congress, 
from Indiana, from 1831 to 1839 ; and died 
at Logansport, of apoplexy, in 1839. 

Tii)ton, Thomas JF.— He was born 
in Harrison County, Ohio, in 1817; spent 
his early life on a farm ; graduated at 
Madison College, Pennsylvania, in 1840; 
studied law and came to the bar in 1844 ; 
in 1845 he was elected to the Ohio Legis- 
lature ; was for three years at the head of 
a Division of the General Land Office in 
Washington ; removed to Nebraska Terri- 
tory and was chosen a Delegate to the 
"Constitutional Convention ;" in 1860 was a 
Councilman in the Territorial Legislature ; 
having studied theology, he served during 
the Rebellion as Chaplain of the First 
Kegiment of Nebraska Infantry; and was 
elected a Senator in Congress from the 
new State, for the term commencing in 
1867 and ending in 1869, serving on the 
Committees on Agriculture, Pensions, and 
Public Lands. 

Titus, Obadiah,—Re was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from New York, 
from 1837 to 1839. 

Todd, tfohn. — He was born In Hart- 
ford, Connecticut, and was a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from Pennsylvania, 
from 1821 to 1824. Died March 28, 1830. 

Todd, J'ohn B. S.—'H.e was born in 
Kentucky, and, having settled in Dakota, 
was elected a Delegate to the Thirty-sev- 
enth Congress. During the first session 
of the Thirty-eighth Congress he contest- 
ed the seat, as Delegate, which had been 
assigned to William Jayne, and was ad- 
mitted as the duly elected Delegate from 
Dakota. He was a member of the Nation- 
al Committee to accompany the remains 
of President Lincoln to Illinois. 

Todd, Lemuel. — Born in Carlisle, 
Pennsylvania, July 29, 1817 ; educated at 
Dickinson College ; studied law, and was 
admitted to the bar in 1841, and practised 
in his native town. In 1854 he was elected 
a Representative to the Thirty- fourth Con- 
gress, from Pennsylvania. 

Toland, George TF.— He was born 
In Pennsylvania, and was a Representative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1837 to 
1843. Graduated at Princeton College in 
1816. 

Tomlinson, Gideon. — He was born 
at Stratford, Connecticut, December 31, 
1780, and graduated at Yale College in 
1802. He studied law and practised the 
profession in Fairfield, He was then called 



to public life, and in 1818 was chosen a 
Representative in Congress, in which office 
he was continued till 1827. In that year 
he was chosen Governor of Connecticut, 
and remained in that station until March, 
1831, when, on being appointed a Senator 
of the United States, he resigned his office 
as Governor. After six years' service he 
returned to private life. Died October 8, 
1854, at Fairfield, Connecticut. 

Tomlinson, TJiomas ^.— He was 
born in New York; served in the State 
Assembly, from Essex County, in 1835 and 
1836, and was a Representative in Con- 
gress from 1841 to 1843. 

Tomkins, Caleb. — He was born in 
Westchester County, New York, and was 
a member of the New York Assembly, 
from that County, from 1804 to 1806 ; and 
was elected a Representative in Congress, 
from New York, from 1817 to 1821. 

TomJcins, Christopher. — He was a 

Representative in Congress, fi'om Ken- 
tucky, from 1831 to 1835 ; and died at Glas- 
gow, Kentucky, in 1845. 

TomTcins, Ci/<ZnorJ5.— Born in Bel- 
mont County, Ohio, November 8, 1810, 
and was educated at the Ohio University, 
at Athens ; was bred a farmer, and after- 
wards studied law, having practised for 
twenty-two years ; and was elected a Rep- 
resentative, "from Ohio, to the Thirty-fifth 
Congress, serving as a member of the 
Committee on the Militia. Re-elected to 
the Thirty-sixth Congress, serving on the 
Committee on Military Afiiiirs. 

TomJcins, Daniel D. —He was born 
in Westchester County, New York, June 
21, 1774. His father was a farmer, and he 
was his seventh son. He graduated at 
Columbia College m 1795, then studied 
law and was admitted to practice in the 
City of New York in 1797. In 1821 he 
was a member of the " Constitutional Con- 
vention" of the State, and also served in 
the State Legislature. He was elected a 
Representative in Congress, from 1805 to 
1807, but resigned to accept an appoint- 
ment as Associate Judge of the Supreme 
Court of the State. 'In 1807 he was elected 
Governor of the State, and held that office 
ten years. His aid in support of the Na- 
tional Government, during the war of 1812, 
gave him prominence as a statesman. He 
prorogued the State Legislature in 1812 for 
the space of ten months, to prevent the 
establishment of the Bank of America in 
the City of New York ; his opposition post- 
poned, but did not defeat the measure, and 
a charter was granted in 1813. In 1817 
he resigned the office of Governor, and 
was elected Vice-President of the United 
States, and served two years; by virtue 
of which office he was also President of 



384 



BIOGBAPniCAL BECOBDS. 



the Senate. He died in New York, June 
11, 1825. 

Tompjclns, Patrick W. — He was 

born in Iventucky, and, settling in Missis- 
sippi, was elected a Representative in Con- 
gress, from that State, from 1847 to 1849. 

Tootnbs, JSobert.—Re was born in 

Wilkes County, Georo;ia, July 2, 1810. 
TTie first three years of his collegiate life 
were spent at the University of Georgia, 
but he left it during the senior year, and 
went to Schenectady, New York, and 
graduated at Union College. He read law 
at the University of "Virginia, under Judge 
Loraas ; was admitted to the bar of Georgia 
in 1829, and practised regularly until his 
election to Congress in 1845. His first 
public service was as Captain of Volun- 
teers in the Creek vpar, in 1836, under 
General Winfleld Scott. In 1837 he was 
elected to the Legislature from his native 
county, where he now resides, and, with 
the exception of 1841, continued a member 
of the lower branch until his election to 
the Federal House of Eepresentatives, 
where he served during the Twenty-ninth, 
Thirtieth, Thirty-first, and Thirty-second 
Congi'esses. He entered the Senate during 
the Thirty-third Congress for six years, 
and was re-elected for a second term end- 
ing March 4, 1865. In the House and 
also in the Senate, he always served on 
important committees. He was expelled 
March 14, 1861, and became Secretary of 
State in the Rebel government, and was 
also a Brigadier-General in the great Re- 
bellion. 

Toucey, Isaac— TLe was born in 
Newtown, Connecticut, November 5, 1796 ; 
received a thorough classical education ; 
studied law and commenced the practice 
at Hartford in 1818; was appointed State's 
Attorney in 1822 and continued to hold 
that office until 1835 ; was a Representative 
in Congress, from Connecticut, from 1835 
to 1839 ; Governor of the State from 1846 
to 1847; was appointed Attorney-General 
of the United States by President Polk ; 
was a State Senator in 1850 ; a Senator in 
Congress from 1852 to 1857 ; and in March 
of the latter year he went into President 
Buchanan's Cabinet as Secretary of the 
Navy, serving as such until 1861. 

Towns, George TF.— Born in Wilkes 
County, Georgia, May 4, 1802. He was 
prevented by ill health from receiving a 
collegiate education, and commenced life 
as a merchant; afterwards studied law; 
was admitted to the bar of Alabama in 
1824, and for a time performed the duties 
of editor of a political paper. In 1826 he 
returned to Georgia, and settled in Tal- 
bot County. He served for several years 
in both branches of the Legislature of 
that State ; and was a Representative in 
Congress from 1835 to 1839, and was re- 



elected in 1846; his last public position 
was that of Governor of Georgia, to which 
office he was elected in 1847, and was re- 
elected in 1849. He died at Macon, July 
15, 1854. 

Townsend, Dwight. — He was born 
in the City of New York, in 1826 ; educated 
at the grammar school of Columbia Col- 
lege ; entered mercantile life when twenty- 
one years of age; retired from business in 
1862; and in 1864 he was elected a Repre- 
sentative, from New York, to the Thirty- 
eighth Congress, to fill the vacancy caused 
by the resignation of Henry G. Stebbins, 
serving on the Committee on Coinage, 
Weights, and Measures. 

Toivnsend^ George. —He was a 

Representative in Congress, from New 
York, from 1815 to 1819. 

Townsend, James. — He was elect- 
ed a Representative,from New York, to the 
Second Congress, but died in May, 1791. 

Townsend, If. S.—Tie was born in 
England, and, having settled in Ohio, was 
elected a Representative in Congress, 
from that State, from 1851 to 1853. 

Tracy, Albert JS. — He was born in 
Norwich, Connecticut, June 17, 1793 ; re- 
ceived a good classical education; studied 
medicine with his father, but when eigh- 
teen years of age he removed to New York 
State, studied law, and was admitted to 
the bar in 1815; and he served three terms 
in Congress as a Representative from a 
district comprehending almost the whole 
of that part of New York west of Seneca 
Lake, from 1819 to 1825; and in 1829 he 
was elected to the Senate of New York for 
four years, and was re-elected for a second 
term of four years. He was a supporter 
of Mr. Adams for President, and declined 
a seat in his Cabinet; he also declined 
a Judgeship tendered by Governor Clinton. 
Died at Buffalo, September 19, 1859. 

Tracy, Andrew. — He was born in 
Vermont ; educated a lawyer ; and was a 
Eepresentative in Congress, from that 
State, from 1853 to 1855. He also served 
ten years in both branches of the State 
Legislature, and was Speaker from 1842 
to 1845. 

Tracy, M. W.—He was born in Lu- 
zerne County, Pennsylvania, September 
24, 1807 ; was bred a farmer, and devoted 
some attention to mercantile pursuits ; in 
1861 and 1862 he was elected to the State 
Legislature ; was a member of the " Chi- 
cago Convention" which nominated Mr. 
Lincoln for President ; and was elected a 
Representative, from Pennsylvania, to the 
Thirty-eighth Congress, serving on the 
Committees for the District of Columbia, 
and on Expenditures in the Navy Depart- 



BIOGBAPHICAL BECOBDS. 



385 



raent. lie was also a Delegate to the Phil- 
adelphia '' National Uuiou Convention " of 
1866. 

Tracy, Phineas i.— He was born In 
Norwich, Couiiecticut; graduated at Yale 
College in 180G ; and was a Representative 
in Congress, from Genesee County, New 
York, fi-oni 1827 to 1833, and was a mem- 
ber of the Committee on Expenditures on 
Public Buildings. 

Tracy, Uri. — He was born in Frank- 
lin, Connecticut, and graduated at Yale 
College in 1789; was a Representative In 
Congress, from New Yorij, from 1805 to 
1807, and again from 1809 to 1813; and 
died in 1813. 

Tracy, Uriah. — Born in Franklin, 

Connecticut, February 2, 1735 ; graduated 
at Yale College in 1778 ; read law in Litch- 
field, and settled in that town. He was 
often chosen a State RepresentatiTe, and 
in 1793 was Speaker of the House. He 
was a Representative In Congress from 
1793 to 1796; and from 1796 to 1807 a 
Senator of the United States, oiRciating 
for a short time as President pro tern, of 
the Senate. He was also a Major-General 
of Militia ; commanded the respect and 
enjoyed the friendship of the leading men 
of his time ; and died at Washington 
City, July 19, 1807, and was the first per- 
son buried in the Congressional burying- 
grouud. 

Trafton, MarJc—He was born in 
Maine ; and elected a Representative, 
from Massachusetts, to the Thirty-fourth 
Congress. 

Train, Cliarles JR. — Born in Fra- 
minghara, Massachusetts, in 1817; worked 
on a farm until fifteen ; graduated at Brown 
University in 1837 ; studied law, and fin- 
ished his legal education at Cambridge, 
coming to the bar in 1841 ; he Avas elected 
to the Massachusetts Legislature in 1847 ; 
from 1848 to 1851 was District Attorney 
for Northern Massachusetts; in 1852 he 
was appointed, by President Fillmore, an 
Associate Judge of the United States 
Court in Oregon, but declined the ofiice ; 
he was a member of the " State Constitu- 
tional Convention " of 1853 ; was a second 
time appointed District Attorney; in 1857 
and 1858 he served as a member of the 
State Council ; and he was elected a Rep- 
resentative, from Massachusetts, to the 
Thirty-sixth Congress, serving as Chair- 
man of the Committee on Public Buildings 
and Grounds. Re-elected to the Thirty- 
seventh Congress, serving as Chairman 
of the Committee on Public Buildings. 
During the autumn of 18G2 he served in the 
army as a Volunteer Aid on the Staff of 
his friend, General Gordon, and was pres- 
ent at the battle of Antietam. He was 
also a Delegate to the " Baltimore Con- 
25 



vention " of 1864 ; and to the Philadelphia 
"Loyalists' Convention" of 1863. 

Trapier, Paul.— Re was a Delegate, 
from South Carolina, to the Continental 
Congress, from 1777 to 1778. 

Treadwell, John. — Born in Far- 
mington, Connecticut, November 23. 1745; 
graduated at Yale College in 1767, and 
studied law, and filled the office of Judge 
of Probate, and of other courts. From 
1785 to 1786 he was a Delegate to the Con- 
tinental Congress. In 1809 he was elected 
Governor of Connecticut, and served two 
years. He was the first President of the 
American Foreign Mission Society, and 
was a general contributor to that and 
other charitable institutions. He died 
August 19, 1823. 

Tredway, William ilif. — He was 
born in Virginia, and was a Representa- 
tive in Congress, from that State, from 
1845 to 1847. 

Tredwell, Thomas.— B.e was born in 
Smitlitown, Saflfolk County, Long Island, 
la 1742, and graduated at Princeton Col- 
lege in 1764. He was a member, from 
Sufiblk County, of the Provincial Congress 
of the Colony of New York in 1775 and 
1776, and of the Convention of Represent- 
atives of the State of Nfew York in 177(5 
and 1777, by which the first constitution 
of the State of New York was adopted, and 
was for many years the last surviving 
member of the latter body. He also repre- 
sented his native county in the Conven- 
tion of 1788, to deliberate upon the adop- 
tion of the Federal Constitution, and, 
with the other "anti-federalists" of that 
body, voted against its adoption. From 
1777 to 1783 he was a member of the As- 
sembly, and from 1786 to 1789 of the State 
Senate, from the same county. He was 
the first Judge of the Court of Probate 
of the State, serving from 1778 to 1787, 
and subsequently Surrogate of Suffolk 
County from 1787 to 1791. He was a mem- 
ber of Congress from his native district 
from 1791 to 1795. He was one of the 
original proprietors of Plattsburgh, Clin- 
ton County, Nfew York, to which place he 
removed in its infancy, near the close of 
the last century. In 1801 he represented 
the counties of Clinton and Essex in the 
" State Constitutional Convention" of that 
year, of which Aaron Burr was President. 
He was again elected to the State Senate 
and served from 1803 to 1807; was ap- 
pointed Surrogate of Clinton County 
in 1807, and held that ofiice until 1831, 
making an almost continuous term of pub- 
lic service of fifty-six years. His house 
and farm at Plattsburgh were pillaged by 
the British at their invasion in July, 1813. 
He died at Plattsburgh, January 30, 1832. 
His grandson, Thomas Tredwell Davis, 



386 



BIOGBAPHICAL BECOEDS. 



was a member of the Thirty-eighth and 
Thirty-uiuth Congresses. 

Trezvantf James. — He was born in 
Sussex County, Virginia; was a lawyer 
by profession ; was Attorney for the State ; 
member of the State Legislature, and of 
the " Constitutional Convention " of 1830; 
a Representative in Congress, from Vii*- 
ginia, from 1825 to 1831^ serving during 
liis last term as Chairman of the Commit- 
tee on Military Pensions. He died in 1838. 

Trigg, Abrain.—T3.e was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Virginia, 
from 1797 to 1809. 

Trigg, John, — He was a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from Virginia, from 
1797 to 1804. 

TritnMe, Car]/ A. — Born in Hills- 
borougii, Ohio, September 13, 1813 ; grad- 
uated at the Ohio University iu 1833; 
studied medicine, and received a medical 
diploma from the Cincinnati Medical Col- 
lege in 1836; in 1837 was appointed 
Denjonstrator of Anatomy in his Alma 
Mater, which position he held until 184:li 
when he settled in Chillicothe; in 1839, on 
account of his health, he retired from his 
profession, and devoted himself to farm- 
ing; and was elected a Representative, 
from Ohio, to the Thirty-sixth Congress, 
serving on the Committee on Public 
Lands. Re-elected to the Thirty-seventh 
Congress. 

Trimble, David. — He was born in 
Fredericli County, Virginia, about the 
year 1782 ; educated at William and Mary 
College ; studied law, and when he came 
of age removed to Kentucky. He was 
engaged iu the war of 1812, serving two 
campaigns under General Harrison. In 
1817 he was chosen a member of Congress 
from Kentucky, and served without inter- 
ruptiou till 1827, being highly esteemed 
for tlie integrity of his principles and his 
devotion to his public duties. After his re- 
tirement from Congress, he became en- 
gaged in agriculture and the iron manu- 
facture, and in the latter interest he did 
much to develop the resources of the 
State. He died at Trimble's Furnace, 
Kentucky, October 26, 1842. 

Trimble, John. — He was born in 

Roane County, Tennessee, February 7, 
1812; graduated at the Nashville Univer- 
sity; studied law and adopted the pro- 
fession; from 1836 to 1841 he was At- 
torney-General of the State for the Nash- 
ville District ; was a member of the State 
Assembly from 1843 to 1845; of the State 
Senate from 1845 to 1847; and again from 
1859 to 1861 ; in 18G2 he was appointed, 
by President Lincoln, District Attorney 
of the United States for Middle Tennes- 
see,which ho resigned iu 1864 ; was again in 



the State Senate from 1865 to 1867 when he 
resigned ; and he was elected a Represent- 
ative from Tennessee to the Fortieth Con- 
gress, serving on the Committees on Freed- 
meu's Affairs, and Pi'ivate Land Claims. 

Trimble, Lawrence S. — He was 

born in Fleming, Kentucky, August 26, 
1825 ; received a good English education; 
studied law and adopted that profession; 
was a member of the Kentucky Legislature 
in 1851 and 1852 ; was Judge of the 
Equity and Criminal Court of the first Ju- 
dicial District of the State from 1856 to 
1860 _; from 1860 to October, 1865, was 
President of the New Orleans and Ohio 
Railroad Company, and was elected a 
Representative, from Kentucky, to the 
Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the 
Committees on Revolutionary Claims, on 
Manufactures, and Revenue Frauds. Re- 
elected to the Fortieth Congress and 
placed on the Committee on Invalid Pen- 
sions. . 

Trimble, William, A.— He was born 

in 1786 ; he served with credit in the army 
of the United States during the war of 
1812; occupied, as commander, several 
frontier posts; was a Senator in Con- 
gress, from Ohio, from 1819 to 1821, hav- 
ing died December 13 of the latter year. 

Triplett, Philip. — He was born in 
Virginia, and was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from Kentucky, from 1839 to 1843. 

Trippe, Robert P. — He was born in 
Georgia, and was elected a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from that State, to 
the Thirty-fourth and Thirty-fifth Con- 
gresses. 

Trotter, F. James. — He was a Sen- 
ator in Congress, from Mississippi, during 
the year 1838. 

Troup, George Ji". — Born on the 
Tombigbee River, September 8, 1780; 
graduated at Princeton College ; studied 
law ; and in 1800 was elected to the Legis- 
lature of Georgia, and re-elected for four 
terms; was a Representative in Congress, 
from Georgia, from 1807 to 1815 ; and a 
Senator from 1816 to 1818, and from 1829 
to 1834. From 1823 to 1827 he was Gov- 
ernor of that State. He died in Laurens 
County, Georgia, May 3, 1856. He was 
an advocate, of State riglits, and the 
champion of State sovereignty. 

Trout, Michael C— He was born in 
Pennsylvania, and was a Representative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1853 to 
1855. 

Trowbridge, Mowland E. — Was 

born in Elraira, New York, June 18, 1821 ; 
removed with his parents to Michigan 
when a mere child ; graduated at Kenyoa 



BIOGRAPHICAL RECOEDS. 



387 



Gollese, Ohio, in 1841 ; has been devoted 
all his lile to the business of farmin>j:; was 
elected to the Senate of Michigan in 1856 
and 1858 ; and in 1860 was elected a Eep- 
resentative, from Michigan, to the Thirty- 
seventh Congress, serving on the Commit- 
tee on the Post Office and Post Roads. He 
was also re-elected to the Thirtj'-ninth 
Congress, serving on the Committees on 
Revolutionary Claims, and Agriculture. 
He was also a Delegate to the Philadelphia 
"Loyalists' Convention" of 1866; and 
was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, 
serving as Chairman of the Committee oa 
Agriculture. 

TrumbOf Andrew. — A native of 
Kentucky; was born in Montgomery 
Connty, now Bath, September 13, 1799; 
he had a limited English education, and at 
the age of fifteen went into the County 
Clerk's office, and afterwards became 
clerk; studied law, and commenced prac- 
tice in 1824. He was a Representative in 
the Twenty-ninth Congress, and one of 
the Presidential Electors of Kentucky in 
184S. 

Trutnbull, Jonathan. — Born in 

Lebanun, Connecticut, March 26, 1740, 
and graduated at Harvard College in 1759. 
In 1775 he was appointed, by Congress, 
Paymaster in the Northern department of 
the army, and not long after was attached 
to the family of Washington as Secretary 
and first Aid, with whom he continued 
until the close of the war. He was for 
several years a Representative in the State 
Legislature of Connecticut, and Speaker of 
the House ; was a Presidential Elector in 
1797, 1801, and 1805; and a Representa- 
tive in Congress, from that State, from 
1789 to 1795; elected Speaker of the 
House of Representatives in 1791, and con- 
tinued in that station till he was transfer- 
red to the United States Senate in 1795, 
where he served only one year, having 
been elected Lieutenant-Governor of Con- 
necticut, and in 1798 Governor, in which 
position he remained until his death, 
which occurred August 7, 1809. 

Trumbull, Joseph.— Ue was a Del- 
egate, from Connecticut, to the Continen- 
tal Congress, in 1774 and 1775; and his 
son, bearing the same name, was a Repre- 
sentative in the Federal Congress. Died 
in 1778. 

Trumbull, tToseph.— Born in Leb- 
anon, Connecticut, December 7, 1783 ; 
graduated at Yale College in 1801 ; studied 
law and practised with success in Ohio ; 
was President of the Hartford Banlc for 
eleven years ; served in the General As- 
sembly in 1832, 1848, and 1851; in 1849 he 
was elected Governor of Connecticut; 
was President of a Railroad Company; 
received from Yale College the degree of 
LL.D. ; and was a Representative in Con- 



gress, from Connecticut, in 1834, for an 
unexpired term, and from 1839 to 1843. 

Trumbull, Lytnan.—Ra was bora 
in Colchester, Connecticut, in 1813; 
adopted the profession of law; removed 
to Illinois, and became a member of the 
Legislature of that State in 1840 ; was 
Secretary of State in 1841 and 1842; 
Justice of the Supreme Court of Illinois 
from 1848 to 1853 ; was elected a Repre- 
sentative from Illinois to the Thirty-fourth 
Congress, and was elected a Senator iu 
Congress for the terra commencing in 
1855 and ending in 1861, serving as Chair- 
man of the Committee on the Judiciary, 
and as a member of the Committees on 
Public Buildings and Grounds, and Indian 
Affairs; and was re-elected for the term 
ending 1867. In 1864 he was appointed a 
Regent of the Smithsonian Institution. 
He was also a Delegate to the Philadel- 
phia "Loyalists' Convention" of 18G6; 
and in Januarj', 1867, he was re-elected to 
the Senate for the term ending in 1873, 
serving on the additional Committee on 
Pensions. 

Tuck, -4m«.os»— He was born in Maine ; 
graduated at Dartmouth College in 1835 ; 
was for some time a tutor in that institu- 
tion ; and, removing to New Hampshire, 
was elected a Representative in Congress, 
from that State, from 1847 to 1853. He 
was also a member of the " Peace Con- 
gress " of 1861. 

TucJcer, Ebeneser.—Re was born 

iu Burlington, New Jersey, in 1758; he 
was a soldier in the Revolutionary war, 
and served afc the battle of Long Island; 
he filled many offices of distinction and 
trust, among them those of Collector and 
Postmaster of New Jersey ; and he was a 
member of Congress, from New Jersey, 
from 1825 to 1829. He ateo held the offices 
of Judge of the Common Pleas, Justice 
of the Court of Quarter Sessions, and 
Judge of the Orphans' Court. He died at 
Tuckerton, New Jersey, September 5, 
1845. 

Tucker, George.— '^a was a native 
of Virginia, and a Representative in Con- 
gress, from that State, from 1819 to 1825. 

Tucker, Senry St. George.— Born 

in Virginia in 1779; received a liberal 
education, and became a prominent law- 
yer. He was at one time President of the 
Court of Appeals ; also Professor of Law 
in the University of Virginia; the author 
of several valuable works on law ; and a 
Representative in Congress, from Vir- 
ginia, from 1815 to 1819. He died at Win- 
chester, Virginia, August 28, 1848. 

Tucker, Starling.— He was born in 
Halifax County, North Carolina, and was 
a Representative in Congress, from tha 



388 



JDIOCrBAPniCAL SECOEDS. 



L:\nroiis "District of South Carolina, fi'om 
1317 to 1831. He died February -t, 1S31. 

TucJxcr. Thomas T.— He was aPel- 
egiito to the Continental Congi-oss tVoni 
irS7 to 1788; ami was a Koprosontative 
in Couiiress. from South Carolina, from 
17811 10^1703. IMed May l\ 1828. 

TucJcer, T'dghman Jf.— He was 
boru in North Carolina; was Governor of 
Mississippi from 1841 to 1843; and was a 
Kepresentativo in Contrress, from Missis- 
.«ippi. from 1843 to ISis. Died iu Alaba- 
laa, April 31, 1859. 

Turner, CJiarles. — Graduated at 
Harvard University iu 1752; studied for 
the niinistr.v, and" settled in Duxbury, 
Massachusetts ; was elected a Represent- 
ative in Congress from Massachusetts, 
serving from" 1809 to 1813, and died in 
1816, aged about sixty-sis years. 

Turner, Daniel.— Born in "\^'■arreu 
County. North Carolina, September 2ti, 
1700. " He commenced his eduoaiiou at 
AVarrenton Academy; completed it at 
West Point; iu 1814 was appointed Lieu- 
tenant of Artillery; as such, served at 
Brooklyn Heights, and at Piattsburg, and 
resigned iu 1815; after leaving the army, 
lie spent two years at WilUam and i\Iary 
College; from" 1819 to 1823 he served in 
the Legislature of North Carolina ; and 
was a member of Congress from 1827 to 
1S29. He subsequently had charge of the 
Warroutou Female Seminary. 

Turner, James.— Bovn iu Virginia 
in the year 17G6. His education was such 
as coiild be afforded by the common 
schools of the country; he served in the 
Eevolutiou as a private soldier; entered 
public life in 1800 as a member of tlie 
Legislature of Nflrth Carolina; in 1802 
was elected Governor of the State; aud 
■was a Senator in Congress, from North 
Carolina, from 1805 to 1810. He died at 
Bloomsbury, January 15, 1824, much 
respected for his talents aud personal 
worth. 

Turner, James.— lla was boru iu 
Maryland, and was a Representative iu 
Cougress, from that State, from 1833 to 
1837. 

Turner, TTiomas J".— Born in Trum- 
bull County, Ohio, April 5, 1815, Avhere he 
resided until ten years of age, receiving 
all his school education within that time. 
In 1825 he removed with his father's fam- 
ily to Butler County, Pennsylvania, where 
he worked on a farm until fourteen years 
old, when the destitute circumstauces of 
his father compelled him to make unusual 
cxertious to assist in the support of the 
family, which he did by working as a 
laborer on the Peuusylvauia Canal, aud 



contributed his earnings to his father un- 
til the age of cigiueen. Leaving his 
father comfortable, he went to the '' far 
West," and spent three years in St. Paul's 
County, ludiana, and finally settled iu 
Freeport, Steveusou County, Illinois. 
Ho was made Justice of the Peace, which 
otllce he held for several years; iu 1838 
he studied law as a profession, and ob- 
tained a lucrative practice. In 1842 he 
was elected Probate Justice of the Peace, 
and in 1844 was appointed Postmaster. 
In 1845 he was chosen State's Attorney 
for the Sixth Judicial District, and in 184t> 
he was elected a Representative in the 
Thirtieth Cougress. In 1854 he was a 
member of the Lower House of the Leg- 
islature, and chosen Speaker. Since that 
time he has devoted himself to the prac- 
tice of law. 

Turney, Sophins L. — Born iu 
Smith County, Tennessee, Octobers, 1797. 
He was in his boyhood bound to a tailor, 
aud served at that business several years ; 
in 1818 he entered upon the campaign 
against the Seminole Indians; he did not 
learn to write until twenty-two years of 
age, aud yet soon after studied law, and 
was very successful at the bar; he served 
about ten years in the Legislature, from 
1828 to 1838 ; and he was a Representative 
in Cougress, from Tennessee, from 1887 
to 1843, and in the Senate of tlie United 
States from 1845 to 1851. He died in 
Winchester, Tennessee, August 1, 1857, 
leaving behind him a high reputatixm for 
his abilities aud virtues. 

Turpie, D. — Was born in Hamilton 
County, Ohio, July 8, 1829 ; graduated at 
Kenyou College in 1848 ; studied law, and 
was admitted" to practice at Logansport, 
Indiana, iu 1849; was appointed, by Gov- 
ernor Wright, whom he succeeded in the 
Senate, Judge of the Court of Counnon 
Pleas iu 1854, aud was Judge of the 
Circuit Court in 185G, both of wliich offices 
he resigned ; in 1852, and also 1858. he was 
a member of the Legislature of Indiana; 
and iu 1863 he was elected a Senator iu 
Cougress for the unexpired term of J. D. 
Bright, aud immediately succeeding J. A. 
Wright, who served by appointment of 
the Governor. 

Turrell, Joel. — He was born iu Ver- 
mont; graduated at Middlebury College 
in 1816; and was a Representative in Cou- 
gress, from New York, from 1833 to 1837, 
having been a member of the State As- 
sembly, from Oswego, County, iu 1831. 
Died in Oswego, New York, December 
26, 1859, aged sixtj'-four years. 

Tuthill, SelaJt.— Born in New York, 
and was elected a Representative, from 
that State, to the Seventeenth Cougress, 
but died iu December, 1821. 



BIOaBAPIIICAL BECOIiDS. 



389 



Tweed, William 3£,—Jiorn in tlic 
Cily of New York, April 3, 1823; received 
a coiniDon-scIiool education; is Ijy occu- 
pation a chair-manuracturcr; was an Al- 
derman in New York City in 1852; a 
member of the Thirty-third Concjross; a 
member of the State Board of Education 
in 1857; and a Supervisor of New York 
County in 1858. 

Tweedy, John H. — He was born in 
Connecticut; graduated at Yale College ; 
adopted the profession of law; removed 
to Wisconsin in 1837; was a member of 
the first "Constitutional Convention" of 
that Territory in 1840 ; and was elected a 
Delegate to Congress, from the same, in 
1817, serving one session. 

Tweedy, Saimiel.—Tle was born in 
Connecticut, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1833 to 
1835. 

Twitchell, Ginerj/,— Tie was born in 
Athol, Worcester County, Massachusetts, 
August 20, 1811; in 1830 lie commenced 
the business of staging or carrying the 
mail; was the first to establish a daily 
line of coaches between Boston and 13rat- 
tleborough, in Vermont, and after which, 
he made important contracts with the 
government for carrying the mail; in 1847 
lie became identified with the Boston and 
Worc^cster Railroad as a subordinate offl-. 
cer, but was subsequently appointed Pres- 
ident of the same, and has continued in it 
to the present time. In 1800 lie was 
elected a Representative, from Massachu- 
setts, to the Fortieth Congress, serving on 
the Committees on Naval Affairs, and Ex- 
penditures in tiie Interior Department. 

Tyler, tTohn. — Born in Charles City 
County, Virginia, in 1700. He commenced 
his political life at an early age, liaving 
been elected to the Virginia Legislature 
at the age of twenty-one years, and five 
years later to Congress. In 182G he was 
elevated to the station of Governor of his 
native State. He discharged the duties 
of his office but one year and a half, when, 
in 1837, the Legislature selected him to fill 
a vacancy in the Senate of the United 
States, where he officiated as Presidentpro 
tern, of that body. He served in this ca- 
pacity until, a difference of opinion having 
ari.>en between General Jackson and liim- 
self, he resigned his seat in 183G, and went 
into voluntary retirement. Mr. Tyler did 
not again make his appearance in public 
life until 1840, when he was selected by 
the Whig party as their candidate for 
Vice-President. He was elected to that 
oflice by a large majority, and entered 
upon the discharge of his duties in March, 
1841, when the death of the President, 
General Harrison, shortly after, i-aised 
hiin to the chief magistracy of the repub- 
lic. Ilis term of oLflce expired in 1845, 



after which he lived in retirement in Vir- 
ginia until 1801. He was elected in that 
year a Delegate to the " Peace Congress " 
held in Washington, and officiated as its 
President; and, on his return to Virginia, 
lie became a member of the Virginia Con- 
vention of 1801, and the Rebel Congress, 
and died in Richmond, January 17, 1802, 

Tyson, Jacob. — Tie was a member 
of the New York Senate, from Richmond 
County, in 1828, and a Representative in 
Congress, from New York, from 1823 to 
1825. 

Tyson, Job JR. — He was born in 
Montgomery County, Pennsylvania, in 
1804, and died near Philadelphia in 1858. 
lie was educated a lawyer, frequently 
served in the City Councils of Puiladel- 
phia, and was a inemljer of the Thirty- 
fourth Congress. He commanded uncom- 
mon influence in Congress, and was a man 
of refined tastes in literature and the fine 
arts. He also served in the City Councils 
of Pliiladelphia; the Legislature of Penn- 
sylvania, and through his exertions the 
archives of that State were first published. 
While educating himself, in early life, he 
taught in a district school, and iiis pub- 
lished addresses are quite numerous. 

Udree, Daniel. — Born in Philadel- 
phia; removed to Berks County, Pennsyl- 
vania, where lie entered largely into the 
manufacture of iron, and was a most suc- 
cessful business man. He was in the 
State Legislature from 1790 to 1805; and 
was a Representative in Congress, from 
Pennsylvania, from 1813 to 1815, from 
1810 to 1821, and from 1823 to 1825, — on 
tvi^o occasions filling the unexpired terms 
of men who had resigned. Died July 22, 
1828. 

Underhill, Walter. — He was born 
in New York, and was a Representative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1849 to 
1851, 

Underwood, John W. JT. — Bora 

in Elbert County, Georgia, November 20, 
1810 ; received a good English and classi- 
cal education ; studied law, and was ad- 
mitted to the bar in 1834; in 1843 was 
electeil Solicitor-General for the Western 
Circuit, resigning in 1847; was a member 
of the "Georgia Constitutional Conven- 
tion" of 1850; declined two judicial ap- 
pointments tendered to him by Presidents 
Pierce and Buchanan ; was a member of 
the Georgia Legislature in 1857, and 
chosen Speaker; and in 1859 was elected 
a Representative, from Georgia, to the 
Thirty-sixth Congress, serving on the 
Committee on Expenses in the Navy 
Department. Resigned in February, 
1801, on the breaking out of the Rebel- 
lion, and returned to Georgia. 



390 



BIOaBAPHICAL BECOBDS. 



Underwood, Joseph JJ. —Born in 

Goochland County, Virginia, October 24, 
1791. He was adopted by his maternal 
uncle in 1803, who resided in Barren 
County, Kentucky. He received his edu- 
cation at various schools in that State, 
and ended his scholastic course at the 
University of Lexington, in 1811; and 
then read law with Kobert AVickliffe. In 
1813 he entered the service of the United 
States, as Lieutenant of a Volunteer Com- 
pany, aud was badly wounded and taken 
by the enemy at Dudley's defeat, com- 
manding his company after the Captain 
was mortally wounded. He was released 
from captivity, and landed from the prison- 
ships on Lake Erie, near Cleveland, where 
he was lodged in a hospitable cabin until 
sufficiently recovered to return home. In 
the fall of 1813 he located at Glasgow, 
Kentucky, and practised law for ten years, 
during which time he was Trustee of the 
town, and County Attorney; and was a 
member of the Legislature from 1816 to 
1819. In 1823 he removed, with his family, 
to Bowling Green, and was elected a mem- 
ber of the General Assembly in 1825 and 
1826. From 1828 to 1835 he was Judge 
of the Court of Appeals, and resigned on 
being elected a Eepresentative in Con- 
gress, in which position he served from 
1835 to 1843. In 1846 he was again elected 
to the Legislature of Kentucky, and was 
Speaker of the House. In 1847 he was 
elected a member of the United States 
Senate, for six years, and at the expiration 
of the term returned to the practice of 
law. In 1824 and in 1844 he was a Presi- 
dential Elector, He was also a Delegate 
to the '• Chicago Convention" of 1864. 

Underivood, Warner £.— Born in 

Goochland County, Virginia, August 7, 
1808; graduated at the University of Vir- 
ginia, where he received the first honors 
in the studies of law, mathematics, and 
the modern languages, in J 830. He re- 
moved to Bowling Green County, Ken- 
tucky, at the age of seventeen ; a lawyer 
by profession, with an extensive practice. 
In 1833 he visited Texas, and spent most 
of the time, until 1840, in that republic. 
He was appointed, by President Lamar, 
Attorney-General for the Eastern District 
of that republic, but held the office only a 
short time, and also declined the offer of 
a place in General Houston's cabinet, be- 
ing unwilling to relinquish his citizenship 
of the United States. In 1848 he was a 
Eepresentative in the Kentucky Legisla- 
ture, and in 1849 a member of the State 
Senate; and was elected a Eepresentative 
to the Thirty-fourth and Thirty-fifth Con- 
gresses, serving as a member of the Com- 
mittee on Engraving. 

Jlpharn, Charles 7F.— Born in St. 
John, New Brunswick, May 4, 1802. He 
commenced life by becoming a merchant's 
clerk; graduated at Harvard College in 



1821 ; in 1824 he was settled over the First 
Church in Salem, Massachusetts; and in 
1844 he relinquished the ministry on ac- 
count of loss of voice. He has also, at 
difierent times, edited the " Christian Ee- 
view " (Unitarian) ; was Mayor of Salem 
in 1852 ; in 1840, 1849, and 1850, was in the 
State Legislature ; in 1851, 1857, and 1858, 
President of the Senate; and he was a 
member of the Thirty-third Congress, 
serving upon the Committee on Post Eoads 
and the Post Office, and was Chairman of 
a Special Committee on the Smithsonian 
Institution. As an author he has been in- 
dustrious, and among his publications are 
the following: "Letters on the Logos;" 
" Lectures on Witchcraft ; " "Life of Sir 
Henry Vane ; " a school " Life of Washing- 
ton;" many Orations and Discourses; 
and "Life of John C. Fremont." 

Tlpham, George B.—Ke graduated 
at Harvard University in 1789; served a 
number of years in the New Hampshire 
Legislature, having been Speaker in 1809 
and 1815; and a Eepresentative in Con- 
gress, from New Hampshire, from 1801 to 
1803. He died February 10, 1848, at Clare- 
mont, New Hampshire, aged seventy-nine 
years- 

Upham, tTabez. — He was born in 
Massachusetts; graduated at Harvard 
University, in 1785; and was a Eepresent- 
ative in Congress, from that State, from 
1807 to 1810, when he resigned. He died 
in 1811. 

Uphain, Kathaniel. —Bovn in Deer- 
field, Eockingham County, New Hamp- 
shire, June 9, 1774. He was educated at 
the schools of his native town, and at 
Phillips's Exeter Academy. At an early 
age he engaged in mercantile pursuits. 
He was a member of the Legislature of 
New Hampshire, and of the Governor's 
Council, from 1811 to 1812; and a Eepre- 
sentative in Congress, from that State, 
from 1817 to 1823. Died in 1829. 

UpJiam, William. — He was born at 
Leicester, Massachusetts, in 1792 ; in 1802 
removed with his father to Vermont; 
spent some time in the University of Ver- 
mont; and was a lawyer by profession. 
He was a member of the Vermont Assem- 
bly in 1827, 1828, and 1830; and was 
State's Attorney, for Washington County, 
in 1829. He was a Senator in Congress, 
from 1843 to the time of his death, which 
occui-red in Washington City, January 14, 
1853. 

Upson, C^cfWes.— Born in Southing- 
ton, Hartford County, Connecticut, March 
19, 1821 ; received a good English educa- 
tion ; removed to Michigan in 1845 ; stud- 
ied law, and came to the bar in 1847 ; in 
1849 and 1850 was County Clerk for St. 
Joseph County; in 1853 aud 1854 waa 



X 



BIOaBAPHICAL BEC0BD8. 



391 



Prosecuting Attorney for the same; in 
1855 and 1856 held tlie office of State Sen- 
ator; in ISGI and 1862 he was Attorney- 
General for Michigan, and was elected a 
Kepresentative from Michigan to the 
Thirty-eighth Congress, serving on the 
Committee on Elections and Unlinished 
Business. Re-elected to the Thirty-ninth 
Congress, serving on the Committees on 
Elections, and Revolutionary Pensions. 
He was also a Delegate to the Philadelphia 
" Loyalists' Convention " of 1866 ; and was 
re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, and 
made Chairman of the Committee on Ex- 
penditures in the Navy Department. 

Vailf George. — He was born in New 
Jersey, and was elected a Representative 
in Congress for the terms between 1853 
and 1857. 

Vail, Henry. — He was born in New 
York, and was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from that State, Irom 1837 to 1839. 
Died June 25, 1833. 

ValJc, Wllliatn IF.— He was born in 

South Carolina, and, on removing to New 
York, was a Representative in Congress, 
from that State, from 1855 to 1857. 

Vallandiglia^n, Clement L. — He 

came of a Huguenot family, and was born 
in New Lisbon, Columbia^Count}', Ohio, in 
^'^Ml822. He received a good education; 
spent one year in JelTerson College, in 
Ohio; spent two years as principal of an 
academj' at Snow Hill, Maryland; re- 
turned to Ohio in 1810; studied law, and 
was admitted to the bar in 1842; was 
elected to the State Legislature in 1815 
and 1846; was editor of the "Dayton Em- 
pire "from 1847 to 1849; for some years 
subsequent to tliat date he devoted himself 
wholly to his profession and politics ; was 
a member of the "National Democratic 
Convention" held at Cincinnati in 1856; 
ran for the Tliirty-flfth Congress against 
L. D. Campbell, whose seat he successfully 
contested ; and he was re-elected to the 
Thirty-sixth Congress. At the com- 
mencement of the second session of the 
Thirty-fifth Congress, and during the 
Thirty-sixth, he was placed on the Com- 
mittee on Territories. Re-elected to the 
Thirty-seventh Congress. In 1863 he was 
arrested i)y military authority for ex- 
pressing his opiuions against the war, 
was banished to the Southern States, and 
by way of Bermuda went to Canada. 
During his exile he was nominated for 
Governor of Ohio, and defeated. He sub- 
. sequently returned, and was al^elegate to 
the " Chicago Convention" of 1864. 

Van Aernam, Henry. — "Was born 
in Marci'llus, Onondaga County, New 
York, March 11, 1819; received an aca- 
demical education, and graduated at a 
medical coHege, adopting the profession 



of surgeon and physician ; held various 
town offices, and was a member of the 
State Legislature in 1858 ; in 1862 was ap- 
pointed Surgeon of the One Hundred and 
Fifty-fourth New York Volunteers, which 
he resigned in 1864; and was elected a 
Representative, from New York, to the 
Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the 
Committee on Invalid Pensions. Re- 
elected to the Fortieth Congress, serving 
on the Committees on Mileage, and Ed- 
ucation in the District of Columbia. 

Van Allen, fTames Q. — He was a 

Representative in Congress, from New 
York, from 1807 to 1809, having been a 
member of the State Assembly, in 1804, 
from Columbia County. 

Van Allen, tTohn E.— YLq was a 

Representative in Congress, from New 
York, from 1793 to 1799, and was a mem- 
ber of the State Assembly in 1800 and 1801, 
from Rensselaer County. 

Van Aulcen, Dennis M.—lle was 
born in Pennsylvania, January 15, 1826; 
graduated at Union College, New York, 
in 1852 ; studied law and came to the bar 
in 1854; elected a Prosecuting Attorney in 
1855; after which he was frequently ap- 
pointed to the same office ; and in 18G6 he 
was elected a Representative, from Penn- 
sylvania, to the Fortieth Congress, serving 
on the Committees on Revolutionary 
Claims, and the Militia. 

Van Suren, John. — He was one of 

the ablest lawyers of the Ulster County 
bar, in New York, and a Representative iu 
Congress, from 1841 to 1843. lie died at 
Kingston, January 16, 1855. 

Van Buren, Marfm.— Was born at 

Kinderhook, New York, Decembers, 1782. 
His father's circumstances were humble, 
and the son was only able to obtain an 
ordinary education at the common school 
and academy of his native village. In 
1796 he left the academy, and commenced 
the study of law. In 1800 he represented 
the Republicans of his native town iu the 
"^Congressional Convention " for that Dis- 
trict. A part of the years 1802 and 1S03 he 
spent in New York, still engaged iu the 
study of his profession, and in November 
of the latter year he was admitted to the 
bar. He still continued to take an active 
part in politics. The first official distinc- 
tion which lie received was conferred upon 
him by Governor Tompkins, who ap- 
pointed him Surrogate of Columbia 
County in 1808. He took his next step 
in public life in 1812. In the spring of 
that year he was elected to the State Sen- 
ate. He continued a member of that body 
until 1820, having been, during that period, 
a supporter of the war and the canal proj- 
ect. A portion of this time he also held 
the office of Attorney-General. He was a 



392 



BIOGBAFHICAL BECOBDS, 



member of the " Constitutional Conven- 
tion" of tiie State of New Yoiii in 1821, 
and in February of the same year lie was 
elected to tlie United States Senate, and 
ro-elected in 1827, serving until 1829. 
The following year the gubernatorial cliuir 
of the State of New York became vacant 
by the death of Governor Clinton, and Mr. 
Van Buren was selected as a candidate 
for that office by the Democratic party of 
the State. He was elected, but liis career 
as Governor was brief. Scarcely was his 
administration commenced, when Presi- 
dent Jackson oflFered him the appointment 
of Secretary of State, and Mr. Van Buren 
at once accepted it. The President ap- 
pointed him Ambassador to England, but 
the Senate refused to confirm the nomina- 
tion. He received a large majority of the 
electoral votes for Vice-President in 1832, 
which office he continued to till during 
President Jackson's term. In 1836 he was 
nominated for the office of President, and 
elected. The principal measure of bis ad- 
ministration was the establishment of the 
Independent Treasury. In 1840 he was 
again nominated for the same office, but 
defeated by the Whig candidate, General 
Harrison. After the close of liis Presi- 
dential term, in ISil, he lived in retire- 
ment at Kinderhook, his place of birth, on 
an estate to which he gave the name of 
Lindenwald. In 1818 he was the Presi- 
dential candidate of the section of the 
Democratic party styling themselves 
"Barnburners," or, on that occasion, 
"Free-soilers," but was unsuccessful. 
Died near Kinderhook, July 24, 1862. 

Yance, Joseph. — He was born in 

Washington County, Pennsylvania, and 
was one of the earliest residents of the 
State of Ohio; served frequently in the 
Legislature of that State ; was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from 1821. to 1835 ; 
Governor of the State in 1836; and again 
in Congress from 1843 to 1847, serving as 
Chairman of. the Committee on Claims. 
In every public position he acquitted him- 
self with ability, and clied near tlie town 
of Urbanna, Ohio, August 24, 1851. 

Vance, Mobert B. — He was born in 
North Carolina, and was a Representative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1823 
to 1825. 

Yance, Zehulon B. — He was born in 

Buncombe County, North Carolina, May 
13, 1830 ; received a limited education, and 
spent one year at the State University, 
through the friendship of its distinguished 
President; he studied law, and was ad- 
mitted to the bar in 1853; in 1854 he was 
elected to the Legislature, from Buncombe 
County; and, on the resignation of Hon. 
T. L. Clingman, in 1858, he was elected 
to succeed him in the Federal House of 
Representatives. Re-elected to the Thirty- 
Bixth Congress, serving on the Committee 



on Revolutionary Claims ; and was Gov- 
ernor of North Carolina from 18G1 to 
18G3. 

Yan Cortlandt, P7iiUj).—B.e served 
through the Revolutionary war as a Colo- 
nel in the New York line, lighting at Sara- 
toga and Bemis Heights ; was a member 
of the State Convention which ratified the 
United States Constitution, and was a 
member of the New York Assembly, from 
Westchester County, in 1788, 1789, and 
1790; of the State Senate from 1791 to 
1794; and a Representative in Congress, 
from New York, from 1793 to 1801). Died 
November 5, 1831, in Westchester County, 
aged ei.ghty-tvvo years. The latter part 
of his life was devoted to agriculture. 

Yan Cortlandt, Jr^, Pierce.— lie 
was a Representative in Congress, from 
New York, from 1811 to 1813, having been 
a member of the State Assembly in 1777. 

Yanderpool, Aaron.— He was bora 

at Kinderhook, Nevv York, February 5, 
1799; received a classical education; he 
studied law, and was admitted to the bar 
in 1820; he served in 1825, 1820, and 1830, 
in the State Legislature; and he was a 
Representative in Congress, from 1833 to 
1837, and again from 1839 to 1841. On his 
retirement from Congress he settled in 
New York City, and was appointed one 
of the Judges of the Superior Court, which 
office he held until 1850. 

Yanderveer, Abraham. — He was 

born in New York, and was a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from that State, from 
1837 to 1839. Died July 20, 1839. 

Yandever, William. — Born in Mary- 
land, and, removing to Iowa, was elected 
a Representative, from that State, to the 
Thirty-sixth Congress, serving as a mem- 
ber of the Committee on Public Lands. 
Re-elected to the Thirty-seventh Con- 
gress. Served also as a Colonel in the 
Union army in 1861. 

Van jyyhe, John. — He was born ia 
New Jersey ; adopted the legal profession ; 
and was a Representative in Congress, 
from that State, from 1847 to 1851. He is 
now a Judge of the Supreme Court of the 
State. 

Yan Dyhe, Nicholas.— Ha was a 
Delegate, from Delaware, to tiie Conti- 
nental Congress, from 1777 to 1782, and 
was a signer of the Articles of Confedera- 
tion. 

Yan DyJce, Nicholas.— Hq gradu- 
ated at Princeton College in 1788 ; was a 
Representative in Congress, from Dela- 
ware, from 1807 to 1811; a Senator in 
Congress from 1817 to 1826; and died in 
May, 1826. 



BIOGUAPHICAL BEC0RD8. 



393 



Van Gaasheck, Peter. — He was a 

EepreseiiUitive in Congress, from New 
York, from 1793 to 1795. 

Van Horn, Burt. — Born in New- 
fane, Niauara County, New York, Oc- 
tober 28, it523 ; was educated at the Mad- 
ison University; was elected to tlie State 
Legislature in 1858, and tiie two following 
years ; was a Representative, from New 
York, in the Thirty seventh Congress, 
serving on the Committees on Private 
Land Claims, Roads and Canals, and as 
Chairman of the Select Committee on the 
Niagara Ship Canal; and in 1864 he was 
re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, 
serving on the Committees on Revolution- 
ary Claims, and Roads and Canals. Re- 
elected to the Fortieth Congress, serving 
as Chairman of the Committee on the 
Niagara Ship Canal, and on those on the 
District of Columbia and Public Build- 
ings and Grounds. 

Van Morn, Itohert T. — Born in 

Indiana County, Pennsylvania, May 19, 
1824 ; received a good English education ; 
adopted the business of a printer; was 
twice Mayor of Kansas City, Missouri, 
and Postmaster of the same; rendered 
military service against the Rebellion 
from 1861 to 1864, as Major and Lieuten- 
ant-Colonel of Volunteers ; was a member 
of the Missouri Senate for three years ; 
and was elected a Representative, from 
Missouri, to the Thirty-ninth Congress, 
serving on the Committee on Indian Af- 
fairs. Re-elected to the Fortieth Con- 
gress, serving on old committees, and 
that on Expenses on Public Buildings; 
and was a Delegate to the " Border States 
Convention," held in Baltimore in 1867. 

Van Some, A rcJiibald.— Re was a 

Eei>resentative in Congress, from Mary- 
laud, from 1807 to 1811. 

Van Home, Espy. — He was born 
in Lycoming County, Pennsylvania, and 
was a Representative in Congress, from 
Pennsylvania, from 1825 to 1829. Died 
at Williamsport, Pennsylvania, July 25, 
1829. 

Van Home, Isaac. — He was a Cap- 
tain in the Revolutionary war, and a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from Pennsyl- 
vania, from 1801 to 1805, and was then 
appointed Receiver of Public Moneys in 
Zanesville, Ohio. 

Van Hotifon, Isaac J5.— He was a 
Eepre^sentative in Congress, from New 
York, from 1833 to 1835. 

Van Metre, John J".— He was a 

Representative in Congress, from Ohio, 
from 1843 to 1845, and a member of the 
Committee on Expenses iu the Navy 
Department. 



Van Ness, Jolm jP.— He Avas bom 
in Ghent, Columbia County, New York, in 
1770. He was educated at Columbia Col- 
lege, and studied law, but gave up the 
practice on account of ill health. He was 
a Representative in Congress, from 1801 
to 1803 ; and, having taken up his resi- 
dence in Washington City, became the 
first President of the Bank of the Metrop- 
olis in 1814; he was also elected Mayor 
of Washington, and, both as a public and 
private citizen, did much to promote the 
prosperity of the seat of government. 
While a member of Congress he received, 
from President Jeflerson, a commission 
as Major of Militia for the District of 
Columbia, which, with the fact that he 
married a Washington lady, was the cause 
of his change of residence. He died iu 
Washington, March 7, 1846. 

Van Hensselaer, Henry.— Re was 
born in Albany, New York; entered West 
Point as a Cadet in 1827 ; was commis- 
sioned a Lieutenant in 1831, but resigned 
the following year ; and was a Represent- 
ative iu Congress, from New York, from 
1841 to 1843. During the Rebellion he 
served in the army as a Colonel, and a 
part of the time on General Scott's staff; 
and died iu St. Louis in 1864. 

Van Rensselaer, JeretniaTi.—Re 

was born in 1741 ; graduated at Princeton 
College in 1758 ; was a patriot of the 
Revolution; Lieutenant-Governor of New 
York, from 1801 to 1804; a Presidential 
Elector in 1801 ; a member of Congress, 
from that State, from 1789 to 1791. He 
died in Albany, February 22, 1810. His 
brother Stephen was also in Congress, 
and known as the " Patroon." 

Van Hensselaer, Klllian K.—Re 
was born in 1763; was a member of Con- 
gress, from New York, from 1801 to 1811, 
after which he retired to private life; and 
died in Albany, June 18, 1845. 

Van Rensselaer, Solomon. — He 

was born in Rensselaer County, New 
York, in 1774; he served as an officer 
under General Wayne in 1794, and was 
wounded through the lungs, and received 
four wounds at the battle of Queenstowa 
Heights. In 1799 he was promoted to the 
rank of Major. He was Adjutant-General 
of New York from 1801 to 1810, and in 
1813. He was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from that State, from 1819 to 1822, 
when lie was appointed Postmaster at 
Albany. He died near Albany, April 23, 
1852. 

Van Rensselaer, Stephen. — Re 

was born in the City of New York, in 
November, 1764, and graduated at the 
University in Cambridge, Massachusetts, 
in 1782; was elected a member of the 
New York Senate iu 1795 ; was six years 



894 



BIOGHAPJIICAL JiECQSDS. 



LlontcuHJit-Oivn-omor of Nt>w York? a 

luombor of Oonnivss ftvm 18^^ to IS^I>. 
It \V!»s by Ills oustlnsr voto \\\ tho Now 
York vloloifjvtlon (hut J. Q. A^lums was 
oUvtovl Tivsivlont la Kobruary. lS:J>^; was 
appoiutovi. in 1810, ono of tho Onurtl Ooiu- 
nu}i^iolUM•s, rtiul. lor the hist tourtotM\ yonrs 
of his UtV, was TivsUlont of tho Hv^ai'vi; 
ami iliirniii" tho last war with Knulaiul 
l\o oounnamlod. with voputatlou, as Ma- 
jor-Gonoral on tho Niagara frontior. Ho 
>vas distiuiiuishod for his wealth aiul inu- 
Mltloont oharltios. ami otvjoyod tho iu- 
horitovl tUlo of Tativon. Ho dlod ftt 
Albany, Jatmary iH>, K^i>i». 

Vonitant. *Toshun.—\\c' was born In 
Marylaml, and was a Koprosontativo In 
Couuross. tVom that Stato. from IS.">;> to 
1S^>>; w;is also tor n»any yoars Trosldont 
of tho Mai'yUuul lustltuto! 

Yttn Trntnp, l*7j»7<»ff<7/)7^.— Howas 

born lu Lanoastov, (Milo. Novombor ir>. 
Iv^lO; roooivovl a ,tiv>od Ku^Usli odnoatlon; 
loarnod tho art of printinj>-. and ovtltod a 
iiowspapor fv»r sovoral yoars in las nativo 
town. Ho stuiUod law. and oamo to tho 
bar in 1S;>8. and booamo tho law-part nor 
of 11. F. 8tanbory. with wliom lio had 
stndiod his protVssion; was a nionihor of 
thO" llaUiaunv Ov>nvontion"of 1SM\ nom- 
inatinjj^ionor (I Soott for tho Trosidonoy ; 
>vas throo timos nominatod by oonvontions 
as a oaudidato t\M" tho 8npronu> r>onoh of 
tho Stato: in ISiii* ho was olooiovl a .Induo 
of tho Conrt of (.\>nuuon Vloas, whloh lio 
lYsi^nod in L^i>t>, niid in that yoar was 
olootod a Koprosontativo. IVoni t.>hlo, to 
tho Fortioth (.\>H!iross. sorvim; on tho 
Oouuvjiitoos on tho Taoillo Railroad, and 
Mannfaottnvs. 

Van I'iilh'cnhtn'fjh, liobert /J.— 

Born in Stonbon l\ninty. Now Yorlv. 8op- 
tonjbor 4, 1S:.M ; avioptod tho profossion 
of law: sorvod throo torms in tho Lou'is- 
latnro of Now York; whon tho Koboliion 
broko ont lio was plaoovi by tho Uovormir 
of Now York in oliarsiv of uifairs at 
Elniira, ai\d tiioro organized sovontoon 
rojiinionts for tho war; ami was olootod a 
Kopivsontativo. tVom Now Y"ork, to tlio 
Tliirty-sovonth Oonjiivss. sorvlny; as riialr- 
luan of tho Oonunitioo on tho ^iilitia. In 
l.'^tJi', wliilo in (.\>ni;ross. ho took oon\- 
inaud.as (.\Uonol. of tho «.>mo Hnndrod and 
Sovonth Uoj^imont Now York Volnntoors, 
and was prosont at tho battJo of Antio- 
tam. Ho was ro-olootod to tho Tlurty- 
oiijhth Oonii'ross. sorvinj; as Chairman of 
tlio Committoos on tho Militia, and Kxpon- 
dilnros in tho Siato Dopartmout. In ISii.") 
lie was appointod, by Frosldont .lohnson. 
Aotinjj (.\Mnmissionor of Indian Atfairs 
dnrinjj tlio absonoo of tho Oomniissionor. 
In Pooombor. lSt!."». ho was appointod, by 
Prosiiiont Johnson, Ministor Kosidont to 
Japan. 



Van If'inKtt*, Vttn- O.—Wix^ born 
In tho City of Now Y"ork. Soptontbor 7. 
ISOS; ro\novovl to I'arkorsbnrjx. now* 
Wosf Viriiinia, in K^W ; was a n\otnbor of 
tlvo Viri«ln;a*"Oonstitntloi\al (.\>nvontlv>n" 
of IS'>0; also of tho " Wlioolinii (.\Mivon- 
tion" of ISol : and also of thoConvontivui 
whioh t'ormod tl\o Consiltntit>n of NYost 
Viruiaia in ISOc'; was a nuMnbor of tho 
l.oijislatnro of that Stato iVom its oriianl- 
/.ation to Jnno. ISiui; and in Novomborof 
that yoar was olootovl a Sonator li\ t\n»- 
jjivss, tVoni Wost Virginia, for tho term 
ondini; in 18tii», sorvlnij on tho Convmlt- 
tooson Finanoo. IVnsions. and Post Oiiloos 
and Tost Koad^. Ho was also a Poloirato 
to tho I'hlladolphla "Loyalists' Convon- 
tion" of K^Oil; and was snbsonnontly 
mado Chairman of tho Oonunlttoo on 
Fonslons. 

Van Wffck, Chnrlea Jff.— Ho was 
olootovl a Koprosontativo. IVom Now York, 
to tho l"hirty-si\th (.\>niiross. sorvin^y; as 
a monibor of tho Committoo v»n Milo.ajjo; 
also olootod to tho Thirty-sovonth Con- 
uross. and appointor! Cliairman of tho 
Commit (00 on iJovornmont Contraots. 
Wlulo in C\uiu»vss ho sorvod in tho \\>lnn- 
toor sorvioo as tlio (.\Monol o( a roiiimont, 
and in ISim ho was appointed a Ibiiiadlor- 
Conoral by brovot. Ho was u Polo^ato to 
tho I'ittshiiri; " Soldiors' (.'onvoniion " of 
U"<i;:>. Ko-olootod to tho Fortioth Con- 
jiross. sorvinij as t^halrman of tho Com- 
mittoo on Kotronohmont. Ho was a Dolo- 
ifato to tho Stato •• Uopnbiioan Cvmvou- 
tion" of lj>i>7. 

Van }}'t/ck, Wiinam 11'.— Ho was 
born in Unohoss c'onnty. Now York, and 
was a Koprosontativo in Congress, A\>iu 
that Stato, trom ISiU to 18-V». 

}'arniiin, thtmes MitchvIL—Mo 
was born in Ibaout. Massaohnsotts, iu 
17»;>; grailnatod at Klhu'.o Island CvOlogo 
inl7r>l>; stndioil law. anil settled in Fast 
tiroenwieli. In 1771 ho ;ieeepted thoeom- 
maiul of a eompany ealled the *"l\.enllsh 
Guaiils." In 1777 was promotoil by Con- 
fiwss to tho rank of l>riiiadier-tn>noral. 
In 1770 ho rosignoil his eommissivMi in the 
army, and tho Letiislatnro appointed hliu 
I^lii^ior-Cxoneral ot Militia. From 1780 to 
178Jliowasa nele^ate lo tho Continen- 
tal t.\niu;ross. alter whioh sorvioo ho ro- 
tnrned to tho praetioo of his prv>fe>sion. 
In 17Si>ho was again a Delegate to Con- 
gress, and served one yoar. ll«*was thou 
appointed Judge of the North-west Terri- 
tory. Uo died in 17i>0. 

I'arnum, tTo7tn.—\U' was a Kep^'^*- 
sentatlvo in Congress, fiom .Massaetui- 
setts. tVom 18l',"» to ISIH. Ho was a nativo 
of Essex County. Massaeluisetts ; edu- 
cated at Harvard I'niversity: jn-aetisod 
law lor some years, at Haveriiill, ^hissa- 



BIOOBAPIIICAL IIECOJIDS. 



395 



cliuH(i(,l>i ; was froquonlly ii i»ctiil)f!r of tlio 
.Sliiti! lA';;i.sliitiir(!. II<; riiinovnd l,<) Nilcs, 
In llic Sliilc of IVIic,lii;;iiii, vvlicrcj li« tiled, 
July uy, 1H1<>, iv^iid KixLy-tlirco your.s. 

Vnrnutn,, Joncph liradley .—\U)n\ 

in 175'.), ill Dracul,, Mas.sacliiiscl.lM ; Ik; was 
u (JiiiHtral ill ilic! U(!v<)liit,i(>iiary war; and 
a llfpn.'.si'iiLaliv*; In (.'oii;j;r(;.s.s rroin 171)5 1,0 
IHI 1, hciii;^ Coiir yttars Spi'akftr, diiriiif; Uk; 
'J'ciiMi and lOlcvciiMi ('oii^^rcsscis. lie vva.s 
cli()S(!ii .S(Mial,or ill 181 1, «orv<;<l 1,ill 1817, 
Mild was l'r(;sl<l(;iifc/vn> tciii,. ol" Dm', SfuiaU;. 
or llu! Mircc (;oiiv(!nLl()iis of Massuclin- 
Kftts li<! was a UHcfiil iiioinhor. Il(! dkid 
HUddctnly, Scptenibor 11, 18i!l, bciiiij Uion 
Mujor-Oeiiorul ofu cllvislou of the Mllltla. 

Venahle, Ahraham, B.—Ua was u 
jrradiiatc of I'riiifx'toii (U>\\i:i^i', In 1780; a 
]{(!pr(;M(;iilallv(! in Conixross, from Vir- 
ginia, from 171)1 to 17'.)!); and a Sciiialor 
of tin; IJnilod States from 180;i to 180). 
He peri.slicd in the coii/la^jration of tlie 
tlieatn; at Ulchmoiid, Virginia, ])eceinl«;r 
'2G, 1811. 

Vfnahle, Abraham W. — Born In 
Prine(! I'^dward (Joiiiity, Vir/^inia, Octolxir 
17, 171)1); f^radnated at llaiiipden (Sidney 
College in 1810; Htndied medielne for two 
yeans, and then went to I'riiieeton (Jol- 
Icge, where he graduated in 1811); he then 
ntudi((d law, and was admitted to the bar 
In North (Carolina, in 1821. He was a 
]'r(!sideiitial lOleetor in ]8.")2, and also in 
18.'J(;; and a lic[)r<;seiitativo in (Congress, 
from Nortli (Carolina, from 1817 to 185:5. 
Jlis father and six unel(!s were in the liev- 
olutionary war, serving their country 
faitlifnlly. He toolc part in the Itebellion 
of 1801 as a member of the so-called (Jon- 
federate Congress, having previously been 
elected a rresideutial Elector. 

VerplancJe, Daniel C. — Ho was 
born in New York, in 1701, and was a Ilep- 
res(!iitativc In Congress, from that Stat';, 
from 1802 to 1801). He Kubsequently 
served for many years as Judge of the 
County Court of Duchess County, New 
York, resigning in 1828, and died near 
Fishkill, March 21), 1834. 

VerplancJe, Oullan C — Born In 
tlie City of New York in August, 1780; 
graduated at Columbia College in 1801; 
piirsueij th<! study of the law; and, after 
his admission to tlie bar, he passed h(!V- 
eral years abroad, in Creat Britain and 
on tlie eontineut. On his return home 
he became Interested in politics, and In 
18H was a candidate of the " malcon- 
tents" in New York for the Assembly. 
In 1811) lie wrote the "State Trium- 
virate, a I'olitieal Tale," being a satire 
on the political parties of tlie day, and 
other works of a wimllar description. In 
1820 he was a prominent member of the 
New York Legislature, ia which he was 



Chairman of tlie Committee on Education. 
He soon al'ter becami! l'rof(!Ssor of Iho 
Kvideiic(!S of (Christianity, in tlie'i'lieolog- 
ical Seminary of the I'roiestuiit lipiscopal 
Cliiirch in New York, and in 1H21 Ik; pulj- 
lislied his " Ivssayx on tin; N.iliirc and 
Us(;s of the various lOvidemtcjsof Ueveal(;d 
Ueligioii," — a work written with simplici- 
ty and elegance. The following y<!ar aj)- 
jieared his " lOssay on the Doctrine of 
Contracts ; Ixtiiig an IiKpiiry how (Joiitracts 
are all'ected, in Law and Morals, by (Jon- 
cealinent, Error, or Iiia(l(;(|U,ate I'rlce." 
Besldf; these works, Ik; coiitribuLed much 
to various iiiiigazimis, and, in coiijuiictioii 
witli Mr. Bryant and Mr. SaiKJs, Ik; pub- 
lished the "Talisman," H sort of annual, 
tiiree volum(!S of which appeared. Eroir* 
1825 lie was for eight years a menilier of 
(Jongress from tin; (Jity of N'ew York, and 
lie was aficrwards, for several years, a 
memberof the New YorkSenale. He.also 
published. In I8;{;j, a collection ol liis dis- 
courses and address(;s on various subjects, 
and in 1811 and 1810 a hainlsome edition 
of Shakespean;. He was a U<;geiit of tho 
University of iiiwv York from January, 
1820, and held many other local odiees. 

Verree, John I*. — Born in Philadel- 
phia, I'eiinsylvania, In 1811); Is an iron 
manufacturer by occupation,— the busines.s 
of his wliole life heretofore; was for six 
years a niemberof the l'liil;ulelp!iia Sel(;ct 
(Jouncil, and f )ur years the pre-.idiiig odl- 
eer of tliat body; and was elected u Rep- 
resentative, frcjin l'(;niisylvania, to the 
Tliirty-sixth (Jongress, s(;rviiig as a mem- 
ber of the (Joinmitt(;e on lievolut'oiiary 
I'eiisions. lie-elected to the Thirty-sev- 
enth (Jongress. 

Vlhbard, fJhauncy. — Was born at 

(ialway, Saratoga (Joiiiity, New York, 
November 11,1811; received a common- 
school education ; was employed fur sev- 
eral years as a clerk in a store, and after- 
wards in a railroad o/Ilce, in Albany; In 
1818 he became the Siiperinteu'leiit of the 
Utica and Sclienectady Railway (Jompaiiy; 
and was afterwards called to the same 
position in the New York (Jeiitral K.'iihvay 
Com[)aiiy, in whicli capacity he continued 
until elected a Kepreseiitative, from New 
York, to the Thirty-seventh (Jongress, 
serving as a m(;mber of the (Jommittee on 
the Post (Jlflce and Post Uoads. 

Vielcem, Oeorf/e.—^lovn In Chester- 
town, Kent County, Maryland, November 
11), 1801; received an academical educa- 
tion; became a Clerk in the odlce of a 
(Jouiity (Jlerk; studied law and came to 
the bar in 18.'52 ; in 18:50 he was a candi- 
date for the State Senate of Maryland; 
Hul)sef(uently declined the appointment of 
Judge tendered by (jioveriiors Hicks and 
Uradford: was a lieh-gate to the "Balti- 
more Convention " of 1852 ; lit 1^04 he was 
a Presidential Elector ; was a memberof 



396 



BIOaBAPHICAL BEQOBDS. 



the State Senate in 1866 and 1867; and in 
18G8 he was elected a Senator in Congress 
from iMarylaiul, for the term endiii<i: in 
1873, in tlie place of P. F. Thomas^ re- 
jected by the Senate. At the commence- 
ment, of the llebellion he received from 
the Governor the appointment of Major- 
General of the Maryland Militia. 

Vining, John, — He was a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from Delaware, from 
1789 to 1792, having voted for locating the 
Seat of Government on the Potomac, and 
a Senator in Congress from 1795 to 1798, 
wlien he resigned. He had previously 
been elected a Delegate to the Coutinen- 
tal Congress from 1781: to 1786. 

Vinton, Samuel i^.— Born at South 
Hadley, Massachusetts, September 25, 
1792. He graduated at Williams College, 
Massachusetts, in ISli; studied law in 
Middletown, Connecticut, and was ad- 
mitted to the bar in 1816, when he removed 
to Ohio, and practised his profession with 
eminent success. lie was first elected a 
Keprescntative in Congress in 1823, and 
served fourteen years, when he declined a 
re-election ; he was re-elected in 1843, and 
served eight years in succession, when lie 
again declined a re-election, and retired to 
private life, where his tastes and wishes 
inclined him to remain. In 181:1 he was 
also a Presidential Elector. While in 
Congress, Mr. Vinton served as Chairman 
of several of the most important commit- 
tees. In 1862 lie was appointed a Com- 
missioner under the act euiancipating the 
slaves in the District of Columbia, and 
died in Washington in May, 1862. 

VoorJiees, Daniel TF.— Was born in 
Fouutaiu County, Indiana, September 26, 
1828; graduated at the Indiana Asbury 
University in 1849; read law, and com- 
menced the practice in 1851; in 1858 he 
was appointed United States District At- 
torney for Indiana by President Uuchanan, 
■which office he held three years; in 185!) 
he was engagetl in the defence of John E. 
Cook, at Harper's Ferry, for participation 
in the John Brown raid. In 1860 he was 
elected a Representative, from Indiana, to 
the Thirty-seventh Congress, serving on 
the Committee on Elections, and was re- 
elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, 
serving on the same committee. Occa- 
sionally, by way of relieving the monoto- 
ny of professional life, he is in the habit 
of addressing literary societies on sub- 
jects of general interest. Re-elected to 
the Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the 
Committee on Appropriations, but his seat 
was successfully contested by H. D. 
Washburn. 

Vose, Moger.—Re graduated at Har- 
vard University in 1790; was for many 
years Chief Justice of the Court of Coui- 
mou Pleas in New Hampshire ; and was a 



Representative, in Congress, from that 
State, from 1813 to 1817 ; and died April 
17, 1842. 

Vroom, Peter 2>.— He was born in 
New Jersey; graduated at Columbia Col- 
lege, New York; and was a Representa- 
tive in Congress, from New Jersey, from 
1839 to 1841. He was also Governor of 
New Jersey from 1829 to 1832, and for a 
second term from 1833 to 1836 ; and a 
member of the " State Constitutional Con- 
vention" of 1844. In 1852 he was a Pres- 
idential Elector, and in 1853 he was ap- 
pointed Minister to Prussia. He was 
also a Delegate to the " Peace Congress" 
of 1861. 

Wade, Benjamin F. — He was born 

in Feeding Hills Parish, Massachusetts, 
October 27, 1800; received a limited edu- 
cation, and commenced active life by 
teaching school and attending to agricul- 
tural pursuits in Ohio, to which State he 
removed when twenty-one years of age ; 
he studied law, and was admitted to the 
bar in 1828, and held the various positions 
of Justice of the Peace, Prosecuting At- 
torney for Ashtabula County, State Sena- 
tor, and President of a Judicial Circuit. 
In 1851 he was elected a Senator in Con- 
gress, from Ohio, for the term ending in 
1857 ; and he was re-elected for a second 
and third term, ending in 1869, serving as 
Chairman of the Couunittee on Territo- 
ries and of the Specinl Committee on the 
Conduct of the War, and as a meuiber 
of the Committees on Foreign Relations 
and on the District of Columbia. He was 
also a Delegate to the Philadelphia " Loy- 
alists' Couvention" of 1866; and on the 
meeting of the Fortieth Congress he was 
chosen President of the Senate pro tern. 
His father was a soldier, who fought in 
every battle of the Revolution from Bun- 
ker Hill to Yorktown. 

Wade, Edward. — He was born in 

West Springtield, Massachusetts, Novem- 
ber 22, 1803, and received a common-school 
education; he removed with his lather to 
Andover, Ashtabula County, Ohio, in 1821, 
where he remained until 1824, and en- 
gaged in clearing the land. He studied law 
in Albany and Troy, New York, and was 
admitted to the bar in Jefferson, Ohio, in 
1827, and was elected Justice of the Peace 
in that county; in 1832 he removed to 
Unionville, and remained until 1837, and 
finally settled in Cleveland. He was 
elected a Representative from Ohio in the 
Thirty-Third Congress, to which position 
he has been re-elected, serving in the 
Thirty-sixth Congress on the Committee 
on Commerce. 

Wadsworth, J'ames. — He was a 
Delegate, from Connecticut, to tae Con- 
tinental Congress, from 1783 to 1786. 



BIOOBAPIIICAL BECOEDS. 



397 



Wadsivorth, J'ereiniaJi.—B.e was 

a Delegate, from Connecticut to the Con- 
tinental Congress, from 1786 to 1788, and 
a Representative in Congress, from that 
State, from 1780 to 1795. Died in 1804, 
aged sixty years. 

Wadsworth, Peleg.— Was born la 
Duxbury, Massachusetts, May 6, 1748 ; 
graduated at Harvard College in 1769, and 
afterwards engaged in commercial pur- 
suits. He joined the army as Captain of 
a company of minute men, atRoxbury, in 
the beginning of the war, and by his skill 
and courage rose rapidly in the service. 
He was second in command of the forces 
sent to Penobscot by Massachusetts in 
1779, on which occasion he displayed great 
courage, and was taken prisoner. He 
rose to the rank of Brigadier-General. 
After the war, in 1784, he established Jiim- 
self in Portland, Maine, in mercantile 
business; and was employed much in sur- 
veying, in which he was quite skilful. In 
1792 he was elected a Senator in the Leg- 
islature of Massachusetts, and the same 
year was chosen the first Representative 
in Congress from his district. He was 
successively re-elected until 1806, when 
he declined a further nomination. In 
1798 the citizens of Portland gave him a 
public dinner in approbation of his con- 
duct as their Representative. In 1807 he 
removed to the County of Oxford, Maine, 
to improve a large tract of land granted 
to him by government for his services. 
Here he passed the remainder of his daj^s 
in retirement, enjoying the respect of a 
large circle of his friends and fellow-citi- 
zens. He died in 1829. 

Wadsivorth, William H. — Was 

born in Maysville, Mason County, Ken- 
tucky, July 4, 1821, but came of the old 
family of Wadsworths who founded the 
city of Hartford, Connecticut. lie re- 
ceived his education from the Maysville 
Seminary and the Augusta College of 
Kentucky; adopted the profession of law; 
sat in the Senate of Kentucky in 1853 and 
1855 ; was a Presidential Elector in 1860, 
presiding over the Electoral College ; and 
was elected a Representative, from Ken- 
tucky, to the Thirty-seventh Congress, 
serving on the Committee on Naval Af- 
fairs. Re-elected to the Thirt.v-eighth 
Congress, serving on the Committee on 
Public Lands and the Joint Committee on 
the Library. 

Wagener, David 2>.— He was born 
in Pennsylvania, and was a Representa- 
tive in Congress, from that State, from 
1833 <"o 1841. He was amerohant, and for 
manj years President of the Easton Bank. 
Died at Easton, Pennsylvania, October 1, 
1860. 

Wagganiann, George ^.— He was 

Secretary of State of Louisiana under 



three administrations; held various other 
public positions; and Avas a Senator in 
Congress from 1831 to 1835. lie died at 
New Orleans, March 23, 1843, from the 
effects of a wound received in a duel, aged 
fifty-three years. 

Wagner, Peter J".— -He was born in 
New York, and was a Representative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1839 
to 1841. 

WaJceman, Ahrafiain. — Born in 
Fairfield, Connecticut, May 31, 1824. He 
received a district-school education ; when 
sixteen 3'ears of age he removed to New 
Rochelle, New York, and taught school ; 
he subsequently attended an academy in 
Herkimer County as pupil, working a pari; 
of the time on a farm to pay his expenses ; 
he then went into the wilderness and took 
charge of a saw-mill: after that he went 
into the business of selling books by sub- 
scription, travelling through much of the 
Union ; in 1844 he commenced the study 
of the law in Herkimer County, New York ; 
went to New York City in 1846, and was 
admitted to the bar in 1847; in 1850 he 
was elected to the Legislature ; re-elected 
in 1851 ; in 1854 was elected an Alderman 
in New York, serving two years; and in 
1856 was elected a Representative to the 
Thirty-tifih Congress. He has also fre- 
quently served as a member of State Con- 
ventions. 

Walbridge, David S. — Born in 
Bennington, Vermont, July 30, 1802'; re- 
ceived his education from the common 
schools of the vicinity; has devoted him- 
self to the various employments of the 
farmer, the merchant, and the miller; he 
removed to Michigan in 1842; and was 
elected a Representative in Congress, 
from that State, in 1854, and served until 
1859. 

Walbridge, Menry S. — He was a 

Representative in Congress, from New 
York, from 1851 to 1853. 

Walbridge, JEEiram. — Born at Ith- 
aca, Tompkins County, New York, Febru- 
ary 2, 1821; commenced life by learning 
the trade of a mechanic ; subsequently re- 
ceived a good education at the Ohio Uni- 
versity ; when twenty-three years of age 
was elected Brigadier-General of the Ohio 
Militia; and, removing to New York Cit^', 
was elected a Representative in Congress 
from New York, serving from 1853 to 
1855. In 1865 he was President of the 
"Commercial Convention" held in De- 
troit; and he was also Delegate to the 
Philadelphia "Loyalists' Convention " of 
1866. 

Walden, Hiram.— He was born in 
Rutland County, Vermont, August 29, 
1800, received a limited education, and, 



398 



BIOOBAPHIOAL BEG0BD8, 



having removed with his father to New 
York, devoted himself to the business of 
cloth-dressing and wool-carding ; he took 
an interest in military affairs, and at- 
tained the office of Major-General of 
Militia; in 1836 he was elected to the 
State Legislature ; in 1842 he was elected 
a Supervisor in the County of Schoharie ; 
and was a Representative in Congress, 
from New York, from 1849 to 1851. 

Waldo, JLorin JP. — Was born in Can- 
terbury, Windham County, Connecticut, 
February 2, 1802; received a thorough 
English education in the common schools, 
and pursued the study of the classics to 
some extent under private instructors; 
read law, and was admitted to practice in 
the courts of the State of Connecticut, in 
September, 1825 ; located in Tolland Coun- 
ty, Connecticut, where he was State's At- 
torney from 1837 to 1849 ; was two years 
Judge of the Court of Probate in his dis- 
trict, and six years a member of the Legis- 
lature of his State. In April, 1849, he 
was elected to the Thirty-first Congress, 
and served the term. In 1852 he was 
elected Commissioner of the School Fund 
of Connecticut; was, in March, 1853, ap- 
pointed, by President Pierce, Commis- 
sioner of Pensions ; and in June, 1855, was 
elected, by the Legislature of Connecti- 
cut, to the office of Judge of the Supreme 
Court. He was also a Delegate to the 
Philadelphia " National Union Conven- 
tion " of 18G6. 

Waldron, Henry, — He was born in 

Albany, New York, ' October 11, 1819; 
graduated at Rutgers College, New Bruns- 
wick, New Jersey, in July, 1830; became 
a civil engineer by profession ; was elected 
to the Legislature of Michigan in 1843; 
and served as a Representative in Con- 
gress during the years 1855, 185G, 1857, 
and 1858, and was a member of the Com- 
mittee on Mileage. He was re-elected to 
the Thirty-sixth Congress, serving on the 
Committee on Territories. 

Wales, George E. — He was born in 
Windham County, Vermont ; and was a 
Representative in Congress, from Ver- 
mont, from 1825 to 1829. He also served 
six years in the State Legislature, and 
was Speaker in 1823 and 1824 ; and was 
Judge of Probate, for Hartford County, 
from 1843 to 1848. 

Wales, John. — He was a Senator in 
Congress, from Delaware, from 1849 to 
1851, in place of John M. Clayton, re- 
signed. Died December 3, 1863. 

Walker, Amasa.—He was born in 
Woodstock, Connecticut, May 4, 1799; 
adopted the mercantile business; was a 
member of the State Legislature in 1849 ; 
a State Senator in 1850; Secretary of 
State in 1851 and 1852 ; a member of the 



"State Constitutional Convention" of 
1853 ; and was elected a Representative, 
from Massachusetts, to the Thirty-seventh 
Congress, for the unexpired term of G. F. 
Bailey, deceased. He was a Presidential 
Elector in 1860; and a Delegate to the 
Philadelphia " Loyalists' Convention " of 
1866. He was also at one time a member 
of the Massachusetts Legislature ; and 
was the author of a work on the " Science 
of Wealth." 

Walker, JBenjatnin. — He was a 

Representative in Congress, from New 
York, from 1801 to 1803. 

Walker, David. — He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Kentucky, 
from 1817 to 1820. Died March 1, 1820, 
having sent a request to Congress, that 
his death should not be officially noticed, 
which request was complied with. 

Walker, Felix, — He was born in 
Hampshire County, Virginia, July 19, 
1753, and was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from North Carolina, from 1817 to 
1823; was the friend and companion of 
Daniel Boone, when he explored Ken- 
tucky and founded Boonsborough ; he 
served as a soldier in the Indian wars in 
the Carolinas; settled in Tryou County, 
North Carolina ; and was for many years 
in the State Legislature ; and, subsequent- 
ly re moving to the State of Mississippi, he 
died there in 1830. 

Walker, Francis. — He was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from Virginia, 
from 1793 to 1795. 

Walker, Freeman. — He was a Sen- 
ator in Congress, from Georgia, from 1819 
to 1821, and resigned. 

Walker, George.— Re was a Sen- 
ator in Congress, from Kentucky, from 
1814 to 1815, by appointment of the 
Governor, and was succeeded by W, 
T. Barry, appointed by the Legislature. 

Walker, Isaac JP.— He was a Sen- 
ator in Congress, from Wisconsin, from 
1848 to 1855, and Chairman of the Com- 
mittee on Revolutionary Claims. In 1841 
he was a Presidential Elector. 

Walker, John. — He was a Senator 
in Congress, from Virginia, during the 
year 1790, by appointment, but was super- 
seded by J. Monroe. He was one of 
those who voted for locating the Seat of 
Government on the Potomac. 

Walker, John IF.— He graduated at 
Princeton College in 1806 ; was a Senator 
in Congress, from Alabama, from 1819 to 
1822; and died in April, 1823. He re- 
signed his seat in Congress on account of 



BIOaBAPHICAL BECOBDS. 



399 



ill health. It was said that he sometimes 
addressed the Senate when it was thought 
he would die before finishing. 

Waneer, Percy,— Born near Hunts- 
ville, Alabama; received an academic 
education, and in 1835 graduated in the 
medical department of the University of 
Pennsjdvania, and removed to Mobile. 
He served as an officer in a Volunteer 
company during the Creek war. He after- 
wards studied law as a profession, and 
was admitted to the bar in 1842; he was 
elected by the Legislature to the office of 
State's Attorney for the Sixth Judicial 
Circuit, which lie held four years. In 
1889, 1847, and 1853, he represented Mobile 
County in the General Assembly ; and in 
1855 was elected a Representative, from 
Alabama, to the Thirty-fourth Congress. 
At the next election he declined being a 
candidate, and resumed the practice of 
law. 

Walker, Hohert «7.— Was born at 
Northumberland, in the State of Peunsjd- 
vania, in 1801. He entered the University 
of Pennsylvania, in Philadelphia, where 
he graduated, in 1819. On leaving college, 
he settled in Pittsburg, studied law, and 
was admitted to practice in 1821. He in- 
tei-ested himself in politics at a very early 
period, and became Chairman of a Demo- 
cratic Committee, during a State election, 
when only twenty-two years of age. A 
year or two later he took part in the move- 
ment in favor of nominating General Jack- 
son to the Presidency, and was instru- 
mental in bringing about the action of the 
"Harrisburg Convention," which nomi- 
nated Jackson for that oflice in 1821. In 
the spring of 182G he moved to the State of 
Mississippi. He uniformly refused politi- 
cal office until 1836, when he was chosen 
a Senator in Congress, serving until 1845. 
In that body he was one of the leaders of 
his party. In March, 1845, on President 
Polk's accession to office, he was called 
upon to take charge of the Treasury De- 
partment, which he administered for four 
years. He subsequently visited England, 
where he met with flattering attentions. 
After having been for some years out of 
the pale of politics, he was appointed, by 
President Buchanan, in 1857, Governor of 
the Territory of Kansas, which office he 
resigned. He was also a Delegate to the 
Phiiadephia " National Union Conven- 
tion " of 18G6. 

Walker, William ^.— He was "born 
in New Hampshire ; and was a Represent- 
ative, in Congress, from New York, from 
1853 to 1855. Died at New York, Decem- 
iDer 18, 1861. 

Wall, Garret X).— Born in Mon- 
mouth County, New Jersey, March 10, 
1783 ; received an academical education, 
and in 1798 commenced the study of law 



at Trenton ; in 1804 was licensed as an at- 
torney, and in 1807 as counsellor at-law. 
Was appointed Clerk of the Supreme 
Court, in 1812, which office he held for 
five years. He commanded a Volunteer 
company at the defence of Sandy Hook in 
the war of 1812; and was Quartermaster- 
General of the State from 1815 to 1837. 
In 1827 he Avas elected to the General 
Assembly. In 1829 was appointed United 
States District Attorney for New Jei'sey; 
and the same year elected Governor of 
the State, by the Legislature, but declined 
the appointment. He was a member of 
the United States Senate fi'om 1835 to 
1841. In 1843 his health was greatly im- 
paired by a stroke of paralysis ; but in 
1848 he was appointed Judge of the Court 
of Errors and Appeals, which office he 
occupied until his death, which occurred 
in Burlington, New Jersey, November 22, 
1850. His disease was dropsy on the 
chest. 

Wall, J'aines 7F.— Was born in 
Trenton. New Jersey, in 1820; his father. 
Garret D. Wall, having been a Senator 
before him; graduated at Princeton Col- 
lege, in 1839; studied law, and com- 
menced the practice in Trenton ; his first 
public position was that of Commissioner 
of Bankruptcy ; in 1847 he settled in Bur- 
lington, and devoted some attention to 
literary pursuits ; in 1850 he was elected 
Mayor of Burlington ; and in 1854 he vis- 
ited Europe, and published a volume, 
entitled " Foreign Etchings ; or. Visits to 
the Old World's Pleasant Places." Dur- 
ing the early part of the Rebellion he 
wrote against the administration in power, 
for interfering with the freedom of the 
press, and was imprisoned for a few 
weeks, in Fort Lafaj'^ette, and on his re- 
lease was welcomed home with great 
enthusiasm by his fellow-citizens ; and in 
January, 1863, he was elected a Senator 
in Congress, from New Jersey, for tlie 
unexpired term of John W. Thompson, 
deceased, but which seat was for a short 
time occupied by R. S. Field. 

Wall, William, — Was born in Phila- 
delphia, March 20, 1801 ; served seven 
years as an apprentice to a ropemaker ; 
removed to King's County, Long Island. 
in 1822, where he followed his business 
of ropemaking so successfully that when 
he gave it up in 1856 he had acquired a 
large fortune. While thus engaged in 
active business, he was called upon to fill 
a great number of local offices, such as 
Commissioner of Highways, School Trus- 
tee, Supervisor, Commissioner of AVater- 
works, etc. ; and in 1860 he was elected a 
Representative from New York to the 
Thirty-seventh Congress, serving on the 
Committees on Revolutionary Claims, and 
Expenditures on Public Buildings. He 
was also a Delegate to die Philadelphia 
"Loyalists' Convention" of 1860. 



400 



BIOGBAPBIOAL BECOBDS. 



Wallace, Daniel. — He was born in 
South Carolina, aud was a Representative 
in Congress, from tiiat State, from 1847 to 
1853. 

Wallace, David.— Be was born'in 
Philadelphia, April 4, 1799 ; graduated at 
West Point in 1821, and served for a time 
as Professor of Mathematics. In 1828 he 
was a member of the Indiana Legislature ; 
elected Lieutenant-Governor of the State 
in 1830 and in 1833; Governor of the 
State from 1837 to 1840 ; aud was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Indiana, from 
1841 to 1843; and subsequently to his ser- 
vice in Congress was Prosecuting Attor- 
ney for tlie State; a member of the " State 
Constitutional Convention ;" and in 1856 
was elected Judge of the Court of Com- 
mon Pleas at Indianapolis, where he died, 
September 5, 1859. 

Wallace, J^anies 31.— Re was born 
in Dauphin County, Pennsylvania, and 
was a Representative in Congress, from 
that State, from 1815 to 1821. It is said 
he always protested against the initial M. 
in his name, but never got rid of it in the 
Journals of Congress. 

Wallace, tTohn ?F.— He was born 
in Pennsylvania, and elected a Represent- 
ative, from that State, to the Thirty- 
seventh Congress, serving on the Com- 
mittee on Claims. 

Wallace, Williatn B".— Born in 
Miami County, Ohio, July 17, 1811; spent 
his early life in Indiana; removed to Iowa 
in 1837 ; was elected to the State Legisla- 
ture of Iowa, and served as Speaker; 
and also as President of the State Coun- 
cil; was appointed, by President Taylor, 
Receiver of Public Moneys at Fairfield, 
Iowa; removed to Washington Territory 
in 1853; served several sessions in the 
Territorial Legislature ; was appointed, 
in 1861, by President Lincoln, Governor 
of Washington Territory; was elected a 
Delegate therefrom to the Thirty-seventh 
Congress; was appointed the first Gov- 
ernor of Idaho Territory; and re-elected 
to the Thirty-eighth Congress, as a Dele- 
gate from Idaho. He was a member of 
the National Committee to accompany the 
remains of President Lincoln to Illinois. 
He was also a Delegate to the Philadel- 
phia "National Union Convention " of 
1866. 

Walley, Samuel JET.— Born in Bos- 
ton, Massachusetts, August 81, 1805 ; 
fitted for college at Andover Academy; 
graduated at Harvard College in 1826; 
studied law ; officiated for twenty years as 
Treasurer of a savings bank in Boston for 
the benefit of seamen; was also Treasurer, 
for along time, of a railroad in Vermont, 
and one in New York ; he was also a mem- 



ber of the State Legislatai'e for eight 
sessions, and Speaker of the House for 
two years ; and a Representative in Con- 
gress from 1853 to 1855. On his return 
from Washington he was the Whig can- 
didate for Governor of Massachusetts, 
but was defeated; was a Bank Commis- 
sioner in 1858 ; and in 1859 became Presi- 
dent of the Revere Bank, of Boston. 

Wain, Moberi. — He was a prominent 
merchant in Philadelphia, and a member 
of Congress, from Pennsylvania, from 
1798 to 1801, first for the unexpired term 
of John Swanwick, and was re-elected. 
Died January 24, 1836, aged seventy-one 
years. 

Walsh, Milce, — Born in Yanghull. 
Ireland, but brought to this country when 
a child ; spent his boyhood as a wanderer ; 
conducted a paper in New York called the 
" Subterranean," in which he published 
certain libels, for which he was impris- 
oned two years ; aud he was a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from New York, from 
1853 to 1855. He subsequently visited 
Europe, and also Mexico, and on March 
17, 1859, was found dead in the yard of a 
public house in New York. The cause of 
his death is unknown. 

Walsh, Thomas Y.—He was a na- 
tive of Maryland, aud a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1851 to 
1853. 

Walton, Charles TT.— Was born in 
Mexico, Oxford County, Maine, December 
9, 1819; was bred a printer; studied law, 
and was admitted to the bar in 1843; in 
1847 was elected Attorney for Oxford 
County, which he held for four years ; re- 
moving to Androscoggin County in 1855, 
was elected Attorney for that count}' iu 
1857, which office he held until 18G0, when 
he was elected a Representative from 
Maine to the Thirty-seventh Congress, 
sei'ving on the Committee on Private 
Land Claims. In May, in 1862, he re- 
signed his seat in Congress, aud was ap- 
pointed, by the Governor, a Judge of the 
Supreme Court of Maine. 

Walton, E. JP. — Born at Montpelier, 
Vermont, February 17, 1812 ; studied law, 
but was- a practical printer and editor, 
having for several years edited the " Ver- 
mont Watchman ; " he served in the State 
Legislature, as Representative, one term ; 
and was then elected a Representative to 
the Thirty-fifth Congress, and was a mem- 
ber of the Committee on Public Expendi- 
tures. He was also re-elected to the 
Thirty-sixth and Thirty-seventh Congress- 
es, serving as a member of the Comnuttee 
on Claims, and Chairman of that on Print- 
ing. He was also a Delegate to the " Bal- 
timore Convention " of 1864, and, to the 
Philadelphia "Loyalists' Convention" of 



BIOGBAFIIICAL BEC0BD8. 



401 



186C. After leaving Can,2:ress he resumed 
the editorship of his journal in Montpe- 
lier, Vermont. 

Walton, George.— Vie was a native 
of Viri::inia; born in 1740; he sei'ved an 
apprenticeship to the carpenter's trade, 
after the expiration of which he removed 
to Georgia, studied law, and was admitted 
to the bar in 1774:. He was one of the 
four individuals wlio called a public meet- 
ing at Savannah to concert measures for 
the defence of the country in 1774 ; was 
one of the committee who prepared a pe- 
tition to the king, and drew up the 
patriotic resolutions adopted on that oc- 
casion. He was active in promoting the 
Eevolution at home, and, in 1776 was a 
Delegate to Congress, from Georgia, and 
a signer of the Declaration of Indepen- 
dence, and of the articles of Confeder- 
ation. When the enemy attacked Savannah 
he was dangerously wounded, and taken 
prisoner, but was released in 1779, and 
the same year was chosen Governor of 
the State ; in 1780 was again sent to Con- 
gress ; and in 1783 was appointed Cliief 
Justice of the State; in 1787 was a Dele- 
gate to the Convention for framing the 
Constilution of the United States, but de- 
clined taking his seat; in 1789 he was a 
Presidential Elector; in 1793 was again 
Judge of the Supreme Court; and in 1795 
was elected to succeed James Jackson as 
a Senator in Congress, but was super- 
seded by J. Tatnali. He died February 2, 
1804. 

Walton, Matthew.— Tie was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from Kentucky, 
from 1803 to 1807, and a Presidential 
Elector in 1809. Died January 18, 1819. 

Walworth, Reuben Mi/de. — He 

was born at Bozrah, Connecticut, in Octo- 
ber, 1789. He spent his earlier 3'ears on a 
farm, and had few advantages of education. 
He commenced the study of law at the age 
of seventeen, and when twenty was ad- 
mitted to practice, and when twenty-two 
was licensed as an attorney of the Supreme 
Court of New York. He settled atPlatts- 
burg, in 1811, and held successively the 
offices of Master in Chancery, officer of 
militia during the siege of Plattsburg, in 
1814, and Adjutant Genei'al of the com- 
bined forces, having as such participated 
in the battles of Beekmanstown and Pike's 
Cantonment. He was a member of the 
House during the Seventeenth Congress, 
declined a re-election, and was appointed 
a Circuit Judge in 1823 ; and in 1828 he 
was made Chancellor of the State of New 
York which he held for twenty years, 
when the office was abolished. His opin- 
ions as Chancellor were published in four- 
teen volumes, while his other opinions 
occupy as many more. From Yale College 
he received the degree of LL.D. Died in 
Saratoga, November 28, 1867. 
26 



Ward, Aaron, — He was born at 
Sing Sing, New York, July 5, 1790; was 
educated at Mount Pleasant Academy, and 
adopted the profession of law. He served, 
in 1813, in the regular army as a Captain ; 
was, for a time after the war, Di.xtrict 
Attorney for the County of Westchester, 
and subsequently attained the position of 
Major-General of the New York Militia. 
His terms of service as a Representative 
in Congress were from 1825 to 1829, from 
1831 to 1837, and from 1841 to 1843. In 
1846 he was a Delegate to the " State Con- 
stitutional Convention ;" in 1853 he visited 
Europe, where he spent two years ; and on 
his return he published a book of travels. 
While in Congress, and after his retire- 
ment, he did all in his power to secure a 
good education for the children of sol- 
diers. Died in Georgetown, D. C, March 
2, 1867. i 

Ward, Arteinas. — Graduated at 
Harvard CoUege in 1748. He was a Rep- 
resentative in the Massachusetts Legisla- 
ture; a member of the Common Council 
of Boston ; and a Judge of the Court of 
Common Pleas for the County of Worces- 
ter. June 17, 1775, he was appointed 
Major-General of the American Arraj% and 
was instrusted with the command of the 
right wing of the troops stationed at Rox- 
bury for the siege of Boston. He was a 
Delegate to the Provincial Congress, and 
a Representative in the United States Con- 
gress, from Massachusetts, from 1791 to 
1795. He was much esteemed by Wash- 
ington, and although he resigned his com- 
mission in April, 1776, yet, at the request 
of the Commander-in-Chief he continued 
some time longer in the service. He was 
a man of exemplary piety and incorrupti- 
ble integrity. After a long and patient 
endurance of many sufferings, he died, 
October 28, 1800, aged seventy-three 
years. 

Ward, Artemas. — He was a native 
of Massachusetts, and born in 17C3; grad- 
uated at Harvard University in 1783; he 
studied law and was admitted to practice, 
and soon became eminent in his profession. 
He was elected a Representative in Con- 
gress, from Massachusetts, from 1813 to 
1817; in 1821 he was appointed Chief Jus- 
tice of the Court of Common Pleas, which 
office he held for nineteen years. He died 
in Boston, October 7, 1847. He was hon- 
ored with the degree of LL.D from Har- 
vard University. 

Ward, A. H.—lle was elected a Rep- 
resentative, from Kentucky, to the Thirty- 
ninth Congress, for the unexpired term of 
G. C. Smith resigned, serving on the 
Committee on Mileage and the Militia. 

Ward, Elijah.— Re was born in Sing 
Sing, New York, September 16, 1816; re- 
ceived an academic education, and was 



4.02 



BIOGBAPIIICAL BEC0BD8. 



bred a merchant, chiefly in the city of 
New York, where lie was President of the 
Mercantile Library Association in 1839; 
he studied law at the University of New 
York, and was admitted to the bar in 1843 ; 
He was elected a Representative, from New 
York, to the Thirty-fifth Conairess, serving 
on the Committee on the District of Co- 
lumbia. In 18G0 he was re-elected to the 
Thirty-seventh Congress, and in 1862 to 
the Thirty-eighth Congress, serving on the 
Committees on Eoads and Canals, and on 
Commerce. 

War^d, Hafnilton.— lie was born in 
Salisbury, Herkimer County, New York, 
Jaly 3, 1829 ; received a liberal education ; 
studied lavv and came to the bar at Coop- 
erstowu in 1851, settling, in the practice 
of his profession, at Belmont, Alleghany 
County; in 1856 he was elected District 
Attorney for said county, holding the 
office tliree years, and was re-elected in 
1862; during that year under an appoint- 
ment of the Governor, he was active in 
raising and organizing the State troops; 
and in 186i he was elected a Representa- 
tive, from New York, to the Tliirty-ninth 
Congress, serving on the Committees on 
Claims, and on Accounts. Re-elected to 
the Fortieth Congress, serving on the 
Committee on the Assassination of Presi- 
dent Lincoln ; and Chairmin of the Com- 
mittee on Revolutionary Claims ; and he 
was also a Delegate to the " State Repub- 
lican Convention" of 1867. 

Ward, Jonathan,— B.Q was a native 
of New York, and a Representative in 
Congress, from 1815 to 1817, having been 
a State Senator, from Westchester County, 
from 1807 to 1810. 

Ward, Matthias.— TIq was born in 
Elbert County, Georgia, but grew up to 
manhood in Madison County, Alabama. 
He received an academic education; was 
a school-teacher for two years ; studied 
law and became a citizen of the Republic 
of Texas in 1836. He served a number of 
years in the Congress of that Republic, 
and when it became a State was elected 
to the Legislature as a Senator. He was a 
member of the two conventions which 
nominated Mr. Pierce and Mr. Buchanan 
for the office of President; in 1856 he was 
chosen President of the State Democratic 
Convention held at Austin; and in 1858 
was appointed a Senator in Congress, 
from Texas, for the term ending in 1863. 
Died at Raleigh, North Carolina, October 
13, 1861. 

Wardf Samuel. — A native of Rhode 
Island ; was honorably associated in the 
struggle for American Independence. 
He was a Delegate to the Continental 
Congress, from Rhode Island, from 1774 
to 1776, and died in Philadelphia, March 



25, 1776, while attending a session of Con- 
gress. 

Ward, Thomas. — Was a Represent- 
ative in Con^'ress, from New Jersey, from 
1813 to 18177 He died at Newark, New 
Jersey, February 4, 1842, aged eighty- 
three. 

Ward, WllUajn T;— He was born in 
Kentucky ; and was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1851 to 
1853. 

Wardwell, Daniel. — Was born in 
Bristol, Rhode Island, in 1791, his father 
having fought in the Revolution; gradu- 
ated at Brown University in 1811; soon 
afterwards removed to Rome, New York, 
where he studied law and was admitted to 
the bar; was four times elected to the 
Legislature of his adopted State; was, for 
several years. Judge of a County Court; 
and he was a Representative in Congress, 
from New York, from 1831 tb 1837, serving 
as Chairman of the Committee on Revolu- 
tionary Pensions. 

Ware, Nicholas. — He was a Senator 
in Congress, from Georgia, from 1821 to 
the time of his death, wiiich occurred in 
New York City, September 7, 1824. 

Warfleld, Henry U.— Was born in 
Anne Arundel County, Maryland; and 
was a Representative in Congress, from 
that State, from 1819 to 1825. On the 
morning of March 18, 1839, he was found 
dead in his bed at Frederick, Maryland. 

Warner, Hiram. — Born in Hamp- 
shire County, Massachusetts, October 29, 
1802; he received a good common-school 
education, with some knowledge of the 
classics, and emigrated to Georgia at the 
age of seventeen, and there taught school 
for three years ; with his earnings he was 
enabled to study the profession of law, 
and was admitted to practice in 1825, and 
opened an office at Knoxville, in Crawford 
County. From 1823 to 1831 he was a Rep- 
resentative in the General Assembly, and 
declined a re-election. In 1833 he was 
elected by the Legislature one of the 
Judges of the Superior Courts of the State, 
and was i-eappoiuted in 1836, holding the 
office until 1840. From that time till 1845 
he was engaged in a lucrative practice, and 
was that year appointed one of tlie Judges 
of the Supreme Court, serving for eight 
years, and then resigned. In 1855 he was 
elected a Representative in the Thirty- 
fourth Congress, and declined a re-election 
in 1857. 

Warner, Samuel L. — Born in 
Wethersfleld, Connecticut, in 1829; re- 
ceived an academical education and set- 
tled in Middletown ; prepared himself for 



BIOGRAPHICAL BEGORDS. 



403 



the legal profession by a course of study 
at the Yule and Harvard law schools, com- 
ing to the bar in 1853 ; in the latter part 
of that year he was appointed Executive 
Secretary of State; in 1857 he was a 
member of tlie Connecticut Legislature ; in 
1861 he was elected Mayor of Middletovvn, 
and re-elected until iSGS, when he was 
elected a Representative, from Connecti- 
cut, to the Thirty-ninth Congress, serving 
on the Committees on PublicExpenditures, 
and Expenditures in the Navy Department. 
Prior to 1861 he was identified with the 
Democratic party, a;id was a Delegate to 
and a Secretary of the " Baltimore Con- 
vention" of 1860. He was also a Delegate 
to the Philadelphia "Loyalists' Conven- 
tion "of 1866. 

Warren, Cornelius.— Tiorn in Put- 
nam County, New York, in 1790, and died 
at Cold Spring, July 28, 1849. He was a 
member of Congress, from New York, 
from 18i7 until his death. 

Warren, Edward A. — Born in 
Greene County, Alabama, May 2, 1818; re- 
ceived a liberal education, and studied 
the profession of law. He served in the 
Mississippi Legislature in 1845 and 184:6, 
and in the Legislature of Arkansas, in 
1848 and 1849, as Speaker of the House. 
In 1850 he was elected State's Attorney 
for the Sixth Judicial District of Arkan- 
sas ; and was a Kepresentative, from that 
State, in the Thirty- third Congress, and 
was re-elected to the Thirty-lifth. He 
was a member of the Committees on the 
Militia, and Railroads and Canals. 

Warren, Lott. — Born in Berke 
County, Georgia, October 30, 1797 ; com- 
menced life as a clerk in a store ; served 
in the Seminole war as a Second Lieuten- 
ant of Militia in 1818; studied law, and 
was admitted to the bar in 1821 ; in 1823 
he was elected a Major of Battalion; in 

1824 went to the State Legislature; in 

1825 was appointed Solicitor-General to 
fill a vacancy ; in 1830 he was sent to the 
State Senate; in 1831 again elected to the 
lower house; and he was a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from 1839 to 1843. 
He was subsequently devoted to the pro- 
fession of law. 

Washburn, Cadwallader C — 

Born in the town of Liverraor6, Maine, 
April 22, 1818. He was a lawyer by pro- 
fession; removed to Wisconsin, and was 
elected a Representative, from that State, 
to the Thirty-fourth and Thirty-tifth Con- 
gresses. He was a member of the Com- 
mittees on Private Land Claims, and Ex- 
penditures on the Public Buildings. He 
was re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Con- 
gress, serving as Chairman of the Com- 
mittee on Private Land Claims, and as a 
member of the Special Committee of 
Tiiirty-three. He was also a Delegate to 



the " Peace Congress " of 1861. In Novem- 
ber, 1862, he was appointed, by President 
Lincoln, a Major-General in the Union 
army. He was a Delegate to the " Soldiers' 
Convention" held in Pittsburg in 1866. 
Re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, and 
was placed on the Committees on Foreign 
Aft'airs, and Expenditures on the Public 
Buildings. 

Washburn, TLenry D. — He was 

born in Windsor, Windsor County, Ver- 
mont, March 28, 1832; and during that 
year was removed by his ftithei; to Ohio ; 
was early apprenticed to the trade of a 
tanner, but, not liking the business, be- 
came a school-teacher, which occupation 
he followed until his twentieth year; 
studied law, and graduated at the New 
York State and National Law School in 
1853. He subsequently settled in Indiana, 
and in 1854 he was appointed Auditor of 
Vermillion County; elected to the same 
position in 1856, serving as such until 
1861. In July of that year he raised a 
company for service in the war; was pro- 
moted to the command as Colonel of the 
Eighteenth Indiana Volunteers, in 1862; 
and in 1864 he was brevetted a Brigadier- 
General, and was mustered out of the ser- 
vice in 1865 ; and was elected a Represent- 
ative, from Indiana, to the Thirty-ninth 
Congress, having successfully contested 
the seat claimed by D. W. Vorhees, serv- 
ing on the Committees on Claims, and 
Southern Railroads. He was a Delegate 
to the Pittsburg "Soldiers' Convention" 
of 1866; and re-elected to the Fortieth Con- 
gress, serving on the Committees on Re- 
trenchment, Military Affairs, the Niagara 
Ship Canal, and as Chairman of the Com- 
mittee on Soldiers' and Sailors' Bounties. 

Washburn, Jr., Israel. —Bovu June 
6, 1813, at Liverraore, County of Oxford 
(now Androscoggin), Maine. He received 
a classical education ; studied law, and in 
October, 1834, was admitted to the bar; 
he commenced the practice of law inOro- 
no, Penobscot County, December, 1834, 
where he has since resided. He was a 
member of the Legislature in 1842, and 
elected to the Federal House of Repre- 
sentatives, from Maine, for the Thirty- 
second, Thirty-third, Thirty-fourth, Thir- 
ty-fifth, and Thirty-sixth Congresses, 
serving in the latter Congress as a mem- 
ber of the Committee on Ways and Means, 
In 1860 he was elected Governor of Maine, 
and in 1863 was appointed, by President 
Lincoln, Collector of Portland. 

Washburn, Williain B.—Ue was 
born in Winchendon, Massachusetts, Jan- 
uary 31, 1820; graduated at Yale College 
in 1844; has always been engaged in the 
manufacturing business; was a member 
of the State Senate in 1850, and of the 
lower house in 1854; was subsequently 
President of the Greenfield Bank ; and was 



404 



BIOGBAPHICAL BEC0BD8. 



elected a Eepreseutative, from Massachu- 
isetts, to the Thirty-eighth Congress, serv- 
ing on the Committees on Invalid Pen- 
sions, and Roads and Canals. Ee-elected 
to the Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on 
the Committees on Claims, and Revolu- 
tionary Pensions. He was a Delegate to 
the Philadelphia " Loyalists' Convention" 
of 18U6; and re-elected to the Fortieth 
Congress. 

Washburne, JElihu B. — Born in 

Livermore, Oxford County, Maine, Sep- 
tember 23, 1816; served an apprenticeship 
i 1 the printing-office of the " Kennebec 
Journal ; " studied law at Harvard Univer- 
sity, and, removing to the West, practised 
at Galena, Illinois. He was elected a 
Representative to the Thirty-third Con- 
gress, from that State, and re-elected to 
tie Thirty-fourth, Thirty-lifth, and Thirty- 
t^ixth Congresses, serving on two occa- 
sions as Chairman of the Committee on 
Commerce. He was also elected to the 
Thirty-seventh Congress, again serving as 
Chairman of the Committee on Commerce, 
and re-elected to the Thirty-eighth Con- 
gress, serving again as Chairman of the 
Committee on Commerce, as a member of 
the Joint Committee on the Library, and 
also as Chairman of the Special Commit- 
tee on Immigration. On account of his 
having served continuously for a longer 
period than any other member of the 
Thirty-eighth Congress, usage awarded 
to him the title of " Father of the House." 
He was the author, among many others, 
of the bill reviving the office of Lieuten- 
ant-General, which was conferred on Gen- 
eral Grant. Re-elected to the Thirty- 
ninth Congress, again serving at the 
head of the Committee on Commerce, and 
as Chairman of the Special Committee on 
the Death of President Lincoln, and as a 
member of those on the Rules, Recon- 
struction, Air-line Railroad to New York, 
and as Chairman of the Special Committee 
to Investigate the Memphis Riots. Two 
of his brothers also served in Congress, 
namely, Israel, Jr., and Cadwallader C. 
Washburn, who wrote their names with- 
out the e. Re-elected to the Fortieth 
Congress. 

Washington, George. — He was 

horn at Bridge's Creek, Westmoreland 
County, Virginia, February 22, 1732, and 
was descended from a family distinguished 
for its respectability and virtue. At the 
age of ten years he lost his father; was 
educated in English literature and the 
general principles of science by a private 
tutor; and adopted the profession of a 
surveyor. When nineteen years of age, 
he was appointed an Adjutant, with the 
rank of Major; in 1753 he was employed 
by Dinwiddle on a mission to the French 
army, in the valley of the Ohio, and made 
treaties with the Indians ; he served as an 
Aide-de-camp under Braddock, and, on the 



fall of that general, displayed great ability 
in saving the array ; in 1758 he performed 
an expedition to Fort du Quesne; after 
which, with the rank of Colonel, he retired 
to the paternal estate of Mount Vernon 
and devoted himself to agriculture. He 
cultivated nine thousand acres of land; 
employed about a thousand persons, slaves 
and others, on his estate, whom he clothed 
with cloths made under his own superin- 
tendence ; and it is said that seven thou- 
sand bushels of wheat and ten thousand 
bushels of corn was not an uncommon 
crop for him to raise on his plantation. 
He frequently served in the Legislature 
of Virginia ; was a Delegate to the Con- 
tinental Congress in 1774 and the early 
part of 1775 ; and, on the breaking out of 
the war, he was called to the chief com- 
mand of the Provincial troops, and the 
record of his services is a history of the 
war. He joined the army at Cambridge 
in July, 1775 ; in 1776 he fought the battles 
of Long Island, White Plains, Trenton, 
and Princeton; in 1777 those of Brandy- 
wine and Germantown; in 1778 that of 
Monmouth ; and in 1781 he captured Corn- 
wallis at Yorktown, and thereby virtually 
closed the war. When the treaty of peace 
was signed, he resigned his commission 
and, universally beloved, retired to private 
life. He was elected the first President 
of the United States, and, after having 
been re-elected and serving out his second 
term, he again retired to private life. In 
1798 he was induced again to accept the 
command of the army, but it was merely 
to concentrate the etforts of his fellow- 
citizens for the promotion of the general 
good, and was another sacrifice to his 
high sense of duty. He died at Mount 
Vernon, after a short illness, of quinsy 
sore throat, December 14, 1799; was 
buried at that place with the honors due 
to the noble champion of the liberties of a 
happy and prosperous republic. The 
character of Washington stands alone 
among the great men of the world, as a 
pure man, a patriot, a wise statesman, a 
citizen, a ruler, a husbandman, a general, 
and a Christian. His life has been writ- 
ten and commented upon by hundreds of 
writers, but perhaps the most popular 
biographies of him wei'e published by 
John Marshall, Washington Irving, David 
Ramsay, and Aaron Bancroft; and a 
copious selection from his manuscripts 
was edited by Jared Sparks, and published 
in twelve volumes. Ilis home at Mount 
Vernon is, to lovers of liberty and true 
greatness, a kind of Mecca; and, as the 
"Father of his Country," his memory 
will be venerated as long as the republic 
endures. 

Washington, George C— Born in 
Westmoreland County, Virginia, August 
20, 1789, and died in Georgetcnvn, District 
of Columbia, July 17, 1854. He was edu- 
cated at Cambridge, and became a lawyer 



BIOGBAPHICAL BECORDS. 



405 



by profession, though partial to the pur- 
suit of agriculture. At the time of his 
death, he was the oldest and nearest sur- 
viving male relative of his grand-uncle. 
General Wasliington. He represented 
Maryland in Congress, from 1827 to 1833, 
and "from 1835 to 1837. He was also 
President of the Chesapeake and Ohio 
Canal, and a Commissioner for the settle- 
ment of Indian Claims. When General 
Scott was nominated for the Presidency, 
Mr. Washington was spoken of as the can- 
didate for Vice-President. 

Washington, Williafn H.— Born in 

North Carolina; graduated at Yale Col- 
lege in 1834, and was a lawyer by profes- 
sion. He was in Congress from 1841 to 
1843, and subsequently Ave or six years in 
the State Legislature. Died August 12, 
1860, aged forty-six years. 

WatMns, Albert €r.— He was born 
in Jeflerson County, Tennessee, May 5, 
1818; was educated at Holston College, 
Tennessee; adopted the profession of 
law ; was elected to the Legislature, from 
his native county, in 1845; was a Presi- 
dential Elector in 1848; and was first 
elected a Representative in Congress in 
1849, and re-elected to each succeeding 
Congress, excepting the Thirty-third, 
when he declined the nomination. He 
was a member of the Committees on Manu- 
factures, and on the Militia. 

Watinough, John G.— He was born 
on the banks of the Brandyvvine, Dela- 
ware, December 6, 1793, and educated at 
the University ofPennsylvania and Prince- 
ton. He served in the war of 1812, as a 
Lieutenant in the Second Artillery, and 
wliile doing service on the frontiers, in 
1813 and 1814, was wounded by receiving 
in his body three musket-balls, the last of 
which was extracted in 1835; he resigned 
his commission in 1816, and was elected a 
Representative in Congress, from Pennsyl- 
vania, in 1831, where he remained four 
years, during the whole of which period 
his wounds were open and constantly giv- 
ing him pain. His other public positions 
were those of Aide-de-camp to Genei'al 
Gaines, at New Orleans, and in the Creek 
Nation in 1814 and 1815; High Sheriff of 
Philadelphia City and County in 1835 ; 
and Surveyor of that port in 1841. During 
the latter part of his life he lived in retire- 
ment, and died at Philadelphia, November 
29, 1861. 

Watson, Cooper B^.— He was born 
in Ohio, and was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from that State, from 1855 to 1857. 

Watson, tTaines.—Be was a Senator 
in Congress, from New York, from 1798 
to 1800, when he resigned; had previous- 
ly been a member of the Assembly of 



New York during the years 1791, 1794, 
1795, and 1796; was a State Senator ia 
1797. 

Watterson, Harvey iJf.— He was 
born in Tennessee, and was a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from that State, from 
1839 to 1843. 

Watts, John. — He was born in New 
York in 1749, and died in New York City, 
September 3, 1836. He was a member of 
Congress from 1793 to 1795. 

Watts, John S. — He was born in 
Kentucky, and elected a Delegate, from 
the Territory of New Mexico, to the 
Thirty-seventh Congress. 

Wayne, Anthony. — Born in East- 
town, Cliester Couuty, Pennsylvania, iu 
1746. In 1773 he was elected a Represent- 
ative in the General Assembly, where he 
took an active part against the Claims of 
Great Britain. In 1775 he entered the 
army as Colonel, and in the battle at the 
Three Rivers, in June, 1776, received a 
wound in the leg, and at the close of the 
campaign he was made a Brigadier-Gen- 
eral. In the battles of Brandyvvine, Ger- 
mantown, and Monmouth, and especially 
at Stony Point, he greatly distinguished 
himself, in the latter assault receiving a 
severe wound in the head. In 1781 he led 
the Pennsylvania line, to. form a. junction 
with Lafayette in Virginia, and engaged 
in the capture of Cornwallis; after which 
he conducted the war in Georgia with 
equal success, receiving from the Legis- 
lature of that State a valuable farm as a 
reward for his services, upon which he 
retired after the war. In 1787 he was a 
member of the Convention for framing 
the Constitution, and served as a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Geoi'gia, in 
1791, but his seat was successfully con- 
tested by James Jackson, and was vacated 
by a resolution of the House. In 1792 he 
was again called into military service, 
and succeeded St. Clair in the command 
of the army against the Indians, gaining 
a complete victory over them in 1794, at 
the battle of the Miami ; he concluded a 
treaty, August 3, 1795, with the hostile 
tribes north-west of the Ohio. While in 
the service of his country, having attained 
the rank of Major- General, he died in a 
hut atPresque Isle, and was buried on the 
shore of Lake Erie, iu December, 1796, 
but iu 1809 his remains were removed to 
his native couuty. 

Wayne, Isaac.— Tie was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Pennsylvania, 
from 1823 to 1825. 

Wayne, James M.—Tle was born 
in Savannah, Georgia, in 1790. Having 
obtained an excellent preliminary educa- 



406 



BIOGBAPEICAL BECOBDS. 



tion, under the instruction of a private 
tutor, he entered Nassau Hall (now 
Princeton College), where he counted 
among his fellow-students some of the 
leading men of the present day. On his 
return home, at the close of his collegiate 
course, he commenced the study of law in 
Savannah; but his father having died a 
few months afterwards, he left, by the 
advice of his friends, to prosecute his 
studies at the North. On his second re- 
turn home, he commenced the practice of 
his profession, and took much interest in 
politics. After three or four years, he 
■was elected a member of the General As- 
sembly, as an opponent of the " relief 
law," which had created much feeling 
throughout the State. He was re-elected 
the following year, but declined being a 
candidate the third time. He was next 
Mayor of the city. On his resignation 
of that office, he was chosen Judge of the 
Superior Court, and served Ave years and 
a half. lie was then elected a member 
of Congress, in the session of 1829 and 
1830, and served until 1835. He took a 
prominent position in the House as a de- 
bater, and also proved himself a good 
business-member on various committees. 
He was a supporter of President Jackson, 
by whom he was appointed to a seat on 
the bench of the United States Supreme 
Court in 1835. He proved himself a sound 
and accomplished jurist, and especially 
devoted his attention to the subject of 
admiralty jurisprudence, and his opinion 
on points connected with that subject are 
everywhere cited as high authority. In 
1865 and 1866, by invitation of the facul- 
ty, he delivered an occasional lecture be- 
fore the law-students of Columbia College, 
Died in Washington, July 5, 1867. 

WeaMey, Hoberf.—lle was a Eep- 
reseutative in Congress, from Tennessee, 
from 1809 to 1811, and in 1819 was ap- 
pointed United States Commissioner to 
treat with the Chickasaws. 

Webster, Daniel. — Born in the town 

of Salisbury, New Hampshire, January 18, 
1782. His opportunities for education were 
very deficient, and he v\'as indebted for his 
earliest instruction to liis mother. For a 
few months only, in 1796, he enjoyed the 
advantages of Phillips's Exeter Academy; 
here his education for college commenced, 
and it was completed at Boscawen. He 
entered Dartmouth College in 1797, and 
graduated in 1801. Soon after he engaged 
in professional studies, first in his native 
village, and afterwards at Fryeburg, in 
Maine, where, at the same time, he had 
the charge of an academy, and was also a 
copyist in the office of the Eegister of 
Deeds. Having completed his legal stud- 
ies, he was admitted to the bar of Suffolk, 
Massachusetts, in the year 1805. He com- 
menced the practice of law in his native 
State and county ; in 1807 he removed to 



Portsmouth, New Hampshire, and soon 
became engaged in a respectable but not 
lucrative practice. In 1812 he was chosen 
a Representative in Congress, from New 
Hampshire, and was re-elected. He re- 
moved to Boston in 1816, and was placed 
at once beside the leaders of the Massa- 
chusetts bar, having already appeared be- 
fore the Supreme Court of the United 
States, at Washington. By his argument 
in the Dartmouth College case, carried by 
appeal to Washington, in 1817, he took 
rank among the most distinguished jurists 
in the country. In 1820 he was chosen a 
member of the Convention for revising 
the Constitution of Massachusetts, He 
was offered, about this time, a nomination 
as a Senator of the United States, but de- 
clined. In 1822 he was elected a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from the City of 
Boston; he took his seat in December, 
1823, and early in the session made his 
celebrated speech on the Greek Revolu- 
tion, which at once established his repu- 
tation as one of the first statesmen of the 
age, and he was re-elected. In 1826 he 
was again elected, and under the Presi- 
dency of Mr. Adams, he was the leader 
of the friends of the administration, first 
in the House of Representatives, and af- 
terwards in the Senate, to which he was 
elected in 1827. His speech on the Pana- 
ma mission was made in the first session 
of the Nineteenth Congress. When the 
tariff law of 1821 was brought forward he 
spoke against it on the ground of expe- 
diency. He remained in the Senate a 
period of twelve years. In 1830 he made 
what is generally regarded the ablest of 
his parliamentary efforts, — his second 
speech in reply to Colonel Hayne,' of 
South Carolina. Mr. Webster, although 
opposed to the administration of General 
Jackson, gave it a cordial support in its 
measures for the defence of the Union, in 
1832 and 1833, but opposed its financial 
system. In 1839 he made a short visit to 
Europe. His fame had preceded him, and 
he was received, in the Old World, with 
the attention due to his chai-acter and 
talents, at the French and English Courts, 
On the accession of President Harrison, 
he was appointed Secretary of State, and 
was continued in this office by President 
Tyler, President Tyler's cabinet was 
broken up in 1842, but Mr, Webster re- 
mained in office till the spring of 1843, 
being desirous of putting some other mat- 
ters, connected with our foreign relations, 
in a prosperous train. Mr. Webster re- 
turned to the Senate of the United States 
in 1845, and he remained in that body 
until 1850, when he was appointed Secre- 
tary of State by President Fillmore. In 
December, 1850, the famous Hiilsemann 
letter was written. In 1851, by his ju- 
dicious management of the Cuba ques- 
tion, he obtained of the Spanish govern- 
ment the pardon of the followers of 
Lopez, who had been deported to Spain. 



BIOGBAPniCAL BECOBDS. 



407 



About the same time he received from the 
English governmcut an apology for the 
interference of a British cruiser with an 
American steamer, in the waters of Nica- 
ragua. This was the second time that the 
British government had made a similar 
concession at the instance of Mr. Web- 
ster. The flrst was in reference to the 
destruction of the " Caroline " at Schlos- 
ser ; and it is understood that it was on 
the strength of a private letter that he 
addressed to Lord Palmers ton, that the 
present Sir John F. Crampton was made 
Minister Plenipotentiary to Washington, 
He paid much attention to agriculture, 
and his residence, when not engaged in 
public business at Washington, was either 
at Marslifleld, in Massachusetts, or the 
place of his birth, in Nev/ Hampshire. 
The worlis of Mr. Webster were pub- 
lished in six volumes, with a biographical 
memoir by Edward Everett. He died 
October 23, 1852, at Marshfield; in that 
year, his Private Life, by the compiler of 
this volume, was published; and in 1857 
two volumes of his Private Correspond- 
ence were published by his son, Fletcher 
Webster, subsequently killed in battle 
during the Eebellion. 

Webster, Edwin H.—He was born 
in Harford County, Maryland, March 31, 
1829; was educated at Dickinson College, 
and was a member of the Maryland Sen- 
ate from 1855 to 1859, serving two years 
as the President of that body. In 1856 he 
was chosen a Presidential Elector. His 
terra in Congress commenced with the 
Thirty-sixth Congress, as a Represent- 
ative from Maryland, and he was re-elected 
to the Thirty-seventh Congress, serving 
on the Committees on Claims, and on 
Public Expenditures. For a time he ren- 
dered the State some service in a military 
capacity, and was Colonel of a Maryland 
regiment. In 1863 he was re-elected to 
the Thirty-eighth Congress, serving on 
the Committees on Claims, and on the 
Militia. Re-elected to the Thirty-ninth 
Congress, but in July, 1865, was appointed, 
by President Johnson, Collector of Cus- 
toms for the port of Baltimore. 

Webster, Taylor. — He was born in 

Pennsylvania, and, having settled in Ohio, 
was elected a Representative in Congress, 
from tliat State, from 1833 to 1839. 

Weeks, John W.—Hq was a County 
Sheritt', in New Hampshire, from 1820 to 
1825; a State Senator in 1827 and 1828; 
a Representative in Congress, from New 
Hampshire, from 1829 to 1833; and Judge 
of Probate, in Coos County, in 1854. 

Weeks, fTosepJi. — He was born in 
llassaclmsetts, and was a Representative 
in Congress, from New Hampshire, from 
1835 to 1839, having previously been for 



two years Judge of the County Court for 
Cheshire County. 

Weems, John C — He was born in 
Calvert County, Maryland, and was a 
Representative in Congress, from that 
State, from 182G to 1829. 

Weightman, Michard Hanson. 

— Born in Maryland, and educated at West 
Point; was a Captain in the Missouri 
Battalion of Light Artillery Volunteers 
in the Mexican war, and distinguished 
himself under Colonel Donophan in the 
battle of Sacramento; subsequently held 
the position of additional Paymaster; and 
was a Delegate to Congress, from New 
Mexico, from 1851 to 1853. 

Welch, John. — He was born in Jef- 
ferson County, Ohio, October, 23, 1805; 
was educated at Franklin College, Ohio ; 
studied law, and was admitted to the bar 
in 1833; he was a member of the State 
Senate of Ohio, in 1846 and 1847; and a 
Representative in Congress, from 1851 to 
1853. He was subsequently one of the 
Trustees of the Ohio University. 

Welch, Williatn W.—Hq was born 
in Norfolk, Connecticut, December 10, 
1818; received the rudiments of his edu- 
cation at the common schools and from 
private instructors, and, having turned his 
attention to the science of medicine, re- 
ceived the degree of M.D. from the medi- 
cal institution of Yale College, in 1838 ; 
and, excepting Avhen interrupted by his 
public duties, has ever been a pr:ictising 
physician. lie has twice been elected to 
the House of Representatives, and twice 
to the Senate of Connecticut ; and he was 
a Representative, from that State, during 
the Thirty-fourth Congress. 

Welker, 3Iai'tln. — He was born in 
Knox County, Ohio, April 25, 1819; I'e- 
ceived a good education by his qw\i un- 
aided efforts, while working on a farm or 
employed as clerk in a store ; studied 
law, and came to the bar in 1840 ; from 
1846 to 1851 he was Clerk of the Court of 
Common Pleas for Holmes County ; in 1851 
he was elected a Judge of the Common 
Pleas for the Sixth IHstrict serving live 
years; in 1857 he removed to Wooster, 
Wayne County, and was elected Lieuten- 
ant-Governor of Ohio, declining a renom- 
ination; in 1861 he was appointed a Judge 
Advocate, with the rank of Major, serving 
three months as a stafl' ofiicer; was soon 
afterwards appointed Aide-de-camp and 
Acting Judge Advocate-General, with the 
rank of Colonel, under the Governor of 
the State; in 18C2 he was an Assistant 
Adjutant-General, and superintended the 
draft of the State; and in 1864 he was 
elected a Representative from Ohio to the 
Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the 



408 



BIOGBAPHICAL BEQ0BD8. 



Committees on the District of Colum- 
Dia, llevolutionary Pensions, and Tree 
Schools in the District of Columbia. He 
was also a Delegate to the Philadelphia 
" Loyalists' Convention " of 1886 ; and was 
re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, serv- 
ing on the Committee on Retrenchment. 

- Wellborn^ M. J". — Born in Georgia, 
and was a Representative in Congress, 
from that State, from 18i9 to 1851. 

Weller, John J5.— He was born in 
Ohio ; was a Representative in Congress, 
from that State, from 1839 to 1845 ; was 
the first United States Commissioner to 
Mexico, under the treaty of Guadalupe 
Hidalgo ; and, having taken up his resi- 
dence in California, was elected to the 
United States Senate, in 1851, for a long 
term ; and was subsequently elected Gov- 
ernor of California. In December, 1860, 
he was appointed Minister to Mexico; 
and was a Delegate to the "Chicago Con- 
vention " in 1864. 

Wells, Alfred. — Born in Dagsboro', 
Sussex County, Delaware, May 27, 1814; 
adopted the profession of law, and settled 
at Ithaca, New York; and in 1858 was 
elected a Representative, from New York, 
to the Thirty-sixth Congress, serving as a 
member of the Committee on the Militia. 
He has also held the positions of Deputy 
Clerk, District Attorney, and Judge of 
Tompkins County, New York. 

Wells, Jr., Daniel. — He was born 
in Maine; received a good English edu- 
cation; removed to Wisconsin in 1836; 
became extensively engaged at Milwaukee 
in the business of banking and lumbering; 
he was a Representative in Congress, 
from Wisconsin, from 1853 to 1855. 

Wells, John. — He was born in New 
York, and was a Representative in Con- 
gress, fvomthat State, from 1851 to 1853. 

Wells, John S. — He was a Senator 
in Congress, from New Hampshire, from 
January to March, in 1855, by executive 
appointment. He filled many local offices, 
and died at Exeter, New Hampshire, in 
1860, aged fifty-six years. 

Wells, William S. — He was a Sen- 
ator in Congress, from Delaware, from 
1799 to 1804, when he resigned, and again 
from 1813 to 1817; he died March 11, 
1829. 

Wendover, Peter JST. — He was born 
in New York City ; was a member of the 
State Assembly, from the City of New 
York, in 1804; and a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1815 to 
1821. 

Wentworlh, Jo7in,—Ke was born 



in Sandwich, New Hampshire, March 5, 
1815 ; and was the grandson of John Went- 
worth, Jr., who was in the old Congress, 
and who signed the original Articles of 
Confederation for New Hampshire. He 
was educated at Dartmouth College, and 
shortly after graduating, iu 1S36, emi- 
grated to the West, and settled in Chica- 
go, Illinois; was among the first who 
took an interest in securing a city charter 
for the town; and, in a short time, con- 
nected himself with the " Chicago Dem- 
ocrat," which was long the official journal 
of the city, and which he conducted as 
proprietor and editor for twenty-five 
years. Before becoming fully engaged 
in politics he studied law, and, having 
finished his course at Harvard, came to Jj 
the bar in 1841. In 1837 he became a m 
member of the Board of Education, and 
continued in that position, wlien not in 
public life, for many years ; and he was 
a Representative, from Illinois, to the 
Twenty-eighth, Tweiaty-ninth, Thirtieth, 
Thirty-first, and Thirty-second Congress- 
es, serving on the Committee on Territo- 
ries and Commerce. In 1857 and 1880 he 
was Mayor of Chicago; was a member 
of the " State Constitutional Convention " 
of 1861 ; in 1864 he was appointed one of 
the Police Commissioners of Cliicago; 
and was subsequently re-elected for the 
sixth term to the Thirty-ninth Congress, 
serving on the Committees on Ways and 
Means, and Roads and Canals. In 1867 
he received from Dartmouth College the 
degree of LL.D., and subsequently made 
a donation to the college of ten thousand 
dollars. 

Wentworth, Jr., John. — He was 

born in Sommersworth, New Hampshire, 
July 17, 1745 ; graduated at Harvard Uni- 
versity in 1768 ; studied law and adopted 
the profession, but, upon the organization 
of Strafibrd County, he received from his 
relative. Governor John Wentworth, the 
appointment of Register of Probate, 
which office he held until his death, which 
occurred at Dover, New Hampshire, Jan- 
uary 10, 1787, from consumption, growing 
out of an attack of small-pox. He settled 
at Dover early in life, and was for a while 
the only lawyer in his county. He was 
elected a Representative to the State Leg- 
islature, from 1776 to 1780, when he took . 
the place of his deceased father, also 
named John, in the Council, where he re- 
mained until 1784, his father having also 
been President of the first Revolutionary 
Assembly in New Hampshire, and also a 
Colonel in the Army. He was a member 
of the State Senate from 1784 until his 
death; was an active member of the Com- 
mittee of Safety during the Revolution; 
was a Delegate, from New Hampshire, to 
the Continental Congress in the years 1778, 
and 1779, serving four sessions, and was 
one of the signei-s of the Articles of Con- 
federation. He left a son, named Paul, 



BIOGRAPHICAL BECOBDS. 



409 



who was the father of John "Wentworth, 
the Representative in Congress from Illi- 
nois. 

WentwortJi, Tappan. — lie was 

born in Dover, New Hampshire, Febru- 
ary 24, 1802; and was a Kepresentative 
in Congress, from Massacliusetts, from 
1853 to 1855. He followed the law as a 
profession, and was President of the 
Common Council of Lowell in 1842; and 
served four years in the State Senate. 
He was also a Delegate to the Philadel- 
phia "Loyalists' Convention" of 18G6. 

WestbrooTc, John. —He was born in 
Penusylvanui, and was a Representative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1841 
to 1843^ 

Westhrooh, Theodoric 12.— He was 
a native of New York, and was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from that State, 
from 1853 to 1855. 

Westcott, Jatnes J).— He was born 
at Alexandria, Virginia, in May, 1802. He 
removed with his father to New Jersey, 
and was, at an early age, admitttd to the 
bar of the Supreme Court of that State, 
where ho practised Iiis profession until 
1829; and he afterwards held, for a short 
time, a position in the Consular Bureau of 
the State Department at Washington. He 
was appointed, by President Jaclison, Sec- 
retary of the Territory of Florida, and held 
the office four years, performing the du- 
ties of the Governor during his temporary 
aljsence. He was a member of the Territo- 
rial Legislature in 1832. He was ap- 
pointed United States District Attorney 
for the middle district of the Territory, 
which office he held until 1836. He was 
again a member of the Legislature, and a 
member of the Convention for framing a 
State Constitution in 1838 and 1839. On 
the admission of Florida into the Union 
as a State, in 1845, he was elected a 
Senator in Congxess, and served until 
1849. 

Wesferlo, Rensselaer. — He was 

born in New Yorli, and was a Representa- 
tive in Congress, from that State, from 
1817 to 1819. 

Wethered, John. — He was born in 
Maryland, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1843 to 
1845. 

Wlialey, Kellian F.— Was born in 
Onondaga County, New York, May 6, 
1821. Wliile yet young, he removed with 
Lis fatlier to Ohio, received a limited 
etiucation, and, when twenty-one years 
oid, settled in Western Virginia, devoting 
himself to the lumber and mercantile busi- 
ness. Wlien the Rebellion broke out he 
took the Union side of the question, and 



was elected to the Thirty-seventh Con- 
gress, serving on the Committee on Inva- 
lid Pensions. He afterwards acted as an 
Aid to Governor Pierpoint in organizing 
and equipping regiments, and was in 
command at the battle of Guyandotte, 
when he was taken prisoner, in Novem- 
ber, 18G1. After travelling with his cap- 
tors sixty miles towards Richmond, he 
made his escape, and arrived safely at Cat- 
lettsburg, Kentucky, and was soon able to 
resume his seat in the House of Represent- 
atives. He was re-elected to the Thirty- 
eighth Congress, serving as Chairman of 
the Committee on Invalid Pensions, and as 
a member of the Committee on Agricul- 
ture. He was also a Delegate to the 
" Baltimore Convention " of 18G4. Re- 
elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, 
serving as Chairman of the Committee on 
Revolutionary Claims, and as a member 
of that on the Death of President Lincoln. 
He was also a member of the National 
Committee appointed to accompany the 
remains of President Lincoln to Illinois. 
In 18G8 he was appointed Collector at San- 
tiago, Texas. 

Whallon, Reuben. — Born in New 
Jersey, and was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from New York, from 1833 to 1835, 
and died in Essex County, New York, 
April 15, 1843, aged sixty-six years. 

Wharton, Jesse. — He represented 
the State of Tennessee in Congress, from 
1807 to 1809, and was a United States 
Senator in 1814 and 1815, when he was 
superseded by J. Williams, He died at 
Nashville, July 22, 1833. 

Wharton, Samuel.— Rq was a Del- 
egate, from Delaware, to the Continental 
Congress, from 1782 to 1783. 

Wheaton, H.orace. — He was born in 
New York, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1843 to 

1847. 

Wheaton, Lahan. — He was born at 

Marshfleld, Massachusetts, and graduated 
at Harvard University in 1774. He studied 
both theology and lavv. He was a County 
Judge, and a Representative in Congress, 
from 1809 to 1817. He died at Norton, 
Massachusetts, March 23, 1846, aged nine- 
ty-two years. 

Wheeler, Ezra.'— lie was born in 
Chenango County, New York, in 1820; 
emigrated to Berlin, Wisconsin, in 1849; 
adopted the profession of law; in 1S52 he 
was elected to the Legislature of Wiscon- 
sin ; in 1854 he was elected to the office of 
County Judge, holding the same for eight 
years ; and he was elected a Representa- 
tive, from Wisconsin, to the Thirty-eighth 
Congress, serving on the Committee on 
the District of Columbia. 



410 



BIOaBAFIIICAL BEC0BD8. 



Wheeler, Grattan H.—Tie was a 
native of New Yoi'k, aucl a Representative 
in Congress, from tliat State, from 1831 to 
1833. He was also a member of the State 
Assembly, frc)m Steuben Count}', for four 
years, and one year a member of tlie State 
Senate. 

Wheeler, J'oTm. — Born in 1823, at 
Darby, Connecticut; received a good 
commercial education, and at the age of 
twenty entered the mercantile business in 
New York City ; he subsequently engaged 
in Iiotel-keeping, which he followed at the 
time of his election, and during his service 
as a member of Congress, having been a 
Ecpresentative from 1853 to 1857, from 
New York. 

Wheeler, William ^. — Born in 
Malone, Franklin County, New York, in 
1820; was a member of the class of 1842 
of the University of Vermont, but did not 
graduate; adopted the profession of law; 
in 1850 and 1851 he was elected to the 
State Legislature ; in 1857 and 1858 to tlie 
State Senate; and in 18G0 he Avas elected 
a llep"l-esentative, from New York, to the 
Thirty-seventh Congress, lie was for 
many years engaged in the banking busi- 
ness, and was President of the Ogdens- 
burg and Rouse's llailroad Company. lie 
was also a Delegate to the " State Consti- 
tutional Convention" of 1867, and was 
elected its President. 

Whipple, Thoinas. — He was born 
in Berkshire County, Massachusetts ; was 
bred a physician, and served the State of 
New Hampshire, as a Representative in 
Congress, from 1821 to 1829. He died at 
Wentworth, New Hampshire, January 23, 
1835, aged fifty years. 

Whipple, William.— Bovn in Kit- 
tcry, Maine, in 1730; was educated at a 
common English school; commenced ac- 
tive life as a sea-captain; in 1759 he set- 
tled at Portsmouth, New Hampshire, in 
the mercantile business; in 1775 he was a 
member of the Provincial Congress; in 
1776 of the Provincial Council ; and was a 
Delegate to the Continental Congress, 
from New Hampshire, from 1776 to 1779, 
and one of the signers of the Declaration 
of Independence. In 1777 he entered the 
army, served with distinction in several 
campaigns, and rose to be a Brigadier- 
General; in 1782 he was appointed Finan- 
cial Receiver for New Hampshire, serv- 
ing two years, when he resigned ; and also 
held the offices of Judge of the Superior 
Court, and Justice of the Peace and 
Quorum ; and was a Commissioner on 
behalf of Connecticut to settle the land 
tiifficulties in Wyoming Valley. Died No- 
vember 28, 1785.- 

WJiiUomh, tTatnes. — Was born in 
1795. He removed with his father to 



Ohio, in 1806 ; had a country-school educa- 
tion, and prepared himself for college by 
teaching school, and graduated at Tran- 
sylvania University with the highest 
honors. He studied law, and settled in 
practice in Bloomington, Indiana, in 1824. 
In 1826 he was appointed Prosecuting 
Attorney, and in 1830 Avas chosen a mem- 
ber of the State Senate, and served five 
years. He was appointed Commissioner 
of the General Land Office in 1S3G; and in 
1841 returned to the practice of his pro- 
fession at Terre Haute, Indiana; in 1843 
he was chosen Governor of the State, and 
was re-elected in 1846. Ho was elected 
a Senator of the United States in 1849, 
for the term ending in 1855, which posi- 
tion he held until his death, which oc- 
curred in New York, October 4, l!:)52. He 
was much interested in the American 
Bible Society, of which association he was 
Vice-President, 

White, Addison.— B.Q was born in 
Kentucky, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1851 to 
1853. 

White, Albert S. — Was born in 
Blooming Grove, Orange County, New 
York, October 24, 1803; graduated at 
Union College in 1822; studied law, and 
was admitted to the bar, at Newburg, iu 
1825; removed to Indiana in 1829; and 
was a Representative in Congress, from 
that State, from 1837 to 1839 ; was a Sen- 
ator in Congress, from 1839 to 1845 ; dur- 
ing his service iu Congress, he was in- 
strumental in securing grants of land for 
the Wabash and Erie Canal; and, after 
leaving Congress, he abandoned politics, 
and turned his attention to the railroad 
business, becoming President of the Wa- 
bash and Indianapolis, and of the Lake 
Erie, Wabash, and St. Louis Companies. 
Earlier in life he was for Ave years Clerk 
of the Indiana House of Representatives; 
and was elected a Representative, from 
Indiana, to the Tliirty-seventh Congress, 
serving as a member of the Committee on 
Foreign Affairs, and Chairman of a Select 
Committee on Emancipation. After leav- 
ing Congress, he was appointed, by Pres- 
ident Lincoln, a Commissioner to settle 
certain claims against the Sioux Indians. 
In January, 1864, he was appointed, by 
President Lincoln, Judge of the District 
Court of Indiana. He died in Stockwall, 
Indiana, September 4, 1864. 

White, Alexander.— ^& was a Del- 
egate to the Continental Congress, from 
North Carolina, from 1786 to 1788, and a 
Representative in Congress, from 1789 to 
1793, and distinguished for his eloquence 
and patriotism. He died at Woodville, 
Virginia, in 1804, aged sixty-six years. 
He was one of those who voted for lo- 
cating the Seat of Government on the 
Potomac. 



BIOGBAFHIOAL BEGOBDS. 



411 



Wliite, Alexander,— ^e was born in 
Tennessee, and, having settled in Alabama, 
Avas elected a Representative in Congress, 
from that State, from 1851 to 1853. 

White, Allison. — He was born in 
Peunsj'lvania, December 21, 1816; re- 
ceived a common-school education; stud- 
ied law, and practised his profession for 
twelve 3'ears. He was elected a Repi'e- 
seutative, from Pennsylvania, to the Thir- 
ty-tifth Congress, from the fifteenth Con- 
gressional District of that State, and was 
Chairman of the Committee on Expendi- 
tures on the Public Buildings. 

White, Bartotv W.—^le was born 
in Westchester County, New York; and 
was a Representative in Congress, from 
that State, from 1825 to 1827. 

Wliite, Benjamin.— He was born in 
Maine; a farmer by occupation; and was 
a Representative in Congress, from that 
State, from 1844 to 1845. During the 
years 1841 and 1842 he was also a member 
of tlie Maine Legislature. 

White, Campbell J*.— Was born in 
New York; for many years a prominent 
merchant in that city; and was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from that State, 
from 1829 to 1835. He also took a lead- 
ing part in the " New York Convention" 
of 1846. He died February 12, 1859, 
leaving an exalted reputation for abilities, 
and sterling qualities of heart and man- 
ners. 

Wliite, Chilton ^.— "Was born in 
Georgetown, Brown County, Ohio, Feb- 
ruary, 1826; studied law with General 
Thomas L. Hamer, under whom he served 
one year as a private soldier in Mexico ; 
was admitted to the bar in 1848, and set- 
tled in his native town. In 1852 and 1853 
he was the Prosecuting Attorney for 
Brown County; in 1859 and 1860 was 
chosen a Senator in the State Legislature ; 
but before the expiration of his second 
term he was elected a Representative, 
from Oiiio, to the Thirty-seventh Con- 
gress, serving on the Committee on Pub- 
lic Expenditures. He was re-elected to 
the Thirty-eighth Congress, serving on 
the Committees on Manufactures, and Ex- 
penditures in the Post Office Department. 

Wliite, David. — He was one of the 

Judges of the Circuit Court of Kentucky, 
and represented that State in Congress 
from 1823 to 1825. He died in Franklin 
County, Kentucky, February 17, 1835, aged 
fifty years. 

Wliite, Edward i>.— Governor of 
Louisiana, and a Representative in Con- 
gress, from that State, fro.m 1829 to 1834, 
and again from 1839 to 1843. His popu- 



larity was great and well deserved. He 
died in New Orleans, April 18, 1847. 

White, Francis.— We was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from VirgiuU, his 
native State, from 1813 to 1815. 

Wliite, Hugh. — He was born in New 
York, followed the plough until he was 
nineteen years of age, and was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, frou? his native 
State, from 1845 to 1851. 

Wliite, Hugh Lawson. — He was 

born in Iredell County, North Carolina, 
October 30, 1773 ; removed with his father 
to Knox County, Tennessee, in 1783 ; vol- 
unteered as a private soldiei- during the 
Indian hostilities in 1792. In 1794 heVent 
to Philadelphia, and pursued a coarse of 
mathematical studies, and then went to 
Lancaster, Pennsylvania, and studied law. 
He connnenced the practice of his profes- 
sion at Knoxville, in 1795. In 1801 he was 
appointed Judge of the Supreme Court of 
the State and served until 1807. In 1808 
he was appointed District Attorney, and 
in 1809 was elected to the State Senate ; he 
again served six years in the Supreme 
Court as Judge, and in 1815 was chosen 
President of the State Bank of Tennessee. 
In 1820 he was again a member of tlie 
State Senate, and about that time was ap- 
pointed, by President Monroe, a Commis- 
sioner to adjust the claims of our citizens 
against Spain. He was elected a Senator 
in Congress from 1825 to 1835, and from 
1836 to 1840, serving on one occasion as 
President pro tern, of the Senate, and on 
important committees. At the election for 
President of the United States, in 183G, 
he received all the votes (twenty-six) of 
Georgia and Tennessee. He resigned his 
seat in the Senate in 1839, having re- 
ceived instructions to vote against his 
own judgment. Soon after reaching his 
home, in Knoxville, he died April 10, 1840. 

Wliite, tTam^es.-lle was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Tennes&ee, 
from 1792 to 1794. 

White, John.— He was born in 1805; 
served, from 1835 to 1845, as a Represent- 
ative in Congress from Kentucky, and 
was Speaker of the House during the 
Twenty-seventh Congress. He was Judge 
of the Nineteenth Judicial District at the 
time of his death, which occurred at Rich- 
mond, Kentucky, by suicide, September 
22, 1845. His talents and attainments 
were of a high order. 

Wliite, Joseph i.— Was born in 
Cherry Valley, New York; studied law in 
Utica, and settled in Indiana; was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from that State, 
from 1841 to 1843. Alter leaving Con- 
gress he settled in New York Ciiy, and 
practised his profession with success. He 



412 



BIOGBAPHICAL BEGOBDS. 



subsequently entered into an India-rubber 
speculation, and, while on a business visit 
to Nicaragua, he was shot by a drunken 
man, from the effects of which he died in 
January, 1861. 

White, Joseph iUT.— He was born in 
Franklin County, Kentucky, and was a 
Delegate to Congress, from the Territory 
of Florida, from 1823 to 1837, and died at 
St. Louis, Missouri, October 18, 1839, 
while on a visit to his brother. He was 
an eminent lawyer, and noted for his elo- 
quence and acquirements. 

White, Joseph XF.— "Was born in 
Cambridge, Guernsey County, Ohio, Octo- 
ber 2, 1822 ; studied law, and came to the 
bar in 181:1; in 1845 and ISiJ he was ap- 
pointed Prosecuting Attorney for his 
mitive county ; and was elected a Repre- 
sentative, from Ohio, to the Thirty-eighth 
Congress, serving on the Committees on 
Mileage, and Expenditures in the Treasury 
Department. 

White, Leonard.— Bovn in Haver- 
hill, Massachusetts, in 1767. He was a 
fellow-student of John Qiiincy Adams, and 
at Harvard they were of the class of 1787. 
He was for many years Town Clerk and 
Treasurer, and represented his town in 
tlie Legislature, and his district in Con- 
gress, from 1811 to 1813, and then he was 
appointed Cashier of the Merrimack Bank, 
wiiich office he held until the infirmities 
of age obliged him to retire. He died in 
Haverhill, October 10, 1849. 

White, Phillips. — He was a Dele- 
gate, from New Hampshire, to the Conti- 
nental Congress, in 1782 and 1783. 

White, JPhineas. — He graduated at 
Dartmouth College in 1797, and was a 
Representative in Congress, from Ver- 
mont, from 1821 to 1823. He was Register 
of Probate in the town of Pomfret, from 
1800 to 1809; County Attorney in 1813; 
served eight years in the two branches of 
the State Legislature; and died in 1847, 
aged seventy-seven years. He was born 
in Hampshire County, Massachusetts. 

White, Samuel. — Was a United 
States Senator, from Delaware, from 1801 
until his death which occurred at Wil- 
mington, Delaware, November 4, 1809, 
aged thirty-nine years. 

Whitehill, James.— Hq was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from Pennsylva- 
nia, from 1813 to 1814, when he resigned. 
He was also Judge of a County Court, and 
a General of Militia. Died at Strasburg, 
Pennsylvania, March 5, 1822, at a very 
advanced age. 

Whitehill, John.— Tie was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Pennsylvania, 



from 1803 to 1807. 
ninety-four years. 



Died in 1815, aged 



Whitehill, Bobert.—Tleyfas a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from Pennsylva- 
nia, from 1805 to 1813, the year in which 
he died. 

Whiteley, William 6?.— Born in 

Newark, New Castle County, Delawai-e, 
graduated at Nassau Hall, Princeton, in 
1838. He was a lawyer by profession, and 
was elected a member of the Thirty-fifth 
Congress, from Delaware, serving as 
Chairman of the Committee on Agricul- 
ture. He was re-elected to the Thirty- 
sixth Congress, serving on the same 
Committee, alid also on the Special Com- 
mittee of Thirty-three on the Rebellious 
States. 

Whiteside, Jenkins.— Tie was a 

Senator in Congress, from Tennessee, from 
1809 to 1811, and died September 24, 1822. 

Whiteside, John. — He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Pennsylvania, 
from 1815 to 1819. 

Whitefield, J. TF.— He was born in 
Tennessee, and was a Delegate, from tiie 
Territory of Kansas, to tha Thirty-fourth 
Congress. 

Whitman, Eze7ciel.—Born in East 
Bridgevvater, Massachusetts, March 11, 
1776; graduated at Brown University iu 
1795 ; settled as a lawyer in the District of 
Maine iu 1798; he was Chief Justice of 
the Common Pleas and also of the Su- 
perior Court of Maine, presiding as such 
for twenty-five years ; and was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Massachu- 
setts, from 1809 to 1811, and from 1817 to 
1821; and was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from Maine from 1821 to 1823. He 
was also a member of the Executive Coun- 
cil of Maine iu 1815 and 1816, and a mem- 
ber of the Convention to form a Constitu- 
tion in 1819. Died in East Bridgewater, 
Massachusetts, August 1, 1866. 

Whitman, Lemuel. — He was a 

graduate of Yale College in 1800 ; was a 
Representative in Congress, from Con- 
necticut, from 1823 to 1824; and died at 
Earmington, Nov^ember 18, 1841. 

Wliitney, Thomas JR.— He was born 
in New York City in 1804; served two 
years in the Assembly of that State, and 
was a Representative in Congress, from 
New York, from 1855 to 1857. He de- 
voted much of his life to literary pursuits, 
having been at one time editor of the 
New York " Sunday News," and was the 
author of a poem called the " Ambus- 
cade," and a political work entitled " The 
American Policy Vindicated." He died 
April 12, 1858. 



BIOGBAPHICAL BECOBDS. 



413 



Whittemore, EUas.—TLe was born 
in Rockingham County, New Hampshire, 
and was a Representative in Congress, 
from New York, from 1825 to 1827. 

Whittlesey, Elisha. — He was born 
in Washiugton, Connecticut, October 10, 
1783 ; he spent a part of his boyhood on a 
farm ; received an academical education ; 
studied law; and In 1806 removed to the 
Western Reserve of Ohio, from which 
district he was a Representative in Con- 
gress fi'ora 1823 to 1839. He served in 
the war of 1812 as Aide-de-camp to Gen- 
eral E. Wadsworth; was for sixteen 
years a Prosecuting Attorney; and was 
elected to the State Legislature in 1820 
and in 1821. He was appointed, by Pres- 
ident Harrison, Auditor for the Post Of- 
fice Department, and, by President Taj'- 
lor, was appointed First Comptroller of 
the Treasury, which office he continued 
to hold until the accession of President 
Buchanan. He was reappointed to the 
same position, by President Lincoln, in 
1861. Died in Washington, January 7, 
1863. 

Whittlesey, Frederick. — He was 
born in Washington, Connecticut, in 
June, 1799; graduated at Yale College in 
1818 ; studied law, and was admitted to 
the bar at Utica, New York, itj 1821 ; set- 
tled in Rochester in 1822 ; was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from 1831 to 1835; 
in 1839 he was chosen Vice-Chancellor of 
the Eighth Judicial District of New York, 
and retained the office eight years ; he 
was also a Judge of the Supreme Court of 
the State; and in 1850 he was elected 
Professor of Law in Genesee College. 
He died in Rochester, New York, Septem- 
ber 19, 1851. 

• Whittlesey, Thomas T.— He was 

born in Connecticut; graduated at Yale 
College in 1817; and vvas a Representa- 
tive in Congress, from his native State, 
from 1836 to 1839. 

Whittlesey, William, A. —He was 
born in Connecticut; graduated at Yale 
College; studied law, and settled in 
practice in Ohio ; and was a Representa- 
tive in Congress, from that State, from 
1849 to 1851. 

Wick, William W. — Born in 
Canonsburg, Washington County, Penn- 
sylvania, February 23, 1796. He received 
a classical education, and was pursuing a 
collegiate course when the death of his 
father threw him upon his own re- 
sources ; he then followed the occupation 
of a teacher, and devoted his leisure hours 
to the study of medicine until 1818, when 
he was induced to adopt the law as his pro- 
fession, and prosecuted his studies with 
the Hon. Thomas Corwin, and located, 
for practice, in Fayette County, Indiana, 



in 1820. He was that year Assistant 
Clerk of the House of Representatives, 
and in 1821 Assistant Secretary of the 
State Senate. In 1822 he was chosen 
President Judge of the Fifth Judicial Cir- 
cuit, and in 1825 became Secretary of 
State; in 1829 he was Attorney for the 
State in the same circuit, from which of- 
fice he retired in 1831, and was again 
President Judge for three years ; in 1839 
he was elected a Representative in Con- 
gress, and again in 1845 and 1847 ; in 1850 
he was again chosen President Judge, and 
from 185.3 to 1857 Postmaster at Indian- 
apolis. He served in the Militia of the 
State as Brigadier-General, Quartermas- 
ter and Adjutant-General. In 1857 he re- 
sumed the practice of the legal profession. 
Died at home in May, 1868. 

WicJees, EUphaleL—Tie was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from New York, 
from 1805 to 1807. 

WicJcliffe, Charles A.—Ue was 
born in Bardstown, Kentucky, June 8, 
1788; was educated at the Bardstown 
grammar-school; studied law, and at- 
tained a high position at the bar. In 1812 
he was appointed Aide-de-camp to Gen- 
eral Winlock, and during the same year 
was elected to the State Legislature, and 
re-elected in 1813. He was at the battle 
of the Thames as Aid to General Cald- 
well, after which he was again elected to 
the Legislature, where he continued until 
elected to Congress, from Kentucky, in 
1823, and to which he was four times re- 
elected. He was for several sessions 
Chairman of the Committee on Public 
Lands. On his retirement from Congress, 
in 1833, he was again elected to the Leg- 
islature, and was Speaker in 1834; in 
1836 he was elected Lieutenant-Governor 
of Kentucky; on the death of Governor 
Clark, in 1839, he became Acting Govern- 
or, and in 1841 was appointed Postmas- 
ter-General by President Tyler. In 1845 
he was sent, by President Polk, on a secret 
mission to Texas, to look after annexa- 
tion; in 1849 he was a member of the 
Convention called to revise the State Con- 
stitution; and in 1861 he once again 
became a Representative in Congress, from 
Kentucky, having previously occupied a 
seat in the "Peace Convention" of Feb- 
ruary in that year, and served to the 
close of the Thirty-seventh Congress. He 
was also a Delegate to the " Chicago Con- 
vention" of 1866. 

Widgery, William.— lie was Llea- 
tenaut of a Privateer in the Revolutionary 
war; served in the Massachusetts Legis- 
lature in 1789, 1791, 1793, 1794, and 1797; 
a State Councillor in 1806 and 1807; 
Judge of the Court of Common Pleas frpra 
1813 to 1822; and a Representative in 
Congress, from Massachusetts, from 1811 



414 



BIOaiiAPHICAL BEC0BD8. 



to 1813. He was born in Philadelphia in 
1753, and died in Boston, August 7, 1822. 

Wlgfall, Leivis T.— He was a Sen- 
ator ill Congress, from Texas, from 1859 
until that State seceded, when he became 
identified with the great Rebellion as a 
Brigadier-General. Was expelled from 
the Senate in July. 1861 ; and after the war 
he settled in Loudon. 

Wilbur, Isaac. — Born in Rhode Isl- 
and; was for many years Chief Justice 
of the Supreme Court of the State, and in 
1803 was Acting Governor. He was a 
Representative in Congress, from Rhode 
Islaud, from 1807 to 1809. 

Wilcox, JedwtUun. — Born in li]"ew 
Hampshire in 17U9, and died at Orford, 
in the same State, in July, 1838. He was 
a Representative in Congress from 1813 to 

1817. 

Wilcox, John A. — He was born in 
Xorth Carolina, and, on removing to Mis- 
sissippi, was elected a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1851 to 
1853. 

Wilcox, Ijeonard. — He was a native 
of New Hampshire; graduated at Dart- 
mouth College in 1817; was a member of 
the State Legislature ; was a Judge of the 
Superior Court; and was a Senator in 
Congress, from New Hampshire, during 
the years 1842 and 1813. He died in 1850, 
aged fifty years. 

Wilde, MicJiard Henry.— IIq was 
born in the City of Dublin, September 21, 
1789. His childhood was passed in Balti- 
more. His father having died, he ob- 
tained the rudiments of learning from his 
mother and a private tutor, and in his 
eleventh year was placed as a clerk in a 
store ; in 1802 he went with his mother to 
Augusta, Georgia, and the twain obtained 
a living by merchandising, in a small way, 
the boy devoting all his leisure to books. 
Uudcr many difficulties he studied law, 
and practised with success ; also devoted 
himself to polite literature ; as an Advo- 
cate he rose to eminence ; was made At- 
torney-General of Georgia; and, in 1815, 
was elected a Representative in Congress, 
from that State; was re-elected in 1823, 
and again in 1827, serving with marked 
ability until 1835. After leaving Congress 
he visited Europe, and and on his return 
devoted himself to literature, politics, and 
law. In 1843 he removed to New Orleans, 
where he added to his reputation as a 
lawyer, and was elected Professor of 
Constitutional Law in the University of 
Louisiana. He died in New Orleans, Sep- 
tember 10, 1847, leaving a reputation 
composed of the elements of the states- 
man, the orator, and the poet. One of his 
lyrics, enti 'ied " My Life is like a Summer 



Rose," attracted the praise of Lord Byron. 
His literary productions were quite nu- 
merous, and they all bear the impress of a 
gifted and highly educated mind. His 
principal work was a "Life of Tasso," 
which evinced his familiarity with Italian 
literature, and gave him a rank among the 
best scholars. 

Wilder, A. Carter. — He was born 
in Mendou, Worcester County, Massachu- 
setts, March 18, 1828 ; in 1850 removed to 
Rochester, New York, and in 1857 to Kan- 
sas, where he was engaged in mercantile 
pursuits; was a Delegate to the " Chicago 
Convention" in 1860; and in 18G2 he was 
elected a Representative, from Kansas, to 
the Thirty-eighth C<mgress, serving on 
the Committee on Indian Afitiirs. He w^as 
also a Delegate to the "Baltimore Con- 
vention" of 1864. 

Wildman, Zahnon. — He was from 
Danbury, Connecticut; and was elected a 
Representative in Conorress, from that 
State, from 1835 to 1836. He died at 
Washington, District of Columbia, De- 
cember 10, 1835, before the expiration of 
his terra. 

WildricTc, I^aac. — He was born in 
New Jersey; and was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1849 to 
1853. 

Wiley, J'aines 5.— He was born in 
Maine; graduated at Waterville College 
in 1836; studied law; and was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Maine, from 
1847 to 1849. 

Willcin, James XF.— Born in 1762; 
graduated at Princeton College in 1785; 
was a member of the Legislature of New 
York in 1800 ; and held many other places 
in the gift of his fellow-citizens ; and was 
a Representative in Congress from 1815 
to 1819. He died at Goshen, New York, 
February 23, 1845. 

Willcin, Samuel J".— He was born 
in New York; graduated at Princeton Col- 
lege in 1812 ; and was a Representative in 
Congress, from New York, from 1831 to 
1833 ; having been in the State Assembly, 
from Orange County, in 1824 and 1825. 
He was also the Whig candidate for Lieu- 
tenant-Governor on the ticket with Mil- 
lard Fillmore. Died in Goshen, Orange 
County, New York, March 11, 1866, aged 
seventy-six years. 

Wilkins, Williain.—Re was born 
in 1779; was a Senator in Congress, from 
Pennsylvania, from 1831 to 1834 ; a Rep- 
resentative in Congress from 1843 to 1844 ; 
Secretary of War, from 1844 to 1845, under 
President Tyler; and was appointed Min- 
ister Plenipotentiary to Russia in 1834. 
He subsequently held the office of Judge 



BIOGBAPHICAL BECOBDS. 



415 



of the United S^tes District Court for 
Western Pounsvlvania; iaud died near 
Pittsbiu-gh, June 23, 1865. 

WilMnson, 3Iorton S.—Wsls born 
in Skeneateles, Onondaga County, New 
York, January 22, 1819; received an aca- 
demical education, working occasionally 
upon his father's farm ; in 1837 he removed 
to Illinois, and was employed for two 
years upon the railroad works then com- 
menced in that State ; returned to his na- 
tive town, studied law, and was admitted 
to the bar, after which he removed to the 
West again, and settled at Eaton Rapids, 
in Michigan ; in 1847 he settled in Minne- 
sota, and in 1849, when that Territory 
was organized, he was elected to the Leg- 
islature, and the laws adopted by the 
Territory as its code were of his draught- 
ing; and in 1S59 he was chosen a Senator 
in Congress, from Minnesota, for the term 
ending in 1865, serving as Chairman of 
the Committee on Eevolutionary Claims, 
and as a member of the Committee on In- 
dian Atfairs. He was also a Dele,i?ate to 
the "Baltimore Convention" of 1864, and 
to the Phihidelphia " Loyalists' Conven- 
vention" of 1866. 

Willey, Calvin, — Born at East Had- 
dam, Connecticut, September 15, 1776 ; he 
read law, and was admitted to the bar in 
1798 ; he served in the State Legislature 
and Senate a number of years, and was 
Postmaster at Stafford Springs eight 
years; Judge of Probate for seven years ; 
in 1824 he was a Presidential Elector; and 
a Senator in Congress from 1825 to 1831. 
He died at Stafford, Connecticut, August 
23, 1858. 

Willey, Waitman T.— Was born 
on Buffalo Creek, Monongalia County, 
Virginia, October 18, 1811; received a 
common-school education, and graduated 
at Madison College in 1831 ; studied law, 
and came to the bar in 1833 ; in 1841 he 
was elected Clerk of the Monongalia 
County Court; subsequently Clerk of the 
Circuit Court, holding the two fourteen 
years ; in 1850 he was elected to the Con- 
vention to reform the Constitution of Vir- 
ginia; in 1853 he delivered a series of 
lectures on Methodism, took part in va- 
rious local societies, lectured on various 
topics, and wrote for the reviews ; in 1858 
he was a Delegate to the " National Con- 
vention " of that year; in the winter of 
1860 and 1861 he was a Delegate to the 
"Richmond Convention; " and in 1861 he 
was elected by the reorganized Legisla- 
ture of Virginia a Senator in Congress ; 
and at the close of that year was a Dele- 
gate to the Wheeling " Constitutional 
Convention ; " and in 1863 he was elected 
a Senator in Congress from West Vir- 
ginia, serving on the Committees on Naval 
Affairs, the District of Columbia, and En- 
grossed Bills. In 1863 the degree of LL.D. 



was conferred upon him by Alleghany 
College of Pennsylvania. In 1804 he Wiis 
re-elected to tlie Senate for the term com- 
mencing in 1865 and ending in 1871, serv- 
ing as Chairman of the Committee on 
Patents and the Patent Oillce, and also of 
that on Claims. He was also a Delegate 
to the Philadelphia " Loyalists' Conven- 
tion" of 1806. 

Williams, Benjainin.—lle was a 

native of North Carolina; a patriot of the 
Revolution; and a member of Congress 
from 1793 to 1795. He also served many 
years in the State Legislature, and was 
twice elected Governor of North Carolina, 
in 1799 and 1807. He died in Moore 
County, of that State. 

Williams, Christopher II . — He 

was born in Tennessee; and a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from that State, from 
1837 to 1843, and again from 1849 to 1863. 

Williams, David R. — He was a 

Representative in Congress, from South 
Carolina, from 1805 to 1809, and again 
from 1811 to 1813, in which year he was 
appointed, by President Madison, Briga- 
dier-General. He was also Governor of 
South Carolina from 1814 to 1816. 

Williams, George H. — He was 

born in Columbia County, New York, 
March 23, 1823 ; received an academical 
education in Onondaga County, studied 
law, and on being admitted to the bar in 
1844 immediately emigrated to Iowa; in 
1847 he was elected Judge of the first Ju- 
dicial District of that State ; was a Pres- 
idential Elector in 1852 ; from President 
Pierce he received, in 1853, the appoint- 
ment of Chief Justice of the Territory of 
Oregon, and was reappointed by Presi- 
dent Buchanan in 1857, but resigned; was 
a member of the " Constitutional Conven- 
tion " which preceded the formation of a 
State Government; and in 1804 he was 
elected a Senator in Congress, from Ore- 
gon, for the term commencing in 1805 and 
ending in 1871, serving on the Commit- 
tees on the Judiciary, on Claims, on Pri- 
vate Land Claims, on Finance, and the 
Special Committees on the Rebellious 
States and Retrenchment, and as Chair- 
man of the Committees on the Expenses 
of the Senate and Private Land Claims. 
He was also a member of the National 
Committee to accompany the remains of 
President Lincoln to Illinois. 

William,s, Henry.— ^e was born in 
Taunton, Massachusetts, in November 
1804; adopted the profession of law; and 
was a Representative in Congress, from 
that State, from 1839 to 1841, and from 
1843 to 1845. He was also a Senator for 
two years ; and a Representative in the 
State Legislature for three years. 



416 



BIOaBAPHICAL BECOBDS. 



Williams, Hezehiah.—Yie was born 
in Woodstock, Windsor County, Venaiont; 
graduated at Dartmouth College in 1820; 
studied law ; was Register of Probate 
from 1824: to 1838; a State Senator from 
1839 to ISil ; and was a Representative in 
Congress, from Maine, from 1845 to 1849. 
He died October 24, 1856, aged fifty-eight 
years. 

Williams, Jr.s Isaac— He was a 

native of New York; and was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from that State, 
from 1814 to 1815, and from 1817 to 1819, 
and again from 1823 to 1825. 

Williams, James IF.— He was a 
native of Maryland, and was for many 
3'ears a prominent member of the Legis- 
lature of that State, being for a time 
Speaker of the House of Delegates. In 
May, 1841, he was elected to Congress as 
a Representative, and continued a mem- 
ber of that body until the time of his 
death, in December, 1842. While on his 
way to Washington, December 2, 1843, 
he was stricken with paralysis, while in 
his carriage, and survived the attack but 
a short time. His age was about fifty- 
five years. 

Williams, J'ared.—'Re was born in 

Montgomery County, Maryland, March 4, 
1706, and died in Frederick County, Vir- 
ginia, January 2, 1831. In 1811 he was 
elected to the House of Delegates of Vir- 
ginia and served a number of years ; and 
he was a Representative in Congress, from 
Virginia, from 1819 to 1825. In 1829 he 
was a Presidential Elector, voting for 
General Jackson, and was appointed, by 
the Electoral College, to transmit the 
vote to Washington. When not in public 
life, he was devoted to the pursuits of 
agriculture. 

Williams, Jared W. — He was born 
in New Hampshire ; graduated at Brown 
University in 1818 ; settled as a lawyer in 
Lancaster; and was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1837 to 
1841 ; and a Senator in Congress from 
1853 to 1854, by appointment, in place of 
C. G. Atherton, deceased. He was Gov- 
ernor of New Hampshire from 1847 to 
1849 ; served several terms in the State 
Legislature ; and died in Lancaster, New 
Hampshire, September 29, 1864. 

William,s, tToTm. — He was a Dele- 
gate, from North Carolina, to the Conti- 
nental Congress, from 1787 to 1788, and 
signed the Articles of Confederation. 

Williams, J'oJm.—'H.e was a mem- 
ber of the New York Senate, from 1777 to 
1779, and from 1783 to 1795, from Wash- 
ington County; of the Assembly from 
1781 to 1782; and a Representative iu 



Congress, from New Yflrk, from 1795 to 
1799. 

Williatns, John. — He was a Senator 
in Congress, from Tennessee, from 1815 
to 1823, and was highly respected for his 
talents and character. He died at Kuox- 
ville, August 7, 1837. 

Williatns, John. — He was born in 
New York, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1855 to 
1857. 

• 
William^s, Joseph i.— He was born 
in Tennessee, and was a Representative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1837 
to 1843. 

Williams, Lemuel.— IIq graduated 
at Harvard University in 1765, and was a 
Representative in Congress, from Massa- 
chusetts, from 1799 to 1805. He died in 
1827. 

Williams, Leivis.—Bovn in Surry 
County, North Carolina; graduated at the 
University of North Carolina in 1808; 
entered the House of Commons of his 
native State in 1813; was re-elected in 
1814 ; and was a Representative in Congress 
from 1815 to 1842, where, for his many 
good qualities and his long service, he 
was known as the " Father of the House." 
He died in Washington, wliile represent- 
ing his State iu Congress, February 23, 
1842, aged nearly sixty years. He was for 
fifteen years Chairman of the Committee 
on Claims. 

Williams, Marm-aduJce. — Born 

April 6, 1772, in Caswell County, North 
Carolina; he was a lawyer by profession, 
and served as a Representative in Con- 
gress, from his native State, from 1803 to 
1809. In 1810 he removed, with his fam- 
ily, to Madison Couutj"^, Alabama, and 
thence to Tuscaloosa, in 1818. He was 
repeatedly elected to the Legislature,- and 
was a Delegate, from Tuscaloosa County, 
to the Convention which formed the State 
Constitution. Was a candidate for Gov- 
ernor, but defeated by William W. Bibb. 
In 1826 was appointed a Commissioner to 
adjust the unsettled accounts between 
Alabama and Mississippi, growing out of 
their territorial relationship. In 1832 was 
elected Judge of the County Court, which 
office he held until April, 1842, when he 
resigned, having attained the age of 
seventy, which the Constitution declares 
a disqualification for the bench. He died 
in Tuscaloosa, October 29, 1850. 

Williams, Nathan.— Tie was born 
in New York; served in the State Assem- 
bly, from Onondaga, in 1816, 1817, and 
1818; and was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from New York, from 1805 to 1807. 



moGnAFniCAL records. 



417 



Willlatns, JReuel. — Born in Hallo- 
well (now Augusta), Maine, June 2, 1783; 
had an academic education, and was a 
law^yer by profession. He was a Repre- 
sentative and Senator in the Legislature 
of Maine for twelve years, and a Senator 
in Congress from 1837 to 1843. He re- 
ceived,"fi-om Bowdoiu College, the degree 
of LL.D., and was a Trustee of that 
institution. He was also a Presidential 
Elector in 183G, Died at Augusta in 18G2. 

Williams, Rohert. — He was born in 
Caswell County, North Carolina, and bred 
to the law. He was the brother of Mar- 
maduke AVilliams, and distinguished for 
his attainments ; Avas an Adjutant-General 
of North Carolina, and a Kepresentative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1797 to 
1803, and was appointed Commissioner of 
Land Titles in Mississippi Territory in 
1803. He was also Governor of the Ter- 
ritory of Mississippi from 1805 to 1809. 
He emigrated to Tennessee towards the 
close of his life and died in Louisiana. 

Williams, SJierrod.—tle was born 
in Kentucky, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1835 to 
1841. 

Williams, Thomas. — Was born in 
Greeusburg, Westmoreland County, Penn- 
sylvania, August 28, 1806; graduated at 
Dickinson College in 1825 ; studied law, 
and came to the bar in 1828 ; settled in 
Pittsburg, from which place he was sent, 
as Senator to the State Legislature in 
1838, and the three following j'-ears ; in 
1860 he was re-elected to the lower house 
of the Legislature ; and in 1862 he was 
elected a Representative, from Pennsyl- 
vania, to the Thirty-eighth Congress, 
serving on the Committee on the Judiciary. 
Re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress, 
serving on the Committees on the Judi- 
ciary, and on Coinage, Weights and 
Measures ; re-elected to the Fortieth 
Congress, serving on his old committees, 
and was one of the Managers of the Im- 
peachment of Andrew Johnson. 

Willia^ns, Thomas Jlill.—Wns a 
native of North Carolina, and read law, 
but relinquished the profession for a clerk- 
ship in the War Department at Washing- 
ton. In 1805 he was appointed, by 
President Jefl'erson, Register of the Land 
Office, and Commissioner for deciding 
Land Claims in the Territory of Missis- 
sippi ; he subsequently held the office for 
a few years of Collector of New Orleans ; 
and was a Senator in Congress, from Mis- 
sissippi, from 1817 to 1831. Late in life 
he removed to Tennessee, and there died. 

Williams, Thomas jff.— He emi- 
grated to the northern part of Missis- 
sippi soon after the cession of Indian 
territory in that quarter, and held the 
27 



ofHce of a Senator in Congress, from Mis- 
sissippi, during the years 1838 and 1839, 
by executive appoiutmeut. 

Williams, TJiom,as Scott. — Born 

at Wetherslield, Connecticut, June 26, 
1777; graduated at Yale College in 1794; 
studied law at Litchfield; was admitted 
to the bar in Windham County, in 1799, 
and commenced practice at Mansfield, 
whence he removed to Hartford in 1803, 
In 1809 he was appointed Attorney of the 
Board of Managers of the Scliool Fund. 
He represented the town of Hartford in 
the General Assembly for seven terms, 
from 1813 to 1829; and was elected a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from Connecti- 
cut, from 1817 to 1819. In 1829 he was 
appointed an Associate Judge of the Su- 
preme Court of Errors, and in 1834 was 
appointed Chief Justice, and in the same 
year he received the degree of LL.D. from 
Yale College. He was Mavor of the City 
of Hartford from 1831 to 'l835. In 1847 
he resigned his position as Chief Justice, 
his term having expired by constitutional 
limitation. He was for twenty years 
President of the American Asylum for the 
Deaf and Dumb, and Vice President for a 
long time of the Insane Retreat at Hart- 
ford, and of the Board of Foreign Mis- 
sions, and subsequently President of the 
American Tract Society. He lived in re- 
tirement at Hartford, until December 15, 
1861, when he died, leaving a much-loved 
name for his benevolence. Elector in 1848. 

Williams, Thomas IF.— Born in 

Stonington, Connecticut, September 28, 
1789; was educated at Plainfield and 
Stonington Academies; received a com- 
mercial education in New York City, and 
was engaged in mercantile business in 
New London, Connecticut, for many years. 
He was a Representative in Congress, 
from Connecticut, from 1839 to 1843; a 
member of the Legislature in 1846 ; and 
chosen Presidential Elector in 1848. 

Williams, William. — He was born 
in Lebanon, Windham County, Connecti- 
cut, April 8, 1731 ; graduated at Harvard 
College in 1751; in 1755 he was commis- 
sioned as a Staff Officer, and after one cam- 
paign among the Indians, returned home 
and commenced the mercantile business. 
Soon after he was elected Town Clerk, a 
member of the Assembly of Connecticut, 
and a Justice of the Peace, and was, for 
nearly one hundred sessions, member. 
Clerk, or Speaker of the House of Repre- 
sentatives. At the commencement of the 
war he was a member of the Council of 
Safety; was one of the signers of the 
Declaration of Independence; and a Del- 
egate to the Continental Congress from 
1776 to 1778, and again in 1783 and 1784. 
When the government Treasury was 
drained, he gave to his country what he 
called his " last mite," which amounted to 



418 



BIOGBAFIIICAL BECOBDS. 



more than $2,000, and he was very fortu- 
nate in obtainini? donations from X)thers. 
Por forty years he held the more honora- 
ble local offices of his town and county; 
and was a member of the Convention 
which formed the first Constitution of 
Connecticut. Died August 2, 1811, greatly 
lamented. 

Williams, William. — He was born 
near Carlisle, Cumberland County, Penn- 
sylvania, May 11, 1821; received a good 
English education; adopted the profes- 
sion of law, and, on removing to Indiana, 
Avas chosen Treasurer of Kosciusko Coun- 
ty in 1850; in 1852 was the unsuccessful 
Whig candidate for Lieutenant-Governor 
of the State; in 1860 he was chosen by 
the Legislature Director of the Northern 
Indiana State Prison ; in 1862 he was 
commissioned by the Governor, Com- 
mandant of Camp Allen, with the rank of 
Colonel; in 1864 he was appointed an ad- 
ditional Paymaster of the United States ; 
and in 1866 was elected a Eepresentative 
from Indiana to the Fortieth Congress, 
serving on the Committees on the Dis- 
trict of Columbia, Expenditures in the 
War Department, and Education in the 
District of Columbia. 

Williainsofif Hugh. — Born in Penn- 
sylvania, December 5, 1735, and died sud- 
denly. May 22, 1819. He graduated at 
the University of Pennsylvania in 1757; 
studied divinity, and preached two years ; 
in 1760 was appointed Professor of Math- 
ematics in the University of Pennsylvania ; 
resigned in 1764, and went to Edinburgh 
to study medicine ; on his return, in 1772, 
settled in practice in his profession in 
Philadelphia; he again visited Europe, 
and had much to do with matters con- 
nected with the Revolution; he subse- 
quently engaged in commercial pursuits, 
and an accident took him to Edenton, 
North Carolina. With that State he was 
long and honorably identified. He served 
a number of years in the House of Com- 
mons; also in the Continental Congress 
from 1782 to 1785, and from 1787 to 1788 ; 
was a Delegate to the Convention which 
formed the Constitution of the United 
States, and signed the same ; was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from North Caro- 
lina, from 1790 to 1793 ; and was one of 
those who voted for locating the Seat of 
Government on the Potomac. In 1811 he 
published a work on the Climate of 
America; in 1812, a History of North 
Carolina ; and he was associated with De 
Witt Clinton, in 1814, ia forming the 
Literary and Philosophical Society of 
New York. He enjoyed the respect of all 
who knew him, and died universally la- 
mented. ^^, ..^,^ 

Williavfison, William X).— Born 
in Canterbury, Connecticut, July 31, 1779 ; 
graduated at Brown University in 1804; 



studied and adopted the law as a profes- 
sion, commencing practice in 1807, at 
Bangor ; he was for seven years in the 
Senate of Massachusetts, before the sepa- 
ration of Maine, also a Senator in the 
Maine Legislature in 1821; part of that 
year Acting Goveimor of Maine ; a mem- 
ber of Congress, from Maine, from 1821 
to 1823; Judge of Probate from 1827 to 
1840; and a Bank Commissioner from 
1838 to 1841. He was author, also, of a 
History of Maine. Died at Baugor, May 
27, 1846. 

Willing, Thotnas.— lie was one of 

the first to talk about resisting the Brit- 
ish in Pennsylvania ; was Chairman of a 
Revolutionary meeting in June, 1774 ; and 
he was Delegate to the Continental Con- 
gress in 1775 and 1776. 

Willis, Francis. — He was born in 
Frederick County, Virginia, January 5, 
1825; received a good education; and, 
removing to Georgia in 1784, he was a 
Representative in Congress, from that 
State, from 1791 to 1793. In 1811 he took up 
his residence in Tennessee, and led the life 
of a retired gentleman. He died in Maury 
County, Tennessee, January 25, 1829. 

Willoughhy , J'r.,Westel. — He was 

a Representative in Congress, from New 
York, from 1816 to 1817. 

Wihnot, David.— Born at Bethany, 
Wayne County, Pennsylvania, January 
20, 1814. He was educated at Bethany 
Academy, and at Aurora, Cayuga County, 
New York; read law, and was admitted to 
the bar in 1834; he was a member of Con- 
gress from 1845 to 1851 ; and subsequently 
President Judge of the Thirteenth Judicial 
District of Pennsylvania, which position 
he resigned,but to which he was re-elected. 
He was the author of a slavery proviso, 
which caused some excitement in Con- 
gress when he was a member. In 1861 he 
was elected a Senator in Congress, where 
he remained until 1863, serving on the 
Committees on Foreign Affairs, on Claims, 
and on Pensions. He was also a Dele- 
gate to the "Peace Congress" of 1861. 
In 1863 he was appointed, by President 
Lincoln, a Judge of the Court of Claims ; 
and died in Towanda, Pennsylvania, 
March 16, 1868. 

Wilson^ Alexander. — He was a 

Representative in Congress, from Vir- 
ginia, from 1804 to 1809. 

Wilson, Edgar C, — He was a na- 
tive of Virginia, and was a Representa- 
tive in Congress, fi'om that State, from 
1833 to 1835. Died at Morgantown, Vir- 
ginia, in May, 1860. 

Wilson, E. K. — He graduated at 
Princeton College in 1789, and was a 



BIOGBAPUICAL BECOBDS. 



41D 



Representative in Congress, from Mary- 
land, from 1827 to 18317 

Wilson, Henry. — He was born in 
Dauphin County, Pennsylvania, and was 
a liepresentatlve in Congress, from tliat 
State, from 1823 to 1826. Died in 
Alleutown, Pennsylvania, August 14, 
1826. 

Wilson, Senrj/.— Born February 16, 
1812, in Fai'mington, New Hampshire; 
was brought up on a farm; and Avhen 
twenty-one went to Natick,Massachusetts, 
where he learned to malve shoes. In 18iO 
he was elected to the Legislatvire of Mas- 
sachusetts, in which he served four years, 
and then four years in the State Senate, of 
which he was President two sessions. In 
1848 he became the Proprietor and Editor 
of the " Boston Republican ; " in 1852 he 
was the Free Soil candidate for Congress, 
but was defeated ; in 1853 he was a mem- 
ber of the " State Constitutional Conven- 
tion," and has since then taken an active 
part in political conventions ; and in 1855 
lie was elected a Senator in Congress, 
and was re-elected in 1859 for along term. 
From 1842 to 1851 he was actively con- 
nected with the Militia of Massaclmsetts 
as Major, Colonel, and Brigadier-General. 
In 1861 he raised tlae Twenty-second Eeg- 
Imeut of Massaclmsetts Volunteers, of 
which he became Colonel, and, after join- 
ing the army of the Potomac, was made a 
a member of General McClellan's staff, on 
which he served until the meeting of Con- 
gress. From tlie commencement of the 
war he was Chairman of the Committee 
on Military Affiiirs, which had to pass on 
eleven thousand appointments, and to de- 
vise most important measures of legisla- 
tion during the Eebellion. In 1856 he 
was challenged by Preston Brooks, of 
South Carolina, for pronouncing his as- 
sault on Senator Sumner "murderous, 
brutal, and cowardly ; " but he replied 
that, while believing in the right of self- 
defence, he declined the challenge, as 
duelling, in his opinion, was a violation of 
law, and the relic of a barbarous age. He 
was again re-elected to the Senate for the 
term commencing in 1865, and ending in 
1871, and was made Chairman of tlie 
Committee on Pensions, though continu- 
ing at the head of the Military Committee, 
and serving on the Committee on Appro- 
priations. He published a work entitled 
" Anti-slavery Measures in Congress," 
and a History of the Thirty-seventh and 
Thirty-eighth Congresses, as well as of 
the Congressional measures connected 
with the prosecution of the war for the 
Union. He was the originator of the bill 
abolishing slavery in the District of Co- 
lumbia, and also that establishing the 
American Academy of Sciences. He was 
also one of the Senators designated by 
the Senate to attend the funei'al of Gen- 
eral Scott in I8C6 ; and he was also a Dele- 



gate to the Philadelphia 
veution" of 1866. 



Loyalists' Con- 



Wilson, Isaac— During the war of 
1812 he commanded a company of cavalry, 
and was in some of the severest actions 
on the Northern frontier. He was subse- 
quently elected a member of the Assembly 
of New York, and also of the Senate. He 
Avas elected a Representative in Congress 
in 1823, and, at the end of his term, his 
seat having been successfully contested by 
P. Adams, was appointed llrst Judge of 
Genesee County, and held it until his re- 
moval to Batavia, Illinois, where he died 
October 25, 1848. 

Wilson, tTames.— Born near St. An- 
drews, Scotland, in 1742 ; received a classi- 
cal education, and had for tutors Doctors 
Blair and Watts ; emigrated to Philadel- 
phia in 1766, and became tutor in the col- 
lege of that city ; adopted the profession 
of law, and removed to Reading, and soon 
afterwards to Carlisle; lived a year in 
Maryland, and then settled in Philadel- 
phia; was an active member of a war con- 
vention in 1773; was a Delegate, to the 
Continental Congress, from 1775 to 1778, 
in 1782-'83, and from 1785 to 1787; was a 
signer of the Declaration of Indepen- 
dence ; on the commencement of hostilities 
he was appointed a Colonel in the army, 
and was a Commissioner to treat with tlie 
Indians. When not in Congress he acted 
as Advocate-General for the French na- 
tion ; was a Director in the Bank of North 
America; was a member of the Conven- 
tion to form the Federal Constitution, and 
signed that instrument; also of that to 
alter the Constitution of Pennsylvania. 
In 1789 he was appointed a Justice of the 
Supreme Court of the United States; in 
1790 he was appointed Law Professor in 
the University of Philadelphia ; received 
the degree of LL.D. ; and died August 28, 
1798, in Edenton, North Carolina, while 
upon a visit to that place. His writings 
on Politics and Jurisprudence enjoy a 
high reputation. 

Wilson, James. — Born in 1757; 
graduated at Harvard University in 1789; 
was a lawyer by profession ; and a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from New Hamp- 
shire, from 1809 to 1811. He died at 
Keene, New Hampshire, January 4, 1839. 

Wilson, J'ames.—B.e was born in 
York County, now Adams County, Penn- 
sylvania, April 28, 1779 ; received a good 
English education ; in his fourteenth year 
he was bound to learn the trade of a cabi- 
net-maker, in Maryland; fi-ora 1811 to 
1822 he was a Justice of the Peace ; and 
was a Representative, from Pennsylvania, 
to the Eighteenth, Nineteenth, and Twen- 
tieth Congresses, serving chiefly on the 
Committee on Claims. Soon after return- 
ing to private life he was again elected a 



420 



BIOGBAPIIICAL BECOBDS. 



Justice of the Peace, the duties of which 
office he continued to fill until 1859. It is 
said of him that he never solicited a vote 
for office, nor attended a political meeting 
to promote his own advancement. 

Wilson, JTaines. — He was born in 

New Hampshire ; graduated at Middlebury 
College in 1820; was Spealier of the State 
House of Representatives in 1828, and in 
the Legislature a number of years ; prac- 
tised law at Keene; was a General of 
Militia; and a Representative in Congress, 
from New Hampshire, from 1847 to 18i9. 
He subsequently settled in California. 

Wilson, James. — He was born in 
Cravvfordsville, Montgomery County, In- 
diana, April 9, 1822 ; graduated at Wabash 
College in 1842 ; was admitted to the bar 
in 1845 ; went to Mexico in 1846 as a pri- 
vate in the Indiana regiment, and before 
liis return home was promoted to the 
office of Quartermaster; and was elected 
a Representative, from Indiana, to the 
Thirty-fifth Congress, and was a member 
of the Committee on Elections. He was 
also re-elected to the Thirtj'-sixth Con- 
gress, serving on the Committee on Naval 
Affairs. In 1866 he was appointed, by Pres- 
ident Johnson, Minister Resident to Ven- 
ezuela. Died in August, 1867. 

Wilson, James F. — Was born in 
Newark, Ohio, October 19, 1828 ; resided 
there until 1853, when he removed to 
Iowa; in 1856 was elected a member of 
the Convention to revise the IState Con- 
stitution; in 1857 he was appointed, by 
the Governor of the State, Assistant Com- 
missioner of the Des Moines River Im- 
provement; in 1857 he was elected to the 
State Legislature ; in 1859 he was elected 
to the State Senate, and in 1861 was 
President of the Senate ; during that year 
he was elected a Representative, from 
Iowa, to the Thirty-seventh Congress, for 
the unexpired term of S. R. Curtis; and 
re-elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, 
serving as Chairman of the Committee on 
the Judiciary. Re-elected to the Thirty- 
ninth Congress, continuing at the head of 
the Judiciary Comraiftee, serving as 
Chairman also of that on Unfinished Busi- 
ness, and as a member of the Committee 
ou the Air-line Railroad to New York. 
Re-elected to the Fortieth Congress, 
serving ou his old committees ; and was 
one of the Managers in the Impeachment 
trial of Andrew Johnson. 

Wilson, James J".— Born in Essex 
County, New .Jersey ; for many years edi- 
tor of the " True American," at Trenton ; 
and he was a Senator in Congress, from 
New Jersey, from 1815 to 182i, when he 
resigned, and was appointed Postmaster 
at Trenton, New Jersey. He was also for 
many years Clerk of the State Assembly, 
and died July 28, 1824. He was also at 



one time Adjutant-General of the State, 
and always a man of influence. 

Wilson, John. — He was born in 

1777 ; graduated at Harvard University in 
1799; studied law, and attained a high 
position in his profession; and was a 
Representative in Congress, from Massa- 
chusetts, from 1813 to 1815, and from 
1817 to 1819. He died at Belfast, Maine, 
July 9, 1848. 

Wilson, John, — He was born in York 
District, South Carolina, and was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from that State, 
from 1821 to 1827 ; also a Presidential 
Elector in 1809. 

Wilson, John T.— He was born in 
Highland County, Ohio, April 16, 1811; 
received a common-school education, and 
spent his youth upon a farm ; was twen- 
ty-four years engaged in mercantile pur- 
suits, and then retired to a farm. In 1861 
he raised a company for the war, and was 
commissioned as its Captain ; was subse- 
quently twice elected to tlie Ohio Senate, 
and in 1866 he was elected a Representa- 
tive, from Ohio, to the Fortieth Congress, 
serving on the Committees on Agriculture, 
and Roads and Canals. 

Wilson, Nathan.— Rq was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from New York, 
from 1808 to 18u9. 

Wilson, B,obert»—Ke was appointed 
a Senator in Congress, from Missouri, 
taking his seat in 1861, and serving on the 
Committee on the Pacific Railroad. Con- 
tinued in the position until November, 
1863. He was also a Delegate to the Phil- 
adelphia " National Union Convention " of 
1866. 

Wilson, Stephen F. — He was born 
in Columbia, Bradford County, Pennsylva- 
nia, September 4, 1821; spent his boyhood 
on a farm, and received his education at 
Welisboro' Academy, where he was an as- 
sistant teacher for one term ; he also, for 
a while, taught in a district school at 
Welisboro' ; studied and adopted the pro- 
fession of law ; was a borough assessor 
for one year; a school director for six 
years ; was a Senator in the State Legisla- 
ture in 1863 and 1864, and though returned 
to the State Senate, was elected a Repre- 
sentative, from Pennsylvania, to the 
Thirty-ninth Congress, serving on the 
Committees ou Revolutionaiy Claims, and 
Public Buildings and Grounds. Re-elected 
to the Fortieth Congress, serving as Chair- 
man of the Committee on Enrolled Bills, 
and on that on Education and Labor. 

Wilson, Thomas.— Re was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from "Virginia, 
from 1811 to 1813. Died January 24, 1826. 



BIOaBAPHICAL BECOBDS. 



421 



Wilson, Thomas.— He was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from Pennsvlva- 
iiia, from 1813 to 1817. Died at "Erie, 
October 4, 1824:, aged flfty-tliree years. 

Wilson, William.— lie was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Pennsylvania, 
from 1814 to 1819. 

Wilson, Williain. — He was born in 

HillsborougliCouuty,New Hampshire, and 
was a Representative in Congress, from 
Ohio, from 1823 to 1827. Died in the latter 
year, aged fifty-five years. 

Windom,, William.— Born In 'Bel- 
mont County, Ohio, May 10, 1827 ; received 
an academic education ; studied law, and 
was admitted to tlie bar in 1850; was 
elected Prosecuting Attorney for Knox 
County in 1852 ; removed to Minnesota in 
1853, and was elected a Representative, 
from that State, to the Thirty-sixth Con- 
gress, serving as a member of the Com- 
mittee on Public Lands and of the Special 
Committee of Thirty-three. Re-elected 
to the Thirty-seventh Congress, serving 
on the Committee on Public Expenditures ; 
and also to the Thirty-eighth Congress, 
serving as Chairman of the Committee on 
Indian Aifairs, and of the Special Commit- 
tee to visit tlie Indian Tribes of the West 
in 1865. Re-elected to the Thirty-ninth 
Congress, serving on the Committee on 
the Death of President Lincoln, and again 
at the head of the Committee on Indian 
Affairs, and as Chairman of a Special Com- 
mittee on the conduct of the Commis- 
sioner of Indian Affairs. He was also a 
Delegate to the Philadelphia "Loyalists' 
Convention " of 1866 ; and was re-elected 
to the Fortieth Congress, serving on old 
committees. 

Wlnfleld, Charles if.— He was 
born in Crawford, Orange County, New 
York, April 22, 1822; studied law and 
came to the bar in 1846 ; he was for six 
years District Attorney for Orange Countv, 
"from 1850 to 185G; and in 1862 he was 
elected a Representative, from New York, 
to the Thirty-eighth Congress, serving on 
the Committee on PriVate Land Claims. 
Re-elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress. 
In 18G5 he was Chairman of the State 
" Democratic Convention" previous to its 
final organization. In the Thirty-ninth 
Congress he served on the Committees on 
Foreign Affairs, and on Coinage, Weights 
and Measures, and Ways and Means. 

Wing, Austin E. — He was born in 
Hampshire County, Massachusetts ; was a 
Delegate to Congress, from the Territory 
of Michigan, from 1828 to 1832; resided 
at Monroe, and was for many years a 
leading man in all its local affairs. He 
died at Cleveland, Ohio, August 25, 1849. 

Wingate, Joseph i^.— He was born 



in Massachusetts ; was a member of the 
Legislature of that State, in 1818 and 1811) ; 
Collector of Customs at Bath, Maine, from 
1820 to 1824 ; member of the Maine Legis- 
lature in 1825 and 1826; and was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Maine, from 
1827 to 1831. 

Wingate, Paine.— He was born at 
Amesbury, Massachusetts, May 14, 1739; 
graduated at Harvard University in 1759; 
ordained as a Congregational minister at 
Hampton Falls, New Hampshire, in 1763; 
and afterwards removed to Stratham, and 
engaged iu agricultural pursuits. He was 
appointed a member of Congress under the 
Confederation in 1787; after the adoption 
of the Constitution he was elected a mem- 
ber of the United States Senate, iu 1789, 
and served till 1793, when he was elected 
a Representative in Congress, in 1793, 
serving until 1795. In 1798 he was ap- 
pointed a Judge of the Supei-ior Court of 
New Hampshire, and continued iu office 
till May, 1809, when he attained the age 
of seventy. He survived all others who 
were members of the United States Sen- 
ate at the time of his taking his seat in 
that body upon its first organization; and 
he was for some years the oldest graduate 
of his college. He was a man of talents, 
and extensive information; highly es- 
teemed and respected for his character, 
and his honorable and useful life. He died 
at Stratham, New Hampshire, March 7, 
1838. 

Winslow, Warren. — He was bora 

in Fayetteville, North Carolina January 
1, 1810; entered Chapel Hill University, 
and graduated in 1827; having studied 
law, was soon afterwards admitted to the 
bar. In 1854 he was appointed, by Presi- 
dent Pierce, a confidential agent to Mad- 
rid, on business connected with the Black 
Warrior afltiir; during his absence abroad 
he was nominated for the Senate of North 
Carolina, was elected a member thereof, 
and placed in the chair of Speaker; while 
in that position, Governor Reid was elect- 
ed to the United States Senate, and the 
duties of Governor devolved upon and 
were performed by Mr. Winslow. He was 
elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress, 
serving on the Committee on Naval 
Afliiirs; and was re-elected to the Thirty- 
fifth and Thirty-sixth Congresses, serving 
as a member of the Committee on Naval 
Aflairs, and on the Librar}', and on the 
Special Committee of Thirty-three on the 
Rebellious States. He was offered,^ by 
President Buchanan, the mission to Sar- 
dinia, but declined. He died at Fayette- 
ville, in 1863. 

Winston, Joseph.— ^ovM in Vir- 
ginia, in 1746. In 17G0 joined a company 
of rangers, and marched to the frontier of 
the State; in a battle on the Greenbrier, 
was twice wounded, and had a horse killed 



422 



JBIOGIiAPIIICAL BECOBDS. 



under him ; had a pension ^ranted to him 
by the Legislature, for liis gallantry in 
battle ; in 1766 removed to North Carolina ; 
took an active part in the Revolution; 
raised a regiment, and marched against the 
Cherokee Indians ; was appointed a Major 
in 1776, and had various actions with the 
forces of the Tories ; commanded the 
riglit wing of the American troops in the 
battle of King's Mountain, and for his 
bravery had a sword voted to him by the 
Legislature ; was elected to Congress in 
1792, and again in 1803, and served till 
1807. He was also a Presidential Elector 
in 1801. 

Winter, ElisJia J".— He was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from New York, 
from 1813 to 1815. 

Wifithrop, Mohert C— Born in Bos- 
ton, Massachusetts, May 12, 1809; grad- 
uated at Harvard College in 1828, and 
studied law with Daniel Webster. He en- 
tered the Legislature of Massachusetts in 
1835, and was Speaker of the House from 
1838 to 1840; was a member of the United 
States House of Representatives, from 
1840 to 1842, when he resigned on account 
of domestic circumstances, but was I'e- 
elected the same j^ear, and continued in 
that body until 1850, having been Speaker 
during the Congress commencing in 1847. 
He was appointed to the Senate of the 
United States to fill the vacancy occasioned 
by the resignation of Mr. Webster, and 
served from 1850 to 1851. He was Presi- 
dent of the Electoral College of Massa- 
chusetts which voted for General Scott ; 
and was President of the Historical Soci- 
ety of Massachusetts, and other literary 
and charitable associations ; also Presi- 
dent of the Commissioners chosen by the 
City of Boston for building a Public Li- 
brary. He delivered the Inaugural of the 
Eranklin Statue in 1856, and also that of 
the Washington Monument in 1848. He 
subsequently published a " Memoir of Na- 
than Appleton," and the " Life and Letters 
of John Winthrop." In 1866 he was chosen 
a Delegate to the Philadelphia " National 
Union Convention," but did not take part 
in its proceedings. 

Wise, Henry ^.— Born December 
8, 1806, in Drummondtown, Accomac 
County, Virginia ; graduated at Washing- 
ton College, Pennsylvania, at the age of 
nineteen ; studied law, and was admitted 
to the bar at Winchester, Virginia, in 1828 ; 
the same year removed to Nashville, Ten- 
nessee, and practised his profession for 
two years, when, from local attachment, 
he returned to Accomac, and became a 
Representative in Congress, serving from 
1833 to 1844, when he resigned his seat for 
the mission to Brazil, which post he oc- 
cupied until the fall of 1847. He was 
appointed Minister to France in 1843, and 
resigned, but the Senate did not confirm 



him and he was immediately returned to 
Congress. In 1848 he was one of the 
Presidential Electors of Virginia. In 1850 
he was a member of the Reform Con- 
vention of Virginia, which adopted the 
present Constitution of the State. In 
1852 he was again Presidential Elector; 
and in 1855 was elected Governor of Vir- 
ginia, which office he held until 1860. 
Served in the great Rebellion as a Briga- 
dier-General. 

Widner, Henri/.— Ke was a Dele- 
gate, from New York, to the Continental 
Congress, from 1774 to 1776. 

Witherell, Jatnes. — He was born in 
Vermont; received a limited education 
and adopted the profession of law. From 
1798 to 1803 he was a member of the State 
Legislature ; two years a County Judge ; 
and a State Councillor from 1803 to 1807. 
He was a Representative in Congress from 
Vermont during the years 1807 and 1808 
and in the latter year was appointed Fed- 
eral Judge in the Territory of Michigan 
where he long resided and died. He was 
a man of strong native powers of mind. 

Witherspoon, JTolin. — Born near 
Edinburgh, Scotland, February 5, 1722, 
and was a lineal descendant of John Knox ; 
graduated at the University of Edinburgh, 
in his twenty -first year, and was licensed 
as a preacher, assisting his father, who 
was also a pi'eacher; in 1746, while wit- 
nessing the battle of Falkirk, he was 
arrested and imprisoned ; after his re- 
lease, he declined a number of calls from 
all parts of the kingdom, but in 1766, 
through the influence of Richard Stockton, 
he was elected President of Princeton 
College, and came to America. In this 
new sphere he was eminently successful; 
at the commencement of the Revolution 
he espoused the American cause, and took 
an active part on committees and in con- 
ventions ; he was a member of the first 
" Constitutional Convention" of New Jer- 
sey in 1776; was a signer of the Declara- 
tion of Independence ; and a Delegate to 
the Continental Congress, from 1776 to 
1783, and signed the Articles of Confed- 
eration. He served in the Legislature, 
and at the same time frequently occupied 
the pulpit; revisited Scotland in 1782; 
and on his return retired to private life. 
Died at Princeton, November 15, 1794. 
He left numerous literary, political, and 
theological writings ; was distinguished 
as an orator ; and left a name that will be 
always afi"ectionately remembered by the 
people of his adopted State. 

• 

WitJierspoon, Hoberf.—Tle was a 

Representative in Congress, from South 
Carolina, from 1809 tolsil. 

Witfe, William JBT.— He was bom 
in New Jersey, and, having settled in 



BIOGBAPHICAL BECOIiDS. 



*423 



Pennsylvania, was elected a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from 1853 to 1855. 

Wolcott, Oliver, — He was the son of 
Roger Wolcott, an early Governor of Con- 
necticut, and Avas born November 26, 1726 ; 
graduated at Yale College, in his twenty- 
first year ; was immediately commissioned 
to command a company to defend the 
frontier; afterwards studied medicine, and 
in 1751 was chosen Sheriflf of Litchfield 
County. In 177J: he was appointed coun- 
sellor, and held the office twelve years ; 
he was one of the signers of the Declara- 
tion of Independence, and of the Articles 
of Confederation; a Delegate to the Con- 
tinental Congress from 1775 to 1778, and 
from 1780 to 1784: ; as a military man he 
rose to the grade of Major-General, and 
was present at the capture of Burgoyne; 
and in 1775 he was appointed Commis- 
sioner of Indian Afitiirs for the Northern 
Department. In 1785 he was associated 
with Lee and Butler in negotiating a 
treaty with the Six Nations ; in 1786 he 
was elected Lieutenant-Governor of Con- 
necticut, holding the office ten years ; and 
he was Governor of Connecticut from 
1796 until his death, which occurred in 
December, 1797, regretted by all who 
knew them. 

Wolf, George. — He was born in 
Allen Township, Northampton County, 
Pennsylvania, August 12, 1777. After 
pursuing a course of classical education 
in his own county, he studied law, be- 
came eminent, and engaged in a lucrative 
practice. In 1818 he was elected a mem- 
ber of the Legislature of his native State ; 
and he was a Representative in Congress, 
from Pennsylvania, from 1824 to 1829; 
Governor of that State from 1829 to 1835 ; 
in 1836 was appointed First Comptroller 
of the United States Treasury ; aud sub- 
sequently Collector of Customs for Phila- 
delphia, in which city he died of an afi"ec- 
tion of the heart, March 14, 1840. 

Wood, AMel, — He was a distin- 
guished mercliant of Wiscasset, Massa- 
chusetts, and a member of Congress, 
from that State, from 1813 to 1815. From 
1807 to 1811, and in 1816, he was a mem- 
ber of tlie State Legislature; a State 
Councillor in 1820 and 1821 ; and a mem- 
ber of the "Constitutional Convention" 
of 1819. He died at Belfast, Maine, No- 
vember, 1834, aged sixty-two years. 

Wood, Amos JE.— Born in Jefier- 
son County, New York, in 1810; here- 
moved with his father in 1825 to Portage 
County, Ohio. In 1833 he settled perma- 
nently in Woodville, Sandusky County; 
he twice represented his district in the 
lower branch of the Legislature, and 
once for a term of two years in the State 
Senate; and was elected a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from Ohio, from 1850 



to 1852. He died in Fort Wayne, Indiana, 
November 19, 1850. He filled the unex- 
pired term of R. Dickinson ; and the farm 
upon which he lived and died was cleared 
by his own hands. 

Wood, JSenjaitiin. — He was born in 
Shelbyville, Kentucky, October 13, 1820; 
received a good English education; has 
acquired some reputation as a novelist; 
and was elected a Representative, from 
New York, to the Thirty-seventh Con- 
gress, and re-elected to the Thirty-eighth 
Congress. He has served on the Commit- 
tees on Mileage, and on Invalid Pensions. 

Wood, Bradford R.—Ue was born 
in Connecticut, aud was a Representative 
in Congress, from New York, from 1845 
to 1847. 

Wood, Fernando.— Tiovn in Phila- 
delphia in 1812 ; and from the Juimble em- 
ployment oPa cigar-maker, he rose to the 
position of a clerk in a counting-house, 
and was for many years a ship-owner and 
successful merchant in New York. He 
was a Representative in Congress, from 
New York, from 1841 to 1843 ; aud in 1854 
was elected Mayor of the City of New 
York, and re-elected to that office. In 
1862 he was elected for a second time a 
Representative, from New York, to the 
Thirty-eighth Congress, serving on the 
Committee on Public Lands. Re-elected 
to the Fortieth Congress, serving on the 
Committees on the District of Columbia, 
and Territories. 

Wood, John, — Born in Philadelphia 
in 1816 ; was educated for the counting- 
room, in which he had an experience of 
twenty-five years, devoting himself chiefly 
to the manufacture of iron ; and never 
held any public position but that of Rep- 
resentative to the Thirty-sixth Congress, 
from Pennsylvania, to whicli he was 
elected contrary to his wishes, serving 
on the Committee on Public Expendi- 
tures. 

Wood, John J". — He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from New York, 
from 1827 to 1829. 

Wood, John iH".— He was born in 
Mininsink, Orange County, New York, 
November 17, 1813; received a good com- 
mon-school education ; was a member of 
the Legislature of Maine; and was for 
years occupied as a constructor of rail- 
roads and other public works. He was 
elected, in 1854, a Representative from 
Maine, in the Thirty-fourth Congress; 
re-elected to the Thirty-fifth Congress; 
and was a member of the Committee ou 
Post Offices and Post Roads. Died ia 
Boston, December 24, 1864. 

Wood, Joseph.— TLe was a Delegate, 



42i 



BIOGBAPHICAL BECOBDS. 



from Georgia, to the Continental Con- 
gress, from 1777 to 1779. 

Wood, Silas. —He was bora in Suf- 
folk County, New York; graduated at 
Princeton College in 1789; was the author 
of a " History of Long Island ; " and was 
a Representative in Congress, from New 
York, from 1819 to 1829. He died at 
Huntington, Suffolk County, Long Island, 
March 2, 1847, aged seventy-eight years. 

WoodhridgSf Frederich E.—He 
was born in Vei'gennes, Vermont,' August 
29, 1818; graduated at the University of 
Vermont in 1840 ; studied law, and came 
to the bar in 1842 ; served three years in 
the State Legislature, two years in the 
State Senate, three years as State Auditor 
and in 1863 he was elected a Represent- 
ative, from Vermont, to the Thirty-eighth 
Congress, serving on the Committee on 
the Judiciary. Re-elected to the Thirty- 
ninth Congress, serving on tlie Commit- 
tees on the Judiciary, and Private Land 
Claims. He was also a Delegate to the 
Philadelphia " Loyalists' Convention " of 
1866 ; and re-elected to the Fortieth Con- 
gress, and made Chairman of Committee 
on the Pay of Officials of Congress. 

Woodhridge, William,.— Born in 

Norwich, Connecticut, August 20, 1780; 
and his father becoming one of the earli- 
est emigrants to the North-west Territory, 
he removed to Marietta in 1791. He re- 
ceived his earliest education in Connecti- 
cut ; studied law at Litchfield, Connecticut, 
and was admitted to the bar, in Ohio, in 
1806. In 1807 he was elected to the As- 
sembly of Ohio; in 1808 was Prosecuting 
Attorney for his county, which office he 
held until 1814, and during the same pe- 
riod he was also a member of the State 
Senate. In 1814 he received, from Pres- 
ident Madison, unexpectedly, the appoint- 
ment of Secretary of the Territory of 
Michigan, and removed to Detroit; and 
in 1819 he was elected the first Delegate, 
from Michigan, to Congress, where he 
was very active in promoting the inter- 
ests of his constituents. In 1828 he Avas 
appointed Judge of the Supreme Court 
of Michigan Territory, and held the office 
four years ; in 1885 he was a member of 
the Convention called to form a State 
Constitution; in 1837 he was elected to 
the State Senate of Michigan ; in 1839 he 
was chosen Governor of the State ; and he 
was a Senator in Congress, from 1841 to 
1, 1847. He was a working member on 
many important committees, and his re- 
ports and speeches were numerous ; and 
Daniel Webster, in a note to his speech 
in defence of the Ashburton Treaty, at- 
tributed to Mr. Woodbridge the first sug- 
gestion that was ever made to him for 
inserting in that treaty a provision for 
the surrender of fugitives, under cei*- 
taiu circumstances, upon the demand of 



foreign governments. For many years 
before his death he lived in retirement at 
Detroit. Died October 20, 1861. In 1867 
a small volume was published, entitled the 
" Life of William Woodbridge," from the 
pen of the compiler of this work, 

Woodbury, Levi. — Born in Fran- 
cistown. New Hampshire, December 22, 
1789 ; he graduated at Dartmouth College 
in 1800 ; attended the Law-School at Litch- 
field ; continued to study law in Boston, 
Exeter, and Francestown, and entered 
upon the practice in 1812, in which he was 
successful. In 1816 he was appointed 
Judge of the Superior Court of New 
Hampshire, and in 1819 settled in Ports- 
mouth. In 1823 he was elected Governor 
of New Hampshire ; was Speakei* of the 
State House of Representatives in 1825; 
was a Senator in Congress, from 1825 to 
1831; was appointed Secretary of the 
Navy by President Jackson in 1831 ; was 
transferred to the Treasury Department, 
as Secretary, in 1834, by President Van 
Buren, and served until 1841; he was 
again a Senator in Congress, from 184l to 
1845, when he was appointed by President 
Polk a Justice of the Supreme Court of 
the United States. He was also tendered 
the appointment of Minister to England, 
but declined it. He received the degree 
of LL.D. from Dartmouth College and 
the Wesleyan University of Connecticut, 
and was a member of various literary 
societies. He died at Portsmouth, New 
Hampshire, September 7, 1851. 

WoodcocJc, David. — He was born in 
Berkshire County, Massachusetts, and 
was a member of the New York Assembly, 
from Seneca County, in 1814 and 1815, 
and from Tompkins County, in 1826 ; and 
a Representative in Congress, from New 
York, from 1821 to 1823, and again from 
1827 to 1829. 

Woodruff, George C— Was born ia 
Litchfield, Connecticut, December 1, 1805; 
graduated at Yale College in 1825 ; studied 
law at the Litchfield School, and came to 
the bar in 1827 ; he was for fourteen years 
Postmaster of Litchfield; was a Clerk and 
Representative in the State Legislature; 
President for years of a bank ; Judge of 
Probate for several years ; and in 1861 he 
was elected a Representative, from Con^ 
necticut, to the Thirty-seventh Congress, 
serving on the Committee on Public 
Lands. 

Woodruff, John. — He was born in 
Hartford, Connecticut, February 12, 1826 ; 
was a member of the Connecticut Legisla- 
ture in 1854 ; in 1855 was elected a l?epre- 
sentative, from Connecticut, to the Thir- 
ty-fourth Congress; re-elected to the 
Thirty-sixth Congress, serving on the 
Committee on the Post Office and Post 
Roads. He subsequently held the positiou 



BIOGItAPHICAL BECOBDS. 



425 



of Collector of Internal Revenue for the 
District of New Haven, in which city he 
died May 20, 1868. 

Woodruff, Thomas Jl".— He was a 
resident of New York City, a furniture- 
dealer by occupation, a member of Con- 
gress from 18i5 to 18i7, and died some 
years ago. 

Woods, Henry. — He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Pennsylvania, 
from 1790 to 1803.' 

Woods, tfohn.—He was a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from Pensylvania, 
from 1815 to 1817. 

Woods, tfohn.—^Q was born in Dau- 
phin County, Pennsylvania, in 1794 and 
removed with his father to Ohio in his in- 
fancy. . He was. admitted to the bur in 
1819, settled in Hamilton County, and at 
once took a high stand in his profession. 
In 1824 he was elected to Congress, and 
served two terms. In 1829 he became the 
editor and publisher of the " Hamilton 
Intelligencer," and so continued until 
1832, when he returned to his profession, 
which he successfully practised until 1845, 
when he was elected Auditor of the State, 
wliich office he held for two terms. While 
Auditor he did much to preserve the credit 
of the State. He died in Hamilton, Ohio, 
July 30, 1855. 

Woods, William.— He was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from New York, 
from 1823 to 1825, and a member of the 
State Assembly, from Steuben County, in 

1828. 

Woodson, Satnuel JT.— Born in Jes- 
samine County, Kentucky, October 24, 
1815; graduated at Centre College, and 
became a lawyer by profession. He was 
a member of the " Constitutional Conven- 
tion " of Missouri in 1855 ; and a member 
of the Missouri General Assembly in 1853 
and 1854 ; and was elected a Representa- 
tive to the Thirty-fifth Congress, from that 
State, serving as a member of the Commit- 
tee on Indian Affairs. He was re-elected 
to the Thirty-sixth Congress, serving on 
the Committee on Indian AflTairs. 

Woodson, Samuel JEC, — He was a 

Representative in Congress, from Ken- 
tucky, from 1820 to 1823, having been 
elected the first time for the unexpired 
term of Henry Clay, and re-elected to the 
next Congress. 

Woodtvard, George IF. -^ Born in 

Bethany, Pennsylvania, March 26, 1809; 
received an academic education; studied 
and practised law; was a member of the 
" State Constitutional Convention " of 
1837 ; in 1841 he was appointed President 
Judge of the Fourth Judicial District, and 



held the office ten years ; in 1852 he was 
elected Judge of the Supreme Court of 
Pennsylvania, and held the position for 
nearly sixteen years; and was elected a 
Representative, from Pennsylvania, to the 
Fortieth Congress, serving on the Com- 
mittees on Mines and Mining, and on Re- 
vision of the Laws of the United States, 
and Private Land Claims. 

Woodward, Joseph A. — He was 

born in South Carolina, and was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from that State, 
from 1843 to 1847. 

Woodward, Willlatn. — He was a 

Representative in Congress, from South 
Carolina, from 1815 to 1817. 

Woodworth, James JQ". — He was 
born December 4, 1804, in Greenwich, 
Washington County, New York. He lived 
on a farm until twenty-one years of age ; 
received a limited education at the schools 
in the vicinity, and removed to Fabius, 
Onondaga County, New York; taught a 
village school for a few months, and then 
engaged in mercantile business. In 1827 
he went to Erie County, Pennsylvania, re- 
siding there four years, and removed to 
Chicago, Illinois, in 1833. In 1839 he was 
elected to the State Senate, aiad in 1842 
was a member of the Lower House. From 
1845 to 1850 he was connected with the 
city government of Chicago, being two 
years Mayor. He was a Representative, 
from Illinois, to the Thirty-fourth Con- 
gress. 

Woodworth, William TF.— Hewas 
born in Connecticut, and was a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from New York, li'om 
1845 to 1847. 

. Worcester, Samuel T. — Born in 

HoUis, Hillsborough County, New Hamp- 
shire, August 30, 1804 ; graduated at Cam- 
bridge University in 1830; for two years 
he was a Preceptor at the Weymouth 
Academy, Massachusetts ; he studied law 
at Cambridge, and came to the bar in 
1834 ; went to Ohio that year, and settled 
at Norvvalk in the practice of his profes- 
sion ; in 1848 and 1849 he was elected to 
the State Senate; in 1859 was elected 
Judge of the Court of Common Pleas, 
which he held until elected a Representa- 
tive, from Ohio, to the Thirty-seventh 
Congress, sei'ving on the Committees on 
Elections, Accounts, and Agriculture. ^ 

Word, Thomas J".— He was a Rep- 
resentative in Congress, from Mississippi, 
from 1838 to 1839. 

Wor^nan, Ludivlg.—^e was born 
in Bucks County, Pennsylvania; was a 
tanner by occupation ; and was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Pennsylvania, 
from 1820 to 1822. Died in 1822. 



426 



BIOGBAFHICAL BECOBDS. 



WortendyTce, J". JR.— Born at Chest- 
nut Eidge, in the Township of Harrington, 
Bergen County, New Jersey, November 
27, 1818 ; graduated at Rutgers College in 
1839; and was for, several years teacher 
of the classics and mathematics. He com- 
menced the study of law in 1849, and was 
admitted to the bar in 1852 ; was Alder- 
man of Jersey City, where he practised 
law; and was elected a Representative in 
the Thirty-fifth Congress, from New Jer- 
sey, serving on the Committee on Public 
Expenditures. 

Worthington, JET, 6?.— He was born 
in Cumberland, Maryland, February 9, 
1828; received an academical education; 
he studied law and came to the bar in 
1851 ; and in that year he removed to Cal- 
ifornia and settled in the practice of his 
profession in Tuolumne County, where he 
remained until 1856. He subsequently 
spent some time in Central America and 
Mexico, and then resumed his profession 
in California. In 1861 he was elected to 
the State Legislature from the city and 
county of San Francisco. In 1862 he re- 
moved to the Territory of Nevada, and 
settled in Austin ; and on the admission 
of Nevada as a State he was elected the 
first Representative therefrom, taking his 
seat during the second session of the 
Thirty-eighth Congress. 

Worthington, John T. JB".— He was 
born in Maryland, and was a Representa- 
tive in Congress, from that State, from 
1831 to 1833 and again from 1837 to 1841. 

Worthington, Thomas. — He was 

born in Jefi"erson County, Virginia, about 
1769 ; emigrated to Ohio, and settled in 
Ross County in 1798. In 1803 he was a 
member of the " State Constitutional Con- 
vention." He was a Senator in Congress, 
from Ohio, from 1803 to 1807, and again 
from 1810 to 1814, when he resigned; and 
from 1814 to 1818 he was Governor of 
Ohio. After his retirement from that 
ofiice he was appointed a member of the 
first Board of Canal Commissioners, in 
which capacity he served until his death, 
which occurred in 1827. 

Worthington, Thomas C— He was 
born in Prince George County, Maryland, 
and was a Representative in Congress, 
from that State, from 1825 to 1827. Died 
June 19, 1827. 

Wright, Augustus B. — Born at 
Wrightsborough, Columbia County, Geor- 
gia, June 16, 1813 ; commenced his educa- 
tion at a grammar school ; afterwards en- 
tered Franklin College, but left in the 
latter part of the junior year without grad- 
uating. He was a lawyer by profession ; 
and, at the age of twenty-nine, was elected 
Circuit Judge. He resigned before the 
expiration of the second term, and was 



elected a Representative, from Georgia, 
to the Thirty-fourth Congress, and re- 
elected to the Thirty-fifth, serving as a 
member of the Committee on the District 
of Columbia. Took part in the Rebellion. 

Wright, Daniel JB. — He was born 
in Tennessee, and was a Representative 
in Congress, fi'om Mississippi, from 1853 
to 1857. 

Wright, Edivin R. F. — Born in 

Hoboken, New Jerseyi January 2, 1812; 
received an academical education ; adopt- 
ed the trade of a printer, and as early 
as 1835 edited and published a news- 
paper called the "Jersey Blue." He 
studied law and came to the bar in 1839 ; 
in 1843 he was elected to the State Senate, 
and was a leading advocate of the present 
free-school system of the State ; in 1851 
he was appointed District Attorney for 
Hudson County, and held the office for 
five years ; he was also a Major-General 
of Militia for several years, commanding 
the Second Division of the State ; was the 
candidate, in 1859, of the Democratic party 
for the office of Governor, but was de- 
feated by a small majority; and he was 
elected a Representative, from New Jer- 
sey, to the Thirty-ninth Congress, serving 
on the Committee on Appropriations, and 
the Special Committee on the Death of 
President Lincoln. 

Wright, George M, — He was born 
in Concord, Massachusetts, June 4, 1817; 
spent seven years on a farm; settled in 
Boston, as a merchant, in 1822 ; was con- 
nected with the " Boston Courier " for two 
years, from 1837, after which he settled in 
Nantucket, in the whaling business ; went 
to California in 1849; and was a Repre- . 
sentative in Congress, from that State, 
during the years 1850 and 1851. 

Wright, Mendriclc B.— Born in Lu- 
zerne County, Pennsylvania, April 24, 
1808 ; graduated at Dickinson College in 
1829 ; studied law, and came to the bar in 
1831 ; in 1834 he was appointed Deputy 
Attorney-General for Luzerne County; 
was elected to the State Legislature in 
1841 and 1842; re-elected in 1843, and 
made Speaker of the House ; he was a 
member of all the National Democratic 
Conventions between 1840 and 1860 ; and 
of that Convention which nominated Mr. 
Polk for President he was the President. 
In 1852 he was elected a Representative, 
from Pennsylvania, to the Thirty-third 
Congress; and he was re-elected to the 
Thirty-seventh Congress, to fill the vacan- 
cy caused by the death of George W. 
Scranton, and was a member of the Com- 
mittee on Military Aflairs. 

Wright, John C— He was born in 
1783 ; attained eminence as a lawyer, and 
early rose to the Supreme Bench of Ohio. 



BIOGBAPHICAL EEC0BD8. 



427 



His Law Eeports are a part of all good 
libraries in the Western States. He was 
a Representative in Congress, from Ohio, 
from 1823 to 1829, and was for many years 
the owner and editor of the "Cincinnati 
Gazette." He took an active part, as Del- 
egate from Ohio, in the "Peace Con- 
gress" of February, 18G1, but died in 
Washington before the adjournment of 
that body, on the 13th of that month. 

Wright, John F.— Born in McNairy 
County, Tennessee, June 28, 1828 ; was a 
lawyer by profession ; was elected a Rep- 
resentative to the Thirty-fourth and Thir- 
ty-flfth Congresses, from his native' State ; 
and was a member of the Committees on 
Revolutionary Pensions, and Expenditures 
in the War Department. Re-elected to 
the Thirty-sixth Congress, serving on the 
Committee on the District of Columbia. 

Wright, Joseph A .—Born in Penn- 
sylvania, April 17, 1810; when a boy he 
removed to Indiana with his parents, and 
became a janitor in the University of that 
State, enjoying at the same time the privi- 
leges of a student; studied law, and came 
to the bar in 1829 ; in 1833 he was elected 
to the State Legislature; in 1840 he was 
elected to the State Senate ; from 1843 to 
1845 he was a Representative in Congress ; 
was Governor of Indiana from 1849 to 
1857 ; and during the latter year he was 
appointed, by President Buchanan, Minis- 
ter to Prussia. In 1862 he was appointed 
a Senator in Congress, in place of J. D. 
Bright, serving one session; in 1863 he 
Avas appointed, by President Lincoln, a 
Commissioner to attend the Hamburg Ex- 
hibition ; and in 1865 he was appointed, by 
President Johnson, for the second time, 
Minister to Prussia. Died in Berlin, 
March 11, 1867, and the fact was published 
in the Nevv York papers on the following 
morning. 

Wright, Bobert. — He was born in 
Kent County, Maryland; a Senator in 
Congress, from Maryland, from 1801 to 
1806, when he resigned ; at one time mem- 
ber of the State Executive Council; was 
Governor of Maryland from 1806 to 1809 ; 
a Representative in Congress, from Mary- 
land, from 1810 to 1817; re-elected for the 
term from 1821 to 1823; and died Septem- 
ber 7, 1826. 

Wright, Samuel G.—Born in 1787, 
and at the time of his death was a mem- 
ber-elect of Congress, from New Jersey. 
Died near Allentown, New Jersey, July 

30, 1845. 

Wright, Silas.— Wa,s born at Am- 
herst, Massachusetts, May 24, 1795. He 
worked upon his father's farm, in Ver- 
mont, in the summer, and attended school 
in the winter. He prepared for and en- 
tered college in August, 1811, and gradu- 



ated at Middlebury College in 1815. He 
read law in Washington County, Nevy 
York, teaching school one or two winters 
to aid in defraying his own expenses. In 
1819 he settled, in the practice of the law, 
at Canton, St. Lawrence County, New 
York, whei-e ho continued his i-esidence 
until his death. He was soon made a 
Magistrate and Postmaster of his town, 
and Surrogate of his county. He early 
raised a uniformed Militia rifle company, 
of which he was unanimously chosen Cap- 
tain, from which position he rose to be 
Colonel of a rifle regiment, and became a 
Brigadier-General of Infantry in 1827. He 
was elected to the State Senate in Novem- 
ber, 1823, and served until March 4, 1827, 
when he resigned that oflice, having been 
elected to Congress in November, 1826. 
He took his seat in Congress in December, 

1827. He was re-elected iu November, 

1828. Having been elected State Comp- 
troller, January 27, 1829, he resigned his 
seat in Congress before serving out his 
term. While in Congress, he served as a 
member of the Committee on Manufac- 
tures, and took an active part in the tariff 
investigations and discussions of 1828. 
He served as Comptroller from the time 
of his election until he was chosen United 
States Senator, in the early part of Janu- 
ary, 1833, when he immediately took his 
seat in that bod5^ He was re-elected in 
February, 1837, and again in February, 
1843, and continued to serve until Decem- 
ber, 1844, when he resigned. In Noven>- 
ber, 1844, he was elected Governor of New 
York, and entered upon his duties, Janu- 
ary 1, 1845. In 1847 he retired to private 
life, devoting himself to the cultivation of 
his farm, and enjoying the society of his 
early friends and neighbors. On August 
27, 1847, he died suddenly at his residence 
in Canton. While in the United States 
Senate he served most of his time on the 
Committee on Finance, and introduced 
the first Sub-Ti'easury bill, which became 
a law. President Tyler offered him a seat 
upon the bench of the Supreme Court, 
which he declined. By other Presidents 
he was offered seats in their cabinets and 
missions abroad, — all of which he refused. 
His last labor for the public was the prep- 
aration of an address for the State Agri- 
cultural Society, which, having been fin- 
ished, was read to that body a short time 
after his death, by his friend. General 
Dix. He appeared twice in the Supreme 
Court of the United States to argue cases 
of high importance, and established in 
that tribunal a high reputation as a law- 
yer. 

Wright, Turbett. — He was a Dele- 
gate, from Maryland, to the Continental 
Congress, from 1781 to 1782. 

Wright, Williain.—Bovn in Clarks- 
town, Rockland County, New York, in 
1794 ; learned the business of saddle-mak- 



428 



BIOGBAPHIGAL BECOBDS, 



ing when a boy, and followed it for seven 
years, at Bridgeport, Connecticut; re- 
moved to Newarli, New Jersey, in 1823 ; 
was elected Mayor of tliat city in the years 
1840, 1841, 1842, and 1843; was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress from New Jersey, 
from 1843 to 1847; was a candidate for 
Governor in 1848, bnt was defeated ; and 
in 1853 he was elected a Senator in Con- 
gress for the term ending in 1859, serving 
as Chairman of the Committee on Manu- 
factures, and that on the Contingent Ex- 
penses of the Senate. In 1863 he was 
again elected to the Senate for the terra 
ending in 1869, serving on the Committees 
on Manufactures, Public Lands and Rev- 
olutionary Claims. Died in Newark, New 
Jersey, November 1, 1866. 

Wurtz, John. — He was born in Mor- 
ris County, New Jersey; graduated at 
Princeton College in 1813; and was a 
Representative in Congress, from Penn- 
sylvania, from 1825 to 1827. Died in 
Rome, Italy, April 23, 1861. 

Wyncoop, Henry. — He was a Dele- 
gate to the Continental Congress from 
1779 to 1783, and a Representative in Con- 
gress, from Pennsylvania, from 1789 to 
1791 ; and was one of those who voted for 
locating the Seat of Government on the 
Potomac. 

Wynn, MicTiard.—lle was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from South Caro- 
lina, from 1793 to 1797, and again from 
1802 to 1813. 

Wynns, Thomas. — He was born, 

lived, and died, in Hertford County, North 
Carolina. He was a General of Militia ; a 
planter by occupation; served a number 
of years in the House of Commons and 
Senate ; and was a Representative in Con- 
gress from 1803 to 1807. In 1801 and 
1809 he was a Presidential Elector. Died 
June 3, 1825. 

Wythe, George. — Born in Elizabeth 
City, Virginia, in 1728 ; was educated 
chiefly by his mother; when thirty years 
of age he commenced the study of law, 
and soon came to the bar; was for a long 
time aniember of the House of Burgesses ; 
was Chancellor of Virginia; in 1764 he 
was appointed to prepare a petition against 
the Stamp Act ; was a Delegate to the Con- 
tinental Congress from 1775 to 1777, and 
signed the Declaration of Independence ; 
he was also a member of the Convention 
which formed the Federal Constitution, 
but refused to sign the instrument ; he was 
the Chairman of a Committee to revise the 
Laws of Virginia, which he accomplished 
with credit; in 1777 he was Speaker of the 
House of Delegates, and was appointed 
Judge of the Court of Chancery ; he owned 
a large number of slaves, to one of whom 
lie taught the Latin and Greek languages, 



and subsequently manumitted the whole 
of them; and the honor was awarded to 
him of having been the instructor of 
Thomas Jeflerson. Died June 8, 1806. 

Yancey, William L. — Born at Ogee- 
chee Shoals, Georgia, August 10, 1814 ; re- 
ceived a good education in the Northern 
States ; studied law, and practised in 
South Carolina; in 1837 he settled in Ala- 
bama, and edited the "Cahawba Demo- 
crat" and " Wetumpka Argus; " and was 
a Representative in Congress, from Alaba- 
ma, from 1844 to 1847. Before entering 
Congress he had served in the Alabama 
Legislature, and since that time has served 
as a member of various political conven- 
tions, first at Baltimore in 1848, then at 
Cincinnati in 1856, and at Charleston in 
1860, in which he bore a conspicuous part. 
In 1856 he was a Presidential Elector. He 
subsequently visited Europe as an agent 
of the Southern States during the great 
Rebellion of 1861 ; also held several other 
appointments and positions under the 
Confederate Government. Died near 
Montgomery, Alabama, July 28, 1863. 

Yancy, Bartletf.—Re was born in 
Virginia,' and educated at the University 
of North Carolina, where he was, for a 
time, a tutor. His first appearance in 
public life was as a member of Congress 
from North Carolina, in 1813, where he 
served four years; he served for many 
years in the State Legislature, and fre- 
quently as Speaker of the House ; and his 
position as a lawyer was unsurpassed. 
He died in Caswell County, August 30, 
1828. 

Yancey, Joel. — He was a Represent- 
ative in Congress, from Kentucky, from 
1827 to 1831. 

Yates f Jr., Abra7iam.—B.e was a 

Delegate, from New York, to the Conti- 
nental Congress, in 1787 and 1788. 

Yates, John B. — He was born in 
New York, and was a Repi-esentative in 
Congress, from New York, from 1815 to 
1817, and was a member of the Assem- 
bly of that State in 1836, from Madison 
County. 

Yates, MicJiard.—lie was born in 

Kentucky, January 18, 1818 ; removed to 
Illinois ; graduated at the Illinois College, 
and was bred to the profession of law. 
He frequently served in the State Legisla- 
ture ; and was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from Illinois, from 1851 to 1855. 
In 1861, he was elected Governor of Illi- 
nois for four years, and participated 
extensively in the raising of troops for 
the National Army during the Rebellion ; 
and was elected a Senator in Congress, 
from Illinois, for the terra commencing in 
1865 and ending in 1871, having been 



BIOQBAPHICAL EECOEDS. 



429 



placed on the Committees on the District 
of Columbia, the Pacirtc Railroad, Terri- 
tories, Pensions, Manufactures, and Mines 
and Miuing, and made Chairman of the 
Committees on Revolutionary Claims, and 
Territories. He was also a Delegate to 
the Philadelphia " Loyalists' Convention " 
of 18G6. 

Yates, Peter W. — He was a Delegate, 
from New York, to the Continental Con- 
gress, from 1785 to 1787. 

Yeaman, 6reo?*flrefl".— He wasborn 
iu Hardin County, Kentucky, November 
1, 1829; received his early education 
under many difficulties; studied law, and 
came to the bar in his twenty-third year, 
entering upon the practice of his profes- 
sion at Owensboro, Davies County, Ken- 
tucky. In lS5i he was elected Judge of 
Davies County, and from that time until 
1858 devoted his whole attention to the 
law, acquiring an extensive practice in 
the Circuit Court and Court of Appeals. 
In 1861 he was elected to the Legislature 
of Kentucky, and in 1862 he was engaged 
in raising a regiment for the Union ser- 
vice ; but when J. S. Jackson resigned he 
was elected, os his successor, a Represent- 
ative, from Kentucky, to the Thirty-sev- 
enth Congress, serving on the Committee 
on Military Affairs, and was re-elected to 
the Thirty-eightli Congress, serving on 
the same committee. In 18(55 he was 
appointed, by President Johnson, Minister 
Resident to Denmark. 

. Yell, Archibald. — He was born in 

Tennessee, and, removing to Arkansas, 
was appointed one of the Judges of^the 
Territory, and elected a Representative in 
Congress from 1836 to 1839, and was re- 
elected in 18 15, serving onlj' until 1846. 
He was also Governor of Arkansas in 1842 
and 1844. He was killed at the battle of 
Buena Vista, having had command of a 
regiment of Arkansas mounted Volun- 
teers. 

Yorhe, TJiomas J".— He was born 
in New Jersey, and was a Representative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1837 
to 1839, and again from 1841 to 1843. He 
was a candidate for election to tlie Twen- 
ty-sixth Congress, and, although he came 
with the broad seal of his State, he was 
not admitted. 

Yost, Jacob S.— He was born in 
Pennsylvania, and was a Representative 
in Congress, from that State, from 1843 to 
1847. 

Young, Auffustus.—lle was born 
in Arlington, Vermont, March 20, 1785, 
and was admitted to the bar, in St. Al- 
bans, in 1810; he commenced practice at 
Stowe, and in about eigliteeu months 
removed to Craftsbury, which town he 



represented, in the General Assembly, 
during eight sessions. He was four j'ears 
State's Attorney for Orleans County, and 
Judge of Probate in 1830. In 1836 he was 
chosen State Senator, and was twice re- 
elected. He was a Representative in Con- 
gress, from Vermont, from 1841 to 1843, 
and declined a i-e-electiou. In 1847 he 
removed to St. Albans, and was for sev- 
eral years Judge of Franklin County 
Court. He subsequently devoted himself 
to literary and scientific pursuits, and 
being a learned geologist and mineral- 
ogist, was appointed, in 1856, State Natu- 
ralist, lie died at St. Albans, June 17, 
1857. He was highly popular, possessed 
great talents, and his scientific books 
and tracts indicate that he was a great 
mathematician and a profound reasouer. 

Young, Bryan _R.— He was born in 
Kentucky, and was a Representative in 
Congress, from that State, from 1845 to 
1847. 

Young, Ebenezer.— 'Born in Kil- 
lingly, Connecticut, in 1734, and grad- 
uated at Yale College in 1806. In 1823 he 
was elected to the State Senate, and twice 
re-elected; he was also two years Speaker 
of the House; and was a Representative 
in Congress, from 1829 to 1835. He died 
at West Killingly, August 18, 1851. 

Young, John. — He was born in 
Chelsea, Orange County, Vermont, in 
1802; when quite a boy he moved with his 
father to Livingston- County, New York, 
and received a common-school education 
at Conesus ; studied law, and was admit- 
ted to the bar in 1829 ; was in the State 
Legislature in 1831, 1844, and 1845 ; was a 
Representative in Congress, from New 
York, from 1841 to 1843 ; Governor of the 
State from 1847 to 1849 ; and Assistant 
Treasurer of the United States, in New 
York City, at the time of his death, which 
occurred April 23, 1852. 

Young, John D. — He was born in 

Bath County, Kentucky, September 22, 
1823; received an English education; 
from 1843 to 1847 he was Sheriff of his 
native county, having previously served 
three years as Deputy ; served for a time 
as Deputy U. S. Marshal ; was a Judge of 
Probate from 1858 to 1862 ; was re-elected 
in 1866, but resigned in 1867; and Was 
elected a Representative, from Kentucky, 
to the Fortieth Congress. 

Young, JRichard 31. — He was a 

Presidential Elector in 1829; a Senator 
in Congress, from Illinois, from 1837 to 
1843; was appointed Commissioner of the 
General Land Office in 1846 ; and Clerk of 
the United States House of Represent- 
atives, in 1850 and 1851. 

Young, TimotJiy 22.~He was born 



430 



BIOGRAPHICAL EECOBDS. 



in New Hampshire; graduated at Bow- 
doin College iu 1835 ; and was a Repre- 
sentative in Congress, from Illinois, from 
1849 to 1851. 

Young, William S. — He was born 
in Nelson County, Kentucky ; and was a 
Eepresentative in Congress, from that 
State, from 1825 to 1827. 

Yulee, David L. — He was born in 
the West Indies, of Hebrew extraction, 
in 1811, but when quite young was re- 
moved to Virginia, where he received the 
rudiments of a classical education. He 
emigrated to Florida in 1824, and though 
he studied law, he divided his time be- 
tween the practice of his profession and 
the pursuits of agriculture. He was a 
Delegate to Congress, from the Territory 
of Florida, from 1841 to 1845, bearing the 
name of Levy, and, as Yulee, was a Dele- 
gate to the Convention which formed the 
State Constitution; and was elected a 
Senator in Congress, in 1845, where he 
continued until 1861, officiating as Chair- 
man of the Committee on Post Offices and 
Post Eoads. He was also President of 
the Atlantic and Gulf Railroad in Florida. 
Withdrew from the Senate to take part iu 
the Rebellion of 1861, and at the close of 
the conflict he was confined in Fort Pu- 
laski as a Prisoner of State. 

Zollicoffer, Felix K. — Born in 
Maury County, Tennessee, May 19, 1812, 
and received an academical education. 
He served for a few months in a printing- 



office, and in 1829 took upon himself the 
management of a newspaper at Paris, 
Tennessee. In 1834 he was editor and 
publisher of the " Columbian Observer," 
in the same State ; in 1835 he was elected 
State printer, and re-elected in 1837 ; in 
1842 he removed to Nashville, and edited 
the "Banner;" in 1843 he was elected 
Comptroller of the State Treasury, and 
was re-elected in 1845 and 1847 ; in 1849 
was elected to the State Senate ; in 1850 
was a contractor for building the Suspen- 
sion Bridge at Nashville; in 1851 and 
1852 again edited the " Nashville Ban- 
ner;" and was elected a Representative in 
Congress, from Tennessee, in 1853, where 
he continued until the close of the Thirty- 
fifth Congress, serving in the same as a 
member of the Committee on Territories. 
He subsequently joined the great Rebel- 
lion, and served as a General of Volun- 
teers, and was killed at the battle of 
Somerset, Kentucky. He was a Delegate 
to the "Peace Congress " of 1861. 

Zubly, fTohn Joaciiim. — He was 

a native of Switzerland; graduated at 
Princeton College in 1770 ; settled in Sa- 
vannah, Georgia, as a Presbyterian Min- 
ister; was a Doctor of Divinity, and 
preached in the German, English, and 
French languages ; and, though elected as 
a Delegate to the Continental Congress 
in 1755, was disloyal to the American 
cause, and denounced on the floor of Con- 
gress as a traitor to the American cause. 
He died in Savannah in 1781. 



STATISTICAL RECORDS. 



STATISTICAL RECORDS. 



SUCCESSIVE SESSIONS OF CONGRESS. 



[officially prepaeed for this work.] 
STATEMENT 

Showing the Commencement and Termination of each Session of Congress held under the 
Present Constitution, with the Number of Days in each. 







From— 


Tc 




a 
u 
p< 

-a . 
a 




Where held. 


3 
o 


a 
.2 

<u 










V 


^1 
12; .S 


- 


, 


1 


March 


4, 1789 


Sept. 


29, 1789 


13 


210 


New York. 


1^ 


2. 


January 


4 


1790 


August 


12 


1790 


14 


221 


do. 


/ 


3 


Dec. 


6 


1790 


March 


3 


, 1791 


15 


88 


Philadelphia. 


2^ 


1 


Oct. 


24 


1791 


May 


8 


1792 


16 


197 


do. 


2 


Nov. 


5 


1792 


March 


2 


1793 


17 


119 


do. 


3^ 


1 


Dec. 


2 


1793 


June 


9 


1794 


18 


190 


do. 


2 


Nov. 


3 


1794 


March 


3 


1795 


19 


121 


dp. 


'\ 


1 


Dec. 


7 


1795 


June 


1 


, 1796 


20 


177 


do. 


2 


Dec. 


5 


1796 


March 


3 


, 1797. 


21 


89 


dp. 




1 


May 


15 


1797 


July 


10 


1797 


21 


57 


do. 


5^ 


2 


Nov. 


13 


1797 


July 


16 


, 1798 


22 


246 


do. 


( 


3 


Dec. 


3 


I7y8 


March 


3 


1799 


23 


91 


do. 


'\ 


1 


Dec. 


2 


1799 


May 


14 


1800 


24 


164 


do 


2 


Nov. 


17 


1800 


March 


3 


1801 


25 


107 


Washington. 


^ 


1 


Dec. 


7 


1801 


May 


3 


1802 


26 


148 


do. 


2 


Dec. 


6 


1802 


March 


8 


1803 


27 


88 


do. 


8^ 


1 


Oct. 


17 


1803 


March 


27 


1804 


28 


163 


do. 


2 


Nov. 


5 


1804 


March 


3 


1805 


29 


119 


do. 


»{ 


1 


Dec. 


2 


1805 


April 


21 


1806 


30 


141 


do. 


2 


Dec. 


1 


1806 


March 


3 


1807 


31 


93 


do. 


.0[ 


1 


Oct. 


26 


1807 


April 


25 


1808 


32 


182 


do. 


2 


Nov. 


7 


1808 


March 


3 


1809 


33 


117 


do. 




1 


May 


22 


1809 


June 


28 


1809 


33 


38 


do. 


11^ 


2 


Nov. 


27 


1809 


May 


1 


1810 


34 


156 


do. 


( 


3 


Dec. 


3 


1810 


March 


3 


1811 


35 


91 


do. 


n\ 


1 


Nov. 


4 


1811 


July 


6 


1812 


36 


245 


do. 


2 


Nov. 


2 


1812 


March 


3 


1813 


37 


122 


do. 




1 


May 


24 


1813 


AU£>USt 


2 


1813 


37 


71 


do. 


is) 


2 


Dec. 


6 


1813 


April 


18 


1814 


38 


134 


do. 


^ 


3 


Sept. 


19 


1814 


March 


3 


1815 


39 


166 


do. 


u{ 


1 


Dec. 


4 


1815 


April 


30 


1816 


40 


148 


do. 


2 


Dec. 


2 


1816 


March 


3 


1817 


41 


92 


do. 


-1 


1 


Dec. 


1 


1817 


April 


30 


1818 


42 


141 


do. 


2 


Nov. 


16 


1818 


March 


3 


1819 


43 


108 


do. 



28 



434 



STATISTICAL BECOBDS. 



Statement of Successive Sessions of Congress — Continued. 









1 












1 

so 

a 

o 


a 
.2 

S 


From — 


To 


- 


Is 

t-l 


(S 

H 


Where held. 


H 


1 


Dec. 


6, 1819 


May 


15, 1820 


44 


162 


Washington. 


2 


Nov. 


13, 1820 


March 


3, 1821 


45 


111 


do. 


ul 


1 


Dec. 


3, 1821 


May 


8, 1822 


46 


157 


do. 


2 


Dec. 


2, 1822 


March 


3, 1823 


47 


92 


do. 


18 1 


1 


Dec, 


1, 1823 


May- 


27, 1824 


48 


178 


do. 


2 


Dec. 


6, 1824 


March 


3, 1825 


49 


88 


do. 


^l 


1 


Dec. 


5, 1825 


May 


22, 1826 


60 


169 


do. 


2 


Dec. 


4, 1826 


March 


3, 1827 


61 


90 


do. 


20 5 


1 


Dec. 


3, 1827 


May- 


26, 1828 


62 


175 


do. 


2 


Dec. 


1, 1828 


March 


3, 1829 


53 


93 


do. 


21^ 


1 


Dec. 


7, 1829 


May 


31, 1830 


64 


176 


do. 


2 


Dec. 


6, 1830 


March 


3, 1831 


55 


88 


do. 


22 1 


1 


Dec. 


6, 1831 


July 


16, 1832 


56 


225 


do. 


2 


Dec. 


3, 1832 


March 


3, 1833 


57 


91 


do. 


23 y 


1 


Dec. 


2, 1883 


June 


30, 1834 


68 


211 


do. 


2 


Dec 


1, 1834 


March 


3, 1835 


59 


93 


do. 


24 1 


1 


Dec. 


7, 1835 


July 


4. 1836 


60 


211 


do. 


2 


Dec. 


6, 1836 


March 


3, 1837 


61 


89 


do.' 


r 


1 


Sept. 


4, 1837 


October 


16, 1837 


62 


43 


do. 


25) 


- 2 


Dec. 


4, 1837 


July 


9, 1838 


62 


218 


do. 


/ 


3 


Dec. 


3, 1838 


March 


3, 1839 


63 


91 


do. 


26 5 


1 


Dec. 


2, 1839 


July 


21, 1840 


64, 


233 


do. 


2 


Dec. 


7, 1840 


March 


3, 1841 


65 


87 


do. 


1 


May- 


31, 1841 


Sept. 


13, 1841 


65 


106 


do. 


27) 


2 


Dec. 


6, 1841 


August 


31, 1842 


66 


269 


do. 


J 


3 


Dec. 


5, 1842 


March 


3, 1843 


67 


89 


do. 


28 j 


1 


Dec. 


4, 1843 


June 


17, 1844 


68 


196 


do. 


2 


Dec. 


2, 1844 


March 


3, 1845 


69 


92 


do. 


29 5 


1 


Dec. 


1, 1845 


August 


10, 1846 


70 


253 


do. 


2 


Dec. 


7, 1846 


March 


3, 1847 


71 


87 


do. 


30 j 


1 


Dec. 


6, 1847 


August 


14, 1848 


72 


254 


do. 


2 


Dec. 


4, 1848 


March 


3, 1849 


73 


90 


do. 


31 5 


1 


Dec. 


3, 1849 


Sept. 


30, 1850 


74 


302 


do. 


2 


Dec. 


2, 1850 


March 


3, 1851 


75 


92 


do. 


32 5 


1 


Dec. 


1, 1851 


August 


31, 1852 


76 


275 


do. 


2 


Dec. 


6, 1852 


March 


3, 1853 


77 


88 


do. 


33 5 


1 


Dec. 


5, 1853 


August 


7, 1854 


78 


246 


do. 


2 


Dec. 


4, 1854 


March 


3, 1855 


79 


90 


do. 


r 


1 


Dec. 


8, 1855 


August 


18, 1856 


80 


260 


do. 


34) 


2 


August 


21, 1856 


August 


30, 1856 


81 


10 


do. 


/ 


3 


Dec. 


1, 1856 


March 


3, 1857 


82 


93 


do. 


35 1 


1 


Dec. 


7, 1857 


June 


1, 1858 


82 . 


177 


do. 


2 


Dec. 


6, 1858 


March 


3, 1859 


83 


88 


do. 


36 5 


1 


Dec. 


5, 1859 


June 


18, 1860 


84 


196 


do. 


2 


Dec. 


3, 1860 


March 


4, 1861 


85 


93 


do. 


f 


1 


July 


3, 1861 


August 


6, 1861 


85 


34 


do. 


37^ 


2 


Dec. 


2, 1861 


July 


17, 1862 


86 


228 


do. 


/ 


3 


Dec. 


1, 1862 


March 


4, 1863 


87 


94 


do. 


38 5 


1 


Dec. 


7, 1S63 


July 


2, 1864 


88 


209 


do. 


2 


Dec. 


5, 1864 


March 


4, 1865 


89 


90 


do. 


39 5 


1 
2 


Dec. 
Dec. 


4, 1865 
3, 1866 


July 
March 


28, 1866 
4, 1867 


90 
91 


237 
92 


do. 

do. 


' 


1 


March 


4, 1867 


March 


30, 1867 


91 


26 


do. 


40- 


2 


July 


3, 1867 


July 


20, 1867 


91 


18 


do. 


3 


Nov. 


21, 1867 


Dec. 


2, 1867 


91 


12 


do. 


.. 


4^ 


Dec. 


2, 1867 













STATISTICAL RECOBDS. 



435 



SPEAKERS OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. 



1st Con!?ress, 


2d 


<( 


3d 


<< 


4th 


<( 


5th 


(( 


6th 


<( 


7th 


<< 


8th 


<( 


9th 


<( 


10th 


<( 


11th 


(( 


12th 


u 


I3th 


(( 


14th 


<( 


loth 


(C 


16th 


(( 


17th 


(( 


18th 


(< 


19th 


(( 


20th 


C( 


21st 


<( 


22d 


<< 


23d 


(( 


24th 


(( 


25th 


<c 


26th 


<( 


27th 


<( 


28th 


(( 


29 th 


<c 


30th 


it 


31st 


u 


32d 


(( 


33d 


a 


34th 


li 


35th 


a 


36th 


<( 


37th 


11 


38th 


a 


39 th 


11 


40th 


(< 



r "Mo 



1st session, 
2d 



1st session, 
2d " 



^^. A. Muhlenberg, 
''Y^onathan T-rumbull, 
F. A. Muhlenberg, 
Jonathan Dayton, 
^[Jonathan Dayton, 
( George Dent, pro tern., 
aPheodore Sedgwick, 
fathaniel Macon, 
Nathaniel Macon, 
Nathaniel Macon,. 
Joseph B. Varuum, 
'' Joseph B. Varnum, 
^ Henry Clay, 
' C Henry Clay, 
X Langdon Cheves, 
Henry Clay, 
Henry Clay, 
5 Henry Clay, 
^^4^ohn W. Taylor, 
''^^'iPhilip B. Barbour, 
■^ Henry Clay, 
John J. Taylor, 
Andrew Stevenson, 
AAndrew Stevenson, 
Andrew Stevenson, 
C Andrew Stevenson, Isfc sessioij, 
\ Henry Hubbard, pro tern., 
^,,>3ohn Bell, 

James K. Polk, 
-James K. Polk, 

lobert M. T. Hunter, 
5,John Waite, 
/John W. Jones, 
leorge W. Hopkins, pro tern. 
John W. Davis, 

J Robert C. Winthrop, 
-Armistead Burt, pro tern., 
-^V Howell Cobb, 
-'-' i^R. C. Winthrop, pro tern.., 
/' I Linn Boyd, 
-^,Linn Boyd, 

Nathaniel P. Banks, 
■^ James L. Orr, 
' William Pennington, 
"V Salusha A. Grow, 
'■' Schuyler Colfax, 
Schuyler Colfax, 
Schuyler Colfax, 




Pennsylvania, 
Connecticut. 
Pennsylvania, 
New Jersey, 

<« 

Maryland, 
Massachusetts. 
North Carolina 



Massachusetts. 

ii 

Kentucky, 

(< 

South Carolina. 
Kentucky, 



New York. 
Virginia. 
Kentucky. 
New York. 
Virginia. 



New Hampshire, 
Tennessee, 



Virginia, 

Kentucky. 

Virginia. 

Indiana, 

Massachusetts, 

South Carolina. 

Georgia, 

Massachusetts. 

Kentucky. 

Massachusetts, 
South Carolina. 
New Jersey. 
Pennsylvania. 
Indiana, 



PRESIDENTS OF THE SENATE. 



VICE-PEESIDENTS OP THE UNITED STATES. 



Congresses, 
1 to 4. 

6 and 6. 

7 and 8. 
9 to 12. 

13 and 14. 
15 to 18. 



John Adams, 
Thomas Jefferson, 
Aaron Burr, 
George Clinton,* 
■« Elbridge Gerry,* 
Daniel D. Tomklns. 



Massachusetts. 
Virginia. 
New York. 
(< 

Massachusetts. 
New York. 



*Died in office. 



436 



STATISTICAL BECORDS. 



Congresses. 

19 to 22, 

23 and 2i. 

25 aud 26. 

27. 

29 and 30. 

SI. 

32. 
- S3 

34 

35 

36 

37 

38 

S9 



John C. Calhoun,* 
Martin Van Buren, 
Kichard M. Johnson, 
John Tyler, t 
George M. Dallas, 
Millard Fillmore, J 
William R. King,§ 
(Vacant.) 
(Vacant.) 

John C. Breckenridge, 
John C. Breckenridge, 
Hannibal Hamlin, 
Hannibal Hamlin, 
Andrew Johnson, [j 



South Carolina. 

New Yorli. 

Kentucky. 

Virginia. 

Pennsylvania. 

New York. 

Alabama. 



Kentucky. 

Maine. 

Tennessee. 



PEESIDENTS OF THE SENATE, PEO TEM. 



1st Congress. 


John Langdon, 


New Hampshire. 


2d 


ii 


C Richard Henry Lee, 
I John Langdon, 


Virginia. 




New Hampshire. 


Sd 


a 


5 Ralph Izard, 
( Henry Tazewell, 


South Cai'olina. 




Virginia. 


4th 


u 


C Samuel Livermore, 
l William Bingham, 


New Hampshire. 




Pennsylvania. 






''William Bradford, 
Jacob Read, 


Rhode Island. 






South Carolina. 


5th 


n 


■i Theodore Sedgwick, 


Massachusetts. 






John Lawrence, 


New York. 






i^ James Ross, 


Pennsylvania. 






' Samuel Livermore, 


New Hampshire. 


6th 


n 


Uriah Tracy, 


Connecticut. 




"^ John E. Howard, 


Mar3'laud. 






James Ilillhouse, 


Connecticut, 


7th 


(£ 


i Abraham Baldwin, 
I Stephen R. Bradley, 


Georgia. 




Vermont. 






C John Browne, 


Kentucky. 


8tli 


(( 


? Jesse Franklin, 


North Carolina. 




(J Joseph Anderson, 


Tennessee. 


9th 


(( 


C Samuel Smith, 
I Samuel Smith, 


Maryland. 






<t 






C Samuel Smith, 


(< 


10th 


it 


2 Stephen R. Bradley, 


Vermont. 






( John Milledge, 


Georgia. 






C Andrew Gregg, 


Pennsylvania. 


11th 


H 


} John Gaillard, 


South Carolina. 






^ John Pope, 


Kentucky. 


12th 


(( 


C William H Crawford, 
I Joseph B. Varnum, 


Georgia. 




Massachusetts. 


33th 


(( 


John Gaillard, 


South Carolina. 


14th 


(< 


John Gaillard, 


(( 


15th 


(( 


C John Gaillard, 
( James Barbour, 


(C 




Virginia. 


IGth 


le 


< James Barbour, 
( John Gaillard, 


ii 




South Carolina. 


17th 


<c 


John Gaillard, 


(( 


18th 


(C 


John Gaillard, 


a 


19th 


(( 


Nathaniel Macon, 


North Carolina, 


20th 


(C 


( Nathaniel Macon, 
( Samuel Smith, 


<( 




Maryland. 


21st 


(( 


Samuel Smith, 


(« 



♦Resigned December 28, 1832. 

:t Became President by death of Taylor. 

II Became President by death of Lincoln. 



f Became President by death of Harrison. 
§ Died in office. 



STATISTICAL BECOBDS. 



437 



22d Congress 


28d 


(( 


24th 


<( 


25th 


(( 


26th 


<c 


27tli 


(C 


28tll 


(( 


29th 


(C 


30th 


(( 


31st 


(C 


32d 


(C 


33d 


<( 


34th 


(( 


35th 


<c 


36th 


It 


37th 


(C 


38th 


(( 


39th 


(( 


40th 


(( 



C Littleton W. Tazewell, 

\ Hugh L. White, 

C George Poindexter, 

I John Tyler, 
William R. King, 
William R. King, 
William R. King, 

C Samnel L. Southard, 

I Willie P. Mangum, 
Willie P. Mangum, 
David R. Atchison, 
David R. Atchison, 
William R. King, 
William R. King, 
David R. Atchison, 
Jesse D. Bright, 
Benjamin Fitzpatrick, 

C Jesse D. Bright, 

\ Solomon Foot, 
Solomon Foot, 

( Solomon Foot, 

^ Daniel Clark, 
La Fayette S. Foster, 
Benjamin F. Wade, 



"Virginia. 

Tennessee. 

Mississippi. 

Virginia. 

Alabama. 



New Jersey. 
Jforth Carolina. 

Missouri. 

Alabama. 

Missouri. 

Indiana. 

Alabama. 

Indiana. 

Vermont. 



New Hampshire. 

Connecticut. 

Ohio. 



SECRETARIES OF THE SENATE 



Names. 


States. 


Time of appoint- 
ment. 


Expiration of ser- 
vice. 


Samuel AUyne Otis, . 

Charles Cutts, .... 

Walter Lowrie, .... 

Asbury Dickens, 

John W. Forney, 

George C. Gorham, . 


Massachusetts, 
New Hampshire 
P6nnsj'lvauia, 
North Carolina, 
Pennsylvania, 
California, 


8 April, 1789 

11 Oct., 1814 

12 Dec, 1825 
12 Dec, 1836 
15 July, 1861 

4 June, 1868 


18 April, 1814 
12 Dec, 1825 

5 Dec, 1836 
15 July, 1861 

4 June, 1868 



CLERKS OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. 



Names. 


States. 


Time of appoint- 


Expiration of ser- 






ment. 


vice. 


John Beckley, .... 


Virginia, 


1 April, 1789 


15 May, 1797 


Jonathan Williams Condy, 




Pennsylvania, 


15 May, 1797 


9 Dec, 1800 


John Holt Oswald, 




Pennsylvania, 


9 Dec, 1800 


7 Dec, 1801 


John Beckley, 






Virginia, 


7 Dec, 1801 


26 Oct., 1807 


Patrick Magruder, 






Maryland, 


26 Oct., 1807 


28 Jan., 1815 


Thomas Dougherty, . 






Kentucky, 


30 Jan., 1815 


3 Dec, 1822 


Matthew St. Clair Clarke, 






Pennsylvania, 


3 Dec, 1822 


2 Dec, 1833 


Walter S. Franklin, . 






Pennsylvania, 


2 Dec, 1833 


20 Sept., 1833 


Hugh A. Garland, 






Virginia, 


3 Dec, 1838 


31 May, 1841 


Matthew St. Clair Clarke, . 






Pennsylvania, 


31 May, 1841 


6 Dec, 1843 


Caleb J. McNulty, 






Ohio, 


6 Dec, 1843 


18 Jan., 1845 


Benjamin B. Fi'ench, . 






New Hampshire 


18 Jan., 1845 


7 Dec, 1847 


Thomas Jefferson Campbel 


» 




Tennessee, 


7 Dec, 1847 


13 April, 1850 


Richard M. Young, . , 






Illinois, 


17 April, 1850 


1 Dec, 1851 


John W. Forney, 






Pennsylvania, 


1 Dec, 1851 


4 Feb., 1856 


William Cullora, 






Tennessee, 


4 Feb., 1856 


6 Dec, 1857 


James C. Allen, . 






Illinois, 


6 Dec, 1857 


3 Feb., 1860 


John W. Forney, 






Pennsylvania, 


3 Feb., 1860 


4 July, 1861 


Emerson Etheridge, . 






Tennessee, 


4 July, 1861 


8 Dec, 1863 


Edward McPherson, . 






Pennsylvania, 


8 Dec, 1863 





438 



STATISTICAL BE COEDS. 



CHAPLAINS TO CONGRESS. 

Sliowing the names of clergymen who have served as Chaplains to the Senate since 1789 ; 
also, the churches to which they belonged, in the order of their appointment. 

The initials opposite the name signify: B. for Baptist, C. for Congregationalist, D. for 
Dutch Reformed, E. for Episcopalian, L. for Lutheran, M. for Methodist, P. for Pres- 
byterian, R. C. for Roman Catholic, 17. for Uuiversalist, Un. for Unitarian. 



Ifames. 



Church. 



Et. Rev. Bishop Samuel Provost, . E. 


Rt. Rev. Bishop White, . 


. E. 


Rt. Rev. Bishop Clagett, . 


. E. 


Rev. Dr. E. Gantt, 


. E. 


Rev. A. T. McCormick, . 


. E. 


Rev. Dr. Gantt, 


. E. 


Rev. John J. Sayers, , 


. E. 


Rev. Dr. Gantt, . 


. E. 


Rev. A. T. McCormick, 


. E. 


Rev. R. Elliott, . 


. P. 


Rev. M. Wilmer, 


. . E. 


Rev. 0. B. Brown, 


. B. 


Rev. Walter Addison, 


. E. 


Rev. J. Breckenridge, D.D. 


. P. 


Rev. Jesse Lee, . 


. M. 


Rev. J. Glendy, . 


. P. 


Rev. J. Glendy, . 


. P. 


Rev. S. E. Dwight, . 


. C. 


Rev. William Hawley, 


. E. 


Rev. John Clark, 


. P. 


Rev. B. Allison, 


. B. 


Rev. William Ryland, 


. M. 



Names. 

Rt. Rev. C. P. Mcllvaine, D.D. 

Rev. W. Staughton, . 

Rt. Rev. C. P. Mcllvaine, D.D. 

Rev. W. Staughton, . 

Rev. W. Rylaud, 

Rev. H. V. D. Johns, D.D. 

Rev. J. P. Durbin, D.D. 

Rev. C. C. Pise, 

Rev. T. W. Hatch, . 

Rev. E. Y. Higby, 

Rev. Henry Slicer, 

Rev. G. G. Cookman, 

Rev. S. Tustin, D.D. 

Rev. Henry Slicer, 

Rev. C. M. Butler, D.D. 

Rev. Henry Slicer, 

Rev. Henry C. Dean, 

Rev. Stephen P. Hill, 

Rev. P. C. Gurley, D.D. 

Rev. Le Roy Sunderland, D.D. 

Rev. Dr. Thomas Bowman, 

Rev. Dr. E. H. Gray, 



Church. 

. E. 

. B. 

. E. 

. B. 



. M. 
. E. 
. M. 
R. C. 
. E. 
. E. 



M. 
M. 
P. 

M. 



E. 
M. 
M. 
B. 
P. 
P. 
M. 
B. 



Showing the names of clergymen who have served as Chaplains to the House of Bepre- 

sentatives since 1789. 



Names. Church. Names. Church. 

Rev. Williami Lynn, D.D. . . P. Rev. T. H. Stockton, D.D. . . M. 

Rev. Samuel Blair, . . . .P. Rev. E. D. Smith, .... P. 
Rev. Ashbel Green, D.D. ... P. Rev. T. H. Stockton, D.D. . . M. 
Rev. Thomas Lyell, . . . . M. Rev. O. C. Cotostock, . . . B. 

Rev. W. Parkinson, . . . . B. Rev. S. Tustin, D.D P. 

Rev. W. Bentley, . . . ^ C. Rev. L. E. Reese M. 

Rev. W. Parkinson 
Rev. James Laurie, 
Rev. J. Glendy, 
Rev. R. Elliott, 
Rev. O. B. Brown, 
Rev. Jesse Lee, 
Rev. N. Sneathen, 
Rev. Jesse Lee, 
Rev. O. B. Brown, 
Rev. S. H. Cone, D.D 
Rev. B. Allison, 
Rev. J. N. Campbell, 
Rev. Jared Sparks, LL.D. 
Rev. J. Breckenridge, D.D 
Rev. H. B. Bascomb, D.D. 
Rev. Reuben Post, D.D, 
Rev. R. R. Gurley, 
Rev. Reuben Post, D.D 
Rev. W. Hammett, . 

Note. — The Thirty-fifth Congress discontinued the usage of electing Chaplains, and extended an 
invitation tc the clergy of the District of Columbia to alternate in opening the daily sessions by prayer, 
and in preaching on the Sabbath; which they continued to do until the Thirty -sixth Congress; but tha 
Thirty-seventh Congress returned to the old practice. 



P. 


Rev. 


p. 


Rev. 


p. 


Rev. 


M. 


Rev. 


B. 


Rev. 


C. 


Rev. 


B. 


Rev. 


P. 


Rev. 


P. 


Rev. 


P. 


Rev. 


B. 


Rev. 


M. 


Rev. 


M. 


Rev. 


M. 


Rev. 


B. 


Rev. 


B. 


Rev. 


B. 


Rev. 


P. 


Rev. 


Un. 


Rev. 


P. 


Rev. 


M. 


Rev. 


P. 


Rev. 


P. 


Rev. 


P. 


Rev. 


M. 





Names. 

T. H. Stockton, D.D. 

E. D. Smith, 

T. H. Stockton, D.D, 

O. C. Cotostock, 

S. Tustin, D.D. . 

L. E. Reese, 

Joshua Bates, 

T. W. Braxton, . 

J. W. French, . 

J. N. Mafflt, D.D. 

J. S. Tiffany, . 

J. S. Tinsley, . 

W. M. Daily, D.D. 

W. H. Milburn, . 

W. S. S. Sprole, 

P. D. Gurley, D.D. 

L. E. Morgan, . 

James Gallagher, 

W. H. Milburn, 

jf)auiel Waldo, . 

Daniel Waldo, . 

T. H. Stocktpn, D.D. 

W. H. Channing, 

Charles B. Boynton, D.D, 



C. 
B. 
E. 
M. 
E. 
B. 
M. 
M. 
P. 
P. 
M. 
P. 
M. 
C. 
C. 
M. 
U. 
C. 



STATISTICAL BECOBDS. 439 

SUCCESSIVE ADMINISTRATIONS. 

[officially prepared for this work.] 
FIRST ADMINISTEATION— 1789 to 1797.— Eight Years. 

JVesiVZenf— George Washington, Vii'ginia. 

Vice-President — John Adams, Massachusetts. 
-^Secretaries of State* — Thomas Jeffersoa, of Virginia, appointed September 26, 1789 ; 
Edmund Randolph, of Virginia, January 2, 1794; Timothy Pickering, of Massachu- 
setts, December 10, 1795. ,..■ 

Secretaries of the Treasury — Alexander Hamilton, of New York, September 11, 1789; 
Oliver Wolcott, of Connecticut, February 3, 1795. ^ 

Secretaries of War and of the IVavyf — Henry Knox of Massachusetts, September 12, 
1789;>^imothy Pickering, of Massachusetts, January 2, 179i; James McHenn;^, of 
Maryland, January 27, 1796. -^ 

Postmasters- G-ener all — Samuel Osgood, of Massachusetts, September 26, 1789 ; Tim- 
othy Pickering, of Massachusetts, November 7, 1791 ; Joseph Habersham, of Georgia, 
February 25, 1795. 

Attorneys- General — Edmund Randolph, of Virginia, September 26, 1789, made Secre- 
tary of State, January 2, 1794 ; William Bradford, of Pennsylvania, January 28, 1794 ; 
died. Charles Lee, of Virginia, December 10, 1795. 

SECOND ADMINISTRATION— 1797 to 1801.— Four Years. 

President — John Adams, Massachusetts. 

Vice-President — Thomas Jefferson, Virginia. 
^^'Secretaries of State — Timothy Pickering, continued in office; John Marshall, of Vir- 
ginia, May 13, 1800. - 

Secretaries of the Treasury — Oliver Wolcott, continued in office ; Samuel Dexter of 
Massachusetts, May 31, 1800. 

Secretaries of War — James McHenry^ continued in office ; Samuel Dexter, of Massa- 
chusetts, May 13, 1800; Roger Griswoldfof Connecticut, February 3, 1801. 

Secretaries of the Navy — George Cabot^f Massachusetts, May 3, 1798, declined; Ben- 
jamin Stoddert, of Maryland, May 21, 1798. 

Postmaster- General — Joseph Habersham, continued. 

Attorney- General — Charles Lee, continued. 

THIRD ADMINISTRATION— 1801 to 1809.— Eight Years. 

President — Thomas Jefferson, Virginia. 

Vice-Presidents — Aaron Burr, New York; George Clinton, New York. 
^, Secretary of State — James Madison, of Virginia, March 5, 1801. 

Secretaries of the Treasury-^anxiiel Dexter, continued in office ; Albert Gallatin, of 
Pennsylvania, May 14, 1802. s ^. 

Secretary of War — Henry Dearborn,' of Massachusetts, March 4, 1801. ■ 

Secretaries of the Navy — Benjamin Stoddert, continued in office; Robert Smith,\>f 
Maryland, January 26, 1802 ; Jacob Crownshield, of Massachusetts, March 2, 1805. 

Postmasters- General — Joseph Habersham, continued in office; Gideon Granger, of 
Connecticut, January 26, 1802. 

Attorneys- General — Theophilus Parsons, of Massachusetts, February 20, 1801, de- 
clined ; Levi Lincoln, of Massachusetts, March 5, 1801 ; resigned in 1805. Robert 
Smith, of Maryland, March 2, 1805; John Breckeuridge, of Kentucky, December 25, 
1805 ; Caesar A. Rodney, of Pennsylvania, January 20, 1807. 

FOURTH ADMINISTRATION— 1809 to 1817.— Eight Years. 

President — James Madison, Virginia. 

Vice-Presidents — George Clinton, New York, Elbridge Gerry, Massachusetts. 
^Secretaries of State — Robert Smith, of Maryland, March 6, 1809 ; James Monroe, of 
Virginia, November 25, 1811. 

* The Department of State was created by the Act of September 15, 1789, previously to which, by Act 
of July 27, 1789, it was denominated the Department of Foreign AfTairs. 

t The War Department, as created by Act of Congress of August 7, 1789, had also the superintendence 
Of Naval Affairs. A separation took place in April, 1798, when a Navy Department was established. 

X From the organization of the Government down to the year 1829 the Postmasters-General were not 
recognized as members of the Cabinet, but are herein printed as such for the sake of uniformity. 



440 STATISTICAL BECOBDS. 



Secretaries of the Treasury — Albert Gallatin, continued in office ; George W. Camp- 
bell, of Tennessee, February 9, 1814 ; Alexander J. Dallas, of Pennsylvania, October 
6, 1814. v.. \ ^ 

Secretaries of War — William Eustii, of Massachusetts, March 7, 1809 ; John Arm^ 
strong, of New York, January 19, 1813; James Monroe;^of Virginia, September 26, 
1814; William H. Crawfordrof Georgia, March 2, 1815. 

Secretaries of the iVat)?/--Paul Hamilton, of South Carolina, March 7, 1800 ; William j(^ 
Jones of Pennsylvania, January 12, 1813 ; Benjamin W. Crowinshield, of Massachu- 
setts, December 17, 1814. 

Postmasters- General — Gideon Granger, continued in office; E. J. Meigs, of Ohio, 
March 17, 1814. 

Attorneys-General — Ceesar A. Eodney, continued in office; William Pinkney, of 
Maryland, December 11, 1811 ; Eichard Eush, February 10, 1814. 

FIFTH ADMINISTEATION— 1817 to 1825.— Eight Years. 

President — James Moneoe, Virginia. 

F8ce-Pr.esiV7en«— Daniel D. ToMiaNS, New York. 
^•Secretary of State— John Q. Adams, of Massachusetts, March 3, 1817. 

Secretary of the 7>eas?/r?/r^William H. Crawford, of Georgia, October 22, 1817. 

Secretaries of IFar— Isaac Shelby, of Kentucky, March 5, 1817, declined the appoint- 
ment ^,- John C. Calhoun, of South Carolina, December 16, 1817. 

Secretaries of the iVaz;?/— Benjamin W. Crowninshield, continued in office; Smith 
Thompson, of New York, November 30, 1818 ; John Eogers, 1823 ; Samuel L. South- 
ard, of New Jersey, December 9, 1823. 

Postmasters- Ge7ieral— Return J. Meigs, continued in office ; John McLean, of Ohio, 
December 9, 1823. 

Attorney-General— WilliamWirt, of Virginia, December 15, 1817. 

SIXTH ADMINISTEATION— 1825 to 1829.— Four Yeaks. 

President— JonN Quincy Adams, Massachusetts. 

Vice-President — John C. Calhoxtn, South Carolina. 
.-Secretary of State— Henry Clay, of Kentucky, March 8, 1825. 

Secretary of the Treaswr jtr^Eichard Eush, of Pennsylvania, March 7, 1825. 

Secretaries of TFar-^James Barbour, of Virginia, March 7, 1825; Peter B. Porter, of 
New York, May 26, 1828. / 

Secretary of the iVav?/— Samuel L. Southard, continued in office. 

Post7nasters- General— John McLean, continued in office. 

Attorney- General— William Wirt, continued in office. 

SEVENTH ADMINISTEATION— 1829 to 1837.— Eight Years. 

President— Ai!n)-REW Jackson, Tennessee. 

Vice- Presidents— J o^N C. Calhoun, South Carolina; Martin Van Buren, New York. 

Secretaries of State— Martin Van Buren, of New York, March 6, 1829 ;^Edward Liv- 
ingston, of Louisiana, 1831; Louis McLane, of Delaware, 1833; JohnForsyth, of Geor- 
gia, 1834. /- 

Secretaries of the Treasury— Samuel D. Ingham, of Pennsylvania, March 6, 1829; 
Louis McLane, of Delaware, 1831 vlWilliam J. Duane, of Pennsylvania, 1833; Epger B. 
Taney, of Maryland, 1838 (not confirmed by the Senate) ; Levi Woodbury, of New 
Hampshire, 1834. >, 

Secretaries of Tfar— John H. Eaton, of Tennessee, March 9, 1829 ; Lewis Cass, of 
Michigan, 1831. /"" ^"" 

Secretaries of the Navrj-Jdhn Branch, of North Carolina, March 9, 1829 ; Levi Wood- 
bury, of New Hampshire, 1831 ; Mahlon Dickersor^ of New Jersey, 1834. 

Postmasters- General— William T. Barry,* of Kentucky, March 9, 1829 ; Amos Kendall, 
of Kentuckv, 1835. 

Attorneys- General— John M. Berrien, of Georgia, March 9, 1829; Eoger B. Taney, of 
Maryland, December 27, 1831; Benjamin F. Butler, of New York, June 24, 1834. 

EIGHTH ADMINISTEATION— 1837 to 1841.— Four Years. 
PresK^eni- Martin Van Buren, New York. 

* Before the accession of Andrew Jackson to the Presidency, the Postmaster -General was looked upon 
as the head of a bureau, but President Jackson invited Mr. Barry to a seat in his Cabinet meetings, 
since which time the head of the Post Office Department has been considered a regular member ol the 
Cabinet. 



■^: 



STATISTICAL BE CORD 8. 441 



Vice-President — RiOhaed M. Johnson, Kentucky. 
^Secretary of State — Joliu Forsyth, of Georgia, June 27, 1834. 

Secretary of the Treasury — Levi Woodbury ,'^f New Hampshire, June 27, 1834. 

Secretary of War — Joel R. Poinsett, of SouthjSarolina'^ March 7, 1837. ^ 

Secretaries of the Navy— Mahlon Dickersoufof New Jersey, June 30, ISSi; James X. 
K. Paulding, of New York, June 30, 1838. 

Postmasters- General — Amos Kendall, of Massachusetts, May 1, 1835; John M. Niles, 
of Connecticut, May 25, 1840. 

Attorneys- General — Benjamin F. Butler, of New Yoi'k, continued in office, having 
acted for five months as Secretary of War; Felix Grundy, of Tennessee, September 1, 
1838; Henry D. Gilpin, of Pennsylvania, January 10, 1840. 

NINTH ADMINISTRATION— 1841 TO 1845.— Foue Yeajrs. 

President— General William Henry Haeeison, Ohio. Died April 4, 1841. 

Vice-President — John Tyler, Virginia. 

President — John Tylee, Virginia (from April 4, 1841). 

Secretaries of State-p^Daniel Webster, of Massachusetts, March 5, 1841; Hugh S.""" 
Legare, of South Carolina, May 9, 1843, died June 20, 1843 ; Abel P. Upshurj^of Vir- 
ginia, June 24, 1843, died February 28, 1844^;,-J^hn Nelson, acting, February 29, 1844 ; 
, John C. Calhoun, of South Carolina, March 6, 1M4. 

Secretaries of the Treasury — Thomas Ewiug, of Ohio, March 5, 1841 ; Walter For*^ 
ward, of Penusvlvania, September 13, 1841; John C. Spencer; of New York, March 3, 
1843; George M. Bibb, of Kentucky, June.15, 1844. 

Sec)-etai-ies of War-f^John Bell, of Tennessee, March 5, 1841 ; John C. Spencer, 'of 
New York, October 12, 1841, transferred to Treasury Department; James M.Porter, 
of Pennsylvania, March 8, 1843, rejected by the Senate; William Wilkins, of Pennsyl- 
vania, February 15, 1844. ^ - „„x- 

Secretaries of the Navy— George E. Badger, of North Carolina, March 5, 1841 ; Abel P. 
Upshur, of Virginia, September 13, 1841, transferred to Department of State ; David Hejj- 
shaw, of Massachusetts, July 24, 1843, rejected by the Senate ; Thoina^ W. Gilmei'Tof 
Virginia, February 15, 1844, died February 28, 1844; JohnY. Mason, tfr Virginia, March 
14, 1844. 

Postmasters-General — Francis Granger, of New York, March 6, 1841 ; Charles A. 
Wickliffe, of Kentucky, September 13, 1841. 

Attorneys-General — John J. Crittenden, of Kentucky, March 5, 1841 ; Hugh S. Le- 
gare, of South Carolina, September 13, 1841, died ; John Nelson, of Maryland, January 
2, 1844. 

TENTH ADMINISTRATION— 1845 to 1849.— Four Years. 

PresifZt'wJ— James Knox Polk, Tennessee. 

Vice-President — George M. Dallas, Pennsylvania. 
_^ecretary of State — James Buchanan, of Pennsylvania, March 5, 1845. ^^ 

y Secretary of the Treasury — Robert J. Walker, of Mississippi, March 5, 1845. 

Secretary of War — >William L. Marcy, of New Yark, March 5, 1845. ^,^ 

Secretary of the Navy — George Bancroft, of Massachusetts, March, 1845; John Y. 
Mason, of Virginia, in 1846. X 

Postmaster-Genzral—CAye Johnson, of Tennessee, March 5, 1845. 

Attorneys-General — John Y. Mason, of Virginia, March 5, 1845; Nathan Clifford, of 
Maine, December 23, 1846; Isaac Toucey, of Connecticut, June 21, 1848. 

ELEVENTH ADMINISTRATION— 1849 to 1853.— Four Ye.ves. 

President— Zacuary Taylor, Louisiana. Died July 9, 1850. 

Vice-President — Millard Fillmore, New York. 

President — Millaro Fillmore, New York. Succeeded Zachary Taylor, on his 
death, July 9, 1850. 

Secretaries of State — John M. Clayton, of Delaware, March 7, 1849 ; Daniel Webster, 
of Massachusetts, July 20, 1850, died October 24, 1852; Edward Evei'ett,'^f Massachu- 
setts, November, 1852. >^. 

Secretaries of the Treasury — William M. Meredith, of Pennsj'lvania, March 7, 1849 ; 
^horaas Corvvin, of Ohio, July 20, 1850. ,, -/ 

'' Secretaries of War— George W. Crawfordrof Georgia, March 7, 1849; Windeld Scott, 
a clinterim, July 23, 1850; Charles M. Conrad^'jof Louisiana, August 15, 1850. 

Secretaries of the Navy— WilUam B. Preston, of Virginia, March 7, 1849; William Ar^ 
Graham, of North Carolina, July 20, 1850; John P. Kenuedyj-iyf Maryland, in 1852. 

Secretaries of the Interior— ThomSiS Ewing, of Ohio, March 7, 1849 ; Alexander H. H. 
Stuart, of Virginia, September 12, 1850. 



442 STATISTICAL BEC0BD8. 



Postmasters- General— Jacob Collamer, of Vermont, March 7, 1849 ; Nathan K. Hall, 
of New York, July 20, 1850; Samuel D. Hubbard, of Connecticut, 1852. 

Attorne2/s- General — Reverdy Johnson, of Maryland, March 7, 1849 ; John J. Critten- 
den, of Kentucky, July 20, 1850. 

TWELFTH ADMINISTRATION— 1853 TO 1857.— Four Yeaes. 

President — Franklin Pierce, New Hampshire. 
Vice-President— WxlJjX AM. R. King, Alabama. Died April 18, 1853. 
.Secretary o/ /Sto^e— William L. Marcy, of New York, March 7, 1853. 
^ Secretary of the Treasury — James Guthrie, of Kentucky, March 7, 1853. 

Secretary of War — Jefferson Davis, of Mis^ssippi, March 7, 1853. 
'^Secretary of the Navy— James C. Dobbin,'of North Carolina, March 7, 1853. 
Secretary of the Interior — Robert McClelland, of Michigan, March 7, 1853. 
Postmaster- General — James Campbell, of Pennsylvania, March 7, 1853. 
Attorney-General — Caleb Cushing, of Massachusetts, March 7, 1853. 

THIRTEENTH ADMINISTRATION— 1857 to 1861.— Four Years. 

President — Jambs Buchanan, Pennsylvania. . 

Vice-President — John C. Breckinridge, Kentucky. X 

■Secretaries of State — Lewis Cass, of Michigan, March, 1857; Jeremiah S. Black, of 
.Pennsylvania, December, 1860. 

Secretaries of the Treasury^ir^owell Cobb, of Georgia, March, 1857; Philip F. 
gliomas, of Maryland, December, 1860;yJ6hn A. Dix, of New York, January, 1861. 
^Secretaries of War— John B. Floyd, of Virginia, March, 1857; Joseph Holt, of Ken- 
'tucky, December, 1860. ^' 

Secretary of the Navy — Isaac Toucey, of Connecticut, March, 1857. 

Secretary of the Interior — Jacob Thompson, of Mississippi, March, 1857. 

Postmasters- General — Aaron V. Brown, of Tennessee, March, 1857, died; Joseph 
Holt, of Kentucky, March, 1859; Horatio King, of Maine, February 12, 1861. 

Attorneys-General — Jeremiah S. Black, of Pennsylvania, March, 1857; Edwin M. 
Stanton, of Ohio, December, 1860. • 

FOURTEENTH ADMINISTRATION— 1861 to 1869.— Eight Years. 

President — Abraham Lincoln, of Illinois. Died April 15, 1865. 

Vice-Presidents— llA^-^ia AX. Hamlin, of Maine ; Andrew Johnson, of Tennessee, 
March 4, 1865. 

President — Andrew Johnson, of Tennessee, succeeded Abraham Lincoln, on his 
death, April 15, 1865. 

Secretary of State — William H. Seward, of New York, March, 1861. 

Secretaries of the Treasury-Salmon. P. Chase, of Ohio, March, 1861; William P.. 
Fessenden, of Maine, July 1, 1864; Hugh McCuUochf'of Indiana, March, 1865. ''V 

;'- Secretaries of War — Simon Cameron, of Pennsylvania, March, 1861; Edwin M^ 
Stanton, of Ohio, January, 1862. Sdspended August 12, 1867, and General Ulysses S.X!. 
Grant appointed ad interim; but, by order of the Senate, Mr. Stanton was reinstated in 
the War Office, January 14, 1868. On the 21st February, 1868, Mr. Stanton was re- 
moved from office, and Major-General Lorenzo Thomas)< the Adjutant-General, was 
appointed Secretary of War ad interim; but the Senate did not concur, and Mr. Stanton 
continued in office. The Senate, as a Court of Impeachment, having failed, Mr. 
Stanton, on the 26th of May, 1868, voluntarily retired from the War Department. John>f( 
M. Schofleld, of Illinois, May 30, 1868. ^' 

Secretary of the Navy — Gideon Welles, of Connecticut, March, 1861. 

Secretaries of the Interior — Caleb B. Smith, of Indiana, March, 1861, resigned De- 
cember, 1862 ; John P. Usher, of Indiana, January, 1863 ; James Harlan, of Iowa, 
May, 1865 ; O. H. Browning, of Illinois, appointed in July, 1866, but did not enter upon 
Ms duties until September 1, 1866. 

Postmasters-General — Montgomery Blair, of Maryland, March, 1861 ; William Den- 
nison, of Ohio, October, 1864 ; Alexander W. Randall, of Wisconsin, July, 1866. 

Attorneys- General— 'Edward Bates, of Missouri, March, 1861; James Speed of Ken» 
tucky, December, 1864 ; H. F. Stanbery, of Kentucky, July, 1866. 



STATISTICAL BEGQBDS. 443 



CABINET MmiSTEKS WHO HAVE NOT SERVED IN 

CONGRESS. 

[With a view of making more complete the present record of Cabinet Ministers, it 
has been deemed advisable to submit the following brief sketches of those who have 
not served in Congress ; while those who were in Congress will be found duly noticed 
in the bodj'^ of this volume.] 

Bancroft, George.— Born in Worcester, Massachusetts, in 1800 ; commenced his 
education at Exeter Academy, New Hampshire, and graduated at Cambridge Univer- 
sity, in 1817 ; in 1818 he visited Europe, studied at Gotteugen and Berlin, and travelled 
extensively; in 1823 he published a volume of Poems; in 1824 a translation of " Heeren's 
Politics of Greece ; " and became a frequent contributor to the " North American " and 
other reviews. On his return from Europe he spent one year as a Tutor at Harvard ; 
was at the head of the Round Hill School at Northampton ; from 1838 to 1841 he was 
Collector of Boston, appointed by President Van Bureii ; in 1844 he was an unsuccess- 
ful candidate for the Governorship of Massachusetts ; in 1845 he was appointed, by 
President Polk, Secretary of the Navy; in 1846 he was appointed Minister to Great 
Britain, remaining there until 1849 ; on his return he settled in New York and became 
an active member of various learned societies. In 1834 he published the first volume 
of his " History of the United States," since which time, eight additional volumes 
have appeared ; in 1855 he published his " Literary and Historical Miscellanies ; " in 
1865, by invitation of Congress he delivered, in the Capitol, an oration on the death of 
Abraham Lincoln ; and in 1867 he was appointed, by President Johnson, Minister to 
Prussia. 

Black, Jeremiah S. — He was born in Pennsylvania about the year 1807; received a 
good education; studied law, and, after devoting himself to the practice for ten years, 
he was appointed, in 1851, a Judge in Somerset County which office he held untiri857 ; 
and during the latter year he went into the Cabinet of President Buchanan, as Attor- 
ney-General. 

Blair, Montgomery. — He was born in Franklin County, Kentucky, May 10, 1813 ; 
was educated at the West Point Academy ; served in the Florida War under General 
Scott; studied law and settled in the practice of the profession at St. Louis in 1839 ; 
was Mayor of that city in 1842 ; Judge of the Court of Common Pleas from 1843 to 
1849, when he resigned; in 1852 he removed to Maryland; practised his profession in 
the Supreme Court of the United States and was one of the Counsel in the Dred Scott 
case ; was appointed Solicitor of the Court of Claims by President Pierce ; in 1860 he 
acted as President of the " Maryland Republican Convention " and as a Presidential 
Elector at the subsequent Election ; and by President Lincoln, he was appointed, in 
1861, Postmaster-General, resigning the position in October, 1864. His brother, F. P. 
Blair, Jr., was a member of Congress, and his father, Francis P. Blair, was for many 
years a Public Printer, in Washington, in conjunction with John C. Rives. 

Bradford, William.— Born in Philadelphia in 1755; graduated a Princeton in 1772, 
with a high reputation for talents ; he was engaged in the study of law at the out- 
break of the Revolution, but entered the army as Major of Brigade to General Rober- 
deau; he next commanded a company of regular troops under Colonel Hampton ; he 
was then appointed Deputy Muster-Master-General with the rank of Lieutenant-Colo- 
nel, which office ill health compelled him to resign after serving two years ; he returned 
to the study of law, and in 1779 was admitted to the bar of the Supreme Court of 
Pennsylvania; in August, 1790, he was appointed Attorney-General of the State; in 
1791 was commissioned as Judge of the Supreme Court, which office he held until 1794, 
when he was appointed Attorney-General of the United States ; in 1793 he published 
an " Inquiry how far the Punishment of Death is Necessary in Pennsylvania," with 
notes and illustrations ; and, in the earlier periods of his life, some of his poetical pro- 
ductions were published in the " Philadelphia Magazine." He died August 23, 1793. 

Butler, Benjamin Franklin.— He was born in Kinderhook, New York, December 
14, 1795 ; studied law with Martin Van Buren, and after his admission to the bar, in 
1817, became the law partner of his law preceptor; in 1821 he was appointed District 
Attorney for the City of Albany ; in 1824 he was appointed one of three lawyers to re- 
vise the laws of New York; in 1827 he was elected to the State Legislature; in 1829 
he was appointed a Regent of the New York University, resigning the position in 1832; 
in 1833 he was appointed a Commissioner to settle a dispute between tlie States of New 
York and New Jersey; in November of the same year he went into President Jackson's 
Cabinet as Attorney-General, and continued in the office one year with President Van 
Buren ; from October, 1836, to March, 1837, he officiated as Secretary of War ; in 1845 



444 STATISTICAL BE COMBS. 



he was a Presidential Elector, and he was subsequently twice appointed United States 
Attorney for the Southern District of New York. In October, 1858, he went to Europe 
for the improvement of his health, and in a few weeks thereafter he died at Paris. 
From his funeral sermon, preached in New York City by the Rev. Dr. William B. 
Sprague, we learn that he was a man of superior ability and high character. 

Dallas, Alexander J. — Born on the Island of Jamaica, June 21, 1759. His father 
was from Scotland. He received an excellent education at Edinburgh and Westmin- 
ster, and emigrated to the United States in 1783, and settled at Philadelphia, where he 
studied law and established himself in practice. He was engaged in literary pursuits ; 
was a frequent contributor to periodicals, and at one time Editor of tlie " Columbian 
Magazine." He prepared a system of law reports which were published in four volumes. 
In January, 1791, he was appointed Secretary of Pennsylvania, and held the office until 
1801, when he was appointed District Attorney of the United States for the Eastern 
District of Pennsylvania; in October, 1814, was appointed Secretary of the Treasury 
of the United States, and for a time performed the duties of Secretary of War in addi- 
tion; in September, 1816, he resigned, and resumed the practice of law in Philadel- 
phia; died January 16, 1817. He published " Features of Jay's Treaty," in 1795, and 
various speeches, reports and addresses, and left unfinished a " History of Penn- 
sylvania." 

Dennison, Willlvm. — Born in Cincinnati, Ohio, November 23, 1815 ; graduated at 
the Miami University in 1835 ; studied law and came to the bar in 1840 ; settled in Co- 
lumbus where he practised his profession until 1848 ; during that year he was elected to 
the Legislature ; in 1852 he was a Presidential Elector; and about that time was made 
President of the Exchange Bank of Columbus, and also President of the Columbus 
and Xenia Railroad Company; in 1856 he was a Delegate to the " Pittsburgh Conven- 
tion," which inaugurated the Republican party, and took an active part in its proceed- 
ings; was also a Delegate to the "Philadelphia Convention" of the same year; in 
1860 and 1861 he was Governor of Ohio, and did much towards organizing the Volun- 
teer army for subduing the Rebellion ; he was Chairman of the "Ohio Convention" 
held In 1862; a Delegate to the "Baltimore Convention" of 1864, over which he pre- 
sided as President ; and in October, 1864, he became a member of President Lincoln's 
Cabinet as Postmaster-General, which position he resigned. 

DuANE, William J.— He was born in Pennsylvania, in 1780, and was appointed by 
President Jackson, Secretary of the Treasury, which office he held only for a few months 
during the year 1823. 

Floyd, John B.— He was born in Montgomery, now Pulaski County, Virginia, in 
1805, and was the son of John Floyd, formerly a member of Congress. He was a stu- 
dent at the Georgetown College, District of Columbia, but graduated at the State Col- 
lege of South Carolina, in 1826 ; from 1836 to 1839 he resided in Arkansas ; from 1847 
to 1849 he served in the Virginia Legislature ; was Governor of Virginia from 1849 to 
1852 ; was a Delegate to the Cincinnati Convention of 1856 ; was Secretary of War in 
the administration of President Buchanan, and in 1860 caused an extensive transfer of 
arms from Northern to Southern Arsenals ; and he was one of the first to join the Re- 
bellion, in which he took a leading part as a Brigadier-General. He died at Abingdon, 
Virginia, August 27, 1863. 

Gilpin, Henry D.— He was born in Pennsylvania, in 1801 ; was well educated; and 
long a successful lawyer. In January, 1840, he went into President Van Buren's Cabinet 
as Attorney-General, where he remained until March, 1841. Died in 1860. 

Granger, Gideon.— Born in Suffield, Connecticut, July 19, 1767; graduated at Yale 
College in 1787, and in the following year was admitted to the bar of the Supreme 
Court of Connecticut, where he practised with great distinction. In 1793 he was elect- 
ed a member of the Legislature, and continued in that body several years. To his exer- 
tions the State is principally indebted for its school fund. In 1801 he was appointed 
Postmaster-General of the United States, and continued in that office until 1814, when 
he removed to the State of New York. In 1819 he was elected to the State Senate, 
which situation he resigned in 1821, on account of ill health. He did much to promote 
internal improvements of the State; andgaveonethousandacresof landin aid of the canal. 
He died in Canandaigua, December 31, 1822. His writings were confined almost en- 
tirely to political subjects; his principal publications were written in favor of the ad- 
ministrations of President Jefiterson and Governor Clinton, and on the school fund of 
Connecticut. He was an able speaker and a powerful writer. 

Hamilton, Paul. — Born in South Carolina ; was a patriot of the Revolution ; was 
appointed, in 1799, Comptroller of South Carolina, which office he held over five years. 



STATISTICAL BECOBDS. 445 



In 1804 he was elected Governor of the State. In 1809 he was appointed Secretary of 
the Navy, and held the office until 1812, when he resigned. He died at Beaufort, June 
30, 1816. 

Henshaw, David. — Born in Leicester, Massachusetts, April 2, 1791, and his father 
was a patriot of the Revolution ; he received a common-school education ; while yet a 
young man he went into the drug business, but devoted much of his attention to writ- 
ing on politics ; he was for nine years Collector of Customs for the Port of Boston ; 
was appointed in 1843, by President Tyler, Secretary of the Navy, and, after holding 
the office for nearly a year, was rejected by the Senate. He took an important part iu 
the earlier railroad operations of his State, and was one of the projectors of the 
Boston and Worcester and Providence Railroads. Died in Leicester, November 11, 
1852. 

Holt, Joseph. — Born in Breckenridge County. Kentucky, January 6, 1807 ; was edu- 
cated at the St. Joseph and Centre Colleges of that State ; studied law, came to the bar 
in 1828, and settled in Louisville. For two years he was Attorney for the Common- 
wealth ; was a visitor to "West Point in 1835, appointed by President Jackso a ; a Delegate 
to the "Baltimore Convention" of that year, in which he vindicated R. M. Johnson 
from certain political imputations made against him ; from 1835 to 1840 he resided in 
Mississippi, practising his profession, when he returned to Louisville ; from 1848 to 
1851 he travelled in Europe and the East, going up the Nile and visiting Jerusalem. 
In 1857 he settled in Washington City, and was soon afterwai'ds appointed, by President 
Buchanan, Commissioner of Patents; in 1859 he went into the Cabinet as Posrmaster- 
General; in 1860 he was placed ad interim at the head of the War Department and 
subsequently confirmed as Secretary; in 1861 he was a Commissioner for adjusting the 
war claims of Missouri ; early in 1862 he was a Commissioner on Ordnance ; in the lat- 
ter part of the year he was appointed by President Lincoln, Judge Advocate General ; 
and in 1864 he was placed at the head of the Bureau of Military Justice. In Novem- 
ber, 1864, President Lincoln invited him into the Cabinet as Attorney-General, which 
he declined. 

Kendall, Amos. — He was born in Dunstable, Massachusetts, August 16, 1789 ; com- 
menced his education while a farmer's boy at the Academies of New Ipswich and 
Groton ; taught school at North Reading, and with the money thus obtained entered 
Dartmouth College and graduated with honor. In 1811 he commenced the study of 
law; in 1814 he visited Washington City, and thence went to Lexington, Kentucky, 
where he was a tutor for one year in the family of Henry Clay; in 1816 he was appoint- 
ed Postmaster of Georgetown, Kentucky, and while practising his profession, edited a 
newspaper called the "Argus,"and for many years he was a constant writer for the polit- 
ical press ; became a Director in the Bank of the Commonwealth ; in 1829 he was ap- 
pointed, by President Jackson, Fourth Auditor of the Treasury ; and in May, 1835, he 
was promoted to the position of Postmaster-General, in which position he continued 
under President Van Buren, until May, 1840. He subsequently took up his permanent 
residence in Washington City. Soon after the claims of Professor Morse, in regard to 
the telegraph, had been recognized by Congress, he became identitied with the practi- 
cal workings of that invention. He was also the founder of the Deaf and Dumb 
Institution in Washington ; and, at the cost of one hundred thousand dollars, he built, 
as a memorial to his wife, the Baptist Calvary Church of Washington. In 1866 he 
went to Europe on a tour of pleasure, extending his travels even to the Holy Land ; and 
is said to be engaged iu writing a " History of his Life and Times." He is also the 
author of a Life of Andrew Jackson. 

King Hokatio.— He was born in Paris, Oxford County, Maine, June 21, 1811, his 
grandfather and three uncles having fought in the Revolution ; received a good common- 
school education; when quite young he became identified as printer and publisher with 
a newspaper called " The Jeflfersonian " which was finally merged in " The Eastern Ar- 
gus ; " in 1839 he settled in Washington City as a clerk in the Post Office Department, 
where he continued, and received various promotions ; in 1850, he became connected 
with the foreign mail service, in which capacity he originated and perfected certain 
postal arrangements of great importance ; in 1854 he was appointed First Assistant 
Postmaster-General, and in January, 1861, while acting as Postmaster-General, he was 
questioned by a member of Congress, from South Carolina, in regard to the franking 
privilege, when, by his reply, he was the first officially to deny the power of a State to 
take itself out of the Union. From President Buchanan he received the appointment 
of Postmaster-General, serving from the 12th of February until the 4th of March, 1861 ; 
and during the existence of the Rebellion he was appointed one of a Board of Com- 
missioners to carry out the Emancipation Law for the Disti'ict of Columbia; and he 
also served gratuitously as Treasurer of the Maine Soldiers' Relief Association. 



446 STATISTICAL BECORDS. 



Knox, Henry. — Boru in Boston, July 25, 1750, and received his education at tlie 
schools in that town. Before the Revolution he was made a Captain of an Indepen- 
dent Company of Militia, in Boston, and, having had some experience, at the commence- 
ment of hostilities, he was placed at the head of the Artillery. In 1776 the corps was 
increased to three regiments, and he was promoted to the rank of Brigadier-General. 
He was actively engaged during the whole contest, and after the capture of Cornwallis, 
in 1781, he received the commission of Major-General. In March, 1785, he was ap- 
pointed Secretary of War, and, after the adoption of the Constitntion, Washington ap- 
pointed him to the same office. In 179-1 he resigned the office, and retired to private 
life, at which time Washington assured him of his friendship, and declared him to have 
"deserved well of his country." He settled at Thomaston, Maine, where he died 
October 25, 1806. 

Leb, Charles. — Was a native of Virginia, an eminent lawyer, a member of the 
State Legislature, and was appointed by Washington to succeed William Bradford, as 
Attorney-General of the United States in 1795, serving until 1801. He was subsequent- 
ly appointed, by Jefferson, Chief Justice of the Circuit Court of the United States for 
the Fourth Circuit, but declined accepting the office. He died in Farquhar County, 
Virginia, June, 1815. 

McCxTLLOcn, Hugh. — He was born in Kennebunk, Maine ; in 1824 he entered Bow- 
doin College, but left in his sophomore year, on account of his health ; studied law, 
and on being admitted to practice, removed to Fort Wayne, Indiana, in 1833 ; in 1835 
he was chosen Cashier of the Branch of the State Bank of Indiana, and as such, 
and also as a Director, he was connected with it until 1857; in that year he 
was elected President of the State Bank, in which position he continued until 1863 ; by 
Pi'esident Lincoln he was soon afterwards appointed Comptroller of the Currency, 
which bureau he organized and put into successful operation; and in March, 1865, he 
entered the Cabinet as Secretary of the Treasury. 

Meredith, William M. — Having tiied, but in vain, to obtain a proper notice of this 
gentleman, the present blank is a necessity. 

Paulding, James K.— Born in Duchess County, New York, August 22, 1778 ; spent 
his boyhood on his father's farm ; and in 1797 he obtained a clerkship in New York 
City, where he commenced, and long continued his labors, as a man of letters. His 
first book was " Salmagundi," published in 1807; in 1812 he issued the "History of 
John Bull and Brother Jonathan," and in 1813 the "Lay of the Scotch Fiddle ;" in 
1815 he was made Secretary of a Board of Navy Commissioners ; in 1817 he published 
"Letters from the South; " in 1818 the "Backwoodsman; " in 1822 " A Sketch of Old 
England; " in 182i he was appointed Navy Agent at New York; in 1825 appeared his 
" John Bull in America; " in 1831 the " Dutchman's Fireside ; " and in 1832 " Westward 
Ho." In 1838 he was appointed, by President Van Buren, Secretary of the Navy, 
from which office he retired in 1841, and spent the remainder of his life in retirement 
in the county where he was born. Died April 5, 1860. 

Eandall, Alexander W.— He was born in Montgomery County, New York, in Oc- 
tober, 1819; received a good education, and studied law; removed to Wisconsin in 
1840 ; practised his profession for many years at Waukesha ; was appointed, by Presi- 
dent Taylor, Postmaster of that place; in 1854 he was elected to the State Legislature, 
in 1856 he was appointed Judge of the Second Judicial District of the State ; in 1857 
and 1859 he was elected Governor of Wisconsin; early in 1861 he was appointed, by 
President Lincoln, Minister Resident to Italy ; on his return, at the close of the war, 
he was appointed Assistant Postmaster-General, and in 1866 he entered President 
Johnson's Cabinet as Postmaster-General. 

Rush, Richard.— Born in Philadelphia, August 29, 1780, and was the son of Benja- 
min Rush; graduated at Princeton College in 1797 ; studied law, and came to the bar 
in 1800; in 1811 he was made Attorney-General of the State, and soon afterwards ap- 
pointed, by President Madison, Comptroller of the Treasury; on the 4th of July, 1812, 
by request, he delivered an oration in the Capitol ; in 1814 he was appointed Attorney- 
General of the United States, having declined the Treasury Department ; for a few 
months he 'performed the duties of Secretary of State, under President Moni'oe ; in 
1817 he was appointed Minister to England, serving until 1825; he was Secretary of 
the Treasury, under President J. Q. Adams ; was the candidate for Vice-President on 
the ticket with Adams ; in 1847 he was appointed Minister to France, by President Polk, 
remaining in office ten years. In 1833 he published " A Residence at the Court of St. 
James;" a Sequel to it in 1845; in 1857, "Familiar Letters of Washington ;" and 
in 1860 a volume of " Occasional Productions " was published. He took a leading 
part in securing the fund of the Smithsonian Institution, and was a Regent of the same ; 



STATISTICAL BECOUDS. 447 



and published various papers and addresses on literary and political topics. Died in 
Piiiladelpbia, July 30, 1859. 

ScHOFiELD, John McAllister. — Born in Chautauque County, New York, Septem- 
ber 29, 1831 ; removed to Illinois with his parents, when a boy ; graduated at the West 
Point Academy in 1853 a'nd made a Second Lieutenant in the Second Artillery; was 
first stationed in South Carolina and Florida; was an instructor in Natural Philosophy, 
at West Point, for five years ; in 1860 was granted leave of absence to occupy the chair 
of Natural Philosophy, in Washington University, at St. Louis; on the commencement 
of hostilities in I860 he was detailed by the War Department to raise troops and was 
appointed Major of the First Missouri Volunteers; in 1861 he was appointed a Captain 
in the Regular Army; was Chief of General Lyon's Staflfas Assistant Adjutant when 
the heroic General fell at Wilson's Creek, and acquitted himself with great gallantry ; 
November, 1861, he was made a Brigadier-General of Volunteers; in June, 1862, the 
entire State of Missouri was placed under his command ; in October following he won 
the battle of Maysville, near Pea Ridge, in Arkansas ; soon after that he was commis- 
sioned a Major-General of Volunteers, and in 1864 a Brigadier-General in the Regular 
Army, and in 1865 elevated to the full rank of Major-General. In 1864 he joined Gen- 
eral Sherman with 17,000 men, and took a conspicuous part in nearly all the engagements 
of the Atlantic campaign, until the surrender of General Joseph Johnston. After the 
war he made a tour of inspection in the Southern States ; also visited Europe ; in 1867 
he was assigned to the First Military District, comprising Virginia; and on the resig- 
nation of General Grant as Secretary of War ad interim, and while impeachment was 
progressing, he was appointed by President Johnson, Secretary of War, and after the 
acquittal of the President, was duly confirmed May 30, 1868. 

Speed, James.— Was born in Jefierson County, Kentucky, March 11, 1812; graduated 
at St. Joseph's College, in that State; was for a time employed in the office of the 
Clerk of the Circuit and County Courts ; studied law at Transylvania University, 
and, on being admitted to the bar, settled in the practice at Louisville, in 1853. in 
1847 he was elected to the State Legislature; in 1861 he was elected to the State 
Senate ; and in November, 1864, he was appointed, by President Lincoln, Attorney- 
General of the United States, which ofiice he resigned in July, 1866, and resumed the 
practice of his profession. He was also a Delegate to the Pliiladelphia "Loyalists' 
Convention " of 1866, of which he was President. 

Stanbery, Henry. — He was born in the City of New York, February 20, 1803 ; 
emigrated to Ohio in 1814; graduated at Washington College, Pennsylvania, in Sep- 
tember, 1819 ; studied law, and came to the bar of Ohio in May, 1824, and to the bar 
of the United States Supreme Court in December, 1832 ; was elected', by the Assem- 
bly of Ohio, the first Attorney-General of that State in 1846; and in July, 18GC, was 
appointed, by President Johnson, Attorney-General of the United States. His domi- 
cile is on the Kentucky side of the Ohio River, opposite Cincinnati, but his ofiice has 
hitherto been in that city, and his professional business in Ohio. On the 12th of 
March, 1868, he resigned the position of Attorney-General, for the purpose of defend- 
ing President Andrew Johnson during his Impeachment trial. 

Stanton, Edwin M. — He was born in Steubenville, Ohio, December 19, 1814; gradu- 
ated at Kenyon College ; studied law, and, having commenced its pi'actice at Cadiz, 
Ohio, subsequently settled in his native town. In 1842 he was elected, by the Legisla- 
ture, Reporter of the Decisions of the Supreme Court of the State, which office he 
held for three years. In 1848 he formed a law partnership at Pittsburg, but continued 
his business before the courts of Ohio. Soon after that, he began to be much em- 
ployed in the Supreme Court of the United States, which compelled him to remove to 
Washington in 1857; in 1858 he was sent, by the government, to Califoi'nia, to defend 
its interests in certain important land cases in that State ; in December, 1860, he went 
into President Buchanan's Cabinet as Attorney-General, holding that ofiice until the 
close of the Administration, when he resumed the practice; of his profession ; and in 
January, 1862, he was appointed, by President Lincoln, Secretary of War, and was con- 
tinued in that position by President Johnson until August 12, 1867, when he was sus- 
pended as Secretary by the President but, by order of the Senate, was reinstated 
in ofiice January 14, 1868. On the 21st of February following President Johnson 
made a second efi'ort to remove him, but, by direction of the Senate, he continued in 
ofiice. Resigned in May, 1868. In 1867 he received from Yale College the degree of 
LL.D. 

Stoddert, BENJA>nN. — He was born in Maryland ; served as a Major, during the Rev- 
olution; and was for many years extensively engaged in mercantile persuits in 
Georgetown, District of Columbia, where one of the streets of the town still bears his 
name. In May, 1798, he was appointed, by President Adams, Secretary of the Navy, 



448 STATISTICAL BECOBDS, 



and »'?»s tho fli'st man who v«ovvoil in that cav»!Voity; and. althousjh ooutiuued in the 
position l\v Tivsidont .UMlorsou. Ivo was snporsodod in .Tannnrv. ISO'J. Ho snbsoqiUMUly 
sottlod in Ul:u1onsbnrir. Maryland, Nvhero ho died at an advauood ago, nnivorsally re- 
spected for his high diaractev. 

Tayi.ok. Z.V0U.V15Y. — B(>rn in Viriiinia in 17S+. and wont willi his tatlior to Kontncky 
inl78:»: roooivod a liniitod oduoation; in 1808 ho was appointod. by Trosidont .lotVor- 
son, a 1-iontonant of Iniaiiiry; sorvod in tho war of 181"J as a Captain, and was 
Invvottod a Jl;\ior for i^aU.int sorvioos; tYom I8ir> to ISot? ho had oouunand of vari- 
ous military posts in the Wostorn oountry: in 18l".> ho was made a Liontonant-Oolonol; 
in Iv^rc a t'olonol; sorvod with distinction in tho Blaok Hawk war. and also in tho 
war a.jirainst tho Sominolos in Florida; in 18 tl ho so'.tlod his family at Baton lionijo, 
in Louisiana : was nuulo a iiouoral, and had command of tlio American army during 
tho Mexican war. and after iiainiuir a nnmber of battles, won tho .Jireat and decisive 
Battle of lUieua Vist^i. In 18i8 he was. by the Whig party, elected President of tho 
Uulted States ; was inaugurjited March, 1S49, and died iu Washington, July 9, 1S50. 

Frsuvn?, AnKV. r.vuKKU.— Ho was born in Northampton County. Virginia. Jane 17, 
1?.>0; studied law, and settled in Kiohmond, where he practised his profession from 
1810 to 18'JI; in 18lH) ho was chosen Judge of the Ceneral Court of the State; was a 
member of tiio "State Constitutional Conventioii"" of 18'J0; was again chosen Judge, 
serving many years: in 1811 ho went into tho Cabinet of Trosidont fyler. as Socretarv 
of tl\e Navy; in 184;> he was transt'erred to the head of the Slate l")epartment ; andontho 
-'8th of February. 1814. he was killed by tho explosion of a gun, on board the war- 
steamer rrluceton. lie wtis au occAsionsU writer for the press. 

UstiER. Joiiv r.— Tie was bortt in Xew York, but early in life removed to Indiana, 
whew ho studied law, and practised the pin->tVssiou. He was elected to the State l.og- 
isl.'Vtnro. and t\>r a short time was Attornoy-lionoral of tho State. Uy rresident Lin- 
coln he was appointed, in 18(xi\ tlie tlrst Assistant Secretary of tho Interior Depart- 
ment, and. on the resignation of C. IL Smith as Secretary, he was appointed to 
succeed him in tho Cabinet, which position ho i-osignod in tho spring of 18i>,'>. He 
subsequent\Y resumed tho practice of his profession, and became Cousulting Attorney 
tot tlie Kasteru Divisiou of tlie Union Pacific K^Ulroad Comp;vuy. 

Wktxi^s. GmKOX.— Ho was born in Olastonbnry. Connecticut. July 1. 1802: educated 
chlet^v at the Norwich University of Vermont, and studied law. in 182(5 he became 
the editor of the *• Hartford riuics ; " from 1827 to 18;V:> ho was a member of the Con- 
uecticnt Lcgislatniv: was subsequently appointed Comptroller of ruiUic Accounts? ; 
fivm 18:>i> to 1841 he w:vs Postmaster of Hartford, h.aving boon appointed by President 
J;ickson; in 1842 he was made Comptroller of tho State: in 184i> he took charge of 
a bnivau in tho Navy Pepartmenr. where he remained until 18 1;>; w;vs a Delegate to 
tlie "Chicago Convention' of 18(?0. and iu 18i>l he went into President Lincolu"s Csibi- 
net as Secivtary of tho Navy. For thirty years before becoming Secretary, he was 
an ooeasional contributor to "the " Hartfoixi Press," the New York "Evening Post," 
and the W;ishitigton " Olobe" and " Uulou." 

^VlRr. Wna.i.vM.— Born in Bladensbnrg. Maryland. November 8. 1772. of Swiss and 
Gt>rman parents : obtained his early education at private schools: otliciated for a time 
as a private tutor: studied law. atul came to tho bar in 17;H. pr:iciisiug at Culpepper. 
Virginia: in 17;>;> he was chosen Clerk of the House of Deleg:»tes : in 1802 appointed 
Chancellor of the F.;\stern District of Virginia; in 180;^ he settled in Norfolk, and 
wrtne the " British Spy:"' in 180i> he settled in Richmond: in 1812 ho wrote "The 
Old Bachelor." and iti 1817 the " Life of Patrick Henry : " in 18U5 he w:is appointed by 
Pivsidont Madison. Attorney of the United States for tho District of Virginia: in 
1817 he was appointed Attornoy-Genonvl of the United Stares, holding tho ortice until 
l^oO. atter which he settled in Bjilrimore. wheiv ho died. February 18. 18;U. In 1824 
the degree of LL.D. >vas conferi-od upon him by ILirvivixl College. Ue occupied a high 
rank a* a public man and a citizen. 



tho 



[It has not been the intention of the author to give the names or biographies of 
oso who have held Cabinet positions oiiinU^nm, because the duration of such ap- 
pointments has genendly been limited to a short period : but it has been deemed ad- 
visable, on account of their special signiticance. to imvke a note of tho following 
temporary Secretaries of War. whose names appear in the foregoing list of adminis- 
trations. ' The recorvls are submitted iu clirouological onier.] 

Scott. "WixTTEi-r*. — Born ne.ar Petersburg. Virgini;i, June lo. 1780: attended the 
High School at Ivichmond. and William and Mary College : went through a course of 
law studios, and was adtuitted to tlie bar iu 1$0<>. His first military service was reu- 



STATISTICAL BECOUDS, 449 



dcrcd In 1807, wlien he Joined a Militia company of horse, to repel tlie anticipated inva- 
Hion of tJie IJritl.sh; in 180!), after liaviii;^ made an effort to settle in South Carolina as a 
lawyer, he was commissioned a (Japtain, and joined the army at iVew Orleans ; returned 
liome in 1810, hut nijoined the arrny of Louisiana in 1811 ; in 1812 ho was raised to tlie 
rank of Major and Lieutenant-(/olonel, and ordered to Uuffalo; in the affair of Qiieens- 
towti he was taken prisoner l)y the J3ritish, but excluini^ed early in 181.'}; before the 
close of that year lie had captured Fort George, and been commissioned a Colonel; in 
1814 he was made Adjut,ant-General, and, dnrin^^ the summer of that year, he won the 
important battles of Chippewa and Lundy's Lane, in the last of which he was wounded, 
and for these important services he was brevctted Major-General, received with the 
thanks of the nation a f^old medal from Congress, and was tendered the appointment of 
Secretary of War, which lie declined. Early in 18;)2 he took part in the campaign 
usifainst IJlack Hawk ; but before the close of that year he was ordered to Charleston, 
Avhere, as a peacemaker, he did much to quell the excitement fijrovvin;^ out of Nullifi- 
cation. In 1837 lie was assigned to duty against the Seminoles in J^'lorida, and also 
against the Creek Indians; — his presence on the \Janadian frontier in 18.']8 and 1839 
did much to quiet the troubles of that exciting period ; and, in 1841, on the death of Gen- 
eral Macomb, he became Commander-in-chief of the army. lie took a prominent part in 
the war with Mexico; his (Irst service there was to invest Vera Cruz, wJdcli surren- 
dered to his arms; he then defeated Santa Anna at Cerro Gordo; entered Jalapa; 
occupied the castle and town of Perote, and the city of Puebla; defeated the enemy at 
Contreras and Cliurubusco; and carried by assault the great fortification of Chapulte- 
pec, the key to the City of Mexico. He entered the City of Mexico as victor, and, the 
object of the war having been accomplished, peace was concluded in February, 1848; 
and tliough an attempt was made by a rival General to injure Ids fame, he I'eturnedto 
Washington, and resumed his position at the head of the army. His service as Secre- 
tary of War ad intmm, was rendered in 1850, under President Fillmore. In 1852 he 
became the Whig candidate for the office of President, but was defeated; and in 185!) 
lie was honored with the brevet title of Lieutenant-General, the rank having been 
establislied by Congress for his exclusive benefit, and so framed that it should not 
survive him. On the breaking out of the liebellion he again rendered important ser- 
vices by securing to the government the possession of Wasliington City, and the safe 
inauguration of President Lincoln. On the last day of October, 18G1, because of his 
declining health, he^sked to be retired from active seiwice, and on tiie 1st of Novem- 
ber, tlie President, attended by all his Cabinet, waiteaupon him at his residence, and 
read to him the order which placed him on the retired list, " without reduction in his 
current pay, subsistence, or allowance," and on the same day Major-General George B. 
McClelhin was appointed his successor in command of the army. He subsequently 
made a brief visit to Europe, and settled at West Point. lie published " Infantry Tac- 
tics ;"" Regulations of the Army ;" and an " Autobiography ;" and several biographies of 
him were issued during his life, by E. D. Mansfleid and others. Died at West Point, 
May 29, 18GG. 

Grant, Ulysses S.— He was born in Point Pleas-ant, Clermont County, Ohio, April 
27, 1822. Although originally named Hiram Ulysses, the congressman who nominated 
him for the West Point Academy gave his name, by mistake, as Ulysses S. and by that 
name has lie ever been recognized. He graduated at the Military Academy in 1843, 
and, as Second Lieutenant, was assigned to the Fourth Infantry. He continued in the 
army, from that time, for eleven years, and participated in most of the battles of the 
Mexican war, excepting Buena Vista, serving under Generals Scott and Taylor, and 
receiving two brevets, for gallantry at Molino del Key and Chapultepec. While serv- 
ing in Oregon, in 1852, he was promoted to the rank of Captain. In 1854 he resigned 
his commission, and settled near St. Louis on a farm ; in 1859 he was a real-e.-state 
agent in St. Louis; and early in 18G0 he i-emoved to Galena, Illinois, where he joined 
his father and a brother in the manufacture of leather. When the liebellion com- 
menced he raised and took command of a company of Volunteers, and before the close 
of 18G1 he had command, as Colonel, of the 21st Illinois liegiinent, and was made a 
Brigadier-General of Volunteers; in 18G2 he was promoted to the rank of Major-Gen- 
cral of Volunteers, from which time his military history is to be traced in his achieve- 
ments at Fort Donelson, Shiloh, Corinth, Juka, Vicksburg, and Chattanooga, in the 
West and South, and at the Wilderness, Spotsylvania, Cold Harbor, and Petersburg, 
in Virginia, culminating in the surrender of General Kobert E. Lee, on tlie 9th of April, 
18G5. It was on the 4th of July, 18G3, that he was appointed, by President Lincoln, 
Major-General in the regular army, and he was appointed Lieutenant-General March. 
2, 1864, receiving this commission directly from the hands of the President. After the 
close of the liebellion he took command of the armies of the United States, with his 
head-quarters at Washington. In December, 18G3, Congress passed a Jointi-esolation, 
thanking him and the soldiers who fought under him for their gallant services, and 
awarding him a gold medal. On the i2th of December, 18C7, he was appointed, by 
President Johnson, Secretary of War ad interim, in the place of E. M. Stautou, sus- 
29 



450 STATISTICAL EECOBDS. 



ponded, which position ho hold until the November following, when the Senate refused 
to sanetion the suspension of Mr. Stanton; and by the " Republican National Con- 
vention" of 1S('.8. liolil in Chicago, he waa uomluated by accUuuation for the cilice of 
rresident of the United States. 

Thomas, Lorkxzo— ITo was born in Newcastle, Deiaware, October 26, 1804; grad- 
uated ut tlie West I'oint Aeademy, in 182;). as Second Lieutenant oftlic Fourth Inthntry 
and served as sueli in Florida ainoiijj: the Creeli Indians, and in Waslun,!j:ton ; was coni- 
missioned a Captain in 18;l(; ; in 18:58 was appointed Assistant Adjtitant-tienerid with 
tiie brevet ranli ofMijor; was Chief of Stall" in tlie Florida war in 18;K); was brevetted 
J.ieulenant-Colonel in 184(i, for "uallant and meritorious conduct " at Monterey, in 
Mexico; in 1818 he was made Assistant Adiutant-t.enerai, with the rank of Lieutenant- 
Colonel.' and nssisjneil to duty in Washinjiton; and from 1848 to 18(51 he was Chief of 
Statf under Ceneral Scott, commandins; the army at New York City. In 18r.l he was 
appointed Adjutant-C.enerai of tii^' army, with tlie brevet of Colonel, and was;, in the 
same year, brevetted a Hri,!j:adier-(nMieral ; in 18(5;5 he was assii^nedto tlie special duty 
of oriianizin-i' colored troops in tlie Sontli-west. and subsequently performed a number 
of ins'iieetiou tours connected with tlie Frovost-Marshals, and with the national ceme- 
teries of tlie United States. On the L'L'd of l<\'brnary, 18(58, he received, IVoni I'resident 
.lolmson, the appointment of Secretary of War. ad iiUrrim, but Secretary Stanton 
refused to vacate the otllce, and the coutlict of ant hority thus occnrrini; continued until 
lyiay L'(5, when Mr. Stanton retired from the War Department. It was the appointment 
of (tciierai 'riiomas as Secretary of War, al hi'rrim, by Frosideut .lohnson, upon which 
the articles of Impeaclimciit, presented by the House of llepresentatives, werei^rouuded, 
and of the leading charges in which, alleV due trial, the Fresideut was acquitted. 

EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE CIVIL SERVICE. 

[officially PUBPAKED for Tins VOLUME.] 

While the Constitution specilles no man as an executive olilcer excepting the Bresl- 
deiit. his Cabinet Ministers have always shared the title with him ; but the real execu- 
tive otlleers of the tleneral C.overninent are the men who have charge of the bureaus of 
the several departments. They are the men. moreover, with whom the people como 
more directly in contact whileattendiug to bu.siness in Wasliington, and the following 
is anantlientic list of sucli otlleers who have held appointments since the foundation of 
the government. And here the compiler desires to make the statement that where the 
dates are omitted it is because (he records of the otllces are incomplete; and also that it 
has been impossible for him to separate the dates of appoiutjueut from those of cou- 
liniiation by the Senate. 

DEFARTMENT OF STATE. 

A!<!iht(U)t Secretaries.— X. Dudley Manu. March 23, 1853. William Hunter, May 8, 
1855. John Addison Thomas, November 1.1855. John Appletou, April 4. 1857. Fred- 
erick W. Seward (^present ineumbenC). Marcli G, 18ol. William Hunter (.Second As- 
sistant and present incumbent), Jal^' 27, 18()(5. 

TREASURY DEFARTMENT. 

AanhtiDit Srctrtarivs.— Tench Coxe (offlee abolished June 30, nos"), September 11, 
178H. Charles U. Fenrose, March 12, 1845). Allen A. Hall. October 10, 184!). William 
L. llodne, November 1(5, 1850. Fetw O. Washington, March 4. 1853. Fliilip Clayton, 
March 13. 1857. tU>ori>e Harrin-;ton, March 13.18(51. Manuel B. Field, March 18, 
18(54. William E. Cliaiuller, June 5, 18(55. John F. Hartley, July 11,18(55. Edmumi 
Cooper. November — , 18(57. 

(^(UH/iOM/Z-rs.— Nicholas FA-eleisrh, September 11, 178!). Oliver Wolcott. Jr., June 
17, 17!U. Jonathan Jackson. Febrnarv 25, 17!)5. ,Tohn Davis, June 2G, 1795. John 
Steele, July 1, 17!n5. Cahriel Duval, December 15, 1802. Richard Rush. November 22, 
1811. Ezekiel llacon, Febrnarv U, 1814. Joseph Anderson, February 28, 1815. 
Ceorire Wolf. June 18. 183(5. Jaines N. Barker. Febrnarv 23, 1838. Walter Forward, 
April (5, 1841. James W. MeCulloh. April 1. 1842. l-ilisha Whittlesey, May 31, 1840. 
AViillain Medill. May 1. 1857. Klislia Whittlesey (reappointed), April 10, 18GI. Rob- 
ert W. Tavlor (present incmutiont'), Januarv 14. 18(53. 

SrcoiKl C()))u)fr.i//()>'.— Riclianl Cutts. March 22, 1817. Isaac Hill, March 21,1829. 
James 11. Thornton, Jnlv 14. 1830. Albion K. Farris, August 20, 183(5. Hiland Hall, 
November 2!), 1850. E. J. Fhelps, October 1. 1851. John U. llrodhead, Felnniary U, 
1853. James Madison Cutts. October!), 1357. John M. Brodhead (reappointed and 
present lucumbent), June 30, 18(53. 



STATISTICAL EECOBDS. 451 



CommisMonprs of CwsZoms.— Charles W. Rockwell, March Ifl, 1S49. Hugh J. Ander- 
son, March 2;J, IH'}11. Samuel Ingham, February 3, 1858. Natluiu Sargent (pressent 
incumbent), May 14, 1801. 

Firsl Auditors.— OWvar Wolcott, Jr., September 11, 1789. William Smith, Jr., July 
10, 17!)1. Richard Harrison, November 2!), 1791. Jesse Miller, l)(HU!nib(!r 27, 1880. 
Tully K. Wise, June 17, 1842. William Collins, July 24, 1844. William Collins, De- 
cember 81, 1844. John C. Clarke, August 2, 1849. Thomas L. Smith, October 31, 

1849. Thomas L. Smith (present incumbent), July 23, 1850. 

^S('cnn(i Auditors.— WUUiim Lee, March (i, 1817. William B. Lewis, March 19, 1830. 
John McCalla, March 29. 1845. Philip Clayton, April 9, 1849. Thomas J. 1). Fuller, 
February 3, 1858. K/,ra IJ. French (present incumbent), August 3, 18(>1. 

Ihird Auditors.— I'etcr Ilagner, March 0, 1817. John S. Gallaher, October 22, 1849. 
John S. Gallaher, August 31, 1850. Francis IJurt, April G, 1853. Robert J. Atkinson, 
August 28, 1854. Robert J. Atkinson, February 19, 1855. Elijah Sells, July 18, 1864. 
John Wilson (present iucumb'jnt), Octol)er 28, 18(i4. 

Fourth Auditors.— WllUiua Winder (called accountant of the navy), July 10, 1708. 
Thomas Turner (called accountant of the navy), January, 1800. Constant Freeman 
(called accountant of the navy), February, 1810. Constant Freeman (Auditor), March 
G, 1817, William P. Van Ness, May 20, 1824. William Lee, February to June, 1824. 
Tobias Watklns, January 3, 1825. Amos Kendall, May 10, 1830. John C. Pickett, Jan- 
uary 5, 1830. Aaron O. Dayton, June 9, 1838. A. J. O'Bannon, March 1, 1859. Tal- 
iaferro Hunter, August 15, 1800. Hobart Berrian, May 4, 18G1. Stephen J. W. Tabor 
(present incumbent), January 18, 1804. 

Fifth Anditors.—aicplwn Pleasanton, March C, 1817. Josiali Minot, March 3, 1855. 
Murray McConnell, August I, 1855. Bartholomew Fuller, March 1, 1859. Jolni C. 
Underwood, July 31, 1801. Charles M. Walker (preseut incumbent), August 31, 1803. 

Sixth Auditors.— ChurlGH K. Gardner, July 2, 183(J. Elisha Whittlesey, March 19, 
1841. Mathew St. Clair Clark, December 19, 1843. Peter G. Washington, March 20, 
1845. John W. Farrellv, November 5, 1849. William F. Phillips, April 7, 1853, 
Thomas M. Tate, October 1, 1857. Green Adams, April 17, 1801. Elijah Sells, October 
20, 1804. Isaac N. Arnold, April 29, 1865. Hugh J. Anderson (present incumbent), 
September 26, 1860. 

Treasurers.— Siimnel Meredith, September 11, 1789. Thomas Tudor Tucker, Jan- 
nary 1, 1801. Michael Nourse (ad. interim), May 3, 1828. William Clark, July 1, 
1828. John Campbell, July 1, 1829. William Selden, July 22, 1839. William B. Ran- 
dolph (ad interim), November 24, 1850. John Sloan, December 1, 1850. Samuel 
Casey, April 7, 1853. William B. Randolph (ad interim), December 23, 1859. William 
C. Price, April 4, 1800. Francis E. Spinner (present incumbent), March 22, 1801. 

/I'e^iVer.?.— Joseph Nourse, September 11, 1789. Thomas L. Smith, June 1, 1829. 
Ransom II. Gillett, April 1, 1845. Daniel Graham, June 4, 1847. Michael Nourse 
(acting), March 6, 1849. Allen A. Hall, April 9. 1849. Michael Nourse (acting), Jan- 
uary 18, 1850. Townsend Haines, February 13, 1850. Nathan Sargent, November 1, 
1851. Finley Bigger, April 20, 1853. L. E. Chittenden, April 17, 1801. Stoddard B. 
Colby (died in 1867), August 12, 1804. Noah L. Jett'ries (present incumbent), Sep- 
tembers, 1807. 

Comptrollers of the C/«rrflMO?/.— Hugh McCidloch, Miy 9, 1803. Freeman Clarke, 
March 9, 1805. Samuel T. Howard (deputy), June, 1805. Hiland R. Ilulburd (deputy), 
July 24, 18G5. Hiland R. Hulburd (present incumjient), February 0, 18(;7. 

Solicitors.— Y'lrixW Maxey, May 20, 1830. Henry D. Gilpin, September 25, 1837. 
Matthew Birchard, January 19, 1840. Charles B. Penrose, September 19, 1841. Seth 
Barton, March 25, 1845. Ransoti* IL Gillett, May 27, 1847. John C. Clark, July 23, 

1850. George P. Comstock, November 15, 1852. F. B. Strceter, January 23, 1854. 
Junius Hillyer, December 1, 1857. Edward Jordan (present incumbent), March 28, 
1801. 

Commissioners of Internal ^ewjiMe.— George S. Boutwell, July 17, 1802. Joseph J. 
Lewis, March 4, 1803. AVilliam Orton, July 1, 1865, Edward Ashton Rollins, Novem- 
ber I, 1SG5. Resigned June 8, 1808. 

Director of B'lrean of Statistics. — Alexander D.elmar (present incumbent), 1800. 

Superintendents of the Coast S'lroeij. — Alexander D. Bache (died February 17, 
1867, December 12, 1843. J. E. Ililgard (assistant in charge during the illness of Pro- 
fessor Bache), April 11, 18i>2. Beiijaraia Peirce (present incuia-jeut), September 27, 
1867. 

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR. 

Assistant Secretaries.— John P. Usher, March 20, 1862. William T. Otto (present 
incumbent), January 28, 1863. 

Commissioners of the Land Office.— Frior to April, 1812, grants of land vvere issued 
by letters patent from the Department of State, and in that year the act was passed es- 
tablishing the General Land OIQce. From that time it was a branch of the Treasury 



452 STATISTICAL BECOBDS. 



Department, but when the Department of the Interior was organized the Land Office 
became one of its bureaus, and has so continued to tlie present time. As the compiler 
was unable to obtain an official list of commissioners, it is not certain that tlie fol- 
lowing names and dates are entirely correct, but he did the best he could under the cir- 
cumstances. In the Land Office itself there is uo official record of those who have 
sei-ved as commissioners. 

Edward Tiffin, May 7, 1812. Josiah Meigs, October 11, 1814. John McLean, Decem- 
ber 24, 1822. George Graham, December 15, 1823. Elijah Hayward, December 16, 
1830. Ethan A. Brown, January 5, 1836. James Whitcomb, December 27, 1836. Elisha 
M. Huntington, July 3, 1841. Thomas H. Blake, May 19, 1842. James Shields, April 
16, 1845. Hichard M. Young, January 6, 1847. Justin Butterfleld, January 24, 1850. 
John Wilson, February 16, 1852. Thomas A. Hendricks, January 8, 1856. Joseph S. 
Wilson, Eebruary 23, 1860. James M. Edmunds, March 19, 1861. Joseph S. Wilson, 
(present incumbent), September 1, 1866. 

CommifiSLoners of the Fatejit O/^ce — (reorganized by law July 4, 1836). — Prior to 
which the heads of the office were styled Superintendents, and the men holding that 
office were as follows :— William Thornton, 1802; Thomas P. Jones, April 12, 1828; 
John D. Craig, January 1, 1830; and James C. Pickett, January 1, 1836. Henry L. 
Ellsworth, July 4, 1836. Edmund Burke, May 5, 1845. Thomas Ewbank, September 
8, 1850. S. H. Hodges, November, 1852. Richard C. Weightman, Acting Commis- 
sioner from March 25 to May 15, 1853. Charles Mason, March 24, 1853. Samuel T. 
Shugert, Acting Commissioner from March 5, 1857, to September 9, 1857. Joseph 
Holt, September 10, 1857. Samuel T. Shugert, Acting Commissioner from March 15 
to May 22, 1859. William D. Bishop, May 23, 1859. Philip F. Thomas, February 16, 

1860. Samuel T. Shugert, Acting Commissioner from December 14, 1860 to March 27, 

1861. David P. Hoiloway, March 28, 1861. Thomas C. Theaker, August 17, 1865. Re- 
signed. 

Commissioners of the Pension Office. — James L. Edwards, March 9, 1837. James E. 
Heath, November 27, 1850. Loren P. Waldo, March 17, 1853. Josiah Minot, January 10, 
1856. George C. Whiting, January 19, 1857. Joseph H. Barrett, May 1, 1861. Kesigned. 

Commissioners of Indian Affairs — OrganizedJuly 9, 1832. — Elbert Herring. July, 1832. 
Carey A. Harris, July 5, 1836. Thomas Hartley Crawford, October 22, 1838. William 
Medill, October 30, 1845. Orlando Brown, July 2, 1849. Luke Lea, July 2, 1850. 
George W. Manypenny, March 30, 1853. James W. Denver, April 17, 1857. Charles 
E. Mix, June 17, 1858. James W. Denver, November 8, 1858. Alfred B. Greenwood, 
May 13, 1859. William P. Dole, March 14, 1861. Dennis N. Cooley, July 11, 1865. 
Lewis V. Bogy, November 1, 1866. Nathaniel G. Taylor (present incumbent), March 
27, 1867. It should be stated here that Mr. Mix has been chief clerk of the office for 
many years, and that his services as Acting Commissioner, at difi'erent times, would 
comprehend nearly four years. 

Commissioner of the Public Buildings. — [From 1791 to 1802 the public buildings were 
under the charge of a Board of Commissioners, and the following were members of 
said board, uaniely : — Thomas Johnson, Daniel Carroll, David Stewart, Gustavus 
Scott, William Thornton Alexander White, William Cranch, and Tristam Dalton.] 

Thomas Munroe, Superintendent, June 2, 1802. Samuel Lane, date of appointment 
not known. Joseph Elgar, Commissioner, April 9, 1816. William Noland, February 
10, 1834. Andrew Beaumont, November 5, 1846. Charles Douglass, March 3, 1847. 
Ignatius Mudd, July 23, 1850. William Easby, March 12, 1851. Benjamin B. French, 
June 30, 1853. John B. Blake, July 1, 1851. William S. Wood, July 12, 1861. Benja- 
min B. French, September 7, 1861. 

[In February, 1867, the office of Commissioner was abolished, and provision made 
for detailing the Chief of the Engineer Corps to perform the duties previously devolv- 
ing upon the Commissioner.] 

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 

[Prior to the establishment of this office on an independent footing, its affiiirs were 
under the general supervision of the Commissioner of the Patent Office, or the Secre- 
tary of the Interior Department, and its immediate head was called a Superintendent.] 

Commissioner.— IssiSiC Newton, July 1, 1862. Died. John W. Stokes, June 20, 1867 
(Acting Commissioner). Horace L. Capron (present incumbent), November 29, 1867. 

BUREAU OF EDUCATION. 
Commissioner. — Henry Barnard (present incumbent), March, 1867. 

WAR DEPARTMENT. 
Assistant Secretaries.— Thomas A. Scott, March, 1861. P. H. Watson, January 22, 



STATISTICAL BECbliDS. 453 



1862. John Tucker, January 27, 1862. C. P. Wolcott, September 1, 1862. Charles A. 
Dana, March 1, 1864. 

NAVY DEPARTMENT. 

Assistant Secretaries.— Gnstavus V. Fox, July 31, 1861. (He was also aclditional 
Secretary six months (from November 26, 1866). William Faxon (present incumbent), 
June 1, 1866. 

OFFICE OF ATTORNEY-GENERAL. 

Assistant Attorneifs-General— Alfred B. McCalmont, March, 1859. Titian J. Coffey, 
March, 1861. J. Hubley Ashton, May, 1864. John M. Biucliley (present incumbent). 
1867. 

POST OFFICE DEPARTMENT. 

Assistant Postmasters-General.— Seth Pease, in office 1816. Abraham Bradley, Jr., 
in office 1817. Phineas Bradley, in office 1818. 

First Assistants.— Charles K. Gardner, appointed in 1829. Selah R. Hobbie, 1836. S. 
D.- Jacobs, 1851. Selah R. Hobbie, 1853. Horatio King, 1854. St. John B. L. Skinner 
(acting), 1861. John A. Kasson, 1861. Alexander VV. Randall, 1862. St. John B. L. 
Skinner (present imcumbent), 1866. 

Second Assistants.— ^ehih. R. Hobbie, 1829. Robert Johnson, 1836. Philo C. Fuller, 
1841. John C Bryan, 1842 or 1843. J. W. Tyson, 1843. N. M. Miller, 1844. William 
Medill, 1845. William J. Brown, 1845. Fitz Henry Warren, 1851. William H. 
Dundas, 1852. George W. McLellan (present incumbent), 1861. 

Third Assistants.— DMnel Coleman, 1836. Johu S. Skinner, 1841. N. M. Miller, 
1845. [For a time this office was dispensed with, and when revived the following 
were appointed :] — John Marron (no date given). Alexander N. Zevely, 1859, 
(present incumbent). 

SUPERINTENDENTS OF PUBLIC PRINTING. 

Prior to 1819 the printing of Congress and the departments was given to the lowest 
bidders, and executed by contract; in that year a law was passed making it the duty 
of the Senate and House of Representatives to elect printers to do their work sepa- 
rately, and on several occasions the two houses selected the same man, or firm, who 
were continued from one Congress to another. Tlie persons elected under this order 
of things until the national printing-office was established were as follows : —Gales & 
Seaton, S., 1820; H., 1821; S., 1835~"; H., 1841; S., 1843. Duff Green, S., 1831. Blair 
& Rives, H., 1835; H., 1837; H., 1840; H., 1843. Thomas Allen, H., 1837; S., 1841. 
Ritchie & Heiss, H. and S., 1845. Robert Armstrong, S., 1852. Beverly Tucker, S., 
1853. A. O. P. Nicholson, H., 1844; S., 1856. Cornelius Wendell, H., 1856. William 
A. Harris, S., 1857. J. H. Steadman, H. 1857. George W. Bowman, S., 1860. 
Thomas H. Ford, H., 1860. The persons who have held the office of Superintendents 
of Public Printing by appointment of the President since the organization of the 
National Printing Bureau are as follows: — John D. Defrees, March 5, 1861. Corne- 
lius Wendell, September 1, 1866. In February, 1867, a law was passed abolishing the 
title of Superintendent, and restoring that of Congressional Printer, and making the 
office elective by the Senate, and, on the 26th of February, 1867, John D. Defrees was 
elected to that office, to serve during the pleasure of the Senate. 

OFFICERS OF THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION. 

Secretary. — Professor Joseph Henry (present incumbent), December 3, 1846. 

Assistant Secretary. — Professor Spencer F. Baird (present incumbent), July 5, 1850. 

Begents.-Uoger B. Taney, John T. Towers, James A. Pearce, James M. Mason, 
Stephen A. Douglas, William H. English, David Stuart, James Meacham, Gideon 
Hawley, J. McPherson Berrien, Richard Rush, Alexander D. Bache, Joseph G. Totten, 
John C. Breckinridge, Hiram Warner, Benjamin Stanton, George E. Badger, Cornelius 
C. Felton, W. B. Magruder, James G. Berret, Lucius J. Gartrell, Hannibal Hamlin, 
Richard Wallach, William Pitt Fessenden, Lyman Trumbull, Schuyler Colfax, Edward 
McPherson, Samuel S. Cox, William B. Astor, William L. Dayton, T. D. Woolsey, 
Garrett Davis, Louis Agassiz, James W. Patterson, Henry Winter Davis, Salmon P. 
Chase, Richard Delafield, Luke P. Poland, James A. Garfield, James F. Farnsworth, 
Benjamin F. Wade, J. V. L. Pryn, Peter Parker, and Johu Maclean. 

Chancellors. — Roger B. Taney, Salmon P. Chase. 



454 STATISTICAL BECOBDS. 



Honorary Ilembcrs. —Robert Hare, Washington Irving, Benjamin Silliraan, Parker 
Cleaveland, A. B. Longstreet, Jacob Thompson, Caleb B. Smith, John P. Uslier. 

In addition to the above, it may be stated that the Presidents of the United States 
and the Vice-Presidents, the members of the Cabinet, the Commissioners of the 
Patent-Office, and the Mayors of the City of Washington, are members ex officio cf the 
Institution. 



PRESIDENTIAL ELECTORS. 

[officially pkepaked for this work.] 

The election of the President and of the Vice-President, by Colleges of Electors, 
chosen in each State, was lirst proposed in the Convention for the formation of the 
Constitution, by James Wilson, a Delegate from Pennsylvania, It was adopted after 
a prolonged discussion, and was regulated by an Act of Congress, of March 1, 1792. 
The Electors must be chosen within thirty-four days preceding the first Wednesday of 
December of the year in which an election of President and Vice-President takes place. 
They must be equal in number to all theSenatoi-s and Representatives in Congress, but 
no Senator or person holding an office of trust or profit under the United States can be 
appointed an Elector. The Electors were at first chosen in four difierent modes, viz. : 
by joint ballot of the State Legislature, by a concurrent vote of the two branches of 
the State Legislature, by the people of the State, voting by general ticket, and by the 
people, voting in districts. This latter mode was evidently that which gave the fairest 
expression to public opinion, by approaching nearest to a direct vote. But those States 
"Which adopted it were placed at the disadvantage of being exposed to a division of 
their strength, and neutralization of their vote ; while the Electors chosen by either of 
the other methods voted in a body on one side or the other, thus making the voice of 
the State decisively felt. This consideration induced the leading States of Massachu- 
setts and Virginia, which originally adopted the district system, to abandon it in 
ISOO, 

An Act of Congress was approved January 23, 1845, to establish a uniform time for 
• holding elections for Electors in all the States of the Union, whereby they are appointed 
in each State on the Tuesday next after the first Monday in the month of November of 
the year in which they are to be appointed. Each State may also by law provide for 
the filling of any vacancy or vacancies which may occur in its College of Electors, 
■when such College meets to give its electoral vote ; and when any State shall have 
held an election for the purpose of choosing Electors, and shall fail to make a choice 
on the day aforesaid, then the electors may be appointed on a subsequent day, in such 
manner as the State shall by law provide. 

The Electors meet at the capitals of their respective States, on the first Wednesday 
of December, and vote by distinct ballots for President and Vice-President, one of 
whom shall not be an inhabitant of the same State with themselves. They make lists 
of the number of votes given, and of the persons voted for, which they transmit 
sealed, by a special messenger, to the President of the Senate at Washington, 

The Senate and House of Representatives, having met in convention on a day fixed, 
the President of the Senate opens all the certificates, and the votes are counted. The 
person having the greatest number of votes for President is duly elected, if such a 
number be a majority of the whole number of Electors appointed. If no person have 
such a majority, then from the persons having the highest number, not exceeding three, 
in the list of those voted for as President, the House of Representatives shall choose 
immediately, and by ballot, the President. If the House of Representatives shall not 
choose a President, whenever the right of choice devolves upon them, before the ith 
of March next following, then the Vice-President shall act as President, as in the case 
of the death or other constitutional disability of the President, 

Should the oflices of President and Vice-President both become vacant, it then 
becomes the duty of the Secretary of State to communicate information thereof to the 
Executive of each State, and to cause the same to be published in at least one news- 
paper in every State, giving two months' previous notice that Electors of President 
shall be chosen or appointed in the several States, within thirty-four days next pre- 
ceding the first Wednesday in December ensuing, when the choice of President must 
proceed as usual. 

FIRST PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION. 

George Washington was unanimously elected President, receiving 69 votes. 
John Adams was elected Vice-President, i-eceiving Si votes ; while John Jay had 9 



STATISTICAL BEGOBDS. 



455 



votes, Robert H. Harrison 6, John Rutledge 6, John Hancock, 4, George Clinton 3, 
Samuel Huntington 2, James Armstrong 1, Edward Telfair 1, and Benjamin Lincoln 1. 
The Electors were : — 

New Hampshire. 
Benjamin Bellows, 
1. John Pickering, 



Caleb Davis, 

1. Samuel Phillips, Jr., 

2. Walter Spooner, 

3. Francis Dana, 



Samuel Huntington, 

1. Oliver Wolcott, 

2. Thaddeus Burr, 



David Brearley, 

1. James Kinsey, 

2. John Rutherford, 

Edward Hand, 

1. Geoi'ge Gibson, 

2. James O'Harra, 

3. John Arndt, 



Gunning Bedford, 
1. John Baning. 

John Rogers, 

1. George Plater, 

2. Robert Smith, 



Patrick Henry, 

1. John Pride, 

2. Edward Stevens, 

3. Zachariah Johnston, 



2. John Parker, 

V Massachusetts. 

4. Moses Gill, 

6. Samuel Henshaw, 

6. William Gushing, 

Connecticut. 

3. Richard Law, 

4. Jedediah Huntington, 

New Jersey. 

3. John Neilson, 

Pennsylvania. 

4. David Grier, 
6. CoUinson Read, 
6. Samuel Potts, 

Delaware. 

Maryland. 

3. William Tilghman, 

4. William Richardson, 

Virginia. 

4. Anthony Walke, 

5. James Wood, 

6. David Stuart, 

South Carolina. 



Ebenezer Thompson. 
3. John Sullivan. 



David Sewall. 

7. William Sever, 

8. William Shepard. 



Erastus Wolcott. 

6. Matthew Griswold. 



David Moore. 

4. Matthias Ogden. 



James Wilson. 

7. Lawrence Keene, 

8. Alexander Graydon. 



George Mitchell. 



Philip Thomas. 

6. Alexander C. Hanson, 
6. William Matthews. 



W. Tikhugh. 

7. John Harvie, 

8. John Roane. 



Christopher Gadsden. Edward Rutledge. 

1. Henry Laurens, 3. Charles C. Pinckney, 5. John F. Grimke. 

2. Arthur Simkins, 4. Thomas Heyward, Jr., 



George Handley, 
1. George Walton, 



GE0RGL4.. 

2. H. Osborne, 



John Wilson. 

3. John King. 



SECOND PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION— 1793. 

George Washington was again unanimously elected President, receiving 132 votes. 
John Adams was elected Vice-President, receiving 77 votes; while George Clinton 
had 50 votes, Thomas Jefferson 4, and Aaron Burr 1. The Electors were : — 



Josiah Bartlett, 

1. John T. Oilman, 

2. John Pickering. 

Azor Orne, 

1. Samuel Holten, 

2. Ebenezer Mattson, Jr., 

3. Thomas Dawes, 

4. William Sever, 

5. Increase Sumner, 



New Hampshire. 
3. Jonathan Freeman, 
Massachusetts. 

6. Walter Spooner, 

7. Moses Gill, 

8. Solomon Freeman, 

9. William Shepard, 
10. Nathaniel Wells, 



Benjamin Bellows. 

4. Ebenezer Thompson. 



Francis Dana. 

11. Thompson J. Skinner, 

12. Daniel Cony, 

13. Dwight Foster, 

14. Peleg Wadsworth. 



456 



STATISTICAL BECOBDS. 



Arthur Fenner, 
1. George Champlin, 



BsfODE Island. 
2. William Greene. 



Samuel Huntington, 

1. Oliver Wolcott, 4. 

2. Thomas Grosvenor, 5. 

3. David Austin, 

Samuel Hitchcock, 
1. Lot Hall, 2. 



Jesse WoodhuU, 

1. Edward Savage, 6. 

2. Samuel Clark, 6. 

3. Johannes Bruyn, 7. 

4. Abraham Yates, Jr., 

Thomas H. Sanderson, 

1. Eichard Stockton, 3. 

2. John W. Vancleve, 4. 



Connecticut. 

Elijah Hubbard, 
Thomas Seymour, 

Vermont. 

Paul Brigham. 

New York. 

William Floyd, 
Volkert Veeder, 
Abraham Ten Eyck, 

New Jersey. 

Joseph Bloomfield, 
Samuel Dick, 

Pennsylvania. 



Samuel J. Potter. 



John Davenport, Jr. 

6. Sylvester Gilbert, 

7. Martin Wait. 



Lemuel Chipman. 



David Van Ness. 

8. Stephen Ward, 

9. John Bay, 

10. Samuel Osgood. 



Aaron D. Woodruff. 

6. Franklin Davenport. 



William Henry, 

1. Joseph Heister, 

2. Thomas Bull, 

3. Thomas McKean, 

4. Cornelius Coxe, 

5. Henry Miller, 



6. Robert Johnston, 

7. John Wilkins, Jr., 

8. John Boyd, 

9. David Stewart, 



James Sykes, 
1. William Hill Wells. 

Alexander C. Hanson, 

1. John E. Howard, 4. 

2. Levin Winder, 6. 

3. Thomas Lee, 6. 



John Wise, 

1. Nathaniel Wilkinson, 8. 

2. John Early, 9. 

3. William O. Callis, 10, 

4. Catesby Jones, 11, 

5. Elias Langham, 12, 

6. Daniel C. Brent, 13. 

7. John Dawson, 

Stephen Cahames, 

1. Alfred Moore, 5. 

2. John Mocon, 6. 

3. Joel Sane, 7. 

4. E. D. Spaight, 

Charles C. Pinckney, 

1. Andrew Pickens, 3. 

2. John Hunter, 4. 



Delaware. 



Maryland. 

William Smith,* 
Richard Potts, 
Samuel Hughes,* 

Virginia. 

Stephen T. Mason, 
, John Roane, Jr., 
, Moses Hunter, 
, James Murdough, 
, Archibald Stuart, 
, Michael Bailey, 

North Carolina. 

Benjamin Smith, 
John M. Binford, 
Matthew Lock, 

South Carolina. 

John Barnwell, 
Edward Eutledge, 



Eobert Coleman. 

10. James Morris, 

11. George Latimer, 

12. Eobert Hare, 

13. Hugh Lloyd. 



Gunning Bedford. 



John Seney. 

7. William Eichardson, 

8. Donaldson Yates. 



George Carrington. 

14. John Bowyer, 

15. Thomas Claiborne. 

16. Maxwell Armstrong, 

17. John Pride, 

18. Claiborne Watkins, 

19. Tarlton Woodson. . 



John L. Taylor. 

8. Peter Dange. 

9. James Taylor, 
10. William Porter. 



John Chestnut. 

5. Eobert Anderson. 

6. John Julius Pringle. 



Georgia. 
Benjamin Taliaferro, 
1. John King, 2. Seaborn Jones. 



William Gibbons. 



;( Kentucky. 

R. C. Anderson, Charles Scott. 

1. Benjamin Logan. 2. Notley Conn. 



♦Not present. 



STATISTICAL BECOBDS. 



457 



THIRD PEESIDENTIAL ELECTION— 1797. 

John Adams was elected President, receiving the entire vote of New Hampshire, 
Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, Vermont, New York, New Jersey, and Del- 
aware, with 10 scattering votes from other States, maliing 71 of the 140 votes cast. 
Thomas Jefferson was elected Vice-President, having the next highest number of 
votes, 68; while Thomas Pinkney had 58, Aaron Burr 30, Samuel Adams 15, Oliver 
Ellsworth 11, George Clinton 7, John Jay 5, James Iredell 3, Samuel Johnston 2, 
George Washington 2, John Henry 2, Charles C. Pinckney 1. The Electors were : — 



John T. Gilman, 

1. Oliver Peabody, 

2. Ebenezer Thompson, 

Elijah Dewey, 
1. Elisha Sheldon, 



William Sever, 

1. Samuel Holton, 

2. Edward H. Robbins, 

3. Elbridge Gerry, 

4. Ebenezer Mattoon, 

5. Samuel Phillips, 



Arthur Fenner, 
1. George Champlin, 



Oliver Wolcott, 

1. Jeremiah Wads worth, 

2. Heman Swift, 

3. Elizur Goodrich, 



New Hampshire. 

Timothy Farrar. 
3. Benjamin Bellows, 4. Timothy Walker. 



Vermont. 
2. Oliver Gallup. 



John Bridgman. 



Massachusetts . 

6. Increase Sumner, 

7. Thomas Dawes, 

8. David Rosseter, 

9. Nathaniel Wells, 
10. Ebenezer Hunt, 



Rhode Island. 
2. William Greene. 

Connecticut. 

4. William Hart, 

5. Ellas Perkins, 



Stephen Longfellow. 

11. Elisha May, 

12. Joseph Allen, 

13. Thomas Rice, 

14. Ebenezer Bacon. 



Samuel J. Potter. 



Jonathan Trumbull. 

6. Jesse Root, 

7. Jonathan Sturges. 



Lewis Morris, 

1. Richard Thorne, 

2. Peter Cantine, Jr. 

3. A. Ten Broeck, 

4. Abijah Hammond, 



John Neilson, 

1. Aaron Ogden, 

2. John Blackwood, 



New York. 

6. A. Van Vechten, 

6. William Root, 

7. Peter Smith, 



New Jersey. 

3. Jonathan Rhea, 

4. William Colefax, 



R. Van Rensselaer. 

8. St. John Honey wood, 

9. Charles Newkirk, 
10. Johannes Miller. 



Caleb Newbold. 

6. Elisha Lawrence. 



Thomas McKean, 

1. James Boyd, 

2. Joseph Heister, 

3. William Brown, 

4. John Piper, 

5. John Whitehill, 

Thomas Robinson, 
1. Richard Bassett. 



Pennsylvania. 

6. William Irvine, 

7. Peter Muhlenberg, 

8. Robert Coleman, 

9. Abraham Smith, 



Delaware. 



John Srailie. 

10. Samuel Miles, 

11. Jacob Morgan, 

12. William Maclay, 

13. James Hanna. 



Isaac Cooper. 



John R, Plater, 

1. Francis Deakins, 

2. John Gilpin, 

3. George Murdock, 



William Nimmo, 

1. Nathaniel Wilkinson, 

2. David Saunders, 



Maryland. 

4. John Roberts, 

5. John Lynn, 

6. John Eccleston, 

Virginia. 

3. John Taylor, 

4. Catesby Jones, 



John Archer. 

7. Gabriel Duvall, 

8. John Done. 



William Terry. 

6. Wilson C. Nicolas, 
6. D. Carroll Brent, 



458 



STATISTICAL BECOBDS, 



7. Williiun ISradison, 

8. Levin rowoll, 

9. Benjamin Temple, 

10. Moses lluntor, 

11. JosiaJi lliddick, 



James Martin, 

1. Gabi'iel Raysdale, 

2. "Jolui Oray Blout, 
8. Jolin Hamilton, 

4. Williaiu Edmuuds, 



12. Archibald Stuart, 
13'. John Mason, 

14. John Bowyer, 

15. Kobert AVulker, 



North Caiiolina. 

6. James Bradley, 

6. John Hamilton, 

7. William Martin, 



Edward Eutledge, 

1. Andrew rickeus, 

2. William Thomas, 



Jamos Jackson, 
1. Edward Teltjiir, 



South Carolina. 

8. John Chesnut, 
4. John Mathews, 

Georoia. 

3. William Barnett. 



Kentucky. 
Stev^heu Ormsby, 
1. Isaac Shelby, 2. John Coburn. 



Paniel Smith, 
1. Joseph Greer. 



Tennessee. 



16. John Brown, 

17. George Markham, 

18. Kobert Crockett, 
11). Peter Johnson. 



Eichard D. Spalght. 
8. Evan Alexander, 
0. Anthony Brown, 
10, Sterling Harwell. 



Arthur Simkins. 

5. Thomas Taylor, 

6. John Eutledge, Jr. 



Charles Abercrombie. 



Caleb Wallace. 



Hugh Neilson. 



FOUETH TEESIDENTIAL ELECTION — 1801. 

Thomas Jefferson and Aaron Bxtrr having each received 73 of the 128 electoral 

votes cast, the choice devolved upon the House of Representatives. The 73 votes com- 
prised all tVoin the States of New York, Virginia, Kentucky, Tennessee, South Caro- 
lina, and Georgia, with 8 iVom Pennsylvania, 6 tVom Maryland, and 8 from North 
Carolina. John Adams had Go votes, Chai'les C. Pinckney 04, and John Jay 1. The 
Electoi's were : — 

New Hampshire. 
Oliver Peabody, 
1. John Prentice, 8. Ebenezev Thompson, 

3. Timothy Farrar, 



BeuLiamiu Bellows. 

4. Arthur Livermore. 



Elijah Dewey, 
1. Jonathan Hunt, 



Samuel Philips, 

1. E. H. Bobbins, 

2. Saniuel Sewall, 

3. Pavid Hosseter. 

4. Thoophilus Bradbury, 
6. Ebeuezer Hunt, 



George Champlln, 
1. Edward Mautou, 



Jonathan Trumbull. 

1. John Treadwoll. 

2. Tapping Reeve, 
S. Jesse Koot, 



Isaac Ledyard, 
1. Anthoiy Lispcuai-d, 



Vermont. 
2. William Chamberlain, 
Massachusetts. 

6. John Hooker. 

7. Walter Spoouer, 

8. Joseph Allen, 

9. William Sever, 
10. S. S. Wilde, 

Rhode Island. 

2. William Greene. 

Connecticut. 

4. Matthew Griswold, 
6. Jonathan Sturges, 



New York. 

Robert Ellis, 



Eoswell Hopkins. 



Francis Dana. 

11. William Baylies, 

12. Lemuel Weeks, 
IS. Thomas Dawes, 

14. Andrew P. Fernald. 



Oliver Davis. 



Jonathan IngecsoU. 
(>. J. O. iloseley, 
7. Stephen M. Mitchell. 



Peter Van Ness. 

3. P. Van Cortlaudt, Jr., 



STATISTICAL RECORDS. 



459 



4. John Woodwortli, 

5. James Burt, 

6. J. Vau lieusselaer, 



Isaac Smith, 

1. Thomas Sinnickson, 

2. M. Williamson, Jr., 



Frederick Kuhn, 

1. James Armstrong, 

2. John Kean, 

3. George Ege, 

4. Jonas llartzell, 
6. John Ilubley, 

Kcnsey Johns, 
1. Samuel White. 

Edmund Tlowden, 

1. George Murdock, 

2. John Gilpin, 

3. Martin Kershner, 



George Wjrthe, 

1. William Newsura, 

2. Richard Brent, 

3. William 11. Cabell, 

4. William Ellzey, 

6. James Madison, Jr., 

6. John Brown, 

7. John Page. 

William Tate, 

1. Joseph Winston, 

2. William Martin, 

3. Absalom Tatom, 

4. Bryan Whitfleld, 

John Hunter, 

1. Paul Hamilton, 

2. Andrew Love, 



John Morrison, 
1. Dennis Smelt, 



John Coburn, 
1. John Pope, 



Daniel Smith, 
1. John Locke. 



7. Gilbert Livingston, 

8. Jacob Eaker, 



New Jersey. 

8. Richard Stockton, 
4. William Grilllth, 

Pennsylvania. 

6. Gabriel Ileister, 

7. William Hall, 

8. Presiy Carr Lane, 

9. Samuel W. Fisher, 

Delaware. 



0. Thomas .Tonkins, 
10. William Floyd. 



Samuel S. Smith. 

5. Joshua L. Howell. 



Samuel Wetherill. 

10. N. B. Boilcau. 

11. James Crawford, Sr., 

12. Isaac Van Horn, 

13. Robert Whituhill. 



Nathaniel Mitchell. 



Maryland. 

Francis Deakins. 
4. Perry Spencer, 7. Nicholas B. Moore, 

6. Gabriel Duvall, 8. Littleton Dennis. 

6. William M. Robertson, 



Virginia. 

8. John Preston, 

9. Thomas Newton, 

10. Hugh Holmes, 

11. Joseph Jones, 

12. Archibald Stuart, 

13. William B. Giles, 

North Carolina. 

6. Spruce Macay, 

6. Nathan Mayo, 

7. Joseph Taylor, 

South Carolina. 

3. Robert Anderson, 

4. Joseph Blyth, 

Georgia. 
2. David Blackshear. 
Kentucky. 
2. Isaac Shelby. 

Tennessee. 



Walter Jones. 

14. John Shore, 

15. Creed Taylor, 
IG. John Bowyer, 

17. Thomas Keade, Sr., 

18. Daniel Coleman, 

19. George Penu. 



Thomas Brown. 

8. Thomas Wynns, 

9. Gideon Alston, 
10. John Hamilton. 



Arthur Simkins. 

6. Theodore Gaillard, 
6. Wade Hampton. 



Henry Graybill. 



Charles Scott. 



Robert Love. 



The House of Representatives, on which devolved the choice between .Jefferson and 
Burr, voted to commence balloting on Wednesday, the eleventh day of February, to 
attend to no other business while the election was pending, and not to adjourn until a 
choice was effected. Seats were provided upon tiie floor for the President and the 
Senators, but during the act of balloting the galleries were cleared of spectators, and 
the doors were closed. Upon the flrst ballot New York, New .Jersey, Pennsylvania, 
Virginia, North Carolina, Georgia, Kentucky, and Tennessee (8), voted for Thomas 
Jefferson ; New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, Delaware, and 
South Carolina (G), voted for Aaron Burr ; and the votes of Vermont and Maryland 
(the representatives of which were divided) were given blank. The balloting was con- 
tinued, and the House remained in session, nominally without adjournment, for seven 
days, during which one hundred and four members were present. Some of them were 
60 inflrm or indisposed that it was necessary to provide beds for them, and one mem* 



460 



STATISTICAL BECOBDS. 



ber, who was quite ill, was attended by his wife. On the thirty-sixth ballot, which 
was taken on the afternoon of the seventeenth, the votes of Delaware and South Car- 
olina were given blank, while those of Vermont and Maryland were given to Mr. Jef- 
ferson, and elected him. The Vice-Presidency, of course, devolved upon Mr. Burr. 



FIFTH PEESIDENTIAL ELECTION— 1805. 



Thomas Jefferson was re-elected President, receiving 162 of the 176 votes cast. 
This comprised the entire electoral vote of all the States, except Connecticut, Dela- 
ware, and Maryland ; the two first of which threw their full vote for Charles Cotes- 
worth Pinckney, and the last gave nine votes for Mr. Jefferson and two for Mr. 
Pinckney. George Clinton was elected Vice-President by the same majority and 
vote, Eufus King receiving fourteen votes. The Electors were : — 



John Goddard, 

1. Levi Bartlet, 

2. George Aldrich, 



Josiah Wright, 

1. Samuel Shaw, 

2, "William Hunter, 

James Sullivan, 

1. Elbridge Gerry, 

2. John Whiting, 

3. James Bowdoln, 

4. John Bacon, 

5. John Hathorne, 

6. William Heath, 



Constant Taber, 
1. James Aldrich, 



New Hampshire. 

3. Timothy Walker, 

4. Jonathan Steele, 

Vermont. 
3. Ezra Butler, 

Massachusetts. 

7. Thomas Kitteridge, 

8. John Woodman, 

9. James Winthrop, 

10. Charles Turner, 

11. Edward Upham, 

12. Thomas Fillebrown 

Bhode Island. 



Eobert Alcock. 

5. William Tarlton. 



Nathaniel Niles. 
4. John Noyes. 



Timothy Newell. 

13. James Warren, 

14. John Farley, 

15. John Davis, 

16. Jonathan Smith, 

17. Josiah Deane. 



2. Benjamin Remington. 



James Helme. 



Jonathan Trumbull, 

1. John Treadwell, 4. 

2. David Smith, 5. 

3. Oliver Ellsworth, 



Sylvester Dening, 

1. James JFairlie, 

2. Thomas Brooks, 

3. Cornelius Bergen, 

4. Matthias B. Hildreth, 

5. John Herring, 

6. William Floyd, 



Connecticut. 

Asher Miller, 
David Daggett, 

New York. 



Lewis B. Sturges. 

6. Sylvester Gilbert, 

7. Joshua Huntingtor . 



Ezra Thompson, 
Jonas Earl, 
John Wood, 
Joseph EUicott, 
Conrad I. Elmendorff, 
Henry Quackinboss, 



John Cramer, 

13. Stephen Miller, 

14. Adam Comstock, 

15. Albert Pawling, 

16. Abraham Bancker, 

17. Isaac Sargent. 



Solomon Freligh, 

1. Alexander Carmichael, 

2. Moore Furman, 



Nbw Jersey. 



Charles Thompson, 

1. William Montgomery, 

2. John Bowman, 

3. Matthew Lawler, 

4. William Brown, 
6. Robert McMuUen, 
6. George Smith, 



Maxwell Bines, 
1. George Keunard. 



3. Phineas Manning, 

4. Jacob Hufty, 

Pennsylvania. 

William Brooke, 

8. Jacob Hostetter, 

9. Thomas Long, 

10. Jacob Bonnett, 

11. Francis Swaine, 

12. James Montgomery, 



Thomas Newbold. 

5. William Rossell, 

6. Abijah Smith. 



Casper Shaffher, Jr. 

13. Henry Spering, 

14. John Minor, 

15. James Boyd, 

16. John Hamilton, 

17. Peter Frailey, 

18. Nathaniel Irish*, 



Delaware. 



Thomas Fisher. 



Statistical becobds. 



461 



Maryland. 



Jolin Parnham, 

1. Joseph Wilkinson, 

2. John Gilpin, 
8. John Johnson, 



Richard Evers Lee, 



1. John Goodrich, 

2. Thomas Read, 

3. Edward Pegrara, 

4. Creed Taylor, 

5. William H. Cabell, 

6. John Taliaferro, Jr., 

7. George Peun, 

8. Richard Brent, 



Felix Walker, 

1. Peter Forney, 

2. Lemuel Sawyer, 

3. Joseph Williams, 

4. James Jones, 



John Blake, 

1. John Gaillard, 

2. Arthur Simkins, 

3. Thomas Taylor, 



Edward Telfair, 

1. David Emanuel, 

2. John Rutherford, 



Charles Scott, 

1. John Coburn, 

2. Ninian Edwards, 





Tobias E. Stansbury. 


4. William Gleaves, 


7. John Tyler, 


6. Edward Johnson, 


8. Ephraira K. Wilson, 


6. Perry Spencer, 


9. Frisby Tilghman. 


Virginia. 






Richard Field. 


9. George Wythe, 


16. Archibald Stuart, 


10. Hugh Holmes, 


17. William EUzey, 


11. John Taylor, 


18. James McFarlane, 


12. James Dailey, 


19. William Dudley, 


13. Larkiu Smith, 


20. John Preston, 


14. James Allen, 


21. Mann Page, 


15. John Minor, 


22. William McKinley. 



North Carolina. 

6. Montford Stokes, 

6. Reading Blount, 

7. Solomon Graves, 

8. Bryau Whitfield, 

South Carolina. 

4. William Hill, 
6. Joseph Blythe, 
6. James Miles, 

Georgia. 

3. Henry Graybill, 

Kentucky. 

3. Hubbard Taylor, 

4. Joseph Lewis, 



Tennessee. 
David Deaderich, 
1. Richard Mitchell, 2. George Ridley, 



William Goforth, 
1. Nathaniel Massie. 



Ohio. 



Robert Cochran. 

9. Joseph Taylor, 

10. Samuel Ashe, Sr., 

11. Joseph John Alston, 

12. Gideon Alston. 



Samuel Warren. 

7. Joseph Calhoun, 

8. John Taylor. 



James B. Maxwell. 

4. David Cresswell. 



Isaac Shelby. 

6. William Irvine, 
6. William Roberts. 



William Martin. 

3. Robert Houston. 



James Pritchard. 



SIXTH PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION— 1809. 

James Madison was elected President, having received the entire electoral vote of 
Vermont, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Georgia, Tennessee, Kentucky, and Ohio, 
and 13 of tlie 19 votes of New York, 9 of the 11 of Maryland, and 11 of the 14 of North 
Carolina ; in all 122 of the 175 votes cast ; George Clinton received 6 votes of New York, 
and the balance (47) were given to Charles Cotesworth Pinckney. George Clinton 
■was elected Vice-President, receiving 113 votes, while Rufus King had 47, James Mad- 
ison 3, and James Monroe 3. The Electors were : — 



Jeremiah Smith, 

1. Oliver Peabody, 

2. Benjamin West, 



Israel Smith, 

1. Jonas Galusha, 

2. James Tarbox, 



New Hampshire. 

3. Samuel Hale, 

4. Jonathan Franklin, 

Vermont. 
3. John White, 



Timothy Farrar. 

5. Robert Wallace. 



Samuel Shepardson, 
4. William Cahoon. 



462 



STATISTICAL BECOBDS. 



Caleb Strong, 

1. Francis Dana, 

2. Ebenezer Warren, 

3. John Brooks, 

4. Samuel Tobey, 
6. Moses Brown, 
6. Joshua Thomas, 



Thomas P. Ives, 
C. Fowler, 



Massachusetts. 

7. William Bartlett, 

8. Lemuel Williams, 

9. Ebenezer Bridge, 

10. Andrew Fernald, 

11. Benjamin Heywood, 

12. Samuel Freeman, 

Rhode Island. 
2. Thomas Noyes. 



Connecticut. 
Jonathan Trumbull, 

1. John Treadwell, 4. Jesse Root, 

2. Stephen T. Hosmer, 6. Roger Griswold, 

3. David Daggett, 



Ambrose Spencer, 

1. Henry Huntington, 

2. Benjamin Mooers, 

3. John W. Seaman, 

4. Adam B, Vroman, 

5. Henry Rutgers, 

6. Thomas Shankland, 



James Mott, 

1. James Morgan, 

2. Thomas Hendry, 



Charles Thomson, 

1. Thomas Leiper, 

2. James Cowden, 

3. Michael Leib, 

4. William Wilson, 

5. Joseph Engle, 

6. Robert Griffen, 



James Booth, 
1. Nicholas Ridgely. 



John R. Plater, 

1. Robert Bowie, 

2. Thomas W, Veazey, 

3. Edward Johnson, 



New York. 

7. John Garretson, 

8. William Hallock, 

9. Ebenezer White, 

10. Russell Atwater, 

11. Thomas Lawrence, 

12. Joseph Simonds, 

New Jersey. 

3. Amos Harrison, 

4. George Burgin, 

Pennsylvania. 

7. William Rodman, 

8. Jacob Hostetter, 

9. Archibald Darrah, 

10. David Fullerton, 

11. Jacob Weygandt, 

12. Peter Kenimell, 

Delaware. 



Maryland. 

4. Richard Tilghman, 

5. John Johnson, 

6. Earl Perry Spencer, 



Daniel Dewey. 

13. Josiah Stearns, 

14. SamtJel S. Wilde, 

15. John Hooker, 

16. Jeremiah Bailey, 

17. John Barrett. 



James Rhodes. 



John Cotton Smith. 

6. Frekerick Wolcott, 

7. Samuel W. Johnson. 



Henry Yates, Jr. 

13. James Tallraage, 

14. Hugh Jamison, 

15. Jonathan Rouse, 

16. Matthew Carpenter, 

17. Micajah Petit. 



Benjamin Egbert. 

5. David Welch, 

6. Abijah Smith. 



Adamson Tannehill. 

13. Joseph Lefevre, 

14. Joseph Huston, 

15. Gabriel Heister, Jr., 

16. William Montgomery, 

17. George Hartman, 

18. John^McDowell. 



Daniel Rodney. 



Tobias E. Stansbury. 

7. John Tyler, 

8. Henry James Carroll, 

9. Nathaniel Rochester. 





, 


ViRGmiA. 




Joseph Goodwin, 


Sr., 


1. 


Edward Pegram, Sr., 


9. Hugh Nelson, 


2. 


Robert Nelson, 


10. Hugh Holmes, 


3. 


Richard Field, 


11. George Penn, 


4. 


Mann Page, 


12. Osborn Sprigg, 


5. 


Thomas Read, 


13. Philip N. Nicholas, 


6. 


Richard Barnes, 


14. James Allen, 


7. 


Joseph Eggleston, 


15. Spencer Roane, 


8. 


John T. Brooks, 

Francis Locke, 


North Carolina 


1. 


Thomas Wynns, 


5. Murdock McKenzie, 


2. 


Kemp Plummet, 


6. Peter Forney, 


3. 


Samuel Ashe, Sr., 


7. Robert Love, 


4. 


Joseph Taylor, 


8. James Rainey, 



Benjamin Harrison. 

16. Archibald Stuart, 

17. John Roane, 

18. Andrew Russell, 

19. Robert Taylor, 

20. John Preston, 

21. Gnstavus B. Horner, 

22. William McKiuley. 



Robert Cleveland. 

9. John Winslow, 

10. Joseph Riddick 

11. William Gaston 

12. Henry I. Toole. 



STATISTICAL BECOBDS. 



463 



Joseph Gist, 

1. John Wilson, 

2. Liingdon Cheves, 

3. John McMonies, 



John Rutherford, 

1. John Twiggs, 

2. Christopher Clark, 



Samuel Hopkins, 

1. "William Logan, 

2. Robert Trimble, 



James Robertson, 
1. William Martin, 

Nathaniel Massie, 
1. Stephen Wood. 



South Carolina. 

4. Paul Hamilton, 

5. William Strother, 

6. Samuel Mays, 

Georgia. 
3. Henry Graybill, 

Kentucky, 

3. Matthew Walton, 

4. Hubbard Taylor, 

Tennessee. 
2. James Sevier, 
Ohio. 



Joseph Bellinger. 

7. William- Zimmerman, 

8. William Rouse. 



David Meriwether. 

4. James E. Houston. 



Charles Scott. 

5. Robert Ewing, 

6. Christopher Greenup. 



Joseph Greer. 

3. Baldwin Hale. 



Thomas McCune. 



SEVENTH PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION— 1813. 

James Madison was re-elected President, having received the entire electoral vote 
of Vermont, Pennsylvania, Virginia, North and South Carolina, Georgia, Kentucky, 
Tennessee, Ohio, and Louisiana, and six of the eleven votes of Maryland, — in all 128 
of the 217 votes cast ; the balance (89) were given for De Witt Clinton, of New York, 
Elbridge Gerry was elected Vice-President, receiving 131 votes ; while Jared Inger- 
soli had 86. The Electors were :— 



John Goddard, 



New Hampshirb. 



1. 


Oliver Peabody, 


3. 


Samuel Hale, 


2. 


Benjamin West, 


4. 


Caleb Ellis, 

Vermont. 




Nathaniel Niles, 






1. 


Noah Chittenden, 


3. 


William Slade, 


2. 


William A. Griswold, 
William Heath, 


4. 


Elihu Luce, 

Massachusetts. 


1. 


Harrison G. Otis, 


8. 


Nathaniel Goodwin, 


2. 


Joshua Thomas, 


9. 


John Walker, 


3. 


Nathan Dane, 


10. 


Samuel Parris, 


4. 


David Scudder, 


11. 


George Bliss, 


5. 


Jeremiah Nelson, 


12. 


Abiel Wood, 


6. 


Lathrop Lewis, 


13. 


Benjamin Hey wood, 


7. 


Abraham Bigelow, 


14. 


Lemuel Paine. 



Timothy Farrar, 

5. Nathan Taylor, 

6. Jonathan Franklin. 



Josiah Wright. 

5. John H. Andrus, 

6. Mark Richards. 



John W. Hurlburt. 

15. Eleazer James, 

16. James McClellan, 

17. E. Williams, 

18. WUliara Crosby, 

19. Isaac Maltby, 

20. Israel Thorndike. 



Rhode Island. 
Christopher Fowler, ' William Rhodes. 

1. Samuel G. Arnold, 2. Ephraim Bowen. 



Nathaniel Terry, 

1. Theodore Dwight, 

2. James Gould, 

3. David Daggett, 

Joseph C. Yates, 

1. Simeon De Witt, 

2. Robert Jenkins, 

3. Archibald Mclntyre, 

4. M. S. Van Dercook, 

5. John C. Hodgeboom, 

6. George Palmer, Jr., 



Connecticut. 

4. Stephen T. Hosmer, 
6. Calvin Goddard. 



Daniel Putnam. 

6. Jonathan Barnes, 

7. S. B. Sherwood. 





New York. 


David Van Ness. 


7. 


G. S. Mumford, 


13. John Chandler, 


8. 


James Hill, 


14. Thomas H. Hubbard, 


9. 


J. Delamontagnie, 


15. Henry Huntington, 


10. 


William Kirby, 


16. John Russell, 


11. 


P. Van Cortlandt, 


17. John Woodworth, 


12. 


Henry Frey, 


18. James S. Kipp, 



464 



STATISTICAL JtECOliDS. 



19. Pavld l^o\\1. 
'20. .lotham .layuic, 
14. Coruelius iJergen, 



^ratthow WhlUieu, 
1. William B. Ewhi^j-, 
1'. Ellas Couovor, 



22. Jonathan Stauloj', Jr. 
28. Joseph IVrino, 
l?4. William Buruct^ 



Chauncoy Bolknap, 
(.looviio kostocrautz, 
John'Dill. 



Kinv Jfjijsey. 

William Giimtli. 
8. Franklin Davenport, 5. Jacob Loser, 

4. Andrew Howell, 6. William McGill. 



rKNNSYLVANlA. 



Walter Franklin, 

1. Pauiel Mitchell, 

2. l^avid Fullcrton, 
S. Taul Cox. 

4. Sannui tjniyth, 

5. Isaac Worrell, 
(>. Kobert Smith, 

7. Michael Baker. 

8. Nathaniel Mickler, 



James L. Clayton, 
1. Benjamin Blaklstou, 



9. Joseph Ensrle. 

10. Chas. Shoemaker, Jr., 

11. James Fnlton, 

12. .lamcvs aiitchell, 

13. Isaiah Davis, 
li, John Mnrray. 
15. John AVhiteiiill, 
IG. Clement Faiue, 



Hugh Glasgow. 

17. Edward Crouch, 

18. Joseph Keed, 
15). Henry Allshouse, 

Alexander Dysart, 
James Stephenson, 
David JMead, 
Abia Minor. 



20. 
21. 
22. 
23*. 



DelaW-vrk. 
2. Thomas Fisher. 



Maeylaxd. 
Henry H. Chapman, 

1. Edward H. Calvert. i. Thomas Worrell, 

2. Thomas W. Veazey, 5. John Siephen, 
S. Edward Johnson, 0. Edward Lloyd, 



James Sykes. 



Tobias E. Stansbnry. 

7. Henry Williams, 

8. Littleton Dennis, 

9. Daniel Keutch. 



Eichanl Henry Lee, 

1. Ben^iamin Harrison, 

2. Kobert sSelson, 

3. Edward Fegram, 
i. ]Mann Tage, 

5. Eicliard Field, 
0. Walter Jones, 

7. Thomas Head, 

8. John T. Brooke, 



ViKGINlA. 



9. Matthew Cheatham, 

10. Hugh Holmes, 

11. William Armistead, 

12. Daniel ^lorgau, 
18. Charles Yancey, 

14. Archibald Kutherford, 

15. George Penn, 

16. Archibald Stuart, 



Gustavus B. Horner. 



17. W. G. Foindexter, 
IS. Andrew Ivussell, 

19. Spencer Koane, 

20. Charles Taylor, 

21. Sthreshlv Keuuolds, 

22. W. McKinley, 

23. liobort Taylor. 



William H. Murfree, 

1. Kedar Ballard, 6. 

2. James Kaiuey, 7. 
S. James Bright, 8. 

4. Francis Locke, 9. 

5. Thomas D. King, 



James Campbell, 

1. John Johnson, 

2. John McCreary, 
8. Andrew Pickens, 



Daniel Stewart, 

1. Henry Graybill, 

2. Oliver Forter, 

Eobert Ewing, 

1. William Casey, 

2. Eobert Mosby, 

3. Samuel -MurreU, 

4. Hubbard Taylor, 

E. K. Dulany, 

1. Henry Bradford. 

2. ThoLias Wiishiugton, 



North Carolina. 

Montford Stokes, 
James W. Clarke, 
Joseph Uniston, 
H. G. Burton, 

South Carolina. 

William Smith, 
William Caldwell, 
William Alston, 

Georgia. 



James Mebane. 

10. Jonathan Hampton, 

11. Thomas Davis, 

12. Henry ISIassey, 

13. Kemp riummer. 



Eeuben Starke. 

7. Samuel Johnson, 

8. Eichard Singleton, 

9. Sampson Butler. 



3. Charles Harris, 

4. Henry Mitchell, 

Kentucky. 

6. Samuel Caldwell, 
0. Duval Payne, 

7. Eichard Taylor, 

Tkxnessek. 

3. James Trimble, 

4. David McEwen, 



John Twiggs. 

6. Johu Rutherford, 
G. John Howaixi. 



William Irvine. 

8. Walter Bayloi*, 

9. William Logau, 
10. T. D. Owiugs. 



William Trigg. 

6. James McCampbell, 
G. Thomas Johnson. 



STATISTICAL BECORDS. 



465 



John Jones, 

1. Matthias Corwin, 

2. D. Abbot (not present), 



Julicn Poydras, 
1. Philemon Thomas. 



Ohio. 

3. David Purviance, 

4. Thomas Ijams, 

Louisiana. 



James Prichard. 

5. James Dunlap, 

6. John Ilumm. 



Stephen A. Hopkins. 



EIGHTH PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION-1817. 

James Munrob was elected President, having received the entire electoral vote of 
every State except Massachusetts, Connecticut and Delaware,— in all 183 of the 217 
votes cast; the remaining 34 being given for Rufus King. Danikl D. Tompkins was 
elected Vice-President, receiving 183 votes; while John E. Howard had 22 votes, 
James Ross 5, John Marshall 4, and Robert G. Harper 3. The Electors were : — 



Thomas Manning, 

1. Benjamin Butler, 

2. Jacob Tuttle, 



J. Robinson, 

1. ApoUos Austin, 

2. Asaph Fletcher, 



Christopher Gore, 

1. Prentiss Mellen, 

2. Jonas Kendall, 

3. Israel Thorndike, 

4. E. H. Robbins, 

5. Benj. Pickman, Jr., 

6. John Low, 

7. David A. White, 



James Fenner, 
1. Thomas Pitman, 



New Hampshire. 

3. William Badger, 

4. Thomas C. Drew, 



Vermont. 

3. Robert Holly, 

4. John H. Cotton, 

Massachusetts. 

8. S. Longfellow, Jr., 

9. Joseph Locke. 

10. William Abbot, 

11. Thomas D wight, 

12. Timothy Boutelle, 

13. Peter Bryant, 

14. Luther Carey, 

Rhode Island. 
2. Dutee Arnold. 



Jonathan IngersoU, 
1. Nathaniel Terry, 
8. Elisha Sterling, 
8. Seth P. Staples, 



Henry Rutgers, 

1. Lemuel Chipman, 

2. Artemas Aldrich, 
8. John W. Seaman, 

4. Henry Becker, 

5. Jacob Drake, 

6. Aaron Searing, 

7. James Farlie, 

8. Israel W. Clark, 

9. Augustus Wright, 



Lewis Moore, 

1. Aaron Kitchell, 

2. Daniel Garrison, 



Paul Cox, 

1. David Mitchell, 

2. James Wilson, 

3. John Geyer, 

4. Gabriel Heister, 

30 



Connecticut. 

4. Elijah Hubbard, 
6. Jirah Isham, 



New York. 

10. Daniel Root, 

11. P. S. Van Orden, 

12. Montgomery Hull, 

13. J. W. Van Wyck, 

14. Nicoll Fosdick, 

15. J. D. Monell, 

16. E. Edmonds, 

17. John Blake, Jr., 

18. George Petit, 

New Jersey. 

3. David Welsh, 

4. William Rossell, 

Pennsylvania. 

6. Daniel Bussier, 

6. James Meloy, 

7. John Conrad, 

8. James Banks, 



Richard H. Ayer. 

5. Amos Cogswell, 

6. Dan Young. 



James Roberts. 

5. William Brayton, 

6. Isaiah Fisk. 



Bezabeel Taft. 

15. Daniel Howard, 

16. William Phillips, 

17. Wendell Davis, 

18. Josiah Stebbins, 

19. Seth Washburne, 

20. Thomas H. Perkins. 



Edward Wilcox. 



William Perkins. 

6. Asa Wiley, 

7. S. W. Johnson. 



Alexander McNish. 

19. Jacob Wertz, 

20. Richard Townley, 

21. Gabriel North, 

22. Samuel Lawrence, 

23. Charles E. Dudley, 

24. Nathaniel Rochester, 

25. Benjamin Smith, 

26. Worthy L. Churchel, 

27. Samuel Lewis. 



Charles Ogden. 

5. Johu Crowell, 

6. Robert McNeeley. 



M. Fackenthal. 

9. William Brooke, 

10. Robert Clark, 

11. Isaac Anderson, 

12. Abiel Fellows, 



466 



<S i'A 



•i:. 






3vX Ss^uuiol 8ovUt, 



SI, ^\%hu Ut^ 

S8, \Yilluuui.aiUUuul, 






3, WtUUw e. MHWr. 
8k Kvtvv«J\l J^^U340\v. 



3, lUvtfh *U>U«v\s 



3. JI^>U« UaIU 

5^ J?)WrtW<%Ju,vj»<'J»» 



3, Thv>uVs^?i Kv5A«s<x 



5. Jv»hu riiuk. 



3, AV— •■- ' 

8. K 

4- a:. V .. ,.^. 

3s Ms jJAvViAiKxtt^Att, 



Is AlWKW Whether. 
3* Otlw*?H*^'*><ff. 



Is Jv!«ij*g^ R^«lKav>tU<fWs 



10s ehi*rU\«i IXvlor, 

18. 5*^h^\^^^v Kt^YuoUls. 
14. \VUU*u\ Awl\t>i^. 

K VVR 1 »l CaRv^I ISA. 






8, Jsiiv^l IrwUi, 

*s Tho-nxA* Bo^lts-y. 
«Js S^TO««>1 C5*Klw*H. 
T. WiUte As te<H 

^ l\*vlvl C*«»ixWlVs 

Owvx 
^, IVuV^Muiu ll»u$N 



Attilww Barmtt, 



G«^«^ Warner, 

T, John l^viohtuuHU, 
ji. laiUotvMV IVuuln, 



Jv>hi\ T. Bro<vk<>. 

17. l5ti>,Ho Fvvsh>r. 
l^s \Yu\. Uivkoubwii^h. 
li>. Ur;»jvuv W. IXwvr, 
30, IVHUiol Mvnxstvl, 
.31. \Yimj»«\ Jvuu\<, 
33, Jvxhu Kaio. 
38, WtlUiiuv l.eo tt*U» 



Kijith«niel Jatt«»ss, 

10, Vlu«^ AU<^n. 

11. Jvv^fxh l^^kott, 
13, 'rhvM««s,< l>. Klii^, 
IS, ThomsH* KutHu. 



jAme$ l>\1lt 

T, Jvxhu Thott>»». 






Kiclvi»r\l IXvlor, 

9. WUUam lrvUi<s 
10. RolxjW Kvvluf. 

Kob^art A«w>, 

(5k Jswwc* li»xii*r. 



J, \VUU»m Skh»«or. 
(J, Jsntti^esss Cxirry. 



TttMttJjk$ U, Bla)»^ 






XHMnSttHil^ 



S%iiAi«Ii«»> 



8TATISTI0AL JIEOORDS. 



467 



NINTH PRESIDENTIAL KLICCTION-lfiSI. 

.Tamkh MoNiroK was ro-olru'-UMl I'r<!,slrl(!ii(,, receiving; tlio ciitiri; oI(!C(,')r;tl vot<! of <;V(!ry 
St,iil.(! (22H) (;xc,i!|»l, Ntivv lljiiiipsliln!, of vvliicli oik; voUj was Mirowii (or ,Jolin Qnliuiy 
AdiuiiH. Daniiw, I). ToMi'KiNH wiiM clcr'Uid Vlce-i.'r(;,sI(U:iit, rccoiviii;^ 215 voLi's; whi'i! 
IMc.liaid Sl.ocUl.oii iiail 8 votcH, Daniel lloUiiey 4, Robert (>. Harper 1, and Ulcliurd Uiifili 
I. Till! l<;i<!cl,or,s were : — 



VVilliani I'lurncr, 

1. David JJarker, 

2. Nathaniel Sliannon, 



Nicw Hami'HUIuk. 

8. WiUiajn Fl8k, 
4. Ezra liartlett, 



John Pondexter. 

5. .Samuel Dlnsnioor, 
fi. James Kmitli. 



JarncH GalUHha, 

1. Gilbert DenlHon, 

2. Daniel A. A. Buck, 



ViCriMONT. 



8. Pliny Smith, 
4. Ezra Butler, 



William Slade, Jr. 
5. Aaron Leland, 
0. Timothy Stanley. 



John Adams, 

1. William I'Idilips, 

2. Tliomas II. lilood, 
8. William (;ray, 

4. Jonas Sibley, 
6. Duulul WebHter, 



Mahsaciiusktts. 

6. Ezra Starltweathcr, 

7. B. W. (/'rowninshleld, 

8. Wendell Davis, 
y. John Heard, 



Seth Sprague. 

10. John Davis, 

11. Samuel Dana, 

12. Josepli Woodbridge, 

13. Ebenczer Mattoon. 



James Fcnner, 
1. Dutee J. Pearce, 



Henry Seymour, 

1. Samuel Welle.s, 

2. William Cogswell, 
8. William Mosely, 



William Floyd, 

1. Henry Rutjr/irs, 

2. John Walwortli, 
8. Ab(!l Iluiitiuj^ton, 

4. Daniel McDoutjall, 

5. Edward Severieli, 
0. Seth W(!tmon!, 

7. Isaac Lawrence, 

8. Latham A. Burrows, 
!). John Targee, 



David Mills, 

1. John Wilson, 

2. Josei)h Budd, 



Tliomas Lclper, 

1. Paul (^ox, 

2. William Clingan, 

3. Daniel (i roves, 

4. Georpje (larnitz, 

5. Ciiaiuller Trice, 
G. James (iridin, 

7. Pierce Crosby, 

8. John Miley, 



Peter Robinson, 
1. John Clark, 



Rhodr Island. 

2. Duteo Arnold. 

Connecticut. 

4. John Alsop, 

6. Ebeiiezer Brockway, 



Nkw York. 

10. Fcrrand Stranahan, 

11. Jacob Udell, 

12. Heru-y Wager, 
18. P(!t(!r Waring, 

14. Klislia Ilaniliam, 

15. Edw.'ird T. Livingston, 
10. .Jonathan Goliins, 

17. Peter Millikin, 

18. Samuel Nelson, 

New Jersey. 

8. John Crowell, 
4. Isaiah Shinn, 

Pennsylvania. 

9. Andrew Gllkcrson, 

10. George Plumer, 

11. John Hamilton, 

12. George Hebb, 
18. James Kerr, 

14. Andrew Sutton, 

15. William Mitchell, 

16. Joseph Huston, 

Delaware. 
2. Andrew Barratt. 



Robert F. Noycs. 



Isaiah Loomis. 

(). S. W. Crawford, 
7. Samuel H. Phillips. 



John Baker. 

1!). David Hammond, 

20. Wm. B. Rochester, 

21. Mark Spencer, 

22. (Jharles Thompson, 
28. Benjamin Knower, 

24. I'liil'oXas Swift, 

25. (iillxtrt Kddy, 
20. Jam(!s Brisban, 
27. Howell Gardner. 



Samuel L. Southard. 

5. Aaron Vansyckel, 

6. John L. Smith. 



James P. Sanderson. 

17. D. W. Dingman, 

18. Hugli Davis, 
ID. Gabriel i leister, 

20. Patrick Fareily, 

21. John Todd, 

22. Melclils Rahm (de- 

ceased), 

23. Philip Benner. 



Nicholas Ridgely. 



-468 



STATISTTCAL JiECOliDS. 



.l:\int's Fonvst, 
I. HohiMt \V. Uowlo, 
'J. .Jolm Forward, 
l\. .K>l\n Slophen, 



Willhun i\ llolt., 

1. (""harlos H. (.ravos. 

2. Hohorl vShioMs. 
3> .lolu) rciiram, 
4. Wllliimi .louof), 
6. K. n. Simk. 

6. .li>l>n I'.iliatVrro, 

7. .lolii\ rurnaU. 
vS. .lulm T. Brook, 



liobevt. Love, 
1. .Tosso Fratiklln. 

3. John Hail. 

8, Miohaol Mvl.oarv, 

4. Uooruo Outlaw. 
8. l'"nu»ois l.ooko. 

U(Mi.ianvin .laino; 

1. I.. M. A.vor. 

2. Isaac Smiih. 

3. John S. Glascock, 



Oliver Vorlcr. 
1, Uonrv Mitchell. 
a. John Kuthorfoai, 



Sannid Mnnvl. 
1. B. M. Ewins:. 

a. AvniN A. 1. 00. 

8. S. OalvlwoU. 

i. »lan\cs .lohnson. 

A. M. (. artor. 
1. J. Uanultou. Sr., 

9. Ckn-man I. est or. 

• 

WUliam Shai\iiou, 
1. WUUam Chvls^\ 

Wniian\ "MovHl^v. 
1. Joshna NVinuaio. Jr., 
3, joshna Otigts 
8. KUsha AUon. 

,1crcn\iah Morrv>\ir, 
1. Wmtani U. Harrison. 
a. JaiiKJS Kllbourno, 



Nathaniel Kwln^, 

1. l^AUt^l J, OiU-iWCll. 

.Tames U M.v^ro, 
I. Mldiae: Joiu-s. 

I. H«nry Minor. 

l» ThcvHioiv S.... X. 



Makylanp. 

A. William li. Stuart, 

6. A. Mclviin, 
C. John Uoou, 

ViuaiNiA. 

5). «. T. Arthur, 

10. lliiiih llolinos, 

11. William C. Kivos. 
VJ. W. Armstronj:, Jr., 
i;». Oliarles Vanccy. 

11. AreldbaUl Kiitlierford, 
!.■>. Ji>seph Martin, 
U>. Archibiild Stuart, 

NoHTH Carouna. 

t>. C K. .Toinison. 

7. .UMaham Thilips, 

8. .Lewis 1). Wilson, 
t). Aloxtmder Gray, 

Sotnii Cakouna. 

4. John Puuinant. 

r>. Matthew J. Ivirth, 
0. lva."<ha Cannon. 

OkouiUa. 

J>. John Mcintosh. 
A. John Foster, 

Krxtuoky. 

ft. John K. Klnsj, 
(>. Jesse lUodsoo, 
7. John IVtpe. 

Tkxxrssrr. 

5. l^avld Campbell, 
A. Henry Sm.ill, 

Mi^isona. 



Maxxk. 

4. ,TvV!i.<|» Prescott, 
8. WilUaiu ChsMiwlck, 

Ohio. 

8. Alex»n<3er Campbell. 
4. John McUnu^hliu. 

IxniJCSA. 



At..vnAM.i. 

Mis-sissim. 



Ellas Bi"own. 

7. William Gabby, 

8. Joshua Friileaux. 
». Michael C. Sprigg. 



Thomas Bi*own. 

17. W. Ureckcnbrougli, 
Iv'^. Andrew Kussell. 
li). Armistead Iloomcs, 
'JO. Sanniel Hlackburu, 
•Jl. James Hunter, 
•2-2. John Kdie. 
'2i. Kobert Taylor. 



KiubortmgU Jones. 

10. H. J. G. Rnffln. 

11. U. H. Covinsilou, 

12. Thomas Kenau, 

13. Jaiues Mebaue. 



Koi\.jamln Kynalds. 

7. InMiiainin l")icksou, 

8. Wiliiam A. Uall. 

9. Charles ilillor. 

John Grswos. 

r>. David Merhvothor, 
6. Boiyamin Whlt:iker. 



Martin D. Uanlln. 

8. Thom.as Bodley, 

V>. Kichanl Taylor. 

10. Hubbaitl Taylor. 



John Pickson. 

6. John J. White. 



John S. Brickey. 



Lemuel Troscott. 

t>. Levi Hubb.ini. 
7. Samuel Tucker. 



James CaldwoU. 

i>. Kobon Lucas, 
t>. Lewis DiUe. 



Jtthn H. Thompson. 

A. F. Hubb.ir\i. 
G<^oriro rhilUi^s. 
l>iuilol Buruet. 



STATISTICAL BEC0BD8. 



469 



Philemon Thomas, 
Daniel L. Todd. 



Louisiana. 



John R. Gryraes. 



TENTH PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION— 1825. 



John Quincy Adams, Andrew Jackson, William II. Crawford, iind Henry Clay were 
candidates, and the Electoral CoUcfjc not giving either of them the requisite majority 
(132 votes), the choice a^ain devolved upon the House of Representatives, when Mu. 
Adams was elected. Andrew Jackson received the entire electoral vot(f of New Jersey, 
Pennsylvania, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Indiana, Mississippi, and 
Alabama, 1 of the 36 votes of New York, 7 of the 11 votes of Maryland, ;{ of the 5 votes 
of Louisiana, and 1 of the 3 votes of Illinois. John Quincy Adams received the entire 
vote of Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Mnssachuscitts, Rhode Island, and Connect- 
icut, and 26 of the 36 votes of New York, 1 of the 3 votes of l)(!la\vare, 3 of the 1 1 votes 
of Maryland, 2 of the 5 votes of Louisiana, and one of the 3 votes of Illinois. William 
H. Crawford received the entire vote of Virginia and of Georgia, and 5 of tiie 30 votes 
of New York, 2 of the 3 votes of Delaware, and 1 of the 11 votes of Maryland. Henry 
Clay received the entire vote of Kentucky, Ohio, and Missouri, and 4 of the 3G votes 
of New York. .John C. Cauioun was elected Vice-President, receiving 182 votes; 
while Nathan Sanford had 30 votes, Nathaniel Macon 24, Andrew Jacksou 13, Martin 
Van Buren 9, and Henry Clay 2. The Electors were : — 



Josiah Bartlett, 

1. William Badger, 

2. Caleb Relth, 



William Gray, 

1. Levi Lincoln, 

2. Enos Foot, 

3. T. L. Wlnthrop, 

4. William Walker, 
6. N. Silsbee, 



New Hampsiurb. 

8. Samuel Quarles, 
4. Moses White, 

Massachusetts. 

6. John Endlcot, 

7. Joseph Klttredge, 

8. Thomas Weston, 

9. Augustus Tower, 



Rhode Island. 



Abel Parker. 

6. William Flsk, 
6. Hall Burgln. 



Oliver Smith. 

10. Cornelius Grinnell, 

11. Jonathan Davis, 

12. llezekiah Barnard, 

13. Ednmnd Gushing. 



Caleb Earle, 






Elisha Watson. 


1. Stephen B. Cornell, 


2. 


Charles Eldridge. 
Connecticut. 




Calvin Willey, 






David Keys. 


1. Oliver Wolcott, 


3. 


Rufus Hitchcock, 


6. David Hill, 


2. John Swathel, 


4. 


Lemuel White, 
Vermont. 


6. Moses Warren. 


Jonas Galusha, 






John Mason. 


1. Titus Hutchinson, 


3. 


Joseph Burr, 


6. Jabez Proctor. 


2. Dan Carpenter, 


4. 


Asa Aldls, 

New York. 




Nathan Thompson. 


» 




William Townsend. 


1. Darius Bentley, 


13. 


Marinus Wlllett, 


24. Clark Crandall, 


2. Thomas Lawyer, 


14. 


Phineas Coon, 


25. Isaac Sutherland, 


3. Mlcah Brooks, 


15. 


Ebenezer Sage, 


26. I. Sutherland, 


4. E. B. Crandale, 


16. 


Azariah Smith, 


27. William Walsh, 


6. Pierre A. Barker, 


17. 


Richard Blanvelt, 


28. J. Lansing, Jr., 


6. Samuel Hicks, 


18. 


Eleazer Burnham, 


29. Alexander J. Coffin, 


7. Joseph Sibley, 


19. 


Abraham Stagg, 


30. Benjamin Bailey, 


8. Edward Savage, 


20. 


Solomon St. John, 


31. Benjamin Smith, 


9. Tiiflothy H. Porter, 


21. 


John Drake, 


32. Samuel Smith, 


10. Benjamin Mooers, 


22. 


Ellsha B. Strong, 


83. Ellsha Dorr, 


11. Samuel Russell, 


23. 


James Drake, 


34. Ileman Cady. 


12. Chester Patterson, 




New Jersey. 




Peter Wilson, 






John Buck. 


1. Daniel Vllet, 


3. 


Jacob Cline, 


5. Joseph Kille, 


2. James Cook, 


4. 


James Parker, 


6. J. W. Scott. 



470 



STATISTICAL BE00BD8. 



PENNSYIiVAIOA. 





Thomas Leiper, 






William Beatty. 


1. 


Cromwell Pearce, 


10. 


Abraham Addams, 


19. Adam King, 


2. 


Valentine Giesey, 


11. 


Joseph Engle, 


20. Philip Benner, 


3. 


Philip Peltz, 


12. 


Isaac Smith, 


21. John Rush, 


4. 


John Eeed, 


13. 


John Pugh, 


22. Henry Scheetz, 


5. 


A. McCaraher, 


14. 


William Thomson, 


23. Peter Adams, 


6. 


James Duncan, 


15. 


Adam Kitscher, 


24. Adam Light, 


7. 


Daniel Sheffer, 


16. 


Asa Mann, 


25. James Ankrim, 


8. 


John Boyd, 


17. 


Charles Kenny, 


26. James Murray. 


9. 


Daniel Kaul, 

John Caldwell, 


18. 


John Fogel, 

Drt-awakb. 


Isaac Tunnell. 


1. 


Joseph G. Kowland. 




Maeyland. 





Henry Brawner, 

1. John C. Herbert, 

2. Thomas Hope, 

3. George Winchester, 



William C. Holt. 

1. Charles H. Graves, 

2. Ellison Currie, 

3. John Cargill, 

4. Eobert Taylor, 

5. W. H. Brodnax, 

6. Isaac Poster, 

7. Joseph Wyatt, 

8. Daniel Morgan, 



Montfort Stokes, 

1. Robert Love, 

2. William A. Blount, 

3. Peter Forney, 

4. William B. Lockhart, 
fi. Vine Allen, 

Robert Clendinen, 

1. John K. Griffen, 

2. William Garrett, 

3. Angus Patterson, 



Ellas Beall, 

1. Thomas Cumming, 

2. John Mcintosh, 

3. John Floyd, 

J. R. Underwood, 

1. John E. King, 

2. Joseph Allen, 

3. Alney McLean, 

4. W. Moore, 



4. Samuel G. Osborn, 

5. Dennis Claude, 

6. James Sangston, 



William Brown. 

7. William Tyler, 

8. Littleton Dennis, 

9. Thomas Post. 



Virginia. 



9. James Jones, 

10. William Armstrong, 

11. Charles Yancey, 

12. Archibald Rutherford, 

13. Joseph Martin, 

14. John Bovvyer, 

15. Thomas M. Randolph, 



Robert Shield, 

16. James Hoge, 

17. W. Brockenbrough, 

18. Andrew Russell, 

19. John T. Somax, 

20. Joseph H. Samuels, 

21. William Jones, 

22. William Marteny. 



NoKTH Carolina. 

■6. Edward B. Dudley, 

7. James Mebane, 

8. A. H. Shepperd, 

9. John Giles, 



William Martin. 

10. Walter J. Leake, 

11. William Drew, 

12. John M. Morehead, 

13. Josiah Crudup. 



South Carolina. 

Evan Benbow, 

4. Eldrid Simkins, 7. M. J. Keith, 

5. Joseph W. Alston, 8. Thomas Benson, 

6. William C. Pinckney, 9. William Laval. 



Georgia. 

4. John Rutherford, 

5. John Harden, 

Kentucky. 

6. Young Ewing, 

6. Thomas Bodley, 

7. Benjamin Lecher, 

8. D. Payne, 



William Matthews. 

6. William Terrell, 

7. Warren Jordan. 



Richard Taylor. 

9. James Smiley, 

10. J. J. Crittenden, 

11. Joshua Fry, 

12. H. Taylor. 









Tennessee. 




John Rhea, 






1. 


T. A. Howard, 


4. 


Joel Pinson, 


2. 


Joseph Brown, 


5. 


B. C. Stout, 


3. 


W. E. Anderson, 
W. H. Harrison, 


6. 


William Blout, 
Ohio. 


1. 


W. McFarland, 


6. 


S. Kingsbury, 


2. 


David Sloane, 


7. 


Henry Brown, 


s! 


Thomas Kirker, 


8. 


Ebenezer Merry, 


4. 


Samuel Coulter, 


9. 


E. Buckingham, 


5. 


James Heaton, 


10. 


James Cooley, 



William A. Sublett. 

7. William Mitchell, 

8. Robert H. Dyer, 

9. Samuel Hogg. 



James Caldwell. 

11. William Kendall, 

12. James Steele, 

13. William Skinner, 

14. John Bigger. 



STATISTICAL BEC0BD8. 



471 



William Mott, 
1. James H. Shepherd, 



David Todd, 
1. David Musick. 



Louisiana. 
2. 8. Heiriart, 

Missouri. 



John B. Planche. 

3. Pierre Lacoste. 



James Loaan. 



Indiana. 

Elias McNamee, John Carr. 

1. David Robb, 2. Jonathan McCarty, 3. Samuel Milroy. 



Thomas Hinds, 
1. James Patton. 



William Harrison, 
1. Henry Eddy. 



Eeuben Safitord, 
1. Henry Chambers, 



James Campbell, 

1. Thomas Fillebrown, 

2. James Parker, 

3. Nathaniel Hobbs, 



Mississippi. 



Illinois. 



Alabama. 



2. John Murphy, 



Bartlett C. Barry. 



Alexander P. Field. 



James Hill. 

3. William Fleming. 



Maine. 

Lemuel Trescott. 

4. Benjamin Chandler, 6. Benjamin Nourse, 

5. Eev. Joshua Taylor, 7. Stephen Parsons. 



The choice between Andrew Jackson, John Quincy Adams, and William H. Craw- 
ford, the three highest on the list of those voted for by the Electoral College for Pres- 
ident, devolved on the House of Representatives. Twenty-four members, one from 
each State, were appointed Tellers, and they announced as the result of the first ballot : 
For John Quincy Adams : Maine, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Con- 
necticut, Vermont, New York, Maryland, Ohio, Kentucky, Illinois, Missouri, and 
Louisiana, — 13 States. For Andrew Jackson : New Jersey, Pennsylvania, South Caro- 
lina, Tennessee, Alabama, Mississippi, and Indiana, — 7 States. For William H. Craw- 
ford: Delaware, Virginia, North Carolina, and Geoi'gia, — 4 States. The Speaker then 
declared that John Quincy Adajms, having received a majority of the votes of all the 
States, was duly elected President. 



ELEVENTH PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION— 1829. 

Andrew Jackson was elected President, receiving the entire electoral vote of Penn- 
sylvania, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Kentucky, Tennessee, 
Ohio, Louisiana, Mississippi, Indiana, Illinois, Alabama, and Missouri, 1 of the 9 votes 
of Maine,. 20 of the 36 votes of New York, and 5 of the 11 votes of Maryland,— 178 in 
all; John Quincy Adams receiving the other 83 electoral votes. John C. Calhoun 
was re-elected Vice-President, receiving 171 votes; while Richard Rush had 83 votes, 
and William Smith 7. The Electors were : — 



Maine. 

Thomas Fillebrown, 

1. Simeon Nowell, 4. Levi Hubbard, 

2. Joseph Southwick, 5. James C. Churchill, 

3. Joseph Prime, 



Jonas Galusha, 

1. Ezra Butler, 

2. Josiah Dana, 



George Sullivan, 

1. Samuel Quarles, 

2. Thomas Woolson, 



Vermont. 

3. John Phelps, 

4. William Jarvis. 



John S. Kimball. 

6. John Moore, 

7. Ebenezer Farley. 



Asa Aldis. 

5. ApoUos Austin. 



New Hampshire. 

3. Naham Parker, 

4. Ezra Bartlett, 



William Bixby. 

5. Samuel Sparhawk, 

6. William Lovejoy. 



472 



STATISTICAL BECOBDS. 



Thomas L. Winthrop, 

1. Samuel Lathrop, 6. 

2. Eliel Frost, 7. 

3. Jesse Putnam, 8. 

4. John Gilbert, 9. 

5. Stephen White, 



Massachusetts. 

Samuel Jones, 
Baily Bartlett, 
E. H. Bobbins, 
Nathan Chandler, 



Caleb Earle, 
1. Stephen B. Cornell, 



Sylvester Norton, 

1. Eufus Hitchcock, 

2. Homer Boardman, 



Moses Rolph, 

1. John Garrison, 

2. A. D. W. Bruyn, 

3. Benjamin Bailey, 

4. John Lloyd, 

5. John Targee, 

6. Alexander Coffin, 

7. Gilbert Coutant, 

8. Gilbert Eddy, 

9. Jacob Odell, 

10. A. Van Vechten, 

11. Morgan Lewis, 

12. E. B. Shearman, 



Ehode Island. 

2. Charles Elbridge. 

Connecticut. 

3. Moses Warren, 

4. George Pratt, 

New York. 

13. Egbert Jansen, 

14. A. Mclntyre, 

15. John E. Russell, 

16. Salmon Childs, 

17. Peter Pine, 

18. Peter H. Myers, 

19. J. C. Yates, 

20. James Campbell, 

21. Elkanah Brush, 

22. Jesse Smith, 

23. RufUs Crane, 



New Jersey. 
Theodore Frelinghuysen, 

1. A. Learning, 3. A. White, 

2. Abraham Brown, 4. T. Elmer, 



Edmund Gushing. 

10. Oliver Starkweather, 

11. Jonathan Davis, 

12. Bradford Dimmick, 

13. Seth Sprague. 



Elisha Watson. 



Roger Taintor. 

5. Charles Hawley. 

6. W. R. Kibbee. 



Asaph Stow. 

24. Augustus Chapman, 

25. Thomas Blakeslee, 

26. Benjamin Cotton, 

27. Freeborn G. Jewett, 

28. John Beall, 

29. William Hildreth, 

30. John Taylor, 

31. James H. Guernsey, 

32. Charles Dayan, 

33. Shubal Dunham, 

34. Ebenezer Walden. 



J. J. Ely. 

5. Gabriel Hoff, 

6. C. Zabriskie. 



John B. Gibson. 

1. William Findlay, 

2. Leonard Rupert, 

3. Edward King, 

4. Jacob Gearhart, 

5. John Lisle, 

6. George Barnitz, 

7. Jacob Holgate, 

8. Jacob Heyser, 

9. Samuel Humes, Sr., 



James Canby, 
1. John Adams. 



Pennsylvania. 



10. John Harper, 

11. John W. Cunningham, 

12. John Scott, 

13. George G. Leiper, 

14. William Piper, 

15. Henry Scheetz, 

16. Valentine Giesey, 

17. Adam Ritscher, 

18. James Gordon, 



William Thompson. 

19. David Hottenstein, 

20. John M. Snowden, 

21. Peter Frailey, 

22. Robert Scott, 

23. Francis Baird, 

24. Henry Allshouse, 

25. Henry Winters, 

26. James Duncan. 



Delaware. 



David Hazard. 



Maryland. 

William Fitzhugh, Jr., Benjamin F. Forrest. 

1. William Tyler, 4. Thomas Emory, 7. Ellas Brown, 

2. James Sewell, 5. Benjamin C. Howard, 8. Littleton Dennis. 

3. John S. Sellman, 6. T. R. Lockerman, 9. Henry Brawner. ' 



William C. Holt, 

1. Wm. H. McFarland, 

2. EUyson Currie, 

3. John Cargill, 

4. John W. Green, 

5. Thomas M. Nelson, 

6. John Gibson, 

7. Richard Logan, 

8. George Rust, 



Virginia. 



9. James Jones, 

10. Jared Williams, 

11. William Daniel, 

12. Jacob D. Williamson, 

13. Joseph Martin, 

14. John Bowyer, 

15. William F. Gordon, 



Robert McCandish. 

16. John E. Geoi'ge, 

17. Wm. Brockenbrough, 

18. Andrew Russell, 

19. Garret Minor, 

20. Joel Shrewsbury, 

21. William Jones, 

22. John McMillan. 



STATISTICAL BEC0ED8. 



473 



Robert Love, 

1. Montfort Stokes, 

2. John Hall, 

3. Peter Forney, 

4. Joseph J. Williams, 

5. John Giles, 

Sanders Glover, 

1. David R. Evans, 

2. John McComb, 

3. John Stewart, 



North Carolina. 

6. Kedar Ballard, 

7. Abraham Phillips, 

8. Louis D. Wilson, 

9. John M. Morehead, 

South Carolina. 

4. Arthur P. Hayne, 

5. David Sloan, 

6. Green B. Colmi, 



Josiah Crudup. 

10. R. D. Spaight, 

11. Walter F. Leake, 
13. E. B. Dudley, 

13. Willie P. Mangum. 



William Pope, 

7. William Johnston, 

8. Henry L. Pinckney, 

9. Wade Hampton, Jr. 



John Rutherford, 

1. Robert R. Reed, 4. 

2. John Moore,* 6. 

3. David Blackshear, 

Thomas Miller, 
1. Enoch Parsons, 2. 



Joseph Dunbar, 
1. Wiley P. Harris. 

John B. Plaache, 
1. Thomas W. Scott, 2. 



John Rhea, 

1. Samuel Bunch, 4. 

2. Alfred Flouruoy, 6. 

3. Thomas McCorry, 6. 



Thomas S. Slaughter, 

1. Matthew Lyon, 6. 

2. Benjamin Chapeze, 6. 

3. Edmund Watkins, 7. 

4. John Younger, 8. 



Ethan Allen Brown, 

1. George McCook, 6. 

2. John McElvain, 7. 

3. William Piatt, 8. 

4. Samuel Herrick, 9. 

5. James Shields, 10. 



Benjamin V. Beckes, 
Jesse B. Durham, 2. 



John Taylor, 
1. Alexander M. Houston. 

John Bull, 
1. Benjamin O'Fallon. 



Georgia. 

Augustus S. Clayton, 
Solonmon Graves, 

Alabama. 

Thomas D. Crabb, 

Mississippi. 

LomsiANA. 
Placide Bossier, 

Tennessee. 

Joseph Brown, 
Benjamin C. Stout, 
Willie Blount, 

Kentucky. 

Nathan Gaither, 
John Sterrit, 
Tunstall Quarles, 
Benjamin Taylor, 

Ohio. 

George Sharp, 
Henry Barriugton, 
Walter M. Blake, 
Thomas Gillespie, 
Benjamin Jones, 

Indiana. 

William Lowe, 

Illinois. 

Missouri. 



William Terrell. 

6. John G. Maxwell, 

7. Oliver Porter. 



John A. Elmore. 

3. William Y. Higgins. 

William Downing. 

Alexander Mouton. 

3. Trasiraon Landry. 



William A. Sublett. 

7. Andrew J. Marchbanks, 

8. Adam R. Alexander, 

9. George Elliott. 



Reuben Munday. 

9. Robert J. Ward, 

10. Richard French, 

11. Tandy Allen, 

12. Thompson Ward. 



Robert Lucas. 

11. Thomas L. Hamer, 

12. William Hayne, 

13. Valentine Keffer, 

14. HughMcFall 



Ratliff Boon. 

3. Ross Smiley. 

Richard M. Young. 

Augustus Jones. 



TWELFTH PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION— 1833. 

Andrew Jackson was re-elected President, receiving the entire electoral vote of 
Maine, New Hampshire, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Virginia, North Caro- 
lina, Georgia, Tennessee, Ohio, Louisiana, Mississippi, Indiana, Illlinois, Alabama, and 

* John Moore declining to serve, Seaton Grantland was elected by the Legislature. 



474 



STATISTICAL BECOBDS. 



Missouri, with three of the eight votes of Maryland,— 219. Henry Clay, of Kentucky, 
received the entire vote of Massachusetts, Ehode Island, Connecticut, Delaware, and 
Kentucky, with five of the eight votes of Maryland,— 49 ; John Floyd received the entire 
vote of South Carolina,— II ; and William Wirt the entire vote of Vermont,— 7. Mar- 
tin Van Buren was elected Vice-President, receiving 189 votes; while John Sergeant 
had 49 votes, William Wilkins had 30, Henry Lee had 11, and Amos Elmaker had 7. 
The Electors were : — 

Maine. 

Samuel Moore. 

4. Elias Burgess, 7. Eowland H. Bridgham, 

5. Joseph Sewall, 8. E. Fletcher. 

6. Joseph Kelsey, 



Nathan Cutler, 

1. Isaac Lane, 

2. Silas Barnard, 

3. J. C. ChurchUl, 



Benjamin Peirce, 

1. Phineas Parkhurst, 

2. Joseph Weeks, 



New Hampshire. 

3. Samuel Collins, 

4. Moses White, 



Vermont. 

3. Ezra Butler, 

4. Augustus Clarke, 

Massachusetts. 

5. Ebenezer Moseley, 

6. James Richardson, 

7. Nathan Brooks, 

8. Jotham Lincoln, 

Ehode Island. 
Samuel Ward King, 
1. William Peckham, 2. Peleg Wilbur. 



James Tarbox, 

1. Nathan Leavenworth, 

2. John S. Pettibone, 



Charles Jackson, 

1. Thomas H. Perkins, 

2. James Byers, 

3. Gideon Barstow, 

4. Henry Shaw, 



Morris Woodruff, 

1. John Baldwin, 

2. Chester Smith, 



Connecticut. 

3. Eli Todd, 

4. Oliver H. King, 



John Holbrook. 
6. John Taylor. 



Amos Thompson. 

5. William Strong. 



E. Mattoon. 

9. Aaron Tufts, 

10. Cornelius Grinnell, 

11. Samuel Lee, 

12. Nymphas Marston. 



Nathaniel S. Euggles. 



John D. Eeynolds. 

5. Erastus Sturges, 

6. E. Jackson, Jr. 



1. 

2. 

3. 

4. 

6. 

6. 

7. 

8. 

9. 
10. 
11. 
12. 
13. 
14. 



Edward P. Livingston, 
Nathaniel Garron, 15. 

Theophilus S. Morgan, 16 



Moses Ealph, 
Uavid Moulton, 
Henry Waring, 
Ebenezer Wood, 
Gideon Lee, 
Peter Collier, 
John Targee, 
.John Hyde, 
Preserved Fish, 
Thomas Humphrey, 
J. W. Hardenbrook, 
Joseph Eeynolds, 



Daniel Vliet, 

1. Peter J. Terhune, 

2. John M. Perrine, 



17. 

18. 
19, 
20. 
21. 
22. 
23. 
24. 
25, 
26. 
27. 



New York. 

Abraham Miller, 
Darius Bentley, 
William Taber, 
Samuel Payne, 
Samuel Hunter, 
G, Curtis, 
Peter Crlspell, Jr., 
Seth Thomas, 
William Deitz, 
Jonas Seely, 
Samuel Anable, 
Oliver Phelps, 
James Woods, 

New Jersey. 

Joseph Eogers, 
James Newell, 



Amos Buck. 

28, Truman Spencer, 

29, John N. Qaackenbush, 

30, Abel Baldwin, 

31, Daniel D. Campbell, 

32, James Sutherland, 

33, John Gale, 

34, Calvin T. Chamberlain, 

35, Dudley Farlin, 

36, Orris Crosby, 

37, James B, Spencer, 

38, M. A. Andrews, 

39, John S. Veeder, 

40, Asa Clark, Jr. 



Aaron Vansyckel. 

5. William Munroe, 

6. William L. Stiles. 



Samuel McKean, 

1. C. Garber, 

2. William Swilland, 

3. John T. Knight, 

4. W. Brindle, 

6. William Thomson, 

6. Adam Light, 

7. Edward King, 

8. Geoige Barnitz, 

9. B. W. Richards, 
10. D. Sheffer, 



Pennsylvania. 

11. George W. Smick, 

12. Frederick Orwan, 

13. John Slaymaker, 

14. George McCuUock, 

15. Oliver Alison, 

16. John Murray, 

17. George G. Leiper, 

18. David Oilman, 

19. Henry Scheetz, 



David D, Wagener. 

20. David Frazier, 

21. Adam Eitscher, 

22. P. Mulvany, 

23. William Addams, 

24. J. Patten, 

25. John Schall, 

26. J. Y. Bauley, 

27. J. Booker, 

28. Wilson Smith. 



STATISTICAL BEGOBDS. 



475 









Delawabe. 








George Truitt, 






C. 


P. Comegys. 


1. 


H. F. HaU. 




Maryi-and. 








R. H. Goldsborough, 




William Price. 


1. 


J. S. Smith, 


3. 


William Frick, 




5. U. S. Heath, 


2. 


William B. Tyler, 


4. 


Albert Constable, 
Virginia. 




6. John L. Steele. 




George Loyall, 






Samuel Blackwell. 


1. 


John Cargill, 


8. 


James M. Mason, 




15. W. H. Roane, 


2. 


John Gibson, 


9. 


Richard Logan, 




16. Thomas Bland, 


3. 


James Jones, 


10. 


John McMillan, 




17. Samuel Carr, 


4. 


J. Horner, 


11. 


Joseph Martin, 




18. A. Russell, 


6. 


Thomas M. Nelson, 


12. 


J . D. Williamson, 




19. L. T. Dade, 


6. 


H. L. Opie, 


13. 


William Jones, 




20. Philip N. Nicholas, 


7. 


Archibald Austin, 


14. 


Charles Beale, 
North Carolina. 




21. A. R. Harwood. 




A. W. Venable, 






J. 


0. Watson. 


1. 


Robert Love, 


6. 


F. Ward, 




10. Owen Holmes, 


2. 


1. 1. Daniel, 


7. 


Thomas G. Polk, 




11. J. M. Morehead, 


3. 


George L. Davidson, 


8. 


R. D. Spaight, 




12. Henry Skinner, 


4. 


W. B. Lockhart, 


9. 


Thomas Settle, 




13. Walter F. Leak. 


6. 


Peregrine Roberts, 




South Carouna. 








Robert J, TurnbuU 


■J 




Elijah Watson. 


1. 


W. Thompson, Jr., 


4. 


Thomas Lyles, 




7. Benjamin Dart, 


2. 


Samuel Cherry, 


6. 


W. B. Seabrook, 




8. Joseph S. Shelton, 


3. 


William Dubose, 


6. 


Thomas Dugan, 
Georgia. 




9. Thomas Evans. 



Beverly Allen, 

1. Elias Beall, 

2. Henry Jackson, 

3. David Blackshear, 



4. William Terrell, 

5. W. B. Bullock, 

6. John Whitehead, 



Henry Holt. 

7. John Floyd, 

8. Wilson Williams, 

9. Seaton Grantland. 



M. Aiken, 

1. William Snodgrass, 

2. J. G. Bostick, 

3. Jesse Wallace, 

4. Elliott Hickman, 

5. W. B. A. Ramsey, 

Joseph Eve, 
\. Benjamin Hardin 

2. W. K. Wall, 

3. M. P. Marshall, 

4. J. L. Hickman, 

5. M. V. Thompson, 

Benjamin Tappan, 

1. John M. Goodenow, 

2. Valentine Keflfer, 

3. I. D. Morris, 

4. Isaac Humphreys, 

5. Mark T. Wills, 

6. Alexander Elliott, 

7. R. D. Forman. 

J. B. Blanche, 
1. Thomas W. Scott, 



George Boon, 

1. W. Armstrong, 

2. Alexander J. Burnett, 

3. James Blake, 



Tennessee. 

6. William Pillow, 

7. Joseph McMillon, 

8. Willie Blount, 

9. William Stroud, Sr. 



Daniel Bowman. 

10. David Fentress, 

11. John Heam, 

12. B. Coleman, 

13. George Elliott. 



Kentucky. 

8. William Ousley, 

7. Burr Harrison, 

8. Thomas Chilton, 

9. John I. Marshalll, 

Ohio. 

8. John Chaney, 

9. Alexander McConnell 

10. George Sharpe, 

11. Michael Moore, 

12. Fisher A. Blocksom, 

13. John Lavwell, 

Louisiana. 



Alney McLeon. 

10. D. S. Patton, 

11. E. M. Ewing, 

12. M. Beatty, 

13. Thompson M. Ewing. 



Joseph J. McDowell. 

14. William S. Tracy, 
, 15. George Marshall, 

16. Jeremiah McLane, 

17. Eli Baldwin, 

18. H. J. Harman, 

19. Jonathan Cilley. 



2. W. H. Overton, 

Indiana. 

4. John Ketchum, 
6. Arthur Patterson, 



Alexander Mouton. 
3. T. Landry. 



M. Crune. 

6. Thomas Givins, 

7. N. B. Palmer. 



476 



STATISTICAL MECOBDS. 



Mississippi. 
William Dowsing, Samuel Hunter. 

1. Wiley P. Harris, 2. W. W. Clierry. 



James Evans, 
1. John C. Alexander, 



Henry King, 

1. John J. Winston, 

2. William P. Gould, 



Joel H. Haden, 
1. William Blackey, 



Adams Dunlap. 

3. Abner Flack. 



Illinois. 

2. Thomas Ray, 

Alabama. 

William Edraondson. 

3. William R. Pickett, 6. Theophilus Toulmiu. 
■i. George Phillips, 



Missouri. 
2. Henry Shurlds. 



John Hume. 



THIRTEENTH PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION— 1837. 

Martin Van Buren was elected President, receiving the entire electoral vote of 
Maine, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New York, Pennsylvania, Virginia, 
North Carolina, Louisiana, Mississippi, Illinois, Alabama, Missouri, Arkansas, Michi' 
gan,— 170. William H. Harrison received the entire vote of Vermont, New Jersey, 
Delaware, Maryland, Kentucky, Ohio, and Indiana, — 73 ; Hugh L. White the vote of 
Georgia and of Tennessee, — 26 ; Daniel Webster, the vote of Massachusetts, — 14 ; and 
W. P. Mangura, the vote of South Carolina, — II. Richard M. Johnson was chosen 
Vice-President by the Senate, no one having received a majority of the electoral 
votes, which stood : Richard M. Johnson, 147 ; Francis Granger, 77 ; John Tyler, 47, 
William Smith, 23. The Electors were : — 



Reuel Williams, 

1. Sheldon Hobbs, 

2. Joseph Tobin, 

3. Jonathan Smith, 



Jonathan Harvey, 

1. Isaac Waldron, 

2. G. Gilmore, 



Jabez Proctor, 
L S. Swift, 
2. Titus Hutchinson, 



Nathaniel Silsbee, 

1. E. A. Newton, 

2. Leverett Saltonstall, 

3. Benjamin Walker, 

4. Isaac C. Bates, 



James Fenner, 
1. John D'Wolf, 



Lorain T. Pease, 

1. Alfred Bassett, 

2. Seth P. Beers, 



Maine. 

4. John Hamblen, 

5. Benjamin Burgess, 

6. William Thompson. 

New Hampshire. 

3. Tristam Shaw, 

4. Ebenezer Carlton, 

Vermont. 

3. David Crawford, 

4. W. A. Griswold, 

Massachusetts. 

6. Loarami Baldwin, 

6. Thomas Longlay, 

7. Samuel Lee, 

8. Bezabeel Taft, Jr., 

Rhode Island. 
2. B. B. Thurston. 



Connecticut. 

Julius Clark, 
R. P. Williams, 



New York. 
Cornelius W. Lawrence, 

1. Jacob Sutherland, 5. Jacob Crocheron, 

2. Gideon Ostrander, 6. Jeremiah Anderson, 

3. Most s Rolph, 7. Stephen Allen, 

4. John Targee, 8. James Hooker, 



Shepherd Carey. 

7. John H. Jarvis, 

8. S. S. Heagan. 



Josiah Russell. 

5. Stephen Gale. 



Howe. 
5. Edward Lamb. 



Samuel Appleton. 
9. J. G. Kendall, 

10. Howard Lothrop, 

11. Charles W. Morgan, 

12. Charles J. Holmes. 



Henry Bull. 



Luther Warren. 

5. Moses Gregory, 

6. Carlos Chapman. 



John Cox. 

9. Nathaniel P. Hill, 

10. Ichabod Bartlett, 

11. Jeremiah Russell, 

12. Augustus C. Welch, 



STATISTICAL BEC0ED8. 



477 



13. 


Zadock Pratt, 


23. 


John Gale, 


32. Samuel Benedict, Jr., 


14. 


Lyman Strabridge, 


24. 


Alanson M. Knapp, 


33. Parker Halleck, 


15. 


Lucas Hoes, 


25. 


Walcott Tyrell, 


34. Daniel H. Bissell, 


16. 


Whitcombe Phelps, 


2&. 


Jared Willson, 


35. George F. Falley, 


17. 


Henry Koon, 


27. 


David C. Judson, 


36. Thomas J. Wheeler, 


18. 


David Munro, 


28. 


Elisha Doubleday, 


37. Orville Hungerford, 


19. 


Peter Wendell, 


29. 


Frederick LammonSj 


38. Guy H. Goodrich, 


20. 


Daniel Dicisey, 


30. 


Joseph Sibley, 


39. Joshua Babcock, 


21. 


Herman Gausevoort, 


31. 


Henry jPllison, 


40. Hiram Gardner. 


22. 


Peleg Slade, 

William Stevens. 




New Jersey. 


Allison Ely. 


1, 


John H. Hall, 


3. 


William Brittan, 


5. Josiah S. Worth, 


2. 


Joshua Burr, 

James Thompson, 


4. 


David Beevis, 

Peknstlvania. 


6. J. Learning. 
Henry Welsh. 


1. 


Robert Patterson, 


11. 


Gardner Fumess, 


20. Wallace M. Williams, 


2. 


Thomas C. Miller, 


12. 


Asa Mann, 


21. Jacob Kern, 


3. 


Thomas D. Grover, 


13. 


Oliver Allison, 


22. James Power, 


4. 


William Clark, 


14. 


William R. Smith, 


23. Jacob Dillinger, 


5. 


Joseph Burden, 


15. 


Henry Myers, 


24. Robert Orr, 


6. 


John Mitchell, 


16. 


S. L. Carpenter, 


25. Paul Geiger, 


7. 


John Naglee, 


17. 


John B. Sterigere, 


26. John Carothers, 


8. 


Leonard Rupert, 


18. 


Robert Patterson, 


27. Calvin Blythe, 


9. 


Samuel Badger, 


19. 


Henry Chapman, 


28. John P. Davis. 


10. 


George Kriner, 




Delaware. 






William W. Morris, 




William Dunning; 


1. 


H. F. Hall, 

Elias Brown, 




Maryland. 


David Hoffman. 


1. 


J. B. Ricaud, 


4. 


J. M. Coale, 


7. T. Burchenal, 


2. 


George Howard, 


5. 


Anthony Kimmel, 


8. Thomas G. Pratt, 


3. 


William Price, 


6. 


Robert W. Bowie, 

VHM3INIA. 





A. Smith, 

1. John Cargill, 

2. W. HoUaday, 

3. James Jones, 

4. I. Horner, 

5. Wm. R. Baskerville, 

6. H. L. Opie, 

7. Archibald Austin, 



Robert Love, 

1. George Bower, 

2. Nathaniel Macon, 

3. John Wilson, 

4. W. B. Lockhart, 

5. A. Henderson, 

John Littlejohn, 

1. Patrick Noble, 

2. Thomas Dugan, 

3. D. J. McCord, 



George R. Gilmer, 

1. John W. Campbell, 

2. Howell Cobb, 

3. Gibson Clark, 



William Smith, 

1. John McKinley, 

2. John S. Hunter, 



8. A. S. Baldwin, 

9. Richard Logan, 

10. J. D. Williamson, 

11. A. Stuart, 

12. D. B. Layne, 

13. H. Hudgins, 

14. A. Bierne, 

North Carolina. 

6. G. C. Marehant, 

7. John Hill, 

8. L. D. Wilson, 

9. John Parker, 



Samuel Carr. 

15. A. R. Harwood, 

16. James Hoge, 

17. John Moncure, 

18. John Gibson, 

19. W. H. Roane, 

20. Samuel L. Hays, 

21. John Hindraan. 



Josiah O. Watson. 

10. W. P. Ferrand, 

11. W. A. Morris, 

12. Owen Holmes, 

13. A. W. Venable. 



South Carolina. 

4. B. T. Elmore, 

5. Thomas F. Jones, 

6. R. H. Goodwin, 

Georgla.. 

4. William H. Holt, 

5. E. Wimberly, 

6. Ambrose Baber, 

Alabama. 

3. Thomas D. King, 

4. William R. Hallett, 



Thomas L. Gourdin. 

7. John Frampton, 

8. B. K. Hanegan, 

9. John Maxwell. 



Thomas Stocks. 

7. Thomas Hamilton, 

8. David Meriwether, 

9. C. Hines. 



Robert H. Watkins. 

6. William R. Pickett. 



478 



STATISTICAL BECOBDS. 



Tennessee. 
Robert J. McKinney, 

1. John Netherland, 6, T. F. Bradford, 

2. W. E. Anderson, 7. James A. Whiteside, 

3. Alexander E. Smith, 8. Neil S. Brown, 

4. Andrew J. Hoover, 9. Asa Falkner, 

5. James Park, 



Burr Harrison, 

1. Henry Daniel, 6. 

2. William K. Wall, 7. 

3. Philip Triplett, 8. 

4. Eobert Wickliff, 9. 

5. D. S. Patton, 

Benjamin Ruggles, 

1. Joshua Collett, 8. 

2. Ira Belknap, 9. 

3. George P. Torrence, 10. 

4. Samuel Elliott, 11. 

5. Andrew McCleary, 12. 

6. Mordecai Bartley, 13. 

7. Elijah Huntington, 

Thomas Hinils, 

1. B. W. Edwards, 2. 



J. B. Planche, 
1..T. U. Scott, 



John C. Clendenin, 

1. Hiram Decker, 4. 

2. A. W. Morris, 6. 

3. Milton Stapp, 

George F. Bollinger, 
1. John Sappington, 2. 



John Miller, 
1. Joshua Morrison. 

Daniel LeRoy, 
1. David C. McKinstry. 

John Wyatt, 
1. Samuel Leach, 



Kentucky. 

Thomas Metcalf, 
E. Rumsey, 
M. P. Marshall, 
Richard A. Buckner, 

Ohio. 

John Codding, 
Isaiah Morris, 
Jared P. Kirtland, 
Alexander Campbell, 
D. Hasbough, 
William Kendall, 

Mississippi. 
H. G. Runnels. 

Louisiana. 

P. E. Bossier, 

Indiana. 

A. L. White, 
Enoch McCarty, 

MiSSOUBI. 

A. Bird. 

Arkansas. 

Michigan. 

Illinois. 
John Pearson, 



John Gordon. 

10. S. D. Frierson, 

11. Richard Cheatham, 

12. L. P. Williamson, 

13. William W. Lea. 



Thomas P. Wilson. 

10. J. F. Ballinger, 

11. C. Tomkins, 

12. Robert P. Letcher, 

13. M. Beaty. 



W. C. Kirker. 

14. John P. Coulter, 

15. Abels Rennick, 

16. John L. Lacy, 

17. Christian King, 

18. Andrew Donnelly, 

19. Samuel Newell. 



R. H. Grant. 



Alexander Mouton. 
3. T. Landry. 



Archilles Williams. 

6. M. G. Clark, 

7. A. P. Andrews. 



Williapi Monroe. 

A. B. Anthony. 
William H. Hoeg. 



Samuel Hachleton. 

3. John D. Whitesides. 



FOURTEENTH PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION— 1841. 

William Henry Harrison was elected President, receiving the entire electoral 
vote of Maine, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, Vermont, New York, New 
Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, North Carolina, Georgia, Kentucky, Ten- 
nessee, Ohio, Louisiana, Mississippi, Indiana, and Michigan, — 234, Martin Van Buren 
received the entire vote of New Hampshire, Virginia, South Carolina, Illinois, Ala- 
bama, Missouri, and Arkansas,— 60. John Tyler Avas elected Vice-President, receiving 
234 votes, while R. M. Johnson had 48, L. W. Tazewell 11, and James K. Polk 1. The 
Electors were :— 

Maine. 

Thomas Fillebrown. 

4. Benjamin P. Oilman, 7. Charles Trafton, 

5. Rufus K. Goodenow, 8. Thomas Robinson. 

6. J. Huse, 



Isaac Ilsley, 
Isaac Hodson, 
E. Robinson, 
Samuv.,1 Small, 



STATISTICAL BEQOBDS. 



479 



Samuel Burns, 

1. John Scott, 

2. J. W. Weeks, 



Samuel C. Crafts, 

1. Ezra Meech, 

2. A. B. W. Tenney, 



Isaac C. Bates, 

1. Peleg Sprague 

2. Sidney Willard, 

3. Eichard Houghton, 

4. Ira M. Barton, 



Nicholas Brown, 
1. George Engs, 



H. Spencer, 

1. James Brewster, 

2. P. Pearl, 



James Burt, 

1. Abraham Rose, 

2. H. Watsou, 

3. John T. Harrison, 

4. G. P. Griffith, 

5. John L. Lawrence, 

6. A. Mclntyre, 

7. Joseph Tucker, 

8. E. Stimsou, 

9. J. P. Phoenix, 

10. Josiah Hand, 

11. Richard S. Williams, 

12. K. P. Cool, 

13. P. Van Cortlandt, 

14. Jonathan Wallace, 



New Hampshere. 

3. Samuel Hatch, 

4. P. Holbrook, 

Vermont. 

3. William Henry, 

4. William P. Briggs, 

Massachusetts. 

5. S. C. Phillips, 

6. George Grinnel, Jr., 

7. Samuel Mixter, 

8. Joseph Tripp, 

Rhode Island. 

2. William Rhodes. 

Connecticut. 

3. A. Larrabee, 

4. P. Bierce, 

New York. 

15. B. White, 

16. H. P. Voorhies, 

17. N. Dubois, 

18. Thomas Burch, 

19. Peter G. Sharp, 

20. P. B. Porter, 

21. John I. Knox, 

22. Albert Crane, 

23. Peter Pratt, 

24. Charles Bradish, 

25. E. Merrick, 

26. Gideon Lee, 

27. J. Livingston, 



Perley. 
6. Andrew Paine, Jr. 



John Couaut. 

6. Joseph Reed. 



Rufus Longley. 

9. Thomas French, 

10. John B. Thomas, 

11. W. Wood, 

12. J. Z. Goodrich. 



W. Weeden. 



Reuben Booth. 
6. J. Greene, 
6. J. S. Peters. 



Elisha Jenkins. 

28. Grattan H. Wheeler, 

29. Isaac Ogden, 

30. William Garbutt, 

31. Samuel Balcom, 

32. P. L. Tracey. 

33. I. I. Speed, Jr., 

34. John Wheeler, 

35. D. Hibbard, 

36. PhiloOrton, 

37. John Williams, 

38. H. R. Seymour, 

39. B. D. Noxen, 

40. Davis Hurd. 



Lewis Condict, 
1. C. Stepton, 
2 Samuel G. Wright, 



J. A. Shulze, 

1. J. Ritner, 

2. J. K. Zeilin, 

3. L. Passmore, 

4. Robert Stimsou, 
6. J. P. Wetherell, 

6. W. S. Hendrie, 

7. Thomas P. Cope, 

8. I. J. Ross, 

9. F. Gillingham, 
10. Peter Filbert, - 



Benjamin Caulk, 
1. Peter J. Causey. 



New Jersey. 

3. James Sliflf, 

4. Thomas Newbold, 

Pennsylvania. 

11. A, Ellmaker, 

12. William Addams, 

13. John Harper, 

14. B. Connelly, Jr., 

15. William Mcllvain, 

16. Joseph Markle, 

17. J. Dickson, 

18. J. G. Fordyce, 

19. J. McKeehan, 



Delaware. 



John Eunk. 

5. J. M. Ryerson, 

6. Joshua Townsend. 



A. R. Mcllvain. 

20. T. M. T. McKennan, 

21. John Reed, 

22. H. Denny, 

23. A. B. Wilson, 

24. Joseph Bufflngton, 

25. N. Middleswarth, 

26. Henry Black, 

27. George Walker, 

28. John Dick. 



H. F, Hall. 



Maryland. 
David Hoffman, 

1. J. L. Keer, 4. Richard J. Bowie, 

2. George Howard, 5. Jacob A. Preston, 

3. Theodore R, Lockerman, 6. James M. Coale, 



J. P. Kennedy. 

7. W. T. Woolton, 

8. Thomas A. Speuce. 



480 



STATISTICAL BECOUDS, 



A. Smith, 

1. J. Carsill, 

2. Archibald Stuart, 

3. .Tanuvs ,loucs, 

4. Williaui Tod, 

5. William R. naskevIUe, 

6. A. lU-ockcnbrough, 
7^ Charles Yaucey, 



James Welborn, 

1. Charles McDowell, 

2. J. B. Kelly, 

3. 1). Kamsour, 

4. James Mebane, 
6. A. lleucher, 

John Crawford, 

1. J. J. Caldwell, 

2. W. II. Canuon, 

3. A. Mazyck, 



Georarc R. Gilmer, 

1. D. L. Clinch. 

2. W. W. Ezzard, 
8. J. W. Campbell, 



Virginia. 

8. John Gibson, 

9. J. B. Ilalybirton, 

10. J. D. Williamsou, 

11. J. T. Randolph, 

12. AVilliam Taylor, 

13. W. lloUiday, 

14. A. C. Chapman, 

North Carolina. 

C. William W. Cherry, 

7. James S. Smith, 

8. Thomas F. Jones, 

9. Charles Manly, 

South Cauouna. 

4. J. Buchanan, 
6. H. J. Johnson, 
6. F. J. Goodwyu, 

Georgia. 

4. C. B. Strong, 
6. Joel Crawford, 
6. E. Wimberly, 



Richard Logan. 
16. J. liorncr, 

16. James lloge, 

17. Richard eT Byrd, 

18. William Byers, 

19. William A. Harris, 

20. Benjamin Ih'owu, 

21. John llurdmau. 



D. F. Caldwell. 

10. Josiah Collins, 

11. William L. Long, 

12. .lames W. Bryan, 

13. Daniel B. Baker. 



L. Jeter. 

7. W. McWillie, 

8. J. Jenkins, 

9. John L. Ashe. 



A. Miller. 

7. Charles Dougherty, 

8. J. Whitehead. 

9. S. Grautlaud. 



Wlllam K. Hallett, 

1. B. M. Lowe, 

2. Beiyamin Fitzpatiick, 



Alabama. 

Joseph r. Frazier, 

3. M. F. Raiucy, 5. J. Murphy. 

4. Beujamiu Reynolds, 



Mississippi. 

2. Henry Dickenson. 

Tennksskb. 

6. "William P. Senter, 

6. James O. Janes, 

7. A. A. Anderson, 
4. Thomas L. Bransford, 8. D. W. Dickenson, 



S. S. Prentiss, 
1. J. J. Stewart, 



E. H. Foster, 

1. S. Jarnagin, 

2. J. F. Mtirford, 

3. Thomas D. Arnold, 



Thomas J. Word. 



Thomas J. Campbell. 
9. J. H. Cahal, 

10. G. A. Henry, 

11. E. J. Shields, 

12. George W. Gibbs. 









Kentucky. 




Richard A. Buckner, 




1. 


James T. Morehead, 


6. 


Daniel Breck, 


2. 


Thomas W. Riley, 


7. 


James W. Irwin, 


8. 


Robert Patterson, 


8. 


R. H. Menefee, 


4. 


William H. Field, 


9. 


B. Y. Ousley, 


6. 


Iredell Hart, 

William R. Putnam 


^ 


Ohio. 


1. 


Alexander Mayhew, 


8. 


Aquila Toland, 


2. 


Henry Harter, 


9. 


Perley B. Johnson, 


3. 


A. Spafford, 


10. 


John Dukes, 


4. 


Joshua Collett, 


11. 


Otho Bnvshear, 


6. 


Abram Miley, 


12. 


James Raquet, 


6. 


Sauujel F. Vinton, 


13. 


C. S. Miller, 


7. 


John I. Vanmeter, 
J. McCarty, 




Indiana. 


1. 


J. W. Payne, 


4. 


James H. Cravens, 


2. 


Joseph L. White, 


6. 


Caleb B. Smith, 


8. 


Richard W. Thompson, 
A. W. Snyder, 




Illinois. 


1. 


Isaac P. Walker, 


2. 


. James H. Ralston, 



Charles G. Wlntersmith. 

10. M. P. Marshall, 

11. James Harlan, 

12. A. Beatty, 

13. \V. W. Southgate. 



Rcasin Beall. 

14. John Carey, 

15. David King, 

16. Storm Rosa, 

17. John Beatty, 

18. John Augustine, 

19. John Jameson. 



Joseph G. Marshall. 

6. William Herod, 

7. Samuel C. Sample. 



J. A, 



McClernand. 

3. I. W. Kldridge. 



STATISTICAL BECOBDS. 



481 



Michigan. 
Thomas J. Drake, H. G. Wells. 

1. J. Vivu Fossen. 

Louisiana. 
• William De Buys, Jacques Dupre. 

1. J. Birnard, 2. S. Lewis, 3. L. Barras. 



A. Byrd, 

1. E. Dobyns, 



John McClellen, 
1. John Miller. 



Missouri. 
2. AY. G. Meriwether. 

ArIO-NSAS. 



James Holman. 



Samuel M. Eutherford. 



FIFTEENTH PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION— 1845. 

James K. Polk was elected President, receiving the entire electoral vote of Maine, 
New Hampshire, New York, Pennsylvania, Virginia, South Carolina, Georgia, Louis- 
iana, Mississippi, Indiana, Illinois, Alabama, Missouri, Arkansas, and Michigan, — 170. 
Henry Clay received the vote of llhode Island, Massachusetts, Connecticut, Vermont, 
New Jersey, Delaware, Maryland, North Carolina, Kentuckjs Tennessee, and Ohio, — 
105. George M. Dallas was elected Vice-President, receiving 170 votes, while T. 
Frelinghuysen had 105. The Electors were : — 



James W. Bradbury, 

1. John SLickney, 4. 

2. Ichabod Jordan, 6. 

3. Alfred Pierce, 



Maine. 

Levi Morrill, 
J. A. Lowell, 

New Hampshire. 



William Badger, 

1. John McNeil, 

2. E. Sawyer, 



3. E. E. Currier, 



John Foster. 

G. Thomas Bartlett, 
7. Nathaniel Eobiusou. 



Isaac Hale. 

4. J. L. Putnam. 



Abbott Lawrence, 
Lewis Stronir, 5. 

Charles Allen, 6. 

N. Applcton, 7. 

W. B. Calhoun, 



Massachusetts. 

J. P. Allen, 
C. B. Eising, 
Homer Bartlett, 



A. E. Thompson. 

8. Elijah Vose, 

9. W. Baylies, 
10. Seth Crowell. 



Benjamin Weaver, 
1. Stephen Steere, 2, 



Clark Bissell, 

1. Charles W. Eockwell, 

2. Joseph L. Gladding, 



J. H. Harris, 

1. John Pick, 

2. Benjamin Swift, 



Benjamin F. Butler, 

1. Daniel S. Dickenson, 13. 

2. Clemence Whitaker, 14, 

3. Hugh Halsey, 15. 

4. A. boane, 16, 

5. H. Thompson, 17, 
(;. Thomas II. Hubbard, 18. 

7. George Douglass, I'J, 

8. L. Pettengili; 20. 
0. Noil Cray, 21. 

10. William M.ason, 22, 

11. AY. S. Havemayer, 23, 

12. H. Potts, 

31 



Eh ODE Island. 

John Greene. 
N. F. Dixon (the elder). 



Connecticut. 
S. A. Foote, 

Vermont. 
C. Townsley, 

New York. 



N. 0. Kellogg. 

4. Truman Smith. 



C. Coolidge. 

4. E. Fairbanks. 



J. J. Coddington, 

Daniel Dana, 25 

Daniel Johnson, 26 

John Gillett, 27 

J. Crawford, 28 

J. E. Bogardus, 29 

William Murrey, 30 

J. Boynton, 31 
Jacobus Hoerolnburgh, 32 

E. Johnson, 33 

J. L. Hogeboom, 34 



John Nellis. 

24. John Lapham, 
N. M. Martin, 

. J. D. Higgius, 

. J. K. Page, 
E. H. Shankland, 
John Savage, 

I. J. Hascall, Jr., 

. William Hedding, 
Eufus H. Smith, 
John Fay, 
A. Hogeboom. 



482 



STATISTICAL BECOBDS. 



J. B. Aycrigg, 

1. Cliarles Reeves, 

2. E. Y. Rogers, 



New Jersey. 

3. E. Q. Keasbeg, 

4. James Stewart, 

Pennsylvania. 



Wilson McCandless, 

1. Asa Dimock, 9. 

2. N. W. Sample, 10. 

3. G. F. Lehman, 11. 

4. William Heidenrich, 12. 

5. Christian Kneass, 13. 

6. Courad Shimer, 14. 

7. William H. Smith, 15. 

8. Stephen Baldy, 16. 



Alfred Diipont, 
Enoch Spruance. 



John Hill, 
I. Brewster, 
Samuel E. Leech, 
George Schnable, 
Samuel Camp, 
N. B. Eldred, 
William N. Irvine, 
John Matthews, 

Delaware. 



Maryland. 



John Emly. 

5. A. Godwin. 



Jesse Sharp. 

17. James Woodburn, 

18. William Patterson, 

19. Hugh Montgomery, 

20. A. Burke, 

21. Isaac Ankeny, 

22. John M. Gill, 

23. C. Meyers, 

24. Robert Orr. 



Thomas Davis. 



William M. Gaither, 

1. James B. Ricaud, 

2. C. K. Stewart, 



William Price. 



3. Thomas S. Alexander, 

4. A. W, Bradford, 



5. H, E. Wright, 

6. Samuel Hambleton. 



John S. Millson, 

1. Thomas Wallace, 

2. Richard Coke, Jr., 

3. R. H. Baptiste, 

4. H. Bedinger, 

5. William Daniel, 



William W. Cheny, 

1. R. B. Gilliam, 

2. W. H. Washington, 

3. D. B. Baker, 



r. H. Elmore, 

1. J. D. Wetherspoon, 

2. H. C. Young, 

3. E. W, Huey. 



Virginia. 



6. G. B. Samuels, 

7. A. Stuart, 

8. James Hoge, 

9. Thomas J. Randolph, 
10. H. S. Kane, 

North Carolina. 

4. M. Q. Waddell, 

5. John Kern, 

6. A. H. Shepard, 

South Carolina. 



W. H. Roane. 

11. AVilliam Smith, 

12. R. A. Thompson, 

13. William P. Taylor, 

14. Joseph Johnson, 

15. William S. Morgan. 



Josiah Collins. 

7. James W. Osborne, 

8. J. Horton, 

9. John Baxter. 



4. T. B. Skipper, 

5. L. Boozer, 

Georgia. 



F. W. Pickens. 

6. William Cairn, 

7. R. De Treville. 



Charles J. McDonald, 

1. B. Graves, 4. 

2. H. V. Johnson, 5. 

3. R. M. Charlton, 6. 



Charles Murphy, 
William E. Saudford, 
George W. Towers, 

Kentucky. 



Alfred Iverson. 

7. William B. Wofford, 

8. Eli H. Baxter. 



P. Triplett, 

1. B. M. Crenshaw, 

2. W. W Southgate, 

3. Benjamin Hardin, 

4. W. R. Grigsby, 

Thomas Corwin, 

1. Bellamy Storer, 

2. Samson Mason, 

3. W. Bebb, 

4. D. J. Cory, 

5. A. Harlan, 

6. J. Scott, 

7. R. W. Clark, 



John Bell, 

1. G. A. Henry, 

2. J. H. Crozier, 

3. J. A. R. Nelson, 

4. D. L. Barringer, 



5. I. K. Underwood, 

6. W. J. Gram, 

7. R. A. Patterson, 

Ohio. 

8. David Adams, 

9. Joseph Olds, 

10. D. S. Norton, 

11. W. W. Conklin, 

12. James K. Holcombe, 

13. H. Chapin, 

14. J. Crooks, 



Greene Adams. 

8. Leslie Coombs, 

9. John Kincard, 
10. L. W. Andrews. 



Peter Hitchcock. 

15. T. W. Bostwick, 

16. W. R. Sapp, 

17. J. W. Gill, 

18. Cyrus Spiuk, 

19. J. H. Baldwin, 

20. W. S. Perkins, 

21. John Fuller. 



Tennessee. 

Robert L. Caruthers. 

5. R. H. Hynds, 9. H. L. Bransford, 

6. N. S. Brown, 10. William T. Haskell, 

7. Thomas R. Jennings, 11. Robertson Topp. 

8. J. D. Tyler, 



STATISTICAL RECOBDS, 



483 









LorasiANA. 






G. Leonard, 






J. B Planche. 


1. 


T. Landry, 


3. 


A. E. Mouton, 


4. S. W. Downes. 


2. 


T. W. Scott, 
A. Fox, 




Mississippi. 


R. H. Boone. 


1. 


J. W. Matthews, 


3. 


H. S. Foote, 


4. Jefferson Davis. 


2. 


Jos. Bell, 

James G. Reed, 




Indiana. 


G. N. Fitch. 


1. 


William A. Bowles, 


5. 


William W. Wick, 


8. H. W. Ellsworth, 


2. 


Elijah Newland, 


6. 


P. C. Dunning, 


9. Charles W. Cathcart, 


3. 


J. M. Johnston, 


7. 


Austin M. Puett, 


10. John Gilbert. 


4. 


Samuel E. Perkins, 
A. W, Cavarly, 




Illinois. 


William A. Richardson. 


1. 


J. D. Wood, 


4. 


Isaac N. Arnold, 


6. John Calhoun. 


2. 


John Dement, 


5. 


A. C. French, 


7. Norman H. Purple. 


3. 


Willis Allen, 

Lewis Beaufait, 




Michigan. 


George Redfield. 


1. 


P. S. Paulding, 

R. B. Wathall, 


2. 


Charles P. Bush, 
Alabama. 


3. Samuel Axford. 
Daniel Hubbard. 


1. 


W. R. Hallett, 


4. 


J. J. Winston, 


6. Jeremiah Clemens, 


2. 


Dixon Hall, 


5. 


J. A. Nooe, 


7. Wmiam B. Martin. 


3. 


Thomas S. Mays, 
W. W. Izard, 




Arkansas. 


Solon Borland. 


1. 


W. S. Oldham. 

James S. Green, 




Missouri. 


William A. Hall. 


1. 


W. P. Hall, 


3. 


W. C. Jones, 


5. William L. Sublette. 


2. 


William Shields, 


4. 


Franklin Cannon, 





SIXTEENTH PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION- 1849. 

Zachary Taylor was elected President, receiving the entire electoral vote of Mas- 
sachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, Vermont, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylva- 
nia, Delaware, Maryland, North Carolina, Georgia, Kentucky, Tennessee, Louisiana, 
and Florida,— 163 votes. Lewis Cass received the entire vote of Maine, New Hamp- 
shire, Virginia, South Carolina, Ohio, Mississippi, Indiana, Illinois, Alabama, Mis- 
souri, Arkansas, Michigan, Texas, Iowa, and Wisconsin, — 127 votes. Millard Fill- 
more was elected Vice-President, receiving 163 votes ; while William O.Butler received 
127. The Electors were :— 

Maine. 
Rufas Mclntire, Thomas D. Robinson. 

1. H. J. Anderson, 4. A. Masters, 6. Asa Clark, 

2. A. Wiswell, 5. E. L. Osgood, 7. D. R. Straw. 

3. O. L. Sanborn, 



Samuel Tilton, 

1. Joseph H. Smith, 

2. J. Eastman, 



New Hampshire. 



3. R. H. Ayer, 



Jesse Bowers. 

4. Simeon Warner. 



Levi Lincoln, 

1. F. Dwight, 

2. D. Adams, 

3. Albert Fearing, 

4. Isaac Livermore, 



« Massachusetts. 

5. B. F. Thomas, 

6. M. Lawrence, 

7. A. Howland, 



David Pingree. 

8. H. A. S. Dearborn, 

9. William Baylies, 
10. William K. Easton. 



484 



STATISTICAL BECOBDS. 



Ehode Island. 
William Sprague, 
1. J. T. Ehodes, 2. E. Babcock. 

Connecticut. 
Thomas S. Williams, 

1. Solomon Olmsted, 3. John McClellan, 

2. E. Jacksou, 



Georare G. King. 



Thomas W. Williams. 
4. J. B. Ferris. 









Vermont. 






Erastns Fairbanks, 






Timothy FoUett, 


1. 


George T. Hodges, 


3. 


A. L. Catliu, 


4. E. Cleveland. 


2. 


A. Tracy, 

H. II. Eoss, 




New Yokk. 


George Griswold. 


1. 


A. T. Eose, 


18. 


J. McKie, 


24. B. F. Harwood, 


2. 


George Benson, 


14. 


B. J. Clark, 


25. S. Francher, 


3. 


J. M." Cross, 


15. 


S. Freeman, 


26. J. Davenport, 


4. 


J. C. Cruger, 


16. 


J. A. Collier, 


27. E. Sheldon, 


5. 


D. Lord, 


17. 


I. C. Duff, 


28. D. E. Sill, 


G. 


T. D. Bull, 


18. 


J. Bradley, 


29. M. Butterfield, 


7. 


Jo. Hoxie, 


19. 


William B. Welles, 


30. William Kelchum, 


8. 


J. S. Smith. 


20. 


Daniel Larkin, 


31. E. D. Smith, 


9. 


J. Whittemore, 


21. 


Charles E. Barstow, 


32. 0. V. Haskell, 


10. 


Eobert Dorian, 


22. 


0. Poole, 


33. Asa Chatfleld, 


11. 


J. Seymour, 


23. 


D. Kellogg, 


34. Solomon Parmalee. 


12. 


C. F. Crosby, 




New Jersey. 





John Eunk, 

1. J. Brick, 

2. Eobert Y. Armstrong, 



3. Charles Burroughs, 

4. C. Howell, 



Isaac V. Brown. 

5. Peter I. Ackerman. 



Pennsylvania. 
Thomas M. T. McKennan, 
John P. Sanderson, 9. Thomas W. Duffield, 

10. William Mcllvaine, 

11. J. Dungan, 

12. Charles W. Fisher, 

13. Daniel E. Hitner, 

14. A. G. Curtin, 

15. J. D. Steele, 

16. Thomas E. Davidson, 



1 

2. W. G. Hurly, 

3. J. G. Clarkson, 

4. Francis Tyler, 

5. J. P. Wetherill, 

6. H. Johnson, 

7. J. M. Davis, 

8. AYilliam Calder, 



Charles Snyder. 

17. I. Laudes, • 

18. Joseph Markle, 

19. Joseph Schomacher, 

20. David Agnew, 

21. A. M. Loomis, 

22. Thomas H. Sill, 

23. Eichard Irwin, 

24. Samuel A. Purviance. 



P. Eeybold, 
1. G. H. Wright. 

W. L. Gaither, 

1. Joseph S. Cottman, 

2. J. P. Eomau, 



Delaware. 



Maryland. 



3. J. M. S. Causin, 

4. J. M. Starris, 



Samuel Cotts. 



A, G. Ege. 

6. B. C. Wicker, 
6. J. C. Dei'ickson. 



J. S. Millson, 

1. F. E.Eives, 

2. Henry A. Wise, 

3. H. L. Hopkins, 

4. Thomas Sloane, 

5. W. P. Bocock, 



Kenneth Eayner, 

1. Edward Stanley, 

2. W. A. Washington, 

3. George Davis, 



Virginia. 

6. G. B. Samuels, 

7. W. M. Tredway, 

8. John Letcher, 

9. S. F. Leake, 
10. John B. Floyd, 

North Carolina. 

4. J. Winslow, 

5. John Kerr, 

6. Eawley Galloway, 



Benjamin F. Perry, 

1 . Thomas Lehre, 

2. J. L. Manning, 

3. P. C. Caldwell, 



South Carolina. 

4. W. J. Hanna, 

5. N. E. Eaves, 



E. G. Scott. 

11. J. S. Barbour, Sr., 

12. A. G. Pendleton, 

13. H. A. Washington, 

14. Samuel L. Haynes. 

15. O. W. Largetit. 



H. W. Miller. 

7. Jas. W. Osborne, 
. 8. Tod E. Caldwell, 
9. John Baxton. 



Alexander Ervius. 

6. J. B. Campbell, 

7. Benjamin G. AUston. 





STATISTICAL BEGOBDS. 485 








Georgia. 






William Terrell, 






Seaton Grantland. 


1. 


H. "W. Sharpe, 


4. 


Ashbury Hull, 


7. William Moseley, 


2. 


W. Aiken, 


5. 


A. W. Redding, 


8. George Stapleton. 


3. 


William H. Crawford, 
A. Dixon, 


6. 


Y. P. King, 

Kentucky. 


M. V. Thomson. 


1. 


L. Lindsay, 


5. 


T. W. Lisle, 


8. Leslie Coombs, 


2. 


J. L. Johnson, 


6. 


M. D. McHenry, 


9. A. Trumbo, 


3. 


F. E. McLean, 


7. 


B. R. Young, 


10. W. C. Marshall. 


4. 


William Chenault, 
- James C. Jones, 




Tennessee. 


John Netherland. 


1. 


T. A. R. Nelson, 


5. 


William Kercheval, 


9. A. Goodrich, 


2. 


A. G. Watkins, 


6. 


S. E. Rose, 


10. G. D. Searcy, 


3. 


E. B. Brabson, 


7. 


J. S. Brien, 


11. C. H. Williams. 


4. 


John L. Goodall, 
L. Byington, 


8. 


William Cullom, 
Ohio. 


Samuel Starkweather. 


1. 


J. Sniden, 


8. 


D. T. Swinney, 


15. D. A. Starkweather, 


2. 


George Kesling, 


9. 


Lewis Anderson, 


16. J. B. Batler, 


3. 


J. Kinney, 


10. 


John Lidey, 


17. H. B. Payne, 


4. 


G. Volney Dorsey, 


11. 


William Lawrence, 


. 18. A. Ives, 


5. 


C. M. Godfrey, 


12. 


William J. Fry, 


19. John Caldwell, 


6. 


S. Diffenderfer, 


13. 


Joseph Burns, 


20. John Glover, 


7. 


S. M. Litteil, 

Jacques Joutant, 


14. 


W. McDonald, 
Louisiana. 


21. Van S. Murphy. 
J. P. Beniamin. 


1. 


M. J. Garcia, 


3. 


John Moore, 


4. J.G. Campbell. 


2. 


C. Adams, Jr., 

J. A. Quitman, 




Mississippi. 


J. W. Chalmers. 


1. 


D. B. Wright, 


3. 


William Mc Willie, 


4. G. W. L. Smith. 


2. 


J. A. Ventress, 

Eobert Dale Owen, 




Indiana. 


E. M. Chamberlain. 


1. 


IST. Albertson, 


5. 


James Ritchey, 


8. Daniel Mace, 


2. 


C. L. Dunham, 


6. 


George W. Carr, 


9. G. N. Fitch, 


3. 


William M. McCarty, 


7. 


I. M. Hanna, 


10. A. J. Harlan. 


4. 


Charles H. Test, 
I. Manning, 




Illinois. 


Ferris Foreman. 


1. 


M. Sweney, 


4. 


H. W. Vandervier, 


6. JM. E. Hollister, 


2. 


C. Lansing, 


6. 


S. S. Hayes, 


7. W. L. Furgerson. 


3. 


William Martin, 

John A. Winston, 




Alabama. 


Columbus W. Lee. 


1. 


J. E. Saunders, 


4. 


James Armstrong, 


6. C. C. Clay, Jr., 


2. 


Lewis M. Stone, 


5. 


J. J. Seibels, 


7. James F. Dowdell. 


3! 


Francis S. Lyon, 

J. C. Welborn, 




Missouri. 


G. D. Hall. 


1. 


Abraham McKinney, 


3. 


E. B. Ewing, 


5. TristamPolk. 


2. 


B. T. Massey, 

John Martin, 


4. 


James H. Rolfe, 
Arkansas. 


John S. Krane. 


1. 


James Yell. 

John S. Barry, 




Michigan. 


L. M. Mason. 


1. 


Kix Robinson, 


2. 


H. C. Thurber, 


3. William T. Howell. 



486 



STATISTICAL BEC0BD8. 



Jackson Morton, 
1. J. H. Mcintosh, 

James B. Miller, 
1. "VV^illiam C. Young, 



A. C. Dodge, 
1. Joseph Williams, 



F. Huebschmann, 
1. "William Dinwiddle, 



Tlokida. 

Texas. 
2. M. A. Dooley. 
Iowa. 
2. Lincoln Clark. 

Wisconsin. 
2. D. P. Mapes. 



Samuel Spencer. 
T, G. Brooks. 

J. S. Selman. 

Samuel F. Nicholas. 



SEVENTEENTH PEESIDENTIAL ELECTION— 1853. 

Franklin Pierce was elected President, receiving the entire electoral vote of 
Maine, New Hampshire, Ehode Island, Connecticut, New York, New Jersey, Pennsyl- 
vania, Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, 
Fl<^rida, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, Texas, Arkansas, Ohio, Michigan, Indiana, 
Illinois, Missouri, Iowa, Wisconsin, and California, — 254. Winiield Scott received the 
vote of Vermont, Massachusetts, Tennessee, and Kentucky, — 42. William E. King 
was elected Vice-President, receiving 254 votes ; while William A. Graham had 42. The 
Electors were: — 

Maine. 





E. Mclntire, 






J. 


C. Talbot. 


1. 


G. F. Shepley, 


3. 


J. H. Fuller, 




5. D. Eichardson, 


2. 


E. Lowell, 


4. 


, 0. Moses, 

New Hampsiuke. 




6. J. W. Tabor. 




H. Hubbard, 






L, 


, Jones. 


1. 


J. A. Douglass, 


2. 


S. Webster, 

Vermont. 




3. N. B. Baker. 




Portus Baxter, 






A, 


, P. Lyman. 


1. 


E. P. Walton, 


2. 


E. Kirkland, 

Massachusetts. 




3. L. Adams. 




E. C. Winthrop, 






J. 


H. W. Page. 


1. 


George Bliss, 


5. 


E. Torrey, 




9. J. Coggin, 


2. 


J. Gardner, 


6. 


George A. Crocker, 




10. E. Bullock, 


3. 


E. G. Shaw, 


7. 


Amos Lawrence, 




11. E. E. Colt. 


4. 


George Coggswell, 


8. 


Daniel C. Baker, 
Ehode Island. 








George Turner, 






A. 


Ballou. 


1. 


A. Eddy, 


2. 


J. Spink. 

Connecticut. 








Thomas H. Seymour, 




N. 


, Belcher. 


1. 


A. P. Hyde, 


3. 


S. Bingham, 




4. William F. Taylor. 


2. 


Charles Parker, 




New York. 








S. B. Piper, 






Charles O'Connor. 


1. 


P. S. Crooke, 


12. 


L. Van Buren, 




23. T. H. Hubbard, 


2. 


B. B. Litchfield, 


13. 


J. Pierson, 




24. T. G. McDowell, 


3.' 


E. T. Compton, 


14. 


J. W. Bishop, 




25. S. G. Hathaway, 


4. 


J. M. Marsh, 


15. 


C. Vosburgh, 




26. F. C. Divinny, 


5. 


I. Murphy, 


16. 


Thomas Crook, 




27. D. De Wolf, 


6. 


William H. Cornell, 


17. 


W. C. Grain, 




28. D. Warners, 


7. 


G. F. Conover, 


18. 


William Taylor, 




29. J. C. Collins, 


8. 


A. F. Vache, 


19. 


C. S. Grinnell, 




30. T. B. Skinner, 


9. 


E. SuflFern, 


20. 


W. C. Beardsley, 




31. William Vaudervoort, 


10. 


Alexander Thompson, 


21. 


L. J. Walworth, 




32. W. L. G. Smith, 


11. 


Zadock Pratt, 


22. 


D. A. Ogden, 




33. Benjamin Chamberlaia, 



STATISTICAL REOOBDS. 



487 



New Jersey. 
Peter D. Vroom, 

1. William S. Bowen, 3. P. B. Kennedy, 

2. G. Black, 4. J. N. Taylor, 



H. McCandless, 

1. N. B. Eklred, 

2. Peter Logan, 

8. George H. Martin, 

4. I. Miller, 

5. P. W. Bockius, 

6. E. MCoy, Jr., 

7. A. Apple, 

8 N. Strickland, 

9. A. Peters, 

J. Merritt, 
1. Henry Bacon. 

E. M. McLane, 

1. J. Parren, 

2. E. H. Alvey, 



M. Cooke, 

1. T. Eives, 

2. W. E. Flournoy, 

3. J. Goode, Jr., 

4. E. G. Scott, 
6. H. A. Wise, 

James C. Dobbin, 

1. Burton Craige, 

2. W. F. Leak, 

3. Eobert P. Dick, 



G. Cannon, 

1. J. H. Adams, 

2. E. P. W. AUston, 



Wilson Lumpkin, 

1. T. M. Poreman, 

2. E. H. Clarke, 

3. H. G. Lamar, 



Jesse Coe, 
1. J. C. Smith. 

J. A. Winston, 

1. P. S. Lyon, 

2. J. S. Seibels, 

3. C. W. Lee, 

E. C. Wilkinson, 

1. W. H. Johnson, 

2. 0. E. Singleton, 



E. Warren Moise, 

1. J. B. Plauche, 

2. Thomas O. Moore, 

George W. Smyth, 
1. L. D. Evans. 



Pennsylvania. 

10. D. Pister, 

11. E. E. James, 

12. J. McEeynolds, 

13. Pardon Damon, 

14. H. C. Eyer, 

15. J. Clayton, 

16. Isaac Eobinson, 

17. H. Petten, 

Delaware. 



Maryland. 

3. Carroll Spence, 

4. C. J. M. Gwinne, 



William Wright. 
5. E. A. Stevens. 



Eobert Patterson. 

18. J. Burnside, 

19. M. McCaslin, 

20. J. McDonald, 

21. W. S. Callahan, 

22. A. Burke, 

23. William Dunn, 

24. J. S. McCalmont, 

25. George K. Barrett. 



William I. Clark. 



C. Humphries. 

6. J. A. Wickes, 
6. E. K. WUson. 



Virginia. 

6. E. L. Montague, 

7. James Barbour, 

8. E. Tucker, 

9. George E. Deneale, 

North Carolina. 

4. A. Eencher, 

6. L. O. B. Branch, 

6. Samuel J. Person, 



A. H. Dillard. 

10. James McDowell, 

11. J. B. Floyd, 

12. M. H. Johnson, 

13. Z. Kidwell. 



William H. Thomas. 

7. D. G. W. Ward, 

8. Thomas Bragg. 



South Carolina. 

3. I. F. Marshall, 

4. M. E. Carn, 



Thomas P. Brockman. 

5. W. D. Porter, 

6. C. G. Memminger. 



Georgia. 

4. H. A. Haralson, 

6. I. E. Brown, 

6. William L. Mitchell, 

Florida. 



Alabama. 

4. L. M. Stone, 

5. James Armstrong, 

Mississippi. 

3. J. H. E. Taylor, 

4. U. S. Featherston, 

Louisiana. 
3. T. Landry, 

Texas. 



H. V. Johnson. 

7. E. W. Flournoy, 

8. William Schley. 



McQueen Mcintosh. 



E. Saunders. 

6. C. C. Clay, Jr., 

7. J. S. DowdeU. 



A. M. Jackson. 

5. Hiram Casseday. 



T. G. Davidson. 

4. E. W. Eichardson. 



E. S. Neighbors. 



488 



STATISTICAL BECOBDS. 



H. M. Eector, 
1. T. B riouruoy, 



G. A. Henry, 

1. N. G. Taylor, 

2. H. Maynard, 

3. George Brown, 

4. S. M. Fite, 

J. F. Bell, 

1. L. Anderson, 

2. J. S. McFarland, 

3. J. G. Rogers, 

4. Thomas E. Bramlette. 

W. McLean. 

1. B. Burns, 

2. J. B, Damble, 

3. Charles Eule, 

4. William Golden, 
6. G. W. Stokes, 

6. O. Keyser, 

7. R. C. Cunningham, 



J. S. Barry, 

1. A. Edwards, 

2. William McCauley, 

John Pettit, 

1. J. H. Lane, 

2. A. F. Morrison, 

3. J. F, Read, 

4. W. C. Larabee, 



J. A. McClelland, 

1. John Calhoun, 

2. E. G. Sanger, 

3. E. P. Ferry, 



E. D. Bevritt, 

1. H. F. Gary, 

2. Wm. D. McCracken, 

3. C. F. Jackson, 

J. E. Fletcher, 
1. A, Hall, 



M. M. Cothren, 
1. B. Brown, 



W. S. Sherwood, 
1. J. W. Gregory, 



Arkansas. 
2. B. T. Duval. 

Tennessee. 

5. J. Stokes, 

6. J. M. Davidson, 

7. E. R. Osborne, 



J. A. Carter. 



William T. Haskell. 

8. J. A. McEwen, 

9. A. G. Shrewsbury, 
10. J. R. Moseby. 



Kentucky. 

Charles S. Morehead. 
J. L. Helm, 8. J. Rodman, 

C. F. Burnan, 9. L. M. Cos, 

Thomas F. Marshall, 10. Thomas B. Stevenson. 



Ohio. 



8. H. J. Jewett, 

9. E. G. Dial, 

10. W. O. Key, 

11. L. H. Steedman, 

12. C. H. Mitchener, 

13. C. J. Orton, 

14. E. T. McArtor, 

Michigan. 

3. Salmer Sharpe, 

Indiana. 

6. Jas. S. Athon, 

6. George B. Buell, 

7. Jas. S. Hester, 

8. Samuel A. Hall, 

Illinois. 

4. Vierby Benedict, 
6. D. L. Gregg, 
6. E. O'Melveny, 

Missouri. 

4. J. D. Stevenson, 

5. C. F. Holly, 

Iowa. 
2. W. E. Leffingwell. 

Wisconsin. 
2. Philo White, 

California. 
2. Andrew Pico. 



William Palmer. 

15. Joseph Kyle, 

16. J. Finlejs 

17. F. Cleveland, 

18. S. D. Harris, 

19. E. T. Wilder, 

20. E. H. Haines, 

21. B. T. Johnson. 



D. J. Campau, 

4. John Stockton. 



Nathaniel Balton. 
9. E. Durnont, 

10. A. H. Brown, 

11. J. M. Talbot. 



Richard J. Hamilton. 

7. Jas. Mahon, 

8. Joseph Knox, 

9. C. A. Warren. 



Alexander Kayser. 

6. J. M. Gatewood, 

7. Robert E. Acock. 



George H. Williams. 



Charles Billinghurst. 
3. S. Clark. 



Thomas J. Henley. 



EIGHTEENTH PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION— 1857. 

James Buchanan was elected President, receiving the entire electoral vote of New 
Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, 
Kentucky, Tennessee, Louisiana, Mississippi, Indiana, Illinois, Alabama, Missouri, 
Arkansas, Florida, Texas, and California, — 173. John C. Fremont received the entire 
vote of Maine, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, Vermont, 



STATISTICAL BECOBDS. 



489 



New York, Ohio, Michigan, Iowa, and Wisconsin, — 114. Millard Fillmore received the 
vote of Maryland,— 8. John C. Breckixridge was elected Vice-President, receiving 
173 votes; while W. L. Dayton had 114, and A. J, Donelson 8. The Electors were : — 



Noah Smith, Jr., 

1. James Morton, 

2. Isaac Gross, 



Maine. 

3. K. Crockett, 

4. E. Swan, 



S. Perham. 

5. A. P. Emerson, 
■ 6. M. H. Pike. 



W. H. H. Bailey, 
1. Daniel Clark, 



Kew Hampshire. 

Thomas L. Whitton. 
2. Thomas M. Edwards, 3. J. H. White. 



W. C. Bradley, 
1. L. Brainard, 



Vermont. 
2. John Porter, 



George W. Strong. 
3. Portus Baxter. 



Thomas Colt, 

1. J. Vinson, 

2. A. B. Wheeler, 

3. G. E. RusseU, 

4. George Odiorne, 



Massachusetts. 

Julius Eockwell. 

5. L. B. Marsh, 9. J. S. C. Knowlton, 

6. George H. Devereux, 10. Charles E. Forbes, 

7. James M. Usher, 11. Franklin Eipley. 

8. J. Nesmith, 



E. W. Lawton, 
1. William P. BuUock, 



Ehode Island. 
2. William D. Bray ton. 
Connecticut. 



Isaac Saunders. 





H. Dutton, 






J. 


Catlin. 


1. 


Thomas Clark, 


3. 


Wm. A. Buckingham 


J 


4. S. W. Gold. 


2. 


E. Spencer, 




New York. 








M. H. Grinnell, 






Thomas Carnley. 


1. 


J. S. Wadsworth, 


12. 


H. H. Van Dyck, 




23. A. Davenport, 


2. 


E. Field, 


13. 


J. S. Belcher, 




24. Le Eoy Morgan, 


i'. 


M- Tompkins, 


14. 


J. C. Hulbert, 




25. E. Burnham. 


4. 


J. P. Jones. 


15. 


D. D. Conover, 




26. M. H. Lawrence, 


5. 


J. P. Stanton, 


16. 


J. D. Kingsland, 




27. J. B. Williams, 


6. 


E. Cooke. 


17. 


S. Stilwell, 




28. Isaac L. Endress, 


7. 


James Kennedy, 


18. 


D. Cady, 




29. F. Clarke, 


8. 


E. A. Barnard, 


19. 


E. S. Hughston, 




30. W. S. MaUory, 


9. 


H. Easter, 


20. 


W. S. Sayi-e, 




31. W.Keep, 


10. 


J. G. McMurray, 


21. 


J. S. Lynch, 




32. E. Wheeler, 


11. 


J. Kelly, 


22. 


D. H. Marsh, 

New Jersey. 




33. Delos E. SiU. 




E. A. Stevens, 






G. F. Fort. 


1. 


Benjamin F. Lee, 


3. 


D. Von Fleet, 




5. George W. Savage. 


2. 


H. L. Little, 


4. 


H. A. Ford, 

Pennsylvania. 








Charles E. Buckalew, 




W 


■. McCandless. 


1. 


G. W. Kebinger, 


10. 


Isaac Stenker, 




18. J. D. Eoddy, 


2. 


P. Butler, 


11. 


F. W. Hughes, 




19. J. Turney, 


3. 


E. Wartman, 


12. 


T. Osterhout, 




20. James A. T. Buchanan, 


4. 


William H. Witte, 


13. 


A. Edinger, 




21. William Wilkius, 


5. 


J. McNair, 


14. 


E. Wilbur, 




22. J. C. Campbell, 


6. 


J. H. Briuton, 


15. 


George A. Crawford, 




23. Thomas Cunningham, 


7. 


D. Laury, 


16. 


James Black, 




24. J. Keattey, 


8. 


Charles Kessler, 


17. 


H. J. Stahle, 




25. V. Ph'elps. 


9. 


James Patterson, 




Delaware. 








George C. Gordon, 


» 




H, 


, Eidgeley. 


1. 


Charles Wright. 




Maryland. 








J. D. Eoman, 






James Wallace. 


1. 


E. Goldsborough, 


3. 


C. L. L. Leary, — 




5. F. A. Schley, 


2. 


E. H. Webster, 


4. 


Thomas Swann, 




6. A. E. Sollers. 



4£ 


10 s 


TA 


TISTICAL BE COEDS. 








Virginia. 






E. W, Massenburg, 




A. H. Dillard. 


1. 


, T. II. Campbell, 


6 


. R. L. Montague, 


10. A. G. Pendelton, 


2, 


, James Garland, 


7 


. James Barbour, 


11. J. B. Floyd, 


8. 


J. Goodo, Jr., 


8, 


. J. R. Tucker, 


12. S.L.Hayes, 


4. 


Alexander Jones, 


9, 


. J. J. Harris, 


13. Sheriard Clemens. 


6. 


William B. Taliaferro. 
H. M. Shaw, 




North Carolina 


' S. P. Hill. 


1. 


W. F. Martin, 


4. 


G. II. Wilder, 


7. R P. Waring. 


2. 


William V. Blow, 


6. 


S. E. Williams, 


8. W. W. Avery. 


3. 


M. B. Smith, 
J. A. Inglis, 


6. 


Thomas Settle, Jr., 
South Carolina. 


J. L. Noell. V 


1. 


W. A. Owens, 


8. 


J. J. Pickens, 


6. F. W. Pickens. 


2. 


B. T. Watts, 

W. II. Stiles, 


4. 


J. Chestnut, Jr., 
Georgia. 


6. J. L. Manning, 
J. N. Ramsay, 


1. 


J. L. Harris, 


4. 


J. W. Lewis, 


7. J. P. Saffold, 


2. 


L. J. Gartrell, 


6. 


S. Hall, 


8. T. W. Thomas. 


8. 


Thomas M. Fournan, 
M. A. Long, 


6. 


J. P. Simmons, 
Florida. 


W. D. Barnes. 


1. 


George W. Call. 
W. L. Yancey, 




Alabama. 


J. W. A. Sandford. 


1. 


L. P. Walker, 


4. 


J. D. Bathers, 


6. W. 0. Winston, 


2. 


J. G. Barr, 


5. 


J. L. Pugh, 


7. J. L. M. Curry. 


3. 


A. B. Meek. 

C. S. Tarpley, 




Mississippi. 


J. W. Matthews. 


1. 


J. F. Cushmau, 


8. 


B. Matthews, 


6. H. T. EUett. 


2. 


J. A. Orr, 

C. J. Villerre, 


4. 


William M. Estelle, 
Louisiana. 


W. A. Elmore. 


1. 


T. Landry, 


3. 


T. 0. Moore, 


4. H. Cray. 


2. 


J. McVea, 

William K. Scurry, 


9 


Texas. 


M. D. Ector. 


1. 


A. J. Hood, 

L. H. Hempstead, 


2. 


A. J. Hamilton. 
Arkansas. 


N. B. Burrow. 


1. 


J. J. Green, 

W. H. Polk, 


2. 


J. McCoy. 

Tennessee. 


D. M. Key. 


1. 


J. G. Harris, 


5. 


J. M. McKenry, 


8. G. G. Poindexter, 


2. 


E. L. Gardenhire, 


6. 


J. H. Thomas, 


9. J. D. C. Atkins, 


3. 


S. Pawel, 


7. 


J. J. Brown, 


10. D. M. Currin. 


4. 


E. A. Keeble, 
E. Hise, 




KentucivY. 


J. A. Finn. 


1. 


J. W. Stevenson, 


6. 


George W. Williams, 


8. R. W. Wooley, 


2. 


S. Cravens, 


6. 


Benjamin F. Rice, 


9. R. II. Stanton, 


s! 


I. T. Hawkins, 


7. 


William D. Heed, 


10. Hiram Kelsey. 


4. 


B. Magotlin, 

C. B. Smith, 




Ohio. 


J. B. Stallo. 


1. 


J. Perkins, 


8. 


J. R. Hubbell, 


15. J. M. Hodge, 


2. 


K. M. Corwine, 


9. 


R. G. Pennington, 


IG. Davis Green, 


8. 


P. Odlin, 


10. 


F. Cleaveland, 


17. M. Pennington, 


4. 


J. S. Conklin, 


11. 


J. Welch, 


18. J. S. Herrick, 


6. 


William Taylor, 


12. 


D. Humphrey, 


19. A. Wilcox, 


(). 


E. P. Evans, 


13. 


H. I). Cooke, 


20. J. Dumas, 


7. 


W. H. P. Denny, 


14. 


E. Pardee, 


21. A. E. Burs. 



STATISTICAL BE00BD8. 



491 



F. C. Beamau, 

1. H. Charaberlaiu, 

2. W. H. Withney. 


3. 


Michigan. 
C. H. Miller, 


0. Johnson. 

4. Thomas J. Drake. 


G. N. Fitch, 

1. S. H. Buskirk, 

2. J. M. Hauua, 

3. W. T. Parrett, 

4. I. S. McClelland, 


5. 

6. 

7. 
8. 


Indiana. 

S. K. "Wolfe, 
0. Evarts, ; 
S. W. Short, 
F. P. Randall, 


M. M. Ray. 

9. D. D. Jones, 

10. S. Mickle, 

11. E. Johnson. 


A. M. Harrington, 

1. M. L. Joslyn, 

2. Hugh Maher, 

3. R. HoUovvay, 


4. 
6. 
G. 


Illinois. 

I. P. Richmond, 
S. W. Moulton, 
0. B. Fickliu, 


C. H. Constable. 
- 7. W, A. J. Sparks, 
8. J. A. Logan. 


D. F. Miller, 
1. W. M. Stone, 


2. 


Iowa. 
H. 0. Connor. 


H. T. Downey. 


* A. Olvera, 
1. P. Delia Torre, 


2. 


California. 
A. C. Bradford. 


George Freaner. 


1. J. B. Henderson, 

1. W. Y. Slack, 

2. J. N. Burns, 

3. J. W. Torbert, 


4. 
6. 


Missouri. 

J. T. Coffee, 
F. Kenneth, 


J. B. Benjamin. 

G. W. D. McCracken, 
7. L. Cooke. 


E. D. Holton, 
1. I. H. Knowlton,' 


2. 


Wisconsin. 
Billie Williams, 


W. D. Mclndoe. 
3. G. Menzel. 



NINETEENTH PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION— 1861. 

Abraham Lincoln was elected President, receiving the vote of California, Connect- 
icut, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, New Hamp- 
shire, New Jersey (4), New York, Ohio, Oregon, IPenusylvania, Rhode Island, Ver- 
mont, and Wisconsin, — 180. John C. Breckinridge received the vote of Alabama, 
Arkansas, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North 
Carolina, South Carolina, and Texas, — 72. John Bell received the entire vote of Ken- 
tucky, Tennessee, and "Virginia, — 39. Stephen A. Douglas received the vote of Mis- 
souri and New Jersey (3), — 12. Hannibal Hamlin was elected Vice-President, re- 
ceiving 180, while Joseph Lane received 72, Edward Everett 39, and Herschei 
V. Johnson 12. The electors were : — 



William Willis, 

1. Louis O. Cowan, 3. 

2. Daniel Howes, 4. 



Maine. 

Abner Coburn. 
George W. Pickering, 5. Andrew Peters, 
William McGilvery, 6. William M. Reed. 



John Sullivan, 
1. David Gillis, 



George Morey, 

1. James H. Mitchell, 

2. John M. Forbes, 

3. Charles Mattoon, 

4. John G. Whittier, ! 



Thomas G. Turner, 
I. Elisha Harris, 



New Hampshire. 
Nathaniel ToUes, 
Massachctsetts. 



Ebenezer Stevens. 
3. Daniel Blaisdell. 



Alfred Macy. 

5. John Nesmith, 9. Araasa Walker, 

6. Charles B. Hall, 10. Peleg W. Chandler, 

7. Reuben A. Chapman, 11. Charles Field. 

8. Gerry W. Cochrane, 



Rhode Island. 
2. David BuffUm. 



Latimer W. Ballou. 



492 



STATISTICAL BEOOBDS. 



William Henry, 
1. Joseph Warner, 



Vermont. 
2. Edward A. Calioon, 



Chauncey F. Cleveland 

1.. Samuel Austin, 3. 
2. Augustus Brandegee, 

William C. Bryant, 

1. John A. King, 12. 

2. Andrew Carrigan, 13. 

3. Frederick Kapp, 14. 

4. William A. Darling, 15, 

5. Rufus H. King, ^ 16. 

6. John F. Winslow,* 17. 

7. N. Edson Sheldon, 18. 

8. Henry Churchill, 19. 

9. Benj.N. Huntington, 20. 

10. John J. Foote, 21. 

11. William Van Marter, 22. 



William Cook, 

1. Theodore Runyon, 

2. Joseph C. Hornblower, 



James Pollock, 

1. Edward C. Knight, 

2. Robert P. King, 

3. Henry Bumni, 

4. Robert M. Foust, 

5. Nathan Hilles, 

6. John M. Broomall, 

7. James W. Fuller, 

8. David E. Stout, 

9. Francis W. Christ, 

Samuel Jefferson, 
1. Robert B. Houston. 

E. Lewis Lowe, 

1. Elias Griswold, 

2. John Brooke Boyle, 



Thomas Bruce, 

1. Lemuel J. Bowden, 

2. John J. Jackson, 

3. F. T, Anderson, 

4. B. H. Shackelford, 
6. A. B. Caldwell, 

Alfred M. Scales, 

1. John W. Moore, 

2. William B. Rodman, 

3. William A. Allen, 



Connecticut. 

Benjamin Douglas, 

New York. 

Frank L. Jones, 
Ezra M. Parsons, 
John Greiner, Jr., 
Edwards W. Fiske, 
James Kelly, 
Washington Smith, 
William H. Robertson, 
Jacob B. Carpenter, 
Jacob H. Ten Eyck, 
Robert S. Hale, 
James R. AUaben, 

New Jersey. 



3. George H. Brown, 

4, Edward W. Ivins, 

Pennsylvania. 

10. David Mumma, Jr., 

11. David Taggart, 

12. Thomas R. Hull, 

18. Francis B. Penneman, 

14. Ulysses Mercur, 

15. George Bressler, 

16. A. Brady Sharpe, 

17. Daniel O. Gehr, , 

Delaware. 



Maryland. 

3. Joshua Vansant, 

4. T. Parkin Scott, 

Virginia. 

6. L. H. Chandler, 

7. Joseph Christian, 

8. William Lamb, 

9. John R, Edmunds, 

North Carolina. 

4. A. W. Venable, 

5. J. R. McLean, 

6. John M. Clement, 



South Carolina. 
Andrew P. Calhoun, 

1. Thomas Y. Simmes, 3. George P. Elliott, 

2. John Williams, 4. Tilman Watson, 



A. H. Colquitt, 

1. Peter Cone, 

2. William M. Slaughter, 

3. O. C. Gibson, 



Georgia. 

4. Hugh Buchanan, 
6. Lewis Tumlin, 
6. Hardy Strickland, 



Henry G. Root. 

3. D. W. C. Clarke. 



Roger S. Baldwin. 

4. Frederick Wood. 



James O. Putnam. 

23. Sherman D. Phelps,^ 

24. Hiram Dewey, 

25. John E. Seeley, 

26. James S. Wadsworth, 

27. Charles C. Parker, 

28. James Parker, 

29. Sigismund Kaufmann, 

30. George M. Grier, 

31. Abijah Beckwith, 

32. James L. Voorhees, 

33. Elisha S. Whalen. 



Joel Parker. • 

6. Charles E. Elmer. 



Thomas M. Howe. 

18. Samuel Calvin, 

19. Edgar Cowan, 

20. William McKennan, 

21. John M. Kirkpatrick, 

22. James Kerr, 

23. Richard P. Roberts, 

24. Henry Souther, 

25. John Greer. 



John Mustard. 



James L. Martin. 

5. John Ritchie, 

6. James S. Franklin. 



Marmaduke Johnson. 

10. James Lyons, 

11. Richard B. Claybrook, 

12. William H. Anthony, 

13. J. W. Massie. 



Edward Nahum Haywood. 

7. J. A. Fox, 

8. John A. Dickson. 



William B. Martin. 
\ 5. Joseph F. Gist, 
6. Robert G. McCaw. 



H. R. Jackson. 

7. W. A. Lofton, 

8. William M. Mcintosh. 



STATISTICAL BEOOBDS. 



493 



TV. H. Waclsworth, 

1. Q. Q. Quigley, 5. 

2. S. A. Seavell, 6. 

3. William Sampson, 7. 

4. W. A. Hoskius, 

Bailie Peyton, 

1. J. W. Deaderich, 5. 

2. 0. P. Temple, ■ 6. 

3. Alfred Caldwell, 7. 

4. S. S. Stanton, 

Frederick Hassaurek, 

1. Benjamin Ejjgleston, 8. 

2. William M.^Dickson, 9. 

3. Frank McWhiney, 10. 

4. John Riley Knox, 11. 

5. Dresden W. H. Howard, 12. 

6. John M. Kellum, 13. 

7. Nelson Eush, 14. 



Kentucky. 

Phil Lee, 

William M. Fulkerson, 
William C. Bnllock, 

Tennessee. 

Ed. J. Golloday, 
William F. Kercheval, 
John C. Brown, 

Ohio. 

Abraham Thomson, 
John F. Henkle, 
Hezekiah S. Bundy, 
Daniel B. Stewart, 
Richard P. L. Baber, 
John Beatty, 
Willard Slocum, 



O. Rosseau, 

1. Trasimond Landry, 

2. B. B. Simmes, 

A. K. Blythe, 

1. Thomas W. Harris, 

2. Richard Harrison, 



John L. Mansfield, 

1. M. C. Hunter, 

2. Nelson Trusler, 

3. John Hanna, 

4. James N. Tyner, 



Leonard Sweet, 

1. Lawrence Weldon, 

2. James Stark, 

3. Henry P. H. Bromwell, 



David Hubbard, 

1. J. S. Dickinson, 

2. Ely S. Shorter, 

3. C. A. Battle, 



Louisiana. 
3. J. G. Olivier, 

Mississippi. 

3. P. F. Liddell, 

4. J. B. Chrisman, 

Indiana. 

5. David 0. Dailey, 

6. Will Cumback, 

7. John W. Ray, 

8. John H. Farquhar, 

Illinois. 

4. John M. Palmer, 

5. William B. Plato, 

6. William P. Kellogg, 

Alabama. 

4. J. W. Garrott, 

5. John S. Kennedy, 

Missouri. 



John B. Henderson, 

1. John B. Hale, 4. Mordecai Oliver, 

2. James F. V. Thomson, 6. E. T. Wingo, 

3. George G. Vest, 



William W. Floyd, 
1. William W. Leake, 



Hezekiah G. Wells, 

1. George W. Lee, 

2. Edward Dorsch, 



George W. Call, 
1. J. Myrick Gorrie. 

M. D. Graham, 
1. A. T. Rainey, 



Arkansas. 

2. George W. Taylor. 

Michigan. 

3. Philotas Hayden, 

Florida. 

Texas. 
2. John A. Wharton. 



E. L. Van Winkle. 

8. John M. Harlan, 

9. John B. Huston, 
10. W. S. Rankin. 



N. G. Taylor. 

8. John F. House, 

9. Alvin Hawkins, 

10. Benjamin D. Nabers. 



Joseph M. Root. 

15. Joseph Ankeny, 

16. Edward Ball, 

17. John A. Davenpoi't, 

18. William K. Upham, 

19. Samuel B. Philbrick, 

20. George W. Brooke, 

21. NorraanK. Mackenzie. 



B. Avegno. 

4. W. M. Levy. 

J. A. Green. 

5. Livingston Mims. 



Cyrus M. Allen. 

9. Reuben H. Riley, 

10. Samuel A. Huflf, 

11. Isaac Jenkinson. 



Allen C. Fuller. 

7. James C. Conkling, 

8. Thomas G. Allen, 

9. John Olney. 



John T. Morgan. 

6. R. C. Brickell, 

7. R. W. Cobb. 



Robert S. Bevier. 

6. Francis Hagan, 

7. Richard H. Stevens. 



Theodric F. Sorrels. 



Rufus Hosmer. 

4. Augustus Coburn. 



J. Patton Anderson. 
Thomas M. Waul. 



494 



STATISTICAL BECOBDS. 



Iowa. 
Fitz Henry Warren, Joseph. A. Chapline. 

1. M. L. McPherson, 2. Charles Pomeroy. 

WiSCONSIK. 

"Walter D. Mclndoe, Bradford Eixford. 

1. J. Allen Barber, 2. "William "W. Vaughan, 3. Herman Linderman. 



Calipoknia. 
Charles A. "Washburn, 
1. Charles A. Tuttle, 2. Antonio M. Pico. 

Minnesota. 
Stephen Miller, 
1. Clark W. Thompson, 2. Charles McClure. 

OREaON. 

T. J. Dryer, 
1. "William H. "Watkins. 



"W. H. Weeks. 



William Pfaender. 



B. J. Pengra. 



TWENTIETH PKESIDENTIAL ELECTION— 1865. 



Abraham Lestcoln was elected President for a second term, receiving the votes of 
Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Vermont, Connecticut, Rhode Island, New 
York, Pennsylvania, Maryland, Ohio, Indiana, Michigan, Illinois, Iowa, Minnesota, 
Wisconsin, Missouri, Kansas, West Virginia, Oregon, California, and Nevada, — 212. 
George B. McClellan received the vote of New Jersey, Delaware, and Kentucky,— 21. 
Andrew Johnson was elected Vice-President, receiving 212 ; while George H. Pendle- 
ton received 21. The Electors were ; — 



John B. Brown, 

1. R. M. Chapman, 

2. John N. Swasey, 



Daniel M. Christie, 
1. A. H. Dunlap, 



Edward Everett, 

1. Richard Borden, 

2. John M. S. Williams, 

3. Stephen M. Weld, 

4. John Wells, 

R. B. Cranston, 
1. Rouse Babcock, 



Daniel Kellogg, 
1. S. M. Dorr, 



Maine. 

3. Going Hathem, 

4. Willi^am P. Erye, 

New Hampshire. 
2. Allen Giffln, 

Massachusetts. 

5. Artemas Hale, 

6. John G. Whittier, 

7. Levi Lincoln, 

Rhode Island. 



Abner Stetson. 
5. B. P. Gilman. 



William H. Y. Haskett. 
3. Henry O. Kent. 



Whiting Griswold. 

8. George Putnam, 

9. George L. Davis, 
10. William S. Clarke, 



William L. Slater. 



2. Simeon Henry Greene. 



Vermont. 



2. R. Fletcher, 



A. L. Catlin. 

3. James W. Simpson. 



John T. Wait, 

1. James G. Batterson, 3. 

2. Frederick A. Benjamin, 

Horace Greeley, 

1. Obadiah Browne, 12. 

2. George Ricard, 13. 

3. Thomas B. Asten, 14. 

4. Guy R. Pelton, 15. 

5. Charles L. Beale, 16. 

6. Cornelius L. Allen, 17. 

7. Allen C. Churchill, 18. 

8. JohnR. Knox, 19. 

9. John E. Seeley, 20. 

10. William Bristol, 21. 

11. James S. T. Stranahan, 



Connecticut. 

Oliver P. Winchester. 
Samuel C. Hubbard, 4. Sabin L. Sayers. 

New York. 

Preston King. 
Abram J. Dittenhoefer, 22. George Opdyke, 



Isaac T. Smith, 
Alexander Davidson, 
Thaddeus Halt, 
Alonzo W. Morgan, 
Ebenezer Blakeley, 
Thomas Kingsford, 
Jedediah Dewey, 
Joseph Candee, 
William H. McKinney, 



23. James W. Taylor, 

24. John Tweddle, 

25. Hiram Horton, 

26. John Clarke, 

27. George W. Bradford, 

28. Myron H. Weaver, 

29. John P. Darling, 

30. James Alley, 

31. John W. Stebbins. 



STATISTICAL BECOBDS. 



495 



"William Paterson, 

1. Thomas McKeen, 

2. r. S. Lathrop, 



New Jersey. 

Furman L. Mulford. 

3. ■William P. McMichael, 5. Charles E. Cornwall, 

4. John McGregor, 



Morton McMichael, 

1. E. P. King, 

2. "William H. Kern, 

3. Eobert Parlie, 

4. Edward Halliday, 

5. Charles H. Shriner, 

6. D. W. "Woods, 

7. Samuel B. Dick, 

8. Everard Bierer, 



Victor DuPont, 
Harberson Hickman. 

W. J. Albert, 
"W. H. "W. Farrow, 
Isaac Nesbit, 



PENNSYLVAJSriA. 

9. Morrison Coates, 

10. Barton H. Jenks, 

11. William Taylor, 

12. Charles F. Eead, 

13. John P. Clark, 

14. Isaac Benson, 

15. John P. Penney, 

16. Eichard H. Coryell, 

Delaware. 



Maryland. 



Thomas Cunningham. 

17. Henry Huram, 

18. C. M. Eunk, 

19. John A. Hiestand, 

20. Elias "W. Hale, 

21. D. McConaughy, 

22. JohnPatton, 

23. C. McJunkin, 

24. J. W. Blanchard. 



Ayers Stockley. 



Henry H. Goldsborough. 

3. William Smith Reese, 5. E. Stockett Matthews. 

4. George W. Sands, 



Kentucky. 
Thornton F. Marshall, 
T. A. Duke, 4. B. C. Eitter, 

William Barbour, 5. B. F. Bullode, 

G. S. Shanklin, 6. H. Taylor, 

Ohio. 



John B. Huston. 

7. F. L. Cleveland, 

8. A. H. Ward, 

9. G. W. Dunlap. 



John M. Connell, 

1. John K. Green, 8. 

2. Stephen Johnston, 9. 

3. Henry W. Smith, 10. 

4. William Sheffield, 11. 

5. James E. Stanberg, 12. 

6. Lorenzo Danford, 13. 

7. Abner Kellogg, 

David S. Gooding, 

1. James C. Dennis, 5. 

2. Leonidas Sexton, 6. 

3. Jonathan J. Wright, 7. 

4. James B. Belford, 8. 



John Dougherty, 

1. Benjamin M. Prentiss, 6, 

2. M. T. Hopkins, 7. 

3. William Walker, 8. 

4. James C. Conkling, 9. 

5. N. M. McCurdy, 10. 



Stanley Matthews, 
William L. Walker, 
Ozias Bowen, 
George A. Walker, 
John H. McCombs, 
John McCook, 



John P. Buhn. 

14. Lewis B. Yunckel, 

15. Mills Gardner, 

16. Jacob Scraggs, 

17. Henry F. Page, 

18. Frederick W. Wood, 

19. Seth Marshall. 



iNDLiNA. 

E. W. Thompson. 
John M. Wallace, 9. Timothy E. Dickinson, 

Cyrus T. Nixon, 10. H. E. Pritchard, 

Benjamin F. Claypool, 11. Eobert P. Davidson. 
John Osborn, 



Illinois. 

James S. Poage, 
Thomas W. Harris, 
Zelotes S. Clifford, 
John V. Farwell, 
Henry S. Baker, 



Missouri. 
C. D. Drake, 

1. Lucien Eaton, 4. Barnabas Smith, 

2. Harrison J. Lindenbower, 5. W. Smith Ingham, 

3. J. C. Parker, 6. Joseph C. Kilian, 

Michigan. 
Eobert E. Beecher, 

1. Thomas D. Gilbert, 3. F. Walldorf, 

2. O. D. Conger, 4. George W. Back, 



William W. Field, 

1. George C. Northrop, 

2. Henry J. Turner, 



Wisconsin. 

3. Jonathan Bowman, 

4. Henry F. Belitz, 



Francis A. Hoffman. 

11. Austin S. Miller, 

12. John J. Bennett, 

13. Franklin Blades, 

14. John "V". Eustace. 



S. 0. Scofield. 

7. G. E. Smith, 

8. C. Carpenter, 

9. Thomas G. C. Fagg. 



Marsh Giddings. 

5. Christian Eberbach, 

6. J. Eugene Teuuey. 



Henry L. Blood. 

5. Allen Warden, 

6. Alexander S. McDill. 



496 



STATISTICAL BE COEDS. 



Iowa. 
Charles Benjamin Darwin, 

1. John Van Volkenburg, 3. Samuel S. Burdett, 

2. G. C. Mudgett, 4. B. T. Hunt, 



Warner Oliver, 
1. C. Maclay, 



Califoknia. 

2. Samuel Brannan, 

Minnesota. 



Charles H. Lindsley, 
1. J. G. Betze, 2. J, W. Morford. 



Kansas. 

Okegon. 

West Virginia. 

2. Edward C. Bunker, 

Nevada. 
Alexander W. Baldwin, 
[This State was entitled to a third Elector; but 
tending the College of Electors.] 



R. McBratney, 
1. Chester Thomas. 



James F. Gazley, 
1. George L. Wood. 



Ellery R. Hall, 
1. J. H. Atkinson, 



William Thompson. 

6. Frank W. Palmer, 
6. Henry C. Henderson. 



William W. Crane. 
3. J. G. McCallum. 



J. N. Murdoch. 



W. F. Cloud. 



H. N. George. 



William E. Stevenson. 
3. Robert S. Brown. 



Stephen T. Gage, 
the person chosen died before at- 



THE SUPEEME COURT OF THE UNITED STATES. 

[officially pkbpaeed foe this work.] 
CHIEF JUSTICES. 

John Jay, of New York, appointed and confirmed September 26, 1789. Resigned. 

John Rutledge, of South Carolina, appointed July 1, 1795, in recess of Senate, and 
presided on the bench at August Term, 1795. Nominated December 10, and rejected 
by the Senate December 15, 1795. 

William Gushing, of Massachusetts. Nomination confirmed and appointed Janu- 
ary 27, 1796. Declined. He was then an Associate Justice. 

Oliver Ellsworth, of Connecticut. Nomination confirmed and appointed March 
4, 1796. He presided on the bench at -the August Terra, 1799. Resigned. 

John Jay, of New York. Nomination confirmed and appointed, December 19, 1800. 
Declined. 

John Marshall, Secretary of State.* Nomination confirmed January 31, 1801. 
Died. 

Roger B. Taney, of Maryland. Nomination confirmed and appointed March 15, 1836. 
Died. 

Salmon P. Chase, of Ohio, appointed and confirmed December 6, 1864. 



ASSOCIATE JUSTICES. 



John Rutledge, of South Carolina, 
ber 26, 1789. Resigned. 



Nomination confirmed and appointed Septem- 



* John Marshall, Secretary of State, was nominated to the Senate, as Chief Justice, January 20, 1801, 
•was conflrmed on the 27th, commissioned on the 31st, and presided on the bench of the Supreme Court from 
the 4th to the 9th of February, or during February Term, 1801. From a message of the President to Con- 
gress, accompanied by a report from John Marshall, Secretary of State, dated February 27, 1801, it ap- 
pears that he also continued to act in the latter capacity until that day, and, from other circumstances, 
that he continued to act as such until March 3, 1801, on which day the then administration terminated. 



STATISTICAL BECOBDS. 497 



William Gushing, of Massachusetts. Nomination confirmed September 26, and ap- 
pointed September 27, 1789. Died. 

John Blair, of Virginia. Nomination confirmed September 26, and appointed Sep- 
tember 30, 1789. Resigned. 

Robert H. Harrison, of Maryland. Nomination confirmed September 26, 1789. Re- 
signed. 

James Iredell, of North Carolina. Appointed in recess of Senate. Nomination 
confirmed and appointed February 10, 1790. Died. 

Thomas Johnson, of Maryland. Appointed August 5, 1791, in recess of Senate. 
Nomination confirmed and appointed November 7, 1791. Resigned. 

William Paterson, Governor of New Jersey. Nomination confirmed and appointed 
March 4, 1793. Died. 

Samuel Chase of Maryland. Nomination confirmed and appointed January 27, 1796. 
Died. 

Bushrod Washington, of Virginia. Appointed September 29, 1798, in recess of 
Senate. Nomination confirmed and appointed December 30, 1798. Died. 

Alfred Moore, of North Carolina. Nomination confirmed and appointed Decem- 
ber 10, 1799. Resigned. 

William Johnson, of South Carolina. Nomination confirmed and appointed March 
26, 1804. Died. 

Thomas Todd, of Kentucky. Nomination confirmed March 2, and appointed March 
3, 1807. 

Brockholst Livingston, of New York. Appointed November 10, 1806, in recess 
Df Senate. Nomination confirmed and appointed December 17, 1806. Died. 

Levi Lincoln, of Massachusetts. Nomination confirmed and appointed January 3, 
1811. Declined. 

John Quincy Adams, of Massachusetts. Nomination confirmed and appointed Feb- 
ruary 22, 1811. Declined. 

Joseph Story, of Massachusetts. Nomination confirmed and appointed November 
18, 1811. Died. 

Gabriel Duval, of Maryland. Nomination confirmed and appointed November 18, 
1811. Resigned. 

Smith Thompson, of New York. Appointed September 1, 1823, in recess of the 
Senate. Nomination confirmed and appointed December 9, 1823. Died. 

Robert Trlaible, of Kentucky. Nomination confirmed and appointed May 9, 1826. 
Died. 

John McLean, of Ohio. Nomination confirmed and appointed March 7, 1829. 
Died. 

Hentiy Baldwin, of Pennsylvania. Nomination confirmed and appointed January 
6, 1830. Died. 

James M. Wayne, of Georgia. Nomination confirmed and appointed January 9, 
1835. 

Philip P. Barbour, of Virginia. Nomination confirmed and appointed March 15, 
1836. Died. 

John Catron, of Tennessee. Nomination confirmed and appointed March 8, 1837. 
Died May 80, 1863. 

William Smith, of Alabama. Nomination confirmed and appointed March 8, 1837. 
Declined. 

John McKinley, of Alabama. Appointed April 22, 1837, in recess of the Senate. 
NominatioQ confirmed and appointed September 25, 1837. 

Peter V. Daniel, of Virginia. Nomination confirmed and appointed March 3, 1841. 
Died. 

Samuel Nelson, of New York. Nomination confirmed and appointed February 14, 
1845. 

Levt Woodbury, of New Hampshire. Appointed September 20, 1845, in recess of 
the Senate. Nomination confirmed and appointed January 3, 1846. Died. 

Robert C. Grier, of Pennsylvania. Nomination confirmed and appointed August 4, 
1846. 

Benjamin Robbins Curtis, of Massachusetts. Appointed during the recess of the 
Senate. Nomination confirmed and appointed December 20, 1851. Resigned. 

James A. Campbell, of Alabama. Appointed March 22, 1853. Resigned. 

Nathan Clifford, of Maine. Appointed January 28, 1858. 

Noah H. Sw vyne, of Ohio. Appointed January 4, 1862. ^ 

Samuel H. Miller, of Iowa. Appointed July 16, 1862. 

David Davis, of Illinois. Appointed December 8, 1862. 

Stephen J. Field, of California. Appointed March 10, 1863. 
32 



498 STATISTICAL BEC0BD8. 



JUSTICES OF THE SUPREME COURT WHO HAVE NOT 
BEEN IN CONGRESS. 

[Although a large majority of the men who have occupied seats on the Bench of the 
Supreme Court, also served their country as Senators or Eepresentatives, it is due to 
the remainder that the following notices should be submitted to the reader, for pur- 
poses of reference.] 

Blair, John,— He was born in Virginia, in 1732 ; in 1787 he was appointed Judge of 
the Court of Appeals, of Virginia; was a member of the "General Convention " called 
to form the Constitution of the United States ; was appointed by Washington a Justice 
of the Supreme Court of the United States in 1789, which position he held until 1796, 
when he resigned ; and he died in 1800. 

Campbetx, John Akchibald. — Bom in "Washington Willies County, Georgia, June 
24, 1811,— his grandfather having served in the Revolution as Aide-de-camp to General 
Nathaniel Greene. He graduated at the University of Georgia in 1826 ; studied law and 
came to the bar in Montgomery, Alabama, in 1830, — practising the profession for 
many years with success. In 1853 he was appointed, by President Pierce, an Associate 
Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, which office he resigned in 1861, 
after the commencement of the Rebellion. He was opposed to the Secession of Ala- 
bama, and in 1864 did all in his power to bring the war to a close ; and after the war he 
resumed the, practice of his profession in the City of New Orleans. 

Catron, John. — He was born in Wythe County, Virginia, in 1778 ; received a com- 
mon-school education, and removed to Tennessee, in 1812; served with General Jack- 
son in the New Orleans campaign ; studied law, and soon after coming to the bar was 
appointed Attorney for the State ; in 1818 he settled in Nashville, and obtained a high 
reputation as a chancery lawyer; in 1824 he was appointed one of the Judges of the 
.Supreme Court of the State; and in 1837 he was appointed, by President Van Buren, a 
.-Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, which position he held until his 
ideath, which occurred at Nashville, May 30, 1865. 

Curtis, Benjamin Robbins. — He was born in Watertown, Massachusetts, November 
4, 1809 ; graduated at Harvard University, in 1829 ; studied law and came to the bar in 
1832 ; and has been closely devoted to his profession ever since ; he settled in Boston, 
and served two years in the State Legislature ; and in 1851 he was appointed, by Presi- 
dent Fillmore, a Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, which he resigned 
in 1857. In March, 1868, he acted as one of the Counsel for President Andrew John- 
son, before the High Court of Impeachment. 

CusHiNG, William.— He was born in 1733 ; graduated at Harvard College in 1751 ; in 
.177,2 he became Judge of the Superior Court of Massachusetts; in 1777 promoted to 

Chief Judge; and in 1789 he was appointed, by President Washington, a Justice of the 
' Supreme Court of the United States, in wliich position he continued until his death in 
:1810. sin 1796 he was tendered the position of Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, but 

declined the promotion. He received from Harvard College the degree of LL.D. 

Daniel, Peter Vyvian.— He was born in Stafford County, Virginia, in 1785; 
.graduated at Princeton College in 1805 ; studied law with Edmund Randolph, and came 
to the bar in 1808; was a member of the State Legislature in 1809 and 1810; in 1812 
he was a member of the Privy Council, and served as such until 1835 ; and frequently 
as Lieutenant-Governor; was tendered the office of Attorney-General of the United 
States by President Jackson, but declined the appointment; in 1836 he was appointed 
Judge of the United States District Court for Virginia; and in 1840 he was appointed, 
)by President Van Buren, a Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. Died 
in 1860. 

« 
Davis, David.— He was born in Cecil County, Maryland, March 9, 1815 ; graduated 
at Kenyon College, Ohio, in 1832; studied law in Massachusetts, and went through a 
legal course at the Law School of New Haven ; in 1835 he removed to Illinois, and was 
immediately admitted to the bar, and soon afterwards settled in Bloomington. In 1844 
he was. elected to the State Legislature ; in 1847 to the Convention which formed the 
preseit State Constitution; in 1848 lie was elected by the people Judge of the Eighth 
Judicial Circuit cif the State ; re-elected in 1855 and also in 1861, but, before completing 
,:his last. term,. Jie. was appointed, by President Lincoln, a Justice of the Supreme 



STATISTICAL BEGOBDS. 409 



Court of the United States. He was for many years the intinaate friend of Abraham 
Lincoln, rode the circuit with him every year, and he was a Delegate at large to the 
"Chicago Convention " of 1860, which nominated Mr. Lincoln for President. Just 
before euteinng upon his duties as a Justice of the Supreme Court he was appointed a 
visitor to the West Point Academy. 

Field, Stephen J. — He was born in Haddam, Connecticut, November 4, 1816, and 
his father was David Dudley Field; while yet a youth he travelled in Europe and the 
East; graduated at Williams College, in 1837; studied law in New York City with his 
brother, David Dudley, with whom he formed a law partnership ; in 1848 he made a 
second visit to Europe; towards the close of 1849 he went to California; in January, 
1850, he was elected First Alcalde of the city of Marysville, and continued the practice 
of his profession; in October of the same year he was elected to the Legislature, 
where he took a leading part in moulding the Judiciary of the State ; in 1857 he was 
elected a Judge of the Supreme Court of California for six years, and was elevated to 
the position of Chief Justice ; and in 1863 he was appointed, by President Lincoln, a 
Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. In the discharge of his official 
duties, he is obliged to travel annually over thirteen thousand miles. He is a brother 
of Cyrus W. Field, the distinuished projector of the Atlantic Telegraph. 

Grier, Egbert C. — He was boi*n in Cumberland County, Pennsylvania, March 5, 
1794; graduated at Dickinson College in 1812; studied law and came to the bar in 
1817, practising his profession in Northumberland, Columbia, Lycoming, Union, and 
Schuylkill Counties ; was appointed President Judge of Alleghany County in 1833, 
when he became a resident of Pittsburgh; and in 1846 he was appointed, by Pr-esident 
Polk, an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, and since 1848 
he has been a resident of Philadelphia. 

Harrison, Robert H. — He was born in Maryland in 1745; served with honor in the 
War for Independence ; studied law and practised the profession with success ; was 
chosen Chief .Justice of tlie General Court of Maryland; and in 1789 he was appointed, 
by President Wasiiington, a Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, but 
soon resigned the position. Died in Charles County, Maryland, April 2, 1790. 

Johnson, William. — He was born in Charleston, South Carolina, December 27, 1771 ; 
graduated at Princeton College in 1790; studied law and came to the bar in 1792; was 
elected to the State Legislature in 1794; re-elected and made Speaker; was subse- 
quently chosen a Judge of the Circuit Court of the State ; and in 1804 he was ap- 
pointed, by President Jefferson, a Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, 
which he held until his death, which occurred in New York, August 4, 1834, from the 
effects of a surgical operation. In 1819 he was appointed and confirmed as Collector 
of Charleston, which office he declined. In 1822 he published " The Life and Services 
of Nathaniel Greene," in two volumes. 

Livingston, Brockholst. — Born in 1758; graduated at Princeton College in 1774; 
served with Arnold at the capture of Burgoyne in 1779 ; was Private Secretary to John 
Jay during his mission to Spain; studied law and came to the bar in 1783; in 1802 he 
became Judge of the Supreme Court of New York; and in 1806 he was appointed, by 
President Jefferson, a Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. Died in 
1823. 

Miller, Samuel F. — He was born in Richmond, Kentucky, April 5, 1816; graduated 
at the University of Transylvania, and, after taking the degree of Doctor of Medicine, 
practised the profession a few years, and then turned his attention to the law ; having 
been from 1848 in favor of emancipation, and, though generally taking no part in pol- 
itics, the course of public affairs caused him to remove from the State in 1850, when 
he settled in Iowa and became one of the leaders of the Republican party in that 
State ; desiring no local or State offices, and declining many nominations, he attended 
wholly to his profession ; and in 1862 he was appointed, by President Lincoln, a Justice 
of the Supreme Court of the United States. 

Moore, Alfred. — He was born in North Carolina, May 21, 1755 ; educated in Bos- 
ton, where he acquired a love and a knowledge of military tactics ; in 1775 he joined 
the Continental troops of his own State and rendered important services; in 1790 he 
was made Attorney-General of his State ; studied law and became an eminent prac- 
titioner at the bar; in 1798 he was made a State Judge; in 1799 ho was appointed, by 
President Adams, a Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, and, after serv- 
ing as such for six years, lie resigned on account of his health. Died in October, 1810; 
and a county was named for him in his native State. 



500 STATISTICAL liUCOEDS. 



NKU80N. Sami'KI.. — llo was boni in Hobrou, Wjishluirton Oounty, No>y York, No- 
vember 10, 17l>-*, i>f Irish dosi'iMit ; iinuluatoil at MUKl'obury (.\>lli\uo, Venuont, iu 
181,^5; stiuiUnl law aiul oai\>o to tho bar of Now York in 1817: locatoil Ulnisolf in Oort- 
land (.\»«iit>. wlioro l\o praotisoil bis protV'ssiovi \vltl\ .4irt>at siioi-oss; li» lSiH> ho was 'a 
Vrosliioutlal Kloi-tor; was a IH'lojiato to tho •• Stato (."oustitntiinial ("onvoiitiou" of 
18-1; liuriuij tlio samo yoar was appoiutod r«>stiuastor of ('ortlauil Villago ; ii» lv^'.*!> 
ho was mado si .Uuiiio of tho riroiiit l\>iu'i, wliioh ho holil t\>r ois;ht yoars; iu 1S;>1 ho 
wtvs apiHiiiitoii I) Jiuii;o o[' tho Siiprouio I'ourt of tho Stato; In 18;>7 l\o was niado Ohlol" 
Jnstloo and liolil tlio |>osltiiMi until K^l.">, whon ho was appointod, by Trosidont Tylor, a 
JusMoo of tho Suprouio (,\>urt of tho I'nitod Statos. In lSli> ho was olootod a Uole- 
gftto to tho •• Stato C'onvtMUiiMi '" of tliat yoar, but doolinod to sorvo. llo rooolvod the 
doiiroo of lil..n. tVom Middlobury C'olloiio. l\>luuibia OoUoijo, and tionova ToUojio, and 
ft skotoh of his oaroor was puMishod in ilio •• Vionoors of C'ortland (.\)nnty," by 11. 0. 
Goodwin. 

SwAYNK, >\OAu H.— [ rho odltor very muoh roj>rots that a skotoh of this uontloman, 
proniisod to hlni jiuno than a year ayo, >v.hs not ivoolvod in time for tlio present 
edition.] 

Tan»:y, IvOOKK 1^— Ho was born in Calvert County, Maryland. Alaroh 17, 1777; crrad- 
uatod at Piokiusou Collouo in I7i',">; studied law and oanio to tho bar in 17!>;»; In 1801 
ho was olootod to tho Stato .\ssonibly and settled at Fro«ioriok; snbsonueutly served 
tbur yeai-s In the State Senate, and removed to Baltimore In 18-1'; in 1827 he was 
chosen Attornoy-Oeneral i>f Maryland; In 18;>1 he was appointod Attorney-General of 
tlio Vnited States in President .laekson's Cabinet; was also appointed Soorelary of tho 
TiTasnry, but rejeoted by tho Senate; was appointed a .lustioe of tho Snprou\o Court 
of the Unito^l Statos, but a^ain rejootod by tho Senate; ami in 18;>(! he was appointod, 
by Vrosidont .laeksou, (.Miiof .histioo ol' tlio Suprouio Court of tlioruitod Statos. iu tho 
piaeo of John Marsliall, wl\ioh otlloo lu» tilled with aokuowlodued ability until liis itoath, 
Whioh ooourred in \Yashiuuton City, Ootober li', 18(54. Some of his ilooisions, as a 
Cabinet otlloor and especially as Chiel" Justice, excited grt^at iiUerest thivuijhout. the 
coautry. 

Tmnu'soN, SMirti. — Born In Now York in 17t>7; jjraduated at Nassau ITill In 1788; 
adopted the profession of law ; In 1801 he was appointed a Judjio of the Supreme 
Court of Now York; in 1814 iMiiof Justice of tho Stato. whioh ho held until 181S. when 
ho booamo Soorotary of tho Navy ; and in l8-;> ho was appointod a Justice of the Su- 
preme C'onrt of tho I'nitod States. He reoelved tVom rrlncotou and Harvard C'ollojios 
the degive of LL.n., and died at rong-hkeepsie, New York, December 18, 184;5. 

Toin>, Thomas.— Horn iu Kini; and Queen Connty. Vlrsrinla, January 38, 17i;.">; iv- 
colved a jiood education: served as a substitute in the Ivovolutiouary \Yar; em- 
isrratod to Uoutucky iu 178:'; became a tutor in the house of a tViend, studied law, and 
was Clerk of tlio Federal Court of Kentucky and also of tho Court i>f .Vppoals; in 1801 
he was appointod Judsro of tlie Court of Appeals; In 180i! pi'omoted to Chief Justioe; 
and in 1807 he was appointed, by rrosidont JetlVi-son, a Justice of the Supremo Court 
of the Vnited Stales, l^ied February 7. lj<it>. 

'nuMBi.K. 1^>BKKT.— Born in Berkley Connty. Virjiinla. in 1776; i-eeelved a jrood 
plain education; stndiod law, came" to the bar iii 180;>. and settled In Kentucky; 
was soon afterwards elected to the State l.ojiisiature ; In 1808 ho was chosen Judjio of 
tlie Court of Appeals, but soon resiijued the position; in 1810 ho was made (.Muef Jus- 
tice of the Stato: in 181^ IMstriot Attorney for tho State; In 18U! ho was appointed 
Fiedend Judije of Kontnoky by rrosidont >iadison, and in 182i> he was appointed, by 
Vivsident J. Q. Adams, a hist ice of the Suprouu> Court of the United SUites. A couvi- 
ty was i\amed for him iu Kentucky, aiul he died August l^^, 1838. 

\Vashixoih>x. BvsiiROi^.— Born in Westmoivland Connty, Ylrjjlnia; educated at 
William and Mviry ColU\sro: studied law, and. on comlns; to' tho bar, practised in his 
native county; in 1781 he was a member of tl»e House of Oolojrates; subsequently 
published two volumes of tho Decisions of tho Supreme Court of Yirsiiuia; and in 
I7l>8 ho was appointod, by rrosidont Ailams. a Justice of the Supreme Court of the 
United States. Died in 183i>, He was tho favorite itephow of Ceorifo ^Yashingtou, 
tlie devisee of Mount Yernou, and a man of ability and high chaxn\cter. 



STATISTICAL liECORBS. 5OI 



CLERKS OF THE SUPREME COURT OF THE UNITED 

STATES. 

John Tuckkk, of Massachusetts, appointed Februarys, 1790. Resigned. 
Samuki. Bayai{1>, of Delaware, app(/inted Au.<j;ust 1, 1791. Resigned. 
ErjAS IJ. CALDWKLf., of Nevv Jersey, appointed August 15, 1800. Died. 
William Guna<'rrii, of New Jersey, appointed February 9, 1826. Died. 
William T. Cakuoll, District of Columbia, appointed January 20, 1827. Died. 
T. Wkslky Miudleton, District of Columbia, appointed in 1802. Present incum- 
bent. 



REPORTERS OF DECISIONS OF THE SUPREME COURT. 

Alexander J. Dallas, reported from 1789 to 1800, inclusive. 

William CuANCii, " " 1801 to 1815, " 

Henky Wiieaton, " " 1810 to 1827, " 

Rich All I) I'ktuks, Jr., " " 1828 to 1842, " 

BKN.IAMIN C. Howard, " " 1843 to 1802, " 

Jkrkmiaii S. Black, " " 1802 to 18G4, " 

John William Wallace, " " 1864. Present incumbent. 



MARSHALS OF THE UNITED STATES ATTENDANT ON 
THE SUPREME COURT. 

Under the construction of the Judiciary Act of 1789, the Marshals of all the DMrir.is 
were required to attend the sessions of the .Supreme Court, until, by the Act of June 9, 
1794, the Marshal of the District alone in which the Court shall sit was required to at- 
tend its sessions. 

David Lknox, Marshal of the District of Pennsylvania, attended from January 28, 
1794, to February, 1801. 
Daniel Carroll Brent, Marshal of the District of Columbia, attended from August 

3, 1801, to August, 1808. 

Wasiiinoton Boyd, Marshal of the District of Columbia, attended from February, 1, 
1808, to August, 1818. 

Tench Ringgold, Marshal of the District of Columbia, attended from November 30, 
1818, to August, 1831. 

IIenky Ashton, Marshal of the District of Columbia, attended from February 4, 
1831, to February, 1834. 

Alexander IlaNTicR, Marshal of the District of Columbia, attended from Marcli 6, 
1834, to December, 1848. 

RoiJKRT Wallacio, Marshal of the District of Columbia, attended from December 5, 
1848, to December, 1849. 

Richard Wallacii, Marshal of the District of Columbia, attended from December 

4, 1849, to May, 1853. 

Jonah 1). Hoover, Marshal of the District of Columbia, attended from May 31, 18.53, 
to April, 1858. 

William Selden, Marshal of the District of Columbia, attended from April 1, 1858, 
to 1801. 

Ward II. Lamon, Marshal of the District of Columbia, attended from 1861 to June, 
18G5. 

D. S. Gooding, Marshal of the District of Columbia, attended from June, 1866, to 
April 3, 1867. 

Richard C. Parsons, Marshal of the Supreme Court, appointed April 3, 1867. 

[Court meets first Monday in December, at Washington.] 



UNITED STATES COURT OF CLAIMS. 

Chief Justice Joseph Casey. 

Judge Ed ward G. Loring. 

Judge David Wilmot. 

Judge Ebenezer Peck. 

Judge C. C. Nott. 



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a es 



STATISTICAL BEQOBDS. 523 



THE DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE. 



PROCEEDINGS IN THE CONGEESS OF THE UNITED COLONIES RESPECTING "a DECLARA- 
TION OF INDEPENDENCE, BY THE KBPRE8BNTATIVES OF THE UNITED STATES OP 
AMERICA, IN CONGRESS ASSEMBLED." 



SATURDAY, June 8, 1776. 



Besolved, That the resolutions respecting independency be referred to a Committee 
of the whole Congress. 

The Congress then resolved itself into a Committee of the Whole ; and, after some 
time, the President resumed the chair, and Mr. Harrison reported, that the Committee 
have taken into considei'ation the matter to them referred, but, not having come to any 
resolution thereon, directed him to move for leave to sit again on Monday. 

Besolved, That this Congress will, on Monday nest, at io o'clock, resolve itself into 
a Committee of the Whole, to take into further consideration the resolutions referred 
to them. • -.,... 

Monday, June 10, 1776. 

Agreeable to order, the Congress resolved itself into a Committee of the Whole, to 
take into their further consideration the resolutions to them referred ; and, after some 
time spent thereon, the President resumed the chair, and Mr. Harrison reported that 
the Committee have had under consideration the matters referred to them, and have . 
come to a resolution thereon, which they directed him to report. 
The resolution agreed to in Committee of the Whole being read, — 
Besolved, That the consideration of the tirst resolution be postponed to Monday, the 
first day of July nest ; and in the meanwhile, that no time be lost, in case the Congress 
agree thereto, that a Committee be appointed to prepare a declaration to the effect of 
the said first resolution, which is in these words: "That these United Colonies are, 
and of right ought to be, free and independent States ; that they are absolved from all 
allegiance to the British crown; and that all political connection between them and the 
State of Great Britain is, and ought to be, totally dissolved " 

Tuesday, June 11, 1776. 

Besolved, That the Committee for preparing the Declaration consist of five. The 
members chosen, Mr. Jefl'erson, Mr. John Adams, Mr. Franklin, Mr. Sherman, and Mr. 
E. R. Livingston. 

Tuesday, June 25, 1776. 

A declaration of the Deputies of Pennsylvania, met in Provincial Conference, was 
laid before Congress and read, expressing their willingness to concur in a vote of Con- 
gress declaring the United Colonies free and independent States. 

Friday, June 28, 1776. 

"Francis Hopkiuson, one of the Delegates from New Jersey, attended and produced 
the credentials of their appointment," containing the following instructions : " If you 
shall judge it necessarj- or expedient for this purpose, we empower you to join in de- 
claring the United Colonies independent of Great Britain, entering into a confederation 
for union and common defence," etc. 

Monday, July 1, 1776. 

" A resolution of the Convention of Maryland, passed the 28th of June, was laid 
before Congress and read," containing the following instructions to their deputies in 
Congress : " That the deputies of said Colony, or any three or more of them, be author- 
ized and empowered to concur with the other United Colonies, or a majority of them, 



524 STATISTICAL BE COEDS. 



in declaring the United Colonies free and independent States ; in forming such further 
compact and confederation between them," etc. 

The order of the day being read : 

Besolved, That this Congress will resolve itself into a Committee of the Whole, to 
take into consideration the resolution respecting independency. 

That the Declaration be referred to said Committee. 

The Congress resolved itself into a Committee of the Whole. After some time the 
President resumed the chair, and Mr. Harrison reported that the Committee had come 
to a resolution, which they desired him to report, and to move for leave to sit again. 

The resolution agreed to by the Committee of the Whole being read, the determina- 
,tion thereof was, at the request of a Colony, postponed until to-morrow. 

Besolved, That this Congress will, to-morrow, resolve itself into a Committee of the 
Whole, to take into consideration the Declaration respecting independence. 

Tuesday, July 2, 1776. 

The Congress resumed the consideration of the resolution reported from the Com- 
mittee of the Whole, which was agreed to as follows : — 

Eesolved, Tliat these United Colonies are, and of right ought to he, Free and Independ- 
ent Slates; that they are absolved from all allegiance to the British crown, and that all 
political connection between them and the State of Great Britain is, and ought to he, totally 
dissolved. 

Agreeable to the order of the day, the Congress resolved itself into a Committee of 
the Whole ; and, after some time, the President resumed the chair, and Mr. Harrison 
reported that the Committee have had under consideration the Declaration to them 
referred ; but not having had time to go through the same, desired him to move for 
leave to sit again. 

Besolved, That this Congress will, to-morrow, again resolve itself into a Committee 
of the Whole, to take into their further consideration the Declaration respecting inde- 
pendence. 

Wedj^isday, July 3, 1776. 

Agreeable to the order of the day, the Congress resolved itself into a Committee of 
the Whole, to take into their further consideration the Declaration ; and, after some 
time, the President resumed the chair, and Mr. Harrison reported that the Committee, 
not having yet gone through it, desired leave to sit again. 

Besolved, That this Congress will, to-morrow, again resolve itself into a Committee 
of the Whole, to take into their further consideration the Declaration of Independence, 

Thursday, July 4, 1776. 

Agreeable to the order of the day, the Congress resolved itself into a Committee of 
the Whole, to take into their furtlier consideration the Declaration ; and, after some 
time, the President resumed the chair, and Mr. Harrison reported that the Committee 
had agreed to a Declaration, which they desired him to report. 

The Declaration being read, was agreed to as follows : — 

A DECLAEATION BY THE EEPRESENTATIVES OF THE UNITED STATES OE AMERICA, IN 

CONGRESS ASSEMBLED. 

When, in the course of human events, it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve 
the political bands which have connected them with another, and to assume, among the 
powers of the earth, the separate and equal station to which the laws of nature and of 
nature's God entitle them, a decent respect to the opinions of mankind requires that 
they should declare the causes which impel them to the separation. 

We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal ; that they are 
endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights ; that among these are life, 
liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. That to secure these rights, governments are 
instituted among men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed ; 
that whenever any form of government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the 
right of the people to alter or to abolish it, and to institute a new government, laying 
its foundation on such principles, and organizing its powers in such form, as to them 
shall seem most likely to effect their safety and happiness. Prudence, indeed, will 
dictate that governments long established, should not be changed for light and transient 
causes ; and accordingly, all experience hath shown, that mankind are more disposed 
to suffer, while evils are sufferable, than to right themselves by abolishing the forms to 



STATISTICAL BEGOBDS. 525 



which they are accustomed. But when a long train of abuses and usurpations, pursu- 
ing invariably the same object, evinces a design to reduce tJiem under absolute despot- 
ism, it is their riglit, it is their duty, to throw olTsuch government, and to provide new 
guards for their future securitj'. Such has been the patient sufferance of these Colonies, 
and sucli is now the necessity which constrains them to alter their former systems of 
government. The history of the present king of Great Britain is a history of repeated 
injuries and usurpations, all having, in direct object, the establishment of an absolute 
tyranny over these States. To prove this, let facts be submitted to a candid world : — 

He has refused his assent to laws the most wholesome and necessary for the public 
good. 

He has forbidden his Governors to pass laws of immediate and pressing importance, 
unless suspended in their operation till his assent should be obtained; and, when so sus- 
pended, he has utterly neglected to attend to them. 

He has refused to pass other laws for the accommodation of large districts of people, 
unless those people would relinquish the right of representation in the Legislature ; a 
right inestimable to them, and formidable to tyrants only. 

He has called together legislative bodies at places unusual, uncomfortable, and dis- 
tant from the depository of their public records, for the sole purpose of fatiguing them 
into compliance with his measures. 

He has dissolved representative houses repeatedly, for opposing, with manly firmness, 
his invasions on the rights of the people. 

He has refused, for a long time after such dissolutions, to cause others to be elected; 
whereby the legislative powers, incapable of annihilation, have returned to the people 
at large for their exercise ; the State remaining, in the mean time, exposed to all the 
danger of invasion from without, and convulsions within. 

He has endeavored to prevent the population of these States; for that purpose, 
obstructing the laws for naturalization of foreigners; refusing to pass others to 
encourage their migration hither, and raising the conditions of new appropriations of 
lands. 

He has obstructed the administration of justice, by refusing his assent to laws for 
establishing judiciary powers. 

He has made judges dependent on his will alone, for the tenure of their offices, and. 
the amount and payment of their salaries. 

He has erected a multitude of new offices, and sent hither swarms of officers to harass 
our people and eat out their substance. 

He has kept among us, in times of peace, standing armies, without the consent of 
our legislature. 

He has affected to render the military independent of, and superior to, the civil 
power. 

He has combined, with others, to subject us to a jurisdiction foreign to our constitu- 
tion, and unacknowledged by our laws; giving his assent to their acts of pretended 
legislation. 

For quartering large bodies of armed troops among us : 

For protecting them, by a mock trial, from punishment, for any murders which they 
should commit on the inhabitants of these States : 

For cutting off our trade with all parts of the world : 

For imposing taxes on us without our consent : 

For depriving us, in many cases, of the benefits of trial by jury : 

For transporting us beyond seas to be tried for pretended offences : 

For abolishing the free system of English laws, in a neighboring province, establish- 
ing therein an arbitrary government, and enlarging its boundaries, so as to render it at 
once an example and fit instrument for introducing the same absolute rule into these 
Colonies : 

For taking away our charters, abolishing our most valuable laws, and altering, 
fundamentally, the power's of our governments : 

For suspending our own legislatures, and declaring themselves invested with power 
to legislate for us in all cases whatsoever. 

He has abdicated government here, by declaring us out of his protection, and waging 
war against us. 

He has plundered our seas, ravaged our coasts, burnt our towns, and destroyed the 
lives of our people. 

He is, at this time, transporting large armies of foreign mercenaries to complete the 
works of death, desolation, and tyranny, already begun, with circumstances of cruelty 
and perfidy scarcely paralleled in the most barbarous ages, and totally unworthy the 
head of a civilized nation. 

He has constrained our fellow-citizens, taken captive on the high seas, to bear arms 
against their country, to become the executioners of their friends and brethren, or to 
fall themselves by their hands. 

He has excited domestic insurrections among us, and has endeavored to bring on the 



526 



STATISTICAL BECOBDS. 



inhabitants of our frontiers, the merciless Indian saT^ages, whose known rule of war- 
fare is an undistinguished destruction of all ages, sexes, and conditions. 

In every stage of these oppressions, we have petitioned for redress in the most hum- 
ble terms; our repeated petitions have been answered only by repeated injury. A 
prince, whose character is thus marked by every act which may define a tyrant, is unfit 
to be the ruler of a free people. 

Nor have we been wanting in attention to our British brethren. We have warned 
them, from time to time, of attempts made by their legislature to extend an unwarrant- 
able jurisdiction over us. We have reminded them of the circumstances of our emigra- 
tion and settlement here. We have appealed to their native justice and magnanimity, 
and we have conjured them, by the ties of our common kindred, to disavow these 
nsui'pations, which would inevitably interrupt our connections and correspondence. 
They, too, have been deaf to the voice of justice and consanguinity. We must, there- 
fore, acquiesce in the necessity which demands our separation, and hold them, as we 
hold the rest of mankind, enemies in war, in peace friends. 

We, therefore, the Representatives of the United States of America, in General Con- 
gress assembled, appealing to the Supreme Judge of the world for the rectitude of our 
intentions, do, in the name and by the authority of the good people of these Colonies, 
solemnly publish and declare. That these United Colonies are, and, of right, ought to 
be,/;'ee and independent States; that they are absolved from all allegiance to the British 
crown, and that all political connection between them and the State of Great Britain is, 
and ought to be, totally dissolved; and that, as free and independent States, they have 
full power to levy war, conclude peace, contract alliances, establish commerce, and to 
do all other acts and things which independent States may of right do. And, for the 
support of this Declaration, with a firm reliance on the protection of Divine Providence, 
we mutually pledge to each other, our lives, our fortunes, and our sacred honor. 

John Hancock. 

New Hampshire. 



Josiah Bartlett, 



Samuel Adams, 
John Adams, 



Stephen Hopkins, 



Roger Sherman, 
Samuel Huntington, 



William Floyd, 
Philip Livingston, 



Richard Stockton, 
John Witherspoon, 



William Whipple, 
Massachusetts Bay. 
Robert Treat Paine, 

Rhode Island. 
William Ellery. 

Connecticut. 
WiUiam Williams, 

New Yoke. 
Francis Lewis, 

New Jersey. 

Francis Hopkinson, 
John Hart, 

Pennsylvania. 



Matthew Thornton. 



Elbridge Gerry. 



Oliver Wolcott. 



Lewis Morris. 



Abraham Clark. 



Robert Harris, 
Benjamin Rush, 
Benjamin Franklin, 



Csesar Rodney, 



John Morton, 
George Clyraer, 
James Smith, 

Delaware. 

George Read, 

Maryland. 



Samuel Chase, William Paca, 

Charles Carroll, of CarroUton, 



George Taylor, 
James Wilson, 
George Ross. 



Thomas McKeaiu 



Thomas Stone. 



J 



STATISTICAL BEQORDS. 



.'>27 



George Wythe, 
Eichard Henry Lee, 
Thomas Jefferson, 



William Hooper, 



Edward Eutledge, 
Thomas Heywood, Jr., 



Button Gwinnett, 



Virginia. 

Benjamin Harrison, 
Thomas Nelson, Jr., 

North Carolina 
Joseph Hewes, 

South Carolina. 
Thomas Lynch, Jr., 

Georgia. 
Lyman Hall, 



Francis Lightfoot Lee,' 
Carter Braxton. 



John Penn. 



Arthur Middleton. 



George Walton. 



Besolved, That copies of the Declaration be sent to the several assemblies, conven- 
tions, and committees, or councils of safety, and to the several commanding oflScers of 
the Continental troops ; that it be proclaimed in each of the United States, and at the 
head of the army. 



528 



STATISTICAL BECOBDS. 



SIGNERS OF THE DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE, 

IN CONGKESS ASSEMBLED, JULY 4, 1776. 

The following List of Members of the Continental Congress, who signed the Decla- 
ration of Independence (although the names are included in the general list of that 
Congress, from 1774 to 1788), Is given separately, for the purpose of showing the 
places and dates of their birth aud the time of their respective deaths, for convenient 
reference : — 



Names of the signers. 



Adams, .John 

Adams, Samuel 

Hart let t, .losiali 

IJraxton, Carter 

(JarroU, ( ;hailes, ofCarrolUon 

Cliase, f^amiiel 

Clark, A brahani 

Clymer, (ieorge 

Ellery, William 

Floyd, William. 

rranklin, JU'iijainiii 

(Jerry, l<;ibri(lg(^ 

(jr winnett, Uutton 

Hall, Lyman 

Hancock, Jolin 

Harrison, Benjamin 

Hart, John 

Hey ward, Thomas, Jr 

Hcwes, Joseph 

Hooper, William 

Hoi)kins, Stephen 

Hopkinson, Francis 

Hunting, jn, Samuel 

Jetfferson, Thomas 

Lee, Francis Lightfoot 

Lee, Uichard Henry 

Lewis, Francis 

Livingston, I'hilip 

Lynch, Thi)ni:is, Jr;.< 

Mclvcan, 'I'homas 

MidUlelon, Artluir 

Morris, Lewis 

Morris, Uohert 

Morton, .lohn 

Nelson, Thomas, Jr 

I'aca, William 

I'aiuc, Uobert Treat 

I'enn, .lohn 

Head, George 

Kodnev, Ca'sar 

Koss, (U'orgc 

Kush, ISenjamin, M.D 

Itutlcdge, Kdward 

Sherman , lloger 

Smith, J anu s 

Stockton, IMchnrd 

Stone, Thomas 

T'avlor, George 

Thornton, Maithcw 

Walton, (ic'irgo 

Whipple, V\ illiam 

Williams, William 

Wilson, James 

Witherspoon, John 

Wolcott, Oliver 

Wythe, George 



Born at- 



Braintree, Mass Oct. 19, 1735 

Boston, Mass Sept. 27, ITi'i 

Amesbury, JIass in Nov., 1729 

Newington, Va Sept. 10, 17:i() 

Annapolis, Md Sept. 20, 17:37 

Somerset Co., Md April 17, 1741 

Klizabelhtown.N. J..Feb. 15, 1720 

I'hihulelphia, Fa in 1739 

Neu'iK.rt, K. I... Dec. 22, 1727 

Sultolk Co., N. Y Dec. 17, 1734 

Boston, Mass Jan. 17, 1700 

Marbleliead, Mass.... July 17, 1744 

England in 1732 

(.'onnecticut in 1731 

Braintree, Mass in 1737 

l?erkele V, Va 

Iloiiewell, N. J about 1715 

St. Luke's, S.C in 1740 

Kingston, N.J in 1730 

Boston, Mass June 17, 1742 

Scitnate, 11. I llarch 7, 1707 

Fhiladelphia, Pa in 1737 

Windham, Conn July 3, 17.32 

Shadwcll, Va April 13, 1743 

Stratford, Va Oct. 14, 17.34 

Strailbrd, Va. Jan. 20, 1732 

Landall', Wales in Mar., 1713 

Albany, N.Y Jan. 15, 1710 

St. George's, S. C Aug. 5, 1749 

Chester Co., Pa Mar. 19, 1734 

Middleton Place, S. C.in 1743 

Moirisania, N.Y in 1720 

Lancashire, Eng Jan., 1733-'4 

llidley, Pa in 1724 

York, Va Dec. 20,1738 

Wye Hill, Md Oct. 31, 1740 

Boston, Mass in 17.31 

Caroline Co., Va May 17, 1741 

Cecil Co., Md in 1734 

Dover, Del in 1730 

New Castle, Del in 17;!0 

By berry. Pa Dec. 24, 1745 

Charleston, S.C in Nov., 1749 

Newton, Mass April 19, 1721 

Ireland ■ 

I'rinceton, N. J Oct. 1, 1730 

Charles Co., Md in 1742 

Ireland in 1710 

Ireland in 1714 

Frederick Co., Va in 1740 

Kittery, Mo... in 17-30 

Lebanon, Conn April 8, 1731 

Scotland about 1742 

Yester, Scotland Feb. 5,1722 

Windsor. Conn Nov. 20, 1720 

Elizabeth City Co.,Va.in 172G 



Delegated from— 



Massachusetts 

Massachusetts .... 
New Hampshire.. 

Virginia 

^Maryland 

Maryland 

New Jersey 

Pennsylvania 

11. 1, and Prov. PI. 

New York 

Pennsylvania 

Massachusetts .... 

Georgia 

Georgia 

Massachusetts 

Virginia 

New Jersey 

South Carolina... 
North Carolina... 
North Carolina . . . 
K. I. and Prov. PI. 

New Jersey 

Comiocticut 

Virginia 

Virginia 

Virginia 

New York 

New York 

South ('arolina . . . 

Delaware 

Soul h Carolina . . . 

New York 

Pennsylvania 

Pennsylvania 

Virginia 

Maryland 

Massachusetts ... . 
North Carolina. . . 

Delaware 

Delaware 

Pennsylvania 

Pennsylvania 

South (Carolina... 

Connecticut 

Pennsylvania 

New .I'ersoy 

iNIaryland 

Pennsylvania 

New llampshire.. 

Georgia 

New llani])shire. . 

(Connecticut 

I'ennsylvania ... 

New Jersey 

Connecticut 

Virginia 



Died, 



July 

Oct. 

!May 

Oct. 

Nov. ' 

J une 

Sept., 

Jan. 

Feb. 

Aug. 

April 

Nov. 

May 

Feb., 

Oct. 

April, 

March, 

Nov. 

Oct., 

July 

Blay 

Jan. 

July 

A pi-il, 

June 

Deo. 

June 

Lost at 

June 

Jau 

Jan. 

Jlay 

April, 

Jau. 

May 
Oct. 



July, 

A)iril 

Jan. 

July 

July 

Feb. 

Oct. 

Feb. 

June 

Feb. 

Nov. 

Aug. 

Aug. 

Nov. 

Dec. 

.)une 



4, 1820 
2, 1803 
19, 1795 
10, 1797 

14, 1832 
19,1811 

1794 
23, 1813 

15, 1820 

4, 1821 
17, 1700 

23, 1814 

27, 1777 
1790 

8, 1793 
1791 
1780 
1809 

10, 1770 
1790 

13, 1785 

9, 1790 

5, 1790 
4, 1S20 

1797 

19, 1794 
,30, 1803 
12, 1778 

sea, 1779 

24, 1817 

1, 1787 

22, 1793 
8, 180(i 

1777 

4, 1789 
1799 

11, 1804 

20, 1809 
17U8 
1783 
1779 

19, 1813 

23, 1800 
23, 1793 
11, 1806 

28, 1781 

5, 1787 

23, 1781 

24, 1803 

2, 1805 
28, 1785 

2, 1811 

28, 1798 

15, 1704 

1, 1797 

8, ISuO 



STATISTICAL nECOBBS. 



529 



DELEGATES TO THE CONTINENTAL CONGRESS, 
FROM 1771 to 1778. 



New Hampshire. 

—^Bartlett, Josiah, 1775- 

Blauchard, Jouathaa 1783- 

Folsom, Nathaniel 1774- 

clo 1777- 

do 1779- 

Foster, Abiel ". 1783- 

Frost, George 1777- 

Giliiuiu, Johu Taj'lor 1782- 

Gilinan, Nicholas 178-6- 

Laugdon, John 1775- 

do 1786- 

Langdon, Woodbnry 1779- 

Livermore, Samuel 1780- 

do 1785- 

Long, Pierce 1781- 

Peabodj, Nathaniel 1779- 

SuUivan, John 1774- 

do 1780- 

Thornton, JMatthew 1776- 

Wentworth, John, Jr 1778- 

Whipple, William 1776- 

White, Phillips 1782- 

Wingate, Paine 1787- 

Massachusetts. 

Adams, John 1774- 

Adams, Samnel 1774- 

Cushing, Thomas 1774- 

Daua, Francis 177G- 

do 1784- 

Dane, Nathan 1785- 

Gerry, Elbridge 1776- 

do 1782- 

Gorham, Nathaniel 1 782- 

do 1785- 

Ilancock, John 1 

do 1 

Iligginson, Stephen 1 



liolten, Samuel 1 

do 1 

do 1 

do 1 

Jackson, Jonathan 1 

King, Knf us 1 

Lovell, James 1 

Lowell, John 1 

Osgood, Samuel 1 

Otis, Samuel A 1 

Paine, Robert Treat 1774- 

Partridge, George 1779- 

do 1783- 

Sedgwick, Theodore 17S5- 

Suliivau, James 1782- 

34 



•'79 
'84 
■'75 
'78 
'SO 
■'85 
'79 
'83 
•88 
'77 
■'87 
'80 
'83 
■86 
'SQ 
'80 
'75 
'81 
'78 
'79 
'79 
'83 
'88 



■'78 
•'82 
■'76 
'78 
■•84 
•88 
'81 
■'85 
'83 
■'87 
'80 
■'SO 
'S3 
■SO 
•83 
■'85 
'87 
■'82 
•87 
■"82 
■•83 
•84 
■88 
'78 
•82 
'85 
■'88 
'82 



Thacher, George 1 787-'88 

Ward, Artemas 1780-81 

EnoDE Island. 

Arnold, Jonathan 1782-84 

Arnold, Peleg 1787-89 

Collins, John 1778-83 

Cornell, Ezekiel 1780-'83 

Ellerv, William 1776-'81 

do 1783-85 

Hazard. Jonathan J 1787-89 

Hopkins, (Stephen 1774-80 

Howell, David 1782-'85 

Manning, James 1785-'86 

Marchant, Henry 1777-'80 

do 1783-'84 

Miller, Nathan 1 785-'86 

Mowry, Daniel 1780-'82 

Varuuin, James LI 1780-'82 

do 1786-87 

Ward, Samuel 1774-76 

Connecticut. 

Adams, Andrew 1777-'80 

do 1781-'82 

Cooke, Joseph P 1784-'88 

Deane, Silas 1774-'76 

Dyer, Eliphalet 1774-79 

do 1780-83 

Edwards, Pierpont 1787-88 

Ellsworth, Oliver 1777-'84 

Ilillhouse, AVilliam 1783-'86 

Hosmer, Titus 1775-'76 

do 1777-79 

Huntington, Benjamin 1780-'84 

do l7S7-'88 

Huntington, Samuel 177iV84 

Johnson, William S ^"•'^^~!^^ 

Law, Richard 1 ' 77-'78 

do 1781-84 

Mitchell, Stephen M 1783-'84 

do 1785-86 

do ^'^r?-^ 

Root, Jesse 1778-83 

Sherman, Roger • , 1774-'S4 

Spencer, Joseph 1778-79 

Strong, Jedediah 1 l^z~^^ 

Sturii'es, Jonathan 1785-87 

Tread well, John 1 785-^86 

Trumbull, Joseph ^ '^i^t", ^^ 

AVadsworth, James 1783-84 

do ^'^r?^ 

Wadsworth, Jeremiah 1787-'88 

Williams, William 1770-78 



530 



STATISTICAL BECOBDS. 



Williaras, William 1783-'84 

Wolcotfc, Oliver 1775-'78 

do 1780-'84 

New Yoke. 

Alsop, John 1774-76 

Benson, Egbert 1784-85 

do 1786-'88 

Boerum, Simon 1774-77 

Clinton, George 1775-'77 

De Witt, Charles 1783-'85 

Duane, James 1774-'84 

])uer, William 1777-'78 

Ployd, William 1774-77 

do 1778-'83 

Gansevoort, Leonard 1787-'88 

Hamilton, Alexander 1782-83 

do 1787-'88 

Haring, John 1774-75 

do 1785-'88 

Jay, John 1774-77 

do 1778-79 

Lansing, John 1784-88 

Lawrance, John 1785-87 

Lewis, Francis 1777-79 

Livingston, Philip 1774-78 

Livingston, Eobert E 1775-77 

do •• 1779-'81 

Livingston, Walter 1784-'85 

Low, Isaac 1774-75 

L'Hommedieu, Ezra 1779-'83 

do 1787-'88 

Morris, Gouvernenr 1777-80 

Morris, Lewis 1775-77 

McDougall, Alexander 1781-82 

.lo 1784-'85 

Paine, Ephraim 1784-'85 

Piatt, Zephaniah 1784-'86 

Schuyler, Philip 1775-75 

do 1778-'81 

Scott, John Morin 1780-'83 

Smith, Melancthon 1785-88 

Wisner, Henry 1774-76 

Yates, Abraham, Jr 1787-88 

Yates, Peter W 1785-'87 

New Jersey. 

Beatty, John 1783-85 

Boudinot, Elias 1777-78 

do 1781-'84 

Burnett, W 1780-'81 

Cadwallader, Lambert 1784-87 

Clark, Abraham 1776-'82 

do 1787-'88 

Condict, Silas 1781-'84 

Cooper, John 1776-76 

Craae, Stephen 1774-76 

Dayton, Elias 1787-88 

De Hart, John 1774-76 

Dick, Samuel ....■ 1783-'84 

Elmer, Jonathan 1776-78 

do 1781-'84 

do 1787-'88 

Fell, John 1778-'80 

Ej-eliughuysen, Frederick 1778-79 

do 17S2-'83 

Hende t-son, Thomas 1779-'80 

Hopklnton, Francis 1776-77 



Hornblower, Josiah 1785 

Houston, William C 1779 

do 1784 

Kinsey, James 1774 

Livingston, William 1774- 

Neilson, John 1778' 

Scheurman, J 1786 

Scudder, Nathaniel 1777 

Sergeant, Jonathan D 1776 

Smith, Richard 1774 

Stewart, Archibald 1784- 

Stockton, Eichard 1776- 

Symmes, John C 1785- 

Witherspoon, John 1776- 

Peknsylvania. 

Allen, Andrew 1775- 

Armstrong, John .1778- 

do 1787- 

Atlee, Samuel 1778- 

Bayard, John 1785- 

Biddle, Edward 1774- 

do 1778- 

Bingham, William 1787- 

Clarkson, Matthew 1785- 

Clingan, William 1777- 

Clymei", George 1776- 

do 1780- 

Dickinson, John 1774- 

Fitzsimmons, Thomas 1782- 

Franklin, Benjamin 1775- 

Galloway, Joseph 1774- 

Gardner, Joseph 1784- 

Hand, Edward 1784- 

Henry, William 1784- 

Humphreys, Charles 1774- 

Ingersoll, Jared 1780- 

Irwine, William 1786- 

Jackson, David 1785- 

Matlack, Timothy 1780- 

McClene, James 1778- 

Meredith, Samuel 1787- 

Mifflin, Thomas 1774- 

do 1782- 

Morris, Charles 1783- 

Morrls, Eobert 1776- 

Montgomery, Joseph 1780- 

Morton, John 1774- 

Muhlenberg, Frederick A 1778- 

Peters, Eichard 1782- 

Pettit, Charles 1785- 

Eead, J 1787- 

Eeed, Joseph 1777-' 

Ehodes, Samuel 1774-' 

Eobei'deau, Daniel 1777- 

Eoss, George 1774-' 

Eush, Benjamin 1776- 

Searle, James 1778- 

Shippen, William 1778-^ 

Smith, James 1776- 

Smith, Jonathan B 1777-' 

Smith, Thomas 1780-' 

St. Clair, Arthur 1785-' 

Taylor, George 1776-' 

Willing, Thomas 1775-' 

Wilson, James 1775-' 

do 1782-' 

do 1785-' 

Wynkoop, Henry 1779-' 



'86 
'82 
'85 
'75 
'76 
'79 
'87 
'79 
77 
'76 
'85 
'77 
'86 
'83 



-'76 
-'80 
-'88 
-'82 
-'87 
-'76 
-'79 
-'88 

-'79 
-'78 
-'83 
-'76 

-'83 
■'76 

■'75 
•'85 
•'85 
•'86 
■'76 
■'81 
■'88 
■'86 
■'81 
■'80 
■'88 
-'76 
■'84 
■'84 
■'78 
■'84 
■'77 
•'80 
•'83 
■'87 
•'88 
'78 
75 
'79 
77 
■'77 
■'80 
'80 
'78 
'78 
'82 
'87 
'77 
76 
78 
'83 
87 
83 



STATISTICAL BECORDS. 



531 



Delaware. 

Bedford, Gunning 1783-85 

do '". 178G-'87 

Bedford, Gunning, Jr 178o-'86 

Dickinson Jolm 1776-77 

do 1779-'80 

Dickinson, Pliilemon 1 782-'83 

Evans, Jolin 1776-77 

Kearney, Dyre 1786-'88 

McComb, Eleazer 1782-84 

Mitcliell, Natlianiel 17S6-'88 

McKean, Thomas 1774-76 

do 177S-'83 

Patton, John 1785-'86 

Peery, William 1785-86 

Head, George 1774-77 

Rodney, Caesar 1774-76 

do. 1777-78 

do 1783-'84 

Eodney, Thomas 1781-83 

do 1785-'87 

_Sykes, James 1777-78 

Tilton, James 1783-'85 

Van Dyke, Nicholas 1777-82 

Vining, John 1784-'86 

Wharton, Samuel 1782-83 

Maryland. 

Alexander, Eobert 1775-77 

Carmichael, William 1778-80 

Carroll, Charles 1776-78 

Carroll, Daniel 1780-84 

Chase, Jeremiah T 1783-84 

Chase, Samuel 1774-78 

do 1784-'85 

Contee, Benjamin 1787-88 

Forbes, James 1778-80 

Forrest, Uriah 1786-87 

Goldsborough, Robert 1774-75 

Hall, John 1775-76 

do 1783-'84 

Hanson, John 1781-'83 

Harrison, William 1785-87 

Hemsley, William 1782-84 

Henry, John 1778-81 

do 1784-'87 

Hindman, "William 1784-87 

Howard, John E 1787-'88 

Jenifer, D., of St. Thomas 1778-82 

Johnson, Thomas 1775-77 

Lee, Thomas Sim 1783-84 

Lloyd, Edward 1783-'84 

Martin, Luther 1784-'85 

McHenry, James 1783-'86 

Paca, William 1774-79 

Plater, George 1778-'81 

Potts, Richard 1781-'82 

Ramsay, Nathaniel 1785-'87 

Ridgely, Richard 1785-86 

Rogers, John 1775-76 

Ross, David 1786-'87 

Rumsey, Benjamin 1776-78 

Scott, Gustavus 1784-'85 

Seney, Joshua 1787-88 

Smith, William 1777-78 

Stone, Thomas 1775-79 

. do 1784-'85 



Tilghman, Matthew 1774-77 

Wright, Turbett 1781-82 

Virginia. 

Adams, Thomas 1778-80 

Banister, John 1778-79 

Bland, Richard 1774-76 

Bland, Theodoric 1780-83 

Braxton, Carter 1776-76 

Brown, John 1787-'8S 

Carrington, Edward 1785-86 

Fitzhugh, William 1779-'80 

Fleming, William 1779-'81 

Grayson, William 1784-'87 

Griffln, Cyrus 1778 81 

do 1787-'88 

Hardy, Samuel 1783-'85 

Harrison, Benjamin 1774-78 

Harvie, John 1778-79 

Henry, James 1780-81 

Henry, Patrick 1774-76 

Jefferson, Thomas 1775-77 

do 1783-'85 

Jones, Joseph 1777-78 

do 1780-83 

Lee, Arthur. 1781-84 

Lee, Francis Lightfoot 1775-80 

Lee, Henry 1785-'88 

Lee, Richard Henry 1774-'80 

do 1784-'87 

Madison, James, Jr 1780-'83 

do.. 1786-88 

Mercer, James 1779-'80 

Mercer, John F 1782-85 

Monroe, James 1783-'86 

Nelson, Thomas 1775-77 

do 1779-'80 

Page, Maun 1777-77 

Pendleton, Edmund 1774-75 

Randolph, Edmund 1779-82 

Randolph, Peyton 1774-75 

Smith, Merewether 1778-'82 

Washington, George 1774-75 

Wythe, George 1775-77 

North Carolina. 

Ashe, John B 1787-'88 

Bloodworth, Timothy , . 1786-87 

Blount, William 1782-83 

do 1786-'87 

Burke, Thomas 1777-81 

Burton, Robert 1787-88 

Caswell, Richard 1774-76 

Gumming, William 1784-84 

Harnett, Cornelius 1777-80 

Hawkins, Benjamin 1781-84 

do 1786-'87 

Hewes, Joseph 1774-77 

do 1779-'80 

Hill, Whitmill 1778-'81 

Hooper, William 1774-77 

Johnston, Samuel 1780-'82 

Jones, Allen 1779-'80 

Jones, Willie 1780-'81 

Nash, Abner 1782-'84 

do 1785-'86 

Penn, John 1775-76 



532 



STATISTICAL BECOBDS, 



Penn, John 1777-'80 

Si*-.greaveSv John 1784-85 

Sharpe, William 1779-'82 

Spaight, Eicharcl D 1783-'85 

Swan, John 1787-'88 

Williams, John 1778-79 

Williamson, Hugh 1782-'85 

do 1787-'88 

White, Alexander 1786-'88 

South Carolina. 

Bee, Thomas ....1780-'82 

Beresford, Richard 1783-85 

Bull, John 1784-'87 

Cutler, Pierce 1787-'88 

Drayton, William Henry 1778-79 

Eveleigh, Nicholas 1781-'82 

Gadsden, Christopher 1774-76 

Gervais, John L 1782-'83 

Heyward, Thomas, Jr 1776-'78 

Iluger, Daniel • 1786-'88 

Hutson, Richard 1778-79 

Izard, Ralph : 1782-'83 

Kean, John 1785-'87 

Kinloch, Francis 1780-'81 

Laurens, Henry 1777-80 

Lynch, Thomas 1774-76 

Lynch, Thomas, Jr 1776-77 

Matthews, John 1778-'82 

Middleton, Arthur 1776-78 

do 1781-'83 

Middleton, Henry 1774-76 

Motte, Isaac 1780-'82 

Parker, John 1786-'88 

Pinckuey, Charles 1777-78 



Pinckney, Charles 1784-'87 

Ramsay, David 1782-'84 

do 1785-'86 

Read, Jacob 1783-'85 

Rutledge, Edward 1774-77 

Rutledge, John 1774-77 

do 1782-'83 

Trapier, Paul 1777-78 

Tucker, Thomas T 1787-88 

Georgia. 

Baldwin, Abraham 1785-88 

Brownson, Nathan 1776-78 

Bullock, Archibald 1775-76 

Clay, Joseph 1778-'80 

Few, William 1780-'82 

do .1785-78 

Gibbons, William 1784-'86 

Gwinnett, Button 1776-77 

Habersham, John 1785-86 

Hall, Lyman 1775-79 

Houston, John 1775-77 

Houston, William 1784-'87 

Howley, Richard 1780-8 1 

Jones, Noble Wimberly 1775-76 

do '. 1781-'83 

Langworthy, Edward 1777-79 

Pierce, W 1786-'87 

Telfair, Edward 1777-79 

do 1780-'83 

Walton, George 1776-79 

do 1780-'81 

Wood, Joseph 1777-79 

Zubly, John J 1775-76 



STATISTICAL BE COEDS. 533 

PEESIDENTS OF THE CONTINENTAL CONGRESS. 

, TEOM 1774 TO 1788. 

FROM. ELECTED. 

,.^^eyton Eandolph Virginia September 5, 1774. 

T^Ienry Micidleton South Carolina October 22, 1774. 

,— Peyton Randolph Virginia May 10, 1775. 

N^oim Hancock.. >v^ Massachusetts May 24, 1775. 

-ydjenry Laurens ix; ^ South Cai'olina November 1, 1777. 

CiSohn Jay New York December 10, 1778. 

^^amuel Huntington Connecticut September 28, 1779. 

'^^a^homas McKean.^ Delaware July 10, 1781. 

^iphn Hanson . ..J Maryland November 6, 1781. 

^^lias Boudinot New Jersey November 4, 1782. 

^homas Mifflin. Pennsylvania November 3, 1783. 

5<ilichar(i Henry Lee Virginia November 30, 1784. 

^^athaniel Goi'ham Massachusetts .■ . . . -June 6, 1786. 

^'v^rthur St Clair Pennsjdvania February 2, 1787. 

'^^ Cyrus Griffln ...0 Virginia January 22, 1788. 



SESSIONS OF THE CONTINENTAL CONGRESS. 

The sessions of the Continental Congress were commenced as follows : — 

Septembers, 1774, also May 10, 1775, at Philadelphia; December 20, 1776, at Balti- 
more; March 4, 1777, at Philadelphia; September 27, 1777, at Lancaster, Pennsylvania; 
September 30, 1777, at York, Pennsylvania; July 2, 1778, at Philadelphia ; June 30, 
1783, at Pnnceto?i, New Jersey; November 26, 1783, at J.rewaiDo;;s, Maryland; November 
1, 1784, at Trenton, New Jersey; January 11, 1785, at New York, which, from that time, 
continued to be the place of meeting until the adoption of the Constitution of the United 
States. From 1781 to 1788 Congress met annually on the first Monday in November, 
pursuant to the Articles of Confederation. 



534 STATISTICAL BECOUDS. 



AKTICLKS 01^ CONFEDERATION. 

TO KIA. TO WirOM TIUCSIO nnWIilNT'H HIlyVTX OOMtC, WIC, Tlire XINDISUSIONKD, DRLEOATE8 
OV Tlllfl STATKS Al<'riXlCl> TO OlTll NAMICS, 8KN1) (iUKK.TlNO : 

WIuM-ciiM tlio (li>l('j^iit(\M of tlio ITiillod S(.iit,os of America In C()ii,t!,Ttiss iiHHomhIod did, 
on Mil! lll1.(!(Mil.l\ (lay of Novmiibur, in tlic year of our Loril oin; Mioiisand scvon liundrod 
and scvcMil.y-sdvcm, and in Mio scicoiul year of tlio iniiopcMulonfc of America, a,ii,iH!o to 
certain arliclcM of confederation and perpetual Union l)et,vveen llie SLat.eH of New llanip- 
wiiire, Massai'lnisetis l>My, IMiodo Isiniid and i'rovidence I'iant.aLions, Oonneclic^iit,, Now 
Yorii, New Jersey, I'eiuisyivania,, l)elawar(>, Maryland, Virginia, NorLii Carolina, South 
Carolina, and Ueoryla, in Llio words following, viz. : 

ArUcloH of ConfoderoUon and porpotunl TTinon hotwoon the. StMoa of Ne\o ILimpshiro, Massa- 
rli.'its('Un lliii/, liliixle ttihiiiU and rroriilcnce I'laiUiUions, (Joimmticut, New I'oV.;, New 
Jcriti'ij, Vi'iiiimjlcania, Dciawarc, Maryland, Viryinia, North Carolina, South Carolina, 
and (Icoryia. 

Aiiri(M,i« 1. Tlio style of tins c.onfodoracy Hliall bo, "The TTnited Sl,al;(\s of Aniorica." 

Aur. 2. I'laeli Stiit.e retains its sovereignty, freedom, and independenct-, and (fvery 
power, jnrisdie.tion, and rigid., wideli is not by tills confodoratiou o\[)rossly delegated 
to tim United States In ('ongress assenihI(Hl. 

Aur. ;>. Tiie said Staies lierehy siwerally entov Int* a firm loaguo of friendship witli 
cacli otluu- for their conunon defence, lliu security of tlieir lil)erties, and tlieir nuitunl 
and generid welfare; binding tluMuselves to assist eacli otlior against all I'orcc otfored 
to, or attacivs made upon tlit>in, or any of thorn, on account of roliglon, sovoreiguty, 
trade, or any otiier protenco wiwitever. 

Aur. 1. 'riie l)ett(>r to secure and perpetuate mutual friendship and Intorcourso among 
tlio people of the ilitl'erent Sta.l.i-s in this Union, tlu^ free iidiabitants of each of theso 
States, paupers, vagabonds, and fugitives from just it'c excepted, shall be entitled to all 
privileges and hnmuidties of free citi/ens in tlie stn'oral States; nn<l the peopit; of each 
State shall have free ingress and regress to and from any other State, and shall enjoy 
therein all the privileges of tra.de and commerco, subject io the same duties, imposi- 
tions, and restrictions, as the iidial)itants tlnu'eof res[)ectively ; provideil that such re- 
strictions shall not extend so far as to prevent the removal of property imi)orted into 
any State to any otlier Stale, of which the owner is an inhid)itaiit; provided also, that 
no imiiosilion, did.ies, or restriction, shall bo laid by any State ou the property of the 
II nil Oil States or either of them. 

If any person guilty of or charged with treason, felony, or other high mlsdomcanor, 
in any State, shall IUh* from justice, and bo found in any of the United States, ho shall, 
\\\w\\ demanil of tlu^ (iovm'uor or lOxecntivii (tower of tlio State n\)m which ho lied, bo 
di'liviMvd up and removed to tlu^ State liaving jurisdiction i>f his otlence. 

li'nil failh and credit shall be given in each of these States to the records, acts, and 
judicial |)r()ceediiigs of tlie courts and magistrates of every otiier State. 

Aur. 5. For the more ct)nveiiient managenumt of the general interests of the United 
States, delegates shall \w annually appointed in such manner as the liegisiattn'o of each 
State sliall direct, to moot in (iongress on tlie lirst JMonday in Noveml)er in every year, 
with a power reserved to each Slate to recall its delegates, or any of them, at any tlmo 
■within thi^ year, and to send others in their stead for the remaiiuler of the year. 

No State shall be represent (hI in t.oiigress by less than two, nor by more than seven 
members; and no person shall be capable of being a delegate for more than three years 
in any lerm of six years; nor shall any person, btdng a. delegate, bo capable of holding 
anyotllee under the Uiiit(>d Stales, for wliich ho, or another for his benellt, receives any 
salary, fees, or emolunuMits of any kind. 

lOach State shall niaintain its own delegates In ft meeting of the States, and while 
tliey act as miMubi'rs (d'the committee of tlie States. 

Ill detm-mlning (luestions in the United States In Congress assembled, each State 
sliall have one vote. 

Freedom of st)eiH-h and debate in Congress shall not be linpea(^hed or questioned in 
any court or place owi of Congress ; and tlie members of Congress shall be (troteetoii iu 
their [un'sons from arrests and imprisonments iluring the time of tlieir going to and 
from and attendance on Clongress, except for treason, felony, or breach of the peace. 

Aur. (!. No State, without the consent of the Unlt(>d States in (\)ngress assembled, 
.shall simd any embassy to, or receive any embassy from, or enter into any conference, 
agTeenioiit, ailiance, «)r treaty, with any king, prince, or state; nor shall any person 
holding any olllco of protlt or trust under the United States, or any of them, accept of 



STATISTICAL BE CORDS. 535 



any present, emolument, ofTlcc, or title of any kind whatever, from^any kin^', prince, or 
foreijiii state; nor shall the Uuitotl States in Congress assenibk'd, or any of them, grauc 
any title of nobility. 

No two or more States shall enter Into any treaty, confederation, or alliance what- 
ever, between them, without the consent of the United States in Congress assembled, 
specifying accurately the purposes for which the same is to bo catered into and how 
long it shall continue. 

No State shall lay any imposts or duties which may interfere willi any stipulations 
in treaties entered into by the United States in Congress assen\bled, with any king, 
prince, or state, in i)ursnanco of any treaties alreaily proposed by Congress to the 
courts of France and Spain. 

No vessel-ol-war shall be kept up in time of peace by any State, except such number 
only as shall be deemed necessary by the Ihiited Slates in Congress assembled lor the 
defence of such State or its trade; nor shall any botly of forces be kept up by any State 
in time of peace except such number only as in the judgment of the Uniteil States in 
Congress assembled, shall be deemed re(piisite to garrison t he forts necessary for the 
defence of such State; but every State shall always keep up a wcll-regulatetl and disci- 
plined militia, snfllciently armed and accoutred, and shall provide and have constantly 
ready for use, in public stores, a due number of lleUl-pieces and tents, and a proper 
quantity of arms, ammunition, and cami) ecptipage. 

No State shall eny;age in any war without the consent of the United States in Con- 
gress assembled, unless such State bo actually invaded by enemies, or shall have re- 
ceived certain advice of a resolution being formed by some; nation of Indians to invailo 
such State, and the danger is so imminent as not to admit of a delay till the United 
States in (Congress assembled can be consulted; nor shall any Slate grant commissions 
to any ships or vessels-of-war, nor letters of manpio or reprisal, except it be after a 
declaration of war by the United States in Congress assembled, and then only against; 
tlie kingdom or State and the subjects thereof, against which war has been so declared, 
and under such regulations as shall be establisheil by the United States in Congress 
nsseml)led, unless such State bo infested by pirates, in which case vessels-of-war may 
bo lltted out for that occasion, and kept so long as the tlanger shall continue, or until 
the United States in Congress assembled shall determine otherwise. 

Aur. 7. When land forces are raised by any State for the common defence, all otllcers 
of or under the rank of colonel, shall be appointed by tlu; legisluture of each Stale 
respectively, by whom such forces shall be raiscMl, or in such manni-r as such Stale shall 
direct, and all vacancies shall be filled n[) by the State which lirst made the appointment. 

AUT. 8. All charges of war, antl all other cxpcmses that shall be incurred lor tlie com- 
mon defence or general well'ari^ and allowed by the United .States in C'ongress assem- 
bled, shall Ije delVayed out of a common treasury, which shall be supplied by the several 
States in i)roportion to the value of all land within eacli State yraiited to or surveyed 
for any person, as such land ami the buildings and improvements thereon shall i)e esti- 
mated according to such mode as the United States in Congress assembled shall from 
time to time dirtU't and a))p()int. 

The taxes for paying that proportion shall bo laid and levied by the authority and 
dir(H;tion of the legislatures of the several States, within the time agreed upon by the 
United States in ("ongress assen\bled. 

AuT. i). The United States in Congress assembled shall have the sole and exclusive 
rig'it and power of determining on i)eace and war, except in the cases mentioned in the 
sixth article — of sending and receiving ambassadors — entering into treaticvs and alli- 
ances; provided, that no treaty of commerce shall be madi; whereby tlii! legislative 
power of the respective States shall be restrained from imposing such imi)osts and 
duties on foreigners as their own people are subjected to, or from i)rohil)iting tlie ex- 
portation or importation of aiiy species of goods or commodities whatsoever — of estab- 
lishing rules for deciding In all cases what captures on land or water shall l)(! legal, and 
in what manner prizes taken by land or naval forces in the service of the United States 
shall be divided or appropriated — of granting letters of manpie and rei)risal in times of 
peace— appointing courts for the trial of piracies and felonies committA'd on liie high 
seas, and establishing courts for receiving ami determining Ilnally appeals in all cases 
of captures : provided, that no member of Congress shall be appointed u judge of any 
of the said courts. 

The United States in Congress assembled shall also be the last resort on appeal in 
all disputes and diflerences now subsisting or that hereafter may arise between two or 
more States concerning boundar)'-, jurisdiction, or any other cause whatevi^r; which 
authority shall always be exercised in the manner following: wluMicvc'r the legislative 
or executive authority or lawful agent of any State in controversy with another shall 
present a petition to Congress, stating the nnitter in (piestion, and praying for a hear- 
ing, notice thereof shall be given by order of Congress to the legislative or executive 
authority of the other State in controversy, and a day assigned for the appearance of 
the parties, by their lawAd agents, who shall then be directed to appoint by joint con- 
sent commissioners or judges to constitute a court for hearing and determining the 



536 STATISTICAL BEC0BD8. 



matter in question ; but if tlaey cannot agree, Cougress shall name three persons out 
of each of the United States, and from the list of such persons each party shall alter- 
nately strike out one, the petitioners beginning, until the number shall be reduced to 
thirteen ; and from that number not less than seven nor more than nine names, as Con- 
gress shall direct, shall, in the presence of Congress, be drawn out by lot; and the per- 
sons whose names shall be so drawn, or any five of them, shall be commissioners or 
judges, to hear and finally determine the controversy, so always as a major part of the 
judges, who shall hear the cause, shall agree in the determination ; and if either party 
shall neglect to attend at the day appointed, without showing reasons which Congress 
shall judge sufficient,or being present shall refuse to strike, the Congress shall proceed 
to nominate three persons out of each State, and the secretary of Congress shall strike 
in behalf of such party absent or refusing ; and the judgment and sentence of the court, 
to be appointed in the manner before prescribed, shall be final and conclusive ; and if any 
of the parties shall refuse to submit to the authority of such court, or to appear, or de- 
feud their claim or cause, the court shall nevertheless proceed to pronounce sentence 
or judgment, which shall in like manner be final and decisive, the judgment or sentence 
and other proceedings being in either case transmitted to Congress, and lodged among 
the acts of Congress for the security of the parties concerned : provided, that ever}'' 
commissioner, before he sits in judgment, shall take an oath, to be administered by one 
of the judges of the supreme or superior court of the State, where the cause shall be 
tried, " well and truly to hear and determine the matter in question, according to the 
best of his judgment, without favor, affection, or hope of reward : " provided, also, that 
no State shall be deprived of territory for the benefit of the United States. 

All controversies concerning the private right of soil, claimed under difi"erent grants 
of two or more States, whose jurisdiction as they may respect such lands and the States 
which passed such grants are adjusted, the said grants or either of them being at the 
same time claimed to have originated antecedent to such settlement of jurisdiction, 
shall, on the petition of either party to the Congress of the United States, be finally 
determined, as near as may be, in the same manner as is before prescribed for deciding 
disputes respecting territorial jurisdiction between difl'erent States. 

The United States in Congress assembled shall also have the sole and exclusive right 
and power of regulating the alloy and value of coin struck by their own authority, or 
by that of the respective States — fixing the standard of weights and measures through- 
out the United States — regulating the trade and managing all aflairs with the Indians 
not members of any of the States : provided that the legislative right of any State 
within its own limits be not infringed or violated — establishing and regulating post-of- 
fices from one State to another throughout all the United States, and exacting such 
postage on the papers passing through the same, as may be requisite to defray the ex- 
penses of the said office — appointing all officers of the land forces in the service of the 
United States excepting regimental officers — appointing all the officers of the naval 
forces, and commissioning all officers whatever in the service of the United States — 
making rules for the government and regulation of the said laud and naval forces, and 
directing their operations. 

The United States in Congress assembled shall have authority to appoint a committee 
to sit in the recess of Congress, to be denominated " a committee of the States," and 
to consist of one delegate from each State ; and to appoint such other committees and 
civil officers as may be necessary for managing the general affairs of the United States, 
under their direction — to appoint one of their number to preside, provided that no per- 
son be allowed to serve in the office of president more than one year in any term of 
three years — to ascertain the necessary sums of money to be raised for the service of 
the United States, and to appropriate and apply the same for defraying the public ex- 
penses — to borrow money or emit bills on the credit of the United States, transmitting 
every half year to the i-espective States an account of the sums of money so borrowed 
or emitted — to build and equip a navy — to agree upon the number of land forces, and 
to make requisitions from each State for its quota, in proportion to the number of 
white inhabitants in such State ; which requisition shall be binding, and thereupon the 
legislature of each State shall appoint the regimental officers, raise the men, and clothe, 
arm, and equip them, in a soldier-like manner, at the expense of the United States ; and 
the officers and men so clothed, armed, and equipped, shall march to the place appoint- 
ed, and within the time agreed on by the United States in Congress assembled : but if 
the United States in Congress assembled, shall, on consideration of circumstances, 
judge proper that any State should not raise men or should raise a smaller number than 
its quota, and that any other State should raise a greater number of men than the quota 
thereof, such extra number shall be raised, officered, clothed, armed, and equipped, in' 
the same manner as the quota of such State, unless the legislature of such State shall 
judge that such extra number cannot safely be spared out of the same ; in which case 
they shall raise, officer, clothe, arm, and equip, as many of such extra number as they 
judge can be safely spared. And the officers and men so clothed, armed, and equipped, 
shall march to the place appointed, and within the time agreed on by the United States 
in Congress assembled. 



STATISTICAL BE COED 8. 537 



The United States in Congress assembled shall never engage in a war, nor grant 
letters of marque and reprisal in time of peace, nor enter into aiiy treaties or alliances, 
nor coin money, nor regulate the value thereof, nor ascertain the suras and expenses 
necessary for the defence and welfare of the United States or any of them, nor emit bills, 
nor borrow money on the credit of the United States, nor appropriate money, nor a,<>-ree 
upon the number of vessels-of-war to be built or purchased, or the number of land or 
sea forces to be raised, nor appoint a commander-iu-chief of the army and navy, uuless 
nine States assent to the same; nor shall a cjaestion on any other point, except for 
adjourning from day to day, be determined, unless by the votes of a majority of the 
United States in Congress assembled. 

The Congress of the United States shall have power to adjourn to any time within the 
year, and to anyplace within the United States, so that no period of adjournment be for 
a longer duration than the space of six months ; and shall publish the journal of their 
proceedings monthly, except such parts thereofrelating to treaties, alliances, or military 
operations, as in their judgment require secrecy ; and the yeas and nays of the delegates 
of each State on any question shall be entered on the journal, when it is desired by any 
delegate; and the delegates of a State, or any of them, at his or their request, shall be 
furnished with a transcript of the said journal, except such parts as are above excepted, 
to lay before the legislatures of the several States. 

' Art. 10. The committee of the States, or any nine of them, shall be authorized to 
execute, in the recess of Congress, such of the powers of Congress as the United States 
in Congress assembled, by the consent of nine States, shalf from time to time think 
expedient to vest them with ; provided that no power be delegated to the said committee, 
for the exercise of which, by the articles of confederation, the voice of nine States iu 
the Congress of the United States assembled is requisite. 

Art. U. Canada, acceding to this confederation, and joining in the measures of the 
United States, shall be admitted into, and entitled to, all the advantages of this Union ; 
but no other colony shall be admitted into the same uuless such admission be agreed to 
by nine States. 

Art. 12. All bills of credit emitted, moneys borrowed, and debts contracted, by or 
under the authority of Congress, before the assembling of the United States, iu pursu- 
ance of the present confederation, shall be deemed and considered as a charge against 
the United States, for payment aud satisfaction whereof the said United States and the 
public faith are hereby solemnly pledged. 

Art. 13. Every State shall abide by the decision of the United States, in Congress 
assembled, orl all questions which, by this confederation, are submitted to them. And 
the articles of this confederation shall be inviolably observed by every State, and the 
Union shall be perpetual; nor shall any alteration at any time hereafter be made iii 
any of them, unless such alteration be agreed to iu a Congress of the United States, 
and be afterward confirmed by the legislature of every State. 

And whereas it has pleased the great Governor of the world to incline the hearts of the 
legislatures we respectively represent in Congress, to approve of and to authorize us to 
ratify the said articles of confederation and perpetual Union; know ye, that we, the 
undesigned delegates, by virtue of the power and authority to us given for that purpose, 
do, by these presents, in the name and in behalf of our respective constituents, fully 
aud entirely ratify and confirm each and every of the said articles of confederation and 
perpetual Union, and all and singular the matters and things therein contained; and we 
do further solemnly pledge and engage the faith of our respective constituents, that they 
shall abide by- the determinations of the United States in Congress assembled, on ail 
questions which, by the said confederation, are submitted to them ; and that the articles 
thereof shall be inviolably observed by the States we respectively represent; and that 
the Union be perpetual. 

In witness whereof, we have hereunto set our hands, in Congress. Done at Philadel- 
phia, in the State of Pennsylvania, the ninth day of July, in the year of our Lord one 
thousand seven hundred and seventy-eight, aud in the third year of the independence 
of America. 

(' 
New Hampshire. Ehode Island. 

Josiah Bartlett, William Ellery, 

John Wentworth, Jr. ■'Tenry Marchant, 

ohn Collins. 
Massachusetts Bay. 
John Hancock, Connecticut. 

Samuel Adams, Eoger Sherman, 

Elbridge Gerry, Samuel Huntington, 

Francis Dana, Oliver Wolcott, 

James Lovell, Titus Hosmer, 

Samuel Holton. Andrew Adams. 



538 



STATISTICAL BECOBDS, 



New York. 
James Diiaiie, 
Francis Lewis, 
William Duer, 
Gouverneur Morris., 

New Jersey. 
John Witherspoon, 
Nath. Scadder. 

Pennsylvania. 

Robert Morris, 
Daniel Roberdeau, 
Jonathan Bayard Smith, 
William Clingan, 
Joseph Reed. 

Delaware. 
Thomas McKeau, 
John Dickinson, 
Nicholas Van Dyke. 

Maryland. 
John Hanson, 
Daniel Carroll. 



Virginia. 
Richard Henry Lee, 
John Banister, 
Thomas Adams, 
John Harvie, 
Francis Lightfoot Lee. 

North Carolina. 
John Penn, 
Cornelius Harnett, 
John Williams. 

South Carolina. 
Henry Laurens, 
William Henry Drayton, 
John Matthews, 
Richard Hutson, 
Thomas Heyward, Jr. 

Georgia. 
George Walton, 
Edward Telfair, 
Edward Langworthy. 



STATISTICAL BECOBDS. 539 



CONSTITUTION 



OF THE 



UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. 



^ [CAREFUIXY COMPAKED WITH THE OKIGHSTAL.] 

We, tlie People of the Tlnited States, in order to form a move perfect Union, establish 
justice, insure domestic tranquillity, provide for the common defence, promote the 
general welfare, and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity, 
do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America. 

AETICLE 1. 

Section 1. All legislative powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of 
the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Kepresentatives. 

Sect. 2. The House of Representatives shall be composed of members chosen every 
second year by the people of the several States, and the electors in each State shall 
have the qualifications requisite for electors of the most numerous branch of the State 
Legislature. 

No person shall be a Representative who shall not have attained to the age of twen- 
ty-five years, 'and been seven years a citizen of the United States, and who shall not, 
when elected, be an inhabitant of that State in which he shall be chosen. 

Representatives and direct taxes shall be apportioned among the several States which 
may be included within this Union, according to their respective numbers, which shall 
be determined by adding to the whole number of free persons, including those bound 
to service for a term of years, and excluding Indians not taxed, three-fifths of all other 
persons. The actual enumeration shall be made within three years after the first meet- 
ing of the Congress of the United States, and within every subsequent term of tea 
years, in such a manner as they shall by law direct. The number of Representatives 
shall not exceed one for every thirty thousand, but each State shall have at least one 
Representative; and until such enumeration shall be made, the State of New Hamp- 
shire shall be entitled to choose three, Massachusetts eight, Rhode Island and Provi- 
dence Plantations one, Connecticut five. New Yorli six, New Jersey four, Pennsylvania 
eight, Delaware one, Maryland six, Virginia ten, North Carolina five, South Carolina 
five, and Geoi'gia three. 

When vacancies happen in the representation from any State the executive authority 
thereof shall issue writs of election to fill such vacancies. 

The House of Representatives shall choose their Speaker and other officers; and 
shall have the sole power of Impeachment. 

Sect. 3. The Senate of the United States shall be composed of two Senators from 
each State, chosen by the Legislature thereof, for six years ; and each Senator shall 
have one vote. 

Immediately after they shall be assembled in consequence of the first election, they 
shall be divided as equally as may be into three classes. The seats 5f the Senators of 
the first class shall be vacated at the expiration of the second year, of the second class 
at the expiration of the fourth year, and of the third class at the expiration of the sixth 
year, so tliat one-third may be chosen every second year; and if vacancies happen by 
resignation or. otherwise, during the recess of the Legislature of any State, the Execu- 
tive thereof may make temporary appointments until the next meeting of the Legisla- 
ture, which shall then fill such vacancies. 

No person shall be a Senator who shall not have attained to the age of thirty years, 
and been nine years a citizen of the United States, and who shall not, when elected, be 
an inhabitant of that State for which he shall be chosen. 

The Vice-President of the United States shall be President of the Senate, but shall 
have no vote, unless they be equally divided. 



5fi0 STATISTICAL BE00BD8. 



The Senate shall choose their other officers, and also a President p?'o tempore in the 
absence of the Vice-President, or when he sliall exercise tlie otflce of President of the 
United States. 

The Senate shall have the sole power to try all impeachments. When sitting for 
that purpose they shall be on oath or affirmation. When the President of the "United 
States is tried the Chief Justice shall preside ; and no person shall be convicted with- 
out the concurrouce of two-thirds of the members present. 

Judgment iu cases of impsachmenfc shall not extend further than to removal from 
office, and disqualification to hold and enjoy any office of honor, trust, or profit under 
the United States; but the party convicted shall nevertheless be liable and subject to 
indictment, trial, judgment, and punishment, according to law. 

SECr. 4. The times, places, and manner of holdiug elections for Senators and Rep- 
resentatives shall be prescribed in each State by the Legislature thereof; but the 
Congress may at any time by law make oi' alter such regulations, except as to the 
places of choosing Senators. 

The Congress shall assemble at least once in every year, and such meeting shall be 
on the first Monday in December, unless they shall by law appoint a different day. 

Sect. 5. Each House shall be the judge of the elections, returns, and qualifications 
of its own members, and a majority of each shall constitute a quc^rum to do business ; 
but a smaller number may adjourn from day to day, and may be authorized to compel 
the attendance of absent members in such manner and under such penalties as each 
House may provide. 

Eacli House may determine the rules of its proceedings, punish its members for dis- 
orderly behavioi", and, with the concurrence of two-thirds, expel a membei*. 

Each House shall keep a journal of its proceedings, and from time to time publish 
the same, excepting such parts as may in their judgment require secrecy; and the yeas 
and nays of the members of either House on any question shall, at the desire of one- 
fifth of those present, be entered on the journal. ' 

Neither House during the session of Congress, shall, without the consent of the 
other, adjourn for more than three days, nor to any other place than that in which the 
two Houses shall be sitting. 

Sect. 6. The Senators and Representatives shall receive a compensation for their 
services, to be ascertained by law, and paid out of the Treasury of the United States. 
They shall in all cases, except treason, felony, and breach of the peace, be privileged 
from arrest, during their attendance at the session of their respective Houses, and in 
going to and returning from the same ; and for any speech or debate in either House 
they shall not be questioned in any other place. 

No Senator or Rapresentative shall, during the time for which he was elected, be 
appointed to any civil office under the authority of the United States, Avhich shall have 
been created, or the emoluments whereof shall have been increased during such time ; 
and no person holding any office under the United States shall be a member of either 
House during his continuance in office. 

Sect. 7. All bills for I'aising revenue shall originate in the House of Representatives ; 
but the Senate may propose or concur with amendments as on other bills. 

Every bill which shall have passed the House of Representatives and the Senate 
shall, before it becomes a law, be presented to the President of the United States ; if 
he approve he shall sign it, but if not he shall return it, witti his objections, to that 
House in which it shall have originated, who shall enter the objections at large on their 
journal, and proceed to reconsider it. If, after such reconsideration, two-thirds of 
that House shall agree to pass the bill, it shall be sent, together with the objections, to 
the other House, by wTiich it shall likewise be reconsidered, and if approved by two- 
thirds of that House it shall become a law. But iu all such cases the votes of both 
Houses shall be determined by yeas and nays, and the names of the pei'sons voting for 
and against the bill shall be entered on the journal of each House respectively. IJF any 
bill shall not be returned by the President within ten days (Sundays excepted) after it 
shall have been presented to him, the same shall be a law, in like manner as if he had 
signed it, unless the Congress, by their adjournment, prevent its return, iu which case 
it shall not be a lajv. 

Every order, resolution, or vote, to which the concurrence of the Senate and House 
of Representatives may be necessary (except on a question of adjournment), shall be 
presented to the President of the United States ; and before the same shall take effect, 
shall be approved by him, or, being disapproved by him, shall be repassed by two-thirds 
of the Senate and House of Representatives, according to the rules and limitations pre- 
scribed iu the case of a bill. 

Sect. 8, The Congress shall have power 

To lay and collect taxes, duties, imposts, and excises, to pay the debts and provide 
for the common defence and general welfare of the United States ; but all duties, im- 
posts, and excises shall be uniform throughout the United States ; 

To borrow money on the credit of the United States j 



STATISTICAL BECOBDS. 54I 



To regulate commerce with foreign nations, and among the several States, and with 
the Indian tribes ; 

To establish a uniform rule of naturalization, and uniform laws on the subject of 
bankruptcies throughout the United States ; 

To coin money, regulate the value thereof, and of foreign coin, and fix the standard 
of weights and measures ; 

To provide for the punishment of counterfeiting the securities and current coin of the 
United States; 

To establish post-offlces and post-roads ; 

To promote the progress of science and useful arts, by securing for limited times to 
authors and inventors the exclusive right to their respective writings and discoveries ; 

To constitute tribunals inferior to the Supreme Court; 

To define and punish piracies and felonies committed on the high seas, and offences 
against the law of nations ; 

To declare war, grant letters of marque and reprisal, and make rules concerning cap- 
tures on land and water ; 

To raise and support armies, bnt no appropriation of money to that use shall be for a 
longer term than two years ; 

To provide and maintain a navy; 

To make rules for the government and regulation of the land and naval forces; 

To provide for calling forth the militia to execute the laws of the Union, suppress 
insurrections, and repel invasions ; 

To provide for organizing, arming, and disciplining the militia, and for governing 
such part of them as may be employed in the service of the United States, reserving to 
the States respectively the appointment of the officers, and the authority of training the 
militia according to the discipline prescribed by Congress ; 

To exercise exclusive legislation, in all cases whatsoever, over such district (not ex- 
ceeding ten miles square), as may, by cession of particular States, and the acceptance 
of Congress, become the seat of the Government of the United States, and to exercise 
like authority over all places purchased by the consent of the Legislature of the State 
in which the same shall be, for the erection of forts, magazines, arsenals, dock-yards, 
and other needful buildings ; and 

To make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution the 
foregoing powers, and all other powers vested by this Constitution in the Government 
of the United States, or in any department or ofQcer thereof. 

Sect. 9. The migration or importation of such persons as any of the States now ex- 
isting shall think proper to admit, shall not be prohibited by the Congress prior to the 
year one thousand eight hundred and eight, but a tax or duty may be imposed on sach 
importation, not exceeding ten dollars for each person. 

The privilege of the Writ of Habeas Corpus shall not be suspended, unless when in 
cases of rebellion or invasion the public safety may require it. 

No bill of attainder or ex post facto law vshall be passed. 

No capitation or other direct tax shall be laid, unless in proportion to the census or 
enumeration hereinbefore directed to be taken. 

No tax or duty shall be laid on articles exported from any State. 

No preference shall be given by any regulation of commerce or revenue to the ports 
of one State over those of another ; nor shall vessels bound to or from one State be 
obliged to enter, clear, or pay duties in another. 

No money shall be drawn from the treasury, but in consequence of appropriations 
made by law ; and a regular statement and account of the receipts and expenditures of 
all public money shall be published from time to time. 

No title of nobility shall be granted by the United States; and no person holding any 
office of profit or trust under them shall, without the consent of the Congress, accept 
of any present, emolument, office, or title, of any kind whatever, from any king, prince, 
or foreign State. 

Sect. 10. No State shall enter into any treaty, alliance, or confederation ; grant let- 
ters of marque and reprisal; coin money; emit bills of credit; make anything but gold 
and silver coin a tender in payment of debts ; pass any bill of attainder, ex post facto 
law, or law impairing the obligations of contracts, or grant any title of nobility. 

No State shall, without the consent of the C(^ngress, lay any impostvS or duties on 
imports or exports, except what may be absolutely necessary for executing its inspec- 
tion laws ; and the net produce of all duties and imposts, laid by any State on imports 
or exports, shall be for the use of the Treasury of the United States ; and all such laws 
shall be subject to the revision and control of the Congress. 

No State shall, without the consent of Congress, lay any duty on tonnage, keep 
troops or ships-of-war in time of peace, enter into any agreement or compact with 
another State, or with a foreign power, or engage in war, unless actually invaded, or in 
such imminent danger as will not admit of delay. 



542 STATISTICAL BECOBDS. 



ARTICLE II. 

Section 1. The Executive power shall be vested in a President of the United States 
of America. He shall hold his office during the term of four years, and, together with 
the Vice-President, chosen for the same term, be elected as follows : — 

Each State shall appoint, in such manner as the Legislature thereof may direct, a 
number of Electors, equal to the whole number of Senators and Eopresentatives to 
which the State may be entitled in the Congress; but no Senator or Eepresentative, or 
person holding an office of trust or proflt under the United States, shall be appointed 
an- Elector. 

[* The Electors shall meet in their respective States, and vote by ballot for two per- 
sons, of whom one at leastshall not be an inhabitant of the same State with themselves. 
And they shall make a list of all the persons voted for, and of the number of votes for 
each; which list they shall sign and certify, and transmit sealed to the seat of the Gov- 
ernment of the United States, directed to the President of the Senate. The President 
of the Senate shall, in the presence of the Senate and House of Representatives, open 
all the certiticates, and the votes shall then be counted. The person having the greatest 
number of votes shall be the President, if such number be a majority of the whole num- 
ber of Electors appointed ; and if there be more than one who have such majority, and 
have an equal number of votes, then the House of Representatives shall immediately 
choose by ballot one of them for President ; and if no person have a majority, then from 
the five highest on the list the said House shall in like manner choose the President. 
But in choosing the President, the votes shall be taken by States, the representation 
from each State having one vote ; a quorum for this purpose shall consist of a member 
or members from two-thirds of the States, and a majority of all the States shall be 
necessary to a choice. In every case, after the choice of the President, the person 
having the greatest number of votes of the Electors shall be the Vice-President. But 
if there should remain two or more who have equal votes, the Senate shall choose from 
them by ballot the Vice-President.] 

The Congress may determine the time of choosing the Electors, and the day on 
which they shall give their vote ; which day shall be the same throughout the United 
States. 

No person except a natural-born citizen, or a citizen of the United States at the time 
of the adoption of this Constitution, shall be eligible to the office of President; neither 
shall any person be eligible to that odlce who shall not have attained to the age of 
thirty-five years, and been fourteen years a I'esident within the United States. 

In case of the removal of the President from office, or of his death, resignation, or 
inability to discharge the powers and duties of the said office, the same shall devolve 
on the Vice-President, and the Congress may by law provide for the case of removal, 
death, resignation, or inability, both of the President and Vice-President, declnring 
what officer shall then act as President, and such officer shall act accordingl}^ until the 
disability be removed, or a President shall be elected. 

The President shall, at stated times, receive for his services a compensation, which 
shall neither be increased nor diminished during the period for which he shall luive been 
elected, and he shall not receive within that period any other emolument fi-om the United 
States, or any of them. 

Before he enter on the execution of his office he shall take the following' oath or af- 
firmation : — 

" Ida solemnlii sioear (or affirm) that I will faithfully execute the office of President of the 
United States, and 'will, to the best of my ability, preserve, protect, and defend the Constitu- 
tion of the United States." 

Sect. 2. The President shall be Commander-in-chief of the Army and Navy of the 
United States, and of the Militia of the several States, when called into the actual ser- 
vice of the United States ; he- may require the opinion, in writing, of the principal officer 
in each of the Executive Departments, upon any subject relating to the duties of their 
respective offices, and he shall have power to grant reprieves and pardons for ott'ences 
against the United States, except in cases of impeachment. 

He shall have power, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, to make 
treaties, provided two-thirds of the Senators present concur; and he shall nominate, 
and, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, shall appoint Ambassadors, other 
public Ministers and Consuls, Judges of the Supreme Court, and all other officers of 
the United States, whose appointments are not herein otherwise provided for, and 
which shall be established by law, but the Congress may by law vest the appointment 
of such inferior officers, as they think proper, in the President alone, in the Courts of 
law, or in the Heads of Departments. 

• This clause within brackets lias been superseded and annulled by tlus latli amendment, on page 548. 



STATISTICAL BE COEDS. 543 

The President shall have power to All up all vacancies that may happen durins: tlie 
recess of the Senate, by granting commissions which shall expire at the end of their 
next session. 

Sect. 3. He shall from time to time give to the Congress information of the state of 
the Union, and recommend to their consideration such measures as he shall judge nec- 
essary and expedient; he may, on extraordinary occasions, convene both houses, or 
either of them, and, in case of disagreement between them with respect to the time of 
adjournment, he may adjourn them to such time as he shall think proper ; he shall re- 
ceive Ambassadors and other public Ministers ; he shall take care that the laws be 
faithfully executed, and shall commission all the officers of the United States. 

Sect. 4. The President, Vice President, and all civil officers of the United States, 
shall be removed from office on impeachment for, and conviction of, treason, bribery, or 
other high crimes and misdemeanors. 

ARTICLE III. 

Section 1. The judicial power of the United States shall be vested in one Supreme 
Court, and in such inferior courts as the Congress may from time to time ordain and 
establish. The Judges, both of the Supreme and inferior courts, shall hold their offices 
during good behavioi", and shall, at stated times, receive for their services a compensa- 
tion, which shall, not be diminished during their continuance in office. 

Sect. 2. The judicial power shall extend to all cases, in law and equity, arising 
under this Constitution, the laws of the United States, and treaties made, or which 
shall be made, under their authority; to all cases affecting Ambassadors, other public 
Ministers, and Consuls; to all cases of admiralty and maritime jurisdiction; to contro- 
versies to which the United States shall be a party; to controversies between two or 
more States; between a State and citizens of another State; between citizens of differ- 
ent States ; between citizens of the same State claiming lands under grants of different 
States ; and between a State, or the citizens thereof, and foreign States, citizens, or 
subjects. 

In all cases affecting Ambassadors, other public Ministers, and Consuls, and those in 
which a State shall be party, the Supreme Court shall have original jurisdiction. In all 
the other cases before mentioned, the Supreme Court shall have appellate jurisdiction, 
both as to law and fact, with such exceptions, aud under such regulations as the Con- 
gress shall make. 

The trial of all crimes, except in cases of impeachment, shall be by jury; and such 
trial shall be held in the State where the said crimes shall have been committed; but 
when not committed within any State, the trial shall be at such place or places as the 
Congress may by law have directed. 

Sect. 3. Treason against the United States shall consist only in levying war against 
them, or in adhering to their enemies, giving them aid and comfort. No person shall 
be convicted of treason, unless on the testimony of two witnesses to the same overt 
act, or on confession in open court. 

The Congress shall have power to declare the punishment of treason, but no attain- 
der of treason shall work corruption of blood, or forfeiture, except during the life of 
the person attainted. 

ARTICLE IV. 

Section 1. Full faith and credit shall be given in each State to the public acts, rec- 
ords, aud judicial proceedings of every other State. And the Congress may by general 
laws prescribe the manner in which such acts, records, and proceedings shall be proved, 
and the effect thereof. 

Sect. 2. The citizens of each State shall be entitled to all privileges and immunities 
of citizens in the several States. 

A person charged in any State with treason, felony, or other crime, who shall flee 
from justice, and be found in another State, shall, on demand of the Executive authority 
of the State from which he fled, be delivered up to be removed to the State having 
jurisdiction of the crime. 

No person held to service or labor in one State, under the laws thereof, escaping into 
another, shall, in consequence of any law or regulation therein, be discharged from such 
service or labor, but shall be delivered up on claim of the party to whom such service 
or labor may be due. 

Sect. 3. New States may be admitted by the Congress into this Union ; but no new 
State shall be formed or erected within the jurisdiction of any other State, nor any 
State be formed by the junction of two or more States, or parts of States, without the 
consent of the Legislatures of the States concerned, as well as of the Congress. 

The Congress shall have ]?bwer to dispose of, and make all needful rules and regula- 
tions respecting the territory or other property belonging to the United States; aud 



544 



STATISTICAL RF.COBDS. 



nothing in this Constitution shall be so construed as to prejudice any claims of the 
United States, or of any particular State. 

Sect. 4. The United States shall guarantee to every State in this Union a republi- 
can form of government, and shall protect each of them against invasion; and on ap- 
plication of the Legislature, or of the Executive (when the Legislature cannot be con- 
vened), against domestic violence. 

AETICLE V. 

The Congress, vphenever two-thirds of the House shall deem it necessary, shall pro- 
pose amendments to this Constitution, or, on the application of the Legislatures of two*, 
thirds of the several States, shall call a convention for proposing amendments, which, 
in either case, shall be valid to all intents and purposes, as part of this Constitution, 
when ratified by the Legislatures of three-fourths of the several States, or by conven- 
tions in three-fourths thereof, as the one or the other mode of ratification may be pro- 
posed by the Congress : Provided, that no amendment which may be made prior to the 
year one thousand eight hundred and eight, shall in any manner afi'ect the first and 
fourth clauses of the ninth section of the first article ; and that no State, without its 
consent, shall be deprived of its equal suffrage in the Senate. 

AETICLE VI. 

All debts contracted and engagements entered into before the adoption of this Con- 
stitution shall be as valid against the United States under this Constitution as under 
the Confederation. 

This Constitution, and the laws of the United States which shall be made in pursu- 
ance thereof, and all treaties made, or which shall be made, under the authority of the 
United States, shall be the supreme law of the land; and the Judges in every State 
shall be bound thereby, anything in the Constitution or laws of any State to the con- 
trary notwithstanding. 

The Senators and Eepresentatives before mentioned, and the members of the several 
State Legislatures, and all executive and judicial officers, both of the United States and 
of the several States, shall be bound by oath or affirmation to support this Constitu- 
tion; but no religious test shall ever be required as a qualification to any office or pub- 
lic trust under the United States. 

AETICLE VII. 

The ratification of the Conventions of nine States shall be sufficient for the establish- 
ment of this Constitution between the States so ratifying the same. 

Done in Convention, by the unanimous consent of the States present, the seventeenth 
day of September, in the year of our Lord one thousand seven hundred and eighty- 
seven, and of the Independence of the United States of America the twelfth. In 
WITNESS whereof, we have hereunto subscribed our names. 

George Washington, 
President, and Deputy from Virginia. 



■New Hampshire. 



John Langdon, 



Nicholas Gilman. 



Massachusetts. 
Nathaniel Gorham, Eufas King. 

Connecticut. 
William S. Johnson, Eoger Sherman. 



New York. 



Alexander Hamilton. 



William Livingston, 
William Paterson, . 



Benjamin Eranklin, 
Eobert Morris, 
Thomas Fitzsimmons, 
James Wilson, 



New Jersey. 



David Brearley, 
Jonathan Dayton. 



Pennsylvania. 



Thomas Miffiin, 
George Clymer, 
Jared'-Ingersoll, 
Gouverneur Morris. 



STATISTICAL BECOBDS. 



545 



Delaware. 



George Eead, 
John Dickinson, 
Jaco. Broom, 



James McHenry, 
Darriel Carroll, 



Gunning Bedford, Jr., 
Eichard Bassett. 



John 



'BM:^, 



Maryland. 



ViEGINIA. 



Daniel Jenifer, of St. Thomas. 



James Madison, Jr. 



NOBTH CaKOLINA. 



William Blount, 
Hugh Williamson, 



J. Kutledge, 
Charles Pinckney, 



William Eew, 
Attest : 



Eichard D. Speight. 



South Carolina. 



Geobgia. 



Charles C. Pinckney, 
Pierce Butler. 



Abraham Baldwin. 
William Jackson, Secretary. 



PROCEEDINGS 



CONVENTION WHICH FORMED THE CONSTITUTION. 



IN CONVENTION. 

Monday, September 17, 1787. 

Besolved, That the preceding Constitution be laid before the United States in Con- 
gress assembled ; and that it is the opinion of this Convention that it should afterwards 
be submitted to a Convention of Delegates, chosen in each State by the people thereof, 
under the recommendation of its Legislature, for their assent and ratification ; and 
that each Convention assenting to and ratifying the same should give notice thereof to 
the United States in Congress assembled. 

Besolved, That it is the opinion of this Convention that, as soon as the Conventions 
of nine States shall have ratified this Constitution, the United States in Congress as- 
sembled should fix a day on which Electors should be appointed by the States which 
shall have ratified the same, and a day on which Electors should assemble to vote for 
the President, and the time and place for commencing proceedings under this Consti- 
tution; that after such publication, the Electors should be appointed, and the Senators 
and Kepreseutatives elected ; that the Electors should meet on the day fixed for the 
election of the President, and should transmit their votes, certified, signed, sealed, and 
directed, as the Constitution requires, to the Secretary of the United States in Con- 
gress assembled; that the Senators and Eepreseutatives should convene at the lime 
and place assigned; that the Senators should appoint a President of the Senate, for the 
sole purpose of receiving, opening, and counting the votes for President; and that, 
after he shall be chose.n, the Congress, together with the President, should, without 
delay, proceed to execute this Constitution. 

By the unanimous order of the Convention. 

Geo. Washington, Fresident. 

William Jackson, Secretary. 

35 



546 STATISTICAL BEGOBDS. 



LETTER OF THE CONVENTION TO THE OLD CONGRESS. 



IN CONVENTION. 

September 17, 1787. 

Sir : We have now the honor to submit to the consideration of the United States in 
Congress assembled, that Constitution which has appeared to us the most advisable. 

The friends of our country have long seen and desired that the power of malving war, 
peace, and treaties ; that of levying money, and regulating commerce, and the corre- 
spondent executive and judicial authorities, should be fully and effectually vested in 
the General Government of the Union; but the impropriety of delegating such exten- 
sive trust to one body of men is evident ; hence results the necessity of a different or- 
ganization. 

It is obviously impracticable in the federal government of these States to secure all 
rights of independent sovereignty to each, and yet provide for the interest and safety 
of all. Individuals entering into society must give up a share of liberty to preserve 
the rest. The magnitude of the sacrifice must depend as well on situation and circum- 
stance as on the object to be obtained. It is at all times difiicult to draw with precis- 
ion the line between those rights which must be surrendered and those which may be 
reserved ; and, on the present occasion, this difficulty was increased by a difference 
among the several States as to their situation, extent, habits, and particular interests. 

In all our deliberations on this subject, we kept steadily in our view that whi£h 
appears to us the greatest interest of every true American, —the consolidation of our 
Union, — in which "is involved our prosperity, felicity, safety, perhaps our national ex- 
istence. This important consideration, seriously and deeply impressed on our minds, 
led each State in the Convention to be less rigid on points of inferior magnitude than 
might have been otherwise expected; and thus the Constitution which we now present 
is the result of a spirit of amity, and of that mutual deference and concession which the 
peculiarity of our political situation rendered indispensable. 

That it will meet the full and entire approbation of every State is not, perhaps, to be 
expected ; but each will doubtless consider that, had her interest been alone consulted, 
the consequences might have been particularly disagreeable or injurious to others. 
That it is liable to as few exceptions as could reasonably have been expected, we hope 
and believe. That it may promote the lasting welfare of that country so dear to us all, 
and secure her freedom and happiness, is our most ardent wish. 

With great respect, we have the honor to be, sir, your Excellency's most obedient, 
humble servants. 

By unanimous order of the Convention. 

Geo. Washington, President. 

His Excellency, the President of Congress. 



PROCEEDINGS IN THE OLD CONGRESS. 



UNITED STATES IN CONGRESS ASSEMBLED. 

Friday, September 28, 1787. 

JVeseni— New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Connecticut, New York, New Jersey, Penn- 
sylvania, Delaware, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia ; and from 
Maryland, Mr. Koss. 

Congress having received the report of the Convention lately assembled in Philadel- 
phia, — 

Eesolved, unanimously, That the said report, with the resolutions and letter accom- 
panying the same, be transmitted to the several Legislatures, in order to be submitted 
to a Convention of Delegates chosen in each State by the people thereof, in conformity 
to the resolves of the Convention made and provided in that case. 

Charles Thomson, Secretary. 



STATISTICAL BEC0BD8. 547 



STxiTE KATIFICATIONS OF THE CONSTITUTION. 

The Constitution was adopted September 17, 1787, by tlie Convention appointed in 
pursuance of the i-esolution of the Congress of the Confederation of February 21, 1787, 
and was ratified by the Conventions of the several States as follows, viz, : — 

By Convention of Delaware December 7, 1 787 

By Convention of Pennsylvania December 12, 1787 

By Convention of New Jersey December 18, 1787 

By Convention of Georgia January 2, 1788 

By Convention of Connecticut January 9, 1788 

By Convention of Massachusetts February 6, 1788 

By Convention of Maryland April 28, 1788 

By Convention of South Carolina May 23, 1788 

By Convention of New Hampshire June 21, 1788 

By Convention of Virginia June 26, 1788 

By Convention of New York July 26, 1788 

By Convention of North Carolina November, 21, 1788 

By Convention of Ehode Island May 29, 1790 



ARTICLES IN ADDITION TO, AND AMENDMENT OF, 
THE CONSTITUTION 

OF THE 

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, 

PKOPOSED BY COXGRESS, AND KATIFED BY THE LEGISLATURES OF THE SEVERAL STATES 
PURSUANT TO THE FIFTH ARTICLE OF THE ORIGINAL CONSTITUTION. 



AETICLE I. 

Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting 
the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press ; or the 
right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress 
of grievances. 

ARTICLE II. 

A well-regulated militia being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of 
the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed. 

ARTICLir III. 

No soldier shall, in time of peace, be quartered in any house, without the consent of 
the owner, nor in time of war, but in a manner to be prescribed by law. 

ARTICLE IV. 

The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, 
against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no warrants shall 
issue, but upon probable cause, supported by oath or affirmation, and particularly 
describing the place to be searched, and the person or things to be seized. 



548 STATISTICAL BEGOBDS, 



AETICLE V. 

No person shall be held to answer for a capital, or otherwise infamous crime, unless 
on a presentment or indictment of a grand jury, except in cases arising in the land or 
naval forces, or in the militia, when in actual service in time of war or public danger; 
nor shall any person be subject for ihe same offence to be twice put in jeopardy of life 
or limb ; nor shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself, 
nor be deprived of life, liberty or property, without due process of law; nor shall pri- 
vate property be taken for public use, without just compensation. 

AETICLE VI. 

In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public 
trial, by an impartial jury of the State and district wherein the crime shall have been 
committed, which district shall have been previously ascertained by law, and to be 
informed of the nature and cause of the accusation; to be confronted witli the wit- 
nesses against him; to have compulsory process for obtaiiiing witnesses in his favor, 
and to have the assistance of counsel for his defence. 

AETICLE VII. 

In suits at common law, where the value in controversy shall exceed twenty dollars, 
the right of trial by jury shall be preserved, and no fact tried by a jury shall be other- 
wise re-examined in any court of the United States, than according to the rules of the 
common law. 

AETICLE VIII. 

Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive lines imposed, nor cruel and un- 
usual punishments inflicted. 

AETICLE IX. 

The enumeration in the Constitution of certain rights shall not be construed to deny 
or disparage others retained by the people. 

AETICLE X. 

The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by 
it to the States, are reserved to the States, respectively, or to the people. 

AETICLE XI. 

The judicial power of the United States shall not be construed to extend to any suit 
inlaw or equity commenced or prosecuted against one of the United States by citizens 
of another State, or by citizens or subjects of any foreign State. 

AETICLE XII. 

The electors shall meet in their respective States, and vote by ballot for President 
and Vice-President, one of Avhom, at least, shall not be an inhabitant of the same State 
with themselves ; they shall name in their ballots the person voted for as President, 
and in distinct ballots the person voted for as Vice-President, and they shall mal^e dis- 
tinct lists of all persons voted for as President, and of all persons Voted for as Vice- 
President, and of the number of votes for each, which lists they shall sign and certify, 
and transmit sealed to the seat of the Government of the United States, directed to the 
President of the Senate. The President^pf the Senate shall, in presence of the Senate 
and House of Eepresentatives, open all the certificates, and the votes shall then be 
counted ; the person having the greatest number of votes for President shall be the 
President, if such number be a majority of the whole number of Electors appointed; 
and if no person have such majority, then from the persons having the highest num- 
bers, not exceeding three on the 'list of those voted for as President, the House of Eep- 
resentatives shall choose immediately, by ballot, the President. But in choosing the 
President, the votes shall be taken by States, the representation from each JState having 
one vote ; a quorum for this purpose shall consist of a member or members from 
two-thirds of the States, and a majority of all the States shall be necessary to a 
choice. And if the House of Eepresentatives shall not choose a President whenever 
the right of choice shall devolve upon them before the fourth day of March next fol- 



STATISTICAL BEGOBDS. 549 



lowing, then the Vice-President shall act as President, as in the case of the death or 
other constitutional disability of the President. The person havinij the greatest num- 
ber of votes as Vice-President shall be the Vice-President, if such number be a 
majority of the whole number of Electors appointed ; and if no person have a majority, 
then from the two highest numbers on the list the Senate shall choose the Vice-Presi- 
dent ; a quorum for the purpose shall consist of two-thirds of the whole number of 
Senators, and a majority of the whole number shall be necessary to a choice. But no 
person constitutionally ineligible to the office of President shall be eligible to that of 
Vice-President of the United States. 

AETICLE XIII. 

Section 1. Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for 
crime, whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United 
States or any place subject to their jurisdiction. 

Section 2, Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legis- 
lation. 



THE FOLLOWING IS PREFIXED TO THE FIKST TEN* OF THE PRECEDING AMENDMENTS. 

CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES, 

BEGUN AND HELD AT THE CITY OF NEW YORK, ON WEDNESDAY, THE FOURTH OF 
MARCH, ONE THOUSAND SEVEN HUNDRED AND EIGHTY-NINE. 

The Conventions of a number of the States having, at the time of their adopting the 
Constitution, expressed a desire, in order to prevent misconstruction or abuse of its 
powers, that further declaratory and restrictive clauses should be added; and as ex- 
tending the ground of public confidence in the Government will best insure the benefi- 
cent ends of its institution, — 

Hesolved, by the Senate and House of Eepresentatives of the United States of America, 
in Congress assembled, two-thirds of botli Houses concurring. That the following 
articles be proposed to the Legislatures of tlie several States, as amendments to the 
Constitution of the United States, all or any of which articles, when ratified by three- 
fourths of the said Legislatures, to be valid to all intents and purposes, as part of the 
said Constitution, viz. : — 

Ai'ticles in addition to, and amendment of, the Constitution of the United States of 
America, proposed by Congress and ratified by the Legislatures of the several States, 
pursuant to tlie Fifth Article of the original Constitution. 

The first ten amendments of the Constitution were ratified by the States as follows, 
viz. : — 

By New Jersey November 20, 1789. 

By Maryland December 19, 1789. 

By North Carolina December 22, 1789. 

By South Carolina January 1.9, 1790. 

By New Hampshire January 25, 1790. 

By Delaware January 28, 1790. 

By Pennsylvania March 10, 1790. 

By New York March 27, 1790. 

By Rhode Island June 15, 1700. 

By Vermont November 3, 1791. 

By Virginia December 15, 1791. 

*It may be proper here to state that twelve articles of amenclrnent were proposed by the First Con- 

fress, of which but ten were ratified by the States— the lirst and second in order not having been ratified 
y the requisite number of States. 
Tliese two were as follows : — 

Article Firsi.— After the first enumeration required by the First Article of the Constitution, there shall 
be one Representative for every thirty thousand, until the number shall amount to one hundred, after 
■which tlie proportion shall be so regulated by Congress that there shall not be less than one hundred 
Representatives, nor less than one Representative for every forty thousand persons, until the numler of 
Representatives shall amount to two hundi-ed, after which the proportion shall be so regulated by Con- 
gress that there shall not be less than two hundred Representatives, nor more than one Representative 
to every fifty thousand persons. 

Article i'ecojw/.— Xo law varying the compensation for the services of the Senators and Representa- 
tives shall take etiect until an election of Re^jresentatives shall have intervened. 



550 STATISTICAL BEC0BD8. 

THE FOLLOWING IS PREFIXED TO THE ELEVENTH OP THE PEECEDING AMENDMENTS. 

THIRD CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES, 

AT THE FIRST SESSION, BEGUN AND HELD AT THE CITY OF PHILADELPHIA, IN THE STATE 
OF PENNSYLVANIA, ON MONDAY, THE SECOND OF DECEMBER, ONE THOUSAND SEVEN 
-HUNDRED AND NINETY-THREE. 

Besolved, by the Senate and House of Bepresentatives of the United States of America, 
in Congress assembled, two-thirds of both Houses concurring, That the following 
article be proposed to the Legislatures of the several States as an amendment to the 
Constitution of the United States ; which, when ratified by three-fourths of the said 
Legislatures, shall be valid as part of the said Constitution, viz. : 



THE FOLLOWING IS PREFIXED TO THE TWELFTH OF THE PRECEDING AMENDMENTS. 

EIGHTH CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES, 

AT THE FIRST SESSION, BEGUN AND HELD AT THE CITY OF WASHINGTON, IN THE TERRI- 
TORY OF COLUMBIA, ON MONDAY, THE SEVENTEENTH OF OCTOBER, ONE THOUSAND EIGHT 
HUNDRED AND THREE. 

Besolved, by the Senate and House of Bepresentatives of the United States of America, 
in Congress assembled, two-thirds of both Houses concurring, That in lieu of the 
third paragraph of the first session of the Second Article of the Constitution of the 
United States, the following be proposed as an amendment to the Constitution of 
the United States ; which, when ratified by three-fourths of the Legislatures of the 
several States, shall be valid to all intents and purposes, as part of the said Constitu- 
tion, to wit : 

The ten first of the preceding amendments were proposed at the first session of the 
Eirst Congress of the United States, September 25, 1789, and were finally ratified by 
the constitutional number of States, December 15, 1791. The eleventh amendment was 
proposed at the first session of the Third Congress, March 5, 1794, and was declared, 
in a message from the President of the United States to both Houses of Congress, dated 
January 8, 1798, to have been adopted by the constitutional number of States. The 
twelfth amendment was proposed at the first session of the Eighth Congress, December 
12, 1803, and was adopted by the constitutional number of States in 1804, according to 
a public notice thereof by the Secretary of State, dated September 25 of the same year. 



THE FOLLOWING IS PREFIXED TO THE THIRTEENTH OF THE PRECEDING AMENDMENTS. 

THIRTY-EIGHTH CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES, 

AT THE SECOND SESSION, BEGUN AND HELD AT THE CITY OF WASHINGTON, DISTRICT OF 
COLUMBIA, ON THE FIRST DAY OF FEBRUARY, EIGHTEEN HUNDRED AND SIXTY-FIVE. " 

Besolved, by the Senate and House of Bepresentatives of the United, States of America, 
in Congress assembled, two-thirds of both Houses concurring, That the following 
article be proposed to the Legislatures of the several States, as an amendment to the 
Constitution of the United States, which, when ratified by three-fourths of said Legis- 
latures, shall be valid, to all intents and purposes, as a part of said Constitution, 
namely : 

This amendment was declared adopted on the 18th day of December, 1865, at which 
time it had been duly ratified by the Legislatures of the States of Illinois, Rhode Island, 
Michigan, Maryland, New York, West Virginia, Maine, Kansas, Massachusetts, Penn- 



STATISTICAL BECOBDS. 



551 



sylvania, Virginia, Ohio, Missouri, Nevada, Indiana, Louisiana, Minnesota, Wisconsin, 
Vermont, Tennessee, Arkansas, Connecticut, New Hampshire, South Carolina, Alabama, 
North Carolina, and Georgia— iu all, 27 States. 



THE SEAT OF THE GENERAL GOVERNMENT. 

The Act of Congress, locating the seat of the General Government on the river Po- 
tomac, was approved by President Washington, July 16, 1790 ; the Commissioners who 
decided that it should bear the name of the Father of his Country, were Thomas John- 
son, David Stuart, and Daniel Carroll; the public offices were removed from Philadel- 
phia in June, 1800 ; the first meeting of Congress took place here on the third Monday 
of November of that year; and the Act assuming jurisdiction was approved by Presi- 
dent John Adams, February 27, 1801. The naine of the spot once occupied by the 
Manahoac and Monacan Indians, and now by the Federal city, was Conococheague, 
meaning Soaring Waters, from the number of brooks In the vicinity. The site of the 
National Capitol was once owned by a man named Pope, who gave it the name of Rome, 
and thus became the Pope of Rome ; and the chief owners of the surrounding lands 
were D. Carroll, N. Young, and D. Burns, who cultivated corn, tobacco, and wheat 
where the city now stands. The place was incorporated as a city May 3, 1802, and was 
visited and partly destroyed by British troops in 1814. The Public Buildings, as they 
at present exist, are the Capitol; the Executive Mansion; the Treasury Building, a part 
of which it is understood will hereafter be assigned to the Department of State ; the 
War and Navy Departments ; the Interior Depar'tment, in which is located the Patent 
Office ; and the General Post Office. In addition to the above, the National Metropolis 
also contains a Navy Yard, a National Observatory, a National Printing Office, an 
Armory, an Arsenal, a Penitentiary, a Military Asylum, the Columbian Institution for 
the Deaf, Dumb, and Blind, a Hospital for the Insane, the Smithsonian Institution, a 
City Hall, Columbian College, an Infirmary, a National Cemetery, as well as a plentiful 
supply of Churches, Hotels, Libraries, and Charitable Establishments. The parks or 
open grounds of the city are spacious, generally kept with care, and to some extent 
interspersed with fountains and statues ; and the place is "amply supplied with pure 
water, brought about twelve miles, by an extensive aqueduct, from the Great Falls of 
the Potomac. The City of Georgetown, though a separate corporation, is in reality a 
part of Washington City, lies at the head of navigation, is the outlet for the Ohio and 
Chesapeake Canal, and contains, among other attractions, a Roman Catholic College, a 
Convent, an extensive Cemetery, and many handsome private residences. 

As Washington is the home of the General Government, in which the people, through- 
out the country are interested, the subjoined table has been prepared from official 
sources : — 

TABLE OF DISTANCES, BY THE SHORTEST MAIL ROUTES, FROM WASHING- 
TON TO THE RESPECTIVE CAPITALS AND LEADING CITIES OF THE SEV- 
ERAL STATES AND TERRITORIES. 



Augusta, Maine, 
Bath, " 

Portland, " 
Lewiston, " 
Bangor, " 

Concord, New HampsMre, 
Manchester, " 
Portsmouth, " 
Montpelier, Vermont, 
Burlington, " 
Rutland, " 

Boston, Massachusetts, 
Lawrence, " 

Lowell, " 



Uiles. 

640 
612 
576 
609 
713 
510 
527 
524 
536 
533 
467 
468 
494 
493 



Springfield, Massachusetts, 


372 


Worcester, " 


427 


Fall River, " 


415 


New Bedford, " 


413 


Newburyport, " 


502 


Cambridge, " 


471 


Salem, " 


484 


Taunton, " 


456 


Providence, Rhode Island, 


422 


Newport, " 


402 


Pawtucket, 


426 


New Haven, Connecticut, 


308 


Hartford, 


S4i 


Norwich, " 


371 



552 



STATISTICAL BEOOBDS. 



New London, Connecticut, 
Bridgeport, " 

Middletown, " 

Waterbury, " 

Albany, Sew York, 
New York, " 
Buffalo, « 

Rochester, <« 
Syracuse, " 
Auburn, " 

Lockport, " 
Newburgh, " 
Oswego, " 

Schenectady, " 
Troy, " 

Utica, " 

Watertown, " 
Binghampton, " 
Poughkeepsie," 
Trenton, New Jersey, 
Newark, " 

Jersey City, " 
New Brunswick, " 
Paterson, " 

Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, 
Erie, " 

Lancaster, " 

Philadelphia, " 

Pittsburgh, " 

Pottsville, " 

Reading, " 

Westchester, " 

Williamsport, " 

York, " 

Dover, Delaware, 
Wilmington, " 
Annapolis, Maryland, 
Baltimore, " 

Cumberland, " 
Richmond, Virginia, 
Petersborough, " 
Norfolk, " 

Raleigh, North Carolina, 
Wilmington, " 

Columbia, South Carolina, 
Charleston, " 

Milledgeville, Georgia, 
Savannah, " 

Augusta, " 

Macon, " 

Tallahassee, Florida 
Montgomery, Alabama, 
M:obile, " 

Jackson, Mississippi, 
Baton Rouge, Louisiana, 
New Orleans, " 

Austin, Texas, 
Galveston, " 
Little Rock, Arkansas, 
Nashville, Tennessee, 
Memphis, " 

Frankfort, Kentucky, 
Lexington, " 

Louisville, " 

Columbus, Ohio,- 



Miles. 

358 
390 
Zii 
429 
37(5 
232 
447 
409 
437 
416 
471 
293 
473 
393 
383 
471 
548 
857 
307 
172 
228 
231 
200 
247 
126 
469 
128 
142 
375 
192 
157 
173 
221 
98 
158 
108 
42 
39 
201 
131 
122 
200 
316 
416 
523 
540 
832 
630 
510 
689 
961 
900 
1033 
1097 
1299 
1260 
1813 
1888 
1087 
777 
893 
742 
736 
785 
635 



Chillicothe, Ohio, 

Cincinnati, " 

Cleveland, " 

Dayton, " 

Hamilton, " 

Marietta, " 

Mount Vernon, " 

Sandusky, " 

Springfield, " 

Toledo, " 

Xenia, <' 

Zanesville, " 

Indianapolis, Indiana, 

Fort Wayne, " 

La Fayette, " 

Logansport, " 

Madison, " 

New Albany, " 

Terre Haute, " 

Vincennes, " 

Springfield, Illinois, 

Bloomington, " 

Cairo, <« 

Chicago, " 

Decatur, " 

Galena, " 

Peoria, " 

Quincy, " 

Lansing, Michigan, 

Ann Arbor, " 

Detroit, " 

Grand Rapids, " 

Monroe, " 

Jefferson City, Missouri, 

St. Louis, " 

St. Joseph, «' 

Des Moines, Iowa, 

Burlington, " 

Davenport, " 

Iowa City, <' 

Muscatine, " 

Dubuque, " 

Madison, Wisconsin, 

Janesville, " 

Milwaukee, " 

Racine, " 

Sacramento City, California, 

Marysville, « ' 

San Francisco, " 

Stockton, " 

St. Paul, Minnesota, 

Salem, Oregon, 

Topeka, Kansas, 

Wheeling, West Virginia, 

Carson City, Nevada, 

Omaha, Nebraska, 

Santa Fe, Territory of New MexicOj 

Salt Lake City, Territory of Utah, 

Olympia, Washington Territory, 

Golden City, Colorado " 

Yancton, Dacotah " 

Prescott, Arizona " 

Boise City, Idaho " 

Virginia .City, Montana " 



MUes. 

512 
655 
616 
606 
641 
418 
627 
577 
580 
630 
590 
476 
722 
694 
788 
766 
740 
797 
795 
848 
963 
918 
1052 
844 
924 
1016 
938 
1076 
747 
732 
694 
853 
654 
1079 
952 
1448 
1200 
1052 
1027 
1081 
1065 
1034 
976 
936 
981 
907 
3173 
3268 
3353 
3289 
1293 
8744 
1307 
467 
3004 
1337 
2122 
2431 
3625 
1856 
1404 
2928 
2824 
2837 



STATISTICAL BEC0BD8. 553 



OEGANIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE DEPAKTMENTS. 



STATE DEPARTMENT. 

This Department is managed by the Secretary of State, and two Assistant Secretaries. 

DIPLOMATIC BRAKCH. 

This branch has charge of all correspondence between the Department and other 
diplomatic agents of the United States, abroad, and those of foreign powers accredited 
to this Government. In it all diplomatic instructions sent from the Department, and 
communications to Commissioners under ti'eaties of boundaries, etc., are prepared, 
copied, and recorded ; and all of like character received are registered and filed, their 
contents being first entered in an analytic table or index. 

CONSULAR BRANCH. 

This branch has charge of the correspondence, etc., between the Department and the 
Consuls and Commercial Agents of the United States. In it instructions to those offi- 
cers, and answers to their despatches and to letters from other persons asking for con- 
sular agency, or relating to consular affairs, are prepared and recorded. 

THE DISBURSING AGENT. 

He has charge of all correspondence and other matters connected with accounts re- 
lating to any fund with the disbursement of which the Department is charged. 

THE TRANSLATOR. 

His duties are to furnish such translations as the Department may require. He also 
records the commissions of Consuls and Vice-Consuls, when not in English, upon 
which exequaturs are issued. 

CLERK OP APPOINTMENTS AND COMMISSIONS. 

He makes out and records commissions, letters of appointment, and nominations to 
the Senate ; malvcs out and records exequaturs, and records, when in English, the com- 
missions on which they are issued. Has charge of the library. 

CLERK OF THE ROLLS AND ARCHIVES. 

He takes charge of the rolls, or enrolled acts and resolutions of Congress, as they are 
received at the Department from the President ; prepares the authenticated copies thei'e- 
of which are called for; prepares for and superintends their publication, and that of 
treaties, in the newspapers and ia book form; attends to their distribution throughout 
the United States, and that of all documents and publications in regard to which this 
duty is assigned to the Department; writing and answering all letters connected there- 
with. Has charge of all Indian treaties, and business relating thereto. 

CLERK OF TERRITORIAL BUSINESS — THE SEAL OF THE DEPARTMENT. 

He has charge of the seals of the United States and of the Department, and prepares 
and attaches certificates to papers presented for authentication; has chai'ge of the ter- 
ritorial business ; immigration and registered seamen; records all letters from the De- 
partment other than the diplomatic and consular. 

CLERK OF PARDONS AND PASSPORTS. 

He prepares and records pardons and remissions, and registers and flies the petitions 
and papers on which they are founded. Makes out and records passports ; keeps a 



554 STATISTICAL BE COEDS. 



daily register of all letters, other .than diplomatic and consular, received, and of the 
disposition made of them ; prepares letters relating to this business. 

SUPERINTENDENT OP STATISTICS. 

He superintends the preparation of the " Annual Report of the Secretary of State on 
Foreign Commerce," as required by the Acts of 1842 and 1856. 



ATTOENEY-GENERAL'S OFFICE. 

The Attorney-General of the United States is at the head of this office, and has an 
Assistant Attorney-General. Its ordinary business may be classified under the follow- 
ing heads : — 

1. Official opinions on the current business of the Government, as called for by the 
President, by any head of Department, or by the Solicitor of the Treasury. 

2. Examination. of the titles of all land purchased, as the sites of arsenals, custom- 
houses, light-houses, and all other public works of the United States. 

3. Applications for pardons in all cases of conviction in the courts of the United 
States. 

4. Applications for appointment in all the judicial and legal business of the Govern- 
ment. 

5. The conduct and argument of all suits in the Supreme Court of the United States 
in which the Government is concerned. 

6. The supervision of all other suits arising in any of the Departments, when re- 
ferred by the head thereof to the Attorney-General. 

To these ordinary heads of the business of the office has been added the direction of 
all appeals on land claims in California. 



INTERIOR DEPARTMENT. 

This Department is in charge of the Secretary of the Interior, and one Assistant Sec- 
retary, who have the supervision and management of the following branches of the 
public service : — 

THE PUBLIC LANDS. 

The chief of this office is called the Commissioner of the General Land Office. It is 
charged with the survey, management, and sale of the public domain, and the issuing 
of titles therefor, whether derived from confirmation of grants made by former gov- 
ernments, by sales, donations, of grants for schools, military bounties, or public 
improvements, and likewise the revision of Virginia military bounty land claims, 
aad the issuing of scrip in lieu thereof. The Land Office, also, audits its own ac- 
counts. 

PENSIONS. 

The Commissioner of this bureau is charged with the examination and adjudication 
of all claims arising under the various and numerous laws passed by Congress, granting 
bounty-laud or pensions for the military or naval service in the Revolutionary and sub- 
sequent wars in which the United States have been engaged. 

INDIANS. 

This bureau is in charge of a Commissioner of Indian Affairs, who has control of all 
business connected with the Indian tribes. 

PATENT OFFICE. 

To this bureau, whose head is called a Commissioner, is committed the execution 
and performance of all " acts and things touching and respecting the granting and is- 
suing of patents for new and useful discoveries, inventions, and improvements ; " and 
the collection of statistics. 

An Act of Congress provided that all books, maps, charts, and other publications 



STATISTICAL BEOOBDS. 555 



hei'etofore deposited in the Department of State, according to tlie laws regulating 
copyrights, should be removed to the Department of the Interior, which is charged 
with all the duties connected with matters pertaining to copyright; which duties have 
been assigned by the Secretary of the Interior to the Patent Office, as belonging most 
appropriate]}' to this branch of the service. 

Besides the above principal branches of this Executive Department, the organic act 
of 1849 transferred to it, from the Treasury Department, the supervision of the ac- 
counts of the United States Marshals and Attorneys, and the Clerks of the United 
States Courts, the management of the lead and other mines of the United States, and 
the affairs of the Penitentiary of the United States in the DistricL of Columbia; and 
ftom the State Department, the duty of taking and returning the Censuses of the 
United States, and of supervising and directing the acts of the Commissioner of Pub- 
lic Buildings. The Hospital for the Insane of the Army and Navy, and of the District 
of Columbia is also under the management of this Department. It also has jurisdic- 
tion over what is called the Eeturns Office, where all the contracts made by the Gov- 
ernment are deposited for reference. 

Under act of February 5, 1859, "providing for keeping and distributing all public 
documents, all the books, documents, etc., printed or purchased by the Government," 
the Annals of Congress, American State Papers, American Archives, Jefferson's and 
Adams's works, are transferred to this Department from the State Department, Library 
of Congress, and elsewhere. These works are distributed to those who are by law 
entitled to receive them, and to such "colleges, public libraries, athenseums, literary 
and scientific institutions, boards of trade, or public associations," as shall be desig- 
nated by the members of Congress. 

DEPAETMENT OB" AGKICULTUKE. 

This branch of public business is in charge of a Commissioner, and has been re- 
organized into a Depai'tment, and is independent of the Interior Department, of which 
it was formerly a subordinate bureau. 

BUREAU OF EDUCATION. 

This is an independent Bureau, the duties of wMcli may be gathered from its title, 
and is in charge of a Commissioner. 



TREASUEY DEPARTMENT. 

The Treasury Department is in charge of the Secretary of the Treasury, and two As- 
sistant Secretaries, and the following is a brief indication of the duties of the several 
bureaus : — 

seceetakt's office. 

The Secretary is charged with the general supervision of the fiscal transactions of 
the Government, and of the execution of the laws concerning the commerce and navi- 
gation of the United States. He superintends the survey of the coast, the light-house 
establishment, the marine hospitals of the United States, and the construction of cer- 
tain public buildings for custom-houses and other purposes. 

FIEST COMPTKOLLER'S OFFICE. 

He prescribes the mode of keeping and rendering accounts for the civil and diplo- 
matic service, as well as the public lands, and revises and certifies the balances arising 
thereon. 

SECOND comptroller's OFFICE. 

He prescribes the mode of keeping and rendering the accounts of the Army and 
Navy, and of the Indian and Pension Bureaus, of the public service, and revises and 
certifies the balances arising thereon. 

OFFICE COMMISSIONER OF CUSTOMS. 

He prescribes the mode of keeping and rendering the accounts of the customs revenue 
and disbursements, and for the building and repairing custom-houses, etc., and revises 
and certifies the balances arising thereon. 



556 STATISTICAL BEOOBDS. 



FIRST auditor's OFFICE. 

He receives and adjusts the accounts of the customs revenue and disbursements, appro- ' 
pi-lations and expenditures on the account of the civil list and under private acts of 
Congress, and reports the balances to the Commissioner of the Customs and the First 
Comptroller, respectively, for their decision tlaereon. 

SECOND auditor's OFFICE. 

He receives and adjusts all accounts relating to the pay, clothing, and recruiting of 
the army, as well as armories, arsenals, and ordnance, and all accounts relating to the 
Indian Department, and reports the balances to the Second Comptroller for his decision 
thereon. 

THIRD auditor's OFFICE. 

He receives and adjusts all accounts for subsistence of the army, fortifications. Mili- 
tary Academy, military roads, and the Quartermaster's Department, as well as for pen- 
sions, claims arising from military services previous to 1816, and for horses and other 
property lost in the military service, under various acts of Congress, and reports the 
balances to the Second Comptroller for his decision thereon. 

fourth auditor's office. 

He receives and adjusts all accounts for the service of the Navy Department, and 
reports the balances to the Second Comptroller for his decision thereon. 

FIFTH auditor's OFFICE. 

He receives and adjusts all accounts for diplomatic and similar services performed 
under the direction of the State Department, and reports the balances to the First Comp- 
troller for his decision thereon. 

SIXTH auditor's OFFICE. 

He receives and adjusts all accounts arising from the service of the Post Office Depart- 
ment. His decisions are final, unless an appeal be taken in twelve months to the First 
Comptroller. He superintends the collection of all debts due the Post Office Department, 
and all penalties and forfeitures imposed on postmasters and mail contractors for failing 
to do their duty; he directs suits and legal proceedings, civil and criminal, and takes 
all such measures as may be authorized by law to enforce the prompt payment of moneys 
due to the department; instructing United States attorneys, marshals, and clerks in all 
matters relating thereto ; and receives returns from each term of the United States Courts 
of the condition and progress of such suits and legal proceedings ; has charge of all 
lands and other property assigned to the United States in payment of debts due the 
Post Office Department, and has power to sell and dispose of the same for the benefit 
of the United States. 

treasurer's OFFICE. 

He receives and keeps the moneys of the United States in his own office, and that of 
the depositaries created by the Act of August 6, 1846, and pays out the same upon war- 
rants drawn by the Secretary of the Treasury, countersigned by the First Comptroller, 
and upon warrants drawn by the Postmaster-General, countersigned by the Sixth 
Auditor, and recorded by the Register. He also holds public moneys advanced by war- 
rants to disbursing officers, and pays out the same upon their checks. 

register's OFFICE. 

He keeps the accounts of public receipts and expenditures ; receives the returns and 
makes out the official statement of commerce and navigation of the United States; and 
receives from the First Comptroller and Commissioner of Customs all accounts and 
vouchers decided by them, and is charged by law with their safe-keeping. 

solicitor's office. 

He superintends all civil suits commenced by the United States (except those arising 
in the Post Office Department), and instructs the United States attorneys, marshals, and 



STATISTICAL BEG0BD8. 557 



clerks iu all matters relafcingto them and their results. He receives returns from each 
term of the United Slates Courts, showing the progress and condition of such suits; 
has charge of all lauds and other property assigned to the United States in payment of 
debts {except those assigned in payments of debts due the Post Office Department), and has 
power to sell and dispose of the same for the benefit of the United States. 

LiaHT-HOUSE BOAKD. 

Secretary of the Treasury ex-oj^cjo President. This board directs the building and 
■ repairing of light-houses, light-vessels, buoys, and beacons, contracts for supplies of 
oil, etc. 

UNITED STATES COAST SURVEY. 

It has one Superintendent, who is also Superintendent of Weights and Measures. All 
the charts of the Government emanate from this office. 

INTERNAL REVENUE OFFICE. 

A Commissioner, who has charge of all matters connected with the Tax Laws. 

COMPTROLLER OP THE CURRENCY. 

The head of this office has charge of everything connected with the issuing of 
money. 

^ BUREAU OF CONSTRUCTION. 

This office is in charge of a Supervising Architect and two assistant architects. 

UNITED STATES MINT. 

This establishment is located in Philadelphia, but is under the jurisdiction of the 
Treasury Department. 

To the above list may be added a Special Commissioner of Internal Revenue, a Di- 
rector of Statistics, and a Supervising Architect. 



POST OFFICE DEPAETMENT. 

The direction and management of this Department are assigned by the Constitution 
and laws to the Postmaster-General. That its business may be the more conveniently 
arranged and prepared for its final action, it is distributed among several bureaus, as 
follows : The Appointment Office, in charge of the First Assistant Postmaster-General ; 
the Contract Office, includiug the Inspection Division, in charge of the Second Assist- 
ant Postmaster-General ; the Pinauce Office, in charge of the Third Assistant Post- 
master-General ; and the Money-order Office, in charge of its Superintendent. 

Appointment Office.— To this order is assigned all business which relates to the 
establishment and discontinuance of post offices, changes of sites and names, appoint- 
ment and removal of postmasters, route and local agents, also the giving of instruc- 
tions to postmasters. Postmasters are furnished with marking and rating stamps and 
letter balances by this bureau, which is also charged with providing blanks and sta- 
tionery for the use of the Department, and with the superintendence of the several 
agencies established for supplying postmasters with blanks, wrapping-paper, and twine. 
To this bureau is likewise assigned the supervision of the ocean mail steamship lines, 
and foreign postal arrangements; also the readjustment of postmasters' salaries, once 
in two years, under the act approved 1st July, 1864, and in special cases, as much 
oftener as may be deemed necessary; also, application for allowances, in post offices of 
the first and second classes, for rent, fuel, lights, and clerks, are examined in this office 
and submitted to the Postmaster-General for his decision ; also, all applications for 
allowances at separating oflices are examined and reported upon in this office. 

Contract Office.— To this office is assigned the business of arranging the mail 
service of the United States, and placing the same imder contract, embracing ^all cor- 
respondence and, proceedings respecting the frequency of trips, mode of conveyance ; 



558 STATISTICAL BE COEDS. 



and times of departures and arrivals on all the routes ; the course of the mail between 
the different sections of the country, the points of mail distribution, and the reguhi- 
tions for the government of the domestic mail service of the United States. It pre- 
pares the advertisements for mail proposals, receives the bids, and has charge of the 
annual and occasional mail lettings, and the adjustment and execution of the contracts. 
All applications for the establishment or alteration of mail arrangements and for mail 
messengers, should be sent to this office. All claims should be submitted to it for 
transportation service not under contract. From this office all postmasters at the ends 
-of routes receive the statement of mail arrangements prescribed for the respective 
routes, and to it application sliould be made for mail bags, locks and keys. It reports 
weekly to the Auditor all contracts executed, and all orders affecting accounts for mail 
transportation ; prepares the statistical exhibits of tlie mail service, and the reports to 
Congress of the mail lettings, giving a statement of each bid; also of the contracts 
made, the new service originated, the curtailments ordered, and the additional allow- 
ances granted within the year. 

[Inspection Divisio>r.] — This division, formerly a distinct office, is now merged in 
and made part of the Contract Office. To this division is assigned the duty of re- 
ceiving and examining the registers of the arrivals and departures of the mails, certifi- 
cates of the service of route agents, and reports of mail failures ; noting the 
delinquencies of contractors, and preparing cases thereon for the action of the 
Postmaster-General ; furnishing blanks for mail registers, reports of mail failures, and 
other duties which may be necessary to secure a faithful and exact performance of all 
mail contracts and service. 

All cases of mail depredation, or violation of law by private expresses, or by the 
forging or illegal use of postage stamps, are under the supervision of this office, and 
should be reported to it. 

All communications respecting lost money, lost letters, mail depredations or other 
violations of law, should be directed " Contract Office, Inspection Division, Post Office 
Department." 

All registers of the arrivals and departures of the mails, certificates of the service 
of route agents, and clerks in railway post offices, reports of mail failures, applications 
for blank registers, and I'eports of failures, and all complaints against contractors for 
irregular or imperfect service, should be dii'ected " Contract Office, Inspection Divis- 
ion, Post Office Department." 

[Topographical Division. J— The Topographical Division of the Department, at- 
tached to the Contract Office, consisting of the Topographer of the department and 
assistants, is charged with the preparation of the post-route maps and diagrams, and 
with the keeping up of the geographical information requisite for the various branches 
of the postal service. 

Communications for this division (including contributions of maps and diagrams, 
which, for their general utility, are earnestly requested) should be directed " Second 
Assistant Postmaster-General, Topographer, Post Office Department." 

EiNANCE Office. — To this office is assigned the issuing of warrants and drafts, in 
payment of balances reported by the Auditor to be due to mail contractors and other 
persons, and the superintendence of the rendition by postmasters of their quarterly 
returns of postages. It has charge of the Dead-letter Office, and of the issuing of 
postage stamps and stamped envelopes for the prepayment of postage. 

To this office postmasters at draft offices should direct their letters reporting quar- 
terly the net proceeds of their offices, and those at depositing offices their certificates 
of deposit; to him should also be directed the weekly and monthly returns of the 
depositaries of the department, as well as all applications and receipts for postage 
stamps and stamped envelopes, and for dead letters. 

To THE Auditor for the Post Office Department postmasters should address 
their quarterly accounts and all correspondence in relation thereto. 

Money-order Office. — To this office is assigned the general supervision and con- 
trol of the postal money-order system throughout the United States. 

BATES OF DOMESTIC POSTAGE. 

The law requires postage on all letters (including those to foreign countries when 
prepaid), excepting those written to the President or Vice-President, or members of 
Congress, or (on official business) to the chiefs of the executive departments of the 
governaient, and the heads of bureaus and chief clerks, and others Invested with the 



STATISTICAL BE CORDS. 559 



franking privilege, to be prepaid by stamps or stamped envelopes, prepayment iu 
money being prohibited. 

All drop letters must be prepaid. The rate of postage on drop letters, at offices where 
free delivery by carrier is established, is two cents per half ounce, or fraction of a 
half ounce ; at offices where such free delivery is not established, the rate is one cent. 

The single rate of postage on all domestic mail letters throughout the United States 
is thi'ee cents per half ounce, with an additional rate of three cents for each additional 
half ounce, or fraction of a half ounce. The ten-cent (Pacific) rate is abolished. 

RATES OF LETTER POSTAGE BETWEEN OFFICES IN THE UNITED STATES, AND TO AND 
FROM CANADA AND OTHER BRITISH NORTH AMERICAN PROVINCES. 

To and from Canada and New Brunswick, 10 cents per half ounce, irrespective of 
distance. 
To and from other British North American provinces for a distance not over 

3,000 miles 10 cents. 

For any distance over 3,000 miles 15 " 

For every additional half ounce, or fraction of a half ounce, an additional rate is 
charged. Prepayment is optional on all letters for the British North American prov- 
inces, except Newfoundland, to which prepayment is compulsory. 

Letter postage is to be charged on all handbills, circulars, or other printed matter 
which shall contain any manuscript writing whatever. 

Daguerreotypes, when sent in the mail, are to be charged with letter postage by 
weight. 

Photographs on cards, paper, and other flexible material (not in cases, can be sent 
at the same rate as miscellaneous printed matter, viz., two cents for each four ounces, 
or fraction thereof. 

Photographic Albums are chargeable with book postage — four cents for each four 
ounces, or fraction thereof. 

Postage on Daily papers to subscribers, when prepaid quarterly or yearly in advance 
either at the mailing office or office of delivery, 

per quarter (three months) 35 cents. 

Six times per week, " " " 30 " 

For Tri-weeklv, <' " " 15 " 

For Semi-weekly " " '« 10 " 

For Weekly, " « " 5 " 

Weekly Newspapers (one copy only) sent b}'' the publisher to actual subscribers, by 
mail, within the county where printed and published, free. 

Postage per Quarter (to be paid quarterly or yearly in advance) on Newspapers and 
Periodicals issued less frequeiitlij than once a wzelc, sent to actual subscribers in any 
part of the United States : — 

Semi-monthly, not over 4 oz 6 cents. 

" ■ over 4 oz. and not over 8 oz 12 " 

" over 8 oz. and not over 12 oz 18 " 

Monthly, not over 4 oz 3 " 

" over 4 oz. and not over 8 oz 6 " 

" over 8 oz. and not over 12 oz 9 " 

Quarterly, not over 4 oz 1 " 

" over 4 oz. and not over 8 oz 2 " 

" over 8 oz. and not over 12 oz 3 " 

Quarterly postage cannot be paid for less than three months. The law only requires 
that at least one quarter's postage shall be prepaid, and not more than one year's 
postage. Any term between one quarter and one year can therefore be prepaid at 
proportionate rates. 

Publishers op Newspapers and Periodicals may send to each other from their 
respective offices of publication, free of postage, one copy of each publication, and 
may also send to each actual subscriber, enclosed in their publications, bills and 
receipts for the same, free of postage. They may also state, on their respective 
publications, the date when the subscription expires, to be written or printed. 

Religious, Educational, and Agricultural Newspapers of small size, issued less fre- 
quently than once a week, may be sent la packages to one address at the rate of one 



560 STATISTICAL BEGOBBS. 



cent for each package not exceeding four ounces in weight, and an additional charge 
of one cent is made for eacli additional four ounces, or fraction thereof, the post- 
age to be paid quarterly or yearly in advance. 

News-dealers may send newspapers and periodicals to regular subscribers at the 
quarterly rates, in the same manner as publishers, and may also receive them from 
publishers at subscribers' I'ates. In both cases the postage to be prepaid, either at 
the mailing or delivery office. 

Publications issued without disclosing the office of publication, or containing a ficti- 
tious statement thereof, must not be forwarded by postmasters unless prepaid at 
the mailing office at the rates of transient printed matter. 

\_All printed matter (except single copies of neiospapers, magazines, and periodicals to 
regular subscribers) sent via Overland Mail, is to be charged at letter postage rates.] 

Books not over 4 oz. in weight, to one address, 4 cents; over 4 oz. and not over 8 oz., 
8 cents ; over 8 oz. and nut over 12 oz., 12 cents ; over 12 oz. and not over 16 oz., 16 
cents. 

Circulars, not exceeding three in number, to one address, 2 cents ; over three and 
not over six, 4 cents ; over six and not over nine, 6 cents, over nine and not exceed- 
ing twelve, 8 cents. 

On Miscellaneous Mailable Matter (embracing all pamphlets, occasional publica- 
tions, transient newspapers, handbills and posters, book manuscripts and proof- 
sheets, whether corrected or not, maps, prints, engravings, sheet music, blanljs, 
flexible patterns, samples and sample cards, phonographic paper, letter envelopes, 
postal envelopes or wrappers, cards, paper, plain or ornamental, photographic rep- 
resentations of different types, seeds, cuttings, bulbs, roots and scions), the postage 
to be prepaid by stamps, is, on one package to one address, not over 4 oz. in 
weight, 2 cents; over 4 oz. and not over 8 oz., 4 cents; over 8 oz. and not over 12 
oz., 6 cents ; over 12 oz. and not over 16 oz., 8 cents. 

By a recent order of the Postmaster-General, the fifth subdivision of the 42d instruc- 
tion of the new post office law has been amended by striking out the word twelve 
and inserting thirty-two before the word ounces, so that it shall read as follows : 
" The weight of packages of seeds, cuttings, roots and scions, to be frauked, is 
limited to thirtj'-two ounces." 

All mail matter not sent at letter- rates of postage, embracing books, book manuscripts, 
proof-sheets, and other printed matter, and all other mail matter, except seeds, must be 
so wrapped or enveloped with open sides or ends as to enable the postmaster to ex- 
amine the package without destroying the wrapper, otherwise such packages must 
be rated with letter postage. No communication, whether in writing or in print, can 
be sent with any seeds, roots, cuttings, or scions, maps, engravings, or other matter 
not printed, except upon the separate payment of postage upon each separate matter 
at the established rates. 

Exchange newspapers and periodicals cannot be reraailed without being chargeable 
with postage. 

Where packages of newspapers or periodicals are received at anyposi office directed to 
one address, and the names of the club of subscribers to which they belong, with 
the postage for a quarter in advance, shall be handed to the postmaster, he shall de- 
liver the same to their respective owner. But this does not apply to weekly news- 
papers which circulate free in the county where printed aud published. 

Weekly newspapers and all other printed matter to the British North American Prov- 
inces, although sent from countries bordering on the line, are chargeable with the 
same rates as when sent to any point in the United States. 

All transient matter must be prepaid by stamps. But if it comes to the office of de- 
livery without prepayment or short-paid, the unpaid postage must be paid on deliv- 
ery at double the prepaid rate. 

To enclose or conceal a letter or other thing (except bills and receipts for subscription) 
in, or to write or print anything, after its publication, upon amj newspaper, pam- 
phlet, magazine or other printed matter, is illegal, and subjects such printed matter, 
and the entire package of which it is a part, to letter postage. 

Any word or communication, whether by printing, writing, marks, or signs upon the 
cover or wrapper of a newspaper, pamphlet, magazine or other printed matter, 



STATISTICAL BECOBDS. gQX 



other than the name or address of the person to whom it is to be sent, and the date 
when subscription expires, and a business card printed on the wrapper subjects the 
package to letter postage. 

The rates of postage to Foreign Countries are so numerous, so various, and so 
changeable, that it has not been deemed expedient to print them in this place, but the 
particulars can always be found at the local post offices. 



NAVY DEPAETMENT. 

The duties of this Department are distributed through the Secretary's office and 
eight bureaus, namely: Bureau of Yards and Docks; Bureau of Navigation ; Bureau of 
Ordnance : Bureau of Construction and Repair; Bureau of Equipment and Recruiting; 
Bureau of Provisions and Clothing; Bureau of Steam Engineering; and Bureau of 
Medicine and Surgery. 

secretary's office. 

The Secretary of the Navy has charge of everything connected with the naval estab- 
lishment, and all the duties of the several bureaus are performed under his authority, 
and their orders are considered as emanating from him. The Secretary issues all in- 
structions to commanders of squadrons and vessels ; appointments of officers ; commis- 
sions ; requisitions for money, etc. The general superintendence of the Marine Corps 
attaches to the Secretaiy, and the orders of the commandant of that corps are approved 
by him. He is assisted in his duties by one Assistant Secretary. 

OFFICE OF YARDS AND BOCKS. 

This bureau has charge of the navy yards, including the docks, wharves, buildings, 
and machinery ; the regulation of labor, and the general police of the yard. The Naval 
Asylum is attached to this bureau. 

OFFICE OP NAVIGATION. 

This bureau has charge of the maps, charts, navigating instruments, flags, signals, 
etc. The Naval Academy, Naval Observatory, and Nautical Almanac are attached 
to it. 

OFFICE OF ORDNANCE. 

This bureau has charge of ordnance and ordnance stores, the manufacture and pur- 
chase of cannon, guns, powder, shot, shell, etc. 

OFFICE OF CONSTRUCTION AJTD REPAIR. 

This bureau has charge of the construction and repair of all vessels-of-war. 

OFFICE OF EQUIPMENT AND RECRUITING. 

This bureau has charge of the enlistment of men for the Navy ; the equipment of 
vessels, including anchors, cables, rigging, sails, coal, etc. 

OFFICE OF PROVISIONS AND CLOTHING. 

All provisions for the use of the navy, clothing, and small stores, come under the 
charge of this bureau. 

OFFICE OF STEAM ENGINEERING. 

The construction and repair of steam engines for the Navy, whether in the navy 
yards or on contract, come under this bureau. 

36 



562 STATISTICAL BECOBDS. 



OFFICE OF MEDICINE AND SURGERY. 

Everything relating to medicines and medical stores, treatment of sick and wounded, 
management of hospitals, etc., comes within the superintendence of this ureau. 

MARINE CORPS. 

This corps is attached to the navy, and the immediate supervision of all the duties 
connected with it is vested in a colonel commandant, whose orders for duty are ap- 
proved by the Secretary of the Navy. Attached to the corps is one quartermaster, 
two assistant-quartermasters, one adjutant and inspector, and one paymaster, with the 
duties usually appertaining to such offices. 



WAE DEPARTMENT. 

This Department is in charge of the Secretary of War, and one regular Assistant. 
The following bureaus are attached to this Department : — 

commanding-general's OFFICE. 

The duties of this officer comprise the arrangement of the military forces, and the 
superintendence of the recruiting service; he attends to the discipline of the army; 
orders courts-martial; and it is his province to see that the laws and regulations of the 
army are enforced. This office is usually located in Washington, but wherever it may 
be, it is called the Head-quarters of the Army. 

adjutant-general's OFFICE. 

In this office are kept all the records which refer to the personnel of the army, the 
rolls, etc., and where all military commissions are made out; all orders which emanate 
from Headquarters or the War Department proper, pass through this office ; and here 
are received all the annual returns from the army and militia of the United States. 

quartermaster-general's office. 

The objects of this bureau are to insure an efficient syst&ra of supply, and to give 
facility and effect to the movements and operations of the army. It also has control 
of the barracks, and furnishes the clothing and all transportation that may be required 
for the army. 

paymaster-general's office. 
All the disbursements in money are made to the army from this office. 

commissary-general's office. 
This office is charged with the duty of purchasing and Issuing all rations to the army. 

surgeon-general's office. 

All matters connected with medicine and surgery, are under the control of this office, 
as well as the management of the sick and wounded, and also all the hospitals. 

engineer's office. 

In addition to a general direction of aU matters connected with the Engineer Corps 
of the army, this office is also charged with the care of the Military Academy at West 
Point. 

topographical office. 

This liureau has charge of all topographical operations and surveys for military pur- 
poses, and for purposes of internal improvement, and of all maps, drawings, and docu- 
ments relating to those duties. 



STATISTICAL BECOBDS. 5fi3 



ORDNANCE OFFICK. 

This oflBce is charged with the control of the arsenals and armories, and has the 
superintendence of the manufacture of the arms and cannon, and the custody of all 
ordnance stores. 

OFFICE OF KEFUGBES AND FEEEDMEN. 

This office is in charge of a Major-General of the army, who has several assistants, 
including a Commissioner and a Commissary of Subsistence. 

To the above should be added the Bureau of Military Justice, that of the Inspector- 
General, and that of the Signal Corps of the Army^ whoise several duties will be readily 
understood. 



564 STATISTICAL BECOBBS. 



THE 

SEVERAL STATES AND TERRITORIES 

OF THE 

AMERICAN UNION. 



THE THIRTEEN ORIGINAL STATES THAT FORMED AND CONFIRMED THE UNION, BT THE 
ADOPTION OF THE CONSTITUTION, ARE AS FOLLOWS :— 

NEW HAMPSHIRE. 

First settled at Dover and Portsmouth, in 1623, by the English Puritans. 

Embraced under the charters of Massachusetts, and continued under the same juris- 
diction until September 18, 1679, when a separate charter and government was granted. 
A Constitution was formed January 5, 1776, which was alterecT in 1784, and was further 
altered and amended February 13, 1792. . • 

This State ratified the Constitution of the United States June 21, 1788, 

Area, 9,280 square miles. Population in 1850, 317,976 ; 1860, 326,073. 

MASSACHUSETTS. 

First settled at Plymouth, by English Puritans from Holland, who landed December 
22, 1620. 

Chartered March 4, 1629 ; also chartered January 13, 1630 ; an explanatory charter 
granted August 20, 1726 ; and more completely chartered October 7, 1731. Formed a 
Constitution Mai'ch 2, 1780, which' was altered and amended November 3, 1820, and on 
several occasions since that time. 

Ratified the Constitution of the United States February 6, 1788. 

Area, 7,800 square miles. Population in 1850, 994,514 ; 1860, 1,231,066. 

RHODE ISLAND. 

First settled at Providence, in 1636, by Roger Williams. 

Was chartered by Parliament in 1644 ; by King Charles II. in 1663, which charter was 
abrogated in 1776. Had an unwritten Constitution until 1842, when a written Consti- 
tution was adopted. 

Ratified the Constitution of the United States May 29, 1790. 
• Area 1,306 square miles. Population in 1850, 147,545; 1860, 174,621. 

CONNECTICUT. 

First settled at Windsor, in 1635, by English Puritans. 

Embraced under the charters of Massachusetts, and continued under the same juris- 
diction until April 23, 1062, when a separate charter was granted, which continued in 
force until a Constitution was formed, September 15, 1818. 

Ratified the Constitution of the United States January 9, 1788. 

Area 4,750 square miles. Population in 1850, 370,792 ; 1860, 460,147. 

NEW YORK. 

First settled on Manhattan Island, in 1614, by the Dutch. 

Granted to Duke of York, March 20, 1664, April 26, 1664, and June 24, 1664. Newly 
patented, February 9, 1674 ; formed a Constitution, April 20, 1777, which was amended 
October 27, 1801, and further amended November 10, 1821. A new Constitution was 
formed in 1846. 

Ratified the Constitution of the United States July 26, 1788. 

Area 47,000 square miles. Population in 1850, 3,097,394; 1860, 3,880,735. 



STATISTICAL BECOBDS. 



565 



NEW JERSEY. 

First settled at Bergen, in 1620, by the Dutch and Danes. 

Held under the same grants as New York; separated into East and West Jersey 
March 3, 1677. The government surrendered to the Crown in 1702, and so continued 
until the formation of a Constitution, July 2, 1776. 

Ratified the Constitution of the United States, December 18, 1787. 

Area 8,320 square miles. Population in 1850, 489,555 ; 1860, 672,085, 

PENNSYLVANIA. 

First settled on the Delaware River, in 1682, by William Penn. 
Chartered February 28, 1681 ; formed a Constitution September 28, 1776 : amended 
September 2, 1790, and in 1838, and 1857. 
Ratified the Constitution of the United States December 12, 1787. 
Area 46,000 square miles. Population in 1850, 2,311,786 ; 1860, 2,906,115. 

DELAWARE. 

First settled at Cape Henlopen, in 1627, by Swedes and Finns. 

Embraced in the charter and continued under the government of Pennsylvania until 
the formation of a Constitution, September 20, 1776 ; a new Constitutiou formed June 
12, 1792, and amended in 1831. 

Ratified the Constitution of the United States December 7, 1787. 

Auea 2,120 square mUes. Population in 1850, 91,532; 1860, 112,216. 

MARYLAND. 

First settled at St. Mary, in 1624, by Roman Catholics. 

Chartered June 20, 1632 ; formed a Constitution August 14, 1775, which was amended 
in 1795 and 1799, and further amended in November, 1812 and 1851. 
Ratified the Constitution of the United States April 28, 1788. 
Area 11,124 square miles. Population in 1850, 583,034 ; 1860, 687,049. 
New Constitution abolishing slavery adopted in September, 1864. 

VIRGINIA. ' 

First settled at Jamestown, in 1607, by the English. 

Chartered April 10, 1606, May 23, 1609, and March 12, 1612; formed a Constitution 
July 5, 1776, amended, January 15, 1830. 
Ratified the Constitution of the United States June 2Q, 1788. * 

Area 38,352 square miles. Population in 1850, 1,421,661 ; 1860, 1,596,318. 
Seceded April, 1861. 

NORTH CAROLINA. 

First settled in Albemarle, in 1650, by the English. 

Chartered March 20, 1663, and June 30, 1665 ; formed a Constitution December 18, 
1776, which was amended in 1845. 
Ratified the Constitution of the United States November 21, 1789. 
Area 50,704 square miles. Population in 1850, 869,839 ; 1860, 992,622. 
Seceded May, 1861. Re-admitted June, 1868. 

SOUTH CAROLINA. 

First settled at Port Royal, in 1670, by the Huguenots. 

Embraced in the charters of Carolina or North Carolina, from which it was separated 
in 1729 ; formed a Constitution March 26, 1776, which was amended March 19, 1778, 
and .June 3, 1790. 

Ratified the Constitution of the United States May 23, 1788. 

Area 34,000 square miles. Population in 1850, 668,507 ; 1860, 703,708. 

Seceded November, 1860. Re-admitted June, 1868. 

GEORGIA. 

First settled atSavannah, in 1733, by Oglethorpe. 

Chartered June 9, 1732 ; formed a Constitution February 5, 1777, a second in 1785, a 
third May 30, 1798, and amended in 1839. 



566 STATISTICAL BEC0BD8. 



Katified the Constitution of the United States January 2, 1788. 

Area 58,000 square miles. Population in 1850, 906,185; 1860, 1,057,386. 

Seceded January, 1861. Ee-admitted June, 1868. 

THE STATES ADMITTED INTO THE UNION SINCE THE ADOPTION OF THE FEDEBAL CON- 
STITUTION ARE AS FOLLOWS : — 

VERMONT. 

First settled at Fort Dummer in 1764. 

Formed from territory of New York. 

Admitted March 4, 1791. 

A Constitution adopted July 9, 1793. 

Area 9,056^ square miles. Population in 1890, 314,130; 1860, 316,098. 

KENTUCKY. 

First settled near Lexington in 1765. 

Formed from territory of Virginia. 

Admitted June 1, 1792. 

A Constitution laid before Congress November 7, 1792. 

A new Constitution adopted August 17, 1799. 

Area 37,680 square miles. Population in 1850, 982,405 ; 1860, 1,156,684. 

TENNESSEE. 

First settled at Fort Donelson in 1756, 

Formed from territory of North Carolina in 1790. 

Adopted a Constitution February 6, 1769, and amended in 1835. 

Admitted June 1, 1796. 

Area 45,600 square miles. Population in 1850, 1,002,717 ; 1860, 1,109,801. 

Seceded June, 1861. Ee-admitted July, 1866. 

OHIO. 

First settled at Marietta in 1788. 

Formerly from North-west Territory. 

Adopted a Constitution November 1, 1802 ; adopted a new one in 1861. 

Admitted November 29, 1802. 

Area 39,964 square miles. Population in 1850, 1,980,329 ; 1860, 2,339,611. 

LOUISIANA. 

First settled at Iberville in 1699. 
Formed from French territory. 

Adopted a Constitution January 22, 1812, and amended it in 1845 and 1863. A new 
Constitution formed in 1864. 
Admitted April 8, 1812. 

Area 41,255 square miles. Population in 1850, 517,762 ; 1860, 708,002. 
Seceded January, 1861. Ee-admitted June, 1868. 

INDIANA. 

First settled at Vincennes in 1730. 

Formed from North-west Territory. 

Adopted a Constitution June 29, 1816, and amended in 1851. 

Admitted December 11, 1816. 

Area 33,809 square miles. Population in 1850, 988,416; 1860, 1,305,428* 

MISSISSIPPI. 

First settled at Natchez in 1716. 

Formed from territory of South Carolina and Georgia. 

Adopted a Constitution March 1, 1817, and amended in 1832. 

Admitted December 10, 1817. 

Area 47,156 square miles. Population in 1850, 606,526 ; 1860, 791,305. 

Seceded January, 1861. 



STATISTICAL BEC0BD8. 567 



ILLINOIS. 

riTSt settled at Kaskaskia in 1720. 

Formed from North-west Territory, 

Adopted a Coastitutioa August 26, 1818. 

Admitted Decembers, 1818. 

Area 55,409 square miles. Population in 1850, 851,470; 1860, 1,711,951. 

ALABAMA. 

First settled near Mobile in 1702. 

Formed from territory of South Carolina and Georgia, and for two years bore the 
name of Mississippi Territory. 
Adopted a Constitution August 2, 1819. ^ 

Admitted December 14, 1819. 

Area 50,722 square miles. Population in 1850, 771,623; 1860, 964,201. 
Seceded January, 1861. Eeadmitted June, 1868. 

MAINE. 

First settled at Bristol in 1624. 

Formed from territory of Massachusetts. 

Adopted a Constitution October 29, 1819. 

Admitted March 15, 1820. 

Area 35,000 square miles. Population in 1850, 583,169; 1860, 628,279. 

MISSOURI. 

First settled at St. Louis in 1764. 

Formed from French territory. 

Adopted a Constitution July 19, 1820. 

Admitted August 10, 1821. 

Area 65,350 square miles. Population in 1850, 682,044; 1860, 1,182,612. 

Ordinance abolishing slavery adopted in January, 1865. 

ARKANSAS. 

First settled at Arkansas Post in 1685. 

Formed from French territory, the Louisiana purchase. 

Presented a Constitution March 1, 1836. 

Admitted June 15, 1836. 

Area 52,198 square miles. Population in 1850, 209,897; 1860, 435,450. 

Seceded March, 1861. Readmitted June, 1868. 

MICHIGAN. 

First settled on the Detroit River in 1650. 
Formed from territory originally belonging to Virginia. 

Presented a memorial for admission January 25, 1833, with a Constitution, which was 
revised in 1850. 
Admitted January 26, 1837. 
Area 56,243 square miles. Population in 1850, 397,654; 1860, 749,013. 

FLORIDA. 

Discovered in 1497, and first explored by Ponce de Leon in 1512. 

Formed from Spanish territory. 

Presented a Constitution February 20, 1839. 

Admitted March 3, 1845. 

Area 59,208 square miles. Population in 1850, 87,445 ; 1860,140,425. 

Seceded January, 1861. Readmitted June, 1868. 



TEXAS. 



First settled in 1792. 

"Was an Independent Republic. 

Admitted December 29, 1846. 



568 STATISTICAL BEGOBDS. 



Area 274,356 square miles. Population in 1850, 212,592 ; 1860, 604,215. 
Seceded February, 1861. 

WISCONSIN. 

First settled at Green Bay in 1670. 
Formed from Indian territory. 
Adopted a Constitution January 21, 1847. 
- Admitted May 29, 1848. 
Area 53,924 square miles. Population in 1850, 305,391 ; 1860, 775,881. 

IOWA. 

First settled at Galena and Dubuque. 

Formed from Indian territory. 

Presented a Constitution December 9, 1844. 

Admitted December 28, 1846. 

Area 55,045 square miles. Population in 1850, 192,214 ; 1860, 674,942. 

CALIFOKNIA. 

First settled on the Pacific slope. 

Formed from Mexican territory. 

Adopted a Constitution November 13, 1849. 

Admitted September 9, 1850. 

Area 188,981 square miles. Population in 1850, 92,597; 1860, 362,196; 1867, 493,992. 

MINNESOTA. 

First settled on the St. Peter's Elver in 1805. 

Formed from Indian territory. 

Admitted May 11, 1858. 

Area 81,259 square miles. Population in 1850, 6,077; 1860, 172,143. 

OREGON. 

First settled by the Spaniards. 

Formed from Indian territory. 

Adopted a Constitution in November, 1857. 

Admitted February 12, 1859. 

Area 95,274 square miles. Population in 1850, 12,093 ; 1860, 52,405 ; 1867, 78,697. 

KANSAS. 

Formed from Indian territory. 

Admitted December 6, 1859. 

Area 81,318 square miles. Population in 1860, 107,206. 

WEST VIRGINIA. 

Formed from the State of Virginia 

Admitted December 31, 1862. 

Area 23,000 square miles. Population in 1860, 376,688. 

NEVADA. 

Formed from Indian territory in 1861. 

Admitted in October, 1864. 

Area 81,539 square miles. Population in 1863, 40,000; 1867, 41,142. 

NEBRASKA. 

Formed from Indian territory. 

Organized as a territory May 30, 1854. 

Admitted February 9, 1867. 

Area 75,995 square miles. Population in 1860, 28,841. 



STATISTICAL BEGOBDS. 569 

TEREITORIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 

UTAH. 

Organized September 9, 1850. 

Area 109,600 square miles. Population in 1850, 11,380; 1867, estimated not including 
Indians, 80,546. 

NEW MEXICO. 

Organized September 9, 1850. 

Area 124,450 square miles. Population in 1850, 61,547; 1867, estimated not including 
Indians, 93,516. 

WASHINGTON. 

Organized November 2, 1853. 

Area 71,300 square miles. Population in 1850, 1,201; 1867, estimated not including 
Indians, 17,391. 

COLOEADO. 

Organized in 1861. 

Area 104,500 square miles. Population in 1867, estimated not including Indians, 37,- 
391. 



DACOTAH. 



Organized in 1861. 

Area 152,500 square miles. Population in 1867, not Including Indians, 5,321. 

ARIZONA. 

Organized in 1863. 

Area 130,800 square mUes. Population in 1867, not including Indians, 5,000. 

IDAHO. 

Organized in 1863. 

Area 310,000 square miles. Population in 1867, not including Indians, 20,000. 

MONTANA. 

Organized in 1864. 

Area unknown. Population in 1867, not including Indians, 30,000. 



ALASKA. 



Obtained by treaty from Russia, 1867. 
Area and population unknown. 



DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. 

Established under the First Article of the Constitution of the United States : " Con- 
gress shall have power to exercise exclusive legislation in all cases whatsoever, over 
such district (not exceeding ten miles square) as may, by cession of particular States, 
and the acceptance of Congress, become the seat of the Government of the United 
States," etc. In pursuance of which provision the State of Maryland, December 23, 
1788, passed "An act to cede to Congress a district of ten miles square in this State, 
for the seat of the Government of the United States." 

And the State of Virginia, December 3, 1789, passed " An act for the cession of ten 
miles square, or any lesser quantity of territory within this State, to the United States 
in Congress assembled, for the permanent seat of the General Governmeut." 

These cessions were accepted by Congress, as required by the Constitution, and the 



570 STATISTICAL BECOSDS. 



permanent seat of Government established by the " Act for establishing the temporary 
and permanent seat of the Government of the United States," approved July 16, 1790; 
and the act to amend the same, approved March 3, 1791. 

The district of ten miles square vpas accordingly located, and its lines and boundaries 
particularly established by a proclamation of George Washington, President of the 
United States, March 30, 1791, and by the " Act concerning the District of Columbia," 
approved February 27, 1801, Congress assumed complete jurisdiction over the said 
District, as contemplated by the framers of the Constitution. 
^ Area about 60 square miles. Population in 1850, 51,687 ; 1860, 75,080 ; 1866, 118,867. 

In 1846 that portion of the District lying south of the Potomac wsls retroceded to 
Virginia by act of Congress. Slavery was abolished in this District by an act of Con- 
gress, approved April 16, 1862. 



ORIGIN OF THE NAMES OF STATES. 

Maine was so called, as early as 1623, from Maine, in France, of which Henrietta 
Maria, Queen of England, was at that time proprietor. Popular name — The Lumber 
or Pine Tree State. 

New Hampshire was the name given to the territory oonveyed by the Plymouth Com- 
pany to Captain John Mason, by patent, November 7th, 1629, with reference to the 
patentee, who was Governor of Portsmouth, in Hampshire, England. Popular name — 
The Granite State. 

Vermont was so called, by the inhabitants in their Declaration of Independence, 
January 16, 1777, from the French verd mont, the Green Mountains. Popular name — 
The Green Mountain State. 

Massachusetts was so called from Massachusetts Bay, and that from the Massachu- 
setts tribe of Indians, in the neighborhood of Boston. The tribe is thought to have 
derived its name from the Blue Hills of Milton. " I had learnt," says Roger Williams, 
" that the Massachusetts was so called from the Blue Hills. Popular name — The Bay 
State. 

Bhode Island was so called, in 1664, in reference to the Island of Rhodes, in the Med- 
iterranean. Popular name — Little Rhody. 

Connecticut was so called from the Indian name of its principal river. Connecticut is 
a Mocheakaunew word, signifying long river. Popular names — The Nutmeg or Free 
Stone State. 

New York was so called, in 1664, in reference to the Duke of York and Albany, to 
whom this territory was granted by the King of England. Popular names — The Em- 
pire or Excelsior State. 

New Jersey was so called, in 1664, from the Island of .Jersey, on the coast of France, 
the residence of the family of Sir George Carteret, to whom the territory was granted. 

Pennsylvania was so called in 1681, after William Penn. Popular name — The Key- 
stone State. . 

Delaware was so called, in 1703, from Delaware Bay, on which it lies, and which re- 
ceived its name from Lord de la War, who died in this bay. Popular names — The 
Blue Hen, or Diamond State. 

Maryland was so called in honor of Henrietta Maria, Queen of Charles I., in his 
patent to Lord Baltimore, June 30th, 1632. 

Virginia was so called, in 1584, after Elizabeth, the Virgin Queen of England. Popu- 
lar names — The Old Dominion, or Mother of States. 

Carolina was so called by the French, in 1564, in honor of King Charles IX., of France. 
Popular name of South Carolina — The Palmetto State; of North Carolina — The Old 
North, or Turpentine State. 

Georgia was so called, in 1732, in honor of King George II. 

Alabama was so called, in 1814, from its principal river, meaning here toe rest. 

Mississippi was so called, in 1800, from its western boundary. Mississippi is said to 
denote the whole river, that is, the river formed by the union of many. Popular name 
— The Bayou State. 

Louisiana was so called, in honor of Louis XIV. of France. Popular name — The 
Creole State. 

Tennessee was so called, in 1796, from its principal river. The word Ten-as-se is said 
to signify a curved spoon. Popular name — The Big-Bend State. 

Kentucky was so called, in 1792, from its principal river. Popular name — The State 
of the Dark and Bloody Ground. 

Illinois was so called, in 1809, from its principal river. This word is said to signify 
the river of men. Popular names — The Sucker, or Prairie State. 

Indiana was so called, in 1809, from the American Indians. Popular name — The 
Hoosier State. 



STATISTICAL BEGOBDS. 57I 



Ohio was so called, in 1802, from its southern boundary. Popular name — The Buck- 
eye State. Meaning of Indian word Ohio-i, Beautiful. 

Missouri was so called in 1821, from its principal river. Indian name, meaning 
muddy icater. 

Michigdn was so called, in 1805, from the lake on its border. Indian name, meaning 
a weir for fish. Popular name — The "Wolverine State. 

Arkansas was so called, in 1812, from its principal river. Indian name. Popular 
name — The Bear State. 

Florida was so called by Juan Ponce de Leon in 1572, because it was discovered on 
Easter Sunday ; in Spanish, Pascua Florida. 

Wisconsin was so called from its principal river. Indian name, meaning wild rushing 
river. Popular name — The Badger State. 

Iowa was so called from its principal river. Indian name, meaning the sleepy on6S, 
Popular name — Hawkeye State. 

Oregon was so called from its principal river. Indian name, meaning river of the west. 

Minnesota is also an Indian word, meaning the whitish water. 

California, a Spanish word, and named from an arm of the Pacific Ocean. Popular 
name — The Golden State. 

Texas, a Spanish word applied to the Eepublic. Popular name — The Lone Star 
State. 

Kansas is an Indian name, meaning the smoky water,. 

West Virginia. So-called after Virginia. 

Nevada is a Spanish word, meaning white with snow. 

Nebraska — an Indian word. 



572 STATISTICAL BEG0BD8. 

PROGRESS OF POPULATION IN THE UNITED STATES. 
FROM 1790 TO 1860. 



First Census, August 1, 1790. 

Whites. Free Colored. Slaves. Total. 

Free States 1,900,772 26,831 40,850 1,968,453 

Slave States 1,271,092 32,635 645,047 1,961,374 



Total 3,172,464 59,446 697,897 3,929,827 

Second Census, August 1, 1800. 

Free States 2,001,509 47,154 35,946 2,684,609 

Slave States 1,702,980 61,241 857,095 2,621,316 



Total 4,304,489 108,395 893,041 5,305,925 

Third Census, August 1, 1810. 

Free States 3,653,219 78,181 27,510 3,758,910 

Slave States 2,208,785 108,265 1,163,854 3,480,904 



Total, 6,862,004 186,446 1,191,364 7,239,814 

Fourth Census, August 1, 1820. 

Free States 5,030,371 102,893 19,108 5,152,372 

Slave States 2,842,340 135,434 1,524,580 4,502,224 



Total 7,872,711 238,197 1,543,688 9,654,596 

Fifth Census, June 1, 1830. 

Free States 6,876,620 137,529 3,568 7,017,717 

Slave States 3,660,758 182,070 2,005,475 5,848,303 



Total 10,537,378 319,599 2,009,043 12,866,020 

Sixth Census, June 1, 1840. 

Free States 9,557,065 170,727 1,129 9,728,921 

Slave States 4,632,640 215,568 2,486,226 7,334,434 



Total 14,189,705 386,295 2,487,355 17,063,355 

Seventh Census, June 1, 1850. 

Free States 13,330,650 196,308 262 13,527,220 

Slave States 6,222,418 238,187 3,204,051 9,664,654 



Total 19,553,068 434,495 3,204,313 23,191,874 

Eighth Census, June 1, 1860. 

Total Population 31,443,322 

Total White Population 26,973,843 

Total Free Colored Population 487,970 

Total Free Population 27,461,813 

Total Slave Population 3,953,760 

Total Colored Population • 4,447,730 

By a census talien through the Internal Revenue organization in 1866, it appears that 
the total population of the United States at that time was 34,505,882. 



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8TA1I8TICAL BEGOBDS. 575 



PAY TABLE OF LEADING CIVIL OFFICERS. 



President of the United States, per annum, f 25,000 00 

Vice-President of the United States, " 8,000 00 

Cabinet Ministers, " 8,000 00 

Chief Justice Supreme Court " 6,500 00 

Justices of the Supreme Court " G. 000 00 

Senators and Representatives in Congress, with mileage, per annum 6,000 00 

Spealier House of Representatives, " 8,000 00 

Secretary of the Senate, " 3,600 00 

Clerk House of Representatives, " 3,000 00 

Assistant Secretaries of Departments, " $3,000 00 to 4,000 00 

Heads of Bureaus, " 3,000 00 to 5,000 00 

Superintendent Coast Survey, *' 6,000 00 

Judges District of Columbia " 3,000 00 

Secretary Smithsonian Institution, " 4,000 00 

Ministers Plenipotentiary to Great Britain 

and France, ^ " • 17,500 00 

Ministers Plenipotentiary to Russia, Prussia, 
Spain, Austria, China, Italy, Mexico, 

and Brazil, " 12,000 00 

Ministers Plenipotentiary to Chili and Peru, " 10,000 00 

Ministers Resident to Portugal, Belgium, 
Netherlands, Denmark, Sweden and 
Norway, Switzerland, Turkey, Japan, 
Hawaiian Islands, Hayti and San 
Domingo, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, 
Guatemala, Honduras, Salvador, Co- 
lombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, Argen- 
tine Republic, Paraguay, and Bolivia, *• 7,500 00 

Interpreter and Secretary of Legation to 

China, « ' 5,000 00 

Dragoman and Secretary of Legation to 

Turkey, " ........ 3,000 00 

Consul General to British India, ** 4,000 00 

" to British America, *• 4,000 00 

" to Cuba, " 6,000 00 

" to Hanseatic and Free Cities « 3,000 00 

" to Hanseatic and Italy, " Fees. 

" to Turkey and Egypt, " 3,500 00 

" and Commissioner to Mon- 
rovia and China, " 4,000 00 

" and Commissioner to Mexico,' " 1,500 00 

Secretaries of Legation, from $1,500 00 to 2,625 00 

Consuls, from 1,000 00 to 7,000 00 

With regard to the Postmasters, Collectors of the Revenue, Territorial Governors and 
Judges, and other officers employed throughout the country, they are too numerous to 
be designated in this place. 



LEADING GOVERNMENT PUBLICATIONS. 

Everything in the shape of a book or pamphlet ordered to be printed by the United 
States Senate or House of Representatives is called a public document, and can be 
sent through the mails free of postage by those entitled to the franking privilege. 
To give a complete and analytical list of these documents in this place would be im- 
practicable, but we submit a synopsis of the more important publications which pos- 
sess an interest for the public generally and are permanent in their character : — 

Ar/rintltnral Heports.— Though forming part of the executive documents, they are 
published annually and separately by the Department of Agriculture, prior to the or- 
ganization of which, in 1862, they were iss;ued from the Patent Office. The annual 
editions of this work range from two hundred to three hundred thousand copies. 



576 STATISTICAL BEC0BD8. 



American Archives. — A documentary history of the Ee.volution Compiled by Peter 
Force. 9 vols, folio. Authorized iu 1833. This work, as originally designed, would 
have made some thirty volumes or more ; and, although its publication was suspended, 
the materials for its compilation were transferred by purchase to the Library of Con- 
gress. 

American State Papers.— Printed by Gales & Seaton, 1831 to 1833. 21 vols, folio. 
This work was carefully compiled from the annually published executive and legisla- 
tive documents of the government. 

Analysis of the Federal Constitution. — By William Hickey. Although not actually 
printed by Congress, it was purchased to such an extent as really to become a public 
document. 

A7'my Eegulations. — Issued from the War Department. Octavo. Army Statistics of 
Sickness and Mortality, 1839 to 1804. By R. H. Coolidge. 1856-60. 2 vols, quarto. 

Army Register. — Issued from the War Department annually. Octavo. 

Army Meteorological Register. — 1843-54. By T. Lawson. 1855. Quarto. 

Army of the Potomac. — By Maj.-Gen. George B. McClellan. 1864. Octavo. 

Art of War in Europe in 1854-55-56.— By Major R. Delafield. 1860. Quarto. 

Astronomical Expedition to the Southern Hemisphere in 1849-50-51 and 52. — By Lieut. 
James M. Giiliss. Quarto. 

Astronomical Observations. — Issued from the National Observatory occasionally, and 
iu quarto form. 

Blue-Book. — A Biennial Register of all the officers and employees of the govern- 
ment, commenced in 1816. Though formerly compiled iu the Department of State, it 
is now issued from the Interior Department. Octavo. 

Catalogue Congressional Library. — The last edition was published inl8C6, since Avhich 
time the books belonging to tlie Smithsonian Institution and the very valuable library 
of Peter Porce have been added to the national collection at the cost of $100,000. 
Octavo. 

Census of the United States. — Published in quarto volumes under the direction of the 
Secretary of the Interior Department. 

Coast Survey. — The annual reports from this branch of public service are published 
in quarto form, and illustrated with elaborate charts. 

Colonial Trade. — By Israel D. Andrews. 1823. Octavo. 

Commercial Belations. — Under this title are annually published in quarto form, by 
the State Department, information connected with commerce, obtained chiefly thi'ough 
the Consular Bui-eau from foreign governments. 
Congressional Debates: 

Annals of Congress from .1789 to 1824. — 44 vols, octavo. Compiled and printed by 
Gales & Seaton. Contain the pul)lic laws. 

Register of Debates in Congress from 1825 to 1837. — 27 vols, octavo. Compiled and 
printed by Gales & Seaton. Contain the public laws. 

Congressional Globe from 1833 to close of Thirty-ninth Congress. — 78 vols, quarto. 
Printed by John C. Rives. Contain the public laws. 

Dictionary of the United States Congress. — By Charles Lanman, Published by the 
Senate and House of Representatives of the Thirty-eighth Congress, and by the Sen- 
ate of the Thirty-ninth Congress. This is the only work belonging to a private indi- 
vidual which was ever published as a public document. Octavo. 

Diplomatic Correspondence of the American Revolution. — Compiled by Jared Sparks. 
12 vols, octavo. 

Diplomatic Correspondence between 1783 and 1789. Compiled by Jared Sparks. 7 
vols, octavo. 

Diplomatic Correspondence. — Published annually by the Department of State, al- 
though forming a part of the Executive documents. Octavo. 

Executive Documents. — Under this title are arranged and published the messages, 
reports, and other state papers emanating from the President, cabinet ministe'rs, and 
other officers of the government, all of which ai'e numbered iu consecutive order. 
Octavo. 

Executive Journals of the Senate. — These volumes are published from time to time 
after the injunction of secrecy has been removed. Octavo. 

Explorations of the Valley of the Amazon. — By Lieut. William L. Ilerndon and Lieut. 
Lardner Gibbon. Illustrated. 2 vols, octavo. 1853 and 1854. 

Exploration of the Red River of Louisiana. — By Capt. Randolph B. Marcy. Illustrated. 
Octavo. 1853. 

Exploration of the Zuni'and Colorado Rivers. — By L. Sitgreaves. Illustrated. Octavo. 
1854. 

Explorations among the Rocky Mountains. — By Captain John C. Fremont. Illustrated. 
Octavo. 1845. 

Explorations from Fort Leavemoorth to California. — By Lt.-Col. William H. Emory. 
Illustrated. Octavo. 1848. 

Explovinei Expedition.— By Commodore Charles Wilkes. 5 quarto volumes. lUus- 



i 



STATISTICAL BECOBDS. 577 



tratecl. 1846-49. Several supplementary volumes on scientific subjects have been 
printed, but the work is still in an unfluished condition. 

Explorations for a Enilroad Eoute between the Mississippi Biver and the Pacific Ocean. — 
13 volumes quarto. Illustrated. 

Exploration of the Colorado Biver of the West in 1857-58. — By Lieut Joseph C. Ives. 
18G1. Quarto. Illustrated. 

Explorations of Salt Lake Valley, Utah. — By Capt. Howard Stansbury. Octavo. Illus- 
trated. 1852. 

Expedition to Japan in 1852-53 and 1864. — By Commodore M. C. Perry. 1856. 3 vols, 
quarto. Illustrated. 

Finance. —From time to time volumes are Issued by the Treasury Department, con- 
nected with the finances of the country. Octavo. 

Geological Survey of Wisconsin, Iowa, and 3Iinnesota. — By David D. Owen. Printed by 
J. B. Lippincott & Co., for the General Land Office. Quarto. 1852. 

Indian Affairs. — History of the Condition and Prospects of the Indian Tribes of the 
United States. Compiled by Henry W. Schoolcraft, and illustrated by Maj. Seth 
Eastman, U. S. A. 6 vols, quarto. 1857. Illustrated. 

Indian Affairs. — History of the Indian Tribes of North America. — Compiled by Thomas 
L. McKenney and James Hall. 3 vols, folio. "With colored portraits by Charles B. 
King, 1838. 

Indian Treaties.— From 1778 to 1837. Octavo. 1837. By Indian Office. 

Indian Affairs.— Ananal reports published separately by the Indian Office, though 
included in the Executive Documents. Octavo. 

Journal, Acts and Proceedings of the Convention which formed the Constitution of the 
United States, 1818. Octavo. 

Journals of the House of Bepresentatives. — Published in octavo at the close of each 
session of Congress. 

Journals of the Senate. — Published in octavo at the close of each session of Congress. 

Madison Papers. — Debates in Congress and the Federal Convention. 3 vols, octavo. 
1840. By James Madison. 

Mexican Boundary Survey. — By Maj. Wm. H. Emory. 1857. 2 vols. Illustrated. 
Quarto. 

Military Commission toEtirope ift 1855-56. — By Alfred Mordecai. 1860. Quarto. 

Mississippi Biver : Hydrographical Beport on the Upper Basin. — By I. N. Nicollet. 
1843. Octavo. 

Navy Begister. — Published annually by the Navy Department. Octavo. 

Patent OjJ?ce.— Annual Eeports published separately and also with executive docu- 
ments. Embodied in these volumes are outline engravings and full descriptions of 
all the articles which are patented by the government. Octavo. 

Public Lands. — Annual reports published separately and with the executive docu- 
ments. The more recent issues of this work have been accompanied by maps of great 
and peculiar value. Octavo. 

Beports of Committees. — This is a series of volumes containing all the reports made 
in the two houses of Congress, whether the same have been favorably received or not. 
Octavo. 

Seat of War in Europe in 1855-56.— By Major George B. McClellan. 1857. Quarto. 
Illustrated. ' 

Smithsonian Institution. — In addition to its annual octavo reports this institution is- 
sues volumes in quarto form of a scientific character for exchange with foreign 
governments. 

Statutes at Large. — These large octavo volumes consist of all the laws passed by 
Congress, and are arranged and printed by Little & Brown for the government. 

37 



578 



STATISTICAL BEC0BD8. 



THE 

STATE AND TERRITOEIAL GOVERNORS, 

SINCE THE ADOPTION OF THE FEDEEAL CONSTITUTION. 

[obtained directly pkom the secretaries of states.] 

The men with a star prefixed to their names have been in Congress, 



MAINE. 

FROM TO 

William King 1820 1822 

*AIbion K, Parris 1822 1827 

Enocli Lincoln 1827 1829 

Jonathan G. Ilnuton 1S29 1831 

Samuel E. Smith 1831 1834 

*RobertP. Dunlap 183i 1838 

Edward Kent 1838 1839 

*John Fairfield 1839 1840 

Edward Kent 1840 1841 

*John Fairfield 1841 1843 

*Edward Kavanangh (acting) .1843 1844 

*HLigh J. Anderson 1844 1847 

John W. Dana....; 1847 1850 

John Hubbard 1850 1853 

William G. Crosby 1853 1855 

* Anson P.Morrill 1855 1856 

Samuel Wells 1856 1857 

*Hannibal Hamlin 1857 1857 

Joseph H. Williams 1857 1858 

*Lot M. Morrill 1858 1859 

*Lot M. Morrill (re-elected) . . . 1859 1860 

*Israel Washburne, Jr 1860 1862 

Abner Coburn 1802 1863 

Samuel Cony 1803 1867 

Joshua L. Chamberlain 1807 1869 

Salary, $L500. 
Term one year. 
Seat of Government, Augusta. 

NEW HAMPSH^^E. 

*Josiah Eartlett 1792 1794 

*John Taylor Gilman 1794 1805 

*John Lansdon 1805 1809 

*Jeremiah Smith 1809 ISIO 

Molni Lano-don 1810 1812 

* William Plumer 1812 1813 

*John Taylor Gilman 1813 1816 

^William'Plumer 1816 1819 

*Sanmel Bell .1819 1823 

*Levi Woodbnry 1823 1824 

*DavidL. Morrill 1824 1827 

Beniamin Pierce 1827 1829 

Johii Bell 1828 1830 

*Mathcw Harvey 1830 1831 

*Joseph M. Harper 1831 1831 

*Sarauel Dinsmoor 1831 1834 

William Badger. ; 1834 1836 

*Isaac Hill 1836 1839 

♦John Pa :(e 1839 1842 



FROM TO 

*Henry Hubbard 1842 1844 

John H. Steele 1844 1846 

Anthony Colby 1846 1847 

*Jared W. Williams 1847 1849 

*Samuel Dinsmoor.. 1849 1852 

Noah Martin , 1852 1854 

Nathaniel B. Baker 1854 1855 

Ralph Metcalf. 1855 185G 

Ralph Metcalf. 1856 1857 

* William Halle 1857 1858 

*William Haile (re-elected) . ..1858 1859 

Ichabod Goodwin 1859 1861 

Nathaniel S. Berry 1861 1803 

Joseph A. Gilmore 1863 1865 

Frederick Smyth 1805 1807 

Walter Harriman 1807 1808 

Salary, $1,000. 

Term, one year. 

Seat of Government, Concord. 

VERMONT. 

*Moses Robinson 1789 1790 

Thomas Chittenden 1790 1797 

*Isaac Tichenor 1797 1807 

*IsraeI Smith 1807 1808 

*rsaac Tichenor 1808 1809 

Jonas Galusha 1809 1813 

Martin Chittenden 1813 1815 

Jonas Galusha 1815 1820 

*Richard Skinner 1820 1823 

C. P. Van Ness 1823 182G 

Ezra Butler 1826 1828 

*Samuel C. Crafts 1828 1831 

♦William A. Palmer 1831 1835 

Silas A. Jenison 1835 1841 

Charles Paine 1841 1843 

*John Mattocks 1843 1844 

* William Slade 1844 1846 

Horace Eaton 1846 1849 

Carlos Coolidge 1849 1850 

Charles K. Williams 1850 1852 

Erastns Fairbanks 1852 1853 

John S. Robinson 1853 1854 

Stephen Royce 1854 1856 

R viand Fletcher 1856 1858 

*ililand Hall 1858 1859 

*Hilaud Hall (re-elected) ...... 1859 1860 

Erastns Fairbanks - . .1860 1861 

Frederick Holbrook 1801 1803 

J. Greo-ory Smith 1803 1805 

*Paul Diliina-ham 1805 1807 



STATISTICAL BECOBDS. 



579 



FROM TO 

John B. Pa2:e 18G7 18G8 

Salary, ($1,000. 

Term, one year. 

Seat of Government, Montpelier. 

MASSACHUSETTS. 

*John Hancock 1789 1794 

*Sainuel Adams 179i 1797 

Incrcjise Sumner 1797 1799 

Moses Gill (acting) 1799 1800 

*CaIeb Strong 1800 1807 

*James Sullivan 1807 1808 

*Levi Lincoln (acting) 1808 1809 

^Christopher Gore 1809 1810 

^Elbridge Gerry 1810 1812 

*Caleb Strong 1812 1816 

John Brooks 1816 1823 

* William Eustis 1823 1825 

*Marcus Morton (acting) 1825 1825 

*Levi Lincoln 1825 1834 

*John Davis 1834 1836 

S. T. Armstrong (acting) 1836 1836 

*Edward Everett 1836 1840 

*Marcus Morton 1840 1841 

*John Davis 1841 1843 

*Marcus Morton 1843 1844 

*George N. Briggs 1844 1851 

*George S. BouUvell 1851 1853 

John H. Clifford 1853 1854 

Emory Washburn 1854 1855 

Henry J. Gardner 1855 1858 

*NathauieI P. Banks 1858 1861 

John A. Andrew 1861 1866 

Alexander H. Bullock 1866 1869 

Salary, $5,000. 

Term, one year. 

Seat of Government, Boston. 

EHODE ISLAND. 

Arthur Tenner 1790 1805 

Henry Smith (acting) 1805 1806 

*Isaac Wilbur (acting) 1806 1807 

*James Feuner 1807 1811 

William Jones 1811 1817 

i=Nehemiah K. Knight 1817 1821 

William C. Gibbs 1821 1824 

*James Fenner 1824 1831 

*Lemuel H. Arnold 1831 1833 

*John B. Francis 1833 1838 

William Sprague 1838 1839 

Samuel W. King (acting) 1 839 1840 

Samuel W. King 1840 1843 

* James Fenner 1843 1845 

Charles Jackson 1845 1846 

Byron Diman 1846 1847 

Elisha Harris 1847 1849 

*HenryB. Anthony 1849 1851 

*Philip Allen 1851 1852 

Wm. Beach Lawrence (acting). 1852 1852 

*Philip Allen 1852 1853 

Francis M. Dimond 1853 1854 

William W. Hoppin 1854 1857 

Elisha Dyer 1857 1859 

Thomas G. Turner 1859 1860 

* William Sprague 1860 1863 

John R. Bartlett (acting) 1861 1862 

William C. Cozzens (acting) . . 1862 1863 



FROM 

James Y. Smith 1803 

Ambrose E. Burnside 1866 

Salary, $1,0U0. 

Term, one year. 

Seats of Government, Newport 
Providence, alternately. 

CONNECTICUT. 

*Samuel Huntington 1785 

*01iver Wolcott 1796 

*Jonathan Trumbull 1798 

*John Tread well 1809 

*Roger Griswold 1811 

*John Cotton Smith 1813 

*01i ver Wolcott 1818 

*Gideon Tomlinson 1827 

John S. Peters 1831 

*Henry W. Edwards 1833 

*Samuel A. Foote 1834 

*Henry W. Edwards 1835 

* William W. Ellsworth 1838 

*Chauncey F. Cleveland 1842 

*Roger S. Baldwin 1844 

*Lsaac Toucey 1846 

Clark Bissell 1847 

*Joseph Trumbull 1849 

*Thomas H. Sevmour 1850 

C. H. Pond (acting) 1853 

Henry Dutton 1854 

William T. Minor 1855 

Alexander H. HoUey 1857 

William A. Buckingham 1858 

Joseph R. Hawley 1866 

James E. English 1867 

Salary, $l,l00. 

Term, one year. 

Seats of Government, Hartford and 
Haven, alternately. 

NEW YORK. 

*George Clinton 1789 

*John"jay 1795 

*George Clinton 1801 

Morgaii Lewis 1804 

*Daniel D. Tompkins 1807 

John Tayler (acting) 1816 

*De Witt Clinton 1817 

Joseph C. Yates 1822 

*De Witt Clinton 1824 

*Nathaniel Pitcher (acting) . ..1827 

*Martiu Van Buren 1829 

*Enos T. Throop 1831 

*Wi JJiam L. Marcy 1833 

*Wiiriam H. Seward 1839 

William C. Bouck 1843 

*Silas Wright 1845 

*John Young 1847 

^Hamilton Fish 1849 

*Washingtou Ilunt 1851 

Horatio Seymour 1853 

Myron H. Clark 1855 ' 

*John A. King 1857 

*Edwin D. Morgan 1859 

Horatio Seymour 1863 

*Reuben E. Fenton 1865 

Salary, $4,000. 

Terra, two years. 

Seat of Government, Albany. 



TO 

18G6 

1868 



and 



1796 
1798 
1809 
1811 
1813 
1818 
1827 
1831 
1833 
1834 
1835 
1838 
1842 
1844 
1846 
1847 
1849 
1850 
1853 
1854 
1855 
1857 
1858 
1866 
1867 
1868 



New 



1795 
1801 
1804 
1807 
1816 
1817 
1822 
1824 
1827 
1829 
1830 
1833 
1839 
1843 
1845 
1847 
1849 
1851 
1853 
1855 
1857 
1859 
1863 
1865 
1869 



580 



STATISTICAL BEC0BD8. 



NEW JERSEY. 

* William Livingston 1789 1794 

* William Paterson 1794 1794 

Kichard Howell 1794 1801 

Joseph Bloomfleld 1801 1812 

*Aaron Ogden 1812 1813 

William S. Pennington 1813 1815 

*Mahlon Dickerson 1815 1817 

Isaac H. Williamson 1817 1829 

*Peter D. Vroom 1829 1832 

*Samuel L. Southard 1832 1833 

Elias P. Seely 1833 1833 

*Peter D. Vroom 1833 1836 

*Philemon Dickerson 1836 1837 

* William Pennington 1837 1843 

Daniel Haines 1843 1844 

*Charles C. Stratton 1844 1848 

Daniel Haines 1848 1851 

George F. Fort 1851 1854 

*Rodman M. Price 1854 1857 

* William A. Newell 1857 1860 

Charles S. Olden 1860 1863 

Joel Parker 1863 1866 

Marcus L. Ward 1866 1869 

Salary, f3,000. 

Term, four years. 

Seat of Government, Trenton. 

PENNSYLVANIA. 

*Thomas Mifflin 1790 1799 

Thomas McKean 1799 1808 

Simon Snyder 1808 1817 

* William Findlay 1817 1820 

* Joseph Heister 1820 1823 

John Andrew Shulze 1823 1829 

*George Wolf 1829 1835 

Joseph Ritner 1835 1839 

David R. Porter 1839 1845 

Francis R. Shunk 1845 1848 

William F. Johnston 1848 1852 

* William Bigler 1852 1855 

* James Pollock 1855 1858 

William F. Packer 1858 1861 

Andrew G. Curtin 1861 1867 

John W. Geary 1867 1870 

Salary, $5,000. 

Term, three years. 

Seat of Government, Harrisburg. 

DELAWARE. 

* Joshua Clayton 1789 1796 

*Gunning Bedford 1796 1797 

Daniel Rogers 1797 1798 

*Richard Bassett 1798 1801 

* James Sykes (acting) 1801 1802 

David Hall 1802 1805 

*Nathaniel Mitchell 1805 1808 

George Truett 1808 1811 

Joseph Haslett 1811 1814 

*Daniel Rodney 1814 1817 

John Clarke 1817 1820 

Jacob Stout (acting) 1820 1821 

John Collins 1821 1822 

Caleb Rodney (acting) 1822 1823 

Joseph Haslett 1823 1824 

Samuel Payuter 1824 1827 



FROM TO 

George Poindexter 1 827 1830 

David Hazzard 1830 1833 

Caleb P. Bennett 1833 1837 

Cornelius P. Comegys 1837 1840 

William B. Cooper 1840 1844 

Thomas Stockton. . . ./•. 1844 1846 

Joseph Maul (acting) .".v 1846 1846 

*William Temple 1846 1846 

William Thorp 1846 1851 

William H. Ross 1851 1855 

Peter F. Causey 1855 1859 

William Burton 1859 1863 

William Cannon 1863 1805 

Gove Saulsbury 1865 1871 

Salary, $1,333^. 

Term, four years. 

Seat of Government, Dover. 

MARYLAND. 

*John Eager Howard 1788 1792 

George Plater 1792 1792 

*Thomas Sim Lee 1792 1794 

JohnH. Stone 1794 1797 

*John Henry 1797 1798 

Benjamin Ogle 1798 1801 

*John F. Mercer 1801 1803 

Robert Bowie 1803 1805 

Robert Wright 1805 1809 

*Edward Lloyd 1809 . 1811 

Robert Bowie 1811 1812 

Levin Winder 1812 1815 

C. Ridgely 1815 1818 

*C. W. Goldsborough 1818 1819 

Samuel Sprigg 1819 1822 

Samuel Stevens 1822 1826 

*Joseph Kent 1826 1829 

Daniel Martin 1829 1830 

T. K. Carroll 1830 1831 

Daniel Martin 1831 1831 

George Howard (acting) 183i 1832 

George Howard 1832 1833 

James Thomas 1833 1836 

Thomas W. Veasay 1836 1838 

William Grayson 1838 1841 

*Francis Thomas 1841 1844 

*Thomas G. Pratt 1844 1848 

*Philip F. Thomas 1848 1851 

Enoch L. Lowe 1851 1854 

*Thomas W. Ligon 1854 1858 

*Thomas H. Hicks 1858 1862 

Augustus W. Bradford 1862 1866 

*Thomas S wann 1866 1867 

Oden Bowie • • ■ 1867 1871 

Salary, $3,600, with a furnished house. 

Term, four years. 

Seat of Government, Annapolis. 

VIRGINIA. 

Beverly Randolph 1788 1 791 

*Henry Lee 1791 1794 

Robert Brooke 1794 1796 

James Wood 1796 1799 

* James Monroe 1799 1802 

*John Page 1802 1805 

William H. Cabell 1805 1808 

John Tyler 1808 1811 

*James Monroe 1811 1811 



STATISTICAL BECOBDS. 



581 



FROM TO 

George W. Smith 1811 1812 

* James Barbour 1812 1814 

*Wilson C. Nicholas 1814 1816 

James P. Preston 1816 1819 

*Thomas M. Randolph 1819 1822 

James Pleasant 1822 1825 

*John Tyler 1825 1827 

♦William B. Giles 1827 1830 

*John Floyd 1830 1834 

♦Littleton W. Tazewell 1834 1836 

Windham Robertson (acting) . 1836 1837 

David Campbell 1837 1840 , 

*Thomas W. Gilmer 1840 1841 

John Rutherford 1841 1842 

John M. Gregory 1842 1843 

*James McDowell 1843 1846 

♦William Smith 1846 1849 

JohnB. Floyd 1849 1852 

♦Joseph Johnson 1852 1856 

♦Henry A. Wise 1856 1860 

♦John Letcher 1860 1864 

Francis H. Pierpont 1864 1868 

Salary, $5,000. 

Term, three years. 

Seat of Government, Richmond. 

NORTH CAROLINA. 

♦Alexander Martin 1789 1792 

♦Richard D. Spaight 1792 1795 

Samuel Ashe 1795 1798 

William R. Davie 1798 1799 

♦Benjamin Williams 1799 1802 

♦James Turner 1802 1805 

♦Nathaniel Alexander 1805 1807 

♦Benjamin Williams 1807 1808 

♦David Stone 1808 1810 

Benjamin Smith 1810 1811 

William Hawkins 1811 1814 

William Miller 1814 1817 

♦John Branch 1817 1820 

♦Jesse Franklin 1820 1821 

♦Gabriel Holmes 1821 1824 

Hutchins G. Burton 1824 1827 

♦James Iredell 1827 1828 

John Owen 1828 1830 

♦Montfort Stokes 1830 1832 

David L. Swain 1832 1835 

♦Richard D. Spaight 1835 1837 

♦Edward B. Dudley 1837 1841 

John M. Morehead 1841 1845 

♦William A. Graham 1845 1849 

Charles Manly 1849 1851 

♦David S. Reid 1851 1855 

♦Thomas Bragg 1855 1859 

John W. Ellis 1859 1861 

*Z. B. Vance 1861 1865 

Wm. W. Holden (Provisional). 1865 1865 

Jonathan Worth 1865 1869 

Salary, $4,000. 

Term, two years. 

Seat of Government, Raleigh. 

SOUTH CAROLINA. 

*Charles Pinckney 1789 1792 

Arnoldus Vanderhorst 1792 1794 

William Moultrie 1794 1796 

♦Charles Pinckney 1796 1798 



FROM TO 

♦Edward Rutledge 1798 1800 

John Drayton (acting) 1800 1800 

John Drayton (acting) 1800 1802 

James B. Richardson 1802 1804 

Paul Hamilton. ." 1804 1806 

♦Charles Pinckney 1806 1808 

John Drayton 1808 1810 

♦Henry Middleton 1810 1812 

Joseph Alston 1812 1814 

♦David R. Williams 1814 1816 

♦Audrew Pickens 1.816 1818 

John Geddes 1818 1820 

Thomas Beuuet 1820 1822 

JohnL. Wilson 1822 1824 

♦Richard I. Manning 1824 1826 

♦John Taylor 1826 1828 

♦Stephen D. Miller 1828 1830 

James Hamilton 1830 1832 

♦Robert Y. Hayne 1832 1834 

♦George McDuffle 1834 1836 

Pierce M. Butler 1836 1838 

Patrick Noble 1838 1840 

B. K. Hennegan (acting) 1840 1840 

♦J. P. Richardson 1840 1842 

♦James H. Hammond 1842 1844 

William Aiken 1844 1846 

David Johnson 1846 1848 

W. B. Seabrook 1848 1850 

John H. Means 1850 1852 

John L. Manning 1852 1854 

James H. Adams 1854 1856 

R. F. W. Alston 1856 1858 

William H. Gist 1858 1860 

♦Francis W. Pickens 1860 1862 

♦M. L. Bonham 1862 1864 

A. G. Magrath 1864 1865 

Benj. F. Perry (Provisional) . .1865 1866 

♦James L. Orr 1866 1869 

Salary, f3,500. 

Term, two years. 

Seat of Government, Columbia. 

GEORGIA. 

♦George Walton 1789 1790 

♦Edward Telfair 1790 1793 

♦George Matthews 1793 1796 

Jared Irwin 1796 1798 

♦James Jackson 1798 1801 

David Emanuel (acting) 1801 1801 

♦Josiah Tatuall 1801 1802 

♦John Milledge 1802 1806 

Jared Irwin 1806 1809 

David B. Mitchell 1809 1813 

♦Peter Early 1813 1815 

David B. Mitchell 1815 1817 

William Rabun 1817 1819 

Matthew Talbot (acting) 1819 1819 

John Clark 1819 1823 

♦George M. Troup 1823 1827 

John Forsyth 1827 1829 

♦George R. Gilmer 1829 1831 

♦Wilson Lumpkin 1831 1835 

♦William Schley 1835 1837 

♦George R. Gilmer 1837 1839 

Charles J. McDonald 1839 1843 

♦George W. Crawford 1843 1847 

♦George W. B. Towns 1847 1851 

♦Howell Cobb 1851 1853 



582 



STATISTICAL BECOBDS. 



FROM TO 

*Herschel V. Johnson 1853 1857 

Joseph E. Brown 1857 1865 

*James Johnson (Provisional). 1865 1865 
Charles J. Jenkins 1865 1867 

Salai-y, f 3,000. 

Term, two years. 

Seat of Government, Milledgeville. 

TLOEIDA. 

TERRITORY. 

William P. Duval 1822 1834 

* John H. Eaton 1834 1836 

*Eichard K. Call 1836 1839 

Robert R. Reid 1839 1841 

*Richard K. Call 1841 1844 

John Branch 1844 1845 

STATE. 

William D. Moseley 1 845 1849 

Thomas Brown i849 1853 

James E. Broome 1853 1857 

Madison S. Perry 1857 1861 

John Milton 1861 1864 

William Marvin (Provisional) . 1865 1866 

David S. Walker 1866 1868 

Salary, $1,500. 

Term four years. 

Seat of Government, Tallahassee. 

ALABAMA. 

William W. Bibb 1819 1820 

Thomas Bibb 1820 1821 

*Israel Pickens 1821 1825 

*John Murphy 1825 1829 

*Gabriel Moore 1829 1831 

*John Gayle 1831 1835 

*Clement C. Clay 1835 1837 

*Arthur P. Bagby 1837 1841 

*Benjamin Fitzpatrick 1841 1845 

* Joshua L. Martin 1S45 1847 

*Keuben Chapman 1847 1849 

Henry W. Collier 1849 1853 

John A. Winston 1853 1857 

Andrew B. Moore 1857 1861 

Re-elected 1861 1863 

Thomas H. Watts 1863 1865 

Lewis E. Parsons (Provisional) 1865 1865 

E. M. Patton 1865 1868 

Salary, $2,500. 

Terra, two years. 

Seat of Government, Montgomery. 

MISSISSIPPI. 

TERRITORY. 

Winthrop Sargent 1793 1802 

*W. C. C. Claiborne 1802 1805 

Robert Williams 1805 1809 

*David Holmes 1809 1817 

STATE. 

*David Holmes 1817 1819 

*George Poiudexter 1819 1821 



FROM TO 

Walter Leake 1821 1825 

David Holmes 1825 1827 

Gerard C Brandon 1827 1831 

Abraham M. Scott 1831 1833 

Hiram G. Runnels 1833 1835 

Charles Lynch 1835 1837 

Alexander G. McNutt 1837 1841 

*Tilgham M. Tucker 1841 1843 

*Albert G. Brown 1843 1848 

*Joseph W. Mathews 1848 1850 

*John A. Quitman 1850 1851 

John J. Guion (acting) 1851 1851 

James Whitfield 1851 1852 

*Henry S. Foote 1852 1854 

*John J. MacRae 1854 1858 

♦William McWillie 1858 1860 

John J. Pettus 1860 1862 

*Jacob Thompson 1862 

Wm. L. Sharkey (Provisional) 1865 1866 

Benjamin G. Humphries 1866 1868 

Salary, $3,000. 

Terra, two years. 

Seat of Government, Jackson. 

LOUISIANA. 

TERRITORY OF ORLEANS. 

*Wmiam C. C. Claiborne 1804 1812 

STATE. 

* William C. C. Claiborne 1812 1816 

James Villare 1816 1820 

Thomas B. Robertson 1820 1822 

H. S. Thibodeaux (acting) 1822 1824 

*Henry Johnson 1824 1828 

Peter Derbigney 1828 1829 

A. Bauvais (acting) 1829 1830 

Jacques Dupre (acting) 1830 1830 

Andre B. Roman ". 1830 1834 

*Edward D. White 1834 1838 

Andre B. Roman 1838 1841 

♦Alexander Mouton 1841 1845 

Isaac Johnson 1845 1850 

Joseph Walker 1850 1854 

Paul O. Hebert 1854 1858 

R. C. Wicklitfe 1858 1860 

Thomas O. Moore 1860 1864 

♦Michael Hahn 1864 1864 

James M. Wells 1864 1867 

*B. F. Flanders (by military 

authority) 1867 

Salary, $4,000. 

Term, four years. 

Seat of Government, Baton Rouge. 

TEXAS. 

♦J. Pinckney Henderson 1846 1847 

George T. Wood 1847 1849 

*P. H. Bell 1849 1853 

Edward M. Pease 1853 1857 

H. G. Runnels 1857 1859 

* Sam. Houston 1859 1861 

F. R. Lubbeck 1861 1865 

*A. J. Hamilton (Provisional) . . 1865 1866 

J. W. Throckmorton 1866 1867 



STATISTICAL BECOBDS. 



583 



FROM TO 

E. M. Pease 1867 1870 

Salary, $4,000. 

Term, two years. 

Seat of Government, Austin. 

AEKANSAS. 

TEKRITOKY. 

James Miller 1819 1825 

George Izard 1825 1829 

*John Pope 1829 1835 

* William S. Pulton 1835 1836 

STATE. 

James S. Conway 1836 1840 

*Archibalcl Yell 1840 1844 

Samuel Adams (acting) 1844 1844 

Thomas S. Drew 1844 1848 

John S. Roane 1848 1852 

Ellas N. Conway 1852 ISCO 

Henry M. Rector 1860 1864 

Isaac Murphy 1864 1868 

Salary, $2,500. 

Term, four years. 

Seat of Government, Little Eock. 

TENNESSEE. 

*John Sevier 1796 1801 

Archibald Roane 1801 1803 

*John Sevier 1803 1809 

*Williara Blount 1809 1815 

Joseph McMin 1815 1821 

William Carroll 1821 1827 

*Sam. Houston 1827 1829 

William Carroll 1829 1835 

*Newton Cannon 1835 1839 

*Jaraes K. Polk 1839 1841 

*James C. Jones 1841 1845 

*Aaron V. Brown 1845 1847 

Neil S. Brown 1847 1849 

William Trousdale 1849 1851 

*Williain B. Campbell 1851 1853 

*Andrew Johnson 1853 1857 

*Isham G. Harris 1857 1861 

*Andrew Johnson (military) . . . 1862 1864 

W. G. Brownlow 1865 1869 

Salary, $3,000. 

Term, two years. 

Seat of Government, Nashville. 

KENTUCKY. 

Isaac Shelby 1792 1796 

James Garrard 1796 1804 

♦Christopher Greenup 1804 1808 

Charles Scott 1808 1812 

Isaac Shelby 1812 1816 

George Madison 1816 1816 

G. Slaughter (acting) 1816 1820 

*.John Adair 1820 1824 

♦Joseph Uesha 1824 1828 

♦Thomas Metcalfe 1828 1832 

John Breathitt 1832 1834 

*J. T. Morehead (acting) 1834 1836 

James Clark 1836 1837 

*C. A. Wickliffe (acting) 1839 1840 



FROM TO 

♦Robert P. Letcher 1840 1844 

William Owsley 1844 1848 

♦John J. Crittenden 1848 1850 

John L. Helm (acting) 1850 1851 

♦Lazarus W. Powell, 1851 1855 

♦Charles S. Morehead 1855 1859 

BeriahMagoffln 18.59 1861 

J. P. Robinson 1861 1863 

Thomas E. Bramlette 1863 1867 

JohnL. Helm 1867 1867 

♦John W. Stevenson (acting) ..1867 1868 

Salary, $2,500. 

Term, four years. 

Seat of Government, Prankfort. 

OHIO. 

TEKRITORY. 

Arthur St. Clair 1788 1803 

STATE. 

♦Edward Tiffin 1803 1807 

Thomas Kirker (acting) 1807 1807 

Samuel Huntington 1808 1810 

♦Return J. Meigs 1810 1814 

Othueil Looker (acting) 1814 1814 

♦Thomas Worthington 1814 1818 

♦Ethan Allen Brown 1818 1822 

Allen Trimble (acting) 1822 1822 

♦Jeremiah Morrow 1822 1826 

Allen Trimble 1826 1830 

Duncan Mc Arthur 1830 1832 

Rober.t Lucas 1832 1836 

♦Joseph Vance 1836 1838 

♦Wilson Shannon 1838 1 840 

♦Thomas Corwin 1840 1842 

♦Wilson Shannon 1842 1844 

Thomas W. Bartley (acting) . . . 1844 1844 

♦Mordecai Bartley 1844 1846 

William Bebb 1846 1848 

SeaburyPord 1848 1850 

Reuben Wood 1850 1853 

♦William Medill 1853 1856 

♦Salmon P. Chase 1856 1860 

William Dennison 1860 1862 

David Tod 1862 1864 

John Brough 1864 1865 

Charles Anderson (acting) 18G5 1866 

Jacob D.Cox. 1866 1868 

Rutherford B. Hayes 1868 1870 

Salary, $1,800. 

Term, two years. 

Seat of Government, Columbus. 

MICHIGAN. 

TERRITORY. 

William Hull 1805 1814 

♦Lewis Cass 1814 1831 

George B. Porter 1831 1834 

♦Stevens T. Mason (acting) 1834 1835 

J. S. Horner (acting) 1835 1836 

STATE. 

♦Stevens T. Mason 1836 1840 

♦William Woodbridge 1840 1841 



584 



STATISTICAL BEOOBDS. 



FROM TO 

J. W. Gordon (acting) 1841 1842 

John S. Barry 1842 1846 

*Alpheus Felch 1846 1847 

W. L. Greenley (acting) 1847 1848 

Epaphroditus Ransom 1848 1850 

John S. Barry 1850 1852 

*Robert McClelland 1852 1853 

A. Parsons (acting) 1853 1855 

*Kinsley S. Bingham 1855 1857 

^Kinsley S. Bingham 1857 1859 

Moses Wisner 1859 1861 

*Austin Blair 1861 1865 

Henry H. Crapo 1865 1869 

Salary, $1,500. 

Term, two years. 

Seat of Government, Lansing. 

INDIANA. 
TERRITORY. 

William H. Harrison 1800 1811 

John Gibson (acting) 1811 1813 

Thomas Posey 1813 1816 

STATE. 

•Jonathan Jennings 1816 1822 

*William Hendricks 1822 1825 

James Brown Ray 1825 1831 

Noah Noble 1831 1837 

*David Wallace 1837 1840 

Samuel Bigger 1840 1843 

*James Whitcomb 1843 1848 

Paris C. Dunning!^ 1848 1849 

*Joseph A. Wright 1849 1857 

Ashbel P. Willard 1857 Died 

*Henry S. Lane 1861 1861 

*01iver P. Morton 1861 1867 

Conrad Baker 1867 1869 

Salary, f 3,000. 

Term, four years. 

Seat of Government, Indianapolis. 

ILLINOIS. 

TERRITORY. 

*Ninian Edwards 1809 1818 

STATE. 

*Shadrach Bond 1818 1822 

Edward Coles 1822 1826 

*Ninian Edwards 1826 1830 

*John Reynolds 1830 1834 

*Joseph Ducan 1834 1838 

Thomas Carlin 1838 1842 

Thomas Ford 1842 1846 

Augustus C. French 1846 1853 

Joel A, Matteson 1853 1857 

*William H. Bissell 1857 1860 

John Woods 1860 1861 

*Richard Yates 1861 1865 

Richard J. Oglesby 1865 1869 

Salary, f 1,500. 

Term, four years. 

Seat of Government, Springfield. 



MISSOURI. . 

TERRITORY. 

FROM TO 

Beni'amin Howard 

William Clark 

STATE. 

Alexander McNair 1820 1824 

Frederick Bates 1824 1826 

*John Miller 1826 1832 

Daniel Dunklin 1832 1836 

L. W. Boggs 1836 1840 

Thomas Reynolds 1840 1844 

*John C. Edwards 1844 1848 

♦Austin A. King 1848 1853 

♦Sterling Price 1853 1857 

*Trusten Polk 1857 1857 

Hancock Jackson (acting) 1857 1857 

R. M. Stewart 1857 1861 

Claiborne F. Jackson 1861 1861 

H. R. Gamble 1861 1864 

Thomas C. Fletcher 1864 1868 

Salary, $5,000 

Term, four years. 

Seat of Government, Jefferson City. 

IOWA. 

TERRITORY. 

Robert Lucas 1838 1841 

John Chambers 1841 1846 

James Clark 1846 1846 

STATE. 

Ansel Briggs 1846 1850 

Stephen He mpstead 1850 1854 

* James W. Grimes 1854 1858 

Ralph P. Lowe 1858 1860 

*S. J. Kirk wood 1860 1864 

Wm. M. Stone 1864 1868 

Samuel Merrill 1868 1870 

Salary, $2,200. 

Term, two years. 

Seat of Government, Des Moines City. 

WISCONSIN. 

TERRITORY. 

*Henry Dodge 1836 1841 

*Jaraes D. Doty 1841 1844 

♦Nathaniel P. Tallmadge 1844 1845 

♦Henry Dodge 1845 1848 

STATE. 

Nelson Dewey 1848 1851 

Leonard J. Farwell . . . . ' 1851 1853 

William A. Barstow 1853 1855 

Coles Bashford 1855 1857 

Alexander W. Randall 1857 1861 

Edward Solomon 1861 1863 

James T. Lewis 1863 1866 



* During the unexpired term of Governor Whitcomb, elected in 1848 to the United States Senate. 



STATISTICAL BECOBDS. 



585 



FKOJI TO 

Lucius Fairchild 1866 1869 

Salary, $1,250. 

Term, two years. 

Seat of Government, Madison. 

CALIFORNIA. 

Peter H. Burnett 1849 1851 

John McDougall (acting) 1851 1852 

*JohnBigler 1852 1856 

J. Neely Johnson 1856 1858 

*John B. Weller 1858 1860 

*M. S.Latham 1860 1862 

John G. Downey 1860 1862 

Leland Stanford 1861 1863 

Frederick F. Low 1863 1868 

Henry H. Haight 1868 1870 

Salary, .$U,000. 

Tei'm, two years. 

Seat of Government, Sacramento. 

MINNESOTA. 

TERKITOKY. 

♦Alexander Eamsey 1849 1853 

Willis A. Gorman 1853 1857 

Samuel Medary 1857 1858 

STATE. 

*HenryH. Sibley 1858 1858 

* Alexander Ramsey 1858 1862 

Stephen Miller 1863 1866 

William R. Marshall 1866 1868 

Salary, $2,500. 

Term, two years. 

Seat of Government, St. Paul. 

OREGON. 

TERRITORT. 

*James Shields 1848 

*Joseph Lane 1848 

John P. Gaines 1850 

*Joseph Lane 1853 

John W. Davis 1853 

George L. Curry 1854 

STATE. 

John Whittaker 1859 1862 

A. C. Gibbs 1862 1866 

George L. Woods 1866 1870 

Salary, $1,500. 

Term, four years. 

Seat of Government, Salem. 

KANSAS. 

TERRITORY. 

A. H. Reeder - 1854 

* John L. Dawson (Declined) 1855 

Wilson Shannon 1855 

John W. Geary 1856 

*R. J. Walker 1857 



*J. W. Denver 1858 

*F. P. Stanton 1858 

STATE. 

Charles Robinson 1801 

Thomas Carney from 1861 to 1864 

S. J. Crawford from 1864 to 1869 

Salary, $2,500. 

Term, four years. 

WEST VIRGINIA. 

Arthur I. Boreman from 1861 to 1869 

Salary, $2,000. 

Term, two years^ 

Seat of Government, Wheelins^. 

NEVADA. 

TERRITORY. 

♦James W. Nye li . 

STATE. 

H. G. Blaisdell from 1864 to 1869 

Salary, $4,000. 

Term, four years. 

Seat of Government, Carson City. 

NEBRASKA. 

TERRITORY. 

♦William O. Butler (Declined.) 1854 

Francis Burt 1854 

Mark W. Izard 1854 

♦Wm. A. Richardson 1857 

Samuel W. Black 1861 



David Butler from 1867 to 1868 

Salary, $1000. 

Term, two years. 

Seat of Government, Omaha City. 

TERRITORY OF NEW MEXICO. 

James S. Calhoun 1851 

William Carr Lane 1852 

*Solon Boi'land 1853 

David Merriwether 1853 

Abraham Rencher 1857 

Henry Connelly 1861 

Robert B. Mitchell 1805 

W. M. T. Arny (actiujr) 1867 

Salary, $3,000. 

Term, four years. 

Seat of Government, Santa Fe. 

TERRITORY OF UTAH. 

Brigham Young 1850 

Edward J. Steptoe 1854 

Alfred Cummings 1857 

S. S.Harding 1861 

James D. Doty 1864 



586 



STATISTICAL BECOBBS.' 



*Charles Durkee 1865 

Salary, |2,500. 

Term, four years. 

Seat of Goverument, Great Salt Lake 

City. 

"WASHINGTON TERRITOEY. 

*Isaac I. Stevens 1853 

*J. Patton Anderson 1857 

Fayette McMuUen 1857 

Ricliard D.- Gholson 1861 

* William H. Wallace 1861 

William Pickering 1861 

MarshallF. Moore 1867 

Salary, $3,000. 

Term, four years. 

Seat of Goverument, Olympia. 

TERRITORY OP COLORADO. 

John Evans 1861 

Alexander Cummings 1865 

A. C. Hunt 1867 

Salary, $2,500. 

Term, four years. 

Seat of Government, Golden City. 

TERRITORY OF DACOTAH. 

*William Jayne 1861 

Newton Edmunds 1863 

Andrew J. Faulk 1866 



Salary, |1,500. 

Term, four years. 

Seat of Government, Yancton. 

TERRITORY OF ARIZONA. 

*Joliu A. Gurley 1862 

* John N. Goodwm 1863 

M. M. Crocker (military) 1864 

Richard C. McCormick 1866 

David W. Ballard 1867 

Salary, $3,000. 

Term, four years. 

Seat of Government, Tucson, 

TERRITORY OF IDAHO. 

*William H. Wallace 1863 

*Caleb Lyon, of Lyonsdale 1864 

David W. Ballard 1866 

Isaac L. Gibbs 1867 

Salary, $2,500. 

Term, four years. 

Seat of Government, Boise City. 

TERRITORY OF MONTANA 

*Sidney Edgerton 1864 

Francis Meagher (acting) 1865 

*Greeu Clay Smith 1866 

Salary, $2,500. 

Term, four years. 

Stat of Government, Virginia City. 



STATISTICAL BECOBDS. 587 

TIIGHT OF SUFFRAGE IN EACH STATE. 

[from the state constitutions.] 



MAINE 

Gives tlie ballot to every male citizen of the United States of the age of tvrenty-one 
years and upward, excepting paupers, persons under guardianship, and Indians not 
taxed, having resided in the State three mouths. — {Constitution of Oct. 29, 1819.) 

NEW HAMPSHIRE 

Gives the ballot to " every male inhabitant " of twenty-one years, except paupers and 
persons excused from paying taxes at their own request. Freehold property qualifica- 
tions were formerly required for office-holders, but these are abolished. New Hamp- 
shire never excluded colored men from voting or holding office. — {Constitution of 1792.) 

VERMONT. 

Every man twenty-one years of age, who has resided one year in the State, and who 
will take an oath to vote " so as in his conscience he shall judge will most conduce to 
the best good" of the State, may vote. — {Constitution o/1793.) 

MASSACHUSETTS. 

The ballot belongs to every male citizen, twenty-one years of age (except paupers and 
persons under guai'dianship), who shall have paid any tax assessed within two years, or 
who shall be exempted from taxation. But no person has the right to vote, or is eligible to 
office under the Constitution of this Commonwealth, who is not able to read the Con- 
stitution in the English language, and write his name. But this provision does not 
apply to any person prevented by a physical disability from complying with its requi- 
sitions, nor to any persons who shall be sixty years of age or upward at the time this 
amendment shall take effect. — {Amendment to Constitution of 1780.) 

RHODE ISLAND 

Gives the right of suffrage : — 

1. To every male citizen of full age, one year in the State, six months in the town, 
owning real estate worth one hundred and thirty-four dollars, or renting seven dollars 
per annum. 

2. To every native male citizen of full age, two years in the State, six months in the 
town, who is duly registered, who has paid one dollar tax, or done militia service within 
the year. — {Constitution of 181:2.) 

CONNECTICUT 

Gives the ballot to all persons, whether white or black, who were freemen at the 
adoption of herConstituticm (1818), and subsequently to " every white male citizen of 
the United States," of full age, resident six months in the town, and owning a freehold 
of the yearly value or seven dollars, or who shall have performed militia duty j'paid a State 
tax, and sustained a good moral character within the year. This was amended in 1845 by 
striking out the property and tax-paying qualification, and fixing the residence at one 
year in the State, and six months in the town. Only those negroes have voted in Con- 
necticut who were admitted freedmen prior to 1818. 

INDIANA 

Gives the right of suffrage to " every white male citizen of the United States," of 
full age and six months' residence in the State, and every white male of foreign birth and 
full age, who has resided one year in the United States, and six months preceding the 
election in tbe State, and who has declared his intention tol)ecome a citizen. No per- 
son shall lose his vote by absence in the service of the State, or United States. "No 
negro or mulatto shall have the right of suffrage." 



588 STATISTICAL BECOBDS. 



ILLINOIS 

Gives the vote to " every white male citizen " of full age, residing one year in the State, 
and " every white male inhabitant" who was a resident of the State at the adoption of 
this Constitution. Like provisions to those of Indiana exist here, relative to persons 
in the service of the United States. — {Constitution of 18i7.) 

MISSOUEI, 
By her Free State Constitution of 1865, excludes the blacks from voting. 

MICHIGAN 

Gives the ballot to every white male citizen, to every white male inhabitant residing 
in the State, June 24th, 1835, and to every white male inhabitant residing in the State 
January 1st, 1850, who has declared his intention, etc., or who has resided two and a 
half years in the State, and declared his intention, and to every civilized male Indian 
inhabitant, not a member of any tribe. But no person shall vote unless of full age, 
and a resident three months in the State and six days in the town. — (^Constitution of 
1850.) 

IOWA. 

Every " white male citizen" of U. S., of full age, resident six months in the State, 
sixty days in the county, has the right of voting. 

NEW YOKK 

Admits to the suffrage " every male citizen " of ftill age, who shall have been ten 
days a citizen, one year in the State, four months in the country, and thirty days in the 
district. But no man of color shall vote unless he has been three years a citizen of the 
State, and for one year the owner of a freehold worth $250, over incumbrances, on which 
he shall have paid a tax, and he is to be subject to no direct tax, unless he owns such 
freehold. Laws are authoi'ized and have been passed, excluding from the suffrage 
persons convicted of bribery, larceny, or infamous crime, also persons betting on the 
election. No person gains or loses a residence by reason of presence or absence in 
the service of the United States — nor in navigation — nor as a student in a seminary 
— nor in an asylum or prison. A registry law also exists. 

NEW JERSEY 

Gives the ballot, by its Constitution of 1844, to "every white male citizen" of the 
United States, of full age, residing one year in the State and five months in the county, 
except that no pauper, idiot, insane person, or persons convicted of a crime which ex- 
cludes him from being a witness, shall vote. 

PENNSYLVANIA 

Gives a vote to " every white freeman," of full age, who has resided one year in the 
State and ten days in the election district, and has within two years paid a tax, except 
that a once qualified voter returning into the State after an absence which disqualifies 
him from voting, regains his vote by a six months' residence, and except that white free 
citizens under twenty-two and over twenty-one vote without paying taxes. 

OHIO 

Limits the elective franchise to " every white male citizen " of the United States, of 
full age, resident one year in the State. (^Constitution of 1851.) But the courts of Ohio 
having held that every person of one-half white blood is a " white male citizen" within 
the Constitution, and that the burden of proof is with the challenging party, to show 
that the person is more than half black, which is impracticable— in practice, negroes in 
Ohio vote without restriction. 

WISCONSIN. 

Every malo person of full age, resident one year in the State and being either: 1. A 
White citizen of the United States ; 2. A white alien who has declared his intention ; 



STATISTICAL BECOBDS. 589 



3. A person of Indian blood who has been declared a citizen by act of Congress ; 4. 
Civilized persons of Indian descent not members of any tribe. 

CALIFOENIA. 

Every white male citizen of the United States (or of Mexico, who shall have elected 
to become a citizen of the United States under treaty ofQueretai'o) of full age, resident 
six months in the State and thirty days in the district. The Legislature has power to 
extend the right to Indians and their descendants. 

MINNESOTA. 

Every male person of full age, resident one year in the United States, and four months 
in the State, and being either : 1. A white citizen of the United States ; 2. A white alien 
who has declared his intention ; 3. Civilized persons of mixed white and Indian blood ; 

4. Civilized Indians certified by a district court to be fit for citizenship. 

OREGON. 

Every white male citizen of full age, six months a resident in the State, and every 
white male alien, of full age, resident in the United States one year, who has declared his 
intention, may vote; but •*no negro, Chinaman, or mulatto." 

KANSAS 

Gives the ballot to every white male adult resident six months in the State, and thirty 
days in the town, who is either a citizen, or has declared his intention. 

WEST VIRGINIA. 

Every white male citizen (except minors, lunatics and felons), resident one year in the 
State, and thirty days in the county. 

NEVADA. 

The law on the right of suffrage is similar to that of Oregon. 

NEBRASKA. 

White citizens, native and naturalized, who have attained the age of twenty-one, and 
resided in the State for the period provided by law. 

DELAWARE, 

By her Constitution as revised in 1831, Art. 4, Sec. 1, gives the elective franchise to 
every free white male citizen of the age of twenty -two years who has resided one year in 
the State and the last mouth thereof in the county, and who has within two years paid a 
county tax, assessed at least six mouths before the election; every free white male citi- 
zen over twenty-one and under twenty-two may vote without paying any tax. Idiots, 
insane persons, paupers, and felons are excluded from voting, and the Legislature may 
impose forfeiture of the right of suffrage as a punishment for crime. 

MARYLAND, 

By her Constitution, adopted in 1851, Art. 1, Sec. 1, allows " every free white male 
person of twenty-one years of age, or upward," who has resided one year in the State, 
six months in the county, and is a citizen of the United States, to vote in the election dis- 
trict in which he resides ; but no adult convicted of an infamous crime unless pardoned, 
and no lunatic or person non compos mentis shall vote. — (^Unchanged by Co)istUution of 
1867.) 

VIRGINIA, 

By her Constitution of 1851, admitted. to vote " every white male citizen of Virginia 
of twenty -one years, who has resided two years in the State, and twelve months in the 
county, except persons of unsound mind, paupers, non-commissioned officers, soldiers, 
seamen, or marines in the United States service, or persons convicted of bribery, or 



590 STATISTICAL LEC0BD8. 



some infamous offence ; persons in the military and naval United States service not 
to be deemed residents by virtue of being stationed therein." 

NORTH CAEOLINA. 

By the Constitution, as amended in 1835, all freemen twenty-one years of age, living 
twelve months in the State, and owning a freehold of fifty acres for six mouths, should 
vote, except that 

" No free negro, free mulatto, or free person of mixed blood, descended from negro 
ancestors to the fourth generation inclusive (though one ancestor of each generation 
may have been a white person), shall vote for members of the Senate or House of 
Commons." 

SOUTH CAROLINA, 

By her new Constitution of 1865, gives the right of voting to every person who has 
the following qualifications : He shall be a free white man, who has attained the age of 
twenty-one years, and is not a pauper, nor a non-commissioned officer or private soldier 
of the array, nor a seaman or a marine of the navy of the United States. He shall, for 
two years preceding the election, have been a citizen of the State, or, for the same 
period, an emigrant from Europe, who has declared his intention to become a citizen 
of the United States. He shall have resided in the State at least two years preceding 
the election, and for the last six months in the district. 

GEORGIA, 

By her new Constitution, adopted in 1865, declares that " the electors of the General 
Assembly shall be free white male citizens of the State, and shall have attained the age 
of twenty-one years, and shall have paid all taxes which may have been required of 
them, and which they have had an opportunity of paying agreeably to law, for the year 
preceding the election, shall be citizens of the United States ; and shall have resided 
six months either in the district or county, and two years within the State. 

KENTUCKY, 

By her Constitution, adopted in 1850, makes " every white male citizen, 'of the age of 
tweuty-one years," who has resided two years in the State, one year in the county, and 
sixty days in the precinct, a voter. 

TENNESSEE, 

By her former Constitution, adopted in 1834, gave the elective franchise to every free 
white man of the age of twenty-one ^^ears, being a citizen of the United States, and for 
six months a resident of the county ; provided, that all persons of color who are com- 
petent witnesses in a court of justice against a white man, may also vote. 

LOUISIANA, 

By the Constitution of 1852, gave the ballot to every free white male who has attained 
the age of twenty-one years, and has resided twelve months in the State, and six 
months in the parish. 

MISSISSIPPI 

INlakes every free white male person of twenty-one years of age, who shall be a citi- 
zen of the United States, Avho has resided one year in the State, and four months in 
the county, a qualified elector.— (OZcZ Constitution.) 

ALABAMA 

Is the same as Mississippi, with the substitution of three months' residence in the 

county.— -(0Z(^ Constitution.) 

FLORIDA 

Limits the suffrage to " every free white male person " of twenty-one years of age, a 
citizen of the United States, two years a resident of the State, aud six months of the 



STATISTICAL RECOEDS. 591 



county, duly enrolled in the militia, and duly registered ; provided, that no soldier or 
seaman quartered therein shall be deemed a resident, and the Legislature may exclude 
from voting, for crime. — (OW Constitution.) 

ARKANSAS 

Makes every free white male citizen of the United States, twenty-one years of age, 
who shall have resided six months in the State, a qualified voter in the district where 
he resides, except that no soldier, seaman, or marine in the United States' service can 
vote in th§ State. — (OZd Constitution.) 

TEXAS 

Gives the vote to "every free male person" who shall have attained the age of 
twenty-one years, a citizen of the United States, or of the Republic of Texas, one year 
a resident of the State, and six months of the county (Indians not taxed, Africans and 
the descendants of Africans excepted. — (^Old Constitution.) 



QUALIFICATIONS FOR GOVERNORS, SENATORS, AND REP- 
RESENTATIVES IN EACH STATE. 

[fkom the state constitutions.] 



MAINE. 

Governor. — A native citizen of the United States, five years a citizen of the State, 
and thirty years of age. Senators. — Five years a citizen of the United States, one year 
of the State, and twenty-five years of age. Representatives. — A citizen of the United 
States five years, an inhabitant of the State one year, and twenty-one years of age. 

NEW HAMPSHIRE. 

Governor. — A citizen of the United States seven years, an estate of £500 (one-half a 
freehold), and thirty years of age. ^'ewafors.— Residence in the State seven years, a 
freehold estate of £200, and thirty years of age. Representatives. — Two years an inhab- 
itant of the State, and an estate of £100 (one-half a freehold). 

VERMONT. 

Governor. — A citizen of the State four years. Senators. — A qualified voter, and 
thirty years of age. Representatives.^-VexsoMis most noted for wisdom and virtue, and 
who have resided in the State two years. 

MASSACHUSETTS. 

Governor, — A citizen of the State seven years, an estate of £1,000, and of the Christian 
religion. Senator s.^-'Eive years a citizen of the State, a freehold of £300, or ratable 
estate of £G00. Representatives.-~A citizen of the State one year, and a freehold of 
£100, or ratable estate of £200. 

RHODE ISLAND. 

Governors, Senators, and Representatives. — Their qualifications are not specified ia 
the State Constitution only to the extent that they must make oath to support the 
State and Federal Constitutions. 

CONNECTICUT. 

Governor.— A voter, and thirty years of age. Senators,— A qualified voter. Reprc* 
aentative, — A qualified voter. 



592 STATISTICAL EECOBDS. 



NEW YORK. 

Governor. — A citizen of the United States, five years a citizen of the State, a freeholder, 
and thirt}^ j^ears of age. Senators. — A qualified voter, and a freeholder. Bepresenta- 
lives. — No qualifications. 

NEW JEESEY. 

Governor. — A resident of the State. No Senate ; the duties performed by the Legis- 
lative Council, liepresentatives. — A citizen of the State one year, and real or personal 
estate of £500, proclamation money. 

PENNSYLVANIA. 

Governor, — A citizen of the State seven years, and thirty years of age. Senators. — 
A citizen of the State four years, and of the district vs^here chosen the last year, and 
tw£nty-five years of age. liepresentatives. — A citizen of the State three years, and for 
the last year a citizen of the city or county w^here chosen. 

DELAWARE. 

Governor. — A citizen of the United States twelve years, of the State the last six 
years, aad thirty years of age. Senators. — A citizen of the State three years, a free- 
hold of two hundred acres, or £1,000, and twenty-seven years of age. liepresentatives. 
— A citizen of the State three years, and twenty-four years of age. 

MARYLAND. 

Governor. — A resident of the State above five years, and thirty .yeary of age. Sen- 
ators. — A resident of the State three years, and twenty-five years of age. Bepresenta' 
lives. — Resident in the county where chosen one year, and twenty-one years of age. 

VIRGINIA. 

Governor. — A native citizen of the United States, citizen of the State five years, and 
thirty years of age ; ineligible for three years after the first term. Senators. — A resi- 
dent and freeholder in the district where chosen, and thirty years of age. Bepresenta- 
tives.—A resident and freeholder in the county where chosen, and twenty-five years 
of age. — (OW Constitution.) 

NORTH CAROLINA. 

Governor. — A resident in the State five years, freehold in the State of more than 
£1,000, and thirty years of age. Senators. — A citizen of the county where chosen one 
year, and three hundred acres of land. Bepresentatives. — A citizen of the county where 
chosen one year, one hundred acres of land in fee or for the term of his life. — (OW Con- 
stitution.) 

SOUTH CAROLINA. 

Governor, — A citizen of the State ten years, an estate of £1,500, sterling, clear of 
debt, and thirty years of age. Senators. — A citizen of the State five years, a resident 
of the district where chosen, and an estate of £300, sterling; or, not being a resident, 
an estate of £1,000, and thirty years of age. Bepresentatives. — A citizen of the State 
three years, a resident, and an estate of five hundred acres of land, ten negroes, or £150 
sterling in real estate; or, not being a resident, an estate of £500 sterling. — (0/d Con- 
stitution.) 

GEORGIA. 

Governor. — A citizen of the United States twelve years, and of the State six years, 
an estate of five hundred acres of land, and other property amounting to ^4,000 more 
than debts due, and thirty years of age. Senators. A citizen of the United States nine 
years, and of the State three years, a freehold of f 500, or taxable property of $!l,000 
more than debts due, all legal taxes paid, and twenty-five years of age. Bepresentatives. 
— A citizen of the United States seven years, and of the State three years, a freehold of 
|!250, or taxable property of $500 more than debts due, and all legal taxes paid. — (OW 
Constitution.) 

ALABAMA. 

Governor.— k native citizen of the United States, and a citizen of the State four 
years, thirty years of age, and ineligible for more than four successive years. Senators. 



STATISTICAL liECOBDS. 593 



— A citizen of the Uuited States, of the State two years, and of the district where 
choseu one year, and twenty-seven years of as:e. iitpresentatives. — A cicizou of the 
United States, of the State two years, and of the county where choseu one year, and 
tweuty-one years of age. — {^OUl ConstiliUion.) 

MISSISSIPPI. 

Governor. — A citizen of the Uuited States twenty years, and of the State fire years, 
a fi'eehold estate of §2.000, and thirty years of age : ineligible for more than four suc- 
cessive years. Senators. — A citizen of the Uuited States and of the State four years, 
the last year residing iu the district where choseu, and thirty years of age. lieprest'iUa- 
tires. — A citizen of the United States and of the State two years, the last year residing 

in the county where choseu, a freehold estate of §oOO, aud twenty-oue years of age 

{Old ConsUtution.) 

LOUISIANA. 

Governor. — A citizen of the United States and of the State six ye\rs, an estate of 
$5,000, aud thirty-tive years of age. Senators.— X citizen of the United States, of the 
State four years, and in the district where chosen one year, an estate of C'l-OOO, aud 
twenty-seven years of age. liepresentatives. — A citizen of the United States, of the 
State two years, and of the county where choseu one year, an estate iu laud of $500, 
aud tweuty-oue years of age. — {Old Constitution.) 

TENNESSEE. 

Governor.— A. citizen of the United States and of the State seven years, and thirty 
years of age. Senators. — A citizen of the United States, three years' residence in the 
State, and iu the county where chosen one year, and thirty years of age. liepresenta- 
tires. — A citizen of the Uuited States aud of the State three years, residence iu the 
county where choseu one yeai", aud tweuty-oue years of age. — {Old Constitution.) 

KENTUCKY. 

Governor. — A citizen of the United States and of the State sis years, tWrty-five years 
of age, and ineligible for more than one terra in seven years. Senators. — A citizen of 
the Uuited States, of the State six years, aud of the district where choseu the last year, 
aud thirty-tive years of age. liepresentatires. — A citizen of the United States, of the 
State two years, aud of the county where chosen the last year, aud twenty-four years 
of age. 

OHIO. 

Governor. — A citizen of the United States twelve years, an inhabitant of the State 
four years, and thirty-five yeai'S of age. Senators. — A citizen of the Uuited States, aud 
of the district where choseu two years, haviug paid aud State or county tax, and thirty 
years of ago. Eepresentatives. — A citizeu of the Uuited States, an iuhabitaut of the 
State, and a resident iu the county where choseu one year, having paid a State or county 
tax, and tweuty-live years of age. 

INDIANA. 

Governor. — A citizen of the United States ten years, aud of the State Ave years, and 
thirty years of age. Senators. — A citizen of the United States, of the State two years, 
aud of the district Avhere chosen the last year, having paid a State or county tax, and 
tweuty-tive years of age. liepresentatives. — A citizen of the United States, aud of the 
State and couniy where choseu one year, having paid a State or county tax, and twenty- 
one years of age. 

ILLINOIS. 

Governor.— .\ citizen of the United States thirty years, and of the State two years, 
thirty years of age, aud ineligible for two successive terms. Senators. — A citizen of 
the Uuited States, aud of the district where chosen the last year, having paid a State or 
county tax, and twenty-five years of age. Eepresentatives. — A citizen of the United 
States, and an iiiliabitaut of the State aud county where choseu, having paid a State or 
couuty tax, auil twenty-one years of age. 
38 



594 STATISTICAL BECOBDS. 



MISSOURI. 

Governor. — A native citizen of the United States, a resident of the State four years, 
and thirty-flve years of age. Senators. — A citizen of the United States, of the State 
four years, and of the district where chosen one year, liaviag paid a State or county 
tax, and thirty years of age. liepresentatives. — A citizen of the United States, of the 
State two j^ears, and of the county where cliosen one year, having paid a State or 
county tax, and twenty-four years of age. 

MICHIGAN. 

Governor. — A citizen of the United States five years, and a resident of the State the 
last two 3'ears. Senators. — A citizen of the United States, and a qualiHed voter in the 
county where chosen, liepresentatives. — Same as the Senators. 

ARKANSAS. 

Governor. — A native citizen of the United States, or a resident of the State ten years 
previous to the adoption of the Constitution, and four years preceding the election. 
Senators.— A citizen of the United States, a resident of the State one year, and thirty 
years of age. liepresentatives. — A citizen of the United States, a resident of tlie 
county where chosen, and twenty-five years of age. — (OW Constitution.) 

FLORIDA. 

Governor. — Must be thirty years of age, have been a citizen of the United States for 
ten years, or an inhabitant of Florida at the time of the adoption of tlie Constitution, 
and a resident of the State five years preceding the day of election. Senators. — A citi- 
zen of the United States, a resident of the State for two years, one year a resident of 
the district in which he resides, and must be twenty-five years of age. liepresenta- 
tives. — Must have attained the age of twenty-one years, and la other particulars quali- 
fied as are the Senators. — (OW Constitution.) 

TEXAS. 

Governor. — Must be thirty years of age, a citizen of the United States, and have 
been a resident of the State for three years preceding his election. Senators. — Must 
have attained tlie age of thirty years, be a citizen of the United States, a resident la 
the State for tliree years preceding his election, and one year in the district where he 
resides, liepresentatives. — Must be a citizen of the United States, have resided in the 
State two years, in his district one year, and have attained the age of twenty-one 
years. — {Old Constitution.) 

IOWA. 

Governor. — Must be thirty years of age, a citizen of the United States, and a resident 
of the State for two years. Senators.— linnt be twenty-five years of age, a citizen of 
the United States, a resident of the State for one year, and of the district where he 
resides at least sixty days. liepresentatives. — Must be twenty-one years of age, and in 
other respects possess the qualifications of Senators. 

WISCONSIN. 

Governor.— 'J^o person except a citizen of the United States, and a qualified elector 
of the State, shall be eligible to this office. Senators and Eepresentatives.—No person 
shall be eligible to the Legislature who shall not have resided in the State one year, 
and be a qualified elector in the district where he resides. 

CALIFORNIA. 

Governor. — Must be twenty-five years of age, a citizen of the United States, and a 
resident of the State for two years. Senators and liepjresentatives.— Mast be qualified 
electors, residents of the State one year, and of their districts six months. 

MINNESOTA. 

Governor.— llast be a citizen of the United States, twenty-five years of age, and a 
resident of the State for one year. Senators and liepresentativea.—Sh&U. be qualifietl 



STATISTICAL BECOBBS. 595 



voters of the State, and shall have resided one year in the State and six months in the 
district from vyhich they are elected. 

OREGON. 

Governor.— Mast, be a citizen of the United States, thirty years of age, and three 
years a resident of the State. Senators and Bepresentatives. — Must be twenty-one years 
of age, citizens of the United States, and residents of their several districts for one 
year preceding their election. 

KANSAS. 

Governor. — Must be thirty years of age, a citizen of the United States, and have 
resided two years in the State, Senators. — Must be twenty-flve years of age, a citizen 
of the United States, and a resident of the State for one year. Beiyresentatives. — Must 
be twenty-one years of age, and possess the other qualifications of Senators. 

WEST VIRGINIA. 

Governor. — His qualifications are not specified in the Constitution of the State, 
Senators and Bepresentatives. — Must have been residents of the district or county where 
chosen for one year next preceding the election. 

NEVADA. 

Governor. — Must be twenty -five years of age, and a citizen of the State two years. 
Senators and Bepresentatives. — Their qualifications are not specified in the Constitution 
of the State, excepting so far as being qualified electors. 

NEBRASKA. 

Governor, Senators and Bepresentatives. — Their qualifications are not specified in the 
State Constitution excepting so far as being citizens and qualified electors. 



CONCLUDING NOTE. 

In a work of this kind, containing so many thousand proper names, it is almost im- 
possible not to commit an occasional eri'or; and I earnestly request that those who 
many consult the volume, and can furnish me with corrections, will promptly do so, 
and thereby benefit the public and place me under obligations. Any additional facts 
will also be thankfully received. 

Address, 

CHARLES LANMAN, 
Georgetown, District of Columbia. 



INDEX. 



INDEX EY STATES 



NAMES OF SENATORS, REPRESENTATIVES, AND DELEGATES. 



A-lalyama. 

PAGE. 

Abercronibie, James D 

Alston, VVilliam J 15 

Ba^bv, Artliut- r !.>.'! 

Bnvlor, It. 10. li Si 

Belser, .lames K S5 

Bowdon, b'ninkliu W 4B 

Bra^^, .loliu 41) 

CbambiTs, lliniry 75 

Cliaptxaii, Keuben TO 

Clav.noiueut C' R! 

Clay, (Momont C, .Ir KS 

CloiinMis, .loromiah 85 

Cloi>ton, Diivlii 80 

Cobb, Williamson U. W 8S 

Cottfral, .1. L. T l>5 

Crabb, Cieorse W ft' 

Crowell, John 100 

Cuny.J. I,.M 101 

Dargan, Kihvard S 103 

Dell(>t, .lames 11-J 

l^owcU'll, .lames F 1-0 

Fit/pat rii'k, lU'njamin KW 

Oavlo, .lolin lol 

Harris, f^ampson W 175 

llilliiud, Henry W 18S 

Houston, (ieorjro S I'-'a 

lliiUbanl, Pavi'd lUS 

Itinv, Siimiu'l W 20.S 

King, William U 2~'S 

Lawler, .loab 2S0 

l.ewis, Dixon H 287 

l,von, Kraneis S 245 

Ulanlis, Samuel W 258 

Martin, .losluia L 200 

IHc('oni\oU, Kelix G 240 

JlcKinley, .lolm 252 

in oore, C i abriol 272 

Jloore, Sydenham E 27.'5 

]Murpliv,'.lohu 282 

Owen, t! eorse W 202 

ravne. Winter W 207 

rhilhps, IMiilip eO:* 

Pickens, Israel (see North Carolinn) ;>04 

Pugh, .lames L 314 

Shields, Itenjamin G .'543 

Shorter, Kli S »45 

Smith, William U 834 

Stall worth, .lames A 830 

AValker, .lohn W .">08 

Walker, rerov 800 

White, Alexander 411 

Yttucey, William L 428 

Arkansas. 

Ashley, Chester 21 

Bates, .lames W 31 

Borland, Solon 44 

Conwav, Henry W 02 

Cross, Ivlward 100 

Fulton, William S 148 

Greenwood, A. H 101 

Ilindman, 'riionias C 188 

.loluison, IJobert W 212 

Miteliell, Charles I! 270 

Newton. Thonms W 285 

Kust, A Ibert .S;i:l 

Scbast ian, W. K 8:i8 

Sevier, Ambrose II 340 

Wiirreu, Kdward A 403 

Yell, ArohibiUa 420 



Oallfoi'nla. 

Axtell, Samuel B 23 

Bid well, .lohn 8S 

Mroderiek, David C 52 

Bireh, .lohn C'hilton tiO 

Cole, Cornelius 8!) 

Connes, .lohn... ., 02 

Denver, .James \Y H.{ 

Fremont, .1 ohn Charles 140 

Gilbert, Kdward 133 

Gwin, William M 105 

Hann, U. V 178 

Herbert, Chilip T 180 

llipby, William, 180 

.loiinson, .lames A 210 

l.atlunn, iMilton S 2211 

l,ow, iMederiek F XH.S 

HI arshall, Kdward C 230 

Jleforkle, .loseph W 240 

MoDougall, .lames A 2.^0 

HloKibbiu, .loseph C 252 

Meltuer, Donald C 255 

riielps, IHmothy G 80o 

Sai-,i;ent, Aaron A. 835 

SeoVl, Charles L S;!7 

Shannon, Thomas 15 342 

>VeJler, .1 ohn 15. (see Ohio) 408 

Wright, George II 420 

Connootloxit. 

Adams, Andrew 9 

A lien, .1 ohn 13 

Arnold, Samuel 20 

Bald w in, .1 ohn 25 

Baldwin, Koger Sherman 20 

Baldwin, Simeon 20 

Barber, Noyes 27 

liarnnin, William H 28 

Ueli'lu'i-, ISalhan 34 

V.etl!-. riiaiUlens S7 

Bishop, William D 40 

Boarduuiu, i'.li.iah 43 

Boardman, William W 43 

liooth, Walter 44 

Braee, .limathan 48 

Brandegee, Augustus 60 

Uroekw'ay, John 11 62 

Uundiani, Alfred A t>2 

r.n rro ws. I >aniel 03 

Butler, Tlunnas 1$ (H 

Catlin, (ieorge S 74 

Champion, ICpauhrodltus 73 

Chapman, Charles 70 

Clark, K/ra, Jr 81 

Cleveland, Chauneey F 85 

Coit, .loshua 80 

Cooke, .loseph T 9^ 

Daui^ett, David 103 

Dana, Sanuiel W 103 

Davenport, .lames 100 

Daveni)ort, .lohn 107 

Dean, Sidney m 

Deane, Silas HI 

Deming, Henry C 118 

Dixon,. lames 117 

Over, Kllphalet 123 

Dwight, Theodore 123 

Kdniond, W illinm 125 

Kdwards, Henry W 12<» 

Kd wards, I'ierpont 120 

Ellswoilh, Oliver 128 



600 



INDEX. 



Ellsworth, William VT 129 

English, James E l.iO 

Kurry, Orris S i:?G 

Foot, Samuel 141 

Foster, J^aFayette S H.'J 

Fowler, Orin 144 

(Jilbert, Sylvester, Wi 

Gillette, Francis 154 

Goddard, Calvin 155 

Goodrich, (^hauncey 157 

Goodrich, Elizur 157 

Gris vrold, Roger 1()3 

Haley, Elislia 100 

Hillliouse, James 187 

Willhouse, William 188 

Holmes, Uriel 192 

Holt, Orrin W2 

Holten, .Samuel 192 

Hosnier, Titus 1!)4 

Hotciikiss, Julius 1U5 

Hubbard, John U 198 

Hubbard, II. D 198 

Hubbard, Samuel Dickinson 198 

Huntington, JJenjamin 202 

Huntington, Ebenezer 202 

Huntington, Jabez W 202 

Huntington, Samuel 202 

IngersoU, CoUen M 20:{ 

Ingcr.soll, Kalph J 204 

Ingtiam, Samuel 204 

Jackson, Ebenezer, Jr 200 

Jolmson, Williams .' 212 

Judson, Andre v»f T 215 

Lanman, James 228 

Law, I>yman 2:J0 

Law, J{ichard 2'!0 

Learned, Araasa 2:i3 

Loomis, I>wigbt 242 

Mervin, Orange 2(i(i 

Miner, I'hineas 270 

Mitchell, Stephen M 271 

Kiles, J ol) n M 280 

Osborne, Thomas U 291 

Perkins, Klias :!00 

Phelps, Elislia ;!02 

I'h^lps, I^aunceiot liOJ 

Pitkin, 'I'imothy :J07 

Plant, David ;i07 

Pratt, J aracs T 812 

Koekwell, John A 327 

koot, Jesse ;J29 

Kuss, John :i:)2 

Seymour, Origen S ;!41 

Seymour, Thomas H... 341 

Sherman, Itoger 344 

Sherwood, Samuel ii 245 

Simons, Samuel 347 

Sraitli, Job n < Jotton 352 

Smi( h Nallian , 352 

Smith, Naduiniel 352 

Smith, Perry 353 

Smitli, Truman 354 

Spencer,. I oseph 358 

Starkweather, II. H 300 

Sterling, A iisel 3i)2 

Stevens, .lames 303 

Stewart, Jolin .304 

Stoddard, Ebenezer 30(5 

Storrs, William L 307 

Sturgis, Jonatban 370 

Sturgis, f.cwis i;urr 370 

Strong, Jedediah 308 

S wilt, /•■phiiiiijili 372 

'I'nllmadge, liciijamin 373 

'J'erry , N athaniel .377 

'lomlinson, (jideon 3.-'3 

1'oucey, Isaac .384 

Tracy, IJiiah 3'-5 

Trea'dwell, .)ohn .385 

TruBdjull, Jonathan 387 

Trumbull, .los.ph .387 

Trumbull, Josejili ,387 

Tweedy, Samuel 389 

Wadsworih, James 390 

Wadsworth, J eremiah 397 

AValdo, Loiin 1' 398 

Warner, Samuel L 402 

Welch, VVilliam W 407 

Whitman, Lemuel 412 

Whittlesey, Th.-mas T 413 

Wildman, Zalmon 414 

Willey, Cuhin 41,5 

Williams, Thomas Scott 41? 



Williams, Thomas W 417 

Williiims, William 417 

Wolcott, Oliver 423 

Woodruir, George C 4'.'i 

Woodrulf, John 4:^4 

Young, Ebenezer 429 

Basset, Richard .30 

Bates, Martin W 31 

Bayard, James A 31 

Bayard, James A 31 

Bayard, Richard H 31 

Bedford, Gunning 3.3 

Broome, James M 64 

Clayton, John M S4 

Clayton, Joshua jiS 

Claytoji, Thomas 85 

Comegys, Joseph P , 91 

Cooper, Thomas 04 

Cullen, Elisha D 101 

Dickinson, John 115 

Evans, Jobn 131 

Fisher, (ieorge P ; 1.38 

Hall, AVillard 107 

Hor.sey, Outerbridge 104 

Houston, John W 19.5 

Johns, Keusey 209 

Kearney, Dyre 2HJ 

Lattiiner, Henry 2>'J 

McComb, Eleazer 24!) 

McKean, Thomas 252 

JI illigan, .John J 209 

Mitcbell, Nathaniel 271 

JSfaudain, Arnold 283 

Mcliolson, J olin A 280 

PatLon, John 297 

Peery, William 298 

Bend, George 318 

Kiddle, George Read 32;i 

Ridgeley, Henry M 323 

]{obiuson, Thomas 327 

Rodney, Ca;sar 328 

Rodney, Cajsar A 328 

Rodney, Daniel, 328 

Rodney, George B .328 

Rodney, Thomas .328 

Saulsbury, AVillard 335 

Sinithers, Nathaniel B .355 

Spruance, Persley .350 

Sykes, James .372 

Temple, William 370 

Tilton, .James 382 

Van Dyke, Nicholas 39^ 

Van Dyke, Nicholas 302 

Vining, John 390 

Wales, John 398 

Wells, William II 408 

Wharton, Samuel 409 

AVhite, Samuel 412 

Whiteley, William G 412 

TPlov'itla,. 

Brockonhrough, William II 52 

(;nb<-]l, i;dward 05 

(all, lucliai-d K 07 

J>owning, Charles 120 

Hawkins, George S 179 

Hernandez, Joseph M .. 184 

Mallory, Stephen R 250 

Maxwell, A ugustus E 203 

Alorton, Jackson 279 

V/escott, Janujs D 409 

White, .Joseph M 412 

Yulee, David L 430 

Georgia. 

Abbott, Joel ; 9 

Altbrd, Julius (; 12 

Bailey, David J 24 

P.uldwin, Abraham 25 

Barnett, William 28 

lieriien, .John MoP 30 

Bibb, William W 37 

Black, Edward J 40 

Bi-ownson, Nathan 57 

Bryan, Jose])h 50 

Bullock, Archibald 00 

Bulloch, VVilliam B 70 

Carey, George 70 



JXDFX. 



601 



•Oarnes. Thomas P 70 

i'!iappen, A. 11 rr 

C'ailton, Robert M 77 

Clia-itain, l-Mward W 78 

Cl!iy,.loseph iSi 

Clin ro!>, Ansrustlu S 8t 

Ck'volaud, .r. F f^o 

Cliiioh Punoan L ti'5 

Cobb, IIowoll t*7 

Cobb, Howell >^7 

Cobb, Tliomas W i*S 

ColR', .lolin t^y 

CoUniitt, Alfred II <.'0 

Colqniit. W.T '.'(■> 

(ook,Zadook !':i 

Copocr, Mark A VI 

Crawford, (Jeorge W VS 

Crawford, Joel '.'8 

Crawford, Martin J ii^ 

Crawford, William H <»S 

Cnt'ibbet, Alfred lOU 

Ciitlibert. .lohn A 103 

Da wson, William C 110 

Dent, William H. W 113 

Karlv, Peter I'-^-i 

Elliot, Jobn I'-'S 

Few, AVilliam 137 

Floyd, John 140 

Forsyth, John li'i 

Forti Tondinson 14',' 

Foster, Jsatbaniel G HI 

Foster, Tbonias F HI 

Gamble, Koger L It'.) 

Gartrell, hncins .f 150 

Gibbons, William 15'^ 

Gilmer, George U 154 

Ghiscoek, Thomas 155 

(.irantland, 8t'aton 15'J 

Gnnn, ,) ames I'H 

Gwinnett, liutton 10 > 

Habersham, .loseph Iti5 

Haberslnun, 1-tichard W 105 

llavkett, Thomas C Kvi 

Hall, Boiling 100 

Hall, Lynum 107 

Hammond, Samuel 170 

Haralson, llngli A IT'i 

Hardeman, Thomas, Jr 17,' 

Ha'-nes, Charles E 180 

Hill, Joshua 187 

Hillyer, Junius 188 

Houston, John I'Jo 

Houston, \Villiam 100 

Holsey, Hopkins W'i 

Howley, Uieliard 1'.'7 

Jversoii, Alfred ~05 

Jackson, Jabez 300 

J ackson, J ames "O'i 

Jaekson, .lames L'OO 

J aeksoii, .loseph W 200 

.lohnson, llerschcll V "lO 

Johnson, .lames "10 

Jones, (Jeorge -13 

Jones, .lames ~1'5 

Jones, .lohn .) ~M 

.Innes, .lolni \Y 21-1 

J ones, A ol>!e Wimberly 211 

Joiuvi, Seaborn 21-4 

King, Joiin I' 222 

King, T. Hitler 223 

Lamar, Henry (J 227 

Lnngwort liy, ICdward 228 

I.ovo, Peter K 213 

Ijumpkin, .lohn U 2-H 

Lumpkin, Wilson 214 

31atliews, George 202 

Sload, Cowles 2(U 

Meriwether, David 2ljij 

Jieriwether, [. A 200 

M eri wet her, J amos 20(1 

Jlilledge, .lohn 2(VS 

Jlillen, John 208 

Blurphy, Charles 282 

Newman, 1 >auiel 285 

Nisbet, 10. A 280 

Owen, Allen F 202 

Owens, (ieorge W 202 

Pierce, W 30.5 

Prince, Oliver II 312 

Pveese, Da^ id A 320 

Keid, Robert U 320 

Sclidy, Wmium 33(5 



Seward, .Tames L :\'l 

Smelt, Dennis .Ml) 

Si>auhling, Thomas ";",:; 

Stephens, A loxander II 3t:4 

Stiies, William H 3fl 

Tait, (.'harles "r2 

Taliaferro, l?enjanun '^7 '. 

Tat iiall, Kdward F ::7 1 

Tatnall, Josiaii ."74 

Teltair, Kdward 370 

Telfair, Thomas ■;.■,■> 

Terri:l, AVilliam 377 

Thompson, Wiley "k-^I 

Toombs, Kobert - 3v4 

Towns, George \V ''.84 

Trippe, I'obert P 3.'-iS 

Troup, George M o^"") 

Underwood, .lohn \\ . U , 3S<.» 

A\'alker, Freeman .">!'.S 

AValker, John 3<.\s 

■\)'alton, Cieorge 4;U 

AVare. Nicholas 402 

AVarner, Hiram 402 

AVarren, Lott 40 $ 

AVayne, Anthony 4(^'') 

AA'a'vne, .lames M 4"5 

AVeilborn. M.J 4os 

AVilde, Kiciiard Henry 414 

AVillis, Francis 418 

AA'ood, .loseph 42! 

AA' right, Augustus R 420 

Zubiy, J ohn J oachini 4 JO 

Illinois. 

Allen, James C 13 

Allen, AVilliam.T H 

Allen, Willis 14 

Arnold, Isaac X SO 

Baker, David J 24 

]5aker, Kdward D 24 

Baker, Jehu 2.'$ 

r.issell, \V illiam H 4*) 

Bond, Shadrnck 44 

Breese, Sidney 51 

Bromwell, Heury P. II 5'5 

Brown iiisr. <.>rvilie It o? 

I nrr, A li>ert G ; 

Campbell, Thompson 00 

Cftsey , Zadoc 72 

Cook, Burton C S>3 

Cook, Daniel P 5>". 

Cnllom, Shelbey .M 101 

Douglas, Stephen A 119 

Duncan, J oseph 122 

Fdei»,,lohn K 125 

Edwards, >,' inian 12ii 

I'lwiug, William L. D 135 

Farnsworth,,lohn F 1 :4 

Ficklin, Orhuuio B 137 

Fouke, I'hilip K 144 

Itardin, John J 172 

Harding, Abuer C 172 

Harris, Charles .Af 174 

Harris, Thomas 1 J , Vt 

HoJsres, Charles D 180 

Hoge, Joseph P IDO 

lugersoU, Kbon C 205 

.)ud:l, Norman l> 2n • 

Kane, lOlias Iv 2! 5 

Kellogg, Willia;u 217 

Knapp, A nthony L 224 

Knox, James . ." 22'> 

Kuykendall, A ndrew .) 22i» 

Lincoln, Abraham 2'!7 

Loga n , .t oh n A 2-J I 

Lovejoy , Owen 24 I 

JIarsliilll, Sanuiel S 250 

May. William L. 201 

Mc('iernard, .John A 24S 

McLean, John 25 5 

McHoberts, Samuel 25.^ 

Moloney, Bicluird S 271 

Morris,' Isaac N 277 

Morrison, J. L. D 2.-S 

Blorrison, William tl 27S 

Moulton, Simniel W t.80 

Norton, Jesse V 288 

I'ope, Nathaniel 3(K> 

Uaum, Green 15 818 

Uevnolds, .J i>bn 321 

Kiijhardson, William A 323 



C02 



INDEX. 



Robinson. James C 326 

liobinson, J ohn 31 327 

R'iSs, Lfwis W 350 

Semple, James 339 

•Shaw, Aaron 342 

8hif Id^, James 343 

.Smith, Robert 353 

Stephenson, Benjamin 362 

Stewart, John T 370 

Thomas, Jesse li. (see Indiana) 379 

Thornton, Anthony 381 

TrumbuJl, JLyman 3S7 

Turner, Thomas J 388 

AVashbume, Elihu B 404 

Wentworth, John 408 

Wood worth, James H 42-5 

"y ates, Itichard 428 

Young, Itichard M 429 

Young, Timothy It 429 

Ind.iaTia<. 

Albertson, Xathaniel 11 

Barbour. Lncien 27 

Blake, Thornaa H 42 

Boon, iiatii»r 44 

Brenton, Samuel 51 

Bright, Jesse I) 62 

Brown, William J 56 

Call, Jacob 67 

Carr, John 71 

Case, Charles 72 

Cathcart, Charles W 74 

Chamberlain, Ebenezer M 74 

<'oburn, John iA 

Colfax, Schuyler 'JO 

(;ravens, James A 'J8 

Cravens, James H 98 

Cumback, William 101 

Davis, John G 108 

Davis, John W 108 

Defrees, Joseph H 112 

Dumont, fcbenezer 121 

Dunham, Cyrus L. 122 

Dunn, George G 122 

Dunn, George H 122 

Dunn, William McKee 122 

Kddy , Norman l:i4 

Kdgtrton. Joseph Ketcham 125 

Kmbree, Elisha 130 

Knglish, William U 130 

Ewing, Jolin 133 

Farquliar, John H ; i:i4 

Pitch, G.N 139 

Foley, James B HI 

Gorman, \Villis A 158 

Graham, William 158 

Gregg, .James 31 161 

Hauna, ilobcrt 171 

Haiinegari, Edward A 171 

Jlarlan, Andrew .J 173 

Jlanirigion. Jleniy W 374 

Hendricks, Thomas A 183 

Hendricks, ^^'illiam 183 

Henly, 'Jhornas .J 183 

Herod, William 184 

Hill, liaiph 187 

Hollowav, l>avid P 191 

Holmari, William S 191 

Howard, Tilghman A 196 

Hughes, James 199 

Hunter, Morton C 201 

Jennings, Jonathan 209 

Julian, (jleorge W 215 

Kenned V, Andrew 218 

Kerr, ilichax-l C 220 

Kilgore, David 221 

Kjnuaid, George L 223 

Lane, A mos 227 

T.«ne, Henry S 227 

Lane, James H 227 

Law, John 2.30 

Jvockhart, .James .... 241 

Mace, Daniel 246 

McCartV; Jonathan 248 

McDonald, Joseph E 250 

JlcDowell, James Foster 250 

McGaughev, Edward W 250 

Miller. Smith 269 

3Iitchell, Willijrn 271 

M orton, Oliver J' 279 

Mblack, WilliamE 285 



Noble, James 287 

Orth, Godlove S 291 

Owen, Robert Dale 292 

Farke, Benjamin 294 

Parker, Samuel W 21'5 

Pettit, John .301 

Pettit, John U 301 

Porter, Albert G 309 

Prince, WUliam 313 

Proffit, George H 313 

Kariden, James 318 

Robinson, John L 326 

Kockhill, William 327 

Sample, Samuel C 334 

Swjtt, iian ey D .337 

.Shanks, John P. C -342 

Slade, Charies :348 

Smith, Caleb B 350 

Smith, Oliver Hampton .353 

Smith, Thomas \ 353 

Snyder, Adam W 3-55 

Stil weU, Thomas N .305 

Tavlor, Waller .376 

Test, John .377 

Thomas, Jesse B., (see Illinois) 379 

Thompson, Richard W .380 

Tipton, John 383 

Turpie, D 388 

Voorhees, Daniel W .396 

Wallace, David 400 

Washburn, Henry D 403 

White,AlbertS 410 

AVhitcomb, James 410 

Wick, William W 413 

Williams, William 418 

Wilson, James 419 

Wright, Joseph A 427 

Allison, William B 14 

Chapman, William W 76 

Clark, Lincoln 81 

Cook, John F 93 

Curtis, Samuel R VrS 

Davis, '1 imothy 107 

Dodge, Augustus C 118 

Dodge, Grenville M 118 

Grimes, James W 162 

Grinnell, Josiah B 162 

H all, A uguKtus 166 

Harlan, James 173 

Hastings, Samuel Clinton, 178 

Henn, Bernhart 183 

Hubbard, A sahel W 197 

Jones, George W. (see Jlichigan) 213 

Kasson, John A 216 

Kirk wood, Samuel J 224 

Leifler, Shepherd 2;j5 

Loughridge, William 242 

Sliller, Daniel F 268 

Price, H irarn 313 

Thompson, William 381 

Thorington, James 381 

Vandever, W'illiara 392 

Wilson, James F 420 

KLa.nsa/8!. 

Clarke, Sidney 82 

Conway, Martin F 92 

Lane, .James H 227 

Parrott, Marcus .J 296 

I'omero v, Samuel C 309 

Bfjss, eIG 329 

Whitelieid, J. W 412 

Kentuclcy. 

Adair, John 9 

Adams, George M 10 

Adams, Green 10 

Allen, Chilton 12 

A nderson, J>ucien 16 

Anderson, Richard C, Jr., 16 

Anderson, Simeon H 16 

Anderson, William C 17 

Andrews, LandallW 17 

Barry, William T 29 

Beatty, Martin 33 

Beck, James B 34 

Bedinger, George M 33 



INDEX. 



6o: 



Bell, Joshua F 34 

Bibb, George M 37 

Bledsoe, Jesse 42 

Boyd, Linn 47 

Boyle, John 4S 

Bieck, Daniel 50 

Breckinridge, James D 50 

Breckinridge, John 60 

Breckinridge, John 60 

Bristow, Francis 31 53 

Brown, Jolm 66 

Brown, John Young 60 

Brown, William 56 

Bnckuer, Avlctt 59 

Buckner, Richard A 69 

Bullock, Winglield 60 

Burnett, Henry C 62 

Butler, William 65 

Caldwell, George A 66 

Calhoun, John CO 

Campbell, John 69 

Campbell, John r 69 

Casey, Samuel L 72 

Chambers, J ohn 75 

Chilton, Thomas 79 

Chrisman, James S 79 

Christie, Henrv 79 

Clark, L.Beverly S2 

Clark, James 81 

Clay, Brutus J S3 

Clay, Henry S3 

Clay, James B 84 

Coleman, Nicholas D 00 

Cox, Leander 31 90 

Crittenden, Jolm J 99 

Daniel, Henry 105 

Davis, Amos 107 

Davis, Garret 107 

Davis, Thomas T 109 

Desha, Joseph 114 

Dixon, Archibald 117 

Duncan, Garnett 122 

Dunlap, Georse W 122 

Duval, William F 123 

Edwards, J ohn 126 

Elliott, John M 12S 

Ewing, Fresley 133 

Fletcher, Thomas 140 

Fowler, John 144 

French, Kichavd 147 

Gaines, John P 148 

Gaither, Kathau 14S 

Golladay, Jacob S. S 156 

Graves, "William J 159 

Green, Willis 160 

Greenup, Christopher 160 

Grey, Benjamin E 161 

G rider, Henry 101 

Grover, A sa P 103 

Guthrie, James 164 

Hardin, Benjamin 172 

Hardin, Martin D 172 

Harding, Aaron 172 

Harlan, James 173 

Hawes, Albert C 179 

Hawes. Kichard 179 

Hawkins, Joseph W 179 

Henrv, John K 183 

Hcnr'v, Uobert P 184 

Hill, Clement S ISO 

Hise, Klijah ISS 

Hopkias, Saiiiiu'l 193 

Howard, l>u\ijan\in 190 

Jackson, Janu's S 200 

Jewett, Joshua H 209 

Johnson, Francis 210 

Johnson, James 210 

Johnson, James L 2U 

Johnson, John T 211 

Johnson, Kichard M 211 

Jones, Thomas Laurens 214 

ICincaid, John 221 

Knott, J. Proctor 225 

Lecompte, Joseph 2.33 

Letcher, Kobert P 237 

Logan, William 241 

Love, James 243 

Lvon, Chittenden 240 

Lyon, JIatthew (see Vermont) 240 

M'allorv, Hobert 250 

Marshall, Alexander K 258 

Marshall, Humphrey 259 



Marshall, Humphrey 259 

Slarshall, Thomas A 259 

Marshall, Ihomas F 2t)0 

Martin, John P 260 

Mason, John C 202 

McCreary, Thon)as C 249 

McDowell, Joseph 1 250 

McHadden, Robert 250 

McHeury, John H 251 

McKee, Samuel 252 

JIcKee, Samuel 252 

IMcLean, Aluey 253 

McLean, Finis" E 253 

M enifee, Richard H 2('>o 

IMenzies, John W 265 

Meriwether, David 206 

Metcalf, Thomas 206 

Montgomery, Thomas 2r,J 

iMoore, Laban T 273 

Moore, Thomas P 273 

IMoorehead, Charles S 274 

Moorehead, James T 274 

Murray, J ohu L 2^2 

New, Anthony 284 

Ormsbv, Stephen 290 

Orr, Alexander D 201 

Owslev, Brvan Y 203 

Peyton, Samuel 302 

Pope, J ohn 309 

Pope, Patrick H .S09 

Powell, Lazarus W 311 

Preston, William 312 

Quarles, l\install 315 

Kandall, William H 310 

Kitter, Burwell O S24 

Robertson, George 326 

Rousseau, Lovell H 330 

Rowan, J ohu 331 

RuuK-Joy, F.dward S^U 

Sant'ord, Thomas 334 

Sharp, Solomon P 342 

Shauklin, George S 341 

Simms, William E 347 

Smith, Green Clav 350 

Smith, J ohn Speed 352 

Sout hgate, Willinm W 356 

Speed, Thomas 357 ^ 

Sprigff, James C 859 

Stanton, Richard H 360 

Stevenson, John W 3(5;} 

Stoue,James 306 

Stone, James W 366 

Swoope, Samuel F 372 

Talbott, Albert G 373 

Talbot, Isbani 373 

■laul, Micah 374 

Thomasson, William P 379 

Thompson, John B 3m) 

Thompson, Philip 380 

Thurston, Buckner 381 

Thurston John B 382 

Tibbatts, John W 382 

Tomjikins, Christopher 383 

Trimble, David 380 

Trimble, Lawrence S :>86 

Triplett, Philip 380 

Trunibo, Andrew 387 

Underwood, .loseph R S'.'O 

Underwood, Warner L 300 

Wadsworth, William H 307 

AValker, David 30S 

Walker, George 308 

Walton, JIatthew 401 

Wa rd , A . H 401 

Ward, WilliamT 402 

White, Addison 410 

White, David 411 

AVhite, John 411 

Wicklilt'e, Charles A •• 413 

Williams, Sherrod 417 

Woodson, Samuel H 425 

Y'aney, J oel 42S 

Y'eaman, G eorge H 429 

Y'oung, Bryan U 429 

Young, John D. . . . * 42'.> 

Young, William S 430 

XjOiiislnna. 

Barrow, Alexander 29 

Benjamin, Judah P 35 

Bossier, Peter E 45 



G04 



IND EX. 



Eouligney, Dominique 45 

Bouiigney, John Edniond 45 

lirenc, William L 51 

Brown, J ames 55 

Billiard, Henry Adams 59 

Butler, Thomas 64 

Chinn, Thomas W 79 

Claiborne, William C. C. (see Tennessee) 80 

Clarice, Daniel 81 

Conrad, Charles M 92 

Davidson, Thomas G 107 

Davis, Samuel B 108 

Dawson, John B 110 

Destrihan, John Noel 114 

Downs, yolomon W 120 

Dunbar, William 121 

Eustis, George, Jr 131 

Flanders, Benjamin F 140 

Fronientin, Eligius 147 

Garland, Kice 150 

Gayarre, Charles E. A 151 

Gurley.Henry H 164 

Hahu, Michael 165 

Harinanson, John H 173 

Hunt, Theodore G 201 

Johnson, Henry 210 

Johnston, Josiah S 212 

Jones, Kolaud 214 

Kelly, William 218 

Labranch, Alcea 226 

LaiKlrum, John M 227 

Landry, J. Aristide 227 

La Sere, Emile 229 

Magruder, Allan B 255 

Moore, John 273 

Morse, Isaac Edwards 279 

Mouton, Alexander 280 

Nicholas, R. C 285 

Overton, Walter H 292 

Penn, Alexander G 299 

I'erkins, John, Jr 300 

Porter, Alexander 309 

I'osey, Thomas 310 

Poydras, Julian 311 

liipley, Eleazar W 324 

Robertson Thomas B 326 

Sandidge, JohnM 334 

felidell, John 348 

Smith, J ohn B 352 

Soule , Pierre 355 

St. Martin, Louis 365 

Taylor, Miles 376 

Thibodeaux, B. G 378 

Thomas, Pliilemon 379 

Waggamann, George A 397 

White, Edward D 411 

]Maine. 

Abbott, Nehemiali 9 

Allen, Elisha H 14 

Anderson, Hugh H 16 

Anderson, Joiia 16 

Andrews, Charles 17 

Appleton, John IS 

Bailey, Jeremiah 24 

Bates, J ames 31 

Belcher, Hiram , . . 34 

Benson, Samuel P 36 

Blaine, James G 41 

Bradbury, J ames W 48 

Bronson, David 53 

Burleigh, William 01 

Butman, Samuel 65 

Carter, Timothy J 72 

Cary , Sliepard 72 

Chandler, John 75 

Cilley, Jonathan 80 

Clapp, Asa W. H 80 

Clark, Franklin 81 

Clifford, iS'athan 85 

Coburn, Stephen 88 

Cusliman, Josliua (see Massachusetts) 102 

Dana, Judah 105 

Dane, Joseph 105 

Davee, Thomas 100 

Dunlap, Robert P 122 

Evans, George 131 

Fairfield, John 133 

Farley, E. Wilder 133 

Farwell, Nathan A 134 

Fessenden, Samuel C 136 



Fessenden, T. A.D 136 

Fessenden, William Pitt 136 

Foster, Stephen C 144 

French, Ezra B 147 

Fuller, Tliomas J. D 147 

Gerry, Elbridge 152 

Gilman, Charles J 154 

Goodenow, Robert 156 

Goodenow, Rufus K 156 

Goodwin, John N. (see Arizona Territory) 157 

Hall, Joseph 167 

Hamlin, Hannibal 169 

Hammons, Davj.d 170 

H arris, Mark 175 

Herrick, Ebenezer 185 

Herrick, Joshua 185 

Hill, Mark L. (see Massachusetts) 187 

Holland, Cornelius 191 

Holmes, John 192 

Jarvis, Leonard 207 

Kavanagh, Edward 216 

Kidder, David 220 

Knowlton, Ebenezer 225 

Littlefield, Nathaniel S 239 

Longfellow, Stephen 242 

Lowell, Joshua A 244 

Lynch, John 245 

Marshall, Alfred 259 

Mason, Moses 262 

Mayall, Samuel 264 

McCrate, John D 249 

McDonald, Moses 246 

Mclntire, Rufus 251 

Moore, Wymau B. S 272 

Morrill, Anson P 276 

Morrill, Lot M 276 

Morse, Freeman H 278 

Nourse, Amos 288 

Noyes, Joseph C 288 

O'brien, Jeremiah 289 

Otis, John 292 

Parker, Isaac 295 

Parks, Gorham •. 296 

Paris, Albion K 296 

Parris, Virgil D 296 

Perham, Sidney 300 

Perry, J ohn J 300 

Peters, JohnA 301 

Pike, Frederick A 305 

Randall, Benjamin 316 

Reed, Isaac 319 

Rice, John H 322 

Ripley, James W 324 

Robinson, Edward 326 

Ruggles, John 331 

Sawtelle, CuUen , 335 

Scammon, J ohn F 336 

Severance, Luther 340 

Shepley, Ether 344 

Smart, Ephraim K 349 

Smith, Albert 349 

Smith, F.O.J .350 

Somes, Daniel E 355 

Sprague, Peleg .358 

Stetson, Charles .364 

Svv'eat, Lorenzo D. M 371 

Walton, Charles W 400 

Washburn, Israel, Jr 403 

White, Benjamin 411 

W^hitman, Ezekiel (see Massachusetts) 413 

Wiley, James S 414 

Williams, Hezekiah 415 

Williams, Reuel 417 

Willamson, William D 418 

Wingate, Joseph F 421 

Wood, JohnM 423 

Mlaryland.. 

Alexander, Robert 12 

Archer, John 18 

Archer, Stevenson 18 

Arclier, Stevenson 18 

Baer, George 24 

Barney, John 28 

Bay ley, Thomas 32 

Bowie, Richard I ,. 46 

Bowie, Thomas F 46 

Bowie, Walter 47 

Breugle, Francis 51 

Brown, Elias 55 

Brown, John 56 



INDEX. 



605 



Calvert, Charles B 67 

Campbell, Joiiu 08 

Carmicliael, Kicliard B 70 

Carmicliael, William 70 

Carroll, Charles, of (JarroUton 71 

Carroll, Daniel 71 

Carroll, James 71 

Causin, J ohu M. S 74 

Chambers, Ezekiel F 75 

Chapman, John G 76 

Chase, Jeremiah T 77 

Chase, Samuel 77 

Christie, Gabriel 79 

Constable, Albert 92 

Contee, Benjamin 92 

Cotman, Joseph S 95 

Covington, Leonard 95 

Crabb, Jeremiah 96 

Craik, William 97 

Cresswell, John A.J 97 

Crislield, John W 99 

Culbreth, Thomas 100 

Davis, H. Winter 107 

Dennis, John 113 

Dennis, Littleton P 113 

Dent, George 113 

Dorsey, Clement 119 

Duvali, Gabriel 123 

Edwards, Benjamin 125 

Evans, Alexander 131 

Forbes, James 142 

Forrest, Uriah 142 

Fi-anklin, John R 145 

Gale, George 143 

Gale, Levin 148 

Giles, William E 153 

Goldsborough, Charles W 156 

Goldsborough, Kobert 156 

Hall John 167 

Hamilton, William T 169 

Hammond, Edward 170 

Hanson, Alexander Contee. 171 

Hanson, John 172 

Harper, Robert G 174 

Harris, Benjamin G 174 

Harris, J. Morrison 175 

Harrison, William 173 

Heath, James V 181 

Hemsley, William 182 

Hem-y, John 183 

Herbert, John C 184 

HeyvFard, WlUinm, Jr 185 

Hicks, Thomas H 186 

Hillen iSolomon, Jr 187 

Hindman, William 188 

Hoflman, Henry W ISO 

Howard, Benjamin C 19(> 

Howard, John Ea^er 196 

Hughes, George W 199 

Jennifer, Daniel 208 

Jennifer, D., of St. Thomas 208 

Johnson, Reverdy 211 

Johnson, Thomas 212 

Johnson, Wil liam Cost 212 

Jones, Isaac D 213 

Kennedy, Anthony 218 

Kennedy, John B 218 

Kent, J oseph 219 

Kerr, John Bozman 219 

Kerr, John L 220 

Key, Ph ilip 220 

Key, Philip Barton 220 

Kunkel, Jacob M 220 

Leary, Cornelius L. L 233 

Lee, John 234 

Lee, Thomas Sim 235 

Ligon, Thomas W 237 

Little, Peter 239 

Lloyd, Edward 240 

Lloyd, James 240 

Long, Edward H 242 

Magruder, Patrick , 256 

Martin, Luther 260 

Martin, Robert N 261 

Mason, John Thomas 262 

Matthews William 263 

May, Henry 264 

McCreary, William 249 

McCuUough, Hiram 249 

McHenry, James 250 

SIcKim, Alexander 252 

Mcium, Isaac 25'.j 



McLane, Louis 253 

McLaiie, Robert M 253 

Mercer, John F 266 

Merrick, William D 266 

Mitchell, George E 270 

Montgomery, John 272 

Moore, Nicholas R. 273 

Murray, William Vans 282 

Neale, Raphael 283 

Nelson, John 283 

Nelson, Roger 283 

Nicholson, Joseph Hopper 286 

Paca, William 293 

Pearce, James A 298 

Perry, Thomas 30I 

Peter, G eorge 301 

Phelps, Charles E 302 

Pinckney, William 306 

Plater, George 307 

Plater, Thomas 307 

Potts, Richard 311 

Pratt, Tliomas G 312 

Preston, Jacob A 312 

Ramsay, Nathaniel 31G 

Randall, Alexander 316 

Reed, Philip 320 

Ricaud, James E , 321 

Ridgely, Richard 324 

Ringgold, Samuel 304 

Rogers, John 328 

Roman, James D .329 

Ross, David 301) 

Rumsey, Benjamin 331 

Scott, Gustavus 337 

Semmes, Benedict J .339 

Seney, J oshua .339 

Sewell, James 341 

Sheredine, Upton 344 

Shower, Jacob 345 

Smith, William 354 

Sollers, Augustus R 3(55 

Spence, John S 357 

Spence, Thomas A 357 

Spencer, Richard 353 

Sprigg, Michael C 359 

Sprigg, Richard 359 

Sprigg, Thomas 359 

Steele, John N 361 

Sterrett, Samuel 362 

Stewart, David 304 

Stewart, J ames A 304 

Stoddard, John T 366 

Stone, Frederick 366 

Stone, Michael 366 

Stone, Thomas 367 

Strudwick, William E 369 

Stuart, Philip 370 

Thomas, Francis 378 

'J'homas, John C 379 

Thomas, John L., Jr 37ii 

Thomas, Philip Frauds 379 

Tilghraau, Matthew 382 

Turner, James 388 

Van H orne, Archibald 393 

Vausant, J oshua 394 

Vickers, George 395 

Walsh, Thomas Y 400 

Warfleld, Henry R 402 

Washington, George C 404 

Webster, Edwin H 407 

Weems, John C 407 

Wethered, John 409 

AVilliams, James W 416 

Wilson, E. K 4 18 

Worthington, John T. H 426 

AVorthington, Thomas C 426 

Wright, Robert 427 

Wright, Turbett 427 

]yrassacliu.setts. 

Abbott,Amos 9 

Adams, Benjamin 9 

Adams, Charles F 9 

Adams, John 10 

Adams, John Quincy 10 

Adams, Samuel 11 

Allen, Charles 12 

Allen, Joseph 13 

Allen, Samuel C 14 

Alley, John B 14 

Alvord, James C 15 



606 



INDEX. 



Ames, Fisher 15 

Ames, Oakes 15 

Appleton, Nathan 18 

Appletou, William 18 

Ashmuu, Eli Porter 21 

Ashmun, George 21 

Bacon, Ezekiel 23 

Bacon, John 23 

Bailey, Goldsmith F 2i 

Bailey, John 24 

Baker, Osmy n 25 

Baldwin, John D 25 

Banks, Nathaniel P 26 

Barker, Joseph 27 

Barstow, Gideon, 29 

Bartlett, Bailey £9 

Bates, Isaac C 31 

Baylies, Francis 32 

Baylies, William 32 

Baylies, William 32 

Bithvell, Barnabas 38 

Bigelow, Abijah 38 

Bigelo w, Lewis 38 

Bishop, Phanuel 40 

Borden, Nathaniel B 44 

Bourne, Shearjasub 46 

Boutwell, George S 46 

Bradbury, George 48 

Bradbury Theophilus 48 

Briggs, George N 52 

Brigham, Elijah 52 

Brown, Benjamin 65 

Bruce, Pliineas 67 

Buffinton, James 59 

Bullock, Stephen 60 

Burlingame, Anson 61 

Burnell, Barker 61 

Butler, Benjamin Franklin 64 

C;abot, George 65 

Calhoun, William B 67 

Carr, Francis 71 

Carr, James 71 

Chaffee, Calvin C. 74 

Choate, Rufus 79 

Cobb, David 87 

Coffin, Peleg 89 

Comins, Linus B 91 

Conner, Samuel S 92 

Cook, Orchard 93 

Crocker, Samuel L 100 

Crowninshield, Benjamin W 100 

Crowninshield, Jacob 100 

Cushing, Caleb 102 

Cushing, Thomas 102 

Cushman, Joshua (see Maine) 102 

Cutler, M anasseh 103 

Cutts, Richard 103 

Dalton, Tristam 104 

Damrell, William S 104 

Dana, Francis 105 

Dana, Samuel 105 

Dane, Nathan 105 

Davis, George T 107 

Davis, John 108 

Davis, Samuel 109 

Davis, Timothy 109 

Dawes, Henry L 109 

Deane, Josiah Ill 

Dearborn, Henry Ill 

Dearborn, Henry A. S Ill 

Delano, Charles 112 

Dewy, Daniel 114 

DeWitt, Alexander 114 

Dexter, Samuel 114 

Dickinson, Edward 115 

Dowse, Edward 120 

Duncan, James H 122 

Dwight, Henry W ■ 123 

Dwight, Thomas 123 

Edmonds, J. Wiley 125 

Eliot, Samuel A 127 

Eliot, Thomas D 128 

Ely, William 130 

Eustis, William 13 1 

Everett, Edward, 132 

Fay, Francis B , 134 

Fletcher, Richard , 140 

Folger, Walter 141 

Foster, Dwigl; o 143 

Freeman, Nathaniel 146 

Fuller, Timothy 148 

Gage, Joshua 148 



Gannett, Barzillai 149 

Gardner, Gideon 150 

Gerry, Elbridge 152 

Gooch, Daniel W 156 

Goodrich, John Z 157 

Goodhue, Benjamin 156 

Gore, Christopher 158 

Gorham, Benjamin 168 

Gorham, Nathaniel 158 

Green, I. L 160 

Greunell, George 161 

Grinnell, Joseph 162 

Grout, Jonathan 163 

Hale, Artemas 166 

Hall, Robert B.... 167 

H ancock, John 171 

Hastings, Seth 178 

Hastings, Wm. Soden 178 

H iggiuson, Stephen 186 

Hill, Mark L. (see Maine) 187 

Hoar, Samuel 188 

Hobart, Aaron 189 

Hodges, James L ,. 189 

Holteu, Samuel 192 

Hooper, Samuel 192 

Hubbard, Levi 198 

Hudson, Charles 199 

Hulbert, John W 200 

Ilsley, Daniel 203 

Jackson, Jonathan 206 

Jackson, William 207 

Kendall, Jonas 218 

Kendall, Joseph G 218 

King, Cyrus 221 

King, Daniel Putnam 221 

Kinsley, Martin 224 

Knapp, Chauncey L 225 

Lamed, Simeon 229 

Lathrop, Samuel 229 

Lawrence, Abbott 230 

Lee, Silas 235 

Leonard, George 236 

Lincoln, Enoch 238 

Lincoln, Levi 238 

Lincoln, Levi 238 

Little, Edward P 239 

Livermore, Edward S 239 

Lloyd, James 240 

Locke, John 241 

Lovell, James 243 

Lowell, John.... 243 

Lyman, Samuel 24r5 

Lyman, William 245 

Mann, Horace 257 

Mason, Jonathan 262 

Mattoon, Ebenezer 263 

Mellen, Prentiss 265 

Mills, Elijah H 269 

Mitchell, Nahum 271 

Morton, Marcus 279 

Nelson, Jeremiah .... 283 

Orr, Benjamin 291 

Osgood, GaytonP 291 

Osgood, Samuel 291 

Otis, Harrison Gray 291 

Otis, Samuel A , 292 

Paine, Robert Treat 294 

Palfrey, John G 294 

Parker, James 295 

Parmenter, William 296 

Partridge, George 296 

Phillips, Stephen Clarendon 303 

Pickering, Timothy 304 

Pickman, Benjamin 305 

Quincy, Josiah 315 

Kantoul, Robert 317 

Read, Nathan - 310 

Reed, John 319 

Reed, John 319 

Reed, William 320 

Rice, Alexander H 321 

Rice, Thomas 322 

Richardson, Joseph 323 

Richardson, William M 323 

Rockwell, Julius 327 

Ruggles, Nathaniel 331 

Russell, Jonathan , 332 

Sabine, Lorenzo.. 333 

Saltonstall, Leverett 334 

Sampson, Zabdiel 334 

Scudder, Zeno 338 

Seaver, Ebenezer 338 



INDEX. 



C07 



Sedgwick, Theodore 339 

Sewell, Samuel 340 

Shaw, Heury 34'2 

Shepherd, W'illiam 343 

Sible V, Jonas 345 

Silsbee, ^'athaniel 346 

Skinner, Thompson J., Jr 348 

Smith, Josiah 3oi 

Stearns, Asahel 3(iO 

Stedman, William 3G1 

Story, Joseph 307 

Strong, Caleb 368 

Strong, Solomon 361) 

Sullivan, James 370 

Sumner, Charles 371 

Tagf?art, Samuel 372 

Tallman, Peleg 373 

Thacher, George 377 

Thacher, Samuel 377 

Thayer, Eli 377 

Thomas, Benjamin F 378 

Thompson, Benjamin 379 

Trafton, Mark 3S5 

Train, Charles R 385 

Turner, Charles 388 

Twitchell, Ginerv ■. 389 

Upham, Charles "W 390 

Upham, Jabez 390 

Varnum, John 394 

Varnum, Joseph Bradley 395 

Wadsworth, Peleg 397 

Walker, Arnasa 398 

Walley, Samuel H 400 

Ward, Artemas 401 

Ward, Artemas 401 

Washburn, William B 403 

Webster, Daniel (see New Hampshire) 406 

Wentworth, Tappan 409 

AVheaton, Laban 409 

White, Leonard 412 

AVhitman, Ezekiel (see Maine) 412 

Widgery, William 413 

Williams, I lenry 415 

Williams, Lemuel 416 

Wilson, Henry 419 

Wilson, John 420 

Winthrop, Robert C 422 

Wood, Abiel 423 

]Micliigaii.. 

Baldwin, Augustus C 25 

Beaman, Fernando C 33 

Biddle, John 38 

Bingham, Kinsley S 39 

Blair, Austin 41 

Bradley, Edward 49 

Buel, Alexander W 59 

Oass, Lewis 73 

Chandler, Zachariah 76 

Chipman, John S 79 

Clark, Samuel (see New York) 81 

Conger, James L 91 

Cooper, George B 93 

Crary, Isaac E 97 

Driggs, JohnF 120 

Felch, Alpheus 135 

Ferry, Thomas W 136 

Fitzgerald, Thomas 139 

Granger, Bradley F 159 

Howard, Jacob M 196 

Howard, William A 197 

Hunt, James B 201 

Jones, George W. (see Iowa) 213 

Kellogg, Francis W 217 

Leach, De \Vitt C 232 

Longyear, J ohn W 242 

Lyon Lucius 246 

McClelland, Robert 248 

Moseley, Jonathan Ogden 279 

Noble, David A 287 

Norvell, John 288 

Peck, George W 298 

Penniman, Ebenezer J 299 

Phelps, William W 303 

Porter, Augustus S 309 

Kichard, Gabriel 322 

Sibley, Solomon 346 

Sprague, William 358 

Stevens, Hector L 362 

Stuart, Charles E 370 

Stuart, David 370 



Trowbridge, Rowland E 386 

Upsoni, Chiirks 3i)0 

Walbridge, David S 397 

Waldron, Henry S'JS 

Wing, Austin E 421 

Woodbridge, William 424 

Minnesota. 

Aldrich, Cyrus 1 1 

Cavanaugh, James M 74 

Donnelly, Ignatius 119 

Kingsbury, William W 223 

Norton, Daniel S 'z^7 

Ramsey, Alexander 316 

Rice, Henry M 322 

Sibley, Henry H 345 

Wilkinson, Morton S 415 

Windom, William i21 

nvtisslssippi. 

Adams, Robert H 11 

Adams, Stephen 11 

Barksdale, William 27 

Barry, William S 29 

Bennett, H. S 35 

Black, John 40 

Brooke, Walter 53 

Brown, Albert G 54 

Cage, Harry (i(5 

Chalmers, Joseph W 74 

Claiborne, John F. H 80 

Davis, Jefferson 108 

Davis, Reuben 108 

Dickson, David 113 

Ellis, Powhatan 128 

Featherston, W. S ns 

Foote, Henry S 141 

Freeman, John D 14;) 

Gholson, S.J 152 

Greene, Thomas M I'lO 

Gwin, William M. (see California) 105 

Haile, William 166 

Hammet, William J 169 

Harris, W. L 176 

Harris, Wiley P 176 

Henderson, John ^ 182 

Hinds, Thomas ISS 

Holmes, David (see Virginia) 191 

Hunter, Naisworthy 201 

Lake. William A 227 

Lamar, L. Q. C 227 

Lattimore, William 229 

Leake, Walter 233 

McRae, John J 255 

Mc Willie, William 255 

Nabers, Benjamin D 283 

Plummer, Franklin E .307 

Poindexter, George 307 

Prentiss, Sergeant S 312 

Quitman, John A 315 

Rankin, Christopher 317 

Read, Thomas B 319 

Roberts, Robert W .326 

Singleton, Otho R 347 

Speight, Jesse 357 

Thompson, Jacob .379 

Tompkins, Patrick W 381 

Trotter, F. James 386 

Tucker, Tilghman M 3S8 

Walker, Robert J 399 

Wilcox, John A 414 

Williams, Thomas Hill 417 

Williams, Thomas H 417 

Word, Thomas J 425 

Wright, Daniel B 426 

]^risso\u?i. 

Akers, Thomas Peter 11 

Anderson, George W 15 

Anderson, Thomas L 17 

Ashley, William U 21 

Atchison, David R 2'J 

Barrett, J. Richard 28 

Barton, David 30 

Bates, Edward 30 

Bay, William V.N 31 

Benjamin, John F 35 

Benton, Thomas Hart .36 

Blair, F. P., Jr 41 



G08 



INDEX. 



Blow, Henry T 40 

Bower, Gustavus B 4(j 

Bowlin, James B 47 

Boyd, yemprouius H 47 

Brown, B. Gratz 65 

Btickner, Alexander 59 

Bull, John 59 

Canitliers, Samuel 72 

(lark, John B SI 

Craig, James 97 

Darbj', J ohn Fletcher 105 

Drake, Charles C 120 

Easton, Rufus 124 

Edwards, John C 126 

Geyer, Henry S 152 

Gravely, Joseph J 159 

Green, James tj liiO 

lia!l, Wlllard P IGS 

Hall, William A 108 

Harrison, Albert G 170 

Jiempstead, Edward 1S2 

lienderson, John B 1S2 

Hogan, John 190 

Hughes, James M 200 

Jameson, John 207 

Johnson, Waldo P 212 

Kelso, John K 218 

Keunett, Luther M 219 

liing, Austin A 221 

Knox, Samuel 220 

JjH mb, Alfred W , 227 

Jjiadley, James J 238 

Linn, Lewis F 239 

Loan, Bcujamiu F. , , , 240 

BIcCUirg, Joseph W 248 

McUormick, James 11 249 

SHiler, John 2(58 

Bliller, Jolni G 2()8 

!Kewcoinb, C. A 284 

Noell, John W 287 

Noell, Thomas E 287 

Is'orton, Elijah H , 288 

<.'liver, Mordecai 290 

Pettis, Spencer 301 

Phelps, John S 302 

Pile, William A 30(5 

I'olk, Trusteu SOS 

I'orter, Gilchrist 310 

Price, >''terling 313 

I'rice, Thomas L 313 

Iteid, Jolin VV 320 

Itelfe, James H 321 

llollins, James Sidney 329 

Scott, John 337 

Scott, John G 338 

.Sims, Leonard H 347 

Van Horn, Robert T 393 

Wilson, Robert 420 

Woodson, Samuel H 425 

Marquette, T. M 268 

Thayer, John M 377 

Tipton, Thomas W 383 

r^evada. 

Ashley, Delos R 21 

Cradlebaugh, John 90 

Jlott, Gordon M 079 

Ky e, James W , 288 

Stewart, AVilliam M 3(54 

Worthington, H. G 320 

rife"vr Hainpsliire. 

Atherton, Charles G 22 

Atherton, Charles H 22 

Barker, David 27 

Bartlett, Ichabod 29 

Bartlett, J osiah 29 

Bartlett, Josiah 30 

Bean, Banning M 33 

Bell, James 34 

Bell, Samuel 35 

Benton, Jacob ._ 36 

Befcton, Silas 37 

Blaisdcll, Daniel 42 

Blanehard, Jcuathan 42 

Brodhead, John C 53 

Browu, Titus 06 



Buffum, Joseph, Jr 59 

Burke, Edmund 61 

Burns, Robert 62 

Butler, Josiah 64 

Carlton, Peter 70 

Chamberlain, John C 74 

Chandler, Thomas 76 

Cilley, Bradbury 80 

Cilley , Joseph 80 

Chiggett, Clifton 80 

Claik, Daniel 81 

Cragin, Aaron H 97 

Cushman, Samuel 102 

Cutts, Charles 103 

Dinsmoor, Samuel 110 

Durell, Daniel M 122 

Eastman, Ira A 124 

Eastman, Nehemiah 124 

Edwards, Thomas M 126 

ELa, Jacob II 127 

Ellis, Caleb 128 

Farrington, James 134 

Fogg, George G 141 

Folsom, Niithaniel 141 

Foster, Abiel 143 

Freeman, J onathan 146 

Frost, George 147 

Gardner, Francis 160 

Gilman, Kicholas 154 

Gilman, John Taylor 154 

Gordon, William 157 

Hale, John P 166 

Hale, Salma 166 

Hale, William 106 

Hall, Obed 167 

Hammonds, Joseph 170 

Harper, John A 174 

H arper, J oseph M 174 

Harvey, Jonathan 177 

Harvey, Matthew 177 

Haven, Nathaniel A 178 

Healy, Joseph 181 

H ibbard, Harry 185 

H ill, Isaac 186 

Hough, David 195 

Plubbard, Henry 108 

Hunt, Samuel 201 

Jenness, Benning W 209 

Johnson, James H 210 

Kittredge, George W 224 

Langdon, John 228 

Langdon, Woodbury 228 

Li vermore, Arthur 239 

Livermore, Samuel 231) 

Long, Pierce 242 

Marcy, Daniel • 257 

Marston, Gilman 260 

Mason, Jeremiah 201 

Matson, Aaron 203 

Morril, David L 275 

Morrison, George W 278 

Moultou, Mace 280 

Korris, Moses 287 

Olcott, Simeon , 289 

Page, John 293 

Parker, Nahum 295 

Parrott, John F 296 

Pattei-son, James W 297 

Peabody, Nathaniel 298 

Peaslee, Charles H 298 

Perkins, Jared 300 

Pierce, Franklin 305 

Pierce, Joseph 305 

Pike, James 305 

Plumer, William 307 

Plainer, William 307 

Reding, John R 313 

Rollins, FdwardH 328 

Shaw, Tristam 343 

Sheafe, J ames 343 

Sherburne, John S , 344 

Simmons, George A 346 

Smith, J edediah K 351 

Smith, Jeremiah 351 

Smith, Samuel 353 

Sprague, Peleg 358 

Stevens, Aaron F 362 ' 

Storer, Clement 307 

Sullivan, George 370 

Sullivan, John 370 

Tappan, Mason W 374 

Teniiey, Samuel 377 



INDEX. 



609 



Thompson, Thomas TV 380 

Tlioruton, Matthew asi 

'J'uck, Amos 387 

Upham, George B 3fiO 

Upham, Nathaniel 390 

Vose, Koger 306 

Webster, Daniel 400 

"Weeks, John W 407 

Weeks, Joseph 407 

Wells, John S 408 

Wentworth, John, Jr 408 

Whipple, Thomas 410 

Whipple, William .' 410 

White, Phillips 412 

Wilcox, Jeduthun 414 

Wilcox, Leonard 414 

AVilliams, Jared W 416 

AVilson, James 420 

Wilson, James 420 

AVingate, Paine 421 

Woodbury, Levi 424 



"Ngw Jersey. 

A drain, Garnett B 11 

Aycrigg, John B 23 

Baker, Kzra 25 

Bateman, Ephraim 30 

Beatty, John 33 

Bennett, Benjamin 35 

Bines, Thomas.. 39 

Bishop, James 40 

Bloomfleld, Joseph 43 

Boyd, Adam 47 

Brown, George H 55 

Burnett, W 6> 

Cassedy, George 73 

Cattell, Alexander G 74 

Chetwood, William 78 

Clark, Abraliam 80 

Clawson, Isaiah D 83 

Cobb, George T 87 

Condict, John 91 

(^ondict, Lewis 91 

Condict, Silas 91 

Condict, Silas 91 

Cooper, John 94 

Cooper, Richard M 94 

Cooper, W. K 94 

Cox, James ^ 96 

Coxe, William 93 

Crane, Stephen 97 

Darby, Ezra 105 

Davenport, Franklin 106 

Dayton, Ellas 1 10 

Dayton, Jonathan 110 

Dayton, William L 110 

Dick, Samuel 115 

Dickerson, Mahlon 115 

Dickerson, Philemon 115 

Dickerson, Philemon 115 

Edsall, Joseph E 125 

Elmer, Ebenezer 129 

Elmer, Jonathan 129 

Elmer, Lucius Q. C 129 

Farlee, Isaac G 133 

Fell, John 105 

Field, Richard S 137 

Fowler, Samuel 144 

Fi-elinghuysen, Frederick 146 

Frelinghuy sen, Frederick T 146 

Frelinghuysen, Theodore 140 

Garrison, Daniel 160 

Gregory, Dudley S 161 

Haight, Charles 165 

Halsey, George A 168 

Halsted, William 168 

Hampton, James G 170 

Hart,John 177 

Hay, Andrew K 179 

Helms, William 182 

Henderson, Thomas 183 

Hill, John ^187 

Holcomb, George 191 

Hopkinson, Francis 193 

Hornblower, Josiah 194 

Houston, William C 196 

Hufty, Jacob 199 

Hughes, Thomas H 200 

Huyler, John 203 



Imlay, James H 203 

Kille, Joseph 221 

King, James 222 

Kinsey, Charles 223 

Kinsey, James '.'.'.'.'... 2~4 

Kirkpalrick, Littleton 224 

Kitchell, Aaron 224 

Lambert, John ,. 227 

Lee, Thomas '.'."..'.'.!! 205 

Lilly, Samuel ..'.'.."." 237 

Linn, James 238 

Linn, John .'. 238 

Livingston, William 240 

Matlack, James 2()3 

Maxwell; George C '. "^63 

Maxwell, J.P.B 263 

Mcllvaine, Joseph 251 

Middleton, George 267 

Miller, Jacob W 263 

Moore, William 273 

Morgan, James 275 

Mott, James 280 

Neilson, John 283 

Newbold, Thomas 2S4 

Newell, AVilliam A 285 

Mxon, John 1 2-7 

Ogden, A arou 289 

Parker, James 295 

Paterson, William 296 

Pennington, Alexander CM 299 

Pennington, William 299 

Perry, Nehemiah. , , 300 

Pierson, Isaac 305 

Price, Rodman M 313 

Randolph, James F 317 

Randolph, Joseph Fitz 317 

Jiiggs, J etur R 324 

Robbing, G eorge R 325 

Rogers, Andrew J 328 

Runk, John 331 

]iutherlord, John 333 

Ryall.D.B 333 

Schenck, Ferdinand S 336 

Schureman, James 337 

Scudder, John A 333 

Scudder, Nathaniel 333 

Sergeant, Jonathan D 340 

Shinn, William N 34.5 

Sinnickson, Thomas 347 

Sinnickson, Thomas 347 

Sitgreaves, Charles 347 

Skelton, Charles 318 

Sloan,. James 349 

Smith, Bernard 350 

Smith, Isaac 351 

Smith, Richard 353 

Southard, Henry 35c 

Southard, Isaac 356 

Southard, Samuel L 35ii 

Starr, John F 300 

Steele, William G 361 

Stewart, Archibald 304 

Stockton, John P 305 

Stockton, Richard 365 

Stockton, Richard 365 

Stockton, Robert Field 365 

Stratton, Charles C 308 

Stratton, John L. N 308 

Stratton, Nathan T 308 

Swan, Samuel 37] 

Sykes, George 372 

Svmmes, John C 372 

Ten Eyck, John C 376 

Thompson, Hedge 379 

Thompson, Mark 380 

Thomson, John R 381 

Tucker, Ebenezer 387 

Vail, George .391 

Van Dyke, John 392 

Vroom, Peter D 396 

Wall , Garret D 399 

Wall, James W 399 

Ward, I'homas 402 

Wildrick, Isaac 414 

Wilson, James J 420 

Witherspoon, John 422 

AVortendyke, J. R 426 

AVright, Edwin R. V 426 

Wright, Samuel G 427 

Wright, William 427 

Yorke, Thomas J 4a9 



610 



INDEX. 



Adams, John 10 

Adams, Parmenio 11 

Adgate, Asa 11 

Alexander, Henry r 12 

Allen, Judsou, 13 

Allen. Nathaniel 13 

Alsop, John lo 

Anderson, Joseph H 10 

Andrews, George K 17 

Andrews, John T 17 

Andrews, Samuel Gr 17 

Angel, William (J 17 

A rmstroug, J ohn 19 

Arnold, Benedict 20 

Ashley, Henry 21 

A very, Daniel 22 

Babcock, Alfred 23 

Babcock, Leander 23 

Babcock, William 23 

Badger, Luther 23 

Bailey, Alexander H 24 

Bailey, Theodoras 24 

Baker, Caleb 24 

Baker, Stephen 25 

Barnard, D. D 28 

Barnes, Demas 28 

Barr, Ihomas J 28 

Barstow, Gamaliel H 29 

Barton, Samuel 30 

Beale, Charles L 32 

Beardsley, Samuel 33 

Beekman, Thomas 34 

Beers, Cyrus..... 34 

Belden, George O 34 

Bennett, Henry. 35 

Benson, Egbert , 35 

ISenton, Charles S 36 

Bergen, John T 30 

Bergen, Tennis G 36 

Betts, Samuel K.. . , 37 

Bicknell , Bennett 37 

Bird, John 40 

Bh-dsall, Auisburn 40 

Birdsall, James 40 

I'lirdsall, Samuel 40 

Birdseye, Victory 40 

Biackmar, Esbon 41 

Blair, Barnard 41 

Blake, John, Jr 42 

Bleecker, Hermanus 43 

Bloom, Isaac 43 

Bockee, Abraham 43 

Bodle, Charles 44 

Boerum, Simon 44 

Bokee, David A 44 

Boody, Azariah 44 

Borland, Charles, Jr 44 

Borst-, refer ] 45 

Bouck, J oscph 45 

Bovee, Matthias J 46 

Bowers, ,!olni M 45 

Bowne, (.»b;L(iii!h 47 

Bowne, f anir.el S 47 

Boyd, Alexander 47 

Boyd,Johnl4 47 

Brewster, Davhl 1' 51 

Briggs, George 51 

BroatUiead, John C ,52 

Bronson, Isaac H 53 

Brooks, Da vid 53 

Brooks, ,1 ames 53 

Blocks, Micah 54 

Brov.n, Anson 55 

Brown, Jolui W 50 

Bruyu, Andrew D. W ■ 57 

Buel, Alexander U 59 

Banner, Uudolph 00 

Burr, Aaron 62 

Burroughs, Silas M 63 

Burrows, Lorenzo C3 

Butterliekl, JIartiu 65 

Cadv, Daniel 06 

Cady, John W 60 

C;arribreleng. Churchill C 03 

Campbell, Sarauel 09 

Campbell, W illiam W. . . » 69 

Cantine, J hn 70 

Carey, Jeremiah E 70 

Carpenter, Davis 70 

Carpenter, Levi D 71 



Carroll, Charles IT 71 

Carter, Luther C 71 

Case, VFalter 7Z 

Chamberlain, Jacob F 74 

Clianler, John Winthrop 7G 

Chapin, Graham H 76 

Chase, George W 77 

Chase, Samuel 78 

Childs, Thomas, Jr 78 

Childs, 'J'imothy 78 

Chittenden, T. C 79 

Churchill, John Charles 79 

Clark, Ambrose W 80 

Clark, Horace F 81 

Clark, Lot 81 

Clark, Robert 81 

Clark, Samuel (see Michigan) 81 

Clarke, Archibald S 82 

Clarke, Bayard 82 

Clarke, Charles E 82 

Clarke, Freeman 82 

Clarke, John C 82 

Clarke, Staley N '. ^:j 

Clinton, DeVVitt 80 

Clinton, George 80 

Clinton, George, Jr 80 

Clinton, James G 80 

Cochran, James 88 

Cochrane, Clark B 88 

Cochrane, John 88 

Colden, Cadwallader D 89 

Collier, John A 90 

CoUin, John F 90 

Collins, Ela 90 

Col lins, William ; . 90 

Comstock, Oliver C 91 

Conger, Harmon S 91 

ConkUng, Alfred 92 

Conkling, Frederick A 92 

Conkling, Koscoe 92 

Cook, Thomas B 93 

Cooke, Bate 93 

Cooper, William 94 

Cornell, Thomas 94 

Corning, Erastus 94 

C'owles, Henry B 90 

Craig, Hector 97 

Cramer, John 97 

(rocberon, Henry 99 

Crocheron, Jacob 99 

Cruger, Daniel 100 

Culver, Erastus D 101 

Gumming, Thomas W 101 

Curtis, Edward ■ lOl 

Cushmau, John Faine 102 

Cutting, Francis B 10} 

Dana, Amasa 104 

I^arling, William A 100 

Davis, Richard D 108 

Davis, Thomas T 10!) 

Day, Rowland 1 iO 

Davan, Charles lU 

Dean, Gilbert HI 

DeGrair, J ohn 1 112 

Deitz, William 112 

Delapaine, Isaac C 112 

De Mott, John 113 

Denning, William 113 

Denoyelles, Peter 1 13 

Dewitt, Charles 114 

De, Witt, Charles G HI 

De Witt, Jacob 11 114 

Dickinson, Daniel S 11-5 

Dickinson, John D HO 

Dickson, John HO 

Dickson, Samuel HO 

Diven, Alexander S HO 

Dix, Jolin A 117 

Dodd, Edward H8 

Dodge, William E. H8 

Doe, Nicholas B H9 

Doig, Andrew W H9 

Doubleday, Ulysses F HO 

Do w je, William l~f> 

Drake, John R 1~0 

Duane, James I'-l 

Dudley, Charles E ^~\ 

Duell, R. Holland J-l 

Duer, William ^-J 

Duer, William |~l 

Dwinnell, Justin 1;'^ 

Eager, Samuel W i~3 



INDEX. 



611 



Earll, Jonas, Jr 124 

Kaill, Xeliemiah H Vli 

l-:atoii, Lewis 1„'4 

E<livanl, John 125 

Kdwards, Trancis S Vli't 

Ell'iicr, Valentine 127 

J'-.irbL'it, Joseph 127 

Kllicott, Benjamin 128 

Kills, Cheselv"len 128 

Kllsworth, Samuel S ' 128 

Klmendorf, Lucas 12'J 

Ely, AUVed l29 

Ely, John 1:30 

Emott, James l^O 

Eysin*, Dayid E 1:>1 

Eaiiin, Dudley l.H 

Eay, John 134 

Fenton, Heuben E 135 

Ferris, Charles G 135 

Ferriss, Orange *. 135 

Fields, William C 137- 

Fillmore, Millard 137 

Finch, Isaac 137 

Fine, John 138 

Fish, Hamilton 138 

Fisher, George 138 

Fisk, Jonathan 139 

Fitch, Asa 139 

Flugler, Thomas T 140 

Flovd, Charles A 140 

Floyd, John G 140 

Floyd, William. 140 

Foote, Charles A 141 

Ford, William D 142 

Fosdick, KicoU 143 

Foster A . Lawrence 143 

Foster, Henry A 143 

Fox, John 144 

Franchot, Richard 145 

Frank, Augustus 145 

Frost, Joel 147 

Fuller, riiilo (; 147 

Fuller, William K 148 

(iallup, Albert 149 

Ganseyoort, Leonard 149 

Ganson, John 149 

Gardenier, Barent 149 

Garnsey, Daniel G 150 

Garrow, Nathaniel 150 

(jatps, Seth Jlerrill 151 

Gehhard, John 151 

Geddes, James 151 

German, Obariiah 152 

Gilbert, Ezekiel 153 

Gilbert, William A 153 

Gillet, Kansom H 153 

G lenn, H enry 155 

Gold, Thomas R 155 

Goodwin, Henry C 157 

Goodyear, Charles 157 

Gordon, .James 157 

(iordon, Samuel 157 

Gott, Daniel 158 

Gould, Herman D 158 

G raham, James H 158 

Granger, A mos P 159 

Granger, Francis 159 

Grant, Abraham P 159 

Gray, Hiram 159 

Greeley, Horace 159 

CJreen, Byram 100 

Greig, John 101 

Grinnell, Moses H 102 

Griswold, Gaylord 102 

Griswokl, John A 103 

Gross, Ezra C 103 

Grosvenor, Thomas P 103 

Grover, Martin 104 

Guyon, James, Jr 105 

Hackley, Aaron, Jr 105 

H aiglit, Edward 105 

Hale, Robert S 106 

Hall, George 107 

Hall, Xathan K 107 

Hallock, John, Jr 108 

Halloway, Ransom 108 

Halsey, Jehiel H 108 

Halsey, NicoU 108 

Halsey, Silas 108 

Hamilton, Alexander 108 

Hammond, Jabez D 170 

liaud, Augustus C 171 



Hard, Gideon 172 

Haring.John I7:j 

Harris, ha 173 

Harris, John •. 175 

H art, Emanuel B 177 

Hart, Roswell 177 

H asbrouck, Abraham 177 

Hasbrouck, Abraham B 177 

Hasbrouck, Josiali 177 

Hascall, Augustus P , 177 

Haskin,Jolin !! 178 

Hastings, George 178 

Hatch, Israel T 178 

H atluiway , ,Samuel G 178 

Uathoin, .John 17s 

Havens, Jonathan N 179 

Haven, Solomon G 179 

Hawkins, Joseph 179 

Hawkes, James 179 

Haws, J. H. Hobart 179 

Hayden, Moses 180 

Hazeltine, Abner if^O 

H erkimer, John 184 

Herrick, Anson 184 

Herrick, Richard P \t<5 

Hoard, Cliarles 15 IS'.) 

Hobart, John Sloss 18') 

Hobble, Selah R 189 

H oilman, Michael 189 

Holi'man, Ogden 190 

Hogan, William 100 

Hogeboom, James L 190 

Holley, John M 191 

Holmes, Elias B 191 

Holmes, Sydney T. 192 

Hopkins, Samuel M 193 

Horton, Thomas R 194 

Hosford, Jedediah 194 

Hosmer, Hezekiah L 194 

Hotchkiss, Giles W 194 

Houck, Jacob, Jr 195 

Hough, William J 195 

Howe, Thomas Y.,Jr 197 

Howell, Edward 197 

Howell, Nathaniel 197 

Hubbard, Demas, Jr 198 

Hubbard, Thomas H 199 

Hubbel, Edwin N 199 

Hubbell, William S 199 

Hughes, Charles 199 

Hugliston, Jonas A 200 

Hugunin, Daniel 200 

Hulburd, Calvin T 200 

Humphrey, Charles 200 

Humphrey, James 200 

Humphrey, James M 200 

Humjihrey, Reuben 200 

Hungerford, Orville 201 

Hunt, HiramP 2OI 

Hunt, Washington 201 

Hunter, John W 201 

Huntington, Abel 202 

Irvine, William 205 

Irving, AVilliam 205 

Ives, Willard 205 

J ackson, David S 206 

Jackson, 'Ihomas B 207 

Jackson, W. T 207 

Jay, John 207 

Jenkins, Lemuel 209 

Jenkins, 'I'imothy 209 

.lewett, Freeborn G 209 

Johnson, Jeromus 211 

Johnson, Noadiah , 211 

Johnston, Charles 212 

Joiies, Daniel T 213 

Jones, Morgan 2)4 

Jones, Nathaniel 214 

Kalbfleisch, Martin 215 

Keese, Ricliard 210 

Kellogg, Charles 217 

Kellogg, Orlando 217 

Kelly, John 218 

Kelsey, William H 218 

Kemble, Gouverneur 2!8 

Kempshall, Thomas 2 IS 

Kent, Moss 210 

Kenyon, William S 219 

Kernan, Francis 219 

Kerrigan, .James E 220 

Ketcham John H 220 

King, Adam 221 



G12 



IND EX. 



King, John 222 

King, John A 222 

Kink, Perkins 222 

King, I'restou 222 

King, Kufus 222 

King, Rufus H 223 

Kirkland, Joseph 224 

Kirkpatrick, William 224 

Kirtiand , Dorrance 224 

Knickerbocker, Herman 225 

Lafflin, Addison H 220 

Lansing, Gerritt Y 228 

]^ansing, John 229 

Lansing, AVilliam E 229 

]^awrence, Cornelius Van Wyck 231 

l>awrence, John 231 

Jjawrence, John W 231 

Lawrence, Samuel 231 

Lawrence, Sidney 231 

Lawieuce, William T 232 

Lawyer, Thomas 232 

Lay,"George W 232 

Lee, Gideon 234 

Lee, linnry li , 234 

Lee, Joshua 234 

Lee, M. Lindley 234 

l.ellferts, Jolin. . 235 

Lent, James 236 

Leonard, Closes G 23(3 

Leonard, Stephen B 236 

Lewis, Abner 237 

Lewis, Francis 237 

li'Hommedieu, Kzra 237 

Lincoln, William S 238 

J.inn, A rchibald L 238 

Litchfield, Elisha 239 

Littlejohn, De Witt C 239 

Livingston, Edward.... , 240 

Livingston, Henry Walter 240 

Livingston, Philip 240 

Livingston, Robert Le Koy 240 

Livingston, Robert R 240 

Livingston, AValter 240 

Loomis, Arphaxad 242 

Lord, Frederick W' 242 

Love, Thomas C 243 

Lovett, John 243 

Low, Isaac 243 

Lyman, Joseph S 245 

Lyon, Caleb of Lyonsdale 245 

Maclay William B 247 

Jlagee, John 255 

Mallory, Meredith 256 

Mann, Abijah Jr 256 

Slarcy, William Lamed '. 257 

Markell, Henry 258 

Markell, Jacob 258 

Martin, Frederick S 260 

Martindale, Henry C 261 

Marvin, Dudley 261 

Marvin, James M 261 

Marvin, Hichard P 261 

Mason, William 262 

Masters, Josiah , 262 

Matliews, Vincent 262 

Matteson, Orasmus B 203 

Maurice, James 263 

Maxwell, Thomas 264 

JIaynard, John 264 

McCarthy, Dennis 248 

McCarty, A ndrew Z 248 

McCarty , Richard 248 

McClellan, Robert 248 

McCord, Andrew 249 

McDougall, Alexander 250 

McKeau, James Badell 251 

McKeon, John 252 

McKissock, Tliomas 253 

McManus, William 254 

Mc Vean, Charles 255 

Meigs, Henry 265 

Metcalf, Arunah 266 

Miller, John 268 

Miller, Killian 269 

Miller, Morris S 269 

Miller, Rutger B 269 

Miller, Samuel F .^ 269 

Miller, William S 269 

Mitchell, Charles F 270 

Jlitcliell, H: niy 270 

Mitchell, Samuel Latham 271 

MoilitjHosea -^71 



Monell , Robert 271 

Montanya, J. D. L 272 

Moore, Ely 272 

Morgan, Christopher 274 

Morgan, Edwin B 274 

Morgan, Edwin D 274 

Morgan, John J 275 

Morris, Daniel 276 

Morris, Gouverneur 27G 

Morris, Lewis 277 

Morris, Thomas ^ 278 

Morrissev, John 278 

Morse, O. A 278 

Moseley, William A 279 

MuUin, Joseph 281 

Mumford, Gurdon S 281 

Munroe, .James 282 

Murphy, Henry C 282 

Murray, Ambrose S 282 

Murray, William -. 282 

Nelson, Homer A 283 

Nelson, William 284 

Nicholson, John 280 

NicoU, H enry 286 

Niven, Archibald C 286 

Noble, William H 287 

North, William 287 

Norton, Ebenezer F 288 

Oakley, Thomas Jackson 289 

Odell, Moses F 289 

Ogden, David A 289 

Clin, Abraham B 290 

Oliver, Andrew 290 

Oliver, William M 290 

Page, Sherman 293 

Paiiie, Ephraim 293 

Palen, Rufus 294 

Palmer, Beriah 294 

Palmer, George W 204 

Palmer, John 294 

Parker, Amasa J 294 

Parker, John M 295 

Partridge, Samuel 296 

Patterson, John 297 

Patterson, Thomas J 297 

Patterson, Walter 297 

Patterson, AVilliam. 297 

Paulding,AVilliam, Jr 297 

Peck, Jared V 298 

Peck, Luther C 298 

Peckhara, Rufus W 298 

Peek, Hermanns ; 298 

Pelton, Guy R 298 

Pendleton, Edmund H 299 

■ Perkins, Bishop 300 

Petrie, George 301 

Phelps, Oliver 302 

Phoenix, J. Philips 303 

Pierson, Jeremiah H .305 

Pierson Job 305 

Pitcher, Nathaniel 307 

Piatt, Jonas 307 

Piatt, Zephaniah 307 

Pomeroy, Theodore M 309 

Pond, Benjamin 309 

Porter, James 310 

Porter, Peter B 310 

Porter, Timothy H 30 

Post, Jotham, Jr 310 

Pottle, Emory B 311 

Powers, Gershom 311 

Pratt, Zadock 312 

Prentiss, John H 312 

Pringle, Benjamin 315 

Pruyn, John V. L 314 

Purdy, Smith M 314 

Putnam, Harvey 314 

Radford, William 315 

Rathbun, George 318 

Raymond, Henry J 318 

Reed, Edward 319 

Reynolds, Gideon 321 

Reynolds, John H 321 

Reynolds, Joseph 321 

Richards, John 322 

Richmond, J onathau 323 

Riggs, Lewis 324 

Riker, Samuel 324 

Ripley, Thomas C 324 

Risley, Elijah 324 

Robbie, Reuben 325 

Robertson, William H 326 



INDEX. 



613 



Robinson, Orville 327 

Robinson, William E 327 

Koehester, William B 327 

Rogers, Charles 328 

Rogers, Edward - 328 

Roosevelt, James 1 32S) 

Root, Erastus 329 

Rose, Robert L 329 

Rose, Robert S 329 

Ross, Henry H 330 

Ro we, Peter 331 

Ruggles, Charles H 331 

Runisey, David.Jr 331 

Russell, David 332 

Russell, Jeremiah 332 

Russell, John 332 

Russell, J oseph 332 

Russell, William F 332 

Sackett, William A 333 

Sage, Ebenezer 333 

Sage, Russell 333 

Sailly, Peter 334 

Sammons, Thomas 334 

landlord, John 334 

Saudford, J ouah 334 

Sands, Joshua 334 

Sandford, Nathan 334 

Savage, John 335 

Schenck, Abraham H 336 

Schermerhorn, Abraham M 336 

Schoolcraft, John L 337 

Schooumakcr, (Jornellus C 337 

Schoonmaker, Marius 337 

Schuueman, Martin G 337 

Schuvler, Philip 337 

Schuyler, Philip J 337 

Scott, John Morin 338 

Scudder, Treadwell 338 

Seaman, Henry J 338 

Searing, John A 338 

Sfdgwick, C. B 339 

Selueu, Dudley 339 

Selye, Lewis 339 

Seward, William H 341 

Seymour, David L 341 

Seymour, William 341 

Sharpe, Peter 342 

Sherman, J . W 344 

Sherman, Socrates N 344 

Sherrill, Eliakim 344 

Sherwood, Samuel - 345 

Shipherd, Zebulon R 345 

Sibley, Mark H 346 

Sickles, Daniel E 346 

Sickles, N icholas 346 

Silvester, Peter 346 

Silvester, Peter H 346 

Slingerland, John 1 349 

Smith, Albert 350 

Smith, Edward Henry 350 

Smith, Gerritt 350 

Smith, John 351 

Smith, Meiaiicthon 352 

Smith, William S ■ 354 

Snow, William W 355 

Soule, Nathan 355 

Spaulding, Elbridge G 357 

Spencer, Ambrose 357 

Spencer, pjlijah 357 

Spencer, James B 357 

Spencer, John C 357 

Spinner, Francis E 358 

Starkweather, George A 360 

Stebbins, Henry G 301 

Steele, John B 361 

Stephens, Abraham P 361 

Sterling, jlicah 302 

Stetson, Lemuel 362 

Stewart, Thomas E 304 

St. John, Daniel B 365 

Storrs, Henry R 367 

Stow, Silas 367 

Stower, John G 367 

Stranahan, J. S. T 307 

Street, Randall S 308 

Strong, James, 368 

Strong, Selah B 368 

Strong, Stephen 369 

Strong, Theron R 369 

Sutherland, Josiah 371 

Swart, Peter 371 

Taber, Thomas 372 



Tabor, Stephen 372 

Talbot, Silas 3^3 

Tallmadge, Frederick A 373 

Tallmadge, James, Jr 373 

Tallmadge, Nathaniel P 373 

Taylor, Asher 374 

Taylor, George, 374 

Taylor, John J 375 

Taylor, John W 375 

Taylor, Nelson 375 

Taylor, William 376 

Teller, Isaac 376 

Ten Eyck, Egbert 376 

Thomas, David 378 

Thompson, Joel 380 

Thompson, J ohn 380 

Thompson, John 3bO 

Throop, Enos T 381 

Thurman, John R 382 

'I'ibbetts, (Jeorge 38i 

Titus, Obadiah 383 

Tomlinson, Thomas A 383 

Tompkins, Caleb 383 

Tompkins, Daniel D 383 

To wnsend, D wight 384 

To wnsend, George •, . . . 384 

Townsend, James 384 

Tracy, Albert U 384 

Tracy, I'hineas L 385 

Tracy, Uri 385 

Tredwell, Thomas 385 

Turrell, Joel 28S 

Tuthill, Selah 388 

Tweed, William M 3SI) 

Tyson, Jacob 38;j 

Underbill, Walter 389 

Vail, Henry 391 

Valk, William W 391 

Van Aernam, Henry • 391 

Van Allen, James Q 391 

Van Allen, John E 391 

Van Buren, John 391 

Van Buren, Martin 391 

Van Cortlandt, Philip 392 

Van Cortlandt, Pierre, Jr 392 

Vanderpool, Aaron 392 

Vander\ eer, Abraham 392 

Van Gaasbeck, Peter 393 

Van Horn, Burt 393 

Van Houton, Isaac B 393 

Van Ness, John P 393 

Van Rensselaer, Henry 393 

Van Rensselaer, Jeremiah ... 393 

Van Rensselaer, Solomon 393 

Van Rensselaer, Stephen 393 

Van Rensselaer, Killian K 393 

Van Valkenburgh, Robert B 304 

Van Wyck, Charles H 394 

Van Wyck, William W 394 

Verplanck, Daniel C 395 

Verplanck, Gulian C 395 

Vibbard, Chauucey 395 

Wagner, Peter J 397 

Wakeman, Abraham 397 

Walbridge, Henry S 397 

Walbridge, Hiram 307 

Walden, H iram 397 

Walker, Benjamin 398 

Walker, William A 399 

Wall, William. 399 

Walsh, Mike 4no 

Walworth, Reuben Hyde 401 

Ward, Aaron 401 

Ward, Elijah 401 

Ward, Hamilton ^ 402 

Ward, Jonathan 402 

Wardwell, Daniel 402 

Warren, Cornelius 403 

Watson, .James 405 

Watts, John 405 

Wells, Alfred 403 

Wells, John 408 

Wendover, Peter H 408 

Westbrook, Theodoric R 40!) 

Westerlo, Rensselaer 409 

Whallon, Reuben 409 

Wheaton, Horace 409 

Wheeler, Grattan H 410 

Wheeler, John 410 

Wheeler, William A 410 

AVhite, Bartow W 4U 

White, Campbell F 411 



614 



INDEX. 



White, Hugh 411 

White, Joseph L 411 

"Whitney, Thomas R 412 

Whittemore, Elias 413 

Whittlesey, Frederick 413 

Wickes, Eliphalet 413 

Wilder, A. Carter 414 

Wilkin, James W 414 

Wilkin, Samuel J 414 

AVilliams, Isaac, Jr 416 

Williams, John 41(5 

Williams, John 416 

AVilliams, Nathan 416 

Willoughby, Westel, Jr 418 

Wilson, Isaac 419 

Wilson, Nathan 420 

Winfield, Charles H 421 

AViuter, Elisha J 422 

AYisuer, Henry 422 

AVood, Benjamin 423 

AVood, Bradford R 423 

AVood, Fernando 423 

AVood, John J 423 

AVood, Silas 424 

AVoodcock, David 424 

AVoodrufl', Thomas M 425 

AA^oods, William 425 

AVoodworth, AVilliam A7 425 

AVright, Silas... 427 

Yates, Abraham, Jr 428 

Yates, John B 428 

Yates, Peter AV 429 

Young, John 429 

Pfox'tli Cai'oliiia. 

Alexander, Evan 12 

Alexander, Nathaniel 12 

Alston, Willis 15 

Alston, AVillis, Jr 15 

Arrington, II. Archibald 20 

Ashe, John Baptiste 20 

Ashe, AVilliam S 21 

Badger, George E 23 

Barringer, Daniel L 29 

Barringer, Daniel Moreau 29 

Bethune, Laughlin 37 

Biggs, Asa 38 

Blackledge, William 41 

Blackledge, William S 41 

Blood worth, Timothy 43 

Blount, Thomas 43 

Boyden, Nathaniel 47 

Bragg, Thomas 49 

Branch, John 49 

Branch, Lawrence O'Brien 49 

Brown, Bedford 55 

Bryan, John H 67 

Bryan, Joseph H 57 

Bryan, Nathan •. 57 

Bryde, Archibald M 58 

Burgess, Dempsey 60 

Burke, Thomas 61 

Burton, Hutchins G 63 

Burton, Robert 63 

Bynam, Jesse A 65 

Caldwell, Greene AV 66 

Carson, Samuel P 71 

(.'as well, Richard 73 

Clark, James AV 81 

Clark, Henry S 81 

Clingman, Ihomas L 86 

Connor, Henry W 92 

Craige, Burton 97 

Orudup, Josiah lOO 

Culpepper, John lOi 

Cumming, William 101 

Daniel, J ohn R.J 105 

Davidson, William I07 

Dawson, William J HO 

Deberry, Edmund 112 

Dickens, Samuel 115 

Dixon, Joseph Henry II7 

Dobbin, James C 118 

Dockery, A 118 

Donneli, Richard S.^ 119 

Dudley, Edward B .- 121 

Edwards, Weldon N 127 

Fisher, Charles 138 

Forney, Daniel M 142 

Forney, Peter 142 

Franklin, J esse 145 



Franklin, Meshack 145 

Gartlin, Alfred 159 

Gaston, William 151 

Giles, John 153 

Gillespie, James 153 

Gilmer, John A 154 

Graham, James 158 

Graham, William A 158 

Grove , William B 163 

Hall, Thomas H 167 

Harnett, Cornelius 174 

Hawkins, Benjamin 179 

Hawkins, M. T 179 

Heywood, William H., Jr ISO 

Henderson, Archibald 182 

Hewes, Joseph 1^5 

Hill, John 187 

Hill, Whitmill \S7 

H ill, William H 187 

H ines, Richard 183 

H oUand, J ames 191 

Holmes, Gabriel 191 

Hooks, Charles ..., 192 

Hooper, AVilliam 193 

Iredell, James 204 

Johnston, Charles 212 

Johnston, Samuel 213 

Jones, Allen 213 

Jones, AA'illie 215 

Kenan, Thomas 218 

Kennedy, William 219 

Kerr, John 219 

Leach, James M 233 

Locke, Francis 241 

Locke, Matthew 241 

Long, John 242 

Love, William C 243 

Macon, Nathaniel 247 

Mangum, AVillie P 256 

Martin, Alexander 260 

IMcDowell, Joseph 250 

McFarlan, Duncan 250 

McKay, J ames J 251 

McNeil, Archibald 254 

Mebane, Alexander 264 

Mitchell, Anderson ' 270 

Montgomery, William 272 

Morehead, I. T 274 

Mumford, George 281 

Murfree, W^illiam H 282 

Nash, Abner 283 

Outlaw, David 292 

Outlaw, Geoi-ge C 292 

Owen, James 292 

Paine, Robert T 294 

Pearson, J oseph 298 

Penn, John 299 

Pettigrew, Ebenezer 301 

Pickens, Israel (see Alabama) 304 

Potter, Robert 311 

Purviance, Samuel D 314 

Puryear, Richai-d C 314 

Rayner, Kenneth..... 318 

Reade, Edwin G 319 

Reid, D.avld 8 320 

Rencher, Abraham 321 

Rogers, Sion H 328 

Ruffin, Thomas 331 

Saunders, Romulus M .335 

Sawyer, Lemuel 



sawye 



330 



Scales, Alfred M., Jr 336 

Settle, Thomas 340 

Sevier, John (see Tennessee) 340 

Shadwick, William 841 

Sharpe, AVilliam 342 

Shepard, Charles H 343 

Shepard, William B 343 

Shepperd, Augustus H 314 

Sif greaves, John 318 

Slocum, .lesse 349 

Smith, .Tames F .351 

Smith, WilliamN. H 354 

Spaight, Richard D 350 

Spaight, Richard D 356 

Stanford, Richard 359 

Stanley, Edward 359 

Stanley, John 359 

Steele, John 361 

Stewart, James 364 

Stokes, Montford 366 

Stone, David 266 



INDEX. 



615 



strange, Robert 367 

8 wan, .Tolin 371 

Tate, Magnus 374 

I'atum, yVbsalom 374 

Turuer, Daniel 388 

Turner, J ames 388 

Vance, Robert B 3!)3 

Vance; Zebulon B 392 

Venable, Abraham W 395 

Walker, Felix 398 

Washington, William H 405 

White, Alexander 410 

Williams, Benjamin 413 

Williams, John 416 

Williams, Lewis 416 

Williams, Marmaduke 41S 

Williams, Robert 417 

"Williamson, Hugh 418 

Winslow, Warren 421 

AVinston, Joseph 421 

W^ynns, Thomas 428 

Yaneey, Bartlett 428 

Oliio. 

Albright, Charles J 11 

Alexander, James, Jr 12 

Alexander, John 12 

Allen, John W 13 

Allen, William 14 

A lien, William 14 

Andrews, Sherlock J 17 

Ashley, James 31 21 

Ball, Edward 26 

Barber, Levi 27 

Barrere, Nelson 28 

Bartley , Mordecai SO 

Beall, Kezin 32 

Beatty, John 33 

Beecher, Philemon 34 

Bell, Hiram 34 

Bell, James M 34 

Bell, John 34 

Bingham, John A 39 

Blake, Harrison G 42 

Bliss, George 43 

Bliss, Philemon 43 

Bond, William Key 44 

Briukerhoft", Henry R 52 

ISrinkerhoff, Jacob 52 

Brown, Ethan A 55 

Brush. Henry 57 

Buckland, Ralph P 58 

Bundy, Hezekiah S 00 

Burnett, Jacob 61 

liurns, .Joseph 62 

Busby, George H, 03 

enable, Joseph 05 

Caldwell, James 06 

(.ampbell, Alexander 08 

Campbell, .lohn VV 09 

Campbell, l^ewis D 09 

Canby, Richard S 70 

Carey, John 70 

Cartter, David K 72 

Cary, Samuel F 72 

Chambers, David 74 

Chaney, John 70 

Chase, Salmon P 77 

Clarke, Reader Wright 82 

Clendenen, David 85 

Coekerill, Joseph R 89 

Coffin, Charles G 89 

Cooke, Eleutheros 93 

Corwiu, Moses B 95 

Corwia, Thomas 95 

Cowen, Benjamins 90 

Cox, Samuel S 96 

Crane, Josei)hH 97 

Creighlon, William 09 

Cro well, John 100 

Cummins, John D 101 

Cunningham, Francis A 101 

Cutler, VVilliamP 103 

Davenport, John 107 

Day, Timothy C 110 

Dean, Ezra 110 

Delano, Columbus 112 

Dickinson, itudolphus 116 

Disney, David T 1 10 

Doane, \Villiam 118 



Duncan, Alexander 121 

Duncan, Daniel 121 

Eckley, pji^hraim R 124 

Edgerlon, Alfred P 125 

Edgei ton, Sidney 125 

Edwards, Thomas (>. 127 

Eggleston, Benjamin , 127 

Elliston, Andrew 128 

Emrie, ,1. Reece 130 

Evans, Natlian , 1:52 

Ewing, Thomas 133 

Faran, James J 133 

Fearing, Paul , 134 

Finck, William E 138 

Findlay, James 138 

Fislier, David 138 

Florence, Elias 140 

Fries , George 147 

Galloway, (Samuel 149 

Garfield, James A 150 

Gaylord, James M 151 

Gazley, James W 151 

Giddings, Joshua R 153 

Goode, Patrick G 156 

Goodeuow, John M 156 

Green, F^rederick VV 100 

Griswold, Stanley 103 

Groesbeck, William S 163 

Gurlev, John A 104 

Hall, Lawrence W 167 

Hamer, Thomas L 168 

Hamilton, CorneJius S 109 

Hamlin, Edward S 109 

Harlan, Aaron 173 

Harper, Alexander 174 

Harrison, John S 176 

Harrison, Richard A 176 

Harrison, William Henry 176 

Hastings, John 178 

Hayes, Rutherford B ISO 

Heimick, William 181 

Herrick, Samuel 185 

H itchcock. Peter 1S8 

Hoaglaud,' Moses 1S8 

Horton, Valentine B 194 

Howard, William 197 

Howell, E'ias l'./7 

llubbell, James R 199 

H unter, William F 202 

Hunter, William H : 203 

H utchins, J oliu 203 

11 utchins. Wells A 203 

Irvin, William W 204 

Jennings, David 209 

Johnson, ilarvey 11 210 

Johnson, John 211 

Johnson, Perley B 211 

Jolinsou, VViliium 212 

Jones, Benjamin 213 

Keunon, William 219 

Kerr, Joseph 2:0 

Kilbourn, James 221 

Kilgore, Daniel 221 

J^ahiii, Samuel 2J6 

Lawrence, William 231 

Lawrence, William 2-!2 

Leaiiuetter, D. P '^'-i-i 

Leaviit, llunxpiirey 11 233 

Le Uloud, Francis C 2 !3 

Letter, Benjamia F 236 

Lindsley, William D 231 

Long, Alexandria ^42 

Lytle, Robert T 246 

Martin, Charles D 260 

Mason, Samson 202 

Mathews, James 262 

Mathiot, Joshua 203 

McArthur, Duncan 247 

McC'auslen, William C ^48 

ilc Kiuuey, John ¥ 25J 

McLean, John 254 

McLean, William 254 

McLene, Jeremiah 254 

Medill, William 204 

Meigs, Return J 205 

Miller, John K 209 

Miller, Joseph 209 

Mitchell, Robert 27 1 

Moore, Heman A 273 

Moore, Oscar F 2r.;{ 

Morgan, George ^V 275 



616 



INDEX. 



Morris, Calvary 276 

Ii[onis, James R 277 

Morris, Jonathan D 277 

Jforris, Josepli 277 

Morris, Thomas 278 

Morrow, Jeremiah 278 

Mott, Kicliard 280 

Jfuhlenberff, Francis Samuel 280 

Mungen, William 281 

Newton, Eben , 285 

Nicholas, Matthias H 286 

Noble, Warren P 287 

Nugen, Robert H 288 

Olfls, Edson 15 290 

O'Neill, John 290 

Ta rrish , Isaac 296 

I'atterson, John 297 

Patterson, William 297 

Pendleton, George H 299 

Pendleton, Nathaniel Greene 299 

Perrill, Augustus h 300 

Plants, Tobias A 307 

Potter, Emery D 310 

]*ugh, George Ellis 314 

Riddle, Albert G 323 

Ilidgway, Joseph 324 

Kitchey, Thomas 324 

Root, Joseph M 329 

Knggles, Benjamin 331 

llussell, William 332 

Sapp, William R 335 

Sawyer, William 336 

iSclienck, Robert C 336 

Shannon, Thomas 342 

Shannon, Wilson 342 

Shellabarger, Samuel 343 

Sheplor, Matthias 344 

Sherman, John 344 

Shields, James 345 

Sloane, John 349 

Sloane, Jonathan 349 

Smith, John 352 

Spaulding, Rufus Paine 356 

Spangler, David 357 

Staiiberry, William 359 

Stanton, Benjamin 359 

Starliweather, David A 300 

St. John, Henry 365 

Stokely, Samuel 366 

Stone, Alfred P 366 

Storer, Bellamy 367 

Stuart, Andrew 369 

Swearingen, Henry 371 

Sweeny, George 372 

S weetzer, Charles 372 

Tappan, Benjamin 374 

Ta,\]or, John L 375 

Taylor, Jonathan 375 

Tlieaker, Thomas C 378 

'I'liomson, John 381 

Thurman, Allen G 382 

Titfin, Edward 382 

Tilden, Daniel R 382 

Tomkins, Cydnor B 383 

'J'ownsend, N. S 384 

Trimble, Cary A 386 

Trimble, William A 386 

Vallandigham, Clement L 391 

Vance, Joseph 392 

Van Metre, John J 393 

Van Trump, Philadelph 394 

Vintou, Samuel F 396 

AVade, Benjamin F 396 

Wade, Edward 396 

Watson, Cooper K 405 

Webster, Taylor 407 

Welch, John 407 

AVelker, Martin 407 

Weller, JohnB 408 

White, Chilton A ,• 411 

White, Joseph V\^ 412 

Whittlesey, Elisha 413 

"Whittlesey, William A 413 

AVMlson, John T 420 

Wilson, William 421 

Wood, Amos E 4i3 

Woods, John ; 425 

Worcester, Samuel T 425 

Wonliiiigton, Tliomas 426 

Wright, JolmC 426 



Oregon. 

Corbett, Henry W 94 

Grover, Lafiiyette 163 

Harding, Benjamin F 172 

Henderson, John H. D 182 

Lane, Joseph 228 

Mallory, Rufus 256 

McBride, John R 248 

Nesmith, James W 284 

Shiel, George K 345 

Smith, Delazno 3S0 

Stark, Benjamin 360 

Stout, Lansing 367 

Thurston, Samuel B 382 

•Williams, GeorgeH 415 

iPenxisylvaxiia. 

Addams, William 11 

Ahl, John A 11 

Allen, Andrew 12 

Allison, James , . . 14 

Allison, John 14 

Allison, Robert 14 

Ancona, Sydenham E 15 

Anderson, Isaac 16 

Anderson, Samuel 16 

Anderson, William 17 

Anthony, Joseph B 18 

Armstrong, James ID 

Ash, Michael W 20 

At Lee, Samuel John 22 

Babbitt, Elijah 23 

Baily, Joseph 24 

Baldwin, Henry 25 

Banks, John 26 

Barclay, David 27 

Bard, David 27 

Barker, Abraham A 27 

Barlow, Stephen 28 

Barnard, Isaac D 28 

Barnitz, Charles A 28 

Bayard, John 31 

Beatty, William 33 

Beaumont, Andrew 33 

Beeson, Henry W 34 

Bibighaus, Thomas M 37 

Biddle, Charles John 37 

Biddle, Edward 38 

Biddle, Richard 38 

Bidlack, Benjamin A 38 

Bigler, William 39 

Bingham, William , 39 

Binney, Horace.... 39 

Black, Henry 40 

Black, James 40 

Blair, Samuel S 41 

Blanchard, John 42 

Boden, Alexander 44 

Boude, Thomas 45 

Boudinot, Elias 45 

Boyer, Benjamin M 48 

Bradshaw, Samuel C 49 

Brady, Jasper E 49 

Breck, Samuel 50 

Bridges, Samuel A 51 

Brodhead, Richard 63 

Broom , J acob 64 

Broomall, John M 54 

Brown, Charles 65 

Brown, Jeremiah 65 

Brown, John 56 

Brown, Robert 56 

Buchanan, Andrew 68 

Buchanan, James , 68 

Bucher,Johu C 68 

Buckalew, Charles R 68 

Buffington, Joseph 59 

Burd, George 60 

Burnside, Thomas 62 

Butler, Chester 64 

Cadwalader, John 65 

Cadwallader, Lambert 66 

Cake, Henry L 66 

Calvin, Samuel 67 

Cameron, Simon 68 

Campbell, James H 63 

Campbell, JohnH 69 

Casey, Joseph 72 



INDEX. 



6ir 



Cliambers, George 75 

Cliaiidler, Joseph R 75 

Oliapinan, Henry 76 

Chapman, John 76 

Clark, M.S 81 

Clark, William 82 

Clarkson, Matthew 83 

Clay, Joseph 84 

Clingan, William 86 

CI vmer, George •. 87 

Coffroth, Alexander H 89 

Conrad, Frederick. .-. 92 

Conrad, John 92 

Cooper, James 93 

(hooper, Thomas B 94 

Coulter, Richard 95 

Covode, John 95 

( 'o wan, Edgar 95 

t'rawford, Thomas H 98 

Crawford, William 98 

Crouch, Edward 100 

Culver, Charles Vei-non 101 

Curtis, Carlton B loi 

Dallas, George Mifflin 104 

Banner, W. B 105 

Darlington, Edward 106 

Darlington, Isaac 106 

Darlington, William 106 

Danagh, Cornelius 106 

Davies, Edward 107 

Davis, John 108 

J )avis, Roger 109 

Davis, William M 109 

Dawson, John L 110 

Denison, Charles 113 

Dennison, George 113 

Denny, Harmer - 113 

1 )ewart, Lewis 114 

Dewart, William L 114 

Dick, John 114 

Dickey, Jesse C 115 

Dickey, John 115 

Dickinson, John (see Delaware) 115 

Dimniick, Milo M 116 

Dimmick, William H 116 

Diniock, Davis, Jr 116 

Drum, Augustus 121 

Eckert, George jST 124 

K(iie, John R 125 

Edwards, John 126 

Edwards, Samuel 126 

Ege, George 127 

Ellis, William C 128 

Erdman, Jacob 130 

Evans, Joshua 131 

Everhart, William 132 

E wing, John U 133 

I'arrelly, John W 133 

Farrelly, Patrick 133 

I'indlay, John 138 

lindlay, William 138 

Kindley, William 138 

Kinney, Darwin A 1^18 

Eitzsimons, Thomas 139 

Florence, Ihomas B 140 

Ford, James 142 

Fornance, Joseph 142 

Forrest, Tliomas 142 

Forward, Chaiincey 142 

Forward, Walter 143 

loster, Henry D 143 

Franklin, Benjamin 145 

Freedley, John 145 

Frey, Joseph 147 

Frick, Henry 147 

Fry, Jacob, Jr 147 

Fuller, George 147 

Fuller, Henry M 147 

Fullerton, Da\ld 148 

( iaibraith, John 148 

Gallatin, Albert 149 

Galloway, Joseph 149 

(iamble, James 149 

(iardner, Joseph 150 

Garvin, William S 151 

Gerry, James 152 

Getz, J. Lawrence 153 

G illis, J ames L 154 

Gilmore, Alfred 155 

Gilmore, John 155 

Glasgow, Hugh 155 

G lomuger, J obn 155 



Glossbrenner, Adam J 155 

Green, Innis 160 

Gregg, Andrew ■, ... 161 

Griffin, Isaac 162 

Gross, Samuel 163 

Grow, Galusha A 1(54 

Gustine, Amos 164 

Hahn, J ohn 105 

Hale, James T 105 

Hall, Chapin 106 

Hamilton, John \m 

Hammond, Robert H 170 

Hampton, Moses 170 

Hand, Edward 171 

Hanna, John A 171 

Harper, Francis J 174 

Harper, James 174 

Harris, Robert 175 

Harrison, S. S 176 

Hartley, Thomas 177 

Hays, Samuel L 180 

Heister, Daniel 181 

Heister, Daniel 181 

Heister, John 181 

Heister, Josepli 181 

Heister, William 181 

Hemphill, Joseph 182 

Henderson, Joseph . . .' 182 

Henderson, Samuel 183 

Henry, Thomas 184 

Henry, AVilliam .- 184 

Hibshman, Jacob 185 

Hickman, John 185 

H iester, Isaac Ellmaker ISfi 

H ill, Thomas 187 

Hoge, John 190 

Hoge, William 190 

Hook, Enos 192 

Hopkinson, Joseph — 194 

Horn, Henry 191 

Hornbeck, J ohn W 194 

Hostetter, Jacob 194 

Howe, John W 197 

H o we, Thomas M 197 

Hubley, Edward B 199 

Humphreys, Charles 200 

Humphreys, Jacob 200 

Hyneman, John M 20^ 

Ihiie, Peter 203 

Ingersoll, Charles J 203 

Ingersoll, Jared 204 

Ingersoll, Joseph R 204 

Ingham, Samuel D 204 

Irvin, Alexander 204 

Irvin, James 204 

Irvine, William 204 

Irwin, .Tared 205 

Irwin, Thomas 205 

Irwin, William W 205 

Jack, William 205 

Jackson, David 206 

Jacobs, Israel 207 

James, Francis '. 207 

Jenkins, Robert 209 

Jenks, Michael H 209 

Johnson, Philip 211 

Jones, J. Glancy 213 

J ones, Owen 214 

Jones, William 215 

Junkin Benjamin T 215 

Keim, George May 216 

Keim, William H 216 

Kelly, William D 217 

Kell v, James 217 

Kerf, John 219 

Killinger, John W 221 

King, Henry 222 

Kittera, John W 224 

Kittera, Thomas 224 

Klingensmith, John, Jr 224 

Knight, Jonathan 225 

Koontz, William H 226 

Krebs, Jacob 226 

Kremer, George 226 

Kuhns, Joseph H 226 

Kunkel, J ohn C 226 

Kurtz, William H 226 

Lacock, Abner 226 

Landy, James 227 

Laporte, John 220 

Lawrence, George V 231 

Lawrence, Joseph 231 



618 



INDEX. 



Lazear, Jesse c 232 

Loet, Isaac 2:!5 

Lefi'vie, .loscpli 235 

I.eluiiiui, Williiuii E 235 

Lc-ilj, Micluicl ^3(5 

I.eib, Owtii D 23() 

Leidy, Paul SiO 

Leiper, George G 23(5 

Levin, Lewis C 237 

Logan, George 241 

Logan, Henry 241 

Longuecker, lleuryC 'Zi'i 

Lower, Christian 244 

liOwrie, Walter 244 

Lucas, John 15. C ■ 244 

Lyle, AaroU' 245 

Maclanahan, James X 247 

Machiy, Wniniiel 247 

Maclay, William 247 

Mttclay, AVilliani 247 

Maclay, AVilliani P 247 

Mann, Job 257 

Mann, Joel K 257 

Marchaml, AlbertG 257 

Blarchand, David 257 

Marklev, Pliilip S 258 

Marks, "William 258 

Miur, Alem ■ 258 

Miillaek, I'tmothy 203 

McAllister, Archibald 247 

Mc( lean, Woses 248 

Mci:ieuachan, lUair 248 

McClene, James 248 

McCoy, Robert 249 

McCreedy, William 241) 

Mcculloch, George 249 

McCulloch, John 249 

McCnlloch, Thomas G 249 

Mcllvaine, Abraham R 251 

Melvoan, Samuel 252 

McKennan, Thomas M. T 252 

McKentv, Jacob K 252 

McKnight, Robert , 253 

McN air, John 254 

McPherson, Kdward 254 

McSlierry, James 255 

Mcrcur, Ulysses 2()() 

Meredith, .^amiiel 206 

Mirtdleswarth, Ner 2(i7 

Mifflin, Thomas 2()7 

Miller, Daniel II 2()8 

Miller, George F 2(18 

Miller, Jesite 2(i8 

Miller, William II 2()9 

Millward, John 270 

Millward, William - 270 

Mil nor, James 270 

Milnor, William 270 

Miner, Charles 270 

Mite lell, James S 270 

Mitchell, .lohn 270 

Moiit.i,'()i!icry, Daniel, Jr 272 

Llontgoiiiery, John G 272 

Montgomery, Joseph 272 

Montgomery, William 272 

Montgomery, William 272 

Moore, Henry D 272 

Moore, Kobert 273 

Moore, iSnnmel 273 

Jloorehead, James Kennedy ;J73 

M oirell, 1 )aniel J 275 

Morris, Charles 27(5 

M orris, Edward Joy ". 'J7(5 

Morris, Matliias 277 

Morris, Robert 277 

Morris, Samuel W 277 

Morrison, John A 278 

Morton, John 279 

Muhlenberg, Frederick Augustus 280 

Muhlenberg, Henry Augustus 280 

Muhlenberg, Henry Augustus 281 

Muhlenberg, John Peter Gabriel 281 

Murray, John 282 

MuiTay, Thomas 282 

Myers, Amos 282 

Myers, Leonard 283 

Naylor, Charles 283 

Nea, Henrv 284 

Newhard, Peter 285 

Ogle, Alexander 289 

Ogle,AndrewJ 289 

O&le, Vhnvivs,.,..,,, 289 



O'Neill, Charles 290 

Orr, Robert 291 

Packer, Asa 293 

Parker, Andrew 295 

Patterson, Thomas 297 

Patton, John 297 

Pawling, Levi 297 

Pay nter, Lemuel 298 

Pearce, .lohu J 298 

Peters, Richard » 300 

Pettlt, Cluirles 301 

Petriken, David 301 

Phillips, Henry M 303 

Phillips, John 303 

Philson, Robert 303 

Pilier, William 300 

I'itman, Charles AV 307 

Phinier, Arnold 307 

I'himor, George 307 

Pollock, James 308 

Porter, John 310 

Potter, William W 311 

I'otts, David, Jr 311 

Pugh, John 314 

Purviance, Samuel A 314 

Ramsay, Robert 31(5 

Ramsey, William 316 

Ramsey, William S 316 

Randall, Samuel J 316 

Rea, John 318 

Read, Almon H 318 

Read, J 319 

Reed, Charles M 319 

Reed, Jn i.ph 320 

Reed, UdhertR 320 

Reilly, Wilson 320 

Reily, Luther 320 

Rhodes, Samuel 321 

Richards, Jacob 322 

RIchiirds, John 322 

Richards, iNlatthias 322 

Ritchie, David 324 

Ritter, John r... 324 

Robbins, John, Jr 325 

Roberdean, Daniel 325 

Roberts, Anthony E 325 

Roberts, Jonathan 326 

Robison, David F 327 

lUidman, William ,327 

Rogers, Tlionms J 328 

Ross, George 330 

Ross, James 330 

Ro!-s, John 330 

Ross, Thomas 330 

Ross, Thomas R 330 

Rush, Benjamin 332 

Russell, James M 332 

Russell, L. Samuel 332 

Say, Benjamin 336 

Scliuarts, John 337 

Si'odeld, ( Jlenni W 337 

Scott, John 338 

Scott, Thomas 338 

Scranton, George W 338 

Searle, J ames 338 

Sergeant, John 340 

Seyhert, Adam 341 

Shcllcr, Daniel 343 

Shipiien, William 345 

Sill, Thomas H 346 

Simonton, William 347 

Sitgreaves, Samuel 348 

Slay maker, Amos 348 

Smiiic, John 349 

Sniith, (ieorge 350 

Smilh, Isaac 351 

Sniilh, .lames 351 

Smith, Jdhn T 352 

Krnilli, Jonathan U 353 

Sniilh, Sanaicl 353 

Sndlh, Samuel A 353 

Smith, 'I'homas 353 

Smith, Thomas 353 

Snyder, J ohn 355 

Spangler, Jacob 357 

St. Clair, Artliur 300 

Stephens, Philander 362 

Stephenson, James S 362 

Sterigere, John B 3(53 

Stevens, Thaddeus 363 

Stewart, Andrew 36!t 

btewart, John., ..••• 3(ii 



INDEX. 



G19 



Stewart, William 364 

Stiles, John U 304 

Straub, Cluistiau M 3(18 

Strohm, .John 3(58 

Strong, William 3(i9 

Strouse, >1 yer 3(>'.) 

Sturgeon, ijanicl 370 

Sutherland, Joel B 371 

Swannick, John 371 

'J'annehill, Adamson 374 

'J'arr, Christian 374 

Taylor, Caleb N 374 

Taylor, George 374 

Thayer, M. Russell 378 

'J'honias, Kichard 379 

Thompson, James 380 

Thomson, Alexander 381 

Todd, John 383 

Todd, Lemuel : 383 

Toland, George W 383 

Tracy, H. W 384 

Trout, Michael C 3SG 

Tyson, Job K 389 

Udree, Daniel 3'JO 

Van Auken, Dennis M 391 

Van Home, Espy 393 

Van Home, Isaac 393 

Verree,John T 395 

Wagener, D. D 397 

Wallace, James M 400 

Wallace, John W 4n0 

Wain, Robert 400 

Watmough, John G 405 

Wavne, Isaac 405 

Westbrook, John 409 

White, Allison 411 

Whitehill, James 412 

Whitehill, John 412 

Whitehill, Robert 412 

Whiteside, John 412 

WilUins, William 414 

Williams, Thomas 417 

Willing, Thomas 418 

Wilmot, David 418 

Wilson, Henry 419 

Wilson, J ames 419 

Wil son, J ames 419 

Wilson, Stephen F 420 

Wilson, Thomas 420 

Wilson, William 421 

Witte, William H 422 

Wolf, George 423 

Wood, John 423 

Woods, John 425 

Woodward, George W 425 

Worman, Ludwig 425 

Wright, Hendrick li .426 

W u r t z , J o h n 428 

Wynkoop, Henry 428 

Yost, J acob S • 429 

Hhode Island. 

Allen, Philip 13 

Anthony, Henry B 17 

Arnold, J onathan 20 

Arnold, Lemuel H 20 

Arnold, I'clcg 20 

Arnold, Samuel G • ^0 

Baker, Caleb 24 

Boss, John L 45 

Bourne, Benjamin 40 

Bradford, William 48 

Brayton, William D 50 

Brown, John 56 

Browne, George H 66 

Burgess, Tristam 60 

Burrill, James 63 

Champlin, Christopher G 75 

Clarke, John H 82 

Collins, John 90 

Cornell, Kzckiel 94 

Cranston, Henry Y 97 

Cranston, Robert B 97 

Davis, Thomas 109 

De Wolfe, James 114 

Dixon, Nathan F 117 

Dixon, M athan F 117 

Durfee, Job 122 

Durfec, Nathaniel B ; *. 123 

Eddv, Samuel 124 

Ellei-y, Christopher 128 



Ellery, WilHam 128 

Fenner, James 1:15 

Foster, Theodore 144 

Francis, John B 145 

Greene, Albert C 160 

Greene, Ray KiO 

Hazard, Jonathan ISO 

H azard, Nathaniel 180 

Hojjkins, Stephen 193 

H owell, David 197 

Howell, Jeremiah B 197 

Rowland, Benjamin 197 

Hunter, William 202 

Jackson, Richard, Jr 206 

James, Charles T 207 

Jenckes, Thomas A 20S 

King, George G '. 222 

Knight, Nehemiah 225 

Knight, Nehemiah R 225 

Malbone, Francis 256 

Manning, James 257 

Marchant, H enry 257 

Mason, James B 261 

Mathewson, Ellsha ^ 263 

Miller,Nathan 269 

Jlowry, Daniel, Jr 280 

Pearce, Dutee J 298 

Potter, Elisha R 310 

Potter, l<:iisha, R., Jr 310 

Potter, Samuel J 311 

Robbins, Asher 325 

Robinson, Christopher 326 

Shaw, Henry M 342 

Sheffield, William P 343 

Simmons, James F 346 

Spnigue, William 358 

Sprague, William 358 

Stanton, Joseph 360 

Thurston, Benjamin B 382 

Tillinghast, Joseph L 382 

'lillinghast, Thomas 382 

Vnrnum, James M 394 

W^ard, Samuel 402 

Wilbur, Isaac 414 

SoTxtlx Cax'oliixa. 

Aiken, William 11 

Alston, Lemuel J 15 

Ashmore, .John D 21 

Barnwell, Robert 28 

Barnwell, R. W 28 

Bee, Thomas. 34 

Bellinger, Joseph 35 

Benton, Samuel 36 

Beresford, Richard 36 

Black, James A 40 

Ulair, James 41 

Bonham, Milledge L 44 

Boyce, William W 47 

Brevard, James 61 

Brooks, Preston S 64 

Hull, John .''9 

Burke, Edanus 60 

IJurt, Armstead 63 

Butler, Andrew Pickens 63 

Butler, Pierce 64 

Butler, Samson H 64 

Butler, William 64 

Butler, William 65 

Caldwell, Patrick C 66 

Calhoun, John C 66 

(■alhoun, John E 67 

Calhoun, J oseph 67 

Campbell, John 6!) 

Campbell, Robert B 69 

Campbell, Thomas F 69 

Carter, John 71 

t^asey , Levi • • • "2 

Chappell, John J 77 

Chestnut, James, Jr 78 

Cheves, Langdou 78 

(Jlowney, W. K 87 

Colcock, William F 89 

Davis, Warren R 109 

De Saussure, William F 114 

Drayton, William 120 

Drayton, Willinra Henry 120 

Karie, Elias 1~S 

Earle, J ohn B 123 

Earle, Samuel 12:i 

Elmore, Franklin Harper li» 



620 



JND EX. 



Brvin, Svoif-t 190 

Jbvai-^. Jx. irj K XiX 

h- ■ I, Jr Ui 

}- i'>la« Wi 

J; .'1 va 

rt:W»^i, JoJiu M i;{5 

Ct«di»(l«?u, ','tiriistoj>Uer>..-> ..- ...-- J4>( 

ChtiJlard, J'jiiu ..,«,....««. H>i 

Oervaiii, Joljii J> ..,,.,«.<«.M.<<.... Wi 

tiiU'm, Ah- x.-d.tx4»r .......*»»...»» 104 

<iiel, .\i)mu\\ ., 153 

GwurdJa, 'ih«;odyre- , ,.,......,. VPi 

Ovran, A- II - 10>< 

0>'<JVMju, VViliiaiu J. ...«..<«.<«.»«..«. «<...... 10'^ 

^•' Jolju K. \ffl 

v.jit Jaiu«5» UL 170 

i) ■' ; VII, \\wi>i 17J 

Hii.>iJ':r, Vi'jIlwiU .............^.... ........ 174 

H a vu«!, Arthur F ^ Iso 

Wii.iiv. Kv;>.-rty , , IHO 

il- u\Mi. 1% 

I! i: i»4 

i' nil) ..,.^.. V.¥i 

If ^ IW 

ii lillivt \'^ 

II XOl 

J1u!.,oii, iXi<;iiiU-(L'. >.<<..'«....'>. <»•<>><<.... '.^'j:i 

|i!»r'i, Kalpli - ,.„,,.<»,.. Z<Ji5 

K«;aii, Jyliu ,-..-. Zl« 

K«-itt, J>awr<;no«Ji(...,..<<.i,.. ...,«,«..„ '^\7 

Ktrtiliuw, Julii) ,,>,<,.<,,..«.,,<.„..,.<.. Zii) 

Kii>loi;li, Jraucin ...«.<„.>«.«.«<>... Zi.i 

Iji»uii,-ii*, H<iiry ZV) 

L«];ai<;, lluirli ^w\uUm ........................ Za 

I^VWIirli-M, 'J'lir^liltt!-.,. .,.,....,.,,.«....>,.,.... ^4 

JyVW !!(]•;>«. WilliaMl....,,.,.<.<„.,,,.,.,...,,.. i!44 

I>>'u<;li, 'l'li'>tiiaj« Wi 

SjywiU, '\'U<ini\i*, Jr.. .................... ....... 'ilMi 

Maiiiiiii)(, lci<;fiarcl J.,..>...»,..«,#<<««....... a!(«7 

Marlon, l;.^l>.T( ,...., .,.. ZOS 

Maillii, Williiiio J>.. ...,,..,«,«., .*,,.>....,... Z«l 

>JaUlii»i!,.J«liii ...,.....,,,.,..«,..,«,«,,.,... a«3 

Mayrant, U'llliatu. .....<...><.«....<..<. ..««... 'il^A 

Muf.'ffury, Jijhu ...,,...,.,.,,.«,,,<.,,<«,.,... ^u 

Wcl>utt)»-. (jiorg*! ,,.,.,,>,>.,.,..,,.. i«»0 

MijfJuicn, Jyliu .,.,<>„, MX. .<><<«.«..>.>. ^4 

Xcllt-a^ V, J uiiK-.ij...... ...«..<«.,.«, <«<«,<»..... ',^00 

Wi-Jrjii-ioi), Arthur aW 

Mld'HHyii, niiiry aO? 

«lfj'Jl<-t,<.ii, II.-i)ry -M? 

itiU-f, V,'.l';r<tUi-r 'iXM 

jMiiwi, >sti-ijh.-ii j> -zm 

Wit.,,. II \UuhiumM.. JJ7) 

>i ^ !f7;j 

w 'Mi 

>■ 11 'ZM 

JS.'gLl, Ahi.iuxim. .............................. WH 

1Ju.;koll)«, VV'Hllaiu C....,,,,.,....... .,„,->.•. WH 

^^rr, .ttLUf'n L — ....,,.,.>,....,.>,..,,.,..... Wl 

ih'trMn-M, Juuiui! ............................. 2'JZ 

l'»rk<-r, .hAiii Wft 

I'kkcMj!, Aii'lnfW ......,...,,,..,.,.,.,,..,,... ;iii4 

Fhjki'uti, )'iaii<!li! W .,.,.».,..,....,,.-. :io4 

}'iui;kiu'y,< 'harl<)ij ............................. W^i 

jn>i<:ku<'y, If. I. ;iU(i 

Jtuokix^y, 'j'hutiuw>.>.«<. ..,<«<.. .><<<«<«<>.... 'MIX) 

Pvliiwitt, J<iil U. ..,..,,>,,.. ,«..,.,.>.,,« -.m 

|'r»-btoi), Willlaiu i', ........................... ;n3 

Kaiiinay, David ...,,...,.,,,..,,....,..,, .'iio 

Ittfttd, JjMwh -.m 

ttltHt, ItuUrtJlariiw^lL... ......... «.......«. 'in 

|,{l(;liai'<l>iuii, Juliu V...... ......,,,..,,, .,,.,,§■ Wi 

jl{i<:Uur'lHvii, .luhu H......... ........... ........ 3'^:! 

li<>X<-i>, .laiiK-x ..........'.«............,.....>. :)'.j8 

»igU.dK<-, JvJwurd.. ;«3 

ItuiUiigi-. ,(<>iiM.., ...................... ...... :m 

it^tiiikiiiH, )';idi'f4 ............................... :{4iJ 

l»liiil>H<;ii, J<i<'.hai'd K, .......................... »47 

litiiiii', Ali-xiiiid<-i J> ........................... :M7 

tSluj/'U'toii, 'I'lii^iuuis l),,.,t.t.. ........ ...... p.. '<m 

^utUh, Wjlliuiii. ............................... :j04 

Ipiiulth Williutii, ....... ............ ............ 364 

l^utiiU't, I li</iiia«. ............................... 371 

(SuuiNr, 'lliwinaij !>.........................••... 371 

'f»yl«r, .J.jhii 375 

Thviiii'Bvii, VVaddy ........... ..».. J... ....'.< 3«1 

'IVaiiitrr, I'uiil ......„,.„,..tttis....... 3X$ 

fu<:ki-r, HarliuK ...,,„, „,ttt,^t,^...... '^7 

'i'uckir, Thotiiiiit 'i'.,. ,..,.., ...,.,,, „,„,,,.., :iH4 

WttlliK^-, Jiaiilia ,............../^........, 4<J« 

Milliu^.i.i,, iJuvldft,,..................*........ 4)& 

HUauu, Juliit .«.4.«........ f'M 



\rJther«poon, Iiolj«rt 4?2 

Woodward, .J'»>«i[)h A 4'^ 

Woodward, Wiliium iiS 

Wyuu, UicUard 4'^ 

Tenn e»s»*ee. 

Adams, Geor^*; M 10 

At>;xaud<;r, A'iaui ii.... I'i 

Allen, Jiot..«;rt 13 

A ttd'-r»ion, A lexau'ier 15 

Aud>frtiou, .loKi^jjh 10 

Aiidfrhoii, Joi>«-p)j M ... W 

Ar0.|l,H.M 19 

Arnold, 'I'hoiuaK 1>... 20 

At(h<^,.Johu IJ ao 

Alkium, .lohu JJ. C. Zl 

Aviary, William T 22 

hurmw, WashiuKton Z9 

lt.n, .John .' 34 

jjla<;kw.|l,.juliu» W 41 

Hlttir, .lohti 41 

IJlount, William 43 

lilouut, William O 43 

Jiou'-ii, ./ohtt II 49 

iJraljKou, UnHi^H H 48 

Jirldjf<;i<, (ititjri^n W 01 

Brow'u, Aarou V... £4 

Hrowij, Mllt<>u , M 

Jirvatj, lli'iiry H... 07 

IJuVk, KoU;rtM 69 

Jiuiicli, hamu<;l 60 

Huil'Tji. H 64 

<'auiijf>*-ll, Jirookfu« 6$ 

(JaiiipOrll, (;i-,org»: W.. 69 

(Jaiiiph<-ll, Thoiiiaii ./......,.......... 69 

(;Biiiijh'-ll, William » 69 

(;aiiiioii, Avwtoii 79 

f;arl*-r, William U 7i 

(■arutln'r>i, Kolj<-rt L. .......................... 72 

Chai>«-. l.u<;l<-n IJ 77 

Ch<-a( ham , lilchard ....,.....,.....,,.,.. 7$ 

CMiiir<;l)W.-jl, William M tlO 

<;laihortii', 'riioiiia« §0 

f,'laltjorin>, William (;. (;. (g««j /.ouiiifittui) fjO 

<;l«'iiwi)fK, Alidr<?w J 89 

(>>ck«-, .loll ri 6V 

Co'k.^ William S» 

<;o<;k<', Wflllam M 09 

<yOOp<'r, Mmuiid. ........................ ...... 9$ 

<;ro<kiil, l>avld. ............................... lOQ 

Oock.-lt, .loliii W 100 

OozUr, .loliii H MO 

(.'ull<>iii, Alvaii. ................................ 101 

<;ultom, Wllliaui..... ,.,.,.........,.... ....... 101 

l>«-»htt, JO^h<rt IJi 

l>l<;klii«oii, iMvld W..,.......„,.. 115 

l>l<k«ori, William 110 

Ixiiilap, W'illtamC 122 

i-:aioii, .lohu II 184 

l';Uiii'idK<;. Km<<niou............... ............ 1^1 

fvwItix.Aiidrtw 133 

KwliPK, Ivlwln H ......,,..,..,.......,,... 133 

l-ll/K'-rald, William............................ 139 

I'orri^hUT, .lohii H 142 

KohU-r, Kphrulmil... ..,....,......, ,,„,,...,. 143 

Fowl.r,.;. K ,.........,...,......,., 144 

G'-iilrv, M<i.'.dU(l 1'... 1« 

Gniiidv, I'Vlix ....,.........,,,....,.,........, 104 

Hall, William....,..,,,...,.,........,...,,.... 160 

ilairU, ixliam <j.. ....,,,.,..,. ,,.....,,,,,.,., 179 

ilaiitx, 'I'homHX K. .•.......•.>,..,....,,,,..,, 170 

Ha^k.ll, WmiuiuT.. ..................... ...... 177 

Hattoii, Kohfrt 170 

llawkliiM, Ivuac U.. ,...,,..,,,,.....,,..,.,.,,, 179 
ll>'iid< THOU, Ji<iiii<-U li„. .,,.,,,...,..,,,,,,.,, 10S( 

mil, llii/h I.. W .,..^... .„..,.., ...,.,., 100 

HoKj/!, i*'iiiimi-l .,.,,,.,,.,,,,.,,,,,..,,,, 100 

lluiiiphii-yij, I'l-rry W, ,,„.,.....,...,,,„.,,, 200 

lluiil>miiii, Adum ........,,......,.,,,,...,... 209 

liiK<% William W.. ............ ,,„,...,,,..,,.. 009 

l»a<;kii, Jtt<ioh </'.,....,,...,,..«,......,,,,,.,., 200 

Jui^kMon, Aiidrt'W. ....,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,.,.,,,,,,, tJQO 

t<ania|irlii, h|j<'uis«<r.. ,.,.,..,,.>....,.....,,.,., 2Qf 

Johiihoii, Andrew ......,,,.„,.,,,,,,,..,..,., fHOt 

JoliiiBoii^ ''avi!. ...,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,„,,,,, 2)0 

.loiii-M, i'rauoln ,>..,,,,,,„,,,.,,...,,,,,,,,,., 219 
.lom'H, (JiiorKf W, ,,,,.«,...,...,.,,.,.,>...,,, 219 
JoiMiH, .fumfii C. .,,,,,..,...,.,,,,,,, ,.,..,,,. 2R 

lAa, l/ukf .,,..,,..,.,,„,,„,,,,,„„„, ^ 

J.<-a, J'rvor.......,,.,,,, ,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,, fin 

i.«ri witch, JoliU W. ..>.....,,....,,„.„.,.,» m 



IXD EX. 



6?l 



lf«r»bl«. John H S57 

Slirr. ^;t-o-c\> \V. l„............ ..»,....» ■St? 

^' aeu 

"> .' 363 

> :iW 

^ Ltt 3ft« 

^ S33 

L ae» 

>^ii, sr« 

s »i 

N lasA.R. 3*» 

> VvtrvdO-P^ aw 

> V — ass 

:ivM r 3»e 

V 3e* 

h n as 

~ Ivuo^ ............................ 3ft^ 

iH SOU 

cl «l 

esM S« 

,s S» 

-uesB. sal 

3S1 

AS SS 

es T S35 

H 335 

im r ;... 3SW 

ist;^ NorthCaroUiia) SsW 

■.?wrJ 3(i5 

S» 

vtA 353 

uH 3S5 t 

33S) 

P 360 

^ ;; »» 1 

, \vi::idiu ser i 

-. NathauielG ST* 

;<*, l>. B STS 

.-»#. Isaacu .....^.............. 8?!* I 

1 .'HS. J»iue$ Uoustoa 379 [ 

i ■.'■;. 'ie. Johu SjSS i 

Tui-K-v. Uot>kiu# L S5*S 1 

Watfcius, Allvrt 0. *» ; 

>Vt»ttersoii, H,u-\ov M -WS j 

Weaklev. Kobvrt ." 406 

Wharton. J esse 409 

>Vhic>*. Hufh Law$OB 411 '• 

■White. James 4H I 

Wlntt'suie. Jenkins 412 ( 

>ViUiani$. Christopher U....... ................ 415 



>Vill\ti 



.John. 



4l« 



Williatus.J<»sej,>h L 416 

■XVriyht. John V *» 

ZolIiwAfer. FelixK 4^) 



ITcams. 



Bell. IVterll... ....... 

r.r>an, C.iiy M 

K> :<ns, l.eumel l>. ... 
Ill'" ItOH. Auilrew J. 
H.c' rkUi, James,... 



SS 

5? 

ISJ 

1*59 

169 

He aiil, John ISiSi 

Hi :i A-rsou, J. Huckney I&J 

IK'Li-^tkUi.^am 19S 

Uouvint, Volnev K 19? 

K I ;tuiu. l>avM 5i ai« 

r S -rv. rimothv SOtt 

,1.. John U." 319 

-- I'lwmasJ SSJ 

^. '. Uioharvisou 33:$ 

Miuiii, (.ieor^> W 3S5 

Wanl. HatthW.... 403 

Wigtall, Lewis! 414 

AMin. Henian IS 

V U'l. lleiuan 13 

lvi:;\a, rtiouMs, Jr 30 

i;.i\ .1. IVrtus 31 

r.:.( ;\\. Stephen K 49 

i;,.i..,.v, William 49 

lii'.-tuu'ril, l.awreuutt L 49 

Uuck, l>auiel del 

Buck. Paiiiel Axru A 6(> 



ButK 



«4 

(.'ah«^K>u. William CtS 

v'liautberUtiu, Willi^u.... 74 

n»;ise. IHuit.y 77 

Oliipmau, Uaniel 79 

CUipuiau, >«alUaui«l.... ....................... 79 



Ohitrenden. Xartta..»............. ............. 7t 

Coilaiuer. Jal.^.1^ ....^«..>.h..,........«.«...«..^.. 9)1 

Cwtts. >aui'a*l C M 

IVtti'u^, IV'vJatnto Fi ......................... ttii 

l>i:;uii£.xa!u. ThuI. Jr. IW 

Kdiuiuuis. (.ieorjpf F. .......................... tSS 

Eilioc, James tJS 

lAcrvrt. llora« l*i 

I'isiv. J.Hmes ., 159 

Flercaer Isaaw ^... tW 

t\ -non HI 

y- .*. !«' 

t- am l!*l 

}■ «»..... 1^4 

V -^ r « u?» 

t- athaaH*. KA$ 

I- in »1 

f ;tlU ..^ «« 

K »>r 

J. ir *)tf 

Kt, .--. i::..as iJ9 

Laiixvlou. Chaiuicr ^SS 

Iv. I \<.i 5t*S 

I w (s«« KiMtiKfcyt ^IKJ 

^ uC *» 

>i es aj$ 

Mars •-. LUonw P :»3!t 

Mattvvks. John -iiKi 

Meaoham. James.............................. ^^$4 

Meecli. Kara «* 

Mluer. Atiituaa L ^7* 

Morrill, Justing tr« 

Morris. Lewis K :!f77 

Xiles, Nathatuel ......'..... 3S« 

Noves. ,T..rui «S« 

aw 

i^ «0 

1 '■ "... . ...... .... ... "W'J 

Val ur, w uia"m*AV"^"*^*.""""*^^.*"^" t94 

IVefc. Lueius B *»* 

I'helps, Si.-uuuelS 303 

IVlaml. Luke F 3tt* 

lYeutiss. ^tuueL. .................. ........... ol'j 

Kioh. Charles 3Si 

KioUiirxis. Mark 323 

Kobiusoa, Jouathaa... ........................ 3:^ 

Kobtusou. Mose<$ S:? 

Hovve, Hoiuer E 331 

!*at>in. Alvah 333 

t»eymour, Horatio.............................. 341 

^haw. Samuel 343 

Skinuer. Kiohanl... ........................... 34$ 

5>la«.ie. William 34iJ 

jiuiith. Israel 831 

5»mith, John 35:i 

^mith. Worthin^t^Mt C. 3$4 

:>trv>ti^. William 3i^ 

^witt^ Benjamin............................... 37^ 

Tictu-uor, Isaac 85«J 

Truev, .\ndrew ................................ i>5i4 

I'phiim. William 3iK> 

Wales, iJeorxe K 3i>S 

Wj»ltou, K. P. 4tX> 

White. rhinta$. ...... .................. ....... 4U 

Witherell. James id 

Woovlbrivl^. b>eilerickK. 4^4 

\ouu^. Augustus 4^ 

Adttms. Thomas It 

Alexauiier, Mark W 

Allen, John J IS 

Allen. Kobert H 

Arvher. Willi.-»m S 19 

Arniscrv>n^. William........................... 19 

Atkinson. .Vrvliihald « 

Austin. Arvhibalvi « 

Averett, I'homas H 84 

Viiker. John & 

B.HI!. William Lee S» 

Banister. John tS$ 

Hanks. Linn Sift 

Barlvur. James ............................... 87 

B.arlK>ur. John S 87 

Biirhi'ur. Thilip l" 87 

Barton, Kioharvl W. ........................... 30 

Bassett. Burwell ........................... 3l> 

Ba>lv, nu>mas Henry......................... 33 

Bayley, Thomsis .U • »» 

Beale^ James M. U.. ............. .............. $t 

UetUe, K. L. 1 «i 



622 



INDEX. 



Bedinger, TTenry 34 

Bierne, Andrew 38 

Blair, Jacob i>. (see West Virginia) 41 

Bland, Theodoric 42 

Bland, Richard 42 

Bocock, Thomas S 44 

Boteier, Alexander R 43 

Botts, John M 45 

Bouldin, James W — 45 

Bouklin, Thomas T 45 

Bouden, Lemuel J 40 

Braxton, -Barter 50 

Breckinridge, James 60 

Brent, Richard 51 

Brown, John 5(5 

Brown, William G. (see West Virginia) 56 

Burwell, William B ; C3 

Cabell, Samuel J 65 

Capcrton, Hugh 70 

Carlile, John S 70 

Cariinston, Edward 71 

Cary, George B 73 

Caskie, John S 74 

Chapman, Augustus A 76 

Chilton, Samuel 78 

Chinn, Joseph W 79 

Claiborne, John 80 

Claiborne, Nathaniel H 80 

Claiborne, Thomas 80 

Clark, Christopher 80 

Clay, Matthew 84 

Clemens, Sherrard 85 

Clopton, John 86 

Coke, Richard 89 

Coles, Isaac 90 

Coles, Walter 90 

Colston, Kdward 91 

Craig, Robert 97 

Crump, George W 100 

Davenport, Thomas 107 

JDaw^ou, John 109 

De Jarnette, Daniel C 112 

Doddridge, Philip 118 

Draper, .J oseph 120 

Drumgoole, George C 121 

Kdmundsou, Henry A 125 

Kggleston, Joseph 127 

Eppes, John W 130 

Estill, Benjamin 1:U 

Evans, Thomas 132 

Faulkner, Charles J. 134 

i'itzhugh, William 139 

Fleming, William 140 

Flournoy , Thomas S 140 

Floyd, Jolui 140 

Fulton, Andrew S 148 

Fulton, John H 148 

Garhmd, David S 150 

Garland, J auies 150 

Garnett, .) aines M 150 

Garnett, Muscoc R. H , 150 

Garnett, Robert S 15 ) 

Gholson, James H 152 

Ghol.<on, Thomas 152 

Giles, William Biance 153 

Gilmer, Thomas W 154 

Goggiu, William L 155 

Goode, Samuel 156 

Goode, \Villiam 156 

Goodnin, I'eterson 157 

Gordon, William F 158 

Gray, Edward 159 

Gray, John C 159 

Grayson, William 159 

Grittiii, Cyrus 161 

Gritiin, Samuel I(i2 

Grifiin, Tliomas 162 

Hancock, George 171 

Hardy, Samuel 173 

Harris, John T 175 

Harris, William A 176 

Harrison, Benjamin 176 

Harrison, Carter B 176 

Harvie, John 177 

Hawes, Aylett 179 

Haymond, Thomas S ISO 

Hayes, Samuel .- ISO 

Heath, John 181 

Henry, James 183 

Henry, Patrick 184 

Hill, John 187 

Molladay, Alexander R 191 



Holleman, J6el 191 

Holmes, David (see Mississippi) 191 

Hopkins, George W 193 

Hobard, Edmund W 197 

Hungerford, John 200 

Hunter, Robert M.T 261 

Jackson, Edward B 206 

Jackson, John G 206 

Jefferson, Thomas 208 

Jenkins, Albert G 208 

Johnson, James 210 

Johnson, Joseph .*. 211 

Johnston, Charles C 212 

Jones, James 213 

Jones, John W 214 

Jones, Joseph 214 

Jones, Walter 214 

Kid well, Zedekiah 220 

Leake, Shelton F 233 

Lee, Arthur 233 

Lee, Francis Lightfoot 233 

Lee, Henry 234 

Lee, Richard Henry 234 

Lee, Richard Bland 234 

Lelfler, Isaac 235 

Lei twich, Jabez 235 

Leigh, Benjamin Watkins 236 

Letcher, John 236 

Lewis, Joseph, Jr 237 

Lewis, William J 237 

Lewis, Thomas 237 

Love, John 243 

Loyall, George 244 

Lucas, Edward 244 

Lucas, William 244 

Machir, James 246 

Madison, James 255 

Mallory, Francis 256 

Marrow, John, 258 

Marshall, John 259 

Martin, Elbert S 260 

Mason, Armistead Thomson 261 

Mason, James M 261 

Mason, John Y ^ 262 

Mason, Stevens Thomson 262 

]Maxwell, Lewis 263 

Mccarty, William M 248 

McCoy, William 249 

McComas, William 249 

McDowell, James 250 

McKinl-y, William 252 

McAIullen, Fayette 254 

Meade, Richard K 264 

Mercer, Charles Fenton 265 

Mercer, James 266 

Merrill, Orsamus C 266 

Millson, John S 269 

Monroe, James 271 

Moore, Andrew 272 

Moore, S.'McD 273 

Moore, Thomas S 273 

Morgan, Daniel 274 

Morgan, William S 275 

Morton, Jeremiah 279 

Nelson, Hugh 283 

Nelson, Thomas 284 

Nelson, Thomas M 2S4 

Nevell, Joseph 284 

Newman, Alexander 285 

Newton, Thomas 285 

Newton, Willoughby 285 

Nicholas, .Tohn 285 

Nicholas, Wilson C 285 

Page, John 293 

Page, Mann 293 

Page, Robert 293 

Parker, Josiah 295 

Parker, Richard 295 

Parker, Richard E 295 

Parker, Severn E 295 

Patton, John M 297 

Pegram, John 298 

Pendleton, Edmund 299 

Pendleton, John S 299 

Pennabacker, Isaac S 300 

Pindall, James 306 

Pleasants, James 307 

Powell, Alfred H .- 311 

Powell, Cuthbert 3U 

Powell, Levin '. 311 

Powell, Paulus 311 

Preston, Francis 312 



INDEX. 



623 



rreston, "William B 313 

Prvor, Roger A 314 

liandolpli, Edmund 317 

Randolph, Joliu, of Roanoke 317 

Randolph, I'eyton 317 

Randolph, Thomas M 317 

Rives, Francis E 321 

Rives, William C 325 

Roane, John 325 

Roane, John J 325 

Roane, John V 325 

Roane, William H 325 

Robertson, J ohn 326 

Rutherford, Robert 333 

Samuel, Green B 3::>4 

ISeddon, James A 339 

8egar, Joseph E 339 

Khefley , Daniel 343 

Smith, Arthur 350 

Smith, Ballard 350 

Smith, Jolin.... 351 

Smith, Merewetlier 352 

Smith, WiHiara 354 

Smith, William 354 

Smyth, Alexander 355 

Saodgrasf, John Fryall 355 

Steenrod, Lewis 361 

Stephenson, James 362 

Stevenson, Andrew 363 

Stratton, John 368 

Strother, George F 369 

Strotlier, James F 369 

Stuart, Alexander H. H 369 

Stuart, Archibald 369 

Summers, George W 370 

Swearingen, Thomas V 371 

Swoope, Jacob 372 

Taliaferro, Benjamin 373 

Taylor,Jolin 375 

Taylor, Robert 376 

Taylor, William 376 

Taylor, William 376 

Tazewell, Henry 376 

Tazewell, Littleton W 376 

Thompson, George W 379 

Thompson, I'hilip R 380 

Thompson, Robert A 380 

Tredway, William M 385 

Trez vant, J ames 386 

Trigg, Abram 386 

Trigg, Jolia 386 

Tucker, George 387 

Tucker, Henry St. George 387 

Tyler, John 389 

Van Winkle, Peter G 394 

Venable, Abraham B 395 

Walker, John 398 

"Walker, Francis 398 

Washington, George 404 

WMiite, Francis 411 

Willey, Waitman T 415 

Williams, Ja're.d 4 16 

Wilson, Alexander 418 

Wilson , Edgar C 418 

Wilson, Thomas 421 

Wise, Henry A 422 

Wythe, George 428 

"West "Virginia. 

Blair, Jacob B. (see "Virginia} 41 

Brown, William G. (see Virgmia) 56 

Hubbard, Cliester D 198 

Kitchen, 15. M 224 

Latham, George R 229 

Polsle V, Daniel 308 

Van Winkle, P. G. (see Virginia) 394 

Whaley, Kellian V 409 

Willey, W aitman T. (see Virginia) 415 

"Wisconsin. 

Billinghurst, Charles 39 

Brown, James S • 56 



Cobb, Amasa 87 

Cole, Orasmus 89 

Darling, Mason C 105 

Dodge, Henry 1 18 

Doolittle, J. R ll<) 

Doty, James D 119 

Durkee, Charles (see Utah) 123 

Eastman, Benjamin C 124 

Eldredge, Charles A 127 

Hanchett, Luther 171 

Howe, Timothy 197 

Hopkins, Benjamin F 193 

Larrabee, Charles H 229 

Lynde, William P 245 

Macy, John B 247 

Martin, Morgan L 261 

Mclndoe, Walter D 251 

Paine, H albert E 293 

Potter, John F 311 

Sawyer, Philetus 335 

Sloan, A. Scott 349 

Sloan, Ithamar C 349 

Tweedy, John H 389 

Walker, Isaac P 398 

AVashburn, Cadwallader C 403 

Wells, Daniel, Jr. 408 

Wheeler , Ezr a - 409 

Territory of A.rizona>. 

Bashford, Coles 30 

Goodwin, John N. (see Maine) 157 

Poston, Charles D 310 

Territory of Colorado. 

Bennett, Hiram P 35 

Bradford, Allen A 49 

Territory of I>acotali, 

Burleigh, Walter A 61 

Jayne, William 207 

Todd, JohnB. S 383 

Territory of IdLalio. 

Holbrook, E. D 189 

Wallace, William H. (see Washington Terri- 
tory) 40O 

Territory of aiontana. 

McLean, Samuel 254 

Teirritoi'y of IVew M:e3;:ico. 

Chavez, J. Francisco 78 

Clever, Charles P 85 

Gallegos, Jos(5 Manuel 149 

Otero, Miguel A 291 

Perea, Francisco 300 

Watts, John S 405 

Weightman, Richard Hanson 407 

Teri'itoi'y of XJtali. 

Bernhisel, John M 36 

Durkee, Charles (see Wisconsin) 123 

Hooper, W.H 193 

Kinney, John Fitch 223 

Territory 'Of TV^asliington. 

Anderson, J. P 16 

Cole, George E 89 

Denney, Arthur A 113 

Flanders, Alvin ■ 140 

Lancaster, Columbia 227 

Stevens, Isaac 1 303 

Wallace, William H 400 



624 



INDEX. 



INDEX TO STATISTICAL EECORDS. 



Successive sessions of Congress 431 

Speakers House of Representatives 435 

Presidents of the Senate 435 

Presidents of the Senate pro tem 438 

Secretaries of the Senate 437 

Clerks House of Representatives 437 

Chaplains to Congress 438 

Successive Administrations 439 

Cabinet Ministers who have not served in 

Congress 443 

Executive Officers of the Civil Service 450 

Presidential Electors 454 

Supreme Court of tlie United States 496 

Justices of the Supreme Court who have not 

been in Congress 498 

Clerks of the Supreme Court 501 

Reporters of Supreme Court 501 

Marshals attendant on Supreme Court 501 

Ministers, to Foreign Countries 502 

Declaration of Independence 523 



Signers Declaration of Independence 528 

Delegates to the Continental Congress 529 

Presidents Continental Congress 533 

Sessions Continental Congress 633 

Articles of Confederation 534 

The Constitution of the United States 539 

The Seat of the General Government 651 

Organization of Executive Departments 653 

States and Territories of the Union 664 

Origin of the Names of States 570 

Progress of Population of the United States.. 572 

Ratio of Representation 673 

Leading Government Publications 575 

Pay Table of Leading Civil Officers 575 

State and Territorial Governors 578 

Right of Suffrage in each State , . 687 

Qualifications of Governors, Senators, and 

Representatives 591 

Concluding Note 595 



INDEX TO CABINET MINISTERS NOT IN CONGRESS. 



Bancroft, George 443 

Black, Jeremiah S 443 

Blair, Montgomery 443 

Bradford, William 443 

Butler, Benjamin Franklin 443 

Dallas, Alexander J . 444 

Dennison, William 444 

Duane, William J 444 

Floyd, John B 444 

Gilpin, Henry D 444 

Granger, Gideon 444 

Grant, Ulysses S 449 

Hamilton, Paul 444 

Henshaw, David 445 

Holt, Joseph 445 

Kendall, Amos 445 

King, Horatio 445 

Kuox, Henry 446 



Lee, Charles 446 

McCulloch, Hugh 446 

Meredith, William M 446 

Paulding, James K 446 

Randall, Alexander H 446 

Rush, Richard 446 

Schofield, John McAlister 447 

Scott, Winfield 448 

Speed, James 447 

Stanbery, Henry 447 

Stanton, Edwin M 447 

Stoddert, Benjamin 447 

Taylor Zachary. 448 

Thomas, Lorenzo 450 

Upshur, Abel Parker 448 

Usher, John P 448 

Welles, Gideon 448 

Wirt, William 448 



INDEX TO JUSTICES OF THE SUPREME COURT NOt IN 

CONGRESS. 



Blair, John 498 

Campbell, John Archibald 498 

Catron, John 498 

Curtis, Benjamin Robbins 498 

Cashing, William 498 

Daniel, Peter Vy vian 498 

Davis, David 498 

Fields, Stephen J 499 

Grier, Robert C 499 

Harrison, Robert H 499 

Johnson, William 499 



Livingston, Brockholst 499 

Miller, SamuelF 499 

Moore, Alfred 499 

Nelson, Samuel 500 

Swayne, Noah H 500 

Taney, Roger B 500 

Thompson, Smith 500 

Todd, Thomas 500 

Trimble, Robert 500 

Washington, Bushrod 500 



ADDENDA. 



ooj^Ko* 

It has been deemed advisable to chronicle, in an addenda, the deaths of 
several Ex-Congressmen, which have recently occurred, as well as the names, 
without full particulars, of those who have been elected to Congress from the 
Reconstructed States together with other facts not received in time to be 
inserted in the body of this volume. 



Aldrich, Cyrus. — In his notice, the 
word "Hampsliire'" should read Henne- 
pin. 

Bennett, Menrij.— Died at New Ber- 
lin, New York, May 25, 1868. 

BlacJcburn W. tTasper.—TlQ was 
elected a liepresentative, from Louisiana, 
to the Fortieth Congress, having emi- 
grated from Tennessee, wliere he edited 
a newspaper. 

Boles, Thoinas. — He was bom near 
tJlarksville, Johnson County, Arkansas, 
July 16, 1837 ; labored on a farm until his 
twentieth year, teaching a common school 
for a portion of three years ; in 1859 to 
1860 he was Deputy Sheriff and Deputy 
Clerk of the Yell County Court; studied 
law and came to the bar in tlie latter year ; 
in 1863 and 1864 he served as a Captain in 
the Union Army, experiencing many trials 
from ill health and military arrests ; in 
1865 he was chosen Judge of the Fourth 
Judicial District of Arkansas, which he 
I'esigned early in 1868, when he was 
elected a Representative, from Arkansas, 
to the Fortieth Congress. 

Bond, Shadrack.—Bovn in Mary- 
land. 

Bowen, C. C. — Born in Rhode Island ; 
long a resident in the South; and was 
elected a Representative from South Car- 
olina to the Fortieth Congress. 

Boy den, IfatJianiel.—lle formerly 
served in Congress from North Carolina, 
and under the revised Constitution of 
1868 was re-elected a Representative, from 
North Carolina, to the Fortieth Congress. 

Buchanan, James. — Died at 
40 



Wheatland, near Lancaster, Pennsylvania, 
June 1, 1868. 

Buckley, Charles TF.— He was 

elected a Representative, from Alabama, 
to the Fortieth Congress. Graduated at 
the Union Theological Seminary ; was a 
Chaplain in the Union Army during the 
Rebellion; and Assistant Superiutendeni; 
of the Freedmen's Bureau. 

BurJce, Joseph IF.— He was elected 
a Representative, from Alabama, to the 
Fortieth Congress. 

Christy, John B.—lie was elected 
a Representative, from Georgia, to the 
Fortieth Congress. 

Clift, J. W.—He was elected a Rep- 
resentative, from Georgia, to the Fortieth 
Congress. Emigrated from Massachu- 
setts, and was a Surgeon in the Union 
Army. 

Corley, Simon. — Born in South Car^ 
olina, and was elected a Representative, 
from that State, to the Fortieth Congress. 



Daniel, John B. J.- 

Carolina, in June, 1868. 



-Died in North 



Bewees, John T. — He had command 
of an Indiana Regiment during the Re- 
bellion ; and on removing to North Caro- 
lina, after the war, he was appointed a 
Register in Bankruptcy, at Raleigh; and 
was elected a Representative, from North 
Carolina, to the Fortieth Congress. 

Bickson, Ellas /S.— He was born in 
South Carolina, and was elected a Repre- 
sentative, from that State, to the Fortieth 
Congress. 

625 



626 



ADDENDA. 



jyockerj/, Oliver Jff.— He was elected 
fl Roproseutative, from North Carolina, to 
the Fortieth Cougress. 

Edivards, William JP.— lie was 
boru ill Georgia, and bred a lawyer; and 
was elected a Rcpreseutative, from that 
State, to the Fortieth Congress* 

Eppinff, J. 2*. JT.— Born in North 
Carolina; appointed a United States Mar- 
shal after the war; and was elected a 
Representative, from tlmt State, to the 
Fortieth Cougress. 

Frencli, John JR.— Born in Gilman- 
ton, New Hampshire; edited the " Herald 
of Freedom" in that State; removed to 
Painesville, Ohio, where he edited the 
"Press;" was a Paymaster dnring the 
Rebellion; and, removing to North Caro- 
lina, was a Tax Commissioner in that 
State ; and from which he was elected a 
Representative to the Fortieth Congress. 

Oillet, Bansom jHT.— He published, 
in 18G8, a political work, entitled " De- 
mocracy in the United States." 

Goss, James H.—Hq was born in 
South Carolina, and was elected a Repre- 
sentative, from that State, to the Fortieth 
Congress. 

Gove, Samuel F.—Tle was elected a 
Representative, from Georgia, to the For- 
tieth Congress. He was born in Massa- 
chusetts, and an officer in the Union army 
during the Rebellion. 

Governors of Reconstructed 

States.— Those elected in 1808 are as fol- 
lows :— Alabama— William H. Smith; 
Arkansas — Powell Clayton ; Florida — 
Harrison Reed; Georgia— Rufus B. Bul- 
lock; Louisiana— Henry C. Warmouth; 
North Carolina — William W. Holden ; 
South Carolina — Robert K. Scott. 

Male, Sahna.—Was born at Alstead, 
New Hampshire, March 7, 1787; learned 
the trade of a printer at Walpole, N. H ; 
in his eighteenth year became the editor 
of the "Political Observatory," at that 
place; subsequently studied law; from 
1812 to 1834 — with the exception of a 
few years — he was employed as Clerk 
of the Cheshire County Court, and the 
Superior Court of Judicature ; his services 
as a Representative in Congress, from 
Massachusetts, were rendered from 1817 
to 181i) ; and, after giving up his connec- 
tion with the Courts as Clerk, he was ad- 
mitted to the bar. He was a member of 
the New Hampshire Legislature in 1823, 
1824, and 1825, serving in both houses. In 
1825 he published a " History of the United 
States," for schools, which was republished 
in England ; was also the author of the 
" Annals of Keene ; " was a Trustee of 



Dartmiouth University, and of the Uni- 
versity of Vermont, and Secretary of the 
Board of Commissioners umler the Treaty 
of Ghent. He was a student of languages 
and history ; a frequent and popular 
writer for periodicals ; and died at Keene, 
N. II., November 1», 18GG. 

Haniilton, Charles ilT.— Born in 
Clinton County, Pennsylvania, in Novem- 
ber, 1840; in 18(51 he entered the Union army 
as a private, participated in sixteen bat- 
tles, and was Avounded three times, — at 
Gaines' Mill, Antietam, and Fredericks- 
burg ; was for a time contined in Libby Pris- 
on;" in October, 18(53, he was appointed a 
Lieutenant in the Veteran Reserve Corps ; 
was appointed a Judge Advocate, in which 
capacity he served until 18G5 ; was subse- 
quently a Commissioner of Refugees in 
Florida ; and on being mustered out of ser- 
vice, early in 18(58, he turned his attention 
to the practice of law; and was elected a 
Representative, from Florida, to the Forti- 
eth Congress. 

Haughey, TJiomas,—He was elected 
a Representative, from Alabama, to the 
Fortieth Congress. 

Meaton, David.— lie Avas formerly 
editor of the "Middletown Herald" in 
Ohio ; served in the Senate of that State ; 
was also a member of the Minnesota Sen- 
ate; and was elected a Representative, 
from North Carolina, to the Fortieth Con- 
gress. 

Hinds, James.— He was born in 
Hebron, Washington County, New York, 
December 5, 1833 ; graduated at the Cin- 
cinnati Law College in 185G; removed to 
Minnesota and practised his profession 
thei'e; was District Attorney for the State 
until 1860 ; served in the war for the Union 
as a private, after which he settled at 
Little Rock, Arkansas ; was a member of 
the Convention which formed the present 
Constitution of the State ; was appointed 
a Commissioner to codify the laws of the 
State ; and subsequently elected a Repre- 
sentative, from Arkansas, to the Fortieth 
Congress. 

Johnson, Reverdy.—ln June, 1868, 
he was appointed Minister to England, 
and received from St. John's College the 
degree of LL.D. 

Jones, Alexander JE[.— lie was bom 

in North Carolina ; was editor of the "Ash- 
ville Progress ; " was conllned in the Libby 
Prison during the Rebellion; and was 
elected a Representative, from North Car- 
olina, to the Fortieth Congress. 

Kellogg, Francis TV.— He was 
elected a Representative, from Alabama, to 
the Fortieth Congress. (Formerly served 
in Congress from Michigan.) 



ADDENDA. 



627 



La Branche, Alcee— In 1837, he 
was appointed, by President Van Buren, 
Charge d'affaires to Texas. In the vol- 
ume his name is anglicized. 

Lash, Isaac D. — He was elected a 
Representative, from North Carolina, to 
the Fortieth Congress. 

« 

Lincoln, Levi. — Died at Worcester, 
Massachusetts, May 29, 1868. Additional 
Facts. — Born in Worcester, October 25, 
1782; graduated at Harvard College in 
1802 ; studied law and came to the bar in 
1805; wasamember of the " State Consti- 
tutional Convention " of 1822 ; and as Pres- 
idential Elector in 1848. Was the brother 
of Euoch Lincoln. 

Mann, James. — Born in Gorham, 
Maine, June 20, 1822; in 1847 he was 
elected to the Legislature of Maine and 
re-elected, and was also elected to the 
State Senate; subsequently he held a 
position in the Portland Custom House ; 
was Treasurer for the County of Cumber- 
land ; was a Paymaster in the Army dur- 
ing the Rebellion, and during the last year 
of his service disbursed eight millions of 
dollars to the Army of the Gulf; and, hav- 
ing settled in New Orleans, was elected a 
Representative from Louisiana to the 
Fortieth Congress. 

McDonald, Alexander.— Re was 

born in Clinton County, Pennsylvania, 
April 10, 1832; was educated chiefly at 
the Lewisburg University; emigrated to 
Kansas in 1857, and turned his attention to 
mercantile pursuits ; took a leading part in 
raising troops for the Union Army during 
the Rebellion, and for a time supported 
three regiments at his private expense ; 
in 1863 he settled in Arkansas as a mer- 
chant ; established and became President 
of a National Bank at Fort Smith ; also 
became President of the Merchants' Na- 
tional Bank at Little Rock; and was 
elected a Senator in Congress, from Ar- 
kansas, for the term ending in 18G9, hav- 
ing taken his seat on the admission of that 
State into the Union. 

McDonald, Joseph E.—lie was a 
Representative from Indiana, and not 
from Ohio. 

McKee, Samuel. — Having contested 
the seat of John D. Young, as a Represent- 
ative from Kentucky to the Fortieth 
Congress, the House decided the question 
in his favor, and he was admitted in the 
month of June, 1868. 

McMahon, Martin T,— Appointed 
Minister Resident to Paraguay in June, 
1868. 

McMae, John J".— Died at Belize, 
British Honduras, May 30, 1868. 



New sham, Joseph J*.— Was elected 
a Representative, from Louisiana, to the 
Fortieth Congress; having previously 
been a member of the " State Constitution- 
al Convention" of 1868. 

Norrls, Benjamin W. — He was 

elected a llopreseiitative, from Alabama, 
to the Fortieth Congress. 

Osborne, Thomas W.—lIa was a 

law student in St. Lawrence County, New 
York, at the commencement of the Rebel- 
lion ; but having raised a battery of artil- 
lery, he saw much service on the Penin- 
sula, at Gettysburg, in the West, and was 
with the army in its march to the sea, at- 
taining the rank of Brevet Brigadier-Gen- 
eral ; after leaving the army "he was ap- 
pointed United States Marshal for the 
District of Florida; was also connected 
with the Freedmen's Bureau there; and 
was elected a Senator in Congress, from 
Florida, for the term commencing with the 
readmission of the State into the Union, 
and ending in 1873. 

Fierce, Charles XF".— Pie was elected 
a Representative, from Alabama, to the 
Fortieth Congress. 

Prince, Charles H.— He was elected 
a Representative from Georgia to the 
Fortieth Congress. Born in Maine, and 
was a Captain in the Union army during 
the Rebellion. 

Bice, Benja'inin F.—He was elected 
a Senator in Congress, from Arkansas, for 
the terra ending in 1871, having taken his 
seat on the readmission of the State into 
the Union. 

Boots, Logan S.—Re was born in 
Perry County, Illinois, March 26, 1841; 
graduated at the Normal University of 
that State ; was principal of a high school ; 
in 1862 he took an active part in raising 
troops for the war, and was appointed a 
quartermaster; and subsequently served 
as a Commissary of Subsistence in the 
operations against Atlanta, with the rank 
of Colonel. After the war he settled iu 
Arkansas as a planter, and was elected a 
Representative, from that State, to the 
Fortieth Congress. 

Statistics, Bureau of.— In June, 
1868, this office was merged into that of 
Special Commissioner of Internal Rev- 
enue. 

Sypher, J. ECale.— Bom in. Pennsyl- 
vania, and elected a Representative, from 
Louisiana, to the Fortieth Congress. Com- 
manded a regiment of colored troops in 
the Union army during the Rebellion. 

Tiffin, Edward.— lie was born in 
England; was Coraniissioner of the Gen- 



.^ 



628 



ADDENDA, 



O vfc' 



eralLand Office from 1812 to 1814; and 
was subsequently Surveyor Genex'al for 
North-western Oliio for several years. 

Tifft, Nelson. — He was elected a Eep- 
resentative, from Georgia, to the Fortieth 
Congress. 

Toucey, Isaac— In June, 1868', he 
founded four scholarships in Trinity Col- 
lege, Hartford. 

Vidal, Michael.— Wa.^ born in Louis- 
iana, of French lineage; was editor of 
the " St. Landry Express; " and elected a 
Eepresentative, from Louisiana, to the For- 
tieth Congress. Was a member of the 
"State Constitutional Convention" of 1868. 

Waldhridge, Daniel <Si.— Died at 
Kalamazoo, Michigan, June 15, 1868. 

Welsh, A. S. — He was born in Con- 
necticut, in 1821 ; graduated at the Uni- 
versity of Michigan; was for a time a 
Professor in that institution ; was also, for 
fifteen years, at the head of the Normal 
School of the State ; served as an officer 
in the Union army throughout the Rebel- 
lion ; and, having settled in Florida, was 
a Senator in Congress, from that State, 



from the date of its readmission into the 
Union. 

Wliittemore, Benjamin F. — Born 

in Massachusetts ; was a clergyman and 
agent of the Freedmen's Bureau ; and 
elected a Representative, from South Caro- 
lina, to the Fortieth Congress . 

Woodbridge, FredericJc JEJ.— (Ad- 
ditional.) Was in the State Legislature 
in 1849, 1857 and 1858 ; in 1860 and 1861 in 
the Senate, and President pro tempore of 
that body ; was a Prosecuting Attorney 
from 1854 to 1847; was several times 
chosen Mayor of Vincennes ; and was en- 
gaged in railroad management having 
been Vice-President of the Rutland and 
Washington Railroad. 

Young, tTohn D. — His claim to a 
seat as a Representative, from Kentucky, 
to the Fortieth Congress, was success- 
fully contested by Samuel McKee. 

Young, J*. 3£. B. — He was a Gener- 
al in the Confederate army during the 
Rebellion ; and was elected a Representa- 
tive, from Georgia, to the Fortieth Cour 

gress. 



Soon after this work had gone to press, in the month of May, the Republic 
can Party held their National Convention at Chicago, and nominated Ulysses 
S. Grant for President, and Schuyler Colfax for Vice-President of the United 
States, and a notice of each will be found in the preceding pages. After the 
work shall have left the printer, the Democratic Party will hold their National 
Convention in New York City. Should their candidates for the offices in ques- 
tion happen to be men who have, served in Congress. Sketches of their lives 
will also be found in this volume ; but if otherwise, the nominees will be duly 
mentioned in the forthcoming record of the Twenty-First Presidential elec- 
tion. 



•>< 



LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 









